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No. 17) MANDHATA PLATES OF PARAMARA JAYASIMHA-JAYAVARMAN, 147
V. S. 1331 inscription (V.S. 1345=1288 A.D.) of Chāhamāna Hammira (c. 1233-1301 A.D.) of Raņastambhapura. Hammira is stated to have defeated Arjuna in battle and wrested the glory of Mālava by force.
According to lines 128 ff., the four villages, having well-defined boundaries, were granted as & permanent endowment together with trees, houses, house-sites, granaries and threshing floors, tala-bhēdhyā (pits ?) and cow-sheds. The donees' rights included certain taxes payable by the tenants in kind and described as handfuls of vegetables, small measures of oil and vesselfuls of liquids or grains. They were granted the right over objects grown in the space above the earth and treasures and deposits under the ground as well as over temples, gardens, tanks, step-wells, wells, etc. They were further allowed to enjoy taxes in cash, periodical offerings and the customary share of grains, and also the tax on temporary tenants as well as other incomes including fines. But the donees were not allowed to have any right over any part of the land already in the possession of gods and Brāhmaṇas. The Pattakilas and villagers were ordered to pay to the donees the usual share of the produce, periodical offerings and taxes in cash as well as to obey their orders. Some of the ordinary imprecatory and benedictory stanzas are quoted in lines 134-38. According to verse 72 in line 139, the writer of the charter was Srikantha who was & courtier of king Jayavarman. The document was engraved by Rūpakāra (artisan) Känhāka who may be the same as Kānhäda, the engraver of the Māndhātā plates of V.8. 1317 (1261 A.D.), issued by the same king.
The following geographical names are mentioned in the inscription : (1) Rēvā, i.e. the river Narmada ; (2) Kāvērī, a branch of the Narmadā ; (3) Mändhātri or Māndhātri-durga, i.e. modern Māndhātā ; (4) Dhārā, i.e. modern Dhär; (5) Bhaillagvāmipura, i.e. modern Bhilsā ; (6) the Vindhya mountain range ; (7) Dākshiņātya, apparently meaning the dominions of the Yadavas of Dēvagiri; (8) Dēva pälapura, probably modern Dipalpur, 27 miles to the north-west of Mhow ; (9) Sākapura probably the headquarters of a Pratijāgaranaka or Pargana of the same name identified by some with the present Shujalpur Pargana ;' (10) Maņdapa-durga, i.e. modern Māndü; (11) Vardhanapura-pratijāgaranaka ; (12) Kumbhadāuda-grāma; (13) Vālauda-grāma; (14) Saptāśīti-pratijägaranaka, literally a Pargana consisting of 87 villages'; (15) Vaghădi-grāma; (16) Nāgadahspratijāgaranaka, a Pargana probably having its headquarters at Nagdah near Ujjain ; (17) Năţiya
1 Bhandarkar's List, No. 623. .
* The successor of Arjunavarman II on the Paramāra throne seems to have been Bhoja II. According to the Hammirama rakavya of Nayachandra, Chāhamana Hammira of Ranastambhapura also defeated king Bhoja. of Dhārā, encamped at Ujjayint and worshipped Mahākāla (Ind. Ant., Vol. VIII, pp. 64-65). The Muslim writers speak of one Kökā (sometimes called Haranand), the Rajā of Malwa, who was defeated by Alauddin Khalji in 1306, A.D. (Tarikh-i-F'irishta, Briggs' trans., Vol. I, pp. 361-62; Ray, op. cit., pp. 907-08). In an inscription of V.S. 1496 (Bhandarkar's List, No. 784) the same ruler is called Gögädeva, king of Malava, who was defeated by Guhila Lakshmasimha, a contemporary of the Khalji Sultān. Köka thus appears to have been either identical with or a contemporary of Bhoja II. Wassāf, who wrote his Taziyatul Amsár in 1300 A.D., says: " It may be about thirty years previous to my laying the foundation of this book that the king of Malwa died and dissension arose between his son and minister. After long hostilities and much slaughter, each of them acquired possession of part of that country" (Elliot and Dowson, op. cit., Vol. III, p. 31). It is not impossible that the king of Malwa and his son referred to here are Arjunavarman II and Bhoja II. In such a case, Kökā may be the minister who became the king of a part of Malwa at the time of Bhoja II during whose reign Wassif seems to hwe written his book Muslim authors sometimes call Koka a Pradhan of king Mahlak Deo of Malwa (Elliot and Dowson op. cit., p. 76). This Mahlak Deo may have boon the successor of Bhõja II. He was probably succeeded by Jayasimha whose Udaypur inscription (Bhandarkar's List, No. 661) is dated in V.S. 1366 (1310 A.D.). But Jayasimhs must havo been ruling over a part of the country, its other parts then being in the hands of the Muslim conquerorrs.
Gangnly, op. cit., p. 201.
