Pathik 1989 Vol 29 Ank 01 02

Author(s): K K Shastri and Other
Publisher: Mansingji Barad Smarak Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/535337/1

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra varSa 29 muM aH 1-2 sa, 2045-46 sana 1989 kA. nave. ********* sva. mAnasagajI bAraDa smAraka TrasTa - sacAlita res Adya taMtrI : sva. mAnasa'gajI bhA 29 mA dIpAtsa vAMka bhagavAna dveSIgneza viSNu : kha'bhAta [pre., DaeN. je. pI. amInanA saujanyathI For Private and Personal Use Only taMtrI maDaLa : ke. ke. kA. zAstrI OMA. nA. ke. bhaTTI Do. sau. bhAratIbahena zelata ** >>>>

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khana javAlA pala pala mAre aMtara jAge, A zI jhaMkhane vAlA ! cogama mArI AMkhaDI iMTe kenA e aNasAre ? pala pala mAre aMtara jAge A zI jhaMkhana vAlA ! 2 raMgabhInI dharatI saMge phAgaNiyo sura rele, dUra-sudUra sArasa-cume kala kala nAde je, zAne mArA uramAM Aje keyalanA TahukArA? pala pala mAre aMtara jAge A zo jhaMkhana vAlA! re madaghelI maMjarI Dole rimata suhAgI vera, lajAbhAre namatI velI ura potAnuM bele : zAne ' mArA uramAM jAge haLavA re thaDakAro ? pala pala mAre aMtara jAge A zI jhaMkhana javAlA ! jAgatI teye zamaNA-ghelI mauna dharIne mahAluM, phUla-kemala spaMdana uranAM ekalI ekalI mANuM', keNa karIne mujane teDe namaNAM 2 IzArA pala pala mAre aMtara jAge A zI ke bana javAlA ! gama mArI AMkhaDI re konA e aNasArA? pala pala mAre aMtara jAge, A zI jhaMkhana javAlA : che. jillA udyoga kendra, mahesANA jagadIza dhanazvara bhaTTa, visanagaTI Always Ask for PASTEURISED MILK AND MILK PRDDUCTS Such as Flavoured Milk . Sugam Shrikhand Sugam Gulabjamun Speciai Agmark Chee Because they are - Sugam Ice-cream Nutritive And Cheaper. Also insist for "BARODA DAN" a quality cattle feed as it o Increases Milk Yield Ald Wealth of Farmers. BARODA DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE MILK PRODUCERS' UNION, LTD. BARODA DAIRY, BARODA: 390 009 1989 ekaTa-nave. [ pathika-dIpiTsavAMka For Private and Personal Use Only

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ka che RA pAdarA te che ke , zrI umA-mahedhara : khaMbhAta (che, ke.je. pI. amInanA saujanyathI) For Private and Personal Use Only

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zrI bhuvanezvarI pUjana yaMtra SHREE BHUVANESHWARI POJAN YANTRA SV EX JU 49 Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 4 zrI bhuvanezvarI pUjana yaMtra pavitra thaI, pavitra vAtAvaraNamAM, hRdayapUrvaka zraddhA ane bhaktipUrvaka pUjAmAM zrIbhuvanezvarI pUjanayaMtra'nI sthApanA karI, mana, vacana, krathI pUjana karavAthI manavAMchita phaLanI prApti thAya che. navarAtranAM anuSThAna tathA pUjA mATe jarUrI che, : AjanA kaLiyugamAM vidyAbhyAsa, dhana, vyavasAya, Adhi-vyAdhi-upAdhi, saMtana, dhana, bimArI vagere mATe zrI bhuvanezvarI pUjana yaMtra' siddha che, mUlya rUA. trIsa adhyAtma, dharma, jJAna, sa MskRti, jyAtiSa, Ayuveda ane sevAnI vividhalakSI pravRttiothI projajavala tItha dhAma H prAptisthAna : zrIbhuvanezvarI pITha bra. pU. AcArya zrI caraNatItha mahArAja smRtimaMdira, 'ghanazyAma bhuvana', mahAdevavADI, ge MDaLa 390 311, gujarAta (bhArata) EXPRESS HOTEL Hospitality with latest facilites & aminities R C. Dutt Rood, Baroda-390 005 Ph 323131, 320113, TIx-0.75-311, FAX: 0265-325980 18, Alkapuri, Baroda-390005, Ph. 325744,325960 Telex. 0175-488, FAX-0265-325980 HEMANT INDUSTRIES Manufacturers of Import Substitute Items, Air movies and testirng of cylinder. 279, G I.D.C. Estate, Makarpura, Vadodara-390010 4] 1989/eNkaTo.-nave. [pathiA-dIpAsavAMk For Private and Personal Use Only

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1 / Adya taMtrI : sva. mAnasaMgajI bAraDa taMtrI-maMDaLa() vArSika lavAjama : dezamAM rU.30/ prA.ke. kA. zAstrI () videzamAM rU. 111/- chUTaka rU.3/pathika pratyeka aMgrejI mahi- ra, De. nAgajIbhAI bhaTTI, 3, De. bhAratIbahena zelata nAnI 15 mI tArIkhe prasiddha thAya varSa 29 ] A saM.2045 aMka-nave. sana 1989 [aMka 1-2 che. pachInA 15 divasamAM aMke - maLe te sthAnika posTa ophisa 29 dIpotsavAMka mAM likhita phariyAda karavI ane enI nakala atre mokalavI. [ki. rU. 10-3 * "pathika sarvopayogI vicAra! navA varSanI bhalI kAmanA bhAvanA ane jJAnanuM mAsika che. varSo beu pasAra madha varasya saMpattivALAM thayAM jIvanane urdhvagAmI banAvatA teye zAMti na, saukhya nA, jana badhe bhAMgI paDayAM lAgatAM. abhyAsapUrNa ane ziSTa sAhityika | bhraSTAcAra vadhyo, na zAsana phaLyuM, saMsaddhi Aghe gaI, lakhANane svIkAravAmAM Ave che. Avo kera, kRpALu he prabhu ! tame zAne nathI TALatA ? 0 prasiddha thaI gayelI ! zuM che vAMka prajA taze? samajha ke cokhkhI nathI AvatI, prasiddha karavA mATe na mokalavAnI | bhagI cheka paDe ao divasa ne jevo paDe, he prabhu! lekhake e kALajI rAkhavI. tethI sakhya ane suzAsana maLe, saMzuddhi Ave pharI, * kRti sArA akSare zAhIthI ane | evI aMtaranI rahe ane navA varSe zumAM prArthanA. kAgaLanI eka ja bAjue lakhelI hevI joIe. kRtimAM koI anya vinaMti bhASAnAM avataraNa mUkyAM haiyA vArSika grAhakoe potAnuM ke potAnI saMsthA koleja pA te eno gujarAtI tarajumo Apa jarUrI che. zALAnuM lavAjama rU. 30/- hajI ne kahyuM hoya te satvara ma.e.thI mekalI ApavA hAdika vinaMti. saranAmAmAM geLa 0 kRtimAMnA vicAronI vartulamAM pahelA aMka kayA mAsathI grAhaka thayAnuM kahe javAbadArI lekhakanI raheze. 0 "pathikamAM prasiddha thatI kRti che. e mAsa pahelAM lavAjama maLavuM abhISTa che. enA vicAre-abhiprAya sAthe agAunAM laMvAjama eka ke ekathI vadhu varSonAM bAkI che teo paNa taMtrI sahamata che ema na samajhavuM. saveLA mokalI ApavA kRpA kare. aMka hAthamAM Ave e gALAmAM lavAjama mokalI ApanAre AvA vartane dhyAnamAM na levA vinaMti, * asvIkRta kRti pAchI meLava pathikanA AzrayadAtA rU. 1001/-thI ane AjIvana sahAyaka thA jarUrI TikiTa AvI haze te tarata parata karAze. 3. 301/-thI thavAya che. bheTa tarIke paNa rakama svIkAravAmAM 0 namUnAnA aMkanI nakala mATe ! Ave che. sva. zrI. mAnasaMgajIbhAInA ane pathikanA cAhakone -50 nI TikiTo mokalavI. "pathika kAryAlayanA nAmanA ema.e. ke DrAphaTathI mekalI ApavA vinaMti. ma.e. DrAphaTa patra lekho A chellI be prakAranI tema rU. 50 thI laI AvatI vadhu bheTanI pathika kAryAlaya, madhuvana, elisa rakama anAmata ja rahe che ane enuM mAtra vyAja ja vaparAya che. brija, amadAvAda- 380006 | zuddhi vAMco pU. 7, lITAM 22 dattA vimalakumAra pathi-dIpesavo] 1989-ka-nave. T 5. For Private and Personal Use Only

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kAvyo: jati nA zrI, pIyUSa paMDyA, "ti 9. patnInA vanapraveze zrI. IzvaracaMdra bhaTTa , daliva to Avyo che. bhAnuprasAda paMDyA , thaI nathI zakatI zrI. jayaMta dhekAI 11 AvyA che. hemaMta desAI ,, rezamI DhoLAva zrI. vArija luhAra , game che De. dharmedra mAstara, "madhurama" ,, gajhala zrI. nalina paMDyA vanenI lIlAmAM che. himAMzu bhaTTa , kavi zrI. rajanI pAThaka | rUpe (kachI) zrI. AnaMdakumAra ADe 10 gajhala zrI. gajAnana paTela , "raNane bhramara" vaidya vI. ema. mahetA , kacchI vANIjo vIraDe, kacchI)zrI haridAsa ke. Thakkara 12 narmadAparikramA-saMbaMdhI kahevata che. bipinacaMda 2. trivedI 13 mana thayuM zrI jegena maNiyAra 14 pakaDAyelI mAchalInuM gIta zrI. kAsama jakhkhI 16 carito : koThAvArA nAnajI zeTha zrI. ThAkarasI pu. kaMsArA sarakhejanA zrI zivarAma zukala che. rasikalAla ci. tripAThI 17 gijubhAI badhekA zrI. dIpaka jagatApa, 'aMkura 18 krAMtivIra svAmI rAva u prAsiMha AjhAda 2. De. mahezacaMdra paMDyA 20 eka kiMmatI Atmakathana che. Ane yammI, anu. zrI. deveza bhaTTa 23 sAbarakAMThAnA satyAgrahI senAnI sva. 3. navInacaMdra AcArya 24 rASTravIra chelabhAInAM traNa advitIya itihAsa-kartavya che. amRta rANIMgA laghuvArtA : "rasula raMgUnavAlA" zrI. AnaMdakumAra ADe 29 suleha zrI, jayaMta kumAra mA. vyAsa mitra zrI. kAsama jakhamI ArtanAda zrI. cinmaya paTela 40 trIjA kinAre zrI. dakSeza dave, dIpa" zikSaNa ane kalAH zikSaNa (kacchI) che. maganabhAI Ara. paTela 45 zikSaNanA mAdhyama tarIke daphataranuM mahatva zrI. jitendra vI. zAha 48 gujarAtI sAhityakAronA vikAsamAM emanA zikSakanuM pradAna che. Izvara paramAra kacchanI kamAMgarI kalA zrI. saMjaya pI. ThAkara 56 ItihAsa-saMzAdhanA prAcIna bhAratavarSamAM sahiyAo vagere Do. caMdrakAMta ka. bhaTTa pa9 a. narmadAzaMkara de. mahetA 63 prAcIna upaniSadamAM nArIrUipaNa che. kAMtilAla ra. dave ' 4 bhAratIya prAcIna saMskRtimAM samAyelAM videzI tatva . hariprasAda zAstrI 7 prAcIna madhya ane Adhunika yuganuM zaherI Ayojana pra. jI. vI. paTela 70 bAra vAsaNa buca zrI. zaMbhuprasAda ha. devAI cha5 svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyane eka viziSTa kesa zrI. hasamukha vyAsa 81 1989 -nave. [ pathika-dIpesavA For Private and Personal Use Only

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sa`pAdakIya pathika 28 varSanI majila kheDI A dIpAsavAMkathI 29mA varSamAM praveza kare che. Aje enA AdyataMtrI sva. mAnasaMgajI khAraDa`hayAta nathI, paNa emanA amara AtmAnA AzIrvAda 'pathika' upara amIvRSTi karye jAya che e ame enA prakAzananu` kA` emanA avasAnanA ja mAsamAM hAtha dharyuM ane khIje varSe` sva. mAnasa MgajI bAraDa smAraka TrasTa'nI sthApanA karI AgaLa vadhye jAya che emAM anubhavI zakiye chiye, bezaka, pathika'ne kAyamI prakAzita thatu rAkhavAne mATe joitI anAmata rakama ame enA adhe mAge jamA karAvI zakayA chiye ane hajI adha bhAga sara karavAne che. Ama chatAM pathika'nA hitacitA amane kApyuM jAya che. koi eka paNa mahine hajI khAlI nathI jatA ke jemAM ochAmAM che| eka paN AjIvana sahAyaka noMdhAyela DAya. vArSIka grAhakonI saMkhyA paNa gatimAM che. varSa dahADe pAMca-dasa ghaTe to pAMca--dasa ochI thAya; ekadare sakhyA sacavAtI rahe che. amArI AdaraNIya ejansI sasthAo AmAM amane saDAyabhUta che etA amane sAbhAra Ana che. cAlu kA mATe jAherakhabarAnuM pramANa nahivat che, Ama chatAM dIpAsavI-aka mATe amArA gajA pramANe sa MtASa kahI zakAya. rAjakoTanA amArA AtmIya, TrasTa kuMDanA jANItA vakIla kavizrI pIyUSabhAi paMDatyA ane vaDodarAmAM hAla nivAsa karI rahelA vamAnapatrakAra zrI. avinAza maNiyAra, tathA pAradaranA amArA AtmIya zrI. nAthAlAla nA. taiyAralAnI jAherakhabare lAvI ApavAmAM noMdhapAtra sevA che enI sAbhAra noMdha letAM amane AnaMda thAya che. samaya jarA AkarA hAI AkhA pAnAnI AvanArI aDadhA pAnAnI Ave che, te! aDadhA pAnAnI AvanArI pApAnanI Ave che, paNa bhAve che ene amane sahateSa che. kAgaLanA bhAva asAmAnyarIte vadhI gayA haiI nAnAM sAmayike te tA gaLe TUMpA Ave evI paristhiti sarajAi che ene kAraNe nANAMnI kheca vartAya che, paNa parama kRpALu paramAtmAnI parama kRpA ane sva. khAraDanA puNyane kAraNe mamAruM nAva phrAnamAM paNa AgaLa cAlyuM jAya che. 'pathika'mAM AvatA lekhA vagerenA viSayamAM cokkasa maryAdA bAMdhavAne TrasTImaMDaLe nirNava karyAM. che, je vize agAu thADu sUcana karavAmAM Avyu che. kAvyo tA prathamathI ja 'dIpotsavAMka' pUratAM maryAdita rahyAM che. laghuvArtoe dara mahine nAnI meTI ApavAnA ravA rAkhyA hatA, paNa enAthI itihAsa-purAtattvanA ane anya sazodhananA lekhAtA bhoga levAte hatA. AmAMthI bacavA laghuvartAe paNa mAtra 'dIpotsavAMka'mAM ja levI. aa, tisamUlaka lekAttAMe levI, paNa varSomAM traNa thI vadhu nahi, jora sva. mAnasa gajInA dhyeyarRpa ItihAsa-purAtattva tema anya sAmAjika rAjakIya Arthika zaikSaNika vagere sazodhanamUlaka lekhe upara ApavuM. A viSayanA niSNAta lekhakrAnI 'pathika'ne dUdha che enuM amane gaurava che. hA, amArA eka siddhahasta purAtattvasI beMka preA, DaoN. hasamukha sAMkaLiyAnI amane bhAre khe!Ta paDI che, Ama chatAM acA' husamukha byAsa ane gujarAta ItihrAsa pariSadma tathA saurASTra kaccha itihAsa pariSadanAM burjhA adhivezane ane jJAnasatramAM rajU thatA abhyAsa-niba MdhonA lekhakanA amane sArA sahArA che. AmAM keTalAMka to uttama prakAranAM saoNdhata Ave che. A lAbha kolejo ane mAdhyamika zALAonA vidyArthI Ane maLe e paNa amArI upayegI thAya tevA lekha anya sarvasAmAnya vAcAne paNa emanA jJAnamAM vadhAre ArthI kAlente ane mAdhyamika zALAo te grAhaka rahe che, uparAMta anya paNa 'pathika'ne cAhe che e paNa amAre mATe AnaMda ane sAkhanA viSaya che. pathika-dIpAsavAMkuM ja 1989/ TI.-nave. For Private and Personal Use Only bhAvanA che. emane kare evA hoya prakAranA grA [cha

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pathika'nA sthApaka sva. mAnasajI Ara kacchanA hatA tethI pathika'nA vAcako kacchamAMnA temaja kaccha bahAra jaI vaselA kacchI bhAIo ane emanI sasthA paNa che. eTale dareka mahine kacchI bhASAmAM yA tA kacchane lagatA lekha paNa mApavAnA amArA niyama che. laghuvAttAMe baMdha thaI che eTale e nahi Ave, paNa sodha-lekhene te sthAna maLye ja jarI vadhatI jatI meghavArIne kAraNe amane kahevAmAM Ave che ke anya sAyAnI jema 'pathika'nu paNa lavAjama vadhAro, paNa ame ema karavA mAgatA nathI. dAtAe pAse hAtha lAMkhe karI sahAya meLavI laIzuM, paNa bhAva nahi vadhAriye, kAraNa ke 'pathika'nA meTA bhAganA grAhaka to kolejo ane mAdhyamika zALAo che, to gheADAM pustakAlayA paNa che; emanA bajeTanI paNa maryAdA hoya che. amane kacchanI kacchI sAhityasabhAnA mAna, pramukha zrI jemajI mayAranI che, te muMbaInA mAjI saiMyA ane kacchI AgevAna zrI, ravajI ke. gaNAtrA tathA zrI. kizanabhAI bhATiyAnI amArA upara amInajara che. lekhamAM DaoN. girIza vachIvArA, ane evatamAla(mahArASTra)nA kalAvida zrI, Ana kapUra ADenI mIr3I najara che. 8 ] Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir gujarAta-saurASTra-kacchanA nAmI ane navedita lekhaka ane kavine je tene mATe uparanA mahAnubhAvA sahita e badhAno AbhAra mAnI 'pathika'nA hareka navA varSanAM abhinaMdana Apiye chiye. merA bhArata mahAna javAharalAla neharU tanmarAtI Jawaharlal Nehru. Centenary 1889 1989 1989 oNkaTe.-nave. vikarAtuM vRkSa vikArazIla rASTranuM jIvaMta pratIka che. haralAla naherU vana vibhAga, gujarAta rAjya. sahAre satata che prakAranA cAhako ne -tatrI For Private and Personal Use Only [ pathikandIpAsavAMka

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jate nAzrI pIyUSa paMDyA, ti AvyAM che. hemanta desAI tane aMdhArAM bolAve lyo, Ama pharI enA e gulajhAramAM AvyAM, ke ajavALA' mahekI UThaya nA, e ja vahevAramAM AvyAM ! yA kaI zAMta kinArA teye joke ghaNI vAra samAcAramAM AvyA, tuM kayAMya jate nA. Ave" kahyAnI pUrve Aja kAramAM AvyAM! yugayugathI jUnI vismayanA raMga kIka hAza laI jaze khare, bhItaranI tArI tarasa chIpAvavA AvyAM vasaMta jema ne paLavAramAM AvyAM ! kaI eka ghUMTa pIvA lalacAto nA, pahelethI tame khUba suzobhita hatAM, haze, tuM kyAMya jo nA. Aje te vaLI zebhAnA majhadhAramAM AvyAM ! heya azvaviheNuM zAMta vyoma AvyAM, juone, paMkhI navAM kayAMkathI AvyA, ke ghaTATopa ghanAra, sarakAranA A vRkSanA zaNagAramAM AvyAM ! he chaLakUda karatAM jharaNuM svanuM kayuM ? nA, hAsya tame vevuM laherAtuM ! ke niraMtara sAgarane zera, uparathI tame manathI udgAramAM AvyAM tuM dharI avadhUtanuM mana akhaMDa che. sa. yuni., bhASAbhavana, rAjakoTa-5 vizva mahIM vicaraje ekalapaMDa, game cheDe. dhamendra mAstara, madhurama' kaI eka sthaLe salavAte nA, nayanamAM rame che, hRdayamAM game che, tuM kyAMya jo nA. vibhu ! tArA pratApe dute name che. che. Insa, gavarmenTa kavArTasa, rajakeTa-1 kadI vadhAre, kadI phUlasuvAse dIpotsava hai A De. bhAnu paMDyA tane jouM chuM tyAM AnaMda jhUme che, dhUmrasera dharI dhUpasaLInI kSaNekSaNa kudaratamAM tuM maghamaghe che, pUjana kAja padhAryo, jIvanamAM A saurabha mujane game che. umApatinA arthane kAje kadI cAdanI rAte, kadI aMdhAra gADha, jIvanamAM je Ave te saMcitakame che. sAvana sAdhu Ave ! aSADhanA tAMDavanIta janana zAMtipATha paDhAvyA, dharA-5 je zebhA-jharaNuM jhamajhame che, vikAradhana have bhaktine jhaLahaLa dIpa jhagAvyo ! te navanamAM rame che, hRdayamAM game che. | zikhara para dhajA banI lahera ! , sApa, kamAmA cakalA, bharUca-1 sAvana saMta padhAro! vanAnI lIlAmAM De himANa bhaTTa kera male kesaravaraNI lipi thaI cItarAya, maMdira maMdira maMjula strota rAMkara dhUna bahA! vananI lIlAmAM madhuna rase suMdara hase jamana bhItara-bahAra nacAye, vasaMta vyApelI kAvata-jharaNuM te ja dharatI! "brahmakumAre banI Ave ! anakanA haiyA pulakita thatA vanya banatAM. naTakhaTa naTara janma taNe zu ke dina yAda dilAya, nabhe 2 mA taje navala vasudhA harSa vitare, manamohanalAM manaDAne vajanA raMga lagAyA ! tyahI' ramyA karI manabhara gi citta bharatI bhItara baMsInAda bajA kalAnA AlApa dAnata saramAM a tarata me ! dIpotsava samIpamAM hI Aye ! ke, 3, rAmakRSNanagara, vIrANI hAIskUla pAchaLa cira, paMcavaTInagara, rAjakoTa-4 rAjakoTa - pathika-dIpatsavo] 198okaTe-ne, For Private and Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra saMpetro/zrI, AnadakumAra ADe AMdhra ja kaDa' milelA velA, I ja 'saspennA' DidhI ke, AMdhra dhRtarA cALa: AnaMdake sapane jo sa'sAra khapetA...!" hina gAma ke maunatrita Aya, najarameM harapala napharata Aya, snehalAya ravartatI jota varTa IM nAMya, jejI achata Aya. hatha lene sukha pa 'Dukha' DAi byA, pIDA paMkha phelAya uDI vizva, pyAsa chatarI Aya muke pIdhelA sAgara khapetA ! AMi dhRtarA cAna : "khAna ke sapanejosa'sAra khapetA !" mujI pIDhA mute khalaIte, dhilA jakhama mu.te' khAte, mi dharanu cheka masANa sudhI harapaMca haraghaDI dhadha miyAte, panakharake ghara pusana na ve, bahAra muMjo mana bhAre vizva, mi'dharme' vizva, jhera pidhA, paNa amRta hANe haradvAra khape ! AMi chatA cAjA : "AnaMa www.kobatirth.org sapane me sa`sAra khapete !" gharame khuzI vAra vii, aja tAM sunyI lamI saphara Ayu, kismatajI vI keDI mera, bahArame paNu sutyu ghara Aya hararAta janamakeda lagatI, DI paNa barbAda thiyetA, mAsuma dhaMdho mula Dila aja kAka sAdhAgara papetA ! AMI ja karuM milelA vedhA, i ja 'sapetrA' DidhI AMke, AMi chatarI cAjA : "AnaMda ke sapane jo saMsAra kharpatA !" The. capanavADI, jAjI cAka, evatamAla-445001 1+ ] Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir "raNunA bhramarogha lI. ema. mahetA (vasa'tatilakA) velIpratAna upare phUlaDu" hase che, suvAsa pAna karavA bhramA pase che. rAhI hatA raNa taNA anabhijJa gaMdha, mANela nA avanathI kadiye suMgadha. evA same thaI rahyo aruNA prakAza, pRthvI taNA paTa pare prasarI ratAza. joyAM hatAM kusuma AvaLa khIjaDAnAM, joyAM hatAM kusuma AvaLa keraDAnAM, jemAM na gadha, kurume naMdu raMga rAga, nA rUpa ke sahaja kesara pava. phUla hatAM sabhara Aja gulAba-mAge, vAtA hatA pavana maMda vasantarAje, tAjA gulAba manane gamatAM nihALI, mANI suvAsa alie anamAM nirALI. The. 6, kALubhA rADa, bhAvanagara-364002 patnInA vanapraveze zrI. izvaracaMdra bhaTTa (zikhariNI) ahA ! tuye tyAre pati anusarI dhauTa manathI pravezI keDIe vikaTa vananI sa MkaTa-ArI, badhAM prANI sAthe sahajakapathI vana karI jItI lIdhAM saune, tapajIvananI auSadhALA. sahI mUMgA DhaMye kaTu viSama nA doSa parakhyA, 'satIzI sevAmAM rata parizrame 'nAtha' rIjhavyA aneAkhA sasAre sahana karatAM vaibhava", maLyuM te lUMTAvI garaviNa teM gaurava dharyuM. have dAdIrUpe zizuTIkhaLanAM rIsa-chaNakA, sahe dhiMgAmastI, kara thakI sare jApa-maNukA, dIse AchI baMkI alakalaTa ke zveta jhalaka, ane mAMnI rekhA navala dAne saumya malake, kazA puNye vadhyA. sUci jIvananA teSa zilaE! jhage jhAjhu tethI vadana, sakhI ! saubhAgyatikSai, The. 'smRti', lakSmInArAyaNu maheAlA, valasADa-1 [pathikaTTIpAsAM 1989 oNkaTo.-navA For Private and Personal Use Only

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thaI nathI zakatI/zrI jayaMtI chekAI. rajhaLatA rUpanI mastI najAkata thaI nathI zakatI, amArA dilanI dhaDakana tamArI thaI nathI zakatI! dharAmAM thAya che saurabha, khaDakamAM thaI nathI zakatI, garajatA meghanI savArI amUlakha thaI nathI zakatI ! che. javAharaka, okhA baMdara-361350 rezamI DhaLAvAzrI. vArija luhAra haLavethI tuM zreya che ghoMghATamAM, sAme maLe tuM rezamI TeLAvamAM. barabAda dhumADe badhe gherI vaLe, vistAra mA hoya che basa AgayAM. ne sparzanA paDaghA tvacA jayAM sAMbhaLe, lehI vahetuM thAya che epAsamAM. ekAda khUNe sUryane je Athame, dariye pachIthI heAya che evALamAM. cAre tarapha paDaghAya pagarava sAMjano, 6 pachIthI hoya che basa AMkhamAM. che. khAkhariyA roDa, vaDiyA-364480 gajhala zrI. nalina paMDayA kAcane kahetAM kAca che, sAbe kahetAM sAcuM che, acaraja thAtI haDaselAthA, AMca kahetAM aca che. dhabakAre te vadhI jAya che, khaTake paDatAM khAMca che. dharma-dhuradhara dhana banuM chuM, phogaTa nA nAya che. dhasamasa para zA zvAsa Apaje! ema ayAcAra thAya che. pADa mAnaje A paththarane, zi05 agecara TAMca che, 6, nityAnaMdinI saMbhAyaTI, se. ra, amadAvAda- padhi-dIpillavo] 1989 kavi zrI. rajanI pAThaka kyAreka matI-gIta gAya che kavi, kayAreka nirjana DuMgaramAM bhame che kavi. kayAreka lagharavaghara kapaDe kare che kavi, kayAka bAdazAhI ThAThathI rahe che. kavi. kayAreka nabhamaMDaLamAM ghUme che kavi, kayAreka nihArikA-tIre rahe che kavi tethI kahetA leka haze jagatanAM : jaya nA pahece ravi tyAM pahoMce kavi. duHkhI-saMca azru vahAve che kavi, sukhI-saMga hasI phelAve chekavi. ethI kahe prabhu khuda gItAmAM manuSyamAM zreSTha bane che. kavi, jyAre bane aMdha adharmamAM mAnava tyAre pahele baMdha bAMdhe che kavi. saMskRti khAtara pote marI jaIne saMskRti sadA jIvatI rAkhe che. kavi. kayAreya nA bharate ke marAte kavi, kavi sarvavyApI che cetanasvarUpe. pralaya thaI samagra naSTa thAye muSTi, kavana thaIne jIvate rahe chekavi. che. esa-1, phaleTsa naM. 31, mIThApura-361345 gajhala. gajAnana paTela taraphaDe retI ane pagalAM maLe, mRganI tRSA ane jharaNuM maLe, nAma thALI, AMkha pAkI-zabda chaLa, lAgaNI vRkSastha thI hamaNAM mane, TeravAM romAMcathI chalakAya te ApaNA saMbaMdhane jharaNAM maLe. lAva, tArA hAranI tarase vasa, DUbatA sau bhAsane taraNA maLe. karIne mAlamAM khilakhila nagara, karSaka caherAtA nayana namaNuM maLe. The. Aja-kaeNmarsa koleja, cIkhalI-39651 -nave. [ 11 For Private and Personal Use Only

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kacchI vANIjo vIraDA/haridAsa ke. Thakkara piMDha jitarA pANI ginI, ge2e se' tu gAra, nakhI taLA na gArAje, tuM panne saMbhAra, peAtAnI jarUriyAta pUratuM pANI laI, gaLA paDe tuM gALI le. nadI-taLAva gALavAnI vAta kIka nahi, tuM pAtAnA pUratuM saMbhALI le. 0 rAma ce kAya, rahima cai, ce kAya jIdda mahAvIra, phruTa ghaTame veApe 'hari', I hikaDo ja prabhu te pIra. ta 0 'jarI varNa sapa bherI ta miruM!ti naSTajo Adhara, ja thaI sapanuM dhAra ta iname', 'vara khanAMmAM piDhajo ghara. (sApane zramuka mudate navI kAMcaLI Ave che tyAre e pAtAnI jUnI kAMcaLI utArI mUke che e 12 ] da sApanI kAMcaLI) jyAre sApa sa`gAthe hatI tyAre sau ene Adara karatAM hatAM, paNa e sApathI judI thaI tyAre emAM uMdarAe potAnuM ghara banAvyuM. sAzi e ja ke mahAna vyakti sAthe rahela sAmAnya vyakti (patighera rahela strI) paNa vadhu Adara meLave che, paraMtu e (sAmAnya vyakti) mAnathI bhramita thaI mahAna vyaktithI judI paDe che tyAre enA astitvane koI pUchatuM ja nathI. dhAstI tAM eDI kije ka jIM khira ne pANI; 'hari'hikAIse' bhirI vine, judhAI sake na krAya jANI. jema dUdha te jAya ane dostI tA evI karavI jeIe ke pANI ke je eka thaIne sAthe bhaLI judAI kaI jANI na zake. dhAstI ta! eDI kije ke jIM khira ne pANI, tapa ace ta pANI bhare ne 'hari' khira paNa 3 uphANI. destI evI karavI joie ke jevI dostI dUdha ane pANInI che, kemake dUdhane garama karIe tyAre emAM raheluM pANI kahe ke mArA mitrate-dUdhane AMca AvavA nahi dau', bhale tuM baLI jauM, mArI varALa thaI jAya teA vaLI dUdha paNa mitranI bhAvanA jANI evA ja pratibhAva vyakta kare ke mArA mitranI pahelAM (ene bacAvavA) hu' ja UbharAI jaIne agnimAM pa', paNa mArA mitrane kaSTa paDavA na dau', kharI detI tA evI ja hoya. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kAI rAma kahe, phAI rahIma kahe, kreI buddha kahe, saI mahAvIra kahe, paNa ghaTa-ghaTamAM pApele Izvara tA eka ja che, ene prabhu kahe ke pIra kahe. * 5khI cetA mADue ke : bhale' na vaLe ai sugnu; paNa maDa' ke na kaMpe, je' mathe asAMjo veNu, pakSI mANasane kahe che ke tamArAmAM dharmabhAvanA na hAya to khera, bhale tame caNa na nAkheA, paNa kramase krama kudarate ugADelAM jhADa te na ja kApe ke jenA mAthe amAruM besavAnu' sthAna che. 0 bhAvara miOM hikaDA thaI, haleA hilI-milIne, 'hari'vasaMta mAre jiyaNameM', ja jiyA khalI khilIne, bAMdhavA sahu eka thaI haLImaLIne yAlA, hasI hasIne jIve te jIvanamAM jarUra vasata maheraze ja. * jananI jaglR te jJAnI bhakta sura vIra ne dAtAra, sihu jeDA 'hari' mA ja bhalA, jeke mile purA pyAra. huM ananI! tuM evAM satAna jaNa ke je jJAnI bhakta zUravIra ke dAtAra hAya ane evA-saMdhijiyuM. gAliyu thiye jevAM tA e ja saMtAna sArAM ke jene pUratA khAra maLI zake. . na capa sure, na jibha hale, 'hari'saravA thiMge na ta; akhaye te, juve heta bharaiyA mana. kharA snehanI vAtA tA AMkhathI ja AMkha dvArA ja thAya, emAM hATha na hAle ne jIsa na cAle, vaLI kAna paNa sAbadA na thAya, mAtra khetI najarathI ja haiyAnI vAta jaNAI jAya. * bhArata mAtta bhAMDaru leAMtA hilI metrIne; 'ri'sukha-Du khame' bherA rajI, jiyAMtA khilI khIlane. [anusa dhAna pA, 14 me] - [ pathika-dIpAsavAMka 1989/ekaTA. nave. For Private and Personal Use Only

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narmadA-parikamA-saMbaMdhI kahevato : [saMkalana) saM. pra. bipinacaMdra ra. trivedI anubhava ane nirIkSaNane Azaro laIne za"- AgamanathI rahevuM muzkela banatuM; joke A parizilpa pAmelI narmadA-parikrama-saMbaMdhI kahevatamAM sthitimAM sudhAro thayo che. amuka sthaLe, vyaktio, sagavaDa agavaDanA citranI narmadA parikramA karanAra A sagavaDa-agavaDane lAkSaNikatAe sthAna pAmI che. narmadA-parikramA karato khyAla rAkhavAnuM che ke bhakta paNa lekavANInA AbhUSaNarUpa kahevatanA "ATA bhATA aMtara kAMTAkA nahIM ghATa.." khajAnAmAMthI muThI bharate bharata AgaLa dhape che. eTale ke leTa kAMkarA ane kAMTAnI khoTa naDatI nathI. ahIM narmadA parikramAmAM AvatAM sthaLe saMbaMdhI "narmadAmAM kaMkara eTalA zaMkara'nI raTaNa karanAra anubhavajanya kahevata joDakaNAM vagere ApyAM che te keTalAka parakamAvAsIo A yAtrAmAM khAya che vadhu, paikI keTalAMka dRSTAMtarUpe laIe : paNa paMtha kApe che e che. AvA ArAmapriya mane"kALI alaphI chUTA keza, e hI hai mAlasarakA beza." dazA pratyene kaTAkSa juo : saM. 1 mAM 18 varSanI ati dIrtha uMmare loTa bhara haganA aura sATA para calanA." avasAna pAmanAra mAlasaranA kapriya mahAmAM pakamAM karanAre khorAkamAM kaI bAbatane khyAla mAdhavadAsajI lAMbI kALI alaphI paheratA. emanA rAkha enuM mArgadarzana A kahevatamAMthI maLe che? vyaktitvanuM zabdacitra ahIM aMki thayeluM joI "TakI gaI cUMdakImeM, bhAta rahyo adharAta, zakAya che. bhalI bicArI daImAM rahe sArI rAta." sineranI jemAM ane udhAra bAju prAsa meLavIne ahIM ananI prakRti daryAvI che. je narmadAyAtrI A rIte rajU thaI che : khAnI kaNI(kukI) khAya te e jahadI pacI "sinera gAma zaMkaranuM ne upara bhagavI dhajA; javAthI jamyA bAda tarata ja bhUkhanuM du:kha satAvaze. khAvApIvAnA kheralA, basa nAhavAnI eka majA." bhAta khAya to vaLI adhI rAta sudhI nirAMta, paNa te vaLI lekajIbhe ramatA bIjA doharAmAM nAMdeda- pharI pAchI peTanuM bhADuM cUkavavAnI takalIpha thaze, (rAjapIpaLA)ne svArthI ane vajajavihIna gaNAvela paraMtu keTarI(I) levAmAM Ave ane pagapALA che. cANodanAM pAkA moTA ghATa, maMdira, dharmazALA- cAlavAnuM na hoya te rAta sudhI nirAMta! AgaLa onI tathA karanALInI bhajana-sagavaDane nirdeza paNa vadhatAM vadhatAM punaghATa Ave tyAM layamAM levAyo che : "punaghATa para puNyanA vAsA, "Da gAma nAMdeda ne zaTha gAma sinora, sAMja savAre ananA sAMsA !" khAvuM pIvuM karanALI ne rAta rahevuM cANoda." gumAnade thI nAnAsAjA thaIne guvAlI pahoMcatAM be IdravaraNA pAse gorA gAma sAmA kAMThe che. mAIla kApavA paDe bhUtakALamAM kahevAtuM ke havApANInI daSTie parikramAvAsIne jANe ke cetavaNI "sAMja paDe te sAMjalI jAnA, mata jaIe guvAlI; apAI che ke ahIM bahu thobhavA jevuM nathI ? khAnepInI rasallA, lakaDIkI divALI," gArAnA vA ne barachInA ghA; aMkalezvaranuM prAcIna nAma akrarezvara, paraMtu lekajIbhe ethI bace te garaDezvara jA." enI chabI kAMIka judI ja jovA maLe che. ahIM garAnAM barachI samAM kAtila havApANInA ghAmAMthI dayAnuM pramANa ochuM, paisAnI ja pUjA. svArthabacanAra mATe garUDezvaramAM rahevuM jokhamakAraka manAtuM, sagAIne kAraNe garIbane koI bhAva pUchatuM nathI kemake tyAM sApa vIMchI tathA hiMsaka prANIonA evI kaDavI phariyAda UbharAya che A zabdomAM pathika-dIpatsavo] 1989 .-nave. [13 For Private and Personal Use Only

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bigADa; aMkalezvara gAma, AtmArAma, [anusadhAna pa. paranuM cAlu jhAMpalI bhAgaLa, jhAlavaNa , ame bhAratanAM saMtAna sau haLImaLIne cAlIe garIba thayo te jIvato mUo.." chIe, sukha du:khamAM sAthe rahI hasI-hasIne jIvIe te vaLI anya sthaLanI lAkSaNikatA chIe. "aDela hajAtanAM madha pANI, lAva sareDAne zekuM dhANI; 0 jeje kama se u ja kare, harie tAM kare kheLe ghAluM pANI pachI jAuM pANI." niMDhI suIjo kama ve ta ute kare. kara tarAra? aMkalezvarathI kaMTiyAjALa javAne pAke raste pacIsa varSathI che. e pahelAM vAsanelI pachIte vimalezvara je kAma jenuM heya tenAthI ja thAya, bIjAthI sudhIne mArga kaSTadAyaka hovAthI kaMTALAjanaka banI na thAya, bIjo te bagADa kare. nAnakaDI seyanuM rahe, pasAra thanAra pokArI UThata : kAma hoya tyAre tyAM talavAra zA kAmanI? kata para jata para ne vimalezvara pharI na dekhADe paramezvara pi Dhaje ThekANe vaDA miDe ja ki pipiMho kama; bhAMgyuM bhAMgyuM te bharUca e kahevata jANItI | "hari tAra ute kure kare, jite rApI che. e uparAMta bharUcI bhapakaeN (svArtha daMbha) rUDhiprayoga cire cama? paNuM yAtrALune kAne paDe kharA. pota-patAnA sthAne dareka vyaktinI mahattA che, Ama narmadA-parikramAvAsI mATe anubhavathInA moTAI che. mocIne cAmaDInuM kAma karavA mATe "pI" AdhAra "sthAnika bhUgoLa" AvI kahevatarUpe leka ja agatyanuM upayogI sAdhana che, ene rathAne tyAM vANIe taiyAra rAkhI che. talavAra kAma na Ave. ke. koleja, jaMbusara-392150 0 vATa mathe vAya, Dhoya ce unI, koya ce tagI, mana thayuM zrI. jegena maNiyAra ja ubhiye namIne taeN, kare ubho Aya khAMgI, ataLane tAgI javAnuM mana thayuM ne te kaI pachIthI jIvavAnuM mana thayuM. rastA upara vAva (u) heya te cAlI cAlIne maMjhila na maLI, UMDI kahe, koI chIcharI kahe. jAhera jIvanamAM paDela deDavAnuM hAMphavAnuM mana thayuM. vyakti je sajajanatAthI-namratAthI namra banI UbhI badanasIbI ke tame magarUra che, rahe te kaheH ati-garajAu thaIne ubhI che. nokarI mujane je mUkavAnuM mana thayuM. karatI strI sTAphamAM-samAjamAM sau sAthe haLImaLIne bAraNuM eka baMdha bhItarathI hatuM, cAle te enA cAritrya vize zaMkAnI vAta thAya. zuM haze, e jANavAnuM mana thayuM. je sauthI alipta rahe te samAja ene ghamaMDIche. vaDhavANiyA zerI, merabI-363641 abhimAnI kahe.) The. hAIkula-kerA 370430 14] ' 198ka -nave. [ pathikanI pasavAMka For Private and Personal Use Only

