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INTRODUCTION
69
commentaries on the TS, namely Bhdsyok and Sarvirtasiddhi (on IX, 7), both of which have common ideas and expressions, it is the latter that has influenoed K more than the former.
1) The simile of juta hudbuda (K 21 ) is found in B (5), in Bha (1717) and also in S but not in the Bhasya in this context. 2) The simile of lion for death (K 24) is pretty old found in the canonical passages and in the Bhdsya, but the S hug that of a tiger as in the Mahabharata passage noted above. 8) K seems to work out the details hinted in the Bhagya and S; five-fold Samsāra, megtioned in S, goes back to Kundakunda from whose B Půjyapāda quotes the necessary gāthās, as already noted 4) S stregses Dharma as the schy, and K explains it by than dana-akhano huwve suyuno. 5) Tbat the Atman is separate from the body is the basic theme, 6) K follows S more than the Bhagya which is more elaborate. Neither of the commentarios trud 2063 ari iz turc cf 1914, artha and käma, 7-8) The Bharya is more elaborate and gives some mythological illastrations eto. in dealing with isravu. K follows TS, as shown above, in the exposition of Agrava, 9) The two-fold rirani is mentioned in the commentary, and develop it in the case of a soul moving along the path of spiritual evolution. 10) Taking hints from the commentary, K has made this dechon & veritable compendium of karamingyog and druyantyogt. The three-fold division of Atman reminds one of similar discussion in the Mokkhat pihudo, Samadhi-satcska, Poramappa-paycisu ete. Some of the definitions of nayoks, for instance, sangraha, &abda cto, remind one of S(I. 33). Svami Kumāra shows here and there the spirit of a Naiyāyika. 11) Though some of the similies are slightly modified, the trend of discussion in K is a full development of what is found in S. 12) K presents a systematio and tborougb exposition of two-fold Dharma ete, for which the material is available in plenty in TS and its commentaries in various contexts.
Thus Svāmi Kumira inherits a good deal from Kundakunda, Sivärya, Vattakera etc. and has enriched his exposition by profusely drawing upon the Tattvarth-siztras and its Accessory literaturo. Fature stadies alone 0an detect additional sources more precisely,
e) A COMPENDIUM OP Jaina DOCMATICS
Most of the topics included ander Anapreksas ute of auch didactic import as could be discussed without overloading the exposition, say in the manner of Subhacandra in some Anuprekşās in his Jñandraus, with dogmatical details and technical enumerations of a more or less fixed pattern. But