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koThArevAra nAnajI zeTha zrI. ThAkarasI pI. kaMsAra hemAra puge niraMjana, dhidhara saMbharana, asI bAlu kacchajA aya, kaccha asAMje camana, muMjI mAtRbhUmine namanA -kavi niraMjana kacchameM abAsA tAluke siMdhajI sumariye ja zIlA rakSaNalaya dilhInA bAdazAha alAuddIna phoja sAme laDIne kurabhAnI vorI siMdhala abaDA aNagaMgAje nathI vikhyAta tAluke. i tAlukemeM kaThANa gAma, seTha kevajI nAyaka ne seTha gokaladAsa tejapAra jeDA potA putara ne dAnavIra seThije vatana. koThArA gAmanA bhATiyA vepArI khaTAubhA bhalA ne prAmANika. gharameM jagadaMbA jeDI suzIla guNiyala dharmapatnI ne kanaiyA kuMvara jeThA be putara. suraja mArAja huM jA padhAryA naMba, uge simeM sukarajo tAre camakIne raste maLyA che prakAza patharI ye Aya, ina TANe prabhAtajI uSA AkAje aMgaName sathiyA pUrI rai Aya. ina TANe chetaDI mAphavArI hikaDI baLadagADI maDaI zeraje baMdarame acI pugI. vela je gADI kahe vATA ubhI raI ne inameMthI piMjA-pijAvana vare uMmaraje hikaDo AdamI, pAMtrI-cArI vireja uMmarajI hikaDI bAI ne be chokarA utarIne kAMThe mathA AyA. baMdarameM the che. dariyAme hikaDo vaDe vANa lamI sapharalAya tayAra ubhe che. thoDA khyA vANa ne maLavA kaThejI najikame ubhA vA. vaDe vANaje mAlama kAMThe mathA ubho che. "arca. pugA, khaTAu seTha ? aje niMyA milyA che. kera muMbaI havAre Aya?" "muje vaDe putara nAnajI, baco Ava, bAre vareMjI umara maDa thaI Aya, paNa lAcAra aMIyAM, 2 vare lagalagATa DukArA AyA, vepAra truTI che, khetI purI paI, haraDI baMdha keNI paI. asIje gAma koThAremeM vepAra ke khetIme kiye kamANIne bhAre nAya. muMjI avasthA thaI. vaDe chokarake muMbaI havAIyAto. hikaDo ba vare meM ghANa vadho, asAMje gAmA mesarI bhagavAnajI saMbhAme baMdara mathA medacha-gadhiyANajI dukAna Aya. baMdarajA majura ne khyA najika retA InIke anAja rasakasa ne paracuraNa cijavasata vikeje dhadha Aya. vepArIke bhalAmaNa kaI Aya, inajI dukAna sApha-sapha keNI ne be ci dhe I kama dukAnaje karo Aya. najikameM visI Aya. jimeza saMghavaDa utA ciMdhI ne rAta dukAname savaDa vidhI, hina TANe jo keya raste naya." kiDAM A asAje bhA" ahI Ave." daI kAne nAna mATe pare lagane niMdra bhA tejapArake bheTayo. yajI akhiyuM meM sajA para umaTavA. mAjA AzIrvAda prApta karIne juvAna nAnajI khaTANe ke praNAma karIne kAMThe mathA mAlamajI najika acI ubho. ahI bIka rakSA hANe ke piyA, mAlama Aje Asare chaDiyA." "Asaro khudhA, seTha! bhAjI sAra-saMbhArajI jabhAbhadhArI muMja." keTejI musApharI Aya. bhagavAnaje bharese kareke paradeza khelAya choDayAM." pathika-dIpotsavAMda ] 189 ekA-nave. [15 For Private and Personal Use Only

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ajo saskraro DI sukanavatA mAya I asAMje gAma maaA zAstrI mArAja conAvA : 'seTa ! bhAA kismata khulI vedhA; lakhapatI thidhA.' ', "AMje meAme khana ne khara. bhagavAna AMnne bhalA kare, mAlama! dI hikaDo rupiyA ginA, cheAkarejI musApharIje bhADejo, vadhu na tA DaI sakAM. halA! ginajA.'' Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir "I kurA cAtA, seTa? / / bhAjI musApharIne bhAge? na ginArja, seTha ! AMi bhATiyA ne khAjA-miDe asAMA seTTiyA. aSTa mir3e asAMA mAitara ne asI AMjA vivA cennAo ne, bhA! ta huM'na' badhA khelAya acetA, kAMdhA ciMdhA. pAya biicAra mu bhai kAThI veMdhA sena TANe baje badhale paMja rupiyA maMtrI gidhAse, I rUpiyA kaladhAra bhale bhA ja khete 4 jArAya phikara makA, bhAke meAMdhI seThajI dukAna tAM AMchaDI aciMdho. seThake AMu sujAtA. bhalAmaNa karIne pAya bAge vAra vinsI bhAke nyArI karIne mai pAchA acidhA tina TANe AMke samAcAra pukhta dho." subhaImeM ace bAda paMja cha vare menAnajI pagabhara thai vyo. niMDhA bhAtejapArake muMbhai kADhAryAM. eya bhA vepArameM lakhu kamAyA, tejapAra khImArIme... gujarI gyA, tejapArA siMgara bhAla-putra gokaladAsa kAkA nAnajI1 sarakSaNu vAlIpaNu nice zikSaNa prApta karIne vA ya]. nAnajI zeThajI kAi saMtati na vai, unIjA avasAna puA kuTuma" lakhu jI milakatA zeDa gekuladAsa tejapAra svataMtra mAlika nyA The. gaMgAbajAra, nara- 370 110 pakaDAyelI mAchalInuM gIta'' zuM karaze. mAchImAra amane? dhruve amArI eka AMkha zrA bhekhaDa bhukko, bIjI sukkI reta, tamArI vaDavA dIdhI sUkhanA meriMga bharakhyA chatra sameta, thayA chI ujjaDa pArAvAra, have zuM karaze. mAchImAra ? sapanA jevI akaLa tamArI jALa-lIlAe zvAsa chalachala nAva mamArI bhariye mAhAvI lUTI, ame adhUre chatra gayA-zu` AkaLavikaLa, surve surve vaDavAnalanI jhALa haLAhaLa adhadhadha phUTI, phUTayAM jhaLahaLa saMpatti parapoTAnI peThe, hAtha tamAre ame nathI, che vIdhAyelA TahukAnA citkAra, kahA, zuM karaze. mAchImAra ! lahere lahe raNaamRtu A pAta have tA-aMdhAdhU be pakaDAtA mAghna-vIzake che ghughavATa samANu, lIlerAM gItAnI bharatI gaI esarI sAva avAcaka, khayu' soLe seLa kaLAe jIvana jIvavA TANu, have amAruM hAvu. sukkA dariyAkAMThe, pagale pagale DaeNme catI kAI khAlI chIpa to avatAra ! kahA, zuM karazeA mAchImAra ame teA ujjaa pArAvAra. kAsama janmI hUM. ATsa- kAmarsa kaoNleja, khaMDamA-3832 55 16 ] 1989 A TA.-nava. For Private and Personal Use Only | pathika-dIpAsavAMka

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sarakhejanA zrI zivarAma zukela gujarAtanA eka prakANDa pati] prA. rasikalAla ci. tripAThI sAmavedanA prakhara pati cirAma zukala kAMnA hatA, kaI jJAtinA hatA, kayAre thaI gayA, e praznonA uttara 'kRrtyAca'tAmaNi' nAmaka emanA ja yelA gAbhila gRhyasUtranA bhASyamAMnA e zleAkAmAM jaNAvyA pramANe zaka 1562 (sa. 1697)nA zrAvaNu vadhe janmASTamI ane guruvAre vizrAma zukalanA putra zivarAme 'kRtyaci'tAmaNi' prathanI racanA karI, e che. A uparathI samajAya che ke AjathI lagabhaga traNusA va pUrve vikramAbda 1697mAM zrI zivarAma zukala hayAta hatA. e samaye akabaranA potra zAhajahAM dilhInI gAdI upara virAjamAna hatA tyAre zivarAmanA janma vitra kiMmata tyAM thayA, paraMtu emanA dehotsarga kayAre thayA e kahI zakAya evuM nathI, paraMtu narmadAtaTe zukalatIrthamAM vasatA sAmavedanA abhyAsI, zrImALI jJAtinA zrI gaurIza'kara ojhAe zivarAma (vaze je mAhitI ApI che tenA sAra A pramANe cheH gujarAtamAM amadAvAda jillAnA sarakheja gAmamAM rahetA mADha caturvedI brAhmaNu zrI vizrAma zukalane tyAM zivarAmanA janma thayelA. kahe che ke bAlyAvasthAmAM A mUDha buddhinA hatA ne tevI lAMbu bhaNI zakayA na hatA, paraMtu zivarAmane mAtA baThAmAM bhAre zraddhA hatI; A vAta emar3e emanA 'samAdhinA' nAme granthanA maMgala zlokamAM TakAnA pharatI vandanA uparathI paNa pramANita thAya che; jemake "pitA vizrAma, gazupati ane jaganmAtA beMkone praNAma karI'' kaDe che. zivarAmanI patnI janmAnya hatI, paraMtu mAtAjInI kRpAvI e anthApA dUra thayA hatA . kaze. karAranI dhattA kaze nAcI eka daMtakathA paNa pracalita che : virAmanA bhaktanI prasanna thayelI aMbikA eka vAra maMtrana bhikSunA veze emane ghera bhikSA mAgavA gayAM. bAraNe ubhelA mikSukane joIne zivarAma pote bhikSA ApavA bAraNuM pahecyA. emane niNA ApavA taiyAra cakalA jona bakSuka kahyuM : "huM kazuM levAnI icchAthI Avyo nathI, huM tA tana ke ika AvA Avyo chu.'' ArAne sanajI gayA huM amanA ISTadevA chadmavaze AvI che, tethI amaNe kahyuM : 'javI ApanA AjJA ]" tyAre lakSuba kahyuM: "tAru mA ughADa, nAre amAM cUkavuM che!" 'huM tamArA kahyA pramANe karuM chatA alAre tA Apa tranarUpa bAraNu karyuM che tevA khApa kahyuM che tama karuM tA A sahAyA-varuddha cAya, mATe kAI bIjI AjJA karo!" jagadaMbAe kahyuM : "ema haiya tA tArA huthaLA pahALA kara, huM tyAM ghUsa, tevA a hAtha tuM je lakhAya ta yAcaMdradevAkarI TakI raheze !' Ama kahIne mAtAjI atavAna thavAM ! A banAva pachI zivarAma 'kRtyAyatANuM' vagere aneka grantha racyA, pazu tyArabAda peAtAnA granthAnu prAmANya (vALA pAse saddha karAvavA e petAnA grantha laine vArANusI gayA ne tyAMnA vidvAno samakSa amaNu pAtAnA anya rajU karyAM, pazu anthAmA ta pramANelI vidvattAthI IrSyAvaMza thayelA kANAnA paDatAe kahyuM: "tArA thI amArI samakSa zA mATe rajU kare che? jA, emane agnine svAdhIna kara! amA hAmyA pachI paNa jo e baLaze naddhi te ja ame e granthAna pramANu mAnIzuM !' ema kahevAya che ke e pachI zavarAme gAMgatIre mAzukAkAnA ghATa upara citA [ anusaMdhAna pA. 19 nAce ] pathi-dIpotsavAM 1989 **tA.-nava. | 17 For Private and Personal Use Only

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gijubhAI badhekA [bALakeLavaNInA praNetA] zrI dIpaka jagatApa, "aMkara" bhAratamAM bALakeLavaNInI zarUAta pUrvamAM kavivara ravIndranAtha TAgere prakRtinA zikSaNa dvArA Ama, te pazcima cheDe gujarAtamAM bALakane sAtaMtra vyaktitva apAvanAra, bALakeLavaNInA praNetA ane bALakonA gAMdhI" tarIke paMkAyelA ApaNA pyArA gijubhAI badhekAnI janmazatAbdI hamaNAM ja UjavAI gaI. 15 mI navembara, 1885 nA roja saurASTranA vaLA gAme audIcya brAhmaNa kuTuMbamAM janmelA girajAzaMkara bhagavAnajI badhekAe gujarAtamAM moTesarI-paddhatinI bALakeLavaNInAM bIja ropyAM. bhAvanagaranI zAmaLadAsa kailejamAM emaNe zikSaNa lIdhuM. 1806 thI 1912 sudhI eo AphrikAmAM rahyA. 1913mAM DisTrikTa keTa plIDaranI parIkSA pasAra karI vaDhavANa kempamAM vakIlAta zarU karI. 1920 mAM emaNe bAlamaMdiranI sthApanA karI. e pachI 1923 mAM bAla adhyApana maMdira" sthApyuM. 1925mAM zikSaNawtrakA' mAsika zarU karyuM. gijubhAIe bALa sAhitya upara asaMkhya pustaka lakhyAM, je paikI akSarajJAnayojanAnAM 5 pustaka, zikSaNazAstranA 30 pustaka, bAlasAhityanAM 140, ema 175 pustaka lakhyAM hatAM. bALasAhityanAM ApaNuM vizALa vAcana ane lekhanakArya karanArA ApaNA gijubhAI ekamAtra bAlasAhityakAra gaNAya che. I.sa. 1929mAM bAlasAhityanI sevA mATe raNajitarAma suvarNacaMdraka enAyata thaye, emane mane sAhitya eTale "bhASA, vastu ane zailI maLIne sAhitya sarjavuM joIe. hadayane DelAve, buddhine teja kare, jijJAsAne pive, AbhAne udAra banAve tevuM chatAM hasatuM ramatuM evuM hadayanA UMDANamAMthI jhaNajhaNIne jIvana zaidhavA mATe bahAra AvI gayeluM sarjana eTale sAhi5." gijubhAIne "zIdhraprayoga nATayapravRtti khUba gamatI. emAM dalo taravADI, miyAM phUsakI, sasAbhAI sAMkaLiyA, vagere bAlavArtAonA saMvAda nATaka-rUpe bhajavAvatA, vaLI bALakane kudaratI vAtAvaraNamAM prakRti dvArA zikSaNa maLe e mATe nadIkinAre ke DuMgarALa pradezamAM laI javAtA, jethI bALake kudaratane khoLe mukta vihAra karI zake, emanuM mAnavuM hatuM ke AvA pravAsa bALakonA mAnasika vikAsamAM madadarUpa thAya che. vaLI gijubhAI vAlI-saMparka aMge bahu sajAga hatA. eonuM mAnavuM hatuM ke bALakAnA saMpUrNa vikAsa mATe bALaka ane vAlIo vacce jIvaMta saMparka jarUrI che. e vAlIne maLavA emane ghera jatA, jethI bALaka kevA vAtAvaraNamAM rahe che enI mAhitI maLe ane e uparathI bALakane mATe je karavAnuM e vicArI zakatA. gijubhAIe bAlamaMdiramAM bALanATakone sthAna ApIne nAca krAMti sarjI hatI. emane Agraha hato ke bALako samakSa emanI vaya kalAne dhyAnamAM rAkhIne sahaja svAbhAvika hAvabhAva-sahita ane jemapUrvaka nATaka bhajavAvAM joIe, emanAM nATakamAM raMgamaMca na hoya te cAlatuM. paDadA mAIka lAITa vezabhUSA mekaapa vagerenI jarUra nahi. je sAdhana upalabdha hoya tenAthI kAma calAvIne uttama rIte nATaka bhajavI batAvatA e emanAM nATakanI saphaLatAnuM pramANa hatuM. bAlanATa dvArA gijubhAI bALakanI jijJAsAne ane kahapanAne paNa ApavA mAgatA hatA, e uparAMta bALakamAM rahele saMkeca dUra kare, vApaTutA lAvavI, zabdabhaMDoLa vadhArI bhASAvikAsa vadhAra, anukaraNa ane abhinavazaktine khIlavavI, e dvArA bALakone zikSita ane sarakArI banAvavAne emanA mAratha hatA. gijubhAI kahetA : "tame jANe che, nATaka dvArA huM bALakane zuM 1989 -nave, [ pathiA-dIpesavA 18) For Private and Personal Use Only

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kApavA mAguM che? nAnakaDI duniyAnAM nAnakaDAM ne ajANyAM evAM bALakone moTI duniyAne khajAno batAve che. jemane akhe che chatAM kharuM jovAnuM meLavI zaktA nathI, jemane kAna che chatAM kharuM sAMbhaLavAnuM maLatuM nathI, jemane jIbha che chatAM kharuM belavA devAmAM AvatuM nathI, jemane samaja che chatAM sAcI samajaNa meLavI zakatAM nathI e badhAM mATe jemane ApaNe taka pUrI pADatA nathI tevAM A bALakone nATaka dvArA sAcA darzaka, sAcAM vaktA zretA bahAdura ane baLavAna banAvavAnAM che." bALanA bhagavAna gaNAtA AvA gijubhAI jyAre Aje ApaNI vacce nathI tyAre bALajagata gijubhAI vinAnuM sanuM sUnuM lAge che. kharekhara samagra prathAmAM jo AmUla parivartana lAvavuM haze te sau-prathama bALakeLavaNI ane dRSTikoNa badalavuM paDaze ane sAcA artha mAM bALake AMkhe emanA vizvane samajavAno prayatna karaze te ja emanI janmazatAbdI UjavelI sArthaka gaNAze. astu. che. 3. sArasvata sosAyaTI, prophesara kelenI, rAjapIpaLA-393145 [anusaMdhAna pA. 18 thI] pragaTAvIne potAnA prakhya agnimAM padharAvyA! citAmAM badhAM lAkaDAM baLIne khAkha thaI gayAM chatAM zivarAmanuM eka paNa pustaka banyuM nahi ! agni zAna thayA pachI zivarAme e badhA graMtha 'gAmAM padharAvyA, e AkhI rAta jaLamAM rahyA chatAM savAre bahAra kADhayA tyAre kamalapatranI jema e bhIMjAyA nahi! kAzInA vidvAnoe e pachI zivarAmane abhinaMdana ApyAM ane emanA granthanuM pramANa svIkAryuM! A datakathAne bAjue rAkhIe te paNa zivarAma zukalanuM pAMDiya te svIkArAyeluM ja che. emaNe racelA ra nAma nIce pramANe che : 1kRciMtAmaNi (gobhila gRhyasUtro uparanuM bhASya), 2. subodhinI (gobhila gRhyasUvAnusArI karmakAMDanI praga-paddhati, 3. zAnticintAmaNi (prAga), 4. zAti citAmaNi (mUla mAtra), 5. zrAddhacintAmaNi (sarvazrAddhavizvaka nirNayo), 6. zraddhapaddhati (badhAM zrAddhone prayoga), 7. rucintAmaNi (laghurudra aMge nirNaya), 8. rUdrapaddhati (laghurudrane proga), 9. maMtracitAmaNi (tAMtrika karmanirNaya, 10. macintAmaNipaddhati, (A dUnika pUjana tema chatAraDI yantrapratiSThA vagere), 11. vratacintabhaNi (alabhya), 12. tacintabhaNipaddhati (alabhya), 13. Arthika kaSAdi, 14. mannAhmaNAntargatamatrANAM jagyAdi, 5. choko paniSa-vivRti. 1. karmadIpaviti, 17. zraddhaka vikRti 18. ratuLa kAnAnAM chidravitA, 18. puSpavivRti (pATaNamAM che evuM saMbhaLAya che), 20, zrAddha pradI5, 21. maDapasaMkalIkaraNa, 22. vAstuzAti, 23. dAnavAyasamuccaya, 24. nignikA nika, 25. smAta hemAdi proga, 26. AzaucanirNaya, ra7, gRghakArikA (bhila gRhyasUtranI paghavivRti). uparyukta prathasamUhamAMthI sudhinI' sAmavedInA badhA ja sarakArone lagatA amUlya vidhigrantha che. [A grantha I.sa. 1943 mAM mAtra rU. 3 nI kiMmate prApya ha, Aje enI kiMmata 3. 50 che ] e saMpUrNAna saMskRta vizvavidyAlayanI zAstrI - AcAryanA sAmavedaviSayaka pAThayapustaka tarIke niyata thayela che. noMdha : A lekhanI ghaNIkharI vigate "subodhinI paddhati' , " durgadata tripAThInA prAstAvika lekhane AdhAre lakhelI che. A pustakanA prakAzaka cakhambA saMskRta sIrIjha vArANasI che. gujarAtanA A vidvAna mATe brAhmaNatpattimADamAM nIce ullekha che; hataNAtA daLo ghare tArA vinAmo mAmale kRtana: II The. . je. vidyAbhavana, Azrama roDa, naTarAja sAme, amadAvAda-380009 pathika-dIpesavAMka] che. 1989eNka-nave. [19 For Private and Personal Use Only

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kAMtivIra svAmIrAva u pRthvIsiMha AjhAda che. mahezacaMdra paMDayA lagabhaga 200 varSa sudhI mA bhAratI aMgrejonI gulAmInI jaMjIrAmAM jakaDAyelI rahI. A jaMjIrane teDavA I. sa. 1857 thI zarU karIne I.sa. 1947 sudhI enA aneka saMto mAthe kaphana bAMdhIne medAne paDayA hatA. 1857 mAM jhAMsInI rANI lakSmIbAi, tAtyA Tope, nAnA sAheba vagerethI mAMDIne 20 mI sadImAM vIra bhagatasiMha, praphullacaMdra cAkI, caMdrazekhara, sukhadeva, rAjaguru, vIra sAvarakara, vIra udhamasiMha jevA aneka nAmI-anAmI sapatAe mA bhomane AjhAda karavA pitAnAM UnAM UnAM lehI rahyAM hatAM. evA zuravIronI yAdImAM tAjetaramAM vIragati pAmanAra krAMtivIra svAmI rAva urpha pRthvIsiMha AjhAdanuM nAma teja ravI akSarothI kotarAyeluM raheze. emaNe dezane AjhAda karavA mATe aneka yAtanAo ane kaSTa, jokhame ane vedanAo sahana karyA hatAM. pracaMDa zakti ane lekhaMDI mAnasa dharAvanAra e krAMtivIre emanAM parAkramo dvArA aMgreja sarakArane hacamacAvI nAkhI hatI. e mahApuruSanAM jIvana ane kAryone yAda karIne emane hRdayapUrvakanI zraddhAMjali arpavAne A namra prayAsa che, lagabhaga 300 varSa pUrve pRthvIsiMha AjhAdanA pUrvajo dukALane kAraNe rAjapUtAnAne cheDIne paMjAbamAM jaI vasyA hatA. I. sa. 1898 mAM paMjAbamAM bhAre dukALa paDyo hato tethI emanA pitA mAtra cha varSanA pRthvIne laIne brahmadeza gayA. Ama bALaka pRthvInuM bALapaNa rakhaDapaTTImAM vityuM. nAnapaNamAM eo AMbalI-pIpaLI, tIrakAmaThAMnI ramata vagere ramatA ane Dhora carAvatA. I.sa. 1905 nI baMgabhaMganI laDate dezamAM rASTriya jAgRti lAvavAnuM mahattvanuM kAma karyuM hatuM. eve vakhate pRthvIsiMha paMjAbanA krAMtikArIonAM parAkramothI AkarSAyA, emanAmAM dezaprema mATenI lAgaNI janmI. e arasAmAM paMjAba kesarI lAlA lajapatarAyane aMgreja sarakAre sajA karI hatI e jANIne 14 varSanA kizora pRthvIsiMhanA hRdayamAM Aga lAgI; e Aga AjhAdInI prApti sudhI jalatI ja rahI. emaNe kizorAvasthAmAM ja videzI dhUMsarImAMthI bhAratavarSane mukta karavAnA zapatha lIdhA ane ene ja jIvanakArya banAvyuM. emane lAgyuM ke bhAratavarSamAM rahIne e kArya saraLatAthI thaI zakaze nahi. e vakhate amerikAmAM bhAratavarSanA kAMtikArIo "gadara pATI" thApIne e dvArA hiMdane AjhAda karavA mathatA hatA. e vAta pRthvIsiMhe jANI. emane "gadara pATI"mAM joDAvAnI tIvra IcchA thaI tethI e aneka saMkaTo veThanA veThatA manilA thaIne amerikA pahoMcyA ane "gadara pArTImAM joDAI gayA. A gadarapATInA juvAna hiMdane AjhAda karavA koI paNa sAdhana vAparavA taiyAra hatA. eo hiMdanA krAMtikArIone zastro pahecADavAnuM kAma karatAM paNa khacakAtA nA hatA. gadarapATInA maraNiyA banelA keTalAka juvAne, khIsAmAM vivara ane kAratUse bharIne, krAMtinAM gIta lalakAratA lalakAratA TImara mAraphate hiMdamAM AvavA ravAnA thayA, paraMtu emAM kalakattA baMdare pilIsanA hAthamAM jhaDapAI gayA. AmAM pRthvIsiMha paNa hatA. emaNe siphatapUrvaka polIsane thApa ApI ane tyAMthI chaTakI gayA. e pachI lAhora thaIne aMbAlA paheyA. e vakhate emanI uMmara 22 varSanI hatI. Disembara, 1914 nA roja eo potAnA mitrane maLavA aMbAlA rAjapUta chAtrAlayamAM pahecyA. aMbAlAnI polIsa e chAtrAlaya para cAMpatI najara rAkhatI hatI tethI e chAtrAlayamAM pRthvIsiMhane joIne aMgrejonA maLatiyA lahanasiMhe pRthvIsiMhanI bAtamI polIsane ApI tethI tarata ja pilIsa InspekaTara amarasiMha sAdA vezamAM chAtrAlayamAM pahoMcI gaye. alamasta zIkha 2] ' 1989 -nave. [ pathika-dIpotsava For Private and Personal Use Only

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juvAna amarasi pRthvImi'hune ALakhI lIdhA, e inspekaTara badhI ja taiyArI sAthe AvyA hatA. eNe tarata ja pRthvIsiddha sAme rivelvara dharI, banne vacce jarA paNa aMtara na hatuM. amarisa Mha rivAlvaranA vADA dabAve e pUrve, philmamAM bane che tema, atyaMta apaLatAtI jhApaTa mArIne pRthvIsiMhai zilDara AMcakI lIdhI. e pachI banne vacce yuddha zarU thayu.. pRthvIsi' peAlIsa inspekaTara para savAra thaI gayA. have bAjI pRthvIsi MhanA hAthamAM hatI, paraMtu krAMtikArIone Adeza hatA ke bhAI paNa hiMdInA jAna na levA" tethI pRthvIsiMhaiM rivevara pheMkI dIdhuM. e takano lAbha laIne amarasiddha cappA sAthe pRthvIsiMha para tUTI paDyo, pRthvIsiMhanI garadana para dhA karyAM, trIjo ghA cUkavIne pRthvIsiMhe enI pAsethI cappu paNu AMcakI lIdhuM ane raghavAyelA si MhanI jema amasi' para dhasI jarjIne ene pakaDayo tathA dIvAla sAthe pachADyo, chevaTe mamasi'huM pAmI gaye ke pRthvIsi'Dune kabaje levA e leDhAnA caNA cAvavA jevu che. e banne khUba ja ghavAyA hatA. lAhInAM khAkheAciyAM bharAyAM hatAM, tethI e banne tyAM DhaLI paDyA. tyArabAda e bannene hrauspiTalamAM dAkhala karavAmAM AvyA. OMspiTalatA sarjana aMgreja hatA. zreNe palANyA vagaranA yAmane sAdhanAra mecInI jema pRthvIsi MhanI garadana para TAMkA lIdhA hatA. kArAvAsanI yAtanAo : A banAvane lIdhe pRthvIsine 10 varSanI bhAre kedanI sajA thaI, emane kremAM 3dI mATenAM jUnAM kapaDAM ApavAmAM AvyAM. emaNe jevAM e kapaDAM kha'kheryAM ke emathI asakhyuM "ju"nA DhagalA thayA. emaNe evAM gaMdAM, gaMdhAtAM kapaDAM paheravAnI mAnasika taiyArI karI lIdhI. e kapaDAmAMthI mAtra eka lageTa lIdhA, ene dhULamAM barAbara masaLyo ane e paherI lIdhA. e pachI bapAre 12 vAgye emanI samakSa 40 ratala makAI bharelo Dabbo mUkavAmAM AvyA ane hukama karyA ke sAMje pAMca vAgye tapAsa karavAmAM Avaze tyAre 40 tala makAInA leTa thavA joie athavA keraDA khAvA taiyAra rahevu paDaze. emaNe jelamAM kedI pAse daLAvavAmAM Ave che e vAta sAMbhaLI hatI tethI jelanA saLiyA sAthe hAtha ghasI ghasIne cA pIsavA taiyAra rAkhyA hatA. e tarata ja laMgATIbhera daLa mA esI gayA ane pAMca vAgatAM pahelAM badhI ja zakAI daLI leTanA Damme bharI dIdhA ane dhAbaLA ATI sUI gayA. 6 vAgye jela-adhikArI AvyA. U'zatA pRthvIsiMhane joIte be tADUkathA : "A samaya daLavAnA che, UMghavAtA nathI...athavA aa kaTakA paDaze." pRthvIsiMha khumArIthI UbhA thayA ane 40 ratala leTa bharelA DakhkhA hAjara karyo ! adhikArI jhaMkhavANo paDI gayo, paraMtu ene thayuM. khAmAM nIcenA bhAge makAI rAkhIne A badamAze upara loTa bharI dIdhuM che tethI DabAnA taLiyA sudhI hAtha nAkhIne eNe khAtarI karI. AkhA DakhkhA leTathI bharelA jaNAyA tethI jela-adhikArIe pRthvIsiMhanu dhAna rAkhanAra kedI vaeNrane dhamakAvyo ane pUchyuM; "sAcuM khela, A makAI kANe daLI che ?" pRthvIsihe vacce paDIne adhikArIne jazuAvI dIdhuM : "khAtarI karavI hoya to kAle AvIte mArI sAme beso eTale khabara paDI jaze cakI koNa pIse che." AvA chUTavIra ane himatabhAja hatA pRthvIsiMhuM AjhAda ! kALApaNInI kALI kathanI : AMdAmAna TApunI jelane 'kALApaNInI jela' kahetA. abAlAnI jelamAMthI pRthvIsiMhane vadhu kaDaka sajA ApavA mATe kALApANInI jelamAM mekalyA. A jelamAM khU`khAra tAkAnI kedIone rAkhavAmAM bhAvatA. A jelamAM kedIne nagna karIne mIThAnA pANImAM palALI rAkhelA kAraga phaTakAravAnI sajA karavAmAM AvatI, e mATe majabUta jallAda rAkavAmAM AvyA hatA. pathika-DIpAsavAMka ] 1989/4Ta-nave. [sa For Private and Personal Use Only

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ja9lAdane eka ja karaDe kedInI cAmaDI utaraDI nAkhate. kedIo TeranI jema barADA pADatA pADatA behoza banI jAya tyAMsudhI keraDA phaTakAravAnI sajA thatI. keTalAka kedIo A sajAthI mRtyu paNa pAmatA tethI phaTakA khAIne maravA karatAM bhUkha-haDatAla para jaIne maravAnuM mAthI kedI sohanasiMha sAthe pRthvIsiMhe paNa nakkI karyuM ane bhUkha-haDatAla zarU karI. emaNe anna ane jaLa bane tyAga karyo. e vyAkuLa rithatimAM sAta divasa pasAra thayA ! sAtamI rAtre emane lAgyuM ke pANI vagara have jIvI zakAze nahi! emanA paga pathArI cheDI pANInA vAsaNa tarapha khasavA lAgyA. pANI gaTagaTAvI javAnI tIvra IcchA thaI, paraMtu emanA aMtarAtmAe emane ema karatAM rALyA. eo pAchA vaLyA ane pathArI para pachaDAyA, paraMtu pANI vagaranI pathArI emane citA samAna lAgI. pharIthI UDyA, pANInA vAsaNa pAse gayA ane pAchA vaLyA. trIjI vAra pANI pIvAnI adamya IrachAthI pANInA vAsaNa pAse gayA. pANInuM vAsaNa hAthamAM paNa lIdhuM, paraMtu ene hArTa lagADavA jAya che ke tarata ja aMtarAtmAe baLavo karyo che jethI barADI UThayA ane bahAra pahero bharatA cokIdAra para e vAsaNa karyuM ne jamIna para DhaLI paDyA ! Ama mananI vivazatA samakSa AtmabaLane vijaya thayo. e pachI paNa e aThaMga rAjagInI rAjahaTha cAlu ja rahI. dhIme dhIme bhUkha tarasa cheThe vasI gayAM. 13 divasa pUrA thayA. emane aMtakALa najIka bhAsavA lA. evAmAM ja dAkatara AvI pahoMcyA. emaNe ATha kedIonI madada laIne nAka vATe rabaranI naLI mAraphate arthe zera dUdha emanA peTamAM revuM. haThIlA pRthvIsiMhe moDhAmAM hAtha nAkhI UlaTI karavA prayatna karyo, paraMtu peTanI AgamAM dUdha zevAI gayuM hatuM. e pachI to A nityakrama banI gayo. trIje divase pRthvIsiMha UlaTI karavAmAM saphaLa thayA. Ama traNa mAsa cAlyuM. e pachI ane jaLa sAthe vara paNa tyajI dIdhAM ane kaDatI ThaMDImAM nagna rahe khulI lAdI para paDI rahevAnuM pasaMda karyuM. emanA mitra emanA jIvana aMge ciMtita hatA. emanA parama mitra paMDita jagatarAme pitAnA lohIthI patra lakhIne emane bhUkha-haDatAla choDI devA vinaMtI karI. pRthvIsiMha ekanA be na ja thayA. pRthvIsiMhane hospiTalamAM jaIne samajAvavA mATe paMDita jagatarAme kAca khAdhA. chevaTe baMne mitra hospiTalamAM maLI zakyA. emanI daramyAnagIrIthI paNa pRthvIsiMhe upavAsa na ja choDaDyA. chevaTe aneka mitranI lAgaNIne vaza thaIne pRthvIsiMhane 125 divasanA upavAsa choDavA paDyA ! doDatI gADImAMthI hanumAna-kudako : ( I.sa. 191nA julAImAM AMdAmAnanA kedIone bhadrAsanI jelamAM laI javAmAM AvyA. tyAMthI paNa khaseDavA mATe pRthvIsiMhane kalakattAnI gADImAM besADavAmAM AvyA. gADImAM bharI baMdUke traNa pilIse emanI cokI karatA hatA. polIse e hAthakaDI choDIne emane paravAnagI ApI. saMDAsamathiI pAchA pharatAM emaNe joyuM ke polIsane ghatA hatA. kSaNane paNa vilaMba karyA sivAya pRthvIsiMha 30 mAIlanI jhaDape deDatI gADImAMthI kUdI paDyA. emanA goThaNa chelAI gayA. thoDe dUra jaIne gADI bI. polIse goLIbAra karyo, paraMtu pRthvIsiMha te AMkha ADA hAtha dharIne, tharanI mAthA pUra vADa kUdIne eka garIba madrAsInI jhUMpaDImAM saMtAI gayA ane gADI nirAza banIne dhImI gatie AgaLa vadhavA lAgI ! pRthvIsiMha madrAsInI ke madrAsI pRthvIsiMhanI bhASA samajI zakatA na hatA tethI cAlAka pRthvIsiMhe InkilAba jiMdAbAda" ucArIne khAtarI karI ApI ke te AjhAdInI laDatanA krAMtivIra che. garIba madrAsI pAse emanI bhUkhane saMtoSavA pUratuM anAja paNa na hatuM. pRthvIsiMha madrAsInI kuhADI vaDe 1989oNkaTe.-nave. [pathika-dIpesavA 22) ' ' For Private and Personal Use Only

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eDIonAM 'dhana temAM ! e pachI 16 varSanAM vahANAM vAyAM ema chatAM agreja sarakAra emane pakaDI zakI na hatI. I.sa. 1922 thI 1930 sudhI bhAvanagaramAM emaNe vyAyAmanI pravRtti calAvI, vIra bhagatasiMha sukhadeva ane rAjagurune phrAMsI maLI tyAre pRthvIsi Mhai ene virodha karavA muMbaInA lemingTana raeNDa polIsa sTezana para humalA karyAM hatA. e vakhate sarakAre emane pakavA mATe rU|. 1000,nu InAma jAhera kareluM, paraMtu ee pakaDAyA na hatA. emaNe to sadAna nAmanA sAdhu banIne Akhu akhAjI ane rAjasthAnamAM AjhAdI mATenI cUI dhakhAvI hatI ! I.sa. 1931 nA me mAsamAM karImamAM nAma dhAraNa karIne raziyA javA nIkaLyA. mahumaalInA nAme kAbUla rahyA ane e pachI peAla ricArDa mArkonA nAme raziyAmAMrAja kAraNane abhyAsa karyAM, nArAyaNadAsa nAmadhAraNa karI peIMDIcerI AvyA. have emanI trAsavAdanI caLavaLamAMthI zraddhA DhagI gaI hatI tathA I.sa. 1938 mAM gAMdhIjInI samakSa AtmasamarpaNa karyuM. e pachI ja deza ane duniyAne emanAM rAmAMcaka parAkramanI jANa thaI hatI, svAmIrAva, dayArAma, svAmI sadAna, karImakhAna, mahamadaalI, pola ricArDa mArkA, nArAyaNudAsa ane izvarIprasAda ThAkura vagere aneka nAmA dhAraNu karIne tathA vAravAra vezapa karIne jokhamI jiMdagI jIvatAM jIvatAM pRthvIsiMhaiM Ajhade dezane AjhAda karavA mATe pAtAnuM samagra jIvana sama pyu hatuM. bhAratanI AjhAdInA itihAsa vIra pRthvIsiMhaiM AjhAda jevA aneka nAmI anAmAM krAMtivIronA uSmAbharyA UnA UnA lehIthI bhInA khatale che. krAMtivIra pRthvasiddha AjhAda vIragatine pAmyA che tyAre dezane AjhAda karavA mATe emaNe pahelo yAtanAene yAda karAta, dezanI AjhAne AbAdImAM pheravavA mATe yAtanAo sahana karavAnA nirdhAra karIne emane sAcI zraddhAMjali arpIzuM. astu. The. itihAsabhavana, sau. yunivarsa*TI, rAjakeTa-360005 eka kiMmatI Atmakathana mArA mate hu game teTalA dRDha ho` ke Izvara sudhI pahAMcavAnA meM apanAveta rastA sAco che evuM mAnatA paNa DrAuM, paNa sAthe sAthe e pazu dhAnamA rAkhavu joie ke mArA patAvela dhArmika AdhyAtmika mAna paNa sImAe che ane bIjI e bIjAee apanAvela mA kharekhara nathI evu ne hu mAnate aa tA e bhUsabhareluM che, thAsesTanI pArebhASAmAM mAre kahevu' hAya to ema kahevAya ke mArAthI ema na manAya ke bIjAe apanAvela mArga Izvara sujhAphelA nathI. kadAca evu' paNuM khane ke mArA karatAM emanA mA vadhAre pUrNa ane prakArita hoI zake che. uparAMta mArA ane mAMrA paDozInA rastA judA judA hovAthI amArA vacce aMtara che evuM mAnavu paNa khATu' che, kemake aMte tA ema judA judA mArgAvI pazu eka ja Izvara pratye javA prayatna karI rahyA chIe. ApaNe badhAM eka ja paramAtmAne meLavavAnA uddezathI jIA judA abhigama apanAvI potAnI jiMdagIne paramatattvanA Adezane adhIna thavA vALI rahyA chItre. ApavuM Ama e te mAnavuM joIe ke AAtmaka dRSTie tA ApaNe batAM bhAI-bhAI chIe ane tethI ApaNe bhAIonI jema ja vartavu' joIe. sahiSNutA pUrNa tyAre bane ke jyAre e premamAM pariName. [anu. zrI. deveza bhaTTa] pathika-dIpe sAMkuM ] 1989/ TA-nave. For Private and Personal Use Only Do. ArnolDa TAyamI [ 23

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sAbarakAMThAnA satyAgrahI senAnI - sva. DaoN. navInacaMdra AcArya - sAbarakAMThA e gujarAta rAjyane mahattvane jile che. A jillAmAM meDAsA etihAsika ane vepAranI daSTie mahatvanuM sthAna dharAvatuM nagara che. hAlamAM e enI vidyAkIya pravRtti mATe jANItuM banyuM che. A nagara amadAvAdathI lagabhaga se. ki.mI. IzAne AveluM che. A nagaramAM svAtaMtrya senAnI mathuradAsa gAMdhIne janma thaye hate. gAMdhI-kuTuMba moDAsAmAM agragaNya gaNAtuM. mathuradAse emanI prAthamika keLavaNI sAbarakAMThAnA DemAI gAmamAM lIdhI hatI. emaNe zarUAtamAM zikSaka tarIke kAma karyuM hatuM. dhIre dhIre emaNe pitAnI kuzAgrabuhithI rUpAsa sInAvADa merI vagere rAjyamAM kArabhArI tarIke potAnI sevA ApI suMdara vahIvaTa karyA hatA. tyArabAda eo svAtaMyanI caLavaLamAM joDAyA hatA. zarUAtamAM ane rAjakIya bhASaNa karatA. emaNe dhIre dhIre svadezIne pracAra karavA mAMDyo, A daramyAna eo dhIre dhIre vepAramAM joDAyA ane prAmANika vepArI tarIke nAmanA kADhI, A pachI dhIre dhIre e vepAramAMthI samAjasevA tarapha vaLyA. A kArya mAM emane mADAsAnA suprasiddha keLavaNIkAra mehanalAla gAMdhIne sAro sahakAra maLe. dhIre dhIre eo bhAratavarSanI AjhAdInI caLavaLamAM rasa levA lAgyA, 1917 nI sAlamAM hemarUlanI caLavaLe bhAratavarSamAM vega pakaDo. moDAsA zrIgAMdhIe A raMgamAM revuM. ma. gAMdhIjI rAjendralAla ane kapAvAnI sAthe rahI caMpAraNanA kheDUtone nyAya apAvyuM. A pachI e AjhAdInI caLavaLamAM sakriya banyA. bAraDolInI caLavaLamAM emaNe talabhabhAIne suMdara sahakAra ApyuM. A pachI e sAmAjika kAryo karavA prerAyA. A mATe emaNe meDAsAmAM rahevAnuM pasaMda karyuM. moDAsAnI myunisipala cuMTaNI jItyA ane emAM bahumatIthI cUMTAyA. * e svadezInI caLavaLamAM kAma karavA lAgyA. dArUbaMdhI, apasyatAnivAraNa, savinaya bhaMga tathA 1942 nI caLavaLamAM eo sakriya rahyA. eo e aneka vAra jelavAsa seze. emanAM kAryomAM emane caMdulAla buTAlA, parasotamadAsa, ramaNalAla senA, pUnamacaMda dozI, megharajanA pUnamacaMda paMDayA vagerene sakriya sAtha sAMpaDyo. emaNe sAThaMbA pAsenA sADha gAme gAMdhI maMdiranI sthApanA karI reTiyApravRtti cAlu karI. khAdInuM vecANa vagere kAryamAM gAma lekane suMdara sAtha sAMpaDyo. arapRsyatAnA prazna emanA kAryamAM dhADI oTa AvI, paNa emaNe gAmalekene koI dAda A po nahi. ema sarva kAryakaro dhagazathI kAma karavA lAgyA, oDhA maMdiranA kArya mAM bhatrIjA bo bhegIlAla gAvo ane haribhAIne sarakAre pakaDI lIdhA chatAM paNa emaNe A kArya khUba dhagazathI cAlu rAkhyuM. mathuradAsa gAMdhIe cauda varSa sudhI judAM judAM dezI sajAmAM nekarI karI hatI, A dezI rAjyamAM merI meDhAsaNa dadhAlayA sItavADA vagere mukhya hatAM. ahIMnA rAjA e potAnI Avaka vadhAravA judA judA prakAranA kara prajA upara nAkhyA hatA. rAjyamAM ja judA rAte khaTapaTA cAlatI hatI. prajA AnAthI trAsI gaI hatI. emanuM kaI raNIdhaNa na hatuM. rAjAnAM AvAM kAryo virodha karavA prajAe makkama niradhAra karyo. * dAdA(mathuradAsa) A samaye moDAsAnA eTale briTiza rAjyanA vatanI gaNatA. moDAsAnI AsapAsane moTo bhAga IDara rAjyane hatA. mevAsAnI AjubAju IDara satAvADa mArA TITeI 1989 -nave pithika-dIpasUvAMTa For Private and Personal Use Only

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ziSa bAkaTa pAla ane pradezanA rAjAo emanI dhajAnI sukhAkArInI viruddha ghaNA vera nAkhyA hatA. prajA adhama rIte jIvI rahI hatI. rAjAe rAjayane badhe pase pitAnAM mejarIkha pAchaLa kharcatA, rAjyanA hitane avagaNatA. rAjyanA adhikArIo aneka rIte prajAne kanaDatA hatA, te dhIre dhIre dAdAnA kAyathI prajAmAM jAgRti AvI. muMbaImAM prajAmaMDaLanI sthApanA thaI emAM vatamAnapatroe sAro bhAga bhajavyuM. mathuradAsa gAMdhI enA agragaNA kAryakara rahA. aneka varSo yAda ghaNA saMgharSa pachI prajAne vijaya thaze. rAjAone prajA AgaLa namavuM paDayuM. prajAmaMDaLe pitAnI sarva mAgaNIe rAjA pAse kabUla karAvI. Ane dhANe me pale vADAsineramAM 5. che tyAMnA rAjAe ghaNuM amAnuSIya karaverA prajA para nAkhyA hatA. emaNe prajAne mana phAve tema luMTavA mAMDI hatI. vAsineranA navAbane nATakane zekha gajabane che. prajA pAse baLajabarIthI siddhi levaDAva. prajA rAjAnA AvA trAsathI kaMTALI gaI hatI. prajAnA pratinidhione mana phAve tema raMjADatA. prajAe mayurAsa gAMdhI pAse phariyAda karI. mathuradAse jyanI hadamAM dAkhala na thavuM tathA vADAsinora ThI tAla cAlyA javuM vagere jatanI dhamakI rAjA taraphathI mathuradAsane maLavA lAgya, mayurAse AvI dhamakIone na gaNatAM prajAnI sAthe rahI rAjA sAme saMgharSa Adaryo. Akhare prajAne vijaya tha, lIre dhIre prajA rAjAnA trAsamAMthI mukta thavA mAMDI. emane baiSNava dharmamAM khUba zraddhA hatI. eo dhameM kaSNava ane karma hiMdu hatA. e bhAratavarSanI ekatAmAM mAnatA. jelavAsa daramyAna emaNe pitAnuM nityakarma cAlu rAkhyuM hatuM. ane vAra emaNe jelavAsa bhogavyuM hatuM. jelavAsa daramyAna emane pezAbanuM darda thayuM hatuM. A dadathI e aneka vAra herAna thayA hatA. chevaTe A daIne lIdhe (tA. 6-4-53) emane svargavAsa karyo, ' emaNe pitAnuM samasta jIvana bhAratavarSanI AjhAdI meLavavAmAM khacI nAkhyuM hatuM. AjhAdInA dinamAM emaNe mAsAne kendramAM rAkheluM. emaNe meDAsAmAM bradharahuDa lAibrerI, mahilA maMdira, moDAsA keLavaNI maMDaLa vagere sthApyAM ane pagabhara banAvyAM. samagra dezanamAM emane musalamAne sAthe sAro maLe hato. emaNe hiMdu-muslimanA bheda maTADavA ghaNA prayatna karyA hatA... [manuMsaMdhAna 5. 28 nuM cAlu. gaI sadInA gujarAtanA itihAsamAM potAnAM AvAM traNa mahAna viralA ItihAsabhyo dvArA janasevA karanAra chelabhAI aka "mahA mAnava' tarIke mahI ucerA mAnava hatA. janatA emanAmAM mAnavetara devavanuM AropaNa karatI, emanAmAM "camakAraka devI zaktinuM AropaNa karatA. emanA mAnavatAyukta ane dhama vakta AcaraNanA kAraNe e lAka-tapasvI' ane lekavI tarIke lelakathA kisAhitya ane lekakavatAmAM prasthApita thaI gayA hatA. ao "zivarUpa jati" "bhagavAna parazurAmane avatAra' vagere kahevAvA, emane davA sahAya che ema manAtuM. hinduA emana deva tarIke "zarA- tema ke "jevo joga dara" tarIke, te muslime emane pAka pIra ke khudAI AhavA tArI mAnatA. mAkavitAmAM e mana mA beDalanA, devA AzApurAnI ane jagadIzvaranA tathA jAmavalA dAtAra ane sAMja gamanathAnA sahAya che ane kahevAtuM hatuM. janatAnA hadayamA lAyasAhatyamA, lekakathAo ane lokakavi dvArA devatAI .lekhAya nImalAi mAnavatA ane daivI guNethI vibhUSita hatA eTale lepatAmAM chelabhAI mAlo rAjA tarIke prasthApita thayA, nara dhAre te nAsavarNa thaI che e kahevata che lAge che. jI hatI. che. A keleja, upaleTA- ja For Private and Personal Use Only

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rASTravIra chelabhAInAM traNa advitIya ItihAsakartavya janmazatAbdI vaMdanA] . amRta rANuMgA saurASTramAM aneka vIre thaI gayA che, paraMtu vIra chelabhAI pratye janatAe aDhaLaka premane abhieka zA mATe karyo ane adyatana yuga sudhI chelabhAInI smRti zA mATe akabaMdha rahI che? A mATenAM ItihAsa-kAraNa tapAsavAM paDe. e yuga bhayaMkara aMdhArayuga hato. videzI briTiza zAsana heThaLa ane rAjarajavADazAhIne julmanA othAra heThaLa janatA bhayAnaka asAmAjika ane asuronA trAsathI trAhimAma pokArI gaI hatI te kare ne vasame samaye janatAnA tAraNahAra vIra tarIke chelabhAInuM aitihAsika prAkaTaya thAya che ane asAdhAraNa janasamarpita vIratva dAkhavI janatAne abhaya-kavaca pradAna kare che tathA janatAnA vIra tAraNahAra tarIke advitIya ItihAsa-kartavya bajAve che. saurASTranA lokasAhityamAM AthI ja chelabhAIne saurASTranA zivAjI, rANA pratApa, saurASTranA siMha, janatAnA tAraNahAra, garIbonA belI tarIke janaabhiSeka thazelekabirUda prApta thavAnuM ItihAsa-kAraNa e ja che ke chelabhAInuM zaurya koI rAjaya chatavA ke rAjAne jitADavA ke rAjAnA rAjyane pradezaviratAra karavA madada karavA athavA janatAnI kaleAma karI digvijaya karavA mATe na hatuM, chelabhAInuM viratva julamagAra ane prajA pIDakethI janatAne mukta karAvavA mATe samarpita hatuM, duSTone daMDa devA tathA narAdhamonA nAza mATe lekaka9yANakArI zauryuM hatuM. AvI ja kaMIka paristhiti mahArASTramAM chApati zivAjI mahArAjanA samayamAM utpanna thaI hatI. asuronA AtaMkathI trasta janatAne vIra chelabhAImAM chatrapati zivAjI mahArAjanAM darzananI jhAMkhI thaI ane janatAnA tAraNahAra tarIke itihAsamAM aMkita thaI gayA. AvA advitIya vIra chelabhAInuM bIju itihAsa-kartavya e aMdhakArayugamAM krAMtikArI samAjaparivartaka tarIke hatuM. e aMdhakArayugamAM jyAre manuSyanI manuSya tarIke keDInI kiMmata na hatI, samAjamAM ghaNAM kAraNe sara kumArge gayelAM, kuchaMde caDI gayelA ane mAnava maTIne dAnava banI gayelAM lokone sanmArge pAchI vALIne samAjamAM punaHsthApita karavAnI bhAvanA ke vicArane udaya ja tha na ho tyAre vora chelabhAIe virala vIrava dAkhavI parAsta karelA dAnanA hRdayamAM mAnavatAne pradIpa pragaTAvIne udhAryA ane aneka AvAM vipathagAmI tane hevAnamAMthI InsAna banAvyAM tathA samAjamAM. upayogI banAvI darajajo apAvyuM. vIra chelabhAIe dAnavone mAryA hatA enA karatAM tA hatA enI nAmAvali bahu moTI che ane A badhI preraka pAvana punata kathA e sarvatra vyApaka rIte prasiddha che. "nAnA navAbe" kahevarAvatA ane samagra gIrane anavikRta kabajo laI beThelA khUMkhAra osamANa ne hedunI baMdhubelaDI, bhayAnaka abadale jarakha, kALajhALa allAdAda, deva dAnavavagerene uddhAra karyo. pArasamaNi-samA vIra chelakAInA paze kathIra-samAM dayA kaMcana banyA. enAthI paNa sAvazeSa rIte te jaMgI jugAra khAnuM calAvate ja jugArI mAnava te banyA, paraMtu enuM hRdayaparivatana evuM thayuM ke e ja jugArI dharmakathAkAra "jaTAzaMkara mahArAja' tarIke sarvatra pUjanIya banI gaye, bhale marda nAmanA 1989ITonave. [ pathika-dIpesavA For Private and Personal Use Only

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phakIranA vezamAM khUMkhAra DAku vIra chelabhAI IzvaranA ArAdhanamAM magna hatAM tyAre dagAthI hatyA karavA AvyuM hatuM. A samaye chelabhAIe ene kSamA ApI ane mahaMmada pUMkhAramathiI enuM hRdaya parivartana evuM thaI gayuM ke e sAcesAca phakIra banI gayo tathA alAhanI IbAdatamAM magna banyo ane sarvatra pAka phakIra tarIke saMmAna pAme. dAnavone mAna te banAvyA, paraMtu mahaMmada khUMkhAra ane jarA jugArI jevAne mAnava uparAMta mAnavathI vizeSa mAnavottara Izvarabhakti pratye tallIna banAvI emanAM jIvana dhanya banAvyAM. dAnavanuM mAnavAmAM ne mAnavanuM mAnavottara UrdhvIkaraNa karavAnuM mahAna ItihAsa-karta ya chelabhAIe e aMdhakArayugamAM siddha karI batAvyuM, je vartamAna janajAgRtinA yugamAM paNa asaMvita banela che. emanuM trIjuM ItihAsa-kartavya te savizeSa rUpathI jhaLahaLe che. e aMdhakArayugamAM haju te gAMdhIjInA Agamanano uSa:kALa ho, lAla-bAla-pAlanA paDaghA"svarAjya mAro janmasiddha adhikAra che"--saurASTranA aMdhAraya rAjArajavADAzAhInA othAra heThaLa haju sateja saMbhaLAtA na hatA, AvA kapara samaye vIra chelabhAI mahAna rASTrabhakti ane rASTravIranA svarUpe pragaTa thaI savizeSa ItihAsa-kartavya bajAvavA mAtA bhAratInA muktiyajJanI Rvija tarIke ugra rASTrabhaktipUrNa ItihAsakartavya dvArA navA svarUpe, rASTradhamI lokasevaka tarIke pragaTa thAya che. gAMdhIyuganI jhAlara bajatAM vIra chelabhAIne rASTradharma bajAvavAne mArga jaDI gayo. rASTramukita kAje rASTravIra chelabhAIe ugramAM ugra Ahutio ApI hatI. saurASTra saLagAvavAnA naThArA manasUbA sAthe jyAre gerI hakUmate soraThamAM verAvaLa khAte . goradhanadAsa sahita pAMca dezabhaktonI hatyA AyAta karAyelA asAmAjika briTiza AhujUre dvArA karAvI tyAre samagra deza khaLabhaLI UThayo hato. gAMdhIjI sarakAra sahita rAjunA netAo ciMtita banyA, Ave samaye ugra rASTrabhakti dAkhavI rASTradhamI chelabhAIe jalatI javALAmAM kUdI paDI, briTiza hakumatane chaMcheDI lalakArI hatI ane hatyArAone prANadaMDa dIdhA. uparAMta rASTriya kAryakaro ne netAo ne rAjArajavADAMzAhI pradezamAM pravezavAnI manAI hatI tyAre rASTriya ane krAMtikArI kasevakone Azraya ane rakSaNa rASTrabhakta chelabhAInuM maLyuM hatuM. rasevikA mRdulA sArAbhAIne chUpI rIte rakSaNa ApI sarahada pAra karAvyAM hatAM, te zahIda bhagatasiMhanA sAthIdArane gupta Azraya Apyo hato. A badhAM briTiza hakumata sAme ughADI bagAvatanAM chelabhAInAM ugra rASTrabhaktipUrNa rASTasevAnAM kArya hatAM. itihAsamAM A tabakko bhAratavarSa ane samagra vizvamAM maTI krAMtikArI UthalapAthalane hate. vIra chelabhAI, krAMtikArI samAja parivartaka chelabhAInA itihAsa-kartavyamAM rASTriya ane krAMtikArI rASTramuktisaMgrAmamAM virala kartavyanuM choguM have umerAyuM. vizvanI mahAna amerikana krAMti, raziyana ane phrenca krAMtie, AIriza mukti AMdolane 4 rA jagata mAtra nI dalita pIDita zeSita janatA sAmrAjyavAdanI gulAmInI zRMkhalA teDIne mukta thaI rahI hatI, A vizvavyApI asarathI bhArata mukta na hatuM. mahAtmA gAMdhIjInA bhAratavarSamAM AgamanathI A rASTriya juvALa para carama sImAe pahoMcI rahyo hate. AvI itihAsa paristhiti vacce satata vikAsazIla itihAsa puruSa chevabhAI A badhA kAMtikArI ane rASTriya raMge raMgAyA, viyAre ghaDAyA ane yA homa karIne briTiza sahatanAne ughADo paDakAra karyo. vaLI vIra chelabhAInAM lagna saurASTranI sAmAjika ane rAjakIya jAgRtinA Adya cetAvaka, kAThiyAvADa hitavardhaka sabhA" ane "kAThiyAvADa rAjakIya pariSada (saurASTra koMgresanA Adya sthApaka tathA gAMdhIjInA sahAyaka ane mArgadarzaka, vaDIla baMdhu-samAna Aptajana ItiDAsaprasiddha berisTara pathika-dIpotsavAMka | 1989/ekATe.-nave. [ 27 For Private and Personal Use Only

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dalapatarAma bhagavAnajI zukananI putrI sAthe thayAM. AnAthI pazu rASTrabhakta chelabhAI mahAtmA gAMdhIjI ane saradAra paTela vagerenA nikaTanA saMparkamAM AvyA. sAthe sAthe saurASTranA javAhara gaNAtA krAMtikArI vajubhAI zukala ane kakalamAI kAThArI vagere sAthe krAMtivIra cheRRbhAInA sapa ane saMbadhA kaniSTha anyA tathA krAMtikArI sa'dha mATe chelabhAinu mAnasaparivatana paNa thayuM. briTiza hakUmata sAme ubrADI bhagAvata bAda rASTrabhakta chelabhAI rAjakoTanA pratihAsa-prasiddha satyAgraha thatAM emAM kUdI paDyA. A satyAgraha-samaye gAMdhIjIe ekavIsa divasanA anazana paNa karyA' hatAM; ugra rASTrabhakta chelabhAIe tyAre mahAtamA goMdhIjIne nija Ata saMpUrNa rIte samarpita karatI, viThThalagaDha-satyAgraha thatAM ene chelabhAIe doravaNI ApI, lAThIcArjathI ghavAyelAonI pAte jAte sevAcAkarI karI. A daramyAna briTeza kAtara kherIthI rASTranA lADIlA sadAra vallabhabhAI paTela para khUnI humannAnuM bhAvanagara khAte prajApariyAnA adhivezana prasaMge kAvataruM rayAyuM. rASTranA saddanasIbe saradArazrI bacI gayA. samagra bhAratavaSa mAM hAhAkara thaI gayA, gAMdhIjI javAhara rAjendrabAjI te mahAdevAI desAI-sahita rajjUtA netAe! ane rASTranI janatA khaLabhaLI UThayuM. AvA rASTriya vipattinA samaye rASTriya netAoe A kAvatarAkhore te pakaDInaziyata karavA rASTrabhakta chelabhAI mATenI bulaMda prajAkIya mAMga uThAvI. A samaye briTiza sarakArane prALa janamata pAse mRkavuM pADyu. ane chelabhAIe A kAvatarAnI pakiANa karyAM tathA naziyata karI, AnAthI gAMdhIjI saradArazrI ane netAo pramunta thayA tathA samagra bhAratavarSamAM rASTrabhakta chelabhAInI prazaMsA thaI. saradArazrIe chelabhAIne "rASTravIra'" evuM prajAkIya biruda ApyuM.. have AjhAdInA uSa:kALanuM TANuM' AvI rahyuM hatuM. khetALIsanI krAMti vakhate chelabhAInI rASTriya kAryakara ane netAgye pratyenI sahAnubhUti tathA ataraMga dhaniSTha saMbaMdhe, netAjI subhASa badhuM zailezabhAyu sAthenA chelabhAInA kuTuMbavat sabaMdhe ane netAjI subhASa jyAre bhAratavaSa mAMthI aMtardhAna thayA tyAre chelabhAi ane netAjI subhAlanA baMdhu sAthenA aMgata sauMparkane kAraNe briTiza hukUmata chelabhAI kaNAnI jema khUMcavA lAgyA hatA, tyAM tA AjhAdIne ukALa AvI paNa yeA. jUnAgaDhanA navAba pAkistAnamAM bhaLI jatAM chelabhAie jUnAgaDhanA navAbane satya samajAvavAne niSphaLa chatAM rASTrabhaktipUrNa prayAsa karyAM, bhavI vyAkula ane hiMjarata karavA sudhI trasta bAbariyAvADanI janatAnI vahAre bhAvanagara rAjyanuM zastradhArI daLa laine helabhAI sarahade paheAMcI gayA ane vIra chelabhAIne joine janatAmAM prANasamAra thayA tathA hiMmata AvI gaI, vaDoda5tA gAyakavADane paNa rASTrabhaktipUrNa salAha ApI rASTrakavya ajAgyuM. AvA asAdhAraNa ane tIya traNa mahAna itihAsa-kavya bajAvanAra rASTravIra chelabhAI krAMti paNa hatA. je vakhate rASTriya muktasagrAma laDAtA hatA tyAre svAta Mtrya svAdhInatA ane svarAjayanI AjhAdI prApta karyAM bAdanI dRSTi tema ci tana ane spaSTatA vize bhaTTa ja echI AchI pAtaLo samaja hatI evu' dezanA dheTalAka daSTivaMto vicAratA hatA teeAmAM rASTravIra chelabhAI paNa hatA. chelabhAie kahyuM hatu ke "ApaNe deza ravataMtra thAya e ja Asa nathI, svAdhInatAnAM suphaLa keTalAMka leAkeA ja bhegave te sAmAnya Ama samudAya vacita rahe ane pUrNa stratataMtratA na kahevAya; evA surAjyanuM nirmANu thavu joie ke jemAM taLiyAnAM garIba lokonA uddhAra thAya, garImAne anyAya tema lUTakaTa ane sarva prakAranI asAmAjika DAkugIrInuM astitva ja na ya. ApaNe saue AvA bhadra rASTranuM nirmANa karavAnuM bAkI che,' 28 ] 1989 oNkaTo.-nave. For Private and Personal Use Only [nusaMdhAna vA. 25 nIce [pathika-dIpotsavAMka

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rasUla raMgUnavAlA zrI. AnandakumAra ADe cAra AnA, cAra AnA; kAya paNa cija cAra AnA !" rasUla hakisAM belecha suraAta meM, se ravajIbha ke sibhANa na. paThale cAra meNethI hI hIM ja kivi kiMdhe che. ravajIbhA piMDhaje manake vArejI kesisa ta kayAM, paNa ja InInuM na sevANu ta InI gharavArI hirabAI, hakala karene o : tuM vincIne choka caI aca, Inaka raDuM sovAje natiyuM. mAmulI cijavasata vikalAya heDI dhamAla macAyata se Aya kuro? pAMjA peTA ja pAMje suNe natA ta I paje kera varaje bAra rADa pAya te bhale pAya. AMu celAya vinyA ne tatavadha thaIye to? phaTapAthavArI haTa DIje chore, pAMje 4 suNe ta thaI re." hirabAI ke ravajIbhAi gAla bhAsa na, paNa te chatAMya kAM kaMdhene gAla patAyalA halI nika, rala beTA ! tA vaTe vAyasara Aya? prAyamasa vAyasara phiTI o Aya.' "hA, jijImAM ! vAyasara Aya. be vaTAnu cAra AnA ginAM, rAMke panare paIsemeM DipaeNse." bhale! khAsa ve se Dija, niMdra vaDe hu ta ghalAya hiMne ne?' hA, jijamAM !' tuM au take ki gatidhisa! AMu ta hite ja dha aMIyAM." vibhA bAra AyA ne akhiyuM kaDhaNa lagA, ravajIbhAi ratI akhiyuM rasUlake gamavuM na to Ina hirabAIka pucheH "jijImAM ! kAkA kuro celA maMgetA ? "kAkA i ceMtA kahite bero karavira thiye. bhAvatAla ke InIMnuM sovAje natiyuM".. "jijamAM ! AMu gharameM acI karene reDa pAMIyAM na te. hI ta haTa Aya. bole vagara kamabdha che kI ciMdhe ? hara hara be se te che capaTa thaI che. inIMnuM sevAne nAte temeM AMu karo kariyAM? phUTapAtha mathe vepAra kariyAM che. mAla vikalAya viThe aMIyAM. phuTapAtha chaDe kita vinyAM ?" phuTapAthavAre se phUTapAthavAre ! ruAbase galiyuM kariye te ? hakAle Dise to khabara pAMdhI !' kAkA ! muM paMNa DiThA aMi hakAlevAra! "are paNa paje chore padane suNe ta hI pherIvAre kI suNa che ? aMI gharameM hale." prAyamarAje 55 sudhArelA ghaNe mAthAkuTa kayAM, paNa phAvyA na take haribAI rasulavaTe vyo. beTA rasulI vAra ta, bha| hI ke vAyasara Dine Aya? bharAbhara re nate !' hirabAI prAyamarAje pampa ane vAyasara rasUlaje hathameM dhei gAla kA. rasula ba miliTa khe vAyasara verAva kine, kita paIsa DiyAM ?' paisA na khape, jijImAM! misTeka muMjI ja hui. be kI khape kare te jA.' hirabAI ghara kerA pAchA vareA take kAkA sAme milyA. vicAko, vAyasara bhadhalAya Di ane pampa khAsa kare Dine." hirabAI hathameM je vAyasara vatAyAM ane gAla kayAM. pathika-dIpesUvAMka] 1989eNka-nave. [ 29 For Private and Personal Use Only

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paMja che paise je mAmale. vAyasara bhadhalAya Dine meM upakAra ne covAje' "AI Ina ImAnadhArI kabhUla ta kariMdhA ka na? bhase tIM, paNa cheka ImAnadhAra Aya. Ina garIba chokare mathe ke rasa Aya. vicArejI niMDhI haTaDI Aya. kuTapAtha mathe dharyo che Aya. I tI pUrI kare. ne AI haMi puThiyAM mA a!" hirabAIjI akhise mamatAjA asa chilakANA ne ravajIbhAjI akhiyese rosa chilakANo. 'tuM muke samajAya !" gAla vadhe ne telAya hirabAI rameM halayA ve. ravajIbhAke rasUla thakI cAya piMkelAya milai ne cAya mike svAda phiTI che. lArIvAre kare mathInu gharameM aNubhanAva ghara kare che. ravajIkAkAje ghara juga-june Aya. chatarata narthei ja ThekANA A naMi. emAme te ghara co korAnuM cu. ravajIkAkA mAmulI nokariyAta ne ubhA mA huvA. riTAyara thyA tenuNuM inIke pensana miletI. tamene gharaje kharace pure kariyetA. juga june gharake ripera karyo te bhukhyA roNuM paDI hAlata che. je ja ne ja ghara tI ubhe Aya. kAM dhusI pAse rAma jANe! dharake durasta karejI paMca naya ne ghara mamatA baMdhANI Aya, teMse ghara vikaNe IchA 5 nAya. "game tI' thiye, AphatameM paNa gharake saMbhArIne viThe huja !' bApA eDI bharAmaNa ke vI. - gharameM zAMtise na copaDI vacce sagAje ka na se gAla kare sagAje ! raste mathe datarI rAhadhArI vadhI 5i huI ane rIvArA kuTapAtha mathe aDo jamAya karene niMThA vA. niMrI nikI harveijI bhAja2 2ANI huI, kivi pAra na reo ve, temeM vArI revAke avAjaja elara roga lAgu paDe che. avAja suNI suNIne the karavadara kiraNa lage e DI hAlata vaI. kiyADI kuTapAtha Dakhe te kaDhI viNa lage ne rAjabhAna savANu na to polisacokIme takarAra likhAya AyA. hika polisa saje DI rasUlaje agiyAM puThiyA phira che o. pilisake DisIne ravajIbhAjo mana khusIse phalANa, paNa be DIM te pelisa ne rasulake merA viI jAya pidhe DilI vyAM ne InI je mathA pha. basa bhaka bhaka keNa lagA : "cAya pidhelA mA maratA, nIca, harAmI." ke, phare che varI ? hirabAIke phaDaka piI se puchaNa lagA. rasula ne polisa Tesase cAya pitA. sarakArI mA kuke paNa gumavata vagara natA hale ! "cAya ane rusavato kuro sabaMdha Aya ? hI ta suru Ata Aya. cAyajI karAmata te DiThe naya. zera agara gharameM ace ne pAM cerake cAya pirAI ta cara cerI kara vagara hada vijo ! hI I kure to ? matalabhaje mAmale matalabhI bharAbhara samajete kIMka sirAyaNa ve ta kIMka DipaNu paNa pe. hika kapa cAyacha karAmata nyAraNI ve ta laI, vatAMIyAM.' virabAIje hatha jhalena ravajIbhA gharamenu bAra AyA. pilisa ubhe ja . ravajIbhA e : "pelima bhA! hina chokareje kIka bhabhasta kajA." "sAheba! muM tAM ghaNe kosisa kaI samajAyache, paNa napaTa samaje ja nato.' ke? AMthI thiye na ta AMI DresalAya vijo ne AMI paNa haTaDI jamAya karene phuTapAtha varSa re, ta nita DIM AI hika beMke milIne cAya pirAya sargadhA." 1989 okaTe--nave. [ pathi- da tsava 30 } For Private and Personal Use Only

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'sAhela ! hu ce mathA ma mAre khape ta i namara teATa karene ceqIme' kariyAda kare sagAtAM ! tatavadha vadhI na je te lAya hirabhAi ravajIbhAjo hatha lene dharame kAMThe nyA. 'tuM phulAya vicameM mathe mAriyetI ?' 'AI mutro ke! na tA? AMke cAM tI, hIpelisavArA ta phuTapAthavArena gulAma thyA mai. sarakAra pagAra DetI niyAM vadhu ta chatI ke hI phuTapAthavArA ciMtA. kAnUna pAMlAya Ava, pA camelA vinyA ta mAM cAlAna thai vinyAM. cupacupa plA hunna. mathe mAreidhA ta mA jhuDo pedhe. kAdhA ce- te kahuiye mathe ma mAree ! kAya blyuDo Aya. kAnUnane hatha jhavAsIta drutha kADDA samajo...' te hI krama cAra meNe sudhI hIte hIM ja hala dhA re. ravajIbhAjI dhuniyAM bhalAI vaI. gharana mADu bhakSI vyA. meM koya paNa inIjo sugula na A~. hirabAi rasUla vaTAnuM cijavasata mAMgaNu lagA. che. gAliyuM' kegu lage, te che.rI nisArajI jeTaleke niyA DinelA rasUlake bhA bhAe na na aa ke vai, na jata. phakta raso mArjilA sukSmava miNIje manate asara kare vyA. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir sajI jamA 217mAM azatru? cAvaDaSNAte ane vaDapaName hikaDe niDe cherese, phuTapAthavAre raselarsa' padhArI e ne 217mAM rui . gharavA miDa puSTha phirAya vidyA. kAraNa ? ravajIbhAjI gherahAjarIma raphela gharameM' AcI dharA kama karAve. A dhAmamANu ayI pe ta sAmeje khuNetA khape se khaNI cidhA vA. chuTA pasA ta ina vaTe kAyama rAdhA ja vA, khape to' chuTA paisA DidhA vA. ukayAra rupayejyuM DA naTu myAnuM hikaDI neTa bheTI nikarI 54. traSNA TANe ravajIbhA dhare AyA, magaja tapelA ja vA ne cauNu lagA : hI neTa phrATelo ne Aya. harAmI bhadhabhAsase panArA pee Aya..,' rasUla bAMyaNema' cIte ubhA re. ravajIbhA gAriyu dha dhi thakA ta, rasUla ce : ' kAkA ! gAriyuM khuTI pakhyuM ke thakI rai ?' 'tuM hitAnu halyA vinga.' mAM 5 railAtha AyA naprayAM. utro AMke hikaDI ne bhulase hiMnI vajI, IkhATI mATa pAchI ginelA A aprayAM. kAkA ! kheTI mATe pAchI karA. ravajIbhA khoTI neTa ghA karyAM. hirabAine harakha maname mAvANu na ta`` EtI aaN : rasUla 1 tu hI khATI nArajo kure kArane ' kaka vepArIke Dai hiM dhAse' ! itare tuM bhavamAsI karate ?' 'OM ta mAke tyAre karane badhamAnI karatA, jicchamAM kArya pApa nAyara uta 5.5 sekI bhalA ?' vepArIke khetI nATaka tame paiso kamAyatA. kAkA ta imAno pardasA mAMItA !' imAnadhArIse kramAMItA khaMtare ja tAM gharacha hAlata kharAba Aya, pApajI kamANI kamAya te tejo ghara jhagamagATa karatA. hI kheATI neTa De rame vedhI, jilTamAM! hurAmajI kamANIvArA sAjI nATo hisAba rakhe nate, paN patItejI kamANIvAre ke hiko rupiyejI kheATa paNa merI akharetI. jiMgamAM jIkA vila DeDAM te u ta paNa vAMDA ne juke, samagra bhanetA te'lAya jAnajo pathika''dIpAsavAMka 1989/e kaTA. nave. [ 31 For Private and Personal Use Only

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dhusamaNu paNa thiyAtA.' rasula vedhe vaidhe gAla ke te AkharamAM zabda zuM DhAke sugrAmo huvA tI" kAkA kArA najara karene halyo vyo. ravajIbhA ta miomi Mja susI reA, pazu IlAja sujhaMdho na ve, gharameM sudhArA kare zeDayu gAliyu ta ghaNe vaiyuM. chekarI uMmaralAyaka thaIne paNa kamaveNu vA. karIke dhamajI bhimArI va dhArI kamANIjI TukI cAdaraOM citrAnsu thargADayuM. laThyuM. vayuM. juga-june gharake TI.bI,jo dharaSa lADu o ve. rAgajI trai pAtharI dUra karo chAra dharatIke praNAma karelAya kazuM namI pAMdhA tejo bharese ree na ve. ravajIbhArka para saMbhArane viTho Aya ka gharake ravajIbhA sa'bhArane viThA a'I samajaNa muzkila vai|. ghara ThIka karelA nTrATI pase! rupiyeme' tayAra thyA ve. pasejItavija karelA ravajIbhA bAra vinyaNa lagA taDeM phuTapAthate' hullaDa macI pa4. ravajIbhA bArImpAnu najara kayAM ta miDe pharIkhArA hraTIjo sasamAna bherA karete-bhadhA huvA, pelisavArejI lArI dabhI vai. rasUla paDhane samAnajo ke chArA nIce rakhene jye samAna bhere karelA dhADuM kANuM bhA. ravajIbhAje maname vicAra zAyA : hI ja TANu Aya. hANe khAse lAgameM AyA Aya'. ravajIbhA gayAM ve te Trake hatha lagAyeluM, rasala dhADadho AyA te ca !'kAkA! AMkheM hI karAtA karyo ?" rasula Trake lejha kaeNsisa ke 'asAMje gharameM... kAlAya Ave? hI kurai| phuTapAtha Aya ? A karane 21jIbhA Treke khArImenu bArA dha! kAM, polisavArejI lArI vajIbhAje ghara sAme ubhI va. mADu gheADI AyA. hudaDa macI pii, mAla lArIme bharANu. rasula gama khAi vyo. cupacupa nyAdhi re. pelisavArA jItake lArIme verAya karene khaNI mA, pAraDI rasUlajI haTaDIjo sarasamAna veravikhera thai byA. ravajIbhAje maname vA tI ja thyA. rasUla rakhaDI pyo. hatI ke mArI khuzI thai. khuzIme... ne khuzIme AmAMpherA karaNa lagA. terMI khArImenu inIjI pAkiTate najara parNa, pAkiTa khaNe karene nyAyaM ta pArkiTame'nu se sojI pAMja ne surI paiyu. neTu me" kara-Ta lage tI" ravajIbhAae dhAsta jAdha AyA. Ina paisejI tajavIja jarUra ke vahune eka vicArase ravajIbhA vinmelA taIyAra thyA. zrI vijayA sAme ja habhI 14. ina ce 'madhA ! AMi rasulabhAne ke hu Iye phUgAya DinAM ' ravajIbhA pi'Dhaje vicArame' pyA vA. ItI je hathame paI sejo pAkiTa ve. pAkiTake phlAme` thA karyAM te dharma'nu khArA pyA. 'AMu hera'I pAcho macatA. kanTrATI ace ta inake dharame verAMIjA, ' hirabAI miMdharanuM pAM! varyAM, kabATa keza plAna ye! to inoke pArkiTa DekhANu, ajarajase nyAre ta mija sA sAcha paMja te Tu', 'lagetA, paisejI tajavija thai vaI Aya..' I caya karene rasoDe dvArA varyAM taOM" viSayA ce : 'anna adhA rasUlabhAje samAnajo ke phugAya DinAM vicAOMo raNe nukasAna thai pyA. 'hI dudha ku tI ce'?' ne tina ja TANe' kanTrATI acIne ubhA uM, acA ace. khAsA thyA mAM TANe te AyA vyA, Dera'i aciMdhA. nA, bheNa ! hI viThuMnne vakhata nAMya kAkA mujo kama karyA hunA ?' eDavAnsajI gAla kAMtA 'hA, bheNa ! hatI ke ce na u cAra DI vAta nyAriyAM. eNDavAsajI tajavija thaI vinge ta Adya kArigarake kramate acelAM cAM!' 32 ] Lecetid.na. [ pacikanIpAlsavAMka For Private and Personal Use Only

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paisA karTIlA khaNa AvA aMi I sAcI karene haribAI pAkiTanA pachI kAThIke haI DinAM. kansArI rasida Dine. kATI halyo che ane paMja ja miliMTe meM ravajIbhA AyA. hirabAIke te ravajIbhA vaTe kanTrATI ane paisA suprata kayAM tejI gAla keNI huI, paNa magajame te rasulajI gAla halaMdhI haI. ravajIbhAke inI pele ja savAla kayAM : "rasalaje kare che? rasula ane kure kiTAya ve? ane je samAna aI kigAya DinAM ?' kaMdha kaDhIne haladhe pe se kaMdha jhurI !' "ake I na keNu . garibhajI puThata paga Dije, paNa garibhaje patata kaDe paga na Dije. ghaDapaNameM ake hI karI sujhI? pAMje che koNa viThI Aya. inalA AI kure kyAM ? ane juko kAMi che te ja ja hatha kapI vidhAM? "te ke paNa I chokaro vale lagete ?" "Inase ake itarI napharata kula Aya! rAMka choko Aya. piMDha pUrate kama yate. paropakArI paNa Aya. hite khUba madhadha karatA. inajo ja udhe vAre kare ne vera vAya ? muke dhA lagete !" dhA? kure che ? I kure kari che? I ma co. meNo . ina ceM ve. dhila che te take jAna paNa Dise ane dhusaNa huM te ma phAdheise ' mathe phADi dhe? pepabAijo rAja Aya? inake ta polisavAra chalI vyA aMdha. paNa ravajIbhAjI gAla adhurI ja raI ane puThiyAMnuM avAja suNelA miH kAkA." svajIbhA puTha vArane nyAya te sAme sula ubhA che. rasula reM: "kAkA! muM ke Aje kharAba thiye e dhAryo paNa na ve ane AI muMjo vaMga na ka gune, khUba nukasAna kayAM !' 'tuM kIM chuTIne A, putara " hirabAI khusIse puchaNa lagA, jichamAM! AMu to ghara vagara aMiyAM bAranuM phuTapAthavAre aIyAM, palike phuTapAthavirese vera naya. inake phuTapAtha vagara hale tIM nAMya, inIke phuTapAthavAre dhyAna rakhaNu khapetA AI gharavArI ape. phuTapAthavA je sAbha ane dhyAnameM naMI acaeN, paNa, kAkA ! AMI muje khUba khUba nukasAna kayAM ayAM!' kura ?' muje sarasAmAna te pAcho milI che, paNa paisA vyAse vyA, dhaMdhe karelA paMjase rUpiyA maMgI A huse I ja paise je saje pAki, muMje upaDI che." hira bhAI ravajIbhA ke nyArthI ne tina ja TANe ravajIbhAke kalpanA sujhaI. inA paisA pAchA Dai karene upakAra je bhAse inake varI hita viThelA nA edhANI. ravajIbhAM ImAnadhAra ne meka inasAna vA, vaTavArA vA. phogaTajA paisA pAke na khape, e ke vicArajA pAka inasAna vA. chatare ja inIM : "tAjA pasAi khaNI vinya. je paisejo pAkiTa gharame ja cho .' ane tina TANe hirabAIje meM chaNI . kAraNa ? julameM pAkiTajA paMjaso rUpiyA kanTrATake DinAM vA tejo hirabAIka aphasosa . inI puchathI: "pAkiTa rasalajo vora ! ke, bhalA ?' rasUla hirAbA ane ravajIbhAke nyAri . kIka bhula kaMI Ave ane sAthe pake ja dhiMdho na AsAra dekhAtA hesiyAra chokare te jANI le che. pathika-dIpatsavo]. 1989 -nave. For Private and Personal Use Only

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pAkiTanA paisA ta kaknATaka DevAjI A. hirabAI gayAM. 'satyAnAsa thiye Aje ! muMjo vaMga na ka mune, muMke AI kulAya suNatA? AI piMkajUTI paisA Dine jI gAla kayAM vA. muke kurA khabara ? I dhila rasUlaje have. I dhila phUTapAthavAre ho, hirabAImeM inake piMDhajI mAMja sakana thayA ane rasUla ve : "jijImAM ! AI akasama karijI. kAkA! hI parasAnIjI gAla naya. hI bau vaDI gAla naya. jika thaI be se thaI . sa ma karajA." ravajIbhA rasulajI ThaMDI dhilAvarI tyAre karane karI . rujha vAI ka naMudhA yo se na samajANuM. kATI Aya. chapelI bhitake ubhI kare Dine, DhoraDhAMkara baMdhabata thaI che. takalipha ochI thaI, paNa rasula avinya vadhI piI. I a muje ghara kama Na lage. eNkAra ta inaje name paNa na le, paNa vajIbhAjo mana ta siMmiMja kAradhi o.. rasUla vigara 5 hala na va ne rasUla khapa 5 na ve. madhavArejI ane makhavArejI thaI khe che. bIM hiMmeM rasUla ghara thaI cukI che. che kama nikare tI tI parAbhava thiyetA eDI dhAraNA ravajIbhA deNa lagA, rasula miNuMcha sevA karidhA , mana rakhadhe , gharajI 2naka ja mUra meM bhUla thakI vadhu piI hui. rasula thakI ghara ronakavAra lagadho che. rasUlaje nakase ghara ? khaNelA lage che. hikaDe DI varI camatakAra e. miNIne navAI lAgI. caMpI ja pelisavArejI lArI AvaI. esArase miDa kerIvArA cetI vyA. miDe piMDhaje mAla upADe karane haladhA zyA. salamAlasAmAna upAse na ne khuzIse paryA sirI . lArIvAra AyA ne mAlasAmAna upADelA lagA. ravajIbhA hikaDI palalA vicAra kayAM ne piya rasUla sarasamAna sikhe ravajIbhA gharameM AyA. rasula ramadhila Aya, dhilAvara Aya. inaje upakAra bhAra ocho karelAya rasUlajI haTaDIjI inI hiphAjata kayAM. ravajIbhA rasUlajI haTaDIje samAna khaNe karene gharameM AyAta ane sAmevAre bAyaNemeM ubhA raI karene hirabAI camatakAra nyAraNa lagA, InIMke berI khusI thaI. ake paNa rasUla raMga lagI vyo. rasalajI haTIjo samAna aIi piMDha khaNI AyA. hI ta gajaba che covAje ! khaNI na acAM ta cAM keke? pote ina upakAra ke Aya." "AI huM herAna tA. 9 vicADo ta ka ce ' muMke tuM samajAya.' rasulake paryA karidhA huvA tI tI piMI rasUla kerA koka mamatAje tArase taNadhA A. hika puThiyAM be eka prasaMga hAtha Ayate. chuTakAre thiNa muzkila thai che . mathAImathA Ata halaI AvaI ne Aphatamenu uce ane A Aye nate. * comAso viThe ne ravajIbhAke pharajiyAta bAragAma vinyaNa che. niMDho bhA bimAra thaI che . gharameM javAbadhArI upADe sage eDo be kaya na hai. vine vigara chuTake na . ravajIbhA jenI usyA tenI ja bhArI varasAda che ne gharacha esapIjo chatara chiNI che. hirabAI tAM muMjI yA. peTa-- je ja kamajo na . chArI dhamase ghasANI hui. dhadhaka karelAya rasUla ja ve. ravajIbhA bI DiMye meM pAchA vavAra hRA. aTha Da thaI cukA. Inaje kAgara Ayo, TapAlI bArImeM kAgara vidhe 34] 1989 -nave. [ pathikarItravAMka For Private and Personal Use Only

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ne kAgara bharAbhara narijI yuvAka jagAte che. yuvAkephe kAgarajo vikhANu mike bhusAjI cuke che. kAgara palarI che. kAgarameM kure likhele che se kiMye khabara na piI. amuka amuka akhara ukalaMdhA vA....kAra mi...samajyAsI..kure thiye...te vagara chuTake naya...bharAbhara Aya...basa itare ja samajelA milyo. jiphI samajeje , phesalo kare vo se hirabAI palameM phesale kyAM... kAkA kiriyAkAma karene pAchA AvyA. rasula gharacha cAra bAya cAra phuTa jagameM niMDhI haTaDI jamAya karene viTho ve, rasula raMgUnavAlAje pATiyA lage che . pATiyo tyAre karane ravajIbhA umA A. gharameM vinelA inIje mana agiyAM puThiyAM che. ruvAM ka rAjha ine bhajI vinA I paNa . rasula sAme A. ravajIbhAjo hathameM je che ginAne gharame Ave ane meM : "jichama ! kAkA AyA." Ijo I ja AvAja ravajIbhAke suNelA mi. ravajIbhAi nArAja varatI e ve tI rasUla cuM: kAkA ! mApha kA. hANe kizavira kahe naMi thiye. ajI merajAnI dhukAna thaI vaI ane palisajI mathAkuTa miTI vaI. haptA baMdha thaI gyA aMi." ravajIbha eka najarase rasala korA vAryA, jese jIkI samaje che te ramala samajI che. hirabAI esA rese rasUlake gyAM : "tuM hitAnu ho vinya.... esA karibe TANe vajIbhA nyAya to inIke I e je hANe ghara paNa Asare khuTo. huMI paNa hitAnuM vyAsa ane puThiyAMnuM coke varI . na ukalI sage eDI dhUca varI vaI che gADImeM viThalAya jagA paNa milaI na vaI ne ghera pAchA AyAsa to barasUla raMgUnavAlA' pAeise svAgata o che. 1ra phirate te chatara paNa phire. paNa mA pelAM pitA, piya ghara phiretA ne poya chatara ! - ravajIbhAjo saDa vaIye. inIMnuM hikaDo hApha na belANa, hirabAI mana ane gAla karyo, nau chatara nyAya, se paNa cupacupa be hajAra rUpiyaeNjI vevasthA rasUla ne pAgaDI lekhe samajIne inake dhukAna maDhelA jagA DinemeM AvaI...tejI jANa thaI hirabAI hare hare hikaDI piya baI I gAlii gaMdra boliMdhA vyA. kahe dhaDAke cite tejI vATa ja nyAriyA vA, paNa ravajIbhA cupa vA ane ociMdhA trADukyAM. rasUla sibe miDe cupacupa ubhA vA. guseja varasAra ciMdhI raI. viyAMte, hI muMje ghara naya. phuTa thavA choro muMje gharameM mathe mArete. AMke muMjI garaja paraI naya. ke rasUla lakhalAbha thiye. muMke hANe hina gharameM rANuM harAma thaI che Aya. hI ghara mulAya naya...' i. itare aAM huM ne chANI mA. dhAdhaka macI paI. jese ghara udhe cakare caDyo , I ja rasUla DAdhirake keThI A. kAgadhara inIke tapAse, ilAja ke, IjisaNa dhavAi likhI ni ane nipaTa ArAma karecha bhalAmaNa ke. - ravajIbhAjI tabiyA sudhareke vI bAI DIM lagI vyA. DI rAta rasUla rajIvabhAjI tana mana dhanase sevA ke. rasava sevAme lage pyo che tene hirabAIka trANajI khabara na paI hA ravajIbhA hare hare hiphira kaNa lagA vA. mAMdhAI kanAM ralake likAya evAMdho na ve... hikaDo DIM uge ravajIbhA uthiye tenuM mera rasake cAya DinelAya bAra veA ta bAyomeM hathajI lArIvAro ubhe che. lArIme samAna rakhele che. samAna mathe rasUla raMgUnavAlAje pATiye AkAsa kone nyAdhi che . sAme rila ja ve. Inaje meM utare . cAyajo kopa kine lAya hirabAI vaTe A to paga bhathe rakhI karene guNa lage. I ke page . pagata mathe khIne dhrusake dhrusake rUI e. hirabAI nIce pathika-dIpotsavAMka] 1989/ekA-nave. [ 35 For Private and Personal Use Only

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paTate viThA ne ralake mATha karAyajI kesisa karyo, mamatAse manAyAM. DuMgAre suNene ravajIbhAjI akha khulI vaI. bArA acIne nyAya na rasUla ane hirabAI vaTe viThA aMi. ravajIbhA dorA dhAna be tI dhe caNa lage : budhA hAphija, kAkA ! AMu vinyAta hANe ake herAna naI kariyAM!' tuM kita ne, rasUla ?' "jijImAM! muMjI phikara ma kA gharanuM bAra ta sa dhUniyAM khAlI paDa Aya. gharame revAreke jage soTI pe tI rasala ! tuM nArAja thaIne vijete ?" putara paMkaja ce. "nA, bhA! AMu nArAja kaMse thiyA? nArAjI TArelAya vinyA. AM ke khabara nAMya, asAMje paNa ghara , baMgalo , ve ta meTa vaIyuM. lATa jalAlI hui. mAM-pe hRvA, kA-bheNa vA, duniyAMmeM aja heka aMiyAM, have keya paNa nAMya. na ta u ghara Aya, na ghavArA ya; na mAM, na 5, na bhA-bheNa! muMjo kuro na je puniyAme? paNa aja kI ce naya. hI dharatI Aya ne mathe AsamAna Aya. Itara basa Aya. halI halI thakI bese dharatI je meM mathe rakhI karene pahelAM milaMdhe. AkAje chatara Aya.' "ghara chaDe dukha jaNAto. meM thakI jo ghara khI na thiye, basa I ja yAyiti. ag vedhasa ne mike sukhI thaI dhA. ka parezAna ciMtA...' jigIme ghara bhanAya saga dhosa ka na hai jagavAna jANe. meM thI koya ghara azAMta thiye se muke maMjUra nAMya..." vepAra karelA duniyAM paI Aya, paNa hita te para bhera sahAro mila dhe, mAM-pe yAra mila pe se meM dhAryo che..." paNa te hathajo mela Aya. AI paIe ciMdhA ma kajA. hina gharameM AMu bibhata jame aMIyAM. muM juke kIM ke Aya se hina gharaja khuzIvAya ko Aya...' rasUlajI gAla 20NI pilAM to ravajIbhAM kI bolyA na dhArI dhArIne anake nerelA lagA rasula paNa ravajIbhA sAme nyArI ryo. ravajIbhA kure kariyetA anacha AturatA miNIje me mathe DisIdhI vA. hare hare ravabhA yA : "beTA rasUla! tuM ye Aya eko te dAva na kare sage. mAMdhAmeM muMjI hitarI cAvata to sago putara paNa nAMya rakhe, tocha cAMvatase ja mAMdhAina ubho thayo aMIyAM.. piya hirabAI kerA nerI khilIne vyAM : "hANe tAke kite 5 vi nAma jA tuM asAM bhere ja ne." Isaro caMi karene sUtajI tArI mathAnuM pATie khaNIne rasUlajI dhukAnate maMdavAM. hirabAI akhiyuM phADIne ravaI kurA nyArI ryA. rasUla hi bharAI A. I ravajIbhAje pagaeNmeM namI e tI ravajIbhe rasUla ke kiyese lagA. hirabAIjI akhameM khuzI ja asuDA . hikaDI pala-be sa hikar3I palame saje. vAtAvaraNa khuzakhuzAla thai vyo. The. cA5mane vADI, jAjuka, evatamAla-44pa001 1989 okaTe.-nave. [ pazcima-dasivAMka For Private and Personal Use Only

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suleha zrI. jayaMtakumAra mA. vyAsa gopAladAsa baMgalAnA kampAunDamAM AMTA mArI rahyA hatA. emanA bhAI nAnubhAI tathA bahena kaMkubahena ane emanA vacce manameLa nahe. varasa vItI gayAM hatAM chatAM emanAM kuTuMba judAM ne judAM hatAM ane sAre mATe prasaMge paNa bhegAM thatAM nahotAM. bApa mRtyu pAmyA tyAra bAda gopAladAse badhI jamIna rAkhI lIdhI hatI, nAnubhAIe zaheranuM moTuM makAna ane dukAna rAkhI lIdhAM hatAM, jayAre kaMkubahena emanA pitAnA bhAga mATe keTe caDyAM hatAM. pAladAsanAM patnI surajabA ghaNAM samaju ane dhArmika vRttinAM hatAM. emane kuTuMbamAM kaleza thayo hato e jarA paNa gamatI vAta nahatI. eo gopAladAsane ja samajAvatAM : "have te tame baMne bhAI paiseTake ghaNA ja sukhI che. have te A kusaMpa kADho ane haLImaLIne rahe. ApaNe badhAM sAthe laI zuM javAnAM chIe ? A chelluM vAkaya gopAladAsanA magajamAM UtarI gayuM. emane paNa sUrajabAnI vAta sAcI ane arthavALI lAgI : "pasAnA lebhamAM mane A vAta ATalA divasa na samajAI e bahu khoTuM thayuM. cAle, jAgyA tyAMthI savAra." ema vicArI emanA kuTuMbanA gera gaNapatabhAIne belAgyA ane emane sulehanuM kAma soMpyuM. gopAladAsa AMTApherA mArI rahyA hatA tyAM ja gADIne avAja Avyo ane emAMthI nAnubhAI ane gaNapatabhAI UtaryA. thoDI ja vAramAM rikA AvI emAMthI kaMkubahena UtaryA. : "gopAlabhAI ! juo, A tamArA kahyA pramANe badhAMne belAvI lAvyo chuM. have huM jAuM." kahI gaNapatabhAIe vidAya lIdhI. evAmAM surajabA paNa bahAra AvI pahecamAM. eo jaladI jaladI daravAjA AgaLa gayAM ane kaMkubahenane hAtha jhAlI emane gharamAM laI gayAM. gopAladAse paNa nAnubhAInA khabhe hAtha mUkayo ane baMne jaNa sAthe ja gharamAM pravezyAM. ' ghaNA vakhatathI nAnubhAI ane kaMkubahenanAM hRdayamAM thatuM te hatuM ja ke "amArA kuTuMbamAM jaladI manameLa thaI jAya te sAruM. kusaMpathI koIne lAbha thato nathI, UlaTuM, leke vAta karatAM hoya che e judu" eTale je ge pAladAsane saMdeza laIne gaNapatabhAI AvyA ke tarata ja AnAkAnI vagara nAnubhAI ane bahena gopAladAsane tyAM javA taiyAra thaI gayAM hatAM. * * "hA"! karIne gopAladAsa nAnubhAInI joDe ja beThA. sUrajabAe kaMkubahenane potAnI joDe besADyAM. gopAladAsane putra ketana amerikAthI thoDA divasa para ja A hatuM. tyAMthI e zekaTaranI meTI DigrI laIne Avyo hato. e ahIM paraNavA Avyo hato ane sArI chokarInI zodhamAM hato. sUrajabA UThayAM, gharamAM jaI giLa laI AvyA ane darekanuM meM mIThuM karAvyuM. ghaNAM varase badhAM bhegAM thayelA ! darekanI AMkhamAM harSanAM AMsu hatAM, niMdA karI hatI enAM AMsu hatAM ane khAsa te dareka jaNe pitAnI jIdane kAraNe eka thavAmAM ATalAM badhAM varSone akAraNa vilaMba karyo hate e pazcAttApanAM AMsu hatAM. ketana jaIne pAchuM laI Ave ane badhAne ApyuM. badhAM zAMtithI cheDe vakhata beThAM eTale gopAladAse vAta cheDI "juo, nAnubhAI ane kaMkubahene! ApaNe prabhukRpAthI ghaNAM varSe pAchAM bhegAM thayAM e ghaNuM AnaMdanI vAta che. ApaNA saMskAra jAgI jayA e ApaNuM ujaLuM bhAvi batAve che. A bhegAM thavAM ene badhe jaza tamAre tamArI bhAbhIne pathika-dIpatsavAMka] 1989 okaTe.-nave. [ 37 For Private and Personal Use Only

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ApavAne che, mane nahi. sUrajabAnA eka ja vAkace-ApaNe badhAM sAthe laI zu javAnAM chIe ?'-mArA adhA bhrama bhAMgI nAkhyA, cha AgALI nAkhI ane ati bhegAM karyAM. A manameLe ApaNAM mAMthI darekane phAyado ja thaze ane kuTuMba paNa jotajotAmAM vadhAre AgaLa Avaze. mAre khepUrNAMka kahevAnu` che ke khApA gujarI gayA tyAre emanI milaktanI vaheMcaNI thaI zakI naheAtI tethI ApaNuM! badhAne mana:dukha thayu hatu. ane ApaNA sabaMdha paNa tethI kapAi gayA hatA. have enI cegya vaheMcaNI thaze ane kAIne anyAya nahui thAya, ApaNAMmAMnA darekane ekabIjAnI jarUra paDavAnI che; jemake mArI putra ketana paraNavA mATe ahIM AvyA che tene mATe sArI cheAkarInI jarUra che. mAre tA AjanA juvAnava" joDe khAsa meLakhANa che nahi eTale kaI AkarI sArI haze enI mane khakhara nahi paDe, mATe mAre, nAnubhAI ! tamArI putrI rUpAMnI madada levI paDaze. AvI badhI muzkelI mAre che," gApAladAse vAta pUrI karI eTale nAnubhAie tarata vAta zarU karI: "jue, meTA bhAI ! jema tamAre muzkelI che tema mAre paNa mArI muzkelI che, rUpAM ema.bI.,bI.esa. tA thaI gaI, paNa have ene 'baeNniTI haiAma" kADhavA mATu makAna bAMdhavu che tethI meATI rakamanI jarUra paDaze tathA rUpAM mATe sArA DaoNkaTara AkarI zodhu' chuM. A kAmamAM mAre ketananI madadanI jarUra paDaze. A mArI muzkelI che.''' pachI tarata ja kakubahene vAta zarU karI: alyA bhAIe ! mAru` tA sAMbhaLeA. A mArA jitu che te A varSe bAramuM dhAraNa pAsa karI pachI ene enjiniyara thavu che. e mATe paisA kamAMthI kADhavA ? kaMI upAya batAveA, vaLI mArI putrI ramA che tene TI.bI. thayeA che. ene have oparezana karAvavAnuM che. ane vara tA gaye varase ja gujarI gayeA eTale have mAre A AparezananA paisA kayAMthI lAvavA ? bhAI ! kaMI karo." badhAMe ekabIjAnI muzkelI sAMbhaLI vicAravA mAMDayu. gheADI vAra pachI gepAladAse vAta zarU karI: "juo, ApaNe badhAM phaeNmilI-phanDa UbhuM karIe. enA vyAjamAMthI ApaNA kuTuM banA sabhyane daka prakAranI madada maLaze, jevI ke bhaNatara mATe, mAMdagI mATe, dhaMdho zarU karavA mATe vagere. ene mATe mArA taraphathI be lAkha rUpiyAnA kALe Apu chuM ane jarUra paDaye bIjA eka lAkha paNa ApIza.' pachI nAnubhAIe AgaLa calAvyuM : 'juo, mArA taraphathI eka lAkha rUpiyAnA phALo ApIza.'' pachI kaMkubahena paNa khellA : "juo, bhAI ! huM tA prAthamika zALAnI zikSikA chuM. mAruM gujarAta huM. muzkelIthI calAvuM chuM'. mArA pati te keTalAMye varasathI devaloka pAmyA che. tu phakta eka rIte kuTuMbanA sabhyone madada karI zakIza. je bALakAne abhyAsa kAco hoya temane mArI pAse bhaNavA mokalajo. A rIte hu" paNa madada karIza." badhAMne A phaeNmilI-phrenDanI vAta atyaMta gamI gaI. badhI vAta zAMtithI ane Ana'thI patI gaI eTale sUrajabAe phena karIte nAnubhAI tathA kaMkubahenanAM kuTuMbanAM badhAMne emane ghera jamavA mATe molAvI lIdhAM. badhAMne ayAnaka AvelA joIne nAnubhAI ane kaMkubahena paNa acarajamAM paDI gayuM. rUpAM tarata ja khAlI UThI': pappA ! sUrajabAe phona karyAM hatA tethI ame badhAM AvyAM chIe." nhA, mammI ! sUjAnA phAna AvyA hatA tethI huM Avyo chuM." jitue paNa ka'kubahenane vAta karI. AkhuM kuTu ba sAthe jamavA beThuM hatu.. sUrajabA badhAMne Agraha karI karIne pIsatAM hatAM, dareka jaMglR Ana MdamAM hatuM, rUpAM enI sakhI Do. ketakIne paNa enI sAthe lAvI hatI ane cAlAkI kuMrAne ane tananI joDe ja jamavA esADI hatI. rUpAM paNa ketananI khIjI bAju jamavA kheThI hatI ane ketananA kAnamAM ketakI vize gusapusa karI rahI hatI. caMtana thoDI meDI vAre khAMDI AMkhe ketakIne ['anusa'bAna pA. 41 nIce ] [pazcika-dIpAvsavAMka 38 ] 1989/4To.-nave. For Private and Personal Use Only

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mitra zrI. kAsama jamI bAraNuM khUlyuM. pitAne jotAM veta ja prakAzanuM caDeluM lAgatuM hatuM te meM mAryuM jANI jigarane plAna cahero paNa saheja marakyo. "are jigara ! smita veratAM jigare hakAramAM garadana halAvI ane pachI gharamAM daSTi tAM be : "kema ke dekhAtuM nathI ?' ATha dinekI bAdazADI milI hai.' "ema?" hA, huM Aje savArathI tane yAda karatA hatA." "kema? kaI khAsa kAraNa? nA, amaste. paNa tuM Avyo e gamyuM." mana muMjhAtuM hatuM eTale thayuM ke. nA, nA, barAbara che. mitratA kone kahe? huM paNa bAra thaI gayo hate. tuM besa, huM hamaNAM ja AvuM chuM, paNa have tabiyata kema che tArI ? "ema TikiTa nahi phATavA dauM. ghaNA vAvaTA pharakAvavAnA che hajI te." jigaranuM mApa kADhatA hoya ema prakAza ene tAkI rahetAM bolyo : "sarasa kAMI navuM lakhAyuM che ke "teM kAMI lakhyuM ?' amAruM te samajyA have, pahelAM patrakAra ne pachI kavi, game tyAre game tevuM lakhI nAkhIe, paNa tuM rageragathI kavi, tane lakhyA vagara cena na paDe. huM tane jANuM ne ? jiMgara malakAtI bole : "tuM taiyAra thaI ja, traNa-cAra gajhala lakhAI che. huM beTho chuM.' "aba ghaDI ja Abe, be-cAra leTA reDIne" kahetA, capaTI vagADato prakAza TuvAla sAthe bAthama bhaNuM sarakI gaye. | jigara mATe ghara ajANyuM nathI. eNe Tebala para paDelAM pustaka jevA mAMDyAM, pAnAM pheravavA mAMDavAM, tyAM eka kAvyasaMgrahamAM gaDI vaLe kAgaLa je. kutUhala thatAM eNe kAgaLa , paNa lakhANanA zIrSaka para enI najara ceTI gaI. e camakyo. eNe vAMcavuM karyuM. vAMcate gaye. tema tema gesa-caeNmbaramAM puNe heya evuM anubhavAtuM gayuM. dhabakArA vadhI gayA. lakhANa pUruM karatAM te jANe hAMphI gayA ! zAMta vAtAvaraNa dagAkhora lAgyuM, peTamAM kaMIka cakarAtuM lAgyuM. kAgaLa pUrvavat mUkI pustaka yathAsthAne mUkI dIdhuM. hAM rahevuM takalIpharUpa lAgatAM, kapALane parasevo lUchate, dhAte e ghara bahAra nIkaLe tyAM ja... kema, kayAM cAlyo ?' ahIMyAM paNa muMjhAro thAya che, huM jaIza. ekAeka ?' anusaMdhAna pA, 42 nIce ] pathiA-dIpasavAda] 1989 -nave. [39 For Private and Personal Use Only

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A nAda zrI. cinmaya paDela zaraNAIo gUMjI UThI. Dhola DhabUkayA. seALa rANugAra sajIne AvelI gAmanI sannArIenA kaDImAMthI sUrAnI saravANIenA jharA phUTavA. jANeke Azrama jarInI mahekathI eka sAthe kaoNkilA TahukI UThI. ra'gameraMgI vastro sajIne mahAlavA nIkaLelI gItadhelInA rAgamAM madhurapa vyApI gaI. Aje emanI vahAlaseAI sakhI ajalinAM lagna hatAM. gItAnI ramajhadra na lagAve teA sakhIo zAnI ? jamavAmAM Adhu pAchu hoya te cAle, paNa lagnagItAmAM kaMIka UNapa rahI jAya e na cAle. utsAhabharyAM anerA AnaMdamAM nAcatI-kUdatI A sakhIone nihALIne te ghaDIbhara evu lAgatu hatu, jANeke emanA potAnAM lagna na thaI rahyAM haiAya ! AdhavajIne 'jala ekanI eka dIkarI hatI. cALIsa varSanI vaye pahoMcavA chatAM AdhavajInu AMgaNuM sanu ja hatuM. kahevAya che ke IzvaranA darabAramAM dera che, paNa aMdhera nathI. odhavajI svAmI dayAnaMda sarasvatInAM lakhANeAnA paricayamAM AvyA ane emanA jIvanamAM navA dIpaka pragaTayo. gAyatro--maMtranA satata japa emaNe ane zAradAbahene Ara`bhyA. piratALIsa varSanI vaye pahoMcatAM pahoMcatAM tA emanI patnI zAradAbahene arjune janma ApyA. pati-patnI baMne paropajIvI hatAM. gAmanAM sau koI emanA pratye mamatA rAkhatAM. aMjala paNa AkhA gAmanI dIkarI hoya ema ghareghara enA sukhe sukhI ane enA duHkhe du:khI thatuM. a Mjala gAmanI pratyeka vyaktinA prANa banI gaI hatI eTale gAmanAM strI-puruSA pAtAnI dIkarInAM lagna thatAM hAya ema mahAlatAM hatAM. sakhIe aMjaline hAMro hAMze zaNagArI rahI hatI. gAmanA sajjanAe sArI evI rakama ekatrita karIne aMjila mATe tAlA senAnAM ghareNuM ane keTalAMka suMdara vastra ApyAM hatAM. aMjalinA zarIra upara dAgInA ane vo sakhIoe caDAvyAM enA premanA bhArathI e khAI gaI, enI AMkhA ghauMnAM mAMsuthI chalakAI UThI. vaDIleAnuM vAtsaya ane sakhInA premathI e dhanya banI gaI. lagna-mUhu` ma`DAyuM. AsopAlavanAM tAraNe mAMDavA sehI rahyo hatA. phUlonI phArama prasarI rahI hatI. gora mahArAjanA hokArA thayo eTale varakanyA AvyAM ane bAja upara goThavAyAM. cAre khAju AnaMdanA sAgara laherAI UThayo. eTalAmAM eka mANusa vararAjAnA pitA hanumAnabhAIne mAMDavethI dUra laI gaye!. eNe gusapusa karI. gAra mahArAja vara-kanyAnA hAtha pakaDIne hastameLApa karAvavA mATe ekakhAnanA upara gAThavavA jAya che tyAM kUvAMphUvAM thayelA hanumAnabhAi AbyA ane kharADI UMThathA : UbhA rahyA, gAra mahArAja !' ane peAtAnA putranA hAtha emaNe pakaDIne pAchA kheMcI lIdhA ane kahyuM': *mahArAja ! A kanyA sAthe mArA dIkarAnAM lagna nahu thAya.' A zabdo sAMbhaLatAM ja mAMcAmAM sAMpe paDI gayA. gItA bhI gayAM. ee AgaLa khAyA : cAlA, Avacha1 mAM mAre tamArI sAthe vAta karavI che. ane hanumAnabhAI edhavajInI sAthe gharanA oraDAmAM gayA. jAnaiyAo ane grAmajanAne kaI samajAyuM nahi ane vararAjA pAte paNa gucavAI jaine UMDA vicAramAM DUbI gayA. gharamAM odhavajI karagarI rahyA hatA. Xe ] 1989/A TI. nave. [ pathika-dIpAsavAM For Private and Personal Use Only

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"hanumAnabhAI ! mArI AbarU rAkhe. tamane atyAre A sujhapuM ' odhavajIe mAthethI pAghaDI utArIne hanumAnabhAInA pagamAM mUkI dIdhI. juo, odhavajI ! tame mane chetaryo che, mArA dIkarAnI jiMdagI sAthe tame ramata AdarI che. A lagna ke I saMjogomAM thaI zake ema nathI.' hanumAnabhAIe petAne AkharI nirNaya saMbhaLAvI dIdhe. paNa"....... paNa te baNa, mAre tamArI mUMgI dIkarI sAthe mArA chokarAnAM lagna karavAM nathI. hanumAnabhAIe ghaTasphoTa karyo ane odhavajI kaMI paNa kahe e pahelAM oraDAmAMthI bahAra nIkaLI gayA. odhavajI paNa emanI pAchaLa doDayA. aMjali jamI tyAre suMdara majAnuM kAluM kAluM bolIne AnaMda ApatI hatI, paraMtu jayAre e pAMceka varSanI thaI hatI tyAre gharamAM ekalI hatI ane pazamAM gharanI Aga joIne bhayathI cIsa pADI UDI hatI. e cIsa AkharI banI gaI hatI. ekanI eka dIkarI mATe odhavajIe ghaNuM derAdhAgA karAvyA, paNa e bolatI na thaI. keTalIya mAnatA mAnI, paNa ghera nirAzA sivAya kaMI ja na maLyuM. moTA meTA dAktare pAse aMjaline laI gayA, paNa tamAma dAktaroe abhiprAya ApI dIdhela : odhavajI : tamArA vAtsalyane samajIe chIe, paraMtu aMjaline belatI karavAnA kaMI ja upAya amane hAtha lAgatA nathI.' divase divase aMjali vaDale bana gaI. enA zarIra upara rUpe ghere ghAlyo. eka sArI saMsthAmAM bhaNIne eNIe padavI prApta karI. bAra gAu pharate enA jevI rUpALI ane zANI chokarI najare paDatI na hatI. e bicArIne mAtra eka ja khoDa hatI vAcAnI. gharakAma ane vyavahAramAM kAbela banelI dIkarI mATe odhavajIne keDa jAgyA ane aMjaline sAre ghera vaLAvavA muratiyAnI zodha AraMbhI. sIdhe, saraLa, vivekI ane dezabhaktinAM seNuta seva hanumAnabhAI prANasukha emane gamI gaye. prANasukhe aMjaline joI lIdhI ane lagna mATe hA bhaNI dIdhI, atyAre pitAe lagna aTakAvyuM e prANasukhane na samajAyuM, na gamyuM. oraDAmAMthI uzkerAIne AvelA pitAe kahyuM "beTA! prANasukha! tuM aMjaline jovA AvyA tyAre enI sAthe vAtacIta karI hatI ?' 'nA, pitAjI! paNa enAM vyavahAra capaLatA hoziyArI ane enuM saundarya joIne huM jivAI gayA hatA. mane aMjali khUba ja gamI gaI, paNa atyAre vAta zI che?' prANasukhe aMjali tarapha nihALIne pitAne prazna pUchyo. anusaMdhAna 5. 38 thI joI lete hate.'keta maMda maMda hasatI hatI. rUpAe sUrajabAne kAnamAM kaMI vAta karI. dhImethI rUpAMe peMganA be TukaDA karI eka eka TukaDe ketana ane ketakInA mukhamAM mUkI dIdhA. A joI badhAM hasavA lAgyAM. ketakI zaramathI nIcuM joI gaI. keseTa para dardabharyA kaMThavALA gAyaka sAyagalanuM gIta vAgI rahyuM hatuM ? manake ghara mehase badale, duHkha bhI sukha bana jAI." 8. eka 4, zamIna sesAyaTI, gulabAI Tekare, amadAvAda-380015 pathi-dIpesavAMda . 198lAka-nave. _ 41 For Private and Personal Use Only

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prANasukha ! beTA ! te meTI bhUla karI che. aMjaline te pasaMda karI che, paraMtu e te bALapaNathI mUgI che.' pitAnI vAta sAMbhaLIne prANasukhane be ghaDI te tammara AvI gayAM ane e nIce pachaDAya e pahelAM hanumAnabhAIe ene bAthamAM jhIlI lIdhe, A badhuM joIne jAnaiyA paNa AzcaryamAM mukAI gayA. thoDI vAramAM ja prANasukha svastha thaI gayo. thaDe vicAra karIne nirNaya karI pitAne kahyuM: pitAjI! game te hoya, paNa huM ene mArI dharmapatnI mAnI ja cUkyo chuM, eTale have te enI sAthe paraNye ja chUTake." nahi, prANasukha! e haragIja banI zake ema nathI. huM tArI jiMdagI ane mArA ghara me bagADavA mAgatA nathI. cAle, badhA jAnaiyA UbhA thaI jAo. jana atyAre ja pAchI jaze. hanumAnabhAIe pitAne AkharI nirNaya jaNAvI dIdhuM. . aramAnonAM toraNa bAMdhIne AzAnA dIpa pragaTAvI cUkelA, odhavajIne mahattvAkAMkSAne mahelA taTI paDyo. vahAlasoI putrInA bhAvine adhikAra ane enI kalpanAne AghAta e sahana karI zakyA nahi. beTA ! aMjali !' kahetAMnI sAthe ja e tyAM paTakAI paDyA ane emanI AMkhe sadAne mATe pahoLI thaI gaI. aMjalie pitAnA ArtanAdane oLakhe. enAM romereAma UbhAM thaI gayAM. bAvIsa varSa sudhI pitAnA snehano amIrasa pIne ucherelI e ekadama bAjaTha uparathI UbhI thaI gaI. pitAnI AMkhe joIne e pitAnA zarIra upara paTakAI ane tyAM ja enA memAMthI ArtanAdanI eka bhayAnaka cIsa nIkaLI paDI ; "pitAjI!" paraMtu mAtra odhavajI putrInA e avAjane sAMbhaLI na zakyA, pharIthI zaraNAI gUMcha DI.pI.pI.pI. The. 558, jayaMta pArka, memanagara, karNAvatI-38005ra [ anusaMdhAna pA. 39 thI cAlu) thoDI vAra besane, huM taiyAra nA, yAra! bIjI vakhata avAze to AvIza." 'tuM nahi sudhare." jigara parANe hasate hAya ema nahi jevuM hAsya verI tyAMthI nIkaLI gayo. jhaDapathI ghera pahoMcI javA IcchatA hoya ema e utAvaLe utAvaLe cAlato hate. magajanI nama taNA tI lAgatI hatI, eNe vAMcelA lakhANane eka eka akSara jANe DAma dete haiya evI vedanA e anubhavI rahyo hato ane aMjalirUpa e lekhanuM zIrSaka "kumAra candraka-vijetA kavi jigaranuM akALe avasAnaene cAre taraphathI bhIsAtuM lAgatuM hatuM. che. Asa-kaoNmarsa kaeNleja, kheDabrahmA -383255 (ji. sAbarakAMThA) 1989 --nave. [ pathika-dIpatsava karI For Private and Personal Use Only

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trIjA kinAre zrI dakSeza dave, "dIpa" payika-nivAsanA nAnakaDA bagIcAmAM maLyAnAM AchAM AchAM kiraNa mera pitAnuM smita pragaTAvI rahyAM hatAM... sUrya paNa jhaDapathI kSitija tarapha dhasI rahyo hato...the DIka kSaNemAM je sUrya kayAMka adazya thaI gayo ane aMdhakAre pitAnuM pita prakAzavA mAMDyuM. malaka malaka karatA tAralAoe ajabanI goSThi AraMbhI hatI. evAmAM ja eka tArale enA priyajanone sAtha cheDIne kharco jamIna tarapha... e kharatA tAralA tarapha manojanI mITa baMdhAI hatI, enI bhInI AMkhe tAralAnI gatina mApI rahI hatI. enuM mastaka enI premikA smitAnA meLAmAM hatuM. smitAnI ke maLa AMgaLIo mane janA vALamAM premathI pharI rahI hatI. maunanuM sAmrAjya hatuM. Akhare smitA e mausamAdhi teDI. smitAe enA pAlavathI mane janAM AMsu luchatA luchatAM kahyuM : "mane! Ama kyAMsudhI rahyA karIza ! je, raDI raDIne A hAlata karI che tArI ! tArA hRdayamAM je gama heya te tuM mane kahe, zuM tuM mane prema nathI karate ?" smitA nI AMkhamAM AMkha parovIne manoje javAba Ape : " smitA ! te ja to mane premanI vyAkhyA zikhavADI che. " "te pachI tuM mane kahe tArA mukha paranI A udAsI mArAthI have sahana nathI thatI. " "smitA ! mAruM duHkha mane ja gaLI javA de. mAruM duHkha sAMbhaLIne tuM tArAM mUlyavAna azrune bhoga Apa e mane maMjUra nathI." je tAruM duHkha vahecI zake te e huM mAruM saubhAgya je vAta che te mane kahe, tArA hRdayane beja halake thaI jaze, je, have tane mArA sama che. " " tuM bahuM jIda kare che te kahuM chuM ke.. ke mArI gerahAjarImAM tuM...tuM rahevA de, sAMbhaLIne tane duHkha thaze. " manoje be LAmAM paDakhuM pheravatAM kahyuM. "je, mane jameM tane mArA sama ApyA che. vAta zarU karI che te have kahI ja nAkha...'' smitAnI AMkhamAMthI utsukatA chalakatI hatI. hA, paNa je, smitA ! mArI vAta sAMbhaLIne tuM ema na samajatI ke mane tArA para vizvAsa nathI. mane tArA para atUTa vizvAsa che, paraMtu meM sAMbhaLyuM che ke mArI gerahAjarImAM tuM kaI anya puruSane maLavA jAya chezuM A sAcI vAta? samAja tArA tarapha AMgaLI cI dhe che e mArAthI sahana nathI thatuM. mane khabara che ke tuM gaMgAjaLanI jema... paraMtu kyAreka mane jANe evuM lAge che ke tane mArI pAsethI kaI chInavI rahyuM che. ane huM tane khovA nathI mAgatA tethI ja." smitAnI AMkhamAMthI TapakelAM athu manejanA gAla para jaIne paDyAM ane e azruo. mAjanA zabdone rokayA. pachI simatAe kahyuM : "mane ja ! A ja vAta te mane hakathI kahI heta; tAre mArA para saMpUrNa haka che. " smitA ! huM tane prema karuM chuM tethI ja tane mArA adhikAromAM jakaDavA nathI mAgata." pathika-dIpotsava 1982 Te.-nave. [43 For Private and Personal Use Only

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ja maneAja ! hu tane A vAta kahevAnI ja hatI, paraMtu mananI gU McavavAnI vacce e vAta manamAM ja rahI gaI. e satya che ke hu' eka puruSane maLavA jAuM chuM, paraM'tu... kAle tArI AMkhA parathI A rahasyanA paDado haTI jaze. samAjanI AMkhe!mAM te ApaNe kaThapUtaLInAM ramakaDAM chIe ane enI AMkhAne to phakta tamAze! jovAnI ja khAsa che, paraMtu ApaNe e samAjanA bhAga vaha anIe, kAraNa ? ApaNe aMte ekathIjAne prema karIe chIe, anahada ... Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir .. sivila haiM|spiTala pAse AvIne eka eNTA rikasA UbhI rahI, maneja ane smitA emAMthI UtaryAM. smitAnA kadama jhaDapabhera haiM|spiTala tarapha paDatA hatA ane maneAja enI pAchaLa taNAtA jate hatA. haeNoNspiTalanA dAdarA caDatAM caDatAM maneAje pUchyuM : '' dr smitA ! tuM mane A haeNspiTalamAM krama...zuM e ahI yAMnA DokaTara che ?" kr tuM pahelAM upara te! cAla, tane enI paN khabara paDI jaze. ' smitA haiauspiTalanA eka vorDa pAse AvIne UbhI rahI. dhIre rahIne rUmanuM bAraNu` khADyu.. khATalAmAM kAI daradI sUtelA hatA. maneAja ene AzrayathI joI rahyo, smitA maneAjane enA palaMga pAse laI AvI. smitAnA kamAne ATa thatAM ja e daradIe AMkho khAlI. enI AkhAmAM mu hatAM, pITha pAchaLa takiyA mUkIne e dhIre rahIne beTho thayo ane pachI smitAneA hAtha pAtAnA hAthamAM laIne kahyuM : " smitA"hena ! tame AvI gayA ? huM kacAranA tamArI ja rAha jotA hatA. have tA hu zAMtithI marI zakIza, '' anemanAja ! te A dIpaka, mArI " dIpaka ! evuM na ela, mArA bhAI ! jo, mArI sAthe koNa AvyuM che jo, A maneAja te bhAI. janmathI ja e anAtha che ane ...ane kaeNnsaranA daradI.' khelatAM khelatAM smitAne avAja bhInA thaI gayA. smitAnAM AMsu joIne, dIpake kahyuM : " smitA ! bahena ! mArA rAga para tame AMsu na veDaphI. A rAga ja evA che tA ! kaeNnsara eTale kaeNnsala, kharuM ne, teAjabhAI! ' k nA, nA, dIpaka! tane sAruM thai jaze. ' maneAje AzvAsana ApatAM karyuM. pachI dIpake peAtAnA raMga para hasatAM hasatAM kahyuM': "maneAjabhAi! mane mRtyunA kAI ja bhaya nathI, paraMtu duHkha te eka ja vAtanuM che ke...ke mAre smitAbahenathI dUra dUra javAnu che. smitAbahene mArA mATe zuM nathI karyu? jo, e na hata te| huM anAthanI jema kAMya saDatA hota." ATaluM khelIne dIpake eka lAMbe zvAsa lIdhA, pachI kahyuM : " smitAbahena ! tamane yAda che ? ... mane te ApaNI e prathama mulAkAta Ajeya jenI te tevI ja yAda che. e rakSAbaMdhananA divase huM maMdiranA daravA pAse koI rAkhaDI bAMdhanAranI rAhamAM UbhA hatA ane tame...tame kai rAkhaDI baMdhAvanAranI rAhamAM ! tame mane premathI rAkhaDI bAMdhI hatI nathA meM mArAM AMsuenI bheTa tamane dharI hatI ane pachI tame mane bhAI" banAvyA hatA...' dIpakanI AMkhamAM bhUtakALa tarI AvyA hatA. pachI jyAre eNe khelavA mATe mAM kholyuM ke tarata ja rimatAe dIpakanA meka para hAtha mUkIne kahyuM : "basa, dIpaka 1 have vadhu na ela. jo, tArA mAMmAMthI lohI nIkaLe che..." 'smitAbahena ! Aje mane jeTalu melavu hAya te....teTalu khelI levA dA... pachI... pachI.'' AgaLa zabdo na nIkaLI zakayA. eno mAmAMthI leAhInI dhArA chUTI. e joIne smitA gabharAI gaI. dIpaka ! ....huM hamaNAM ja DokaTarane khelAvI lAvuM chuM.tu...tu`.' 44 ] 1989 oNkaTo.-nave. For Private and Personal Use Only [anusakhAna pA. 47 nIce] [ pathika-dIpAsavAMka

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zikSaNa : DaoN. maganabhAI Ara. paTela zikSaNanA vividha matha A pramANe che : zikSaNa eTale keLavaNI edha upadeza vagere. aMgrejImAM e Education Learning Teaching Instruction vagere zabdothI meLakhAya che. zrI umAzakara jozI nAMdhe che e mujaba agrejI zabda 'eMyukezata' pAchaLa laeNTina mULa (e+duco; e, out bahAra ane buco to lead deravuM')ne ane sa'skRta paryAya vinaya(vi+nI,vivizeSa ane | DhAravuM*)nA artha paN mAzusanA caitanyate bahAra Avu.-preravu. evA ja che. zikSaNa mAnavajIvananA sarvAMgI vikAsa mATe anivArya che. e mAnavajIvanane pavitra ane dhArmika banAve che. ene mukhya uddeza sAcu pavitra ane akhakti jIvana prApta karavA aMge che, zikSaNa sa`pAdita karavAthI vyakti petAnA jaTila prazna saraLatAthI ukelI zake che. zikSaNa jIvananA pratyeka kSetre sAcI keLavaNI ApavAnuM kAryAM kare che. enA dvArA vyaktine prakAza daSTi ane samaja maLe che, tethI zikSaNanA viSaya khUba ja gahana che, zrI zi`kara ratnajI bhaTTa 'kAnta' vaidika kALathI mAMDIne cheka ogaNIsamI sadI sudhInA samaya- gALAmAM jagatanA vividha dezeAmAM keLavaNI vizenI vicAraNA tathA e saMbadhe proge! devA DhuvA thayA enAM pariNAma AvyAM te mAnavasaskRtinA vikAsanI dRSTie enAthI emAM kayAM karyAM tattva grAhya che ane phalaprada nIvaDayAM che e darzAvavAnI yojanA emanA zikSaNlRne itihAsa' pustakamAM pratibiMbita karI che. prAcIna samayathI bhAratIya samAjamAM zikSaviSayaka AdrA~ ane dhyeye spaSTa hatAM. dhArmi`katA ane nItinI bhAvanAnuM ci Mtana, cAritryatuM ghaDatara, vyaktitvane vikAsa, nAgarika ane sAmAjika pharonu zikSaNa, sAmAjika kAryakSamatAnI vRddhi ane rASTriya saMskRtinuM jALavaNI tema prasAra e badhI bAbata! siddha karavA mATe zikSagu anizcaya che. khete mukhya uddeza vartanamAM paryApta thavA joIe. zikSaNanA mukhya hetu mAnasika vikAsa ja che. A hetune siddha karanAra laiMka rUso ane haTa paeNnsara jevA yurepanA zikSaNasudhArako hatA, rUsAe 'emeka' pustakamAM zikSaNu ane enA hetu aMge noMdhapAtra bAbate rajU karI che. emAM cakSaNanAM traNa mULa utpattisthAna che, eTale ke ApaNane prakRti mANasa ane padArthA dvArA zikSaNa maLe che. ziznamRtuM mukhya kArya mAnavaprakRtinA vikAsamAM AvatA varAdhane dUra karavAnu che tathA janasvabhAvanI aMdara sAlaNunA siddhAMta pratipAdita karavAnu che. zikSaNanA hetuSmAne siddha karavA mATe enI keTalIka paddhatie upayAgI bane che, huM spaeNnsare yogya ja kahyuM OM 'je viSayo bhaNavAthI ApaNuM gujarAna calAvI zakIe tenA para vadhu dhyAna Apavu joie.' gAMdhIjIe paNa nAMdhyu che ke keLavaNI svAvalakhI hovI joIe. keLavaNI eTale khALaka ke manuSyanAM zarIra mana ate AtmAmAM je uttama aMze hoya teonA sarvAMgI vikAsa sAkSIne eene bahAra ANuvA jeIe, tethI samayane anurUpa paddhatinA upayoga karIne vividha viSaye nu jJAna vidyArthI ene Apavu joIe. vaLI zramanu gaurava karatI ane jIvana sAthe enu anusa dhAna pathika-DhIpAsavAMka ] 1989/4 Te.-nave. [45 For Private and Personal Use Only

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thAya tevI keLavaNI ApavAnA prayoga karavAnI preraNA paNa emaNe ApI che. emAM rakina a TaoNlsaToyanA vicAre!ne paNa viniyega thayeluM jovA maLe che. ravIndranAtha TAre pazu zikSaNa uttama gaNyu che. zikSaNamAM parIkSApaddhati paNa jarUrI che. prAcIna samayathI A paddhati eka yA bIjA svarU amalamAM che. dA.ta. mahAbhAratamAM varSoMthA anusAra kauravA ane pAMDavenIdroNAcAye' parIkSA rAkhela hastinApuranI prajA pAdare bhegI thai. duryodhana sahita kauravA aMte bhIma sahita pAMDavA parIkSa! mA upasthita thayA. eka vRkSa para eka banAvaTI pakSI mUkAmAM AvyuM. mAtra arjuna A pakSIjamaNI AMkha vI.dhIne emAM uttINa thayA. A udAheraNa parathI spaSTa thAya che ke 105 mAMthI mAtra eka ja vyakti pAsa thaI. keTaluM kaDa pariNAma AvyuM ! Aje je Avu kaDaka pariNAma ApavAmAM Ave te pApakAte dharAIne methIpA khAve| paDe. saMsthAnA saMcAlako ane samAjanA keTalAka leke pUchaze ke "mahAzaya ! pagAra sArA lI rAkhA che ane bhaNAvatA to kazu nathI !'' A samAja dvArA jevA prakAranuM zikSaNu ApavAmAM Ave tevA prakAranI prajA thAya che. leka zArIri mAnasika ane naitika evA traNa prakAranA zikSaNanuM sUcana kare che. vaLI e vyaktinI zikSaNapaddhatima sadAcAra vyAyAma caturAI ziSTAcAra ane vidyA para dhyAna ApavAnuM jaNAve che, buddhi ane va taMtratAne vikAsa sAdhavA mATe lAka gaNita zIkhavAnuM kahe che, kAraNa ke gaNitanA abhyAsa vyaktine bauddhika zakti maLe che ane enA pariNAme e jJAnanI bIjI bAbatanI parIkSA karI za che. taduparAMta zarIranA vikAsa sAdhavA mATe mAnasika abhyAsanI paNa AvazyakatA rahe che. jarmIna kavi phrAmelee vanaspatizAstra prANuizAstra tathA prAkRtika vidyAe)nA adhyApanana sakha'dhamAM navA prakAza pADaco che. jaDa padArthAMmAM paNa ekatA che evu' emaNe sidda karI batAvyu` che vidyArthIomAM caMcaLatA ghaNI hoya che. A ca'caLatA dUSaNlR nathI, enAthI vikAsa sAdhavAna tA sAMpaDe che; joke eka bAbata spaSTa che ke vyavahAramAM upayogI thAya tevA prakAranA zikSaNana tAtI jarUra che, samAjane zArIrika mAnasika ane naitika zikSaNanI vizeSa AvazyaktA rahelI che zikSaNu dvArA vyaktine rAjanaitika Arthika tathA samAjika itihAsane lagatI mAhitI maLavI joIe AvA prakAranuM jJAna meLavanAra vyakti ja samAjanI uttama hastI banI zake, vizvavanA vividha samAjomAM Aje strI-zikSaNanI paNa ghaNI jarUra che. rUsA kahe che ke strIe puruSane vizeSa upayogI khatI zake e mATe emanI jarUriyAtA daSTi samakSa rAkhI e mujaba strIzikSaNanA pAThayakrama ghaDave joie. strImAne zArIrika zikSaNlR paNa maLavuM joIe ke jevI emanAM zarIra svastha rahe, saunda' vadhe, hRSTapuSTa satata utpanna karI zake. vaLI strIne bharata sIvaNa ane gUthaNakAma paNa zIkhavavAM joie. ApaNe e paNa bhUlavuM na joIe ke phAjala samaye ktine Amezaprame ke manerajana mATenAM sAdhanAnI paNa AvazyakatA rahe che. soMgIta kalA ane kavitA dvArA Avu' manerajana soMpAdita thaI zake che. Adhunika vaijJAnika ane Tekane lojikala yugamAM vyaktinA sarvAMgI vikAsa thAya tevA prakAranu zikSaNa samAje Apavu joie. 46] 1989 oNkaTA. nave. [paciDha-dIpAsava For Private and Personal Use Only

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sAmAnya rIte ekatA sthApita karavA mATe zikSaNa ane enI zaikSaNika saMsthAo maharavane bhAga bhajave che. eka rIte joIe te vidyAdhAmo ekatAnAM moTAM svarUpa che. emAM mAtra vyaktigata vikAsane ja take sAMpaDe che evuM nathI, sAmAjika unnatinI paNa vizeSa saMbhAvanA rahelI jovA maLe che. sAcA zikSaNakAre jJAnanI traNe prakriyA-"avadha" "saMvedana" ane "saMka9pa-nI ekatA para bhAra mUke che. abhyAsa karatI vakhate A traNeya avasthA para dhyAna ApavuM khUba ja jarUrI che. vaLI e paNa Bda rAkhavuM joIe ke je zikSaNa ApaNAM kAryo para prabhAva pADe ane jIvanane vividha rIte payogI bane te khUba ja mahatvanuM che. haba spensara sAcuM ja kahyuM che ke upaTiyA zikSaNa pakAraka ane upayogI zikSaNane pAchuM pADI dIdhuM che, vizvanA judA judA zikSaNazAstrIoe samayAnusAra prajAjIvanane vadhAre unnatizIla banAvavA Te saghana prayAsa karyo che. grIsamAM sekrevisa heta ane eritala jevA tatvaciMtakoe zikSakSetre dhapAtra phALo Ape che. hirotasa ane TyusiphAIta jevA prasiddha ItihAsavidee pitAnA khANe dvArA samAjanA vikAsanuM suMdara kArya karyuM che emaNe paristhitine kendramAM rAkhIne pitAnI khA dvArA samAjanA ghaDataramAM ane navasarjanamAM adUbhuta kArya karyuM che. prAcIna samayathI vizvanA hAna lekhake e saMjoga anusAra zikSaNanA siddhAMta nirdhArita karI prajAjIvanane vadhAre upayogI ne tevA prakAranuM zikSaNa ApavA prayAsa karelA che. ema thatAM paristhitijanya keTalIka maryAdAone ine mukelIe paNa udbhavI che, tethI Aje zikSakonA zire bhAre javAbadArI rahelI che. yuvAvinAM vikAsa ane ghaDatara mATe zikSakAe prAmANika rIte ane niSThAthI pitAnI pharaja bajAvavI |oIe. zikSaNamAM ja kasara haze te samAjane vikAsa rU dhANe e bhUlavuM na joIe. ItihAhavibhAga, saradAra paTela yunivarsiTI, vallabhavidyAnagara-388120 anusaMdhAna pa. 44 thI] "nA..nA, bahena ! have DaoNkaTarane bolAvavAnI koI ja jarUra nathI. bhagavAnane eka ja rthanA karaje ke.ke janmajanma mATe huM tamAre ja bhAI...bhAI... AgaLa zabdo aTakIgayA ane vakanuM mastaka smitAnA kheLAmAM ja DhaLI paDyuM. smitAnI cIsothI vAtAvaraNa paNa jANe zokamagna gayuM. ghaNu samaya sudhI smitA dIpakanuM mastaka potAnA kheLAmAM rAkhIne raDatI rahI. manejanI khe paNa bharAI AvI. bIjA divasanI savAre jyAre maneja ane smitA mazAnamAM gayAM tyAre dIpakanA agnikArenI javALAo ThaMDI paDI gaI hatI. rimatAe rAkhane hAthamAM lIdhI tyAre enAM AMsu rAkha paDavA lAgyAM. rAkhamAM paNa jaNe dIpakane cahero dekhAtuM hatuM ane e kahI rahyo hate matAbahena ! janmajanma sudhI tame mAre ja bahena raheze ne ?..." nadIne kinArAnI bhInI retImAM khuMpAtAM khuMpAtAM smitA ane mane janAM pagalAM pANI pAse nei aTakyAM. smitAnA hAthamAM asthikuMbha hato. dhIre rahIne e asthikuMbha smitAe nadInAM tra vahetAM pANImAM mUkI dIdhuM ane kahyAMya sudhI e asthikuMbhane AgaLa jate joI rahI. .7, AbhAra serAyaTI, nijhAmapurA, vaDedarA-390002 ka-dIpesavAMka] 1989IokaTe , [47 For Private and Personal Use Only

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zikSaNanA mAdhyama tarIke daphataranuM mahattva zrI. jitendra vI. zAha daphatarane aMgrejImAM rekarDa' kahe che, ema chatAM daphataramaMDAra e nathI mAtra rekarDa rUma ke nathI mAtra sarakArI daphatara saMgrahavAnuM sthaLa; ene badale je kaI lakhANanuM koI paNa bAbatanA saMdarbhamAM etihAsika mahatva hoya tevA lakhANane vaijJAnika Dhabe sAcavavAM, jALavavAM, emAMthI saMzodhanamAdhyamo. yAdI prakAzita karI saMzodhanakArI saMsthAo vahIvaTakartAonA uga mATenI vyavasthA karatuM sthaLa eTale daphatarabhaMDAra [Archives]. daphatarabhaMDAranAM pagaraNa phrAnsamAM I. sa. 179 mAM thayAM, briTanamAM 1833 mAM, bhAratavarSamAM muMbaI khAte 1822 mAM ane amerikAmAM 1934 mAM zarU thayAM. madrAsamAM 1826 mAM haidarAbAdamAM 1894 mAM, kalakattAmAM 1891 mAM, patiyALA bhuvanezvaramAM 9i48mAM, bikAneramAM 1955 mAM ane amadAvAdamAM 1971 mAM daphatarabhaMDAra khArtAonI zarUAta thaI. A te daphataramaMDa. te mAM jANItAM keTalAMka udAharaNa che. I. sa. 149 nI phrenca krAMti bAda koIkamAM zikSaNanI agatya khUba vadhI che e samajAvA lAgyuM ane AnI phalazrutirUpe AIjhanA kSetramAM traNa bAbata prApta thaI: (1) Adhunika AkaIjha saMsthAonI sthApanA karavI, (2) AkaIjhanI jAhera samitine siddhAMtanAM jAheranAmAM bahAra pADavAM ane (3) rAjyanI jUnA dastAvejonI jALavaNI bAbatanI javAbadArI nakkI karavI. moTA bhAganA dezomAM rASTriya daphAra maMDaranemala a kAMIjha iii sthApanA vyAvahArika ane sAMskRtika ema be kAraNosara thayelI jovA maLe che. vyavahAra bAbata je te saMjogomAM rekarDa zodhAyuM hoya ke prApta thayuM che, jyAre sAMskRtika kSetre ItihAsalekhaka tathA saMzodhanakAro dvArA rASTriya prAMtIya khAnagI saMsthAonI sthApanA dvArA jovA maLe che. daphatarabhaMDArane zaukSaNika upayoga mAtra tAjetaranA varSomAM ja nathI vikasyuM, paraMtu ene ghaNo vikAsa daphatarabhaMDAranI sAmagrIkSero thayo che. daphatabhaMDAranI ghaNI vividha zaikSaNika sevAne amala karavAnuM rahe che. vAcanAlaya mATe oraDAonI suvidhA, dastAvejo prasiddha karavAnI paddhati, saMbaMdhita prakAzane bAbata tathA saMzodhana-mAdhyamamAM taiyAra karavA mATenI taiyArI hovI joIe. A sAthe daphataravidyAnI tAlIma, sAdhane tathA nANAkIya jogavAInI suvidhA Avazyaka che. zALAnA stara paNa AkaIjha dvArA AkaIjhano upayoga enA ItihAsanA zikSaNanA vikAsamAM madadarUpa che ane lokapriya che tathA e have nizcita thaI cUkayuM che. vizvanI ghaNI zALAomAM sUcanAo ApatI vakhate ke samajAvatI vakhate prAthamika sAdhano upayoga karavAmAM Ave che. eo A rIte kAM to praNAlikAmata pAThyapustakane pUraka bane che athatA te eo mULa sAdhane dvArA navasAya kare che. je zikSakoe zIkhavavA mATe A paddhati svIkArI che teo dastAveja tarIke Aijhane acUka upayoga kare che. emAM paNa ItihAsa samAjasArava ane bhUgoLa jevA viSayomAM ee khUba asarakAraka puravAra thayela che. dAktarasaMDAra sAthe zikSaNanA AthI nIce mujabanA phAyadA che : (1) mULa dastAvejo sAthe je abhyAsa kare che tenAthI saMbaMdhita mAhitInuM ekatrIkaraNa saMkalana taiya pariNAma bahu saceTa rIte meLavI zakAya che. 48. 1989 -nave. [ pathika-rIpatsava For Private and Personal Use Only

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(2) je vidyAthI anya vidyAthIo sAthe jUthamAM rahI dastAveja vaDe abhyAsa kare che tenAthI sahakAranI bhAvanA keLavAya che tathA sarva sAthe carcA te koI eka cokkasa mata upara AvI zakAya che. je vidyAthIo niyamitapaNe ItihAsa bhUgoLa ane samAjazAstrane abhyAsa kare che teo haMmezAM bhUtakALanA tathA vartamAna mAnavasamAjanAM abhyAsI hoya che. daphatara sAthe zikSaNanA bIjA ghaNA hetu che ; jemake (1) daphatarabhaMDAranI saMsthAmAM eka saMzodhana-rUma hovo joIe ke jyAM vidyArthI o mULa dastAvejonA saMparka mATe maLI zake, (2) zikSake vidyArthIone madadarUpa thavuM joIe tathA emane AkaIjha-saMzodhananI takanIkI-prathA zIkhavavI joIe, (3) mULa dastAvejonuM pradarzana judI judI zALAmAM goThavavuM joIe, (4) zALAmAM vidyArthIone abhyAsa mATe nAnuM DuMka kArDa mekalavuM joIe, (5) zALAnA upayoga arthe sAdhane ekatrita karI rajU karavA joIe ane (6) rekarDane ralAIDa para ke philmapaTTI para pradarzita karavA joIe. A badhuM mukhyatve vaga mAM ke sAmAnya zaNa pravacana ApavA sAru zikSakane upayogI che. daratAveja sAdhane bALako ane juvAna vidyArthIone ApavAthI AkaIjhano upayoga karanAranI saMkhyAmAM mAtra vadhAre nathI thatuM, paraMtu bhaviSyanAM pIDha ane kuzaLa saMzodhanakArenuM sarjana paNa kare che. je AkaIjha saMsthA "AkaIjha sAthe zikSaNa Ape che. teoe prAthamika rIte cAra pagalAM levI joIe : prathama bALaka ane juvAne sAthe kAma karI zake tevA pUratA karmacArIo havA jo e, bIjuM vahvaTI sattAdhIza pAsethI phaMDa ekatrita karavuM, trIju zALA tathA yunivarsiTI pAsethI ghADI rAhata meLavavI, chelle cothuM AkaIjhanI saMsthAmAM zikSaNa saMsthAnI sthApanA karavI joIe. daphataranA vividha dumane phUga udhaI bukarma bukelAipha varAphara vaMdA uMdara tathA khisakolI jevAM prANIo ane garamI prakAza pradUSaNa yuddha Aga pUra tathA varasAdathI nukasAna thAya che. A nukasAna pAmelAM datarane pradarzanamAM rAkhavAM joIe ane e aTakAvavAnA upAya paNa darzAvavA joIe, jenA pariNAme prajAne-vidyArthIone daphataranuM saMrakSaNa karavuM keTaluM agatyanuM che ene khyAla Ave. belelA ke lakhelA zabdo karatAM paNa najare joyelI vastuonuM jJAna vadhu ghaniSTha bane che. zikSaNa e parivartananuM pratinidhi che. daphatarabhaMDAramAM sacavAyelI mAhitInA AdhAre bhUtakALamAM pravartatI cIjavastuonA bhAvanI jhAMkhI thAya che. bhUtakALamAM calaNamAM vaparAtI cIjo tema nANu telamApa vagerene khyAla Ave che, prarvatamAna bhAva sAthe enI tulanA karI zakAya che. daphatara dvArA mahAnubhAvamAM kAryo, deza mATe vahorelI phanAgIrI, sahana karelA kaeNra, emanI sahanazIlatA, jAnanA jokhama, svAtaMtrya mATe caLavaLamAM Apela phALA vagere jevI aneka hakIkate vize saceTa khyAla pAmI zakAya che. daphataronI sahAyaka sAmagrI-tADapatra tAmrapatra bhUjapatra kApaDa kAgaLa cAmaDuM | mAIkrophiksa raja karavAM, jenAthI givAthI ene khyAla Ave ke AkaijhamAM kramika vikAsa karka rIte thayela che, pATaganaranI pherabadalI, ema karavAnAM kAraNa, atihAsika paribaLe, sattAdhIzo tathA mahAna vyaktionAM lakhANa, enA uparathI emanAM kArya caritra vagerenI jhAMkhI paNa daphatarabhaMDAranA uogathI thAya che. daphatarabhaMDAranA dastAvejonAM pradarzana prakAzana vagere dvArA lekazikSaNanuM kArya sAdhI zakAya che. itihAsanuM zikSaNa cAra dIvAlanI aMdara ApI zakAya che ane anyatra nahi e abhigama daphatarabhaMDAranI pravRtti dvArA dUra karI zakAya che. "AkaIjha vIkanI ujavaNI dara varSe karavAmAM Ave che. A samaya daramyAna vividha dinika pathika-dIpavAMka ) 1989 -nave. [49 For Private and Personal Use Only

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vartamAnapa tathA sAmayikomAM AkaIjha aMgenA lekha prasiddha karI zakAya, vAyuvArtAlApa ApI zakAya tathA zALA kolejomAM A aMge vyAkhyAne paNa ApI zakAya. oDiyo vijhayuala eIjha Tepa mAIkrophikasa vagere dvArA Aje zikSaNa ApI zakAya che. khAsa karIne bhAratanA samakAlIna ItihAsane nirUpavA mATe te e agatyanuM sAdhana che; je ke bhArata jevA bhaugolika ane sAMskRtika vividhatA dharAvatA dezamAM ItihAsa-saMzodhako mATe sAdhana khUba kharcALa bane che. sAmAnya sthitivALA saMzodhakane dUra dUranAM sthaLoe AvelA daphatarabhaMDAronI mulAkAta levAnuM rAjyanA abhAve rAkaya banatuM nathI tyAre daphatarabhaMDArane lIdhe saMzodhakanI rakhaDapaTTI ochI thAya che ane daphatarabhaMDAramAM rahelAM Adhunika upakaraNo dvArA saMzodhako pitAnA meja upara eno uga karI zake che. "AkaIjha vIka daramyAna daphatarabhaMDAra khAtAnI mukhya kacerImAM tathA enA tAbA hastakanI kacerIomAM pradarzana paNa jAya che. pradarzana e daphatarabhaMDAranI sAthe anivArya paNe saMkaLAyelI bAbata che. jJAnanA vitaraNa ane vistaraNane pAyAne hetu sAkAra karavA mATe e mahAne ekama che. vidyA thI o ane jAhera prajA ene lAbha laI zake tathA daphataranI agatya samajI zake e hetuthI eka saptAha mATe khulluM mukavAmAM (epana hAusa) Ave che. prAthamika zALAnA vidyAthIone vividha ci, nakazA, dezanetAonA phoTA, Agama, TapAlaTikiTa vagere dvArA paNa sArI rIte zikSaNa ApI zakAya che. kaoNleja-llA sudhInA vidyArthIone daphatarAmAM zuM zuM Ave, daphataranI sahAyaka sAmagrI kaI kaI, vividha satyAgrahanuM daphatara kaI kaI rIte saMzodhakone upayogI thaI paDe, khAnagI daphataronI mAhitI kaI rIte ekatrita karavI vagerenI jANakArI pUrI pADavI. rAjakIya sarahadamAM samayAMtare kevA pheraphAra thAya che e paNa mAhitI maLI zake, jyAre kaeNleja-kalA karatAM uparanA vidyAthIo samakSa daphataromAM niyamita vividha lipi-bhAvAonuM jJAna, e samayanI zailI, paryAya-zabda ane enA artha, vividha saMvata, aitihAsika tathA bhaugolika jJAnanI mAhitI zikSaNa dvArA prApta thAya che. dastAvejo ukelavAnI spardhAo paNa rAkhavI joIe, repharansa mIDiyA, DisikrapTava lisTa, InDekasa iveTarI, keTaloga gAIDa vagere banAvavAmAM Ave che, jenA pariNAme saMzodhakane enA viSaya mATe jarUrI mAhitI tAtkAlika maLI zake ane samayamAM bacata thAya. vividha viSayone lagatA Diple paNa rajU karavA joIe. zaikSaNika projekaTamAM bALakane ekalA ke nAnA rUpamAM kAma karavAnI chUTa ApavI joIe ane ApaNe eka rIte kahI zakIe ke eo jarUra AmAM saphaLatA hAMsala karaze, vartamAna jIvanamAM zikSaNamAM daphataranuM mahatva dinapratidina vadhatuM ja rahyuM che. koI pradezavizeSanI ke koI vidyAvizeSanI lAkSaNikatAone sacoTa rIte ane sarasa rIte khyAla meLava hoya te daphatarabhaMDAra ja uttama sthAne che. koI prajAnI vividha kAmonI siddhi maryAdAonuM darzana paNa tyAM thaI zake che. daphatara maMDaLa "sarvajJAna pUruM pADatAM sthAna jevA tharSa gayA che. eno agatyano Azaya jijJAsAvRtti urojita karavA ane saMtoSavA temaja avanati khIlavavAne che. eka Ijha evI saMsthAo che ke je sAMskRtika vicArasaraNI dharAve che. daphatara pote mUzuM che, paNa itihAsavida ene besatuM karI de che, athAta anAta vigatenuM vijJAthI o tathA prajA samakSa rajU karavAnuM kAma ItihAsa-saMzodhake kare che. Ama daphatara khUba mahatvanuM purAvArUpa bane che. daphatara vizALa tAnanA samUhanuM eka saMkula che e daSTie zikSaNanA mAdhyama tarIke daphataranuM mahatva khuba ja raheluM che. 1989 -nave. pathika-dIpotsavAMka For Private and Personal Use Only

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. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir gujarAtI sAhityakAronA vikAsamAM emanA zikSakonuM pradAna abhyAsaka : . Izvara paramAra samasyA: vargakhaMDamAM zikSaka dvArA ekasarakhe adhyayana-anubhava apAta hevA chatAM vidyAthIo para enI dhArI ane ekadhArI asara thatI nathI. Ama thavAnuM eka kAraNa vividha vidyAthIenAM anekavidha rasakSetra hoya che te che. sAhityakSetre rasa ruci ane valaNa dharAvatA vidyAthIo sAhitya aMge zikSaka dvArA thatI rajUAta pratye vizeSa dhyAna Ape, preraNA meLave ane kayAreka sarjana paNa kare e sahaja che. AvA vidyArthIone sAhityapremI zikSakanAM mamatA madada ane mArgadarzana maLe te enI sarjanAtmakatA sakriya bane evI ghaNuM saMbhAvanA che. - sva. zrI umAzaMkara jozI dvArA saMpAdita graMtha "sarjakanI AMtarakathAmAM zIrSastha saje konI sarjanaprakriyAnA AraMbha ane vikAsa aMgenAM AtmakathAnaka rajU thayelAM che temAM sarjakanA vikAsamAM zikSakanA mahattvapUrNa pradAnane saMkta maLI rahe che. A lakhANe sarjake e zikSakane ja lakSamAM rAkhIne lakhelAM na hovAthI ane emAM maryAdita sarjake samAviSTa thayelA hovAthI sAhityakAranA vikAsamAM zikSakanA pradAnanI saMbhAvanAne vadhu vizALa ane vAstavika phalaka para jANavA-cakAsavAnI abhyAsakane jarUriyAta jaNAI, AthI gujarAtI sAhityakAronA vikAsamAM emanA zikSakonA pradAnanI saMbhAvanA jANavA mATe prastuta abhyAsa hAtha dharavAmAM AvyuM. abhyAsanA praznaH game te stare zIkhavatA zikSaka nidarzanamAM samAviSTa sAhityakArane enI AraMbhakakSAe sahAyabhUta thayA hatA ke kema e jANavAne A saMzodhanane mukhya hetu hato, AthI A abhyAsa nIcenA pAMca praznonA uttara meLavavA hAtha dharAyuM hatuM : 1. sAhityakAranA ghaDataramAM emanA zikSakone phALo hate kharo? 2. sAhityakAranA ghaDataramAM kaI kakSAnA zikSakano phALe savizeSa hatuM? 3. zikSakanA iktigata saMparkathI sAhityakAranI sAhityika rUcinuM ghaDatara vizeSa thavA pAmyuM hatuM ? 4. zikSakane kaye vaDAra sAhityakAranI sarjanAtmakatA mATe preraka rahyo hato ? 5. zikSakanA adhyApananI kaI vizeSatA sAhityakAra ghaDatara mATe javAbadAra hatI ? ' saMzAdhanayojanAH namUne gujarAtI bhASAmAM vividha sAhityasvarUpamAM racanAo karatA ane pragaTa karatA sAhityakAronuM vyApavizva vizALa hovAthI abhyAsake lagabhaga base jeTalA mahatvanA sAhityakAronI prAthamika pasaMdagI pAchaLa sAhityakAranA saranAmAnI sulabhatA ane sAhityakAranI mahattA e be mApadaMDa hatA, tethI prAthamika rIte pasaMda thayela namUna hAthavage ke A kasmika (incidental) ane hetulakSI ha. ramRtipatro pachI base sAhityakAroe pratibhAva ApyA, tethI A bIjA tabake namUne svaicchika rIte pratibhAva ApanArA sAhityakArone baneluM hatuM. pratibhAva ApanArA sAhityakAromAMthI jemanA pratibhAva prastuta abhyAsanA praznonA uttara meLavavAnA saMdarbhamAM vizleSya hatA tevA pacAsa sAhityakArane aMtima tabakkAnA namUnArUpe pasaMda karavAmAM AvyA. Ama, prastuta abhyAsamAM namUnA pasaMdagImAM bahustarIyatA AkasmikatA ane hetulakSitAnI maryAdAone kAraNe namUnAnI vyApavizvaparIka pratinidhitA sImita banI hatI. pathika-dIpesavAMka] 1989 okaTo.-nave. [ pa1 For Private and Personal Use Only

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upakaraNa : prastuta abhyAsamAM mAhitI ekatrIkaraNa mATe sAhityakArone eka prastAvapatra mokalavAmAM AvyuM hatuM ane sAhityakArane emanA vikAsamAM phALo ApanArA zikSakono paricaya ApavAnuM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. A rIte A abhyAsamAM AtmakathanAtmaka prakAranI muttara praznAvaline upakaraNa tarIke upayoga karavAmAM Avyo hato. | mAhitIne vizleSagunI rIta : sAhityakAroe prastAvanApatra pratye ApelA likhita pratibhAvonuM abhyAsanA pAMca praznonA saMdarbhe vizleSaNa karavAmAM AvyuM. vileSaNanI A rIta mukhya atihAsika saMzodhanamAM dastAvejanA vizleSaNanI rIta jevI hatI. pAMceya praznanA uttaranI vividha kakSAomAM rahelA sAhityakAronI AvRttie gaNI kADhavAmAM AvI hatI. uttaranI kakSA nuM nirdhAraNa anAjita ane AtmalakSI hatuM. mAhitInuM vizleSaNa ane arthaghaTana : zikSakane phALo : "sAhityakAranA ghImAM emanA zikSakono phALo hate khare ? A praznanA utArarUpe pacAsa sAhityakAronA pratibhA mAM upalabdha mAhitI nicenI sAraNI 1 mAM rajU karavAmAM AvI che. - sAraNa 1 zikSakanA phALA vize sAhityakAronA pratibhAva hA nA saMdigdha kula 5 0 sAraNI 1 nuM avalokana darzAve che ke 50 mathiI 38 sAhityakAroe emanA vikAsamAM pitAnA zikSakone phALe darzAvyo hato. Ama, moTA bhAganA sAhityakAronA mate emanA vikAsamAM zikSakanuM pradAna hatuM. zikSakenI kakSA : "sAhityakAranA ghaDataramAM kaI kakSAnA zikSakane phALe savizeSa hatA ? A praznanA utara mATe ghaDataramAM zikSakonA phALAne ravIkAra karanAra 38 sAhityakAronA pratibhAvomAM upalabdha nIcenI mAhitI sAraNI 2 mAM rajU karavAmAM AvI che. sAraNI 2 phALo ApanAra zikSakonI kakSAo vize sAhityakAronA pratibhAva zikSakanI kakSA prAthamika mAdhyamika hRca zikSaNa prAthamika ane mAdhyamika prAthamika ane | ucca zikSaNa mAdhyamika ane ucca zikSaNa prathamika phie], '+ ane uccazikSA ! " sAhityakAronI saMkhyA 6 dara 6 - 2 9 - sAraNI ra jatAM spaSTa thAya che ke je 8 sAhityakAroe emanA vikAsamAM pitAnA zikSakonuM pradAna havAnuM darzAvyuM hatuM te zikSakomAM mAdhamika kakSAnA zikSakanuM pradAna savizeSa rahyuM hatuM, ucca kakSAnA zikSakanuM pradAna prAthamika kakSAnA zikSA karatAM vizeSa rahyuM hatuM, mAdhyamika ane ucca kakSAnA zikSakonA pradAnanA sAtatyanA paNa ghaNA sAhityakAroe anubhava karyo hate. para 1989 ka-nave. [ pathika-dIpotsava For Private and Personal Use Only

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zikSakano saMparka : "zikSakanA vyaktigata saMparkathI zAhityakAranI sAhityika racinuM ghaDatara vizeSa thavA pAmyuM hatuM ? A praznanA uttararUpe pacAsa sAhityakAronA pratibhAvomAM maLelI mAhitI sAraNI 3 mAM rajU karavAmAM AvI che. sAraNI 3 rUci-ghaDataramAM zikSakanA vyaktigata saMpakanA pradAna vize sAhityakAronA pratibhAva hA nA varga gata saMparka saMdigdha kula 50. sAraNI ka nuM avalokana darzAve che ke 50 mAMthI ra9 sAhityakAra e emanI sAhityika rUcinA ghaDataramAM zikSakanA vyaktigata saMparkanuM vizeSa pradAna darzAvyuM hatuM. sAta sAhityakAroe emanA zikSakanA vargagata saMparkanA pradAnane svIkAryuM hatuM. zikSakane vyavahAra H "zikSakane ke vyavahAra sAhityakAra nI sarjanAtmakatA mATe preraka kahyo hata" A praznanA uttararUpe ema tAravI zakAyuM ke zikSakone traNa bAbate je te vivAthI sAthe thayele vyavahAra enI sarjanAtmaktA mATe preraka rahyo: (1) protsAhana, (6) ghaDatara ane (3) AmIyatA. (1) protsAhana : prApta mAhitI mujaba protsAhaka 05vahAramAM viziSTa pAsAM A mujaba hatAM ? vidyArthInI sarjana zakti pArakhavI, lekhana mATe vize sucavavA, lakhavA mATe preraNA ApavI, kRti vAMcavI sudhAravI ane bitAvavI, vaga samakSa kRtinuM vAcana karavuM. (2) ghaDatara : prApta mAhitI mujaba ghaDataranI prakriyAnAM viziSTa pAsAM A mujaba rahyAM hatAM : vidyArthIne uttama sAhityanI oLakha karavI ane e vAMcavA preraNA ApavI, pitAnA aMgata pustakAlaya vidyAthIne lAbha Apa, pustakanI bheTa ApavI, zabdakozane upayoga samajAvavo ane zIkhavavo, sAhityaviveka jagava, sAhityaprIti ghanIbhUta karavI, pitAnI sAhityaka kRtione paricaya karAve. AtmIyatA : prApta mAhitI mujaba vidyArthI pratyenI zikSakanI AtmIyatAnAM viziSTa pAsAM A mujaba rahyAM hatAM : vighAthInI abhyAsa ane Arthika bAbate ciMtA sevavI, viSaya-pasaMdagI aMge mArgadarzana ApavuM, enA vikAsa mATe vyaktigata noMdha rAkhavI, preraka patravyavahAra kare, svajana-sarakhI dapha ApavI. cothA praznanA uttararUpe vizliSTa mAniI sAraNI 4 mAM rajU karavAmAM AvI che, * sANI 4 sarjanAtmakatA mATe zikSakane preraka vyavahAra aMge sAhityakAro pratibhAva vyavahAravizeSa: protsAhana ghaDatara abhayatA saMdigdha kula sAhityakAronI saMkhyA : 14 23 9 4 50 sAraNI 4 sucave che ke zikSAne emanA sAhityabhimukha vidyAthIo sAthe vyavahAra ghaDataralakSI vizeSa rahyo hato. zikSakanA AmIya vyavahAra karatAM protsAhaka vyavahAranuM pramANa vizeSa rahyuM hatuM. zikSakanuM adhyApana : " kSakanA adhyApananI kaI vizeSatA sAhityakAranA ghaDatara mATe javAbadAra hatI ?" A praznanA uttararUpe ema tAravI zakAyuM ke zikSakanA adhyApananI A traNa vizeSatA sAhityabhimukha vidyArthI ne enI sarjanAtmakatA mATe preratI rahI hatI : (1) abhivyakti, (ra) prayuktio ane (3) pravRttio. pathiA-dIpesavAMka ? 1989ka.-nave. [53 For Private and Personal Use Only

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(1) abhivyakti : sAhityakArAnA pratibhAvAmAMthI viziSTa lakSaNa A mujaba hatAM : zikSakanI bhASA vyAkaraNazuddha hArI, uccAraNe! zuddha havA, jarUrI abhinaya sAthe rajUAta karavI, bhAvavAhI citrAtmaka prabhAvaka ane rasapUrNa rajUAta karavI, asarakAraka rajUAta karI zakavA mATe pUrva taiyArI karelI hovI, sthApananA vasturUpa je te kRti vize peAtAnA samIkSAtmaka pratibhAva ApI zakavA, kRtinu" sadRna karAvavuM', (2) prayuktio : adhyApananI asarakArakatA mATe tAsa(Period)mAM sImita samaya mATe apanAvAtA viziSTa abhigamane zaikSaNika prayukti (Educational Device) kahI zakAya. prastuta abhyAsa mATenI prApta mAhitI mujaba zikSA dvArA A mujabanI prayuktie aja mAvavAmAM AvatI hatI : sAhityakRti ane sAhityakAra aMge vizeSa vAta----saMda kayana karavu, kRtinuM bhAvavAhI paThana karavuM, vArtA kahevI, kAvyanuM gAna karavuM ane vidyArthIone gAvA preravA. (3) pravRttio : adhyApananI asarathI sarjAyela sAhityika AkhADavAmAM thayelI nIcenI pravRttiethI sAhityAbhimukha vidyArthI e vizeSa lAbhAnvita thayA hatA : svayaM gnikSagu, anuvAdakA, nATathIkaraNa, aMka-prakAzana ane pUraka vAcana, pAMcamA praznanA uttararUpe maLelI mAhitIne sAraNI pa mAM rajU karI che. sAraNI 5 zikSakonA adhyApananI vizeSatAo aMge sAhityakAronA pratibhAva vizeSatAonAM pAsAM: abhivyakti prayukti anuttarata sAhityakArAnI sakhyo : 12. pravRtti sa digda 10 3 pa 20 sAraNI pa nuM avalekana karatAM spaSTa thAya che ke zikSAnA adhyApanavyavahAranu` abhivyaktinu pAsu pratibhAva ApanArA 30 sAhityakArAmAMthI sauthI vadhu saMkhyA(12)nA sAhityakAronA ghaDatara mATe prabhAvaka rahyuM hatu. jyAre prayukti ane pravRttinAM pArkA anukrame dasa ane traNu sAhityakAronA kissAemAM asarakAraka nIvaDayAM hatAM. kula pR tAraNA : prastuta abhyAsanAM tAraNu A pramANe che. 1. moTA bhAganA sAhityaDhArAnA ghataramAM emanA zikSakone kALA hatA. 2. sAhityakArAnA vikAsamAM emanA mAdhyamika zALA>>AnA zikSakAnuM pradAna vizeSa hatuM. 3. sAhityakAronI sAhityika rucinuM ghaDatara emanA zikSakAnA mukhyatve vyaktigata sa`pathI thayu' hatuM. 4, sAhityakArAnA vikAsamAM emanA zikSAnA vyavahAramAMthI sabhAna rIte sAhityakAranu' dhAtara karavAnuM pAsuM khauthI vadhu asarakAraka hatuM. 5. adhyApana daramyAna zikSaketu abhivyaktikauzala sAhityakAranA vikAsa para sauthI vadhu prabhAvaka hatuM . abhyAsanA zaikSaNika phalitAtha : sAhityAbhimukha vidyAthI onA vikAsa arthe prastuta abhyAsanA dhyAnapAtra zaikSaNika kavitA A pramANe che : 1. sAhitya pratye vizeSa ruci dharAvatA vidyAthI one bhASAzikSake ALa khavA--tAravavA sakriya prayatna karavA joie. 2. sAhityalakSI vidyAthIe sAthe vyaktigata ke jUthagata saMparka jALavavA joIe. 54 ] 1989 ATo-nave. For Private and Personal Use Only [ pathika-dIpeAsavAMka

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3. vidyAthI one bhASA ane sAhitya aMgenI pAyAnI sa`kalpanAo ApavI joie ane jarUrI kauzalA keLavavA dizAsUcana karavu joIe. 4. vidyAthI' Ae racela kRtine valez2Ine prAtsAhaka mArgadarzIna ane sudhAraNA aMge cAkkasa sUcanA karavAM joIe. 5. sarkAcazIla ke laghubhAva dharAvatA sarjanalakSI vidyArthIne tAravI dhakhIne enAmAM AtmavizvAsa vikasAtravA joie. 6. vidyathI te petAne vAcanakAryakrama vikasAvavA prerave joie. 7. vidyAthImAM sAhityaprIti janme jAge ane vikase e hetu lakSamAM rAkhIne zikSake vAMmAM asarakAraka abhivyakti karavI bleie. 8. zikSake potAnI abhivyakti asarakAraka khatAvavA jarUrI kauzalA keLavavAM joIe, 9. zikSake vyAkhyAna sivAyanI paNa adhyApananI itara paddhati ane prayuktie ajamAvIne vidyAyo AmAM sAhitya-prati vikasAvavI joie. 10 zAleya kAryakramemAM vividha sAhriSika pravRttimAne sthAna ApavA uparAMta zikSake emAM sAthe rahIne sAhitya-kSo vidyArthI ene sarjana karavA utsAhita karavA joie. pATIpAM 1. umAzaMkara je(saMpA.) sa kanI AMttarakaya", pahelI mA, gagetrI TrasTa prakAzana, 1984 2. Izvara paramAra, 'sarjakanI AMtarakathAmAM zikSaka', pratyAyana, jAnyuArI, 1987, 5, 5-9 [anusaMdhAta pA, 58 thA] ke purANakAlanI sa`skRtinI prathasti mAtra nathI, paNa sAthe samakAlIna praznoMgA pAtro ane paridhAnanu smAraka paNa che. aDhAramI--gaNIsamI sadInA kacchanAM lekajIvana ane pecAtu darzIna karAvatI A kalAsaMpatti A yugane mATe mUlyavAna ane upayogI vArase che. bhUtakALanA manuSyAnI sabhyatA sarjanazakti tema sau ka bhAna samajavAne emAMthI sAdhana maLI rahe che. A kamAMgarInA namUnA taddana naSTa thAya e pahelAM enI sarasa prAtakRti thayI jorDae ane yogya jALavaNI thavI ati jarUrI che. myujhiyama tathA AyanA mahela jevA sArvajanika surakSita sthaLeAe tA pUratI sa bhALa sAthe A kalAnamUnA sacavAI rahyA che, pazu khAnagI jUnAM makAtAmAM A vArasAne nukasAna thaI rahyuM che ene bacAvavuM jarUrI che. mAtAnuM jyAM navasarjana thAya che tyAM A avazeSo lupta banI javAna bhaya che. bhAratIyatA kacchIyatAnA pratIka-samI ane AjanA darzakane AnaMda ApatI citrakalA punarutthAna mAge che, bhIMtacitrAnA uttama namUnAnI yogya jALavaNI ane mulavarNA thaze evI apekSA sau kalApremI rAkhe e svAbhAvika che. ke, AsavALa phALavu, mundrA (kaccha)-370421 noMdhaH 'kagara' nI vyutpAtta vize upara zrI khoDIdAsa paramAranI dhAraNA amane pratItikara lAgatI nathI. A citrakAro kacchamAM muslima meTe bhAge che eTale A zabda asalamAM 'kramAnagara', jetA najIkanA vikAsa 'mAMgara' che. 'kamAnagara'nA mULa artha tA dhanuSa tAvanAra' che, pazu pachIthI kacchamAM citrakAranA amAM rUDha thayA jaNAya che. sa, cAra, prAANIT, e svAbhAvika krama che. -taMtrI pathika-dIpeAtmavAMka 1989/ ekATo.-nave. [ 55 For Private and Personal Use Only

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kacchanI kamAMgarI kalA zrI. saMjaya. pI. zara phrAnsa ane spena khAte AvelI keTalIka prAcInatama guY=emAM bhIte ane chata para citrA tathA raMgapUraNInI kaLAsUjha aMgenA purAvA maLyA che. A bhItico ane enu raMgakAma eka vaijJAnika abhyAsa tAravaNI mujaba I.sa. pUrva' 30,000thI mAMDI 10,000 varSanA samayagALAmAM rataiyAra thayAM hatAM ! A rIta sauthI prAcIta citro aMdAje 32 hajAra varSa jUnAM hAvAnuM manAya che. eziyAnI citrakaLAnA prAcInatama avaroSa ajatAnI guphAeeAmAMnAM bhItacitra che, joke enA astitvanI bhALa navIna duniyAne cheka sane 1819 mAM pahelavahelI thai hatI. Aja tAmAMnAM bhavya zipa) ane enAthIya bhabhya bhAAMcAnI kalA jevI utkRSTa citrakalA, kacchanI bhI tAkSetrakalA ke jete kucchamAM 'kamAMgarI' ke 'kamAMgarakalA' jevA vizeSa nAma ane vaziSTa rIlInA nAme oLakhAya che, temAM jovA maLe che. kacchatA lAphapara parAnA citarAne keMmAMgara' kahe che. zrI kheDIdAsa paramAra 'kamAMgara' zabda vize noMdhe che ke '*mAMgara" saMskRta karmakAra' parathI uttara kRta 'krammAra' ate 'kamAMgara' thayA che te kAma karanAra' citArA tarIke sthAna pAmyA che. A lagnaprasa Mga ke divALImAM ghera ghera hAthIghoDA cItarI Ape che. bhIMta para citra karavAnI preraNA mAyUsane AdikAlam maLI che. uttara varSa pahelAMnI pASANuyuganAM guphAmAM phrAnsa rapata mAMDkA cIna laMkA ane bhAratavarSamAM mAnave potAnA samayanAM bhAvanA ane sarakAranI eMdhANIe ApI che. gharamAM ke rAjabhAgamAM athavA aMtaHpuramAM ke devasthAnamAMnAM bhI citrAmAM sarva prakAranA bhAvo ane rasane ati kozalayI prakAza maLyA che. sadIo pahelAnI bhIticitrakalAnA utkRSTa namUnA haju Aje paNa gujarAtanAM gAmaDAM maMdire havelIo ane jUnA rAjamahelAmAM sacavAyelA che. rAjasthAnamAM bhAtanunbhana mATe sAgALatI bhAta para pAkAM citra karavAno rivAja jUtA che, te kacchanAM pazu aneka sthaLoe maMDelA madirA makAnamAM aMdara-bahAranI bhI te para dharmanAM, vAcana pAkrameonAM temaja rasika viSayonAM Sitra khUba ja pramANumAM astitva dharAve che. emAMthI lokonA manamAM citra mATe Adara ane rAsakatA TakI rahyAM che. gujarAtanAM bhItacitrAnI khAyatamAM prathama dhyAna ApavA yA bhAvanagara rAjyata Apava ghaTe che. ziheAranA jUnA rAjamahelamAM khAMDamAM nIta para uparanA bhAge lAMbA paTamAM vakhatasa hajI ThAkara cItaLa para caDAI karI vijaya meLaLyeA (I.sa. 1793) tenAM mukhya pAtro ane senAnAM citra A citrapaTTa para kaDhAvAyAM che. A citra kamAMgarI zailInAM che. uparAMta Amanagara-lA kheDaTAmAM pazu kacchI kamAMgarIne! kasaba kArAyelA che. gujarAtanA kalAguru zrI ravizaMkara rAvaLa kahe che : 'kamAMgarI kalAnA bhAMgarA mATe bhAge zilpakaLA sAthe sabaMvita hoya che, tevI emanu` kA` zilApaTTa uparathI salATIkaLA tarIke oLakhAya che, kAraNu ke AvAM ja prasaMgacatra ArasanI takatAomAM upasAvelI AkRtimAM dhRtarAbAM AvatAM tene saMskRta sAhityamAM avAyA ke ardhazahapa tarIke oLakhAvyAM che. A kArIgaro jayAM kAma maLe te sthaLe jaI kAma karI ApatA, teo pravAsI kalAkAranuM jIvana gujAratA. jema}; jAma vilAnA vakhatamAM jAmanagara kacchamAMthI AvelA kamAMgarAnAM kuTuMba tyAM vaselA, jAmanagaranA mahelanI doDhInI bhIDa para bhUcara meronuM yuddha cotareluM che ane 1989 okaTo.-navA 56 [ pathika--DhIpAsavAMka For Private and Personal Use Only

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jUnA rAjamahela nI eka meDImAM e samayane jAmanagaranA lekajIvananAM citra ghaNI vigate chata temaja bhIMta para karachI kamAMgaroe cItarelAM che." kacchanAM aneka makAnomAM bhIMtacitra che. mAMDavI tAlukAnA meTI rAyaNa gAmamAM ramanAthanA bhaMDArAnI DelImAM "kamAMgarI che temAM citravastune vistAra ghaNe che. aMjAramAM kacchanA aMgreja amaladAra jemsa mekaDonA baMgalAmAM eNe pitAnA mayakhaMDanI cAra dIvAle rAma-rAvaNuyuddha, azokavanamAM sItA, laMkA dahana, govardhanadhArI kRSNa, kAnagopI, hastiyuddha, mRgayA vagere dazya ane pakSIo tathA levAnA AkArathI sabhara bharelI te bhI manahara dekhAya che, I.sa. 1818 mAM mekama e pitAne baMgale baMdhAvela, jemAM 168 varSa pahelAMnI citraNa jovA maLe che. bhUjanA kaccha myujhiyamamAMnAM nAgapaMcamInI savArInAM citra joIne tAjuba thaI javAya. cinI layabaddha paMktio ane kamAMgara vADhA jumAe cItareluM hindu kanyAnA lagnanI corInuM eka dazya joI Apharina pikArI javAya. AyanAmahela (bhUja)nI kamAMgarI-I.sa. 1761 mAM eTale ke AjathI savAbe varSa pahelAno kalA terInA darabAragaDhamAM rAmAyaNanA prasaMgenuM saLaMga Alekhana thayela che temAM jhADa pAna pazu pakSI deva gAMdharva rAkSasa vagere AbehUba bhAtIgaLa raMgathI cItarelAM che, bhArAparanA sujAbAnA darabAranA bhIMtacitra kamara pachavananA keTaluM UMDA abhyAsI haze ene khyAla Ape che. savArInA dazyamAM dheDAonI je vividha bhAvavAhI AkRtio uThAvI che temAM kamAla karI dekhADyuM che, A citramAM cIvaTapUrvaka emaNe pitAnI prAcIna praNAlikA sAcavI che. zrIrAmasiMhajI keDe pitAnA pustaka "kacchanuM saMskRtidarzana'mAM jaMgInA akhADAnAM citronI vigata dhiI che. jagInA akhADAmAM meMkaNudAdAnA bhakta maLarAja mAdhavadasa vagere temaja pAvariye vagere akhADAnA sevakanAM citra che. mAMDavImAM "bhUtiyA baMgalA" tarIke oLakhAtA makAnanA aMdaranA oraDAonI dIvAla para eka varSa pahelAnI kamAMgarIkalA hovAnuM zrI rasendu ThAkare nAyuM che. A baMgalAmAM daratI raMgenA upayogathI mora pipaTa kabUtara jevAM pakSI cItaravAmAM AvyAM che, jenA raMga Aje eka sadI pachI paNa kamAMgarIkalAnA addabhuta namUnA dIvAle jaDelA paDyA che. mundrAmAM zrI praphullacaMdra zaiva-hastakanA zrI aMjAriyAnA makAnamAM pahele mALa savA varSa uparanA bhIMtacitra haju Aje sArI sthitimAM che. kyAMye mATI kharI nathI ke raMga ULyA nathI. mundrAnAM koIka citra jhAMkhAM thaI gayAM che ane kathaka bejharakArIne lIdhe DAghA paDI paNa gayA che. cetarapha saLaMga rekhAMkana ane raMgapUraNI suMdara thayela che. ahIM kamAMgarone mana bhIta moTe citrapaTTa che. prasaMga pUro thAya tyAM cAre tarapha lITInI hada mArI, athavA koI AkarSaka bhAta pADI, aDe aDa bIjuM ekaThuM pADI judo prasaMga maLyo che. anya ghaNI jagyAe kaI pAtra zuM kare che ane konuM citra che enI akSaranAMdha paNa hoya che, jyAre mundrAnAM citromAM eTaluM nathI. anya sthaLonAM bhIMtacitronI jema mundrAmAM paNa zikAranAM da, rAjAzAhI vakhatanI savArInAM da, devatAonAM citra, phUlavela vagere cittAkarSaka citrakAzanAM darzana karAve che. kaccha gejheTivare ane zrI rAmasiMhajI rAThoDe nodhela che e mujaba kamAMgarIne vikAsa kaLApremI sAva lakhapatajI(I.sa. 175-176 1)nA vakhatamAM thayo." i.sa. 1881 nI sAlanA eka aMdAja pramANe kacchamAM 47 kamAMgara hatA. Aje pAMgaLInA veDhe gaNI zakAya teTalAye nathI! kacachanI A kalAne gabhava aDhAramI sadImAM udaya pAmI ogaNIsamI sadImAM pUrNatAne pAmyAne eka aMdAja che. kacchamAM bhIMtacitronuM Alekhana zubha cihnana ane samRddhidAyaka gaNavuM che. loke pitAnAM gharonAM dAre upara ane UMcI dIvAla upara maMgala prasaMgoe citro acUka derAvatA. ThAkara-maMrinA oraDA pathi-pesavAM] 1989 -nave. [57 For Private and Personal Use Only

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ane sAdhu saMtonAM raheThANomAM dhArmika citronuM Alekhana thatuM. ThakarAIonA beThakanA oraDA tathA ThakarANIonAM aMtaHpuranA oraDA vividha zailInAM ane bhAvabharyA citro vaDe zaNagAravAmAM AvatA. bhIMtane cUnA ane ciroDIthI lIsI lasoTIne e tAjA cUnA upara mukhyatve lAla ke kALa rekhAothI sAdAM karelAM rekhAcitra ane emAM sapATa bharelA vividha mULa raMgothI A citra taLapadI eka viziSTa rIlInAM banI rahe che, khajUrInA kUNA pAnanI pIMchI vaDe rekhAe AlekhI emAM bhabhakadAra raMgo pUrelAM bhItacitro Aje paNa eTalAM ja suMdara ane spaSTa che, ekasarakhI ghaTTa rekhAonI AkRtiomAM ahIMtahIM raMgapaTTa ApIne kamAMgare bhItacitro netrAkarSaka banAvyAM che ane kacchI kamAMgarIne gaurava apAvyuM che. zrI na. ma. jozI kI kama marakalA vize prakAza pADe che ke bhadra dhara mAM citromAM rAjasthAnI asara dekhAya che, te rAyaNamAM dAdA ghera manAya pratyenI dharmabhAvanAvALAM paMcamAM ajaMtAnI chApa vartAya che, jayAre bhUjanA AyanA mahelamAM mughalarIlI spaSTa joI cakAya che," Ama ajaMtA rAjasthAna ane mughalakalAnI viziSTatA vaDe vaNAyelI karI kamAMgarakalA kamAla che ! - A kamAMgarI citrakalAnA citrakAra-kamAMgare kezu? A praznanA javAbamAM zrI hareza dhoLakiyA kahe che ke "samagra ItihAsamAM ke citra nIce koI nAma ke mAhitI nathI, mAtra jodhapuranA rAjA abhayasiMhanA citra pAchaLanA lakhANamAM kamAMgara khAjA hasana vaMcAya che. uparAMta lakhapatajI ane dezI chanAM be ghiAmAM kamagara dekhAya che tethI ema nakakI thAya che ke kamAMgara nAmanA citrakAra citrakaLAnuM kAma karatA zatA. e emanuM dhaMdhAdArI nAma lAge che. emAM A kAryamAM eTalA prakhyAta thayA haze ke e kamAMgarI kaLA' kahevAya che. A kAryamAM muslimo vadhu dekhAya che." A kalAmAM muslime vadhu hatA e vAtanI gavAha pUratAM anya bhI tAMcamAM paNa kalAkAranAM nAma maLela che. hindu kanyAnA lagnanI corInuM dazya che, jemAM citra nIce kamAMgara vADhA jAmA lakhela che. uparAMta, I.sa. 1869 mAM banAvAyeluM eka citra che temAM jAhejA vIracUDAmaNi ra" khegAra pahelA amadAvAdanA bAdazAha mahamuda begaDAne zikAramAM siMhanA paMjAmAMthI bacAve che enuM citra che tenI nIce 'bhacu abhA kamAMgara 1925" evuM lakheluM vAMcavA maLe che. 1925 e vikrama saMvata che. vizvanA kalAkAra ane vivecake jene abhyAsa kare che te kacchanI kamAMgarI kalA vize kaccha gejheTiyare je noMdha lIdhI che tenA aMza (mULa aMgrejI parathI gujarAtImAM) atre prastuta che: "karacha pAse enI pitAnI AgavI citrakaLA che ke je kamAMgarInA nAme oLakhAya che. kamAMgarIkAmanA janA ane Adhunika namUnA karachamAM dareka jagyAe jovA maLe che... prANuo pakSIo paNe phUle, rojabarojanI jiMdagInA prapaMga, rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhAratanAM dazya, hAthIonI laDAI ane haraNanA zikAranAM citra AmA kAraNuM saudaryathI doravAmAM AvyAM che ke je emanI kalpanAne pUrNa rUpathI abhivyakta kare che.... A raMgIna bhIMtacitro 150 varSa pahelAnI karachanA kamAMgaranI adabhuta kaLA vize sAro paricaya sApe che." ArasapahANa jevI lIsI kayatI bhArata paranAM A pAkA raMgavALAM bhIMtacitra ApaNane nivyaja AnaMda Ape che ane saikAo pahelAMnI benamUna citrakArInAM darzana karAve che. lekajIvanane bahe AvatI A kaLa ne hayAta namUnAo para sarakAra ane vidvAne A bAbatanI nedha karavAmAM vilaMba karaze te gata yuganA namUnAono lepa thaI javAne pUro bhaya che. bhIMtacitromAM bhUtakALanI anusaMdhAna pA. pa nI ] 1989oNkaTo.-nave | [pathi-dIpesavAM For Private and Personal Use Only

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prAcIna bhAratavarSanA lahiyAo vagere [emanI lekhana-pravRttio, I.sa. 1300 sudhI) che. caMdrakAMta ha. bhaTTa koI paNa saMskRtinI mahattA enI lekhana ane vAcananI pravRttiothI aMkAya che. A daSTie bhAratIya saMskRti ucca kakSAnI hatI. eNe eka tarUM dharma tathA tattvajJAna vikasAvyAM ane bIjI tarapha eNe gaNita vijJAna tathA Tekane lebina kSetramAM paNa suMdara pradAna karyuM. A siddhio prAcIna bhAratavarSamAM thaI gayelA lekhaka ane vicArake vagara zakya na banata. prAcIna bhAratavarSamAM mAtra maukhika paraMparA (Oral Tradition) na hatI, jJAnane graMthastha paNa karavAmAM AvatuM ane graMtha dvArA jJAnanuM prasAraNa thatuM. prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRtinA sAdhana tarIke hastapratanuM mUlya ghaNuM che, kAraNa ke graMthe jJAnavijJAnanuM mAdhyama che ane e AvA prAcIna samayamAM hastalikhita svarUpamAM hatA, AthI hastalikhita jthe suvAcya bane e Azayane lIdhe prAcIna samayamAM graMtha lakhavA ane enI pratilipio taiyAra karavA mATe eka varga astitvamAM AvyuM hatuM te lekha lahiyA" kAyastha vagere nAmothI paricita tha. lekhaka arthAta lipikAra lahi graMtharacanAprakriyAmAM sauthI pradhAna pakSe che. lekhaka zabda lekhakriyAnA katAMne mATe prAcInamAM prAcIna zabda che. AnA ullekha rAmAyaNa mahAbhArata jevAM mahAkAvyamAM paNa AvyA che. prAcIna samayamAM lekhaka hovuM e vyavasAya paNa hato ane lekhanakaLAnI pratiSThA paNa ghaNI hatI. vinayapiTakamAM lekhanakaLAnI pratiSThA batAvAI che, jAtakomAM paNa AnA ullekha thayelA maLe che. lekhakanA guNa kevA hovA joIe enA ulekha matsyapurANa ane garuDapurANamAM maLe che. zAMga dharapaddhati ane patrakamadImAM jayalekhakanA guNonI lAMbI sUci ApavAmAM AvI che. AnA anusAra e sarva bAbatamAM nipuNa hovo joIe ema batAvyuM che. moryonA samayamAM lekhaka prazAsakIya taMtranA eka sadasya tarIke rahyo che. sAtamI sadInA eka apragaTa abhilekhamAM lekhaka vizene ulekha jANavA maLe che ke e rAjAnA pitAnA sacivomAMne eka hatuM, jenAM adhikAra ane kartavaya vadhI gayelAM hatAM lahiyA: prAcIna bhAratavarSamAM lipi aMgenuM sarvakArya brAhmaNa adhyApakone hastaka hatuM, paNa A kArya lakhavuM ane bhaNavuM e bemAM ja sImita thaI jatuM hatuM, paraMtu A varga uparAMta bIje eka dhaMdhAdArI varga paNa hato ane enuM AjIvikAnuM sAdhana paNa lakhANa lakhavA sivAya bIjuM hatuM nahi; e lekhaka tarIke oLakhAvA lAge. virATakA mahAkAvya ane bauddha sAhitya bhikhunIvarAciya"mAM A prakAranuM kAma karanAranuM prAcIna nAma lekhaka' hatuM. "Tilya arthazAstramAM paNa A nAmane ulekha Ave che. A nAmano ullekha abhilekhamAM paNa thayeluM che, paNa khUlare A nAma mATe artha hastalikhita graMthane pratilipika athavA lipikAra "kalArka" karyo che joke e cokkasa nathI.8 abhilekhamAM lekhaka vize je ullekha Ave che temAM lekha ke je vyakti dvArA taiyAra karIne ene tAdrapada ke pathathara para kotaravAmAM AvatA tenuM sUcana kare che. kharI rIte lekha pathika-rIpotsava 1989 -nave. 59 For Private and Personal Use Only

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taiyAra karanArane ja lekhaka' kahI zakAya, jyAre hastalikhita graMthanI pratilipi taiyAra karanArane paNa lekhaka kahevAya che. pratilipi taiyAra karavAnuM kAma eka viziSTa prakArane dhaMdhe che, paNa dhaMdhAkIya pratilipi uparAMta strIo, emAMya khAsa karIne jana sa dhI e sAdhuo ane sAmAnya mANasoe paNa A jAtanuM dhArmika sukRta kAma karavAnI tIvra IcchA rAkhIne bhAga lIdhela che. ja upara kahyuM tema lahiyA mATe sAmAnyataH prajAyele sauthI prAcIna zabda lekhaka hato. A saMdarbhamAM e sAda graMthakAra nahi, paNa lipikAranA arthamAM prayojAyela. Ane ulekha pUrve joI gayA te pramANe rAmAyaNa mahAbhArata tathA bauddha sAhitya ane jAtakomAM paNa thayA che. A parathI lekhatanI kalA ane ene vyavasAya astitvamAM AvI cUkyAM hatAM ema spaSTa thAya che. emAM bhikSaNIone dharmagraMthanI nakala karavAnA upayogI vyavasAya mATe lekhanakalA zIkha AnI chUTa ApavAmAM AvI che ane kaI chokare lekhanano vyavasAya apanAve te pote enuM gujarAna zAMtithI ane nirAMtathI karI zakaze ema jaNAvyuM che. rAjataMtramAM rAjakIya bAbatone lagatAM ane dastAveja prakAranAM lakhANo musaddo ghaDavA mATe tejonI jarUra paDatI ane tethI evA karmacArIone paNa viziSTa varga vika. sAhityamAM ane abhilekhamAM lekhaka zabda keTalIka vAra A arthamAM paNa vaparAya che, "mahAvacca ane jAtake'mAM AvA lakhANanA ullekha Ave che. prAcIna abhilekhamAM lekhaka zabda dhaMdhAdArI varganA arthamAM vaparAya che. lipikara' yA libikara : i. pU. cothI zatAbdImAM lekhakanA arthamAM lipikara" athavA "libikara' zabda vaparAyesa che. azekanAM zAsanamAM A zabda ghaNI vAra prayojAyo che. saMskRta keze "lipi karIne lekhakane samAnArtha gaNAve che, paNa azokanA zilAlekhamAM A zabda be arthamAM vaparAyo cheH lekhaka ane ketaranAra', kemake emAM likha' dhAtu lakhavuM ane kotaravuM ema baMne artha dharAve che. rAjAnA lipikarane keTalIka vAra "jalipakara' kahetA. saMskRta sAhityanuM ane Abhilekhika lakhANanuM adhyayana karatAM mAlUma paDe che ke "lipikara' zabda lekhaka karatAM ghaNI ochI vAra vaparAya che ane e zabda lekhaka' karatAM pratilipikAra" ane kAtaranAranA arthamAM vadhAre vaparAya che. divira: divira lekhaka mATe vaparAtA bIje zarada che. madhyabhAratanA I.sa. para1-para2 nA eka abhilekhamAM e pahelI vAra praye jAya che. valabhInA I.sa chaThThI sAtamI ane AThamI sadInA lekhomAM sAMdhivigrahaka ke je lakhANano musaddo ghaDatA tene "divirapati' arthAta "divirone vaDo' kahyo che. "divirapati zabda sUcave che ke enA hAtha nIcenA khAtAmAM aneka diviro kAma karatA hatA. ahIM "divira" zabda spaSTataH kArakune artha dharAve che. divira pati bhUmidAna vagere viSayone lagatAM rAjya zAsaneno musado ghaDate hate. nyUlara lakhe che ke "divira' ke 'divIra' e phArasI bhASAne "bira' zabda che, je prAyaH jyAre IrAna ane bhAratavarSa vacce vepArI saMbaMdhe hatA tevA sAsAnI-samaya I.sa. sAtamA-AThamA saikAmAM pazcima bhAratavarSamAM pracalita thayA. AnI viruddha dalIla karatA De. pADe jaNAve che ke I.sa.nI sAtamAM ke AThamI sadImAM bhAratavarSamAM zaka athavA sAsAnI zAsana na hatuM temaja IrAna ane bhAratavarSa vacce paNa vepArI athavA sAMskRtika saMbaMdha A sadI daramyAna ne hatA. devira' zabdane athavA enAM rUpAMtarane upaga pahelI cAra sadI daramyAna maLatuM nathI."divira" zabdane udbhava "dipikAranuM prAkRta rU5 "diviaradivira sahelAIthI thaI zake che. dipikara ane bira' baMne zabdanuM mULa eka ja haze, kemake saMskRta ane phArasI lAginIbhAvAo che. 60] 1989 okaTe.-nave. [ pathika-dIpotsava For Private and Personal Use Only

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hyu-ena-saMge (I.sa. 7 mI sadI) bhAratavarSanA pravAsa daramyAna kazmIranI mulAkAta laudhI te samaye kAzmIranA rAjAe hastaprateAnI nakala karavA 20 lahiyAonI nimaNUka karI hatI tyAre hiryA tyAM 'divira' tarIke oLakhAtA hatA. 'vira' zabda kalhaNanI rAjatara giNI (I. sa. 12 mI sadI)mAM AvyA che. kAzmIranA 11 mI 12 mI sadInA anya zra thAmAM paNa A zabda maLe che. kSemendranA lokaprakAza''mAM (I. sa. 11 sadI) divirAnA judA judA upabheda ovA maLe che; jemake gaMdavara (bAra-lekhaka), grAmiivara, nagadivara (pura-lekhaka) vagere. karaNa kaNika karaNI zAsanI ane dhamalekhI : bhAratanA judA judA bhAgamAM kAyastha sivAya khInna ghaNA DAAethI lahiyA athavA kArakUnA eLakhAtA hatA. rAjyata MtramAM adhikaraNa (kacerI) sAthe joDAyelA kArTUna 'karaNa' kahevAtA, kAyasthanI mAphaka 'karaNa' paNa dharmAMzAstranI dRSTie mizra varNa nA gaNAtA. kiGAna 'karNika' zabdanuM arthadhaTana 'kAnUnI khata lakhanAra' e rIte kare che. 'karaNika'tA 'karaNana' tarIke nirdeza eka jJAti tarIke nahi, paNa lahiyAe samudra evA thAya che. karaNI zAsanI ane dharmalekhI badhA ja judA judA arthamAM vaparAya che. kAyastha : 'kAyastha'zabda dhAMdhAdArI lahiyAnA varga mATe baMdhabesatA arthanirdeza kare che, A zabdanA sauthI pahela-vahelo ullekha yAjJavalkaya smRtimAM Avyo che. uttara-pUrva bhAratavamAM te AThamI sadI sudhI lekhako kAyatha' tarIke oLakhAtA hatA. Aje te kAyasthanI alaga jJAti banI gaI che. gujarAtamAM kAyasthAnI vastI suratamAM jevA maLe che. e citraguptanA vArasadAra hovAne dAvA kare che. baMgALamAMnI kAyasthItI 12 zAkhAemAMthI phakta gujarAtamAM enI traNa ja zAkhA che: (1) vAlama, (2) mAthura, (3) bhaTanAgara. gujarAtanI A traNu peTAjJAti ekabIjI sAthe TImeTInA vyavahAra karatI nathI, jyAre baMgALamAM ee ekamIjI sAthe rATIbheTIne vyavahAra rAkhe che. dhamazAomAM ene hIna kuLanA gavAmAM AvyA che. eemAM brAhmaNa ane kSatriyanu mizraNa che. sUraja vaja kAyastha potAne 'zAdvipI brAhmaNa' kahevarAve che, jyAre vAlama krAyastha kSatriya jAtanA che, kavi seDhala-racita 'chuyasu darIkathA'mAM emate ullekha maLI Ave che. yAjJava kathasmRtimAM prajAne upadrava karanArAemAM emane khAsa gaNAvyA che. vijJAnezvara A zabdanI TIkA karatAM jaNAve che ke " kAyastha' eTale lekhaka ane 'gaNuka' : gaNanAra- hisAbanIza, eTale prajAjanAne kAyasthAthI khAsa rakSavA jeIe, kAraNa ke rAjAnA mAnItA heAvAne lIdhe ane svabhAve luccA hevAna kAraNe eete dUra karavA muzkela che." dekhItI rIte lAMcaruzavata kAyasthA taraphanA A valaNane mATe javAbadAra che, kSemendra kalAvelAsa pAMcamA sa^)'mAM kAyasthAnI sALa kapa-kalAenuM nirUpaNa karyuM che. rAjatara MgiNInA keTalAka prasa MgAmAM A kuTila prakRtivALA ane vizvAsaghAtI dekhAya che. AgaLa vadhI kaNa jaNAve che ke zabanuM bhakSaNa karavAvALA kara kApAlika potAnA svajanAnI rakSA kare che, paNa pApI kAyastha AtmIya lekeAnA paNa prANa harI le che. 'lekhapaddhati'mAM krAyasthI lolupa krUra ane avizvAsu batAvyA che, jenA vaDe pIDAtI prajAnu' rakSaNa karavuM joie ema krAyanidrA'mAM jaNAvyu che. kAyasthA lahiyA uparAMta daratAve7 lakhAzeAnA lekhaka tarIke pazu niSNAta hatA tethI karIne rAja-darabAramAM ee mahattvanuM sthAna dharAvatA hatA. A leAkeA rAjakAOmAM bhAga letA DAvAthI pathi-drIpAsavAMka ] 1989/eN TI.-nave. [ 63 For Private and Personal Use Only

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sarakArI daphata vize paNa jANatA ane tethI e ghaNu gupta rAjakIya vAte paNa jANatA. caMdelA abhilekhanA lakhANathI spaSTa mAlUma paDe che ke kAyasthI phakta mAnanIya ja nahi, paNa buddhizALI paNa hatA. kAyastha' zabdanAM judAM judAM arthaghaTana che. hAlanA saMdarbhamAM vyakti ke je rAjyanA kAya(zarIra)mAM rahe che tene kAyastha kahevAmAM Ave che. paurANika kalpanA pramANe IzvaranA kAya(zarIra)mAM rahele ane enAmAM rahelI lekhananI athavA to abhijJAnI zakti rajU karatA Adya kAyastha hatA, jemAMthI kAyastha kema udabhavI. tattvajJAnIya arthaghaTana mujaba e kAyara kahevAya che, kAraNa ke badhA ja Adaze tema mahAkAMkSAo enA kAya(zarIra)mAM kendrita thayela che ane e enA sivAya kazAnI paNa darakAra rAkhato nathI. zarUAtamAM kAyastha' eka jJAti athavA varNa na hato, e eka evA mANasonuM saMgaThana hatuM ke jeo judAM judAM vaNe ane jJAtiomAMthI rAjya sevA mATe dAkhala thayelA. samaya jatAM A mANasoe emane paraMparAgata vyavasAya Ubho karyo ane Akhare e eka jJAtimAM pariNamyA. rUDhicusta hiMduo eene zadra sAthe bhaLelA gaNatA chatAM eo rAti tarIke hiMduomAM ghaNuM lAgavaga-bharyuM sthAna dharAvatA hatA. pAdaTIpo 1. prAcIna bhAratamAM graMthalekhana, lekhApana saMgrahaNa ane saMrakSaNa: I.sa. 1300 sudhI (gujarAta yuni.nI pIeca.DI.ne mahA nibaMdha, 1984). 2. nyUlara : inDiyana speliyogrAphI (saM.), muMbaI, 1904 3. kahaNa, "rAjataraMgiNI' (saMpA. sTIna), . 1. 4. bhagavadgomaMDala, bhAga 3 5. babbe gejheTiyara, ve, 9, bhAga 1 - 6. lekhapaddhati, pariziSTa-5 7. dattA vimalakumArI, lAIbrerIjha eNnDa lAibreriyanazipa pha eziyara eDamIDivala InDiyA, dilhI, 1950 * gujarAtabharanI 288 nAgarika sahakArI benkamAM varSothI prathama sthAnagauravavaMtu dharAvatI rAjakoTa nAgarika sahakArI benka li., rAjakeTa (zeDyulDa ko. opa. benka) nAgarika bhavana naM. 1, DhebarabhAI reDa, rAjakeTa-1 phena : 28871-33916-17-18 (pIbIesa) thApaNe : rUA. 129 karoDa? : dhirANe : rU. 86 karoDa lAlajIbhAI rAjadeva esa.ena.trivedI vajubhAI vALA vAIsa ceramena I.cA.meMne.DirekaTara 1989 .-nave. [ pathika- rItsava For Private and Personal Use Only

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sarakArI daphatare vize paNa jANatA ane tethI e ghaNuM gupta rAjakIya vAte paNa jANatA, caMdelA abhilekhanA lakhANathI spaSTa mAlUma paDe che ke kAyastha phakta mAnanIya ja nahi, paNa buddhizALI paNa hatA. kAyastha' zabdanA judAM judAM arthadhaTana che. hAlanA saMdarbhamAM vyakti ke je rAjyanA kAya(zarIra)mAM rahe che tene kAyastha" kahevAmAM Ave che. paurANika kapanA pramANe IzvaranA kAya(zarIra)mAM rahele ane enAmAM rahelI lekhananI athavA te abhijJAnI zakti raju karate aA kAyastha hatA, jemAMthI kAyastha koma uddabhavI. tattvajJAnIya arthaghaTana mujaba e kAyaratha kahevAya che, kAraNa ke badhA ja Adaze tema mahattAkAMkSA o enA kAya(zarIra)mAM kendrita thayela che ane e enA sivAya kazAnI paNa darakAra rAkhato nathI. zarUAtamAM kAyastha eka jJAti athavA varNa na hatuM, e eka evA mANasonuM saMgaThana hatuM ke jeo judAM judAM vaNe ane jJAtiomAMthI rAjya sevA mATe dAkhala thayelA. samaya jatAM A mANase e emane paraMparAgata vyavasAya Ubho karyo ane Akhare e eka jJAtimAM pariNamyA. rUDhicusta hiMduo eene zadra sAthe bhaLelA gaNatA chatAM eo rAti tarIke hiMduomAM ghaNuM lAgavaga-bharyuM sthAna dharAvatA hatA. pAdaTIpa prAcIna bhAratamAM graMthalekhana, lekhApana saMgraha ane saMrakSaNa: I.sa. 1300 | sudhI (gujarAta yuni.nI pIeca.DI. mahA nibaMdha, 1984). 2. byulara : inDiyana peligrAphI (a.), muMbaI, 1904 3. kalhaNa, "rAjataraMgiNI' (saMpA. sTIna), . 1 4. bhagavagemaMDala, bhAga 3 5. bee gejheTiyara, vai. 9, bhAga 1 * 6. lekha paddhati, pariziSTa-5 7. dattA vimalakumArI, lAIbrerIjha enDa lAIbreriyanazipa opha eziyanTa eNnDa mIDivala InDiyA, dihIM, 1910 * gujarAtabharanI 288 nAgarika sahakArI benkamAM varSothI prathama sthAnagauravavaMtuM dharAvatI rAjakoTa nAgarika sahakArI benka, li., rAjakeTa zeDyula ke. pa. benka) nAgarika bhavana naM. 1, DhebarabhAI reDa, rAjakeTa-1 na: 28871-33916-17-18 (pIbIesa) thApaNe : rU. 129 koDa :: dhirANe : rU. 86 karoDa lAbhajIbhAI rAjadeva esa.ena.trivedI vajubhAI vALA vAIsa ceramena i.cA.mene.DirekaTara ceramena 1989 okaTe.-nave. pathika- dotsava For Private and Personal Use Only

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siMdhu saMskRti eika mahattvane patra khaMbhAta, tA. -8-2 ca. bhAI yazodhara, atra sarva kuzaLa che. tamArA baMne patra pahoMcyA che. bIja patramAM ullekha karelA Sind Civilisation vALA lekhe mAruM dhyAna kheMcyuM hatuM. tenuM Cutting mArI phAIlamAM zivazaMkara pAse nakhAvI rAkhyuM che. tamArA patramAM lakhelAM kANethI huM paNa siMdhu nadInuM Civilisation jevuM mAnavAmAM Ave che tevuM svataMtra purAtana mAnI zakuM tema nathI. eka saMskRti nAza pAme ane bIjI praveza pAme e saMbhAvanA bhUlabharelI che. koI paNa saMskRti ekAeka udabhava pAmatI nathI, paraMtu prAcIna thara upara navA AcAravicAronI asara thaI kaMIka viziSTa navuM rUpa baMdhAya che. jayAM sudhI jUnA tharanI saMrakSaka prajA heya che tyAM sudhI jUnuM navuM samajAya che. jayAre junA tharavALI prajAne kramazaH hAla thAya che tyAre navuM saMskaraNa taratuM rahe che. ApaNI Mythology A vastunI sArI rIte sAkha pUre che. asuro (Assyrians) ane deva baMne eka prajApatinA pu mAnyA che. asuro me TA gaNe che eTale jUnI prajA che. deva nAnA eTale navI prajA che. A deve mAMthI devamanuSya thayA ane tyAra pachI mAnavI praja thaI evI kalpanA che. vedanAM purAtana suktamAM "jArI tarI" vagere na samajAya tevA zabda Ave che ane tenA arthe pANininA samayamAM paNa aspaSTa thaI gayA hatA. sidhu nadInI prajA kadAca sthAnika vatanIonI heya e saMbhavita che, paraMtu Ethnically AthI taddana nirALo nahi haiya, eTaluM to A mAhajo daDo vagerenA avazeSathI sAbita thAya che ke zivazaktinI pUgya bhAvanA ghaNI purANI lAge che. asuro ane daityanA ziva pUjya manAyA che e paurANika bhAvanAne Teke maLe che ane A siMdhamAM laya pAmelI jAtinA avazeSe te trAja jAtinA manuSyo hatA ema mAruM mAnavuM che. vAnA AcAra-vicAra vaidikanA karatAM ghaNA judA hatA, paraMtu teo saMpattivALA ane vepArI varganA hatA ema spaSTa samajAya che. tratye zivapUjaka hatA. siMdha pradezanI purAtana saMskRtinI bAbatamAM sArA yuddhamAM ada-sUtonI vizeSa parIkSA karI koI jAtano vadhAre prakAza pADI zakAya ke kema te vicAravAnuM che. tenuM sthAna, temAM bhAga lenAra rAjAo, tenA deza vagere tAravA jevAM che. mahArASTrIya jJAnakezamAM kaMIka prayatna thayo che. A yuddhamAM siMdha sevIranA mulakanA rAjA prajAnAM nAma nikaLe te samajAya ke te prajAnuM rU5, AcAra, vicAra kyAM hatAM. avakAza hoya teNe vicAravAnA muddA ghaNA che. li. narmadAzaMkaranA AzIvAda noMdha: amArI ragata AtmIya mitra zrI. vagedhara narmadAzaMkara mahetAe amadAvAda 4, tA. 14-4-88nA divase uparanA patranI karelI nakalanA hAMsiyAmAM jaNAveluM ke [priya zrI. ke. kA. zAstrI, vizva hiMdu samAcAra'nA eprila '89 aMkamAM tamAre vizada taMtrIlekha vAMcI gaye. AthI 5 varSa pahelAM mArA pitAzrIe Arya saMskRti tathA siMdhu saMskRti saMbaMdhamAM mane lakhelA patranI nakala tamane saha mokaluM chuM, je tamArA vicArane puSTi Ape che. mArA pitAzrIne A patra temanA zatAbdI-graMthamAMthI lIdhela che. majAmAM hazo. - li. yazodhara mahetAnAM sneha] -taMtrI pathika-dIpabhUvAMka | 1989 ka-nave. For Private and Personal Use Only

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prAcIna upaniSadamAM nArI nirUpaNuM Do. kAntilAla rA. dave "ghaNIkharI mAnavasaMskRtione ItihAsa batAve che ke ApaNe jema jema pAchaLanA kAlamAM jaIe chIe tema tema strIonI sAmAnya sthiti vadhu ne vadhu asaMtoSakAraka mAlUma paDe che. A bAbatamAM hiMdu saMskRti apUrva che, kAraNa ke emAM ApaNane sAmAnya niyamane apavAda maLe che. jema jema ApaNe pAchaLa jaIe chIe tema tema ekathI vadhu kSetromAM strIonI sthiti saMtoSakAraka dekhAya che." Do. e. esa. akaranuM A vidhAna bhAratIya itihAsamAM upaniSakAlane jeTaluM lAgu paDe che teTaluM bhAgye ja bIjA koI kAlane lAgu pADI zakAya ema che. tatkAlIna vizvanA koI paNa dezanA koI paNa nArIsamAjane bhAratIya nArI karatAM viziSTa te zuM, bhAratIya nArInI samakakSa pratiSThA paNa bhAgye ja prApta thaI haze. upanikAlamAM parivAramAM putrInuM sthAna putra karatAM kaI rIta hIna mAnavAmAM AvatuM hatuM, eTaluM ja nahi, bu. upa (6-4-17)mAM prApta ulekha anusAra te keTalAka saMskArI parivAramAM paMDitA duhitAnI prApti mATe viziSTa prakArane vina karavAmAM ane tuM te, tyAre putranI jema putrIne paNa adhyayana-arthe upanayana-saMskArathI dIkSita karavAmAM AvatI hatI. AvI kanyAo saMbhavataH AcArya pitA pAse athavA najIkanA AcAryakuLamAM vAsa karI brahmacarya pUrvaka vidyAbhyAsa pUrNa karatI evA upaniSadanA pUrva vatI atharvava (15-5-18)mAM prApta ulekha parathI upaniSatkAlamAM paNuM AvI vyavasthAnA astitvanuM anumAna karavAmAM koI vAMdho nathI, je kalamAM ghejA-apAlA jevA maMtradraSTI pikAonI vAtadAra jevI gArga-marolInAM vidhAteja tapatAM hoya te kAlanA samAje kanyA zikSaNunI sucAru vyavasthA avazya vicArI ja haze. tatkAlIna viduSIomAMnI keTalIke adhyApikAne vyavasAya svIkArI kanyAzikSaNa ApavAnuM kartavya avazya banAvyuM haze ja ema pANinie vyAkaraNa aSTAdhyAyI (6-2-86 ane 3-8-22)mAM karelA aA kA mATenA upAdhyAyA' ane kanyA-chAtrAlayA mATe "saH zAstrApA" evA ullekho parathI kahI zakAya ema che. upaniSatkAlamAM (1) brahmavAdinI ane (2) soddhAhA ema be prakAranI vidyArthinIonA ulekha prApta thAya che. AjIvana naiSThika brahmacaryanuM pAlana karI jIvananAM gUDha rahasyonuM jJAna meLavavA brahmaciMtanamAM ja jIvana sArthakatha mAnanArI kathAo "brahmavAdinI' tarIke oLakhAtI, jyAre vidyAvyAsanA ane yogya jIvanasAthI sAthe lagna karI gRhasthAzramamAM pravezanArI kanyAe sohAhAtarIke oLakhAtI. upanikAlamAM gAgI ane evI A prakAranI strIonAM Adarza udAharaNa che. sahAhAprakAranI kanyA vidyAbhyAsanI samApti bAda lagna karatI hovAthI pukhta vaye emanAM lagna thatAM hevAnuM anumAna karI zakAya. alabatta, cha. u5.(1-10-1, 4-2-3)mAM apavAdarUpe bAlavivAhanA sadidha saMketa prApta thAya che kharA. upaniSatkAlIna samAja puruSasattAka hovA chatAM parivAranA kendrasthAne patnI ja hovAnuM jaNAya che. upaniSadomAM pati-patnI baMne mATe prayukta daMpatI" zabdane artha thAya che. gharanAM svAmI. e ja rIte upaniSadoma bahula prayukta" "pati ane patnI' zabda paNa gRhasvAmI ane gRhasvAminI" enA arthanA hotaka che. A zabdaprayoga upaniSatkAlamAM pati-samovaDI panInAM gauravamaya sthAnabhAnuM sUcana kare che. AvA ja sthAnamAnane lacaka jAva' zabada paNa upaniSada (pR. u5. 1-4-17, 4-5-6, chAM. 1-10-1, 1-10-17 vagere)mAM vAraMvAra prayojAyela jovA maLe che. bu. upa (-4-17) 1989 okaTe--nave. [ pathi-vIpesavAM For Private and Personal Use Only

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www.kobatir.. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir mAM spaSTa ullekha maLe che ke puruSa jAyAne prApta karyA pachI ja pUrNa bane che. bR. upa.(1-4-17)mAM sRSTinA sarjana artha brahmane paNa jAyanI kAmanA karanAra tarIke darzAvIne upanivakAre jAyAnA padanI dhanyatA ja sUcavI che. patnI mATe prayukta bhAryA' zabdanI gaNanA chAM. upa.(7-24-2)mAM tatkAlIna mahimAdyotaka taromAM thayelI jotAM upaniSatkAlamAM nArInA mahanIya gauravanuM anumAna thaI zake ema che. pR. upa.(6-4-6,6)mAM strInI lamI sAthe karavAmAM AvelI tulanA A saMdarbhamAM sUcaka che. upaniSatkAlamAM chAM. u5. 2-13 mAM) maithunanI vAjapeya yajJa sAthe karavAmAM AvelI tulanA ane mR. u5.(6-4-3)mAM vAmadeva-kata maithunane kArarUpa gaNI enI upAsanA karavAno apAyela Adeza batAve che ke upaniSatkAlamAM nArIne bhogavilAsanuM ramakaDuM nahi, paNa dharmAcaraNanuM sAdhana mAnavAmAM AvatI hatI. upanikAlamAM sagarbhAvasthA prastAvasthA ke rajasvalAvasthA jevA viziSTa saMjoge mAM nArInI svataMtratA para kAmacalAu pratibaMdha mUkavAmAM AvatA. A sivAyanA saMjogomAM e mukta rIte samAjamAM vicaratI jaNAya che. TheTha I. sa. pUrve 200 sudhI nArI dhArmika sAhitya bhaNavA mATe ane niyA yo karavA mATe pUrepUrI adhikAra thI hevAnuM che. atakara paNa noMdhe che. A svataMtratAnA phalasvarUpe upaniSadakAlIna nArI adhyApikA (bR. upa. 3-3-1), pezaskArI (chI. upa. 4-4-4), zaMgArasevakA (ka. u5, 1-4) ane dAsI (chAM. u5, 5-11-2, pR. upa. 6-1-10) jevA vyavasAya svIkArI parivAranI Arthika saMgharatAmAM sahabhAginI banatI jovA maLe che, patinI anupasthitimAM patinI milaktamAM patnInA uttarAdhikAranAM darzane da(7-4-8)nI jema upaniSatkAlamAM paNa thAya che. pR. upa.(2-4 ane 4-5)mAM parivrAjakavRttine svIkAra vakhate gIzvara yAjJavalkaya pitAnI saMpatti pitAnI be bhAIo vacce vaheMcI ApavAno prastAva mUke che enAthI A hakIktanuM samarthana thAya che, aputra sadhavA ke vidhavA upaniSatkAlamAM potAnA diyara ke mAnya puruSa dvArA nigapaddhatithI putroSaNa saMtoSI zaktI ane putrarUpI AdhAra prApta karI zakatI. koIka kAraNosara vyabhicAranA bhAge vaLatI strIne e mArge jatI aTakAvI enI pachI saMtoSatI A paddhati upaniSadakAlamAM paNa supratiSThita hovAnuM jaNAya che. upaniSatkAlamAM AcArya uddAlaka AruNinI panIe patinI saMmatithI patinA ziSya dvArA putra zvetaketune nigapaddhatithI prApta karyo hovAnuM mahAbhArata (zAtiparva 34-22) upaniSahAlamAM jyAM jayAM pUjyatAna saMdarbhamAM mAtApitA ane AcAryane ulekha thayela che tyAM tyAM mAtAne sarvaprathama apAyelA sthAna parathI mAtAnI pUjanIyatA ane tatkAlIna pratiSThAnuM anumAna thaI zake che. TI. upa.(1-11-2)mAM "rAvo mag' e vAkyamAM A ja bhAvanAne pratighoSa sAMbhaLavA maLe che. e kAlamAM AcAryapatnIne paNa mAtAnI samakakSa pratiSThA prApta thaI hatI. AcAryapatnI sAthenA vyabhicArane chAM. upa.(5-109)mAM brahmahatyA-samAna pApa gaNavAmAM AvyuM che. mAtAnI jema ja upaniSatkAlIna parivAramAM svasA arthAt bahenanuM paNa atyaMta saMmAnanIya sthAna hatuM. cho. upa (-2-4)mAM thayelA vasUlekanA ullekhane AnA samarthanamAM TAMkI zakAya. upanikAlamAM sAmAnya janamAM ekapatnItva-prathA pracalita hatI. zrImaMta vargamAM bahupatnItvanI prayAnuM pracalana hevAnuM bu. upa.(4-5-1, 2)mAM maLatA yogIzvara yAjJavalakathanI be patnIonA ullekhanA AdhAre kahI zakAya. avaidika evI bahupatitva-prathAne upaniSatkAlamAM kaI ullekha maLato nathI, pathika-dIpesavAMka]. 1989oka -nave. [ 65 For Private and Personal Use Only

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chatAM satyakAma jAbAla ke gAgaputra jevA strIpradhAna ke mAtRnAmo gata raSionA mR. upa.(6-5-1,2)mAM prApta ulekhone AdhAre keTalAka upaniSatkAlamAM A prathA amalamAM hovAnuM jaNAve che, paNa AvA virala saMdigdha ullekhanA AdhAre kaMI mahatvapUrNa nirNaya karavo yogya nathI. upaniSatkAlamAM naitikatAnAM dhAraNa eka dara khUba UMcAM hatAM. AthI ja te rAjA azvapati keka jevA evo dAvo karatA darzAvAyA che ke "mAra rAjyamAM ke I vyabhicArI strI ke puruSanI hayAtI nathI." (chAM. upa. pa-11-5). alabatta, chAcArI strIpuruSanA jUja udAharaNa kaTha, upa.(1-5), chAM. upa.(pa-10-10, . upa(1-5) tathA bu. upa (-3-12 ane 4-4-1, 2)mAM prApta to thAya che ja, bR. upa.(4-4-1, 2)mAM satyakAmanI mAtA jabAla svamukhe pitAnA aneka puruSo sAthenA jAtIya saMbaMdhone ekarAra karatI nirUpAI che. upaniSatkAlamAM adhyApana ke zAstrArtha jevI jAhera pravRttiomAM mukta paNe bhAga letI strIonA ullekha (mR. upa.3-3-1 ane 3-8-1) tatkAlIna samAjamAM ghUM ghaTa-prathAnA astitvanI gavAhI pUre che. upanikAlamAM zikSaNanI vizALa taka ane sAmAjika jAgRtinA kAraNe tackAlIna nArI pragatinI Toca para pahoMcelI jovA maLe che. gAgI ane maitreyI to graMhmayajJanI RSikA tarIke kAti phelAyelI hatI. brahmavida rAjA janakanA "bahudakSiNa yajJa' prasaMge meLavelA brahmogha(zAstrArtha)mAM tatkAlIna sarvazreSTha brahmavida gaNAtA AcArya yAjJavakane aLatAthI sAmane karatA, emane paDakAratI, mUMjhavatI, hataprabha ane Azcaryacakita karI detI gauravavaMtA gArgI e bhAratIya itihAsamAM pitAnuM nAma suvarNakSare aMkita karI dIdhuM che.8 e ja rIte pati maMgala gRhasthajIvanane ajavALatAM, bhramarakITanyAye, brahmavAdinInI bhavya bhUmikAe pahoMcelI ane he bhagavana! vittathI bharelI AkhI pRthvI maLe teya huM zuM enAthI emara thaI zakIza? jenAthI huM amara na thAuM te laIne huM zuM karuM ?" (mR. upa. 2-4-2) ema khumArIpUrvaka pUchatI, bhAre bhautika saMpattine ThukarAvatI, jJAnanA geruvA raMge raMgAyelI yAjJavalakathanI garavI guDhaNI maitreyInuM udAharaNa bhAratIya ItihAsanuM prajajavala prakaraNa che. che. rAmajI upAdhyAyanA zabda A saMdarbhamAM dhyAnArha che. emAM lakhe che ke "emAM koI paNa saMdeha nathI ke vaidika AryonA samAjamAM nArInI sthiti eTalI unnata hatI ke Aje vIsamI sadImAM paNa vizvanuM adhimAM adhika rASTra paNa evo dAvo karI zake ema nathI ke eNe Aje paNa nArIne eTaluM unnata sthAna pradAna karyuM che." che. saMskRtavibhAga, saradAra paTela yunivarsiTI, vallabhavidyAnagara-388120 pAdaTIpa : 1. che. atekara e. esa. (anu. che. mAMkaDa DI. Ara) : prAcIna bhAratamAM zikSaNa, pR.3 2. I. pU. pAMcamI sadImAM lakhAyela sUtragraMthomAM strIonA upanayana-saMskAranA spaSTa ullekha maLe che. manusmRti (2-226) paNa kanyAonA upanayana-saMskArano ullekha kare che. yama jevA manusmRtiparavRta skRtikAra paNa atyaMta prAnIna hAlamAM strIonA upanayana-saMskAra ulekha kare che. vedAdhyayana mATe A saMskAranI anivAryatAthI paNa upanikAlamAM enA pracalananuM anumAna thaI zake che, 4. bu. upa. 6-4-3 vagere 5. De. anekara e. ema. (anu. De, mAMkaDa DI. Ara) : upavuM kata, pR. 170-11 che. mR. upa. 4-1-2 thI 4 7 ba. upa, 3-8-1 8, ha. upAdhyAya rAmajI : prAcIna bhAratakI sarakRtika mUpikA, pR. 96 1989o .-nave. [ pathika-dIpotsavAMka For Private and Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya prAcIna saMskRtimAM samAyelAM videzI tattva che. hariprasAda zAstrI jyAre koI be bhina saMskRti parasapara saMparka mAM Ave che tyAre e baMnemAM parasparanI vattIochI asara thayA vinA rahetI nathI. bhAratavarSanA keTalAka leka vepAra vasavATa dharma prasAra vagere mATe paDozI dezamAM jaI vasyA tyAre eonAM dharma, bhASA, sAmAjika rAjakIya paraMparAo ItyAdinI vatIochI asara te te dezanI sthAnika prajA upara thaI. zrIlaMkA ba thAIpradeza cIna vagere dezomAM pravartate bauddha dharma AnuM sacoTa daSTAMta che. zrIlaMkA tathA InDoneziyAnI bhASAomAM bhAratIya bhASAenI vipula asara pravarte che. videzamAM vaselA bhAratIya upara te te dezanI saMskRtinI paNa amuka asara thatI hatI ne thAya che. evI rIte vijaya vasavATa vepAra vagere kAraNee bhAratavarSamAM AvI vaselI videzI prajAoe eka bAju bhAratIya saMskRti ghaNe aMze AtmasAta karI lIdhI ne bIjI bAjae prajAonI keTaloka siddhionI asara bhAratIya prajAe paNa apanAvI hatI. bhAratavarSamAM IrAnanA hakhAmanI vaMzanA rAjAoe keTalAka pradeza para potAnI sattA jamAvI tyAre eonA sAmrAjyamAM prayojAyelI ArAmI-lipi parathI uttara-pazcima bhAratavarSamAM kharoSThI nAme avananI lipi prajAI. A lipi pachInA videzI zAsakoe gheDI sadIo sudhI cAlu rAkhI, paraMtu IsvI bIjI sadI pachI e dhIme dhIme lupta thaI gaI. rAjadarabAra rAjazAsane mahelAto staMbhe vageremAM paNa IrAnanI keTalIka asara varatAya che. AgaLa jatAM IrAnanA maga leka mAraphate uttara bhAratavarSamAM sUryanI darAnI vezabhUSA dharAvatI pratimAne pUjavAnuM pracalita thayuM. sUryanAM vividha svarUpamAM "mitrane samAveza thate, have "mihirane paNa samAveza thA. mahAna sikaMdare uttara-pazcima bhAra varSa sudhI vijaya viratAryo, paraMtu e apachI nIvaDyo ne bhAratIya sAhityamAM enI bhAgyeja kaMI nedha levAI. sikaMdaranI caDAInI sIdhI asara hivata lekhAya, chatAM enI parokSa asara nedhapAtra che. A caDAIe bhAratavarSa ane yuropa vacceno mArga mokaLo ke, bhAratavarSane pazcimI senAne ane enI yuddha paddhatino paricaya karA be ne ahIMnAM vibhinna rAjyone beka sAmrAjaya nIce saMgaThita karyA. prajAvAcaka vavana' zabda ane lipivAcaka yavanAnI' zabada saMskRtamAM pracalita thayA. cIna sAthenA vANijiyaka saMbaMdhamAMthI saMskRta sAhityamAM "cInAMzuka' zabda pracalita thayo. sikaMdara pachI selyukasa ane enTika 3 e uttara-pazcima bhAratavarSa suttara sattA jamAvavA naSphaLa yatna karyA, paraMtu meTriyAnA grIkone A dizAmAM vadhu saphaLa ne sAMpaDI. bhAratIya sAhityamAM yavanonAM AkramamAM ullekha karAyA che. e bhAra rIya yavana rAjAonA sikkAoe bhAratIya kakkA-paddhati upara pitAnI spaSTa asara pravartAvI. pachI AvyA IrAnanA palava zAsako. emAMnA keTalA rAjA genasika samayamAM pahelI dImAM) khristI dharmanA seTa Tomasa bhAratavarSamAM AvelA evI hitI anuzruti che. bhAratIya bhilekhamAM saLaMga saMvatanAM varSonuM pracalana pahelavaheluM A padlava rAjAnA abhilekhama jevA ne che, A parathI keTalAka e saMvatane vikramanuM Adya svarUpa gaNAvI enI upara pahalava rAjAo the sAMkaLe che, paraMtu e tarka ghaNe zaMkAspada Tharyo che, yavane ane phUlonI jema zake paNa bhAratavarSamAM AvyA ne enA keTalAka bhAgamAM sattArUDha che. eo dvArA IrAnI rAjyataMtrane "satrapa' zabda "kSatrapa rUpAMtara pAmI bhAratavarSamAM pracalita thaze. kSatrapa cATananA samayamAM ahIM zaka saMvata zarU thaye (I. sa. 78 mAM), je adyaparvata cAlu che. thika-dIpesavAMka] 1989)ekaTa-nave. For Private and Personal Use Only

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keTalAka vidvAna bhAratIya nATathazAstramAM jaNAvelI keTalIka paraMparAomAM zonI asara hovAnuM mAne che; jemake "svAmina' "bhadramukha ane "rASTriya zabdanA prayogamAM. cAnikA (paDade) zabdanuM tAtpardha zaMkAspada che, paraMtu bhAratIya rAjao yAvanI strIone pitAnI sevAmAM rAkhatA hatA e nizcita che. varAhamihire nirUpala paMcasiddhAtimAM, khAsa karIne piliza ane romaka siddhAMtamAM videzI jatipaddhatio karatAya che. bhAratIya tiSamAM zaka saMvatane apAyeluM mahatva paNa A saMdarbhamAM noMdhapAtra che. geraka vaMzanA sikkAomAM tathA gupta samrAToe pazcima bhAratavarSa mATe paDAvelA cAMdInA sikkAomAM spaSTataH kSatrapa-sikkAonuM anukaraNa raheluM che. buddhanuM dehika svarUpa AlekhavAmAM temaja bauddha dharmanA mahAyAnanA uddabhavamAM paNa zAsakenuM pradAna mahatvanuM gaNAya che. zaka kSatranI jema kuSANenA sikakAone paNa pachInAM aneka rAjyanA sikkAo para prabhAva varatAya che. khAsa karIne magadhanA gupta samrATonA senAnA sikkAo upara sAsAnI tathA hRNa rAjAonA zAstra daramyAna ahIM je sikkA pracalita thayA teono prabhAva e zAsananA aMta pachI paNa saikAo sudhI cAlu rahyo... dUgoe bauddha vihArane tathA nAlaMdA vidyApIThane ghaNuM nukasAna karyuM hatuM. gurjara bhAratavarSanA heya ke videzathI AyA heya, paNa eo dU sAthe gADha saMbaMdha dharAvatA hatA evuM mAlUma paDe che. rAjapUtanI 36 jAtio dUne samAveza karavA mAM AvyuM che. bhAratIya sikakAzAstramAM be videzI zabda ghaNA prayalita thayA hatA. Amane eka che dama, je grIka bhASAnA "dama" parathI vyutpanna thayo che. "dama" zabada saMskRta sAhityamAM ThekaThekANe prayojAyo che, gujarAtI zabda "dA saMskRta rUpa" "ma'ma thI utarI Avyo che. bIjo zabda che 'dIvAra', je romana bhASAnA "dInAriyasamAMthI udabhavyuM che. drigsa" ane "dInAra' mULamAM anukrame amuka telanA grIka ane romana rilkAonAM nAma hatAM. - romana sAmrAjya bhAratavarSa sAthe gADha vANijyika saMbaMdha dharAvatuM tyAre e bhAratavarSamAMthI aneka Avazyaka vastuonI AyAta karatuM ne enA vinimayamAM enI pAse nikAsa karavAnI vastuo na hevAthI ene bhAratIya vastuonuM mUlya nANAmAM cUkavavuM paDatuM. pariNAme bhAratavarSamAM, khAsa karIne dakSiNa bhAratavarSamAM, romana samrATenA senAnA saMkhyAbaMdha sikkA maLI AvyA che. "ramA' nagarIne nirdeza bhAratavarSanA sAhityamAM mahAbhArata(sabhA parva)thI mane upalabdha che. romana "empha' nAme madirA-pAtronA namUnA gujarAtamAM paNa prApta thayA che. tiSamAM ahIM "romaka ri ddhAMta' paNa pracalita hatA. bhAratIya jyotiSamAM pahelAM nakSatronuM mahatra hatuM. mevadi 12 rAzi bhAratavarSamAM AgaLa jatAM videzathI, prAyaH khAdayAmAMthI AvI pracalita thaI lAge che. aMdhaka mAsa ahIM cheka vedakAlathI pracalita hatA, paraMtu vAra AgaLa AvatAM pracalita thayA che. keTalAka vidvAne sAta vAranI paddhati bhAratavarSamAM videzathI AvI hovAnuM mAne che. bhAratIya zilpakalAmAM mayura -zailImAM mukhya bhAratIya heleneTika asara mukhya hevAnuM mAlUma paDe che bhAratavarSanAM keTalAMka rItarivAjemAM videzI asara hevAnuM sUcavAyuM che, paraMtu ene lagatA tarka zaMkAra ke vivAdAspada lAge che, chatAM upara jaNAvyA mujaba bhAratavarSamAM AvI vaselI videzI prajAnA prabhAvathI bhAratIya prAcIna saMskRtimAM aneka videzIya tAva samAviSTa thayAM. zrIlaMkA ane InDoneziyA jevA alpa-vikasita dezomAM tyAM jaI vaselA bhAratI dvArA bhAratIya saMskRtinI asara vipula prathANamAM thayelI. cIna jevA vikasita deza sAthenA saMparkamAMya mUkhya asara bhAratavarSanA bauddha dharmanA prasAranI thaI. bhAratavarSanA aneka bauddha vidvAna cIna gayA ne cInanA aneka zravaNe bhAratavarSamAM AvyA, paraMtu e be dezo vacce sAMskRtika saMbaMdha mukhyatve 68] 1989 -nave. [ pathika-dIpitsava For Private and Personal Use Only

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ekamAgI rahyo. eTale enu mukhya nimitta cInamAM bhAratanA bauddha dharma vize rahela jijJAsA tathA anurAganuM hatuM, Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir bhAratavarSamAM uttara-pazcima bAjurI AvelI aneka videzI prajAmAmAM mukhya hatI pazcima eziyAmAMthI AvevI eziyAi ke yuropayana prajAmbhe), eenAM zAsana tathA vasavATane lIdhe bhAratavarSanI tatkAlIna sauMskRtimAM te te prajAnAM keTalAka videzI tattva samAveza pAmyA, paraMtu enI sarakhAmaNIe e bhAratavarSamAM AvI vaselI e videzI praznaoe ahI'nI saMskRti, khAsa karIne ahIMnA dharma, apanAvI levAmAM eTale utsAha dharAvelA ke eenI rAjasattAnA hrAsa thatAM ee kramaza: bhAratIya samAjamAM bhaLatA gayA ne aMte ahInI prajAmAM vilIna thaI gayA. khristI yahUdI jaracastI ane islAma jevA dharmonA anuyAyI bhAratamAM vasIne potAnA dharmanuM alaga astitva TakAvI rahyA, paraMtu bhASA paheraveza khArAka ane rItaravALamAM eenIra bhAratIya saMskRtinI asara vipula pramANamAM prasarI. vibhinna saMskRtie.nA saparka thatAM paraspara ara vatta!AzA pramANamAM thatI rahe e svAbhAvika che. nUtana nAgarika sahakArI baeNnka, limiTeDa (ji.oNphisa): ra/i maskatI mArkeTa, kapAsiyA bajAra, amadAvAda-2 senTrala oNphisa : (eDaminisTreTiva oNphisa) vikaToriyA jayubilI haeNoNspiTala sAme, DaoN.mAbAI mAga, pAMcakUvA, amadAvAda-380002, ke,na. 342642, 348618 baeNnkanI zAkhAonI mAhitI ADiTa vaga a' (1) meina oNksa (matI mArkeTa), (2) kApaDIvADa zAkhA, (3) zAMti kamiza yala, senTara zAkhA, (4) AzramaroDa zAkhA, (5) rakhiyAla zAkhA, (6) bApunagara zAkhA, (7) vAsaNA zAkhA (seik DipojhiTa vAlDa sAthe), (8)DrAiva ina roDa (memanagara) zAkhA (seipha DipojhiTa volTa sAthe), (9) pAMjarApALa zAkhA (seipha DipejhiTa volTa sAthe) caramana : zrI AtmArAma bheAgIlAla sutariyA zrI kalyANabhAI pI. phaDiyA manejiMga DirekaTara - * zrI jayaMtIlAla atmArAma zAha joinTa menejiMga DirekTara adhikRta zera bhaDALa kula Avela zera bha'TALa rijhavA phDa ItyAdi tA. 30-6-89 nA baeNnkanA pragatidarzaka AMkaDA rUA. 2,00,00,000/- thANA rUA. 27,29,61,000/rUA. 1,30,15000/- dhirANA rUA. 23,18,86,000 rUA. 4,92,75,000/- kAryakArI rUA. 37,43,15,000 bhuMDALa nA rUA. 1,12,48,000/ A vividha bacata yAjanAe tathA anya baeNnkiMga sevAo maMgenI vigatavAra mAhitI mATe baeNnkanI najIkanI zAkhAnA rUbarU saMparka sAdho. janarala maeNnejara tryaMbaka bhupatANI : pathikaTTIpAlsavAMka [ 69 1989/e kaTA.-nave. For Private and Personal Use Only

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prAcIna madhya ane Adhunika yuganuM' zaherI AyAjana preA. jI. vI. paTela Ch zaherI AyeAjana e bhAratanA AjanA samayanA eka mahattvanA prazna che. jUnAM ane navAM zaheromAM jhaDapathI vadhatI vastIne kAraNe zaherI Aye jana( City Planning)nI samasyA zaherI AyeAjakA (City Planters) mATe viTaMbaNArU pa che, bAravatuM zaherI AyeAjana khUba ja prAcIna samayathI thatuM AyuM che. madhyayugamAM paNa zaheranA vikAsa thayA hatA. Adhunika samayanAM navAM zahero jhaDapathI vadhatI vastAne kAraNe aneka avanavI samasyAmAM vIMTaLAtAM naya che. . jUnAM zaherAnu` Avejana harAmAM keTalIka muzkelIe che, te navAM zahera vadhu ne vadhu vikasatAM jAya che. A badhu zaherI Ayojana karavA mATe mApaNI pAse Arthika vikAsanI sImA maryAdita che. prAcIna madhyayugIna ane Adhunika samayanAM zahera-maeNnA AyeAjana vagerenA abhyAsa ApaNA sau mATe agatyanA khanI rahe che. bhAratamAM zaherI AyojananA viSaya naveza nathI, paraMtu A AyAjana vizvamAM sauthI vadhu prAcIna che. hA, kadAca AjanA jeTale vikaTa prazna prAcIna samayanAM nagara-zaherAmAM na hatA e cekkasa vAta che, paraMtu nagarAno vyavasthita vizvAsa karI lekabhogya sagavaDo yogya rIte prApta karAya evu Ayojana prAcIna samayamAM hatuM. bharatavanuM A prAcIna nagara-Aye!jana ApaNane e rIte jANavA maLe che : (1) jUnA dhArmikathAmAM AvatAM prAsatrika varNanA parathI ane (ra) zilpa sthApatya ane Ayojana yAta che te tathA khAdakAma karatAM prApta thAya che te. prAcIna samayamAM nagara-khAyeAjana hatuM emAM be mata nathI, paraMtu A AyeAjana kaeNvA prakAranu hatu' ane keTalA aMze hatu e bAbata mahattvanI banI rahe che. Aje ApaNe bhAratavarSanAM madhyayugI mutrala--samaya ane Adhunika samayanA zaherAnu Ayojana tema zilpa-sthApatya vagere jeIe chIe tyAre ApaNane ema thAya che ke A te keMdAca 1000 varSa pUrvetu ja badhu che. A bAbata vyApaka nathI, para Mtu zaherI AyAjananI khAkhatA viSaya khUba ja sUkSma ane UMDANapu`kanI samaja tema sa`zeAdhana mAgI le tevA che. prAcIna nagara-AyAjanane mATe bIjI bAbata e che ke e badhuM ApaNu peAtAnuM ja che ke pachI vizvanA anya dezomAMthI AyAta thayeluM che? A prAcIna para dharA ane nagara-baAojana saMbaMdhI pragAmAMthI prApta thAya che. khAne vistRta abhyAsa aneka pazcimanA ane bhAratanA vidyAtAe karyo che, A viSaya upara aMka purata paNa pragaTa thayAM che. keTalAka loko ema mAne che ke bhAratavaSa~tu nagara-AyAjana ge pazcimanA dezAnI bheTa che. Avu mAnanArAgmAe kadAca ApaNo saMskRtinA prAcIna graMthA na paNa vAMcyA haiAya. nagara-AyeAjana vize gerasamaja UbhI karanArAme khIkhI. dattanI enziyanTa inDiyata TAunaplAni'ga', DaoN. prasannakumAra AcAya nuM 'enasAikalepIDiyA eNka hindu ArkiTekacara', nAgaNa bhaTTAcAryanuM e sTaDI oNna vAstuvidyA' ane haeNnsa oNpha InDiyana ArkiTekacara', DaeN. DI. ena. zukalanuM 'hindu sthApatya Ara ArkiTekacara', haiM. vaijanAtha purInuM 'sIrIjha eNk eziyanTa InDiyA', esa, pigeTanu 'enziyaTa siTIjha oNpha inDiyA' ane I.bI valanuM enziyanTa eNnDa miDaIvala ArkiTekacara' vagere avayya vAMcavAM joie. 7 ] 1989/AkaTA.-nave. [ pathikaTTIpAsavAM For Private and Personal Use Only

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uparyukta vidvAnoe pitAnAM pustakamAM bhAratavarSanA prAcIna nagara-Ayojana vize khUba lakhyuM che. prAcIna samayamAM paNa bhAratavarSamAM ucca prakAranuM nagara-Ayojana hatuM, eTaluM ja nahi, bhAratavarSanuM nagara-Ayojana tema udyAna zilpa sthApataza vagere vizvanA anya dezomAM gayAM che. meheM-jo-daDe haDappA nAlaMdA takSazitA vagerenAM avaze ane sthApatya parathI bhAratavarSanuM nagara-Ayojana spaSTa jANI zakAya che. pazcimanA mahAna sthApatyanA jANakAra I. bI. hevale jaNAvyuM che ke yuropanA bAgabagIcAnuM zaherI AyojananuM vijJAna bhAratavarSanA prAcIna nagara-AyojananA siddhAMtathI AgaLa vadhI zakayuM nathI. bhAratavarSamAM ucca koTinAM nagara-Ayojana ane zilpa-sthApatya khUba ja prAcIna che ane Aje paNa eno vikAsa thaI rahyo che. mahAkAvya-samayamAM bhAratavarSanA nagarenAM vistRta ane sUkSma varNana che. hopakinse lakhyuM che: 'rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhAratanA samaya daramyAnanAM nagara-AyojanathI e spaSTa thAya che ke tyAM rAjA rAjakumAra pradhAne amAtya tathA senAnAyakanAM mahAlaya te banatAM hatAM, sAthe sAthe nivAsIya makAne tathA vizALa prAsAde uparAMta sabhAgRha, maMDapa tema anya vastuo hatI.' adhyA zaizAlI kauzAmbI kikidhA vagere nagaro I sa. pU. 1000 varSa pUrve hatAM. nagaro jeke vizALa hatAM temaja enI racanA evI hatI ke emAM vividha sagavaDe prApta thatI, chatAM AmAM keTalIka bAbate vivAdAspada jANavA maLe che. che. hasamukha sAMkaLikAnA mata mujaba "A samayanAM narene vistAra kAlpanika ane varNane thoDA ghaNA aMze ja sAcAM jovA maLe che. nagaranAM je pramANe varNana thayAM che te pramANe purAvA ochA jovA maLe chejemake ayodhyA bAra yoja : lAMbI ane traNa yojanA paheLI hatI, laMkA 30 ejana paheLI ane uttarakAMDa pramANe 100 ejana lAMbI hatI. A rIte je varNana che te pramANe bahu ja ochuM prApta thAya che. ayodhyA ane laMkA mAMTAM nagara hatAM. nagAre ane gepura hatAM, adhyA eka ja mArga para vasI hatI, jayAre enI sarakhAmaNImAM kiSkindhAne aneka mArgo hatA. rastA dhULiyA hatA tethI pANI chaMTAtuM. ayodhyAmAM rAtre dIvA mukAtA. A samaye A nagaromAM mahele prAsAda, nAnAmoTA ceka, citrazALA kIDAgRha vagere hatAM, paraMtu pAchaLanAe e emAM kAlpanika ane kavikalpanAo vaDe umero karI vadhAro karyo che. I. pU. 300 pUrve lakhAyelA kauTilyanA arthazAstramAM tagara-Aye jana saMbaMdhI saTa vigatavAra mAhitI che. nagarIne vana pula tathA nadIthI rakSaNa apAtuM. rAjyanI rAjadhAnIone sAMkaDI banatI aTakAvavA mATe vastIne keTalAka pramANamAM navAM navAM gAma banAvIne vasAvavAmAM AvatI. kauTilyanA arthazAstramAM nagara-AyojananAM siddhAMto ane vivaraNa para sAta adhyAya che. AmAM AjananI sAthe kalA para paNa khUba mAhitI che. A badhAM parathI lAge che ke e samaye vijJAna sabaMdhI zaherI AjanatAna paratuM hatuM. masyapu rakaMdarA ane garuDarUra: samAM paNa naga' - A jina aMgenA ullekha maLI Ave che, rakaMdapurANamAM mahAnagaranI sthApanA tathA garuDapurANamAM ughAne vize mAhitI che. A uparAMta kAmikAgama karaNagama subedAgama vagere prathama A badhI mAhitI vistArapUrvaka darzAvI che. A badhAM parathI jaNAya che ke A badhAMmAM nagara-A jana tathA sthApatya vadhu vaijJAnika rIte rajU thayelAM che. prAcIna samayamAM nagara-Ayojanane abhAva na hatA. A samayana bajAra saDaka maMdira rAjamArgo tathA sArvajanika sthaLa para vigatavAra vivaraNa jovA maLe che. megasthanase pATalIputranuM varNana A mujaba karyuM che : pATalIpatra 10 mAIla lAMbuM, 2 mAIla paheluM ane cAre bAju dIvAlethI gherAyeluM pathika-dIpesavAMka] 1989ka.-nave. For Private and Personal Use Only

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hatuM. rastA, pANInA phuvArA, taLAva kuMvA vagere vagere badhAM sAInika suvidhAonAM sAdhana hatAM.' uparyukta rIte jotAM prAcIna samayamAM nagara-AyeAjana vyavasthita hatuM. AjanA jevAM vizALa zahera na hatAM, paraMtu madhyama prakAranAM ke nAnAM zahera jemAM hatAM, je nagara tarIke oLakhAtAM hatAM. hU~kramAM, A samaye nagarAnAM rAjamArga nivAsthAna, pANItI sagavaDa, bahera kalyANanAM sthaLa suyaeNAgya sthAne hatAM. A nagara-AyeAjanane kAraNe lekIne kAI muzkelIo paDatI na hatI. vaLI nagarAnI sakhyA ochI hatI tathA vatIneA vadhAro paNa khUba e thatA. Adhunika yuganAM zaherI AvA jevAM khAsa kaMI mAkaNuM na hatAM. pariNAme moTA bhAganI varatI te gAmaDAMomAM ja trarAtI. rAjadhAnIe ja moTe bhAge nagarAnuM sthAna dharAvatI hatI. hakAlIna samayanAM nagarAnu varNana hyuenasage kareluM jovA maLe che. enI nedhapothImAM jaNAvyA mujaba nagarAnI cAre tarapha dIvAle kATa hatA. paisAdAra le emAM rahetA. rastA vAMkAcUkA hatA. rastAnI ba Mne bAju dukAno hatA. kAchiyA mAchImArI, nRtya karanArA, jhADu vALanArA nagarathI baDAra rahenA. nagaramAM meLA bharAtA, leka saMgItakaLA ane citrakaLAnA zokhIna hatA. raMgavAse hatA. emAM vasate putra manAvavAmAM AvatA.' A samayanAM vArANasI gayA nAlaMdA kuzInagara vagere mukhya nagaro vizenI tedhA maLe che. sAlaYAkAla daramyAna siddharAje samRddhinA upayoga zilpa ane sthApatya mATe karyAM hatA. rudramahAlaya (siddhapura) ane sahastrali gatuM bhavya kSaya (pATaNa) dhAnya. bhAI vaDhavANu jhIMjhuvADA thAna vagere zaherAne pharate killA banAvyA hatA. kapaDavaMja vIramagAma ULakA vageremAM jaLarayA badhAvyAM hatAM. sAlakI rAjayanI rAjadhAnI adghiATaka(pATaNa)mAM nagarane pharate kATa hato. enI pAse rANInI vAva, sahasraliMga taLAva ane kAMThA para maMdire kIrtistaMbho udyAna dhamazALAo tathA pAThazALAe hatA. nagaranI yojanA svastika AkAranI arthAt cAra mabhUta gopurAvALA ceArasa AkAranI hatI. nagaranA rAjamA hAraba`dha hatA tathA meTAM makAnethI zobhanA. AmAM lakSAdhitie tamA karAdhipationI vizALa havelIo paNa hatI. AkhA nagaramAM asa'patti vidyAsa...patti ane kalAsapattinA samanvaya spaSTa rIte dekhAi AvatA hatA. mughala samaya daramyAna muslima zAsakae jUnAM nagara sudhAryA tathA keTalAMka nAM nagara vasAvyAM. muslima rAjAeAnA moTA bhAganA vaga nagarapremI hatA, paraMtu eee nagara-AyeAjananI suvidhAo leksa mATe khAsa banAvI na hatI, ee phakta potAnAM sukhasuvidhA ene ja dhyAnamAM rAkhatA hatA. kendrasthAne sukhasuvidhAo dhyAnamAM rAkhatA hevAthI muslima zAsako vaijJAnika rIte nagara-AyAjana na karI ka!, nagarane pharate rakSaga mATe killA hatA, jemAM rAjA ane ene adhikArI nivAsa karatA hatA. dilhI ane AgrAnA kilAe parathI A bAbata spaSTa jaSNuAya che. A badhu karavAnA mukhya uddeza zAkIya hateA. muslima zAsake.mAM nagara-mAyAjanI AdhArabhUta abhAva hatA, jene kAraNe keI jIvata nagara na banyAM. mughala samaya daradhyAna bhAratavarSamAM nagara-AyAjananI keTalIka bAbato dhyAnamAM levAI hatI; jemake e samayanA rAjAzmeta zilpa ane sthApatyamAM vizeSa rasa hatA, je Aje pazu meAjUda che enA parathI jANI zakAya che, uttara bhAratavarSamAM A vizeSa jovA maLe che. A samaya daramyAna mahele kilA tathA makabarA banyA hatA. A rIte dharataSamAM hiMdu muslima ane sAthe parziyana kakSa,nA 32 ] 1989 / To-nave, [ pathikanI pAtsanAM For Private and Personal Use Only

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A samavaya thaze. tAjamahAla ane purAvo che. muslima zAsakonI asara dakSiNa ane pazcima bhAratavarSamAM nagara na vikasI zakI, - pUrva Adhunika yugamAM bhAratavarSanA zAsado ane dezanA vibhinna prAntanA rAjAoe suvyavasthita rIte nagara-Ayojana mATe prayAsa karyA. AnuM uttama udAharaNa jayapura nagara che. A nagara jayasiMha bIjAe vasAvyuM. ahIM rAjAnA mahelanI cAre tarapha eka sIdhI rekhAmAM makAna banyA che. AkhA nagaranI phate dIvAla banelI che. jayapura nagaranAM judAM judAM sthAnAM ane rastAo tathA daravAjAonAM nAma rAkhavAmAM AvyAM che. nagaranI barAbara vacce rAjA jayasiMha bIjAne mahela che, jayAM pahecavA mATe keTalAya daravAjA pAra karavA paDe che. - aMgrejo bhAratavarSamAM barAbara sthira thayA pachI pazcima vijJAna ane audyogika vikAsa zarU thaze. ' yuropanA sArAmAM sArA nagara-niyojake bhAratavarSamAM AvyA. aMgreja zAsakoe nagara-Ayojanane eka vyavasthita prakArane kAryakrama banAvyuM. AmAM nagaranA nAgarikone vizeSa suvidhAo maLe e mATe khAsa dhyAna ApavAmAM AvyuM. 19 mI sadImAM dilhI vaDodarA maisUra vagare nagaronuM Ayojana vyavasthita rIte zarU thaI gayuM, paraMtu ene mukhya uddeza zAsakIya ane sainika jarUriyAta pUrato ja hate. khUba meTA-pahelA rastAo vacce vacce khullI jagyAe rAkhavAmAM AvI hatI, jethI lazkaranA sainyane jhaDapathI AvajA karavAnI saraLatA rahe; joke AvA prakAranuM nagara-Ayajana nAgarike mATe khAsa upayogI na hatuM. vIsamI sadInI zarUAtamAM nagara-AyeAjana para gaMbhIra rIte vicAravAnI zarUAta thaI. A kAme pachI te nagarapAlikA-hastaka zarU thayAM. jhaDapI audyogikIkaraNa tathA vAhanavyavahAranAM sAdhana vikasatAM lokone zahera tarapha AkarSaNa vadhyuM. have jhaDapathI vadhatAM zaherane mukhya uddeza pIvAnA pANInI vyavasthA, suvyavasthita saDaka-mArgo banAvavAnuM, sArvajanika kalyANa ane sevAnA kArya karavAnuM zarU thayuM. meTA pramANamAM nANunI jarUriyAta UbhI thaI. pachI te vividha zaheranI nagarapAlikAo paNa Arthika bhIMsa anubhavavA lAgI. vataMtratA pachI bhAratanI vastI be gaNI thaI che. A jhaDapathI navI umerAtI vastI bhAratanI zaheramAM have chellAM thoDAM varSothI rahevA mATe vadhu ne vadhu AkarSatI jovA maLe che. I.sa. 1981mAM bhAratamAM kula 3245 zahera hatAM. AmAM 1 lAkhathI vadhu vastIvALAM zaheranI saMkhyA 216 hatI. A zahere vividha kAraNe sara vikAsa pAmyAM che, jemAM (1) zaraNAthI zahera, (2) audyaugika zahera, (3) navAM zahera ane (4) prAcIna-jUnAM zahereno samAveza karI zakAya. A uparAMta jhaDapathI vikasatAM zahera joIe te kula 12 che, jenI kula vastI 10 lAkhathI vadhu che. Aje dezanI 24 TakA vastI zaheramAM nivAsa kare che. vaLI zaherIkaraNaprakriyA che te khUba ja dhImI che to paNa e aneka samasyAo UbhI kare che. grAmINa vastI zahere tarapha sthaLAMtara kare che. zaherA cAre tarapha bephAma rIte vadhe che. sanArUpI jamIne raheThANamAM pheravAI jAya che. majUre ane kSita zaheromAM Ave che tethI raheThANane prazna vikaTa bane che. berojagArI nAthavI have lagabhaga azakaya banI gaI che. zaheramAM dUSita havA ane pANI, gaMdA vasavATo, vastuonA UMcA bhAva, bheLaseLa, apUratA viNavALA kherAka vagerenAM loka bhoga bane che. khUna baLAtkAra tathA anya asAmAjika to mAthuM UMcake che. pathiA-pesavo] 1989 -nave. [7] For Private and Personal Use Only

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prAcIna madhyayugIna ke pachI Adhunika yuganAM nagara-zahera Aje aneka samasyAthI vI TaLAyelAM che. jUnAM ane navAM zahera jhaDapathI vikase che tyAre keTalAka pramANamAM bhAMgatADa thAya che. Ama karavA jatAM ApaNI sa MskRtinA avazeSa paNa keTalIka jagyAe haTAvI devAya che. ApaNA prAcIna avazeSa mULabhUta sthitimAM jaLavAI rahe e rIte AyeAjana jarUrI bane che. nAnA nagaramAM paNa zikSaNasa sthA ane davAkhAnAM vikasAvavAM joie. grAmINa vastInI zaheramAM bhaLatI keTalIka sagavaDo najIkamAMthI ja prApta thAya evI vyavasthA jarUrI che. nAnA udyoga grAmINa vistAramAM vikase tA rAcharoTI mATe sthaLAMtara thAya che temAM ghaTADA thAya. e mATe teA jarUrI che badhA puruSAya, nagarapAlikAo vyavasthita rIte kAma kare, leka sahakAra Ape e jarUrI che. AzA che ke meTAM zaheramAM nagarapAlikA suvyavasthita mAsTara plAna banAve ane emAM rAjya-sarakArI sAtha Ape. AvAM 200 jeTalAM zaheza mATe mAsTara-plAna banI rahyA che ane enI saphaLatA mATe UMDApUrvakanA abhyAsa thaI rahyo che; A badhu kA Ayojako mATe joke mAthAnA eka dukhAvA-samAna che. prAcIna ane navAM navAM zaherAte mULabhUta rIte sAcavatAM keTalIka muzkelIo UbhI thAya che, emAMthI Ayojakoe ma zekhavAnA che. A kaThina nathI chatAM eTalA saraLa paNa nathI. The. 15, nUtana sAsAyaTI siddhapura roDa, pATaNa-384265 sa' graMtha 74 ] Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 1. je. gAyira ane jI. cAkita, aba~na jyogrAphrI," nyUyaoNrka: ahana eNnDarasana, inphrA, 1971 2. bI.ena.vAsa, phranDAmenTalsa oNpha pepyulezana jyographrI.'' yudilhI, sTarliMga pablikezana, 1885 3. sI.bI. mAmeAriyAHike,nomika eNnDa kauziyala jayogrAphI. Arpha InDiyA," AgrA, zivalAla agravAla eNnDa kAM., 1986 4. kusumannatA dattaH, "inDiyAjha a^nijhezana," dha naeNzanala jayogrAphrikala jarnala oNph inDiyA, jUna, 1972, pR. 23-201 66 "gAmpiTizana eNnDa joba-eNIDa,navembara, 1986, pR. 3 ", " hasamukha sAMkaLiyA, "purAtattva ane rAmAyaNa," amadAvAda, gujarAta vidyApITha, 1973 8, hariprasAda gaM. zAsrI, "gujarAta prAcIna itihAsa," amadAvAda : gujarAta yunivarsiTI prakAzana, 1983 9. jazu paTela, zAha ane jAnI, " prAcIna bhAratanA itihAsa," susta, apanA prakAzana, 1967 zArIrika azakti agara nabaLAI mATe Ayuvei akasIra auSadha abhra bhasma' (sahasrapuTI) asala zAstrIya paddhatie banAvela sahasrapuTI brA bhasma meLavavA lakheA agara maLe : : zrI gulAbakuMvarabA Ayurvedika sAsAyaTI eDI roDa, pA.khA. naM. 9 jAmanagara (361 001) 1989 okaTo.-nave For Private and Personal Use Only [ pathika-dIpeAlsamAMdha

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vIra vAsaNa buca zrI. zaMbhuprasAda haraprasAda desAI I.sa. 1907 mAM auraMgajhebanuM mRtyu thayuM e pachI dihInI mahenazAhI dina-pratidina nirbaLa thatI gaI, AMtarika kalahe, amIrAnI sattAnI athavA ravataMtratAnI prApti mATenI mahatvAkAMkSA ane mahArASTranA mahArAjayanA udaya sAthe sUbAo ane nAyaba sUbAo zahenazAhIne TakAvI zakyA nahi. sana 1746 thI briTiza sattAe saurASTramAM i.sa. 186 mAM praveza karyo 60 varSanA gALAmAM saurASTramAM yuddhonI paraMparA avicchinna rAkhavAnI, prajAne pAyamAla karavAnI ane dezane ujaDa karavAnI pharaja jANe pitA upara AvI paDI hoya ema saurASTramAM dIvAna amarajI, merAmaNa khavAsa, bhA kuMbhANa, rANA saratAnajI, ThAra vajesiMha, kAjhI zekhamiyA vagere aneka talavAra-zekhInoe dravya ane vistAra vadhAravA mATe saurASTranI pavitra bhUmine samarabhUmimAM palaTAvI nAkhI. A rAjAo ane saradAranI A hiMsaka pravRttinI noMdha ItihAsanA pAnAo upara bharapa levAI che ane tethI enI carcA ahIM asthAne che. A nAmAvalimAM geMDaLanA ThAkora hAlAjI tathA enA anugAmI kuMbhAjI agatyanA sthAne che. ThAkara hAlAjIe reDaLanA garAsa jevA nAnakaDA rAjayamAMthI goMDaLane meTuM rAjya banAvyuM, paraMtu eNe AkarelI pravRtti enA pachI kuMbhAjIe savizeSa vistArI. bhA kuMbhAe A mATe samagra saurASTramAMthI zUravIra ane parAkramI puruSone nimaMtrI pitA pAse rAkhe ane svayaM buddhizALI ane parAkramI hatA chatAM maMtrIo paNa evA ja sAthe rAkhyA. ThAra hAlAjI pAse I.sa. 1776mAM junAgaDhathI pitAnA mAmA trIkamadAsa majamUdAranI bheMsa rAI ke khovAI gayelI ane e hAlAjInA khADumAM che, je levA mAtra 15 varSane eka kumAra geDaLa darabAramAM AvyA. eNe yuktipUrvaka bheMsa pitAnI che ema sAbita karI detAM hAlAjIe bheMsa te ApI, paNa ene pitA pAse rAkhI lIdhe. enuM nAma Izvaracha aMbAzaMkara buca. IzvarajI vazamAM AvatAM enI kuzAgrabuddhi ane pratibhAthI eNe hAlAjInuM mana jItI lIdhuM, eTaluM ja nahi, kalama ane karAranA sumeLavALA A zaktizALI javAne I.sa. 1785 sudhI pote 64 varSanA thayA tyAM sudhImAM hAlAjI tathA kuMbhAjI sAthe rahI enI rAjya vistAranI pravRtti tathA rAjayanI pratiSThA vadhAravAmAM agatyano bhAga bhajavyo. IzvarajIne be putro hatA temAM moTA vAsaNacha tathA nAnA bulAkhIrAme mAtra 15 varSanI vaye sana 174 mAM lIMbaDI upara 400 savAranuM netRtva laI savArI karelI ane emaNe paNa emanA pitAne pagale cAlI darabAramAM tathA raNabhUmimAM potAnAM buddhibaLa ane bAhubaLanuM kAna karyuM ane pariNAme emanI sAme anya rAjapuruSonI khaTapaTa chatAM rAjyakaktanI prIti ane vizvAsa saMpAdita karI kIrti ane pratiSThA prApta karyA. - I.sa. 1781 mAM gAMDaLanA bhAyAta koTaDAnA hethIjInI kuMvarI ribaMdara-rANAne paraNAvelAM te gayAM tyAM te mAMgaroLanA zekhamiyAMe porabaMdaranuM navIbaMdara laI lIdhuM eTale koIe kahyuM ke navI AvI ane navI gaI, AthI mAThuM lAgatAM eNe kuMbhAjI pAse AvI navIbaMdara jItI levA AjIjI karI ane vAsaNa buca mAMgaroLa upara caDyA. zebe samAdhAna mAgyuM ane navIbaMdara pAchuM laI DeDI A0thA, adhi-dIpesUvAM ) 1989 -nave. [ 75 For Private and Personal Use Only

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I.sa. 1983 mAM jAmanagara tathA pAramaMdara rAjyane bheTALI ane rAvaLanA dheDanI hada ane mAlIkI mATe vAMdhA zo. kubhAie vAjane rAnI madada mAlyA tathA jUnAgaDhathI amarajI pazu AvyA, baMne pakSA vacce khUnakhAra yuddha thAya ema hatu tyAre rANA saratAnajIe kahyu : "maleka mIThuM ahIMnA jUtA mANasa che, e nagaranI sevAmAM che chatAM e kahe te mAre kabUla che. maleke A gheDa pArakhaMdaranA che ema jharAva ApatAM merue jenu' apamAna karI uThADI mUkayo, paNa vAsaNujIe ene rAjarIti ane rAjanItinI vAta karI ete dharma karelA kAramAMthI pAchA karavAnA nathI ema karI dheTa pAbaMdarane apAvyA. A prasagathI traNe rAjyAmAM nAM mutsaddIgIrI tathA vAkyAthI sau prAvita thayA. jUnAgaDha vAraMvAra javAnuM thatu' tethI kuMbhAjIe vAsaNane eka makAna baMdhAvI Apyu' ane e jatA tyAre tyAM UtaratA. eka vAra kezoda pAsenA devadarA gAmanA rAyajAdA darabArane nANAMbhIDa thatAM e gAma mAMDI ApavA navAba pAse AvelA tene vAsaNa maLI jatAM eNe kevA gaLate tyAM ma'DALI, cetA `khajo bhAI sAkaralAla nAmanA peAtAnA mANasane paNa mUkI dIdhA. eka vAra jetalasaranA pAdaramAM ArAma levA mATe mukAma ! ane A gAma goMDaLa pAse DAya tA sAruM" kaDI, chApo mArI vAsajIe jetalasara laI lIdhuM. jetalasaranA kAThI darabArane pakaDI lIdhA, paNa khIjA bahAravaTe nIkaLyA, para`tu vAsaNajIe emenu' cAlavA dIdhuM nahi ane vaLate varSe tyAM killA pazu khAMdhyA. A samaya daramyAna vAsaNajInAM mAna ane me bheA gAMDaLamAM ja nahi, paNa jUnAgaDhanA doramAM paNa vadhI gayAM hatAM. navAbathI dIvAna dula bhajI risAI jetapura cAhyA gayA. navAba hrAmedakhAne porabaMdaranA dIvAna premajI dAmANIne elAvyA. eNe darabAramAM navAbanI adaba na rAkhatAM vAsaNujI tyAM hAjara hatA teNe 3 bhAjIne kahetAM eNe navAbane premane na rAkhavA salAha ApI, navAba tethI vAraNujIne laI jetapura gayA ane vANanI samajAvaTathI dIvAna kuTuMbane navAbe pharIthI kArabhAra soMpyA ane enA badalAmAM navAe kuMbhAjInA traNa ku varA devAjI DIbhAI tathA bhAvAjIne anukrame lArDa tathA bhimerA gAmemane paravAnA ApyAnuM lakhAvI va.saNu gAMDaLa pAchA AvyA. I.sa. 1780 mAM geAMDaLa rAjye sarasAIneA ardhA bhAgama'DAvI lIdhela. tyAMnA kAThI darabAra harasuravALAne dabAvI I.sa. 1994-95 mAM vAsaNajIe sarasAI kabje karyuM. tathA paDakhenA cAra gAma ujjaDa paDyAM hatAM te AbAda karI gIra pradezamAM pAMca gAma upara adhikAra meLavyeA. I.sa. 1790 mAM phUlajI nAmanA eka aMtevAsI saravaiyA bhAmayAjInA bhAIe enI pAse udharANI karatAM eka vaipArInu' khuna karatAM ene rikSA karavAne khulle gAMDaLamAMthI hadapAra karI trAkuDe mekaklyA, jyAM jAmanagaranA gAma mevAsanA jIvA zetA sAthe eNe vera bAMdhyuM. ane jIvA rotA gAMDaLa upara Avaze tA ane sAmane karavA muzkela thaI paDaze eTale bANiyAne vAdarA mAkalI kuMbhAjIe bhADe phoja meLavI, paraMtu e daramyAna jAmasAhebe vANajInA nivRtta pitA izvarajIne melAvI ane vacce samAdhAna karAvyuM, I.sa. 1789 mAM gAMDaLane jetapura sAthe vera khaMdhAyuM ane ame paNa kuMbhAjInI icchA jetapura jItI levAnI hatI tathA eNe vAsaNujIne vaDedarA mekalyA. cyate emaNe gAyakavADane maLI bhADethI phAja meLavI jetapura upara trATakavA yejanA karI tyAM kuMbhAjI I.sa. 1790 mAM svargavAsI thatAM A ceAjanA paDatI mukAI. 7] 1989/rA nave. [ pathika-kIpAlsavAMka For Private and Personal Use Only

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kubhAinuM nidhana thatAM vAra hara meTe le . te kahetA ke vAsaNane kuMbhAI putrane pitA zAhe tema ahe che ane baMne vacce AmIyatA paNa evI ja hatI. kuMbhAjInA anugAmI enA pautra mULajI thayA. e dArU bahu 5tA ane rAjakAjamAM dhyAna evuM ApatA. * mULuchano veza vAghelA nAmane pApAtra hatA te mULajIne pitAne aMkuzamAM rAkho ane enI pAsethI dhorAjI paDAvI levA pravRtta karato hato. eNe navAbanI sahAya paNa khAnagI rIte meLavI hatI. mULajInAM zaNI adIbA tathA kura dAjIne A mATe ciMtA rahetI, paNa mULajI rAjanI viruddhamAM kaI sAMbhaLavA taiyAra na hatA. jyAre verAie dhorAjIne kabaje karyo che e khabara paDI tyAre adIbAe vAsaNunI salAha pUchI ane e anusAra adIbAe mULajIne vadhAre pote dArU pAI dIdho ane enI anumati che ema kahI dejIrAja tathA vAsaNajI sainiko laI dhorAjI upara caDyA. verojI bhAgIne kaMDeraNe game tyAM paNa ghero ghAlI ene paDakAryo, paNa e bhAgI gayo. vAsaNajI dhorAjImAM pUra baMdobasta karI pAchA AvyA ane mULane verAjInI nimakaharAmInI vAta karatAM e rAjI thayA. mULajI paNa I.sa. 1792 mAM gujarI jatAM kuMvara dAjIrAja gAdIe beThA. vAsaNanuM e pUratuM bhAna rAkhatA ane enI salAha pUchatA, 1796 mAM eka jamAdAra umara kurcAe vaMthaLI dabAvI daI navAbane kahevarAvyuM ke geDiLa vacamAM paDe te huM mAro hakka laI vaMthaLI che. navAbe dAjIrAjane kahevarAvatAM eNe vAsaNane mokalyA ane emane jamAdArane samajAvI vaMthaLI navAbane sapAvyuM. A sevAnA badalAmAM geLane khaMbhALiyA madhuM ane navAbanI lAThI vagere gAmo upara jamA hatI te mApha karAvI. Ama vAsaNujIe pitAnI buddhi ane baLathI khaMbhALiyA meLavyuM tethI dAjIrAje ene e gAma jAgIramAM ApyuM. vAsaNane dAjIrAja murabbI bhAnatA ane emanI prajAmAM paNa kapriyatA vadhatI jatI hatI e joI keTalAka asaMtuSTa maMtrIoe rANI adIbAIne bhaMbheraNI karI ane enA kahevAthI dAjIrAje vAsaNane ApeluM gAma khaMbhALiyA I.sa. 1996 mAM laI lIdhuM eTale vAsaNajI risAI jAmanagara cAlyA gayA, jyAM merAmaNa khavAse emane meTA mAna sAthe nokarImAM rAkhI kaMDeraNA thANe nimaNUka karI, paNa emane rahevAnuM merAmaNa sAthe hatuM eTale kaMDoraNa thANe enA bhAI bulAkhIrAma rahyA. jAmanagaranA merAmaNa khavAsane thayuM ke gaMDaLamAM ThAra juvAna che, rAjamAtA adIbAI parahejadAra che, eTale gAMDaLa svAdhIna karavAno sAra e che, vaLI vAsaNajI je phuTa musaddo ane ho paNa pitA sAthe che. Ama vicArI eNe meTiyA mukAme dAjIrAjane bolAvI dhamakAvavA mAMDyA. dAjIrAja pAse uttara na hatA tyAre eNe kahyuM ke tame Akho divasa raNavAsamAM paDyA rahe che, zarAba ane kephI padArtho le che, rAjya kama-akala mANasane adhIna che. have je sudharaze nahi te mAre rAjyamAM hAtha ghAle paDaze, dAjIrAja nIcuM joI beThA hatA tyAM merAmaNunI paDakhe beThelA vAsaNae kahyuM : "merAmaNajI ! goMDaLanA mayamAM hAtha ghAla saheluM nathI. badhA rAphaDA sarakhA hotA nathI, koImAM berIMga hoya che." merAmaNe kahyuM : "vAsaNajI ! tame mArA nokara che, tamane kADhI mUkyA tyAre meM saMgharyA che." vAsaNajI e kahyuM : "zA mATe mane saMgha ? goMDaLanA dhaNIe mane mATe karyo tyAre ne ? mAre ruvADe ravADe enuM nimaka che. la, rAma rAma ! merAmaNajI ! have A goMDaLamAM hAtha ghAlavA." emaNe dAjIrAjane kahyuM : "UThe, bApu! merAmaNa cAhe te paNa gele. Apa jAma rAvaLanA pitarA ane goMDaLanA dhaNI." e dAjIrAjane uThADI laI gayA pitAne taMbue jamADI rajA ApI tyAre dAjIrAje kahyuM : "ame ekalA nahi jaIe, tamAre sAthe AvavAnuM che." kAmadAra prAgajI page pathika-dIpotsava ]. 1989 oNkaTo.-nave. [77 For Private and Personal Use Only

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bhAgye. AjIrAje khaMbhALiyA pATTu se|pyuM ane vAsajIe goMDaLa jaI potAnA bhAI mullA khIrAmane kaMDoraNAthI teDAvI laI ane 700 sainikAnI phAja laI jAmanagaranu gAma jAmavALI bhAMgyuM. A samAcAra maLatAM jAmanagaranI phrIja enI sAme caDI temAM raghunAthajI tathA raNachoDajI hatA. khAgezrI pAse laDAi thaI ane vAsajIe jIta meLavatAM dhArAjI thANuM nAkhI, jAmanagaranI senA bhAdara UtarI na zake e mATe gaDagariyA pANAnA kATa caNI 600 sArA ane 500 pAyadaLa sAthe chAvaNI nAkhI. jAmanagarathI pezu Thakkara eva u ja sainya laI sAme AvyA, paN emAM paNa ene saphaLatA maLI nahi. vAsajI pAchA vijaya meLavI gaLa AvyA, paNa e sAthe jAmanagara sAthe pAku vera bAMdhatA AvyA. jAmanagarane merAmaNu khavAsa khamI khAI le tevA na hatA, evuM vaDAdarAthI AkhA selusTaranuM' lazkara bhADethI meLavyu tathA potAnA mANasA sAthe AvI geAMDaLanAM gAmaDAMenI I. sa. 1756mAM eka mAsa sudhI pAyamAlI karI. A prasa`ga I. sa. 1794 mAM banyA ema tArIkhe saraka va hAlAranA karyAM dIvAna raNacheADajha emanA graMthamAM AApe che, paNa gAMDaLe enA sAmeA pratIkAra zA mATe na karyo ene khulAso keAI ItihAsamAM nathI, paraMtu e ja lekhaka jaNAve che ke goMDaLanA jADena dAjI tathA raNamalajIe jAmanagara sAme kacchanA jamAdAra phatehamahamadanI madada mAgI. vAcha bhUja jaI phatehamahamadane teDI AvyA ane paDadharI pAse ane pakSA vacce yuddha thayuM. a Mte dIvAna raghunAthajI- e jAmanagara vatI vAsaNajI jIcane samajAvI jAmanagara tathA gAMThaLa vacce samAdhAna karAvyu', I. sa. 1799 mAM rANIMgavALA nAmanA kAThI darabAre gAMDaLa upara bahAravaTuM zarU karyuM. tene bIjA kAThI darabArone TekA hatA. AvaDavALA nAjANI enI sAthe AvyA ane meDhu sainya UbhuM karI goMDaLanAM gAma lUTavA mAMDAM. jasadaNa ane jetapuranA darabAroe samAdhAna mATe vAta zarU karI, paNa goMDaLe eka paNa zarata svIkArI nahiM ane dAjIrAje vAsaNajIne rANIMgane patAvI devA hukama ApyA. e kuvara huThIbhAIne laIne rANIMga upara caDayA. emanA bhAI mulAkhIrAma teApakhAnuM laI sAthe gayA. A lazkarane vAMdaravaDa mukAma hatA tyAM varasAda paDayo, paNa e pachI rabArikA lUSiyA vagere laI khagavaTA upara caDavA tyAM tA ThAkAra dAjIrAja gujarI gayAnA samAcAra AvatAM ekavaDa nAkhaNIe humale karelA tenA pratIkAra na karatAM dAjIrAjanA mRtyunA khabara ApI yuddha baMdha karyuM, tyAM tA samAcAra maLyA ke geDaLamAM khaTapaTa thaI che tethI vAsaNacha tarata ja goMDaLa pAchA pharyAM. dAjIrAja tathA enA bhAI devAjIne akhanAva hatA. devAjI kAlAvaDa rahetA. dAjIrAjanuM mRtyu thatAM enAM mAtuzrI adIkhAe vidhavA vahu garbhavatI che ema jAhera karI khATA putra UbhA karavA prayatna karyAM. vAsaNae ene spaSTa kahI dIdhu` ke "jADejAnA pavitra kuLane kala' nahi lAgavA dauM. gAdI upara devAjI esaze ane rANIne putra avataraze te UtarI jaze," devAjIne khelAvI gAdI esAyA. adIbA risAI dhArAjI cAlyAM gayAM. vAsaNujIe emane aTakAyatamAM lIdha ane eNe rANIne ga che e vAta khATI che ema svIkAratAM kALI khaDa gAma ApI devAjInI gAdI abhaya karI. A pravRtti daramyAna dIyA taraphe rAjapUtAe vAsaNanuM khUna karavA prayatna karyA, paNa kuMvara huThIbhAIe bacAvI lIdhA. devAjIne gAdI apAvI rANI adIkhAne vireSa samAvyA, ema chatAM devAjIe vAsaNujIne pratispadhI enA kathanane AdhAre kArabhArIpadethI dUra karI krUrajI tathA gAradhanane kArabhAra sApatAM vAsaNujI dhera besI gayA, pazu devAjI ThAra emane pAchA samajAvI laI AvyA, para Mtu nira'tara cAlatI AvatI khAparA tathA enA gAMDaLa rAjaya mATe ApelA bhAganI DhAkAra dezane kadara ne hAvAthI vAsaNajI nivRtta thaI junAgaDha cAlyA gayA. 92 ] 1989/ To-nave. [pacikItsavAMka For Private and Personal Use Only

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daramyAna gAyakavADa ane kAThIonI gAMDaLa rAjaya upara bhIMsa vadhI ane maMtrIo kaI karI zake ema nathI evuM lAgatAM devAjI ThAkore vAsaNajIne bolAvyA, paNa emAM na AvatAM emanA putra - umiyAzaMkarane bolAvI pitA pAse rAkhyA, I. sa. 1802 mAM gAyakavADanuM lazkara laI AbAjI caDI Age ane gAMDaLanAM gAmaThI luMTavA mAMDyA tethI vAsaNabhune AvavuM paDyuM ane gAyakavADanI chAvaNImAM jaI raMgIladAsa majamUdAra senA sAthe hatA tathA potAnA sagA thatA e nAte lUMTa baMdha karavI, khaMDaNInI rakama nakkI karAvI ane emAM sakaLatA maLatAM bIjAM rAjAe paNa vAsaNane vacamAM rAkhI pota potAnI rakame mukarara karAvI, ATalI ATalI sevA chatAM ThAra devAe khaMbhALiyA gAma upara vere dAkhala karyo tethI vAsaNajI pAchA jUnAgaDha cayA gayA tyAre navAbe enuM bhAna karI dhaMdhusara gAma khAvA ApyuM tathA enA putra gaurIza karane koDInAra mahAlamAM navAbane hakka hatA te se. vAsaNA viruddha prabaLa khaTapaTa hatI ane enI uparavaTa thavA devA azakta hatA tethI kuMvara kanubhAIne jUnAgaDha mekalI, vAsaNajIne samajAvI dhorAjImAM rAkhyA. I. sa. 1806 mAM bulAkhIrAme khAMDAdhAramAM thANuM kAma karyuM. kevadarA kezoda pAse hatuM ane navAbane e vAta khUMcatI hatI. kezodanA musaddI goviMdajI jhAlAe goMDaLanuM thANuM uThADI mUkavuM. have je navAba sAthe peDhIono saMbaMdha hatA tenI sAme laDavuM hatuM tethI vAsaNacha amarelI jaI gAvakavADanuM lazkara laI AvyA ane dhorAjIthI chatrAsA jaI tyAMthI kezoda upara humalo karyo ane lUMTa calAvI, pachI kevA devuM ane darabAra kAkAbhAI gAmamAMthI baMdUke ane tene bAra karatA hatA temanI sAme vAsaNajIe DAM mANasa sAthe ekadama doTa dIdhI ane pahele mArace jaI talavAra laDavA, be cAra mANasane kApI nAkhyA ane bhaMgANa paDavuM. vAsaNajIe zatrunI temAM khIlA ThokI dIdhA tathA gAma kaje karI pitAnI temAMthI darabAragaDha upara lepa mAMDI te sara karyo ane pachI devAi ThAkora gAma bahAra beThelA tene belAvI gAma saMpyuM. e pachI rAjakeTa rAjayamAM vikhavAda paDyo. vAsaNane belAvI mada bhAgatAM emaNe ene I.sa. 1806mAM nikAla karyo ane pitAnA putra gaurIzaMkarane rAjakeTa tathA raghunAthajIne saradhAra rAkhI I. sa1818 sudhI tyAMne vahIvaTa karyo. A daramyAna I. sa. 1800 mAM IzvarajI gujarI jatAM enA kAraNe kharca darabAramathiI devA nakkI thayuM, paraMtu maMtrIoe ApavA na detAM vAsaNajI dvArakA cAlyA gayA ane vaLatAM jAmanagara AvatAM jAmasAhebe ene nokarIne hukama Ape. eo tyAM javA taiyAra thayA, paNa devAjIe javA na dIdhA ane emane kArabhArI tarIke niyukta karyA, paNa sana 1812 mAM dAjI gujarI jatAM gAhI upara nathujI AvyA. A vakhate vAsaNujI amarelImAM gAvaivADI lazkara sAthe hatA. nathujInA samayamAM ene kRpApAtra nathujI vAghele kahata thaI paDyo, paNa nathujIe bulAkhIzamanA putra jaganAthane pitAnA aMgata maMtrI tarIke rAkhatAM nayujIe enI khaTapaTa karatAM ThAkore ene Thapako Ape. A vAtanI vAsaNane jANa thatAM eNe i. sa. 1812 mAM rAjInAmuM ApI dIdhuM. nathujIe e svIkAryuM nahi, paNa vAsaNajI gaMDaLa AvyA nahi, eo te gAyakavADanA subA sAthe ja rahyA. nathucha Isa. 1814 mAM gujarI gayA ane enI gAdIe kanubhAI beThA. emaNe jagannAthane aMgata kArabhArI tarIke rAkhyA, paNa kareja bahu thaI gayuM hatuM eTale pharacha prAgajI kArabhArInI salAhathI vAsathajI pAse rUpiyA 75 hajAra mAmA. emaNe kahyuM: "mArI pAse paisA nathI, paNa tamane pathi-dIpesUvAMTa 198ka -nave. [ 79 For Private and Personal Use Only

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jarUra hoya te meLavI dauM," ema kahI emaNe dhorAjI upaleTA vagerenA zeThiyAo pAsethI rUpiyA pAMtrIsa - hAra meLavyA, bIjA meLavavA prayatna karatA hatA tyAM pharajIe kahyuM: "kaI Apazo mAM. e vAsaNune devAnA che." vAsaNa ApI zake ema na hatuM eTale emane tathA emanA bhAI bulAkhIrAma ane baMnenA putrone kedamAM nAkhyA. eo cha mAsa kedamAM rahyA tyAre piliTikala ejanTa kepTana belenTAInanA kRpApAtra suMdarajI zivajIne ejansI A kAmamAM vAsaNane madada na kare te mAraDa gAma ApavA lAlaca ApI. viThThalarAva devAjI ke gaMgAdhara zAstrI paNa kAMI bolyA nahi, paraMtu haMsarAja jeThANa nAmanA belanTAImanA kRpApAtrane vAsaNane putra raNachoDajI maLyA ane sAhebane vacce paDavA vinaMtI karI. belenTAIne haMsarAjane kahyuM ke "huM geMDaLa jaIza tyAre vAta," paNa tyAM gayA pachI paNa eNe kAMI karyuM nahi ane jetapura cAlyo gayo, haMsarAje bahu kahyuM tyAre kahyuM ke "emane jetapura laI Ave. emane roke te mANasane kADhI mUkaje." A sAMbhaLI kanubhAI ThAkore 200 kerIne daMDa mUkI vAsaNacha vagerene chuTakAro karyo. vAsaNajIe gharanA dara dAgIne vecI 12000 kerI bharI dIdhI ane 8000 na levA mAgaNI karI. pite tathA potAnA kuTuMbIone have nokarImAM vizeSa vakhata rahevAnuM yogya na lAgatAM I. sa. 1920 mAM ghara pakaDI besI gayA ane 8000 karI darabAre dhorAjInA mAvajI kAmadArane kAraNa vagara keda karI paraba nA virajI dozI pAsethI A rakama meLavI. I.sa. 1821 mAM kanubhAI gujarI gayA ane gAdIe devajInA trIjA pura caMdrasiMha ure metIbhAI AvyA. gAyakavADanuM leNuM bAkI hatuM tethI vaDedarA tathA ejansInAM lazkaroe gaMDaLamAM paDAva nAkhI tAkIda karatAM rANI adIbAe vAsaNane bolAvI enA dvArA phace karAvyuM. - I. sa. 1824 mAM darabAramAM pAchI vAsaNanI jarUra paDI tethI ThAkore vAsaNane mAnapUrvaka teDAvI khaMbhALiyA pAchuM ApyuM, enA putra umiyAzaMkarane dherAjImAM mUkyA tathA jagannAthane ThAkore pitA pAse rAkhyA. I.sa. 1829mAM ThAkora ane rajA ApI vAsaNujIne pharIthI kArabhAra se. emaNe raNachoDajIne mokalI porabaMdaranA vIrajI dezInA leNunuM samAdhAna karavA mokalyA, paNa e daramyAna game te vAMdho paDyo ane vAsaNajI pharI gaMDaLanI sevAno tyAga karI bhAvanagara gayA, tyAM ThAkora vajesiMhe nokarImAM rAkhyA tathA heLAvuM nAma ApyuM. I. sa. 1836mAM geMDaLa ThAkare emane pAchA bolAvyA tyAre pitA pAse rAjayanA je kAgaLa hatA te ApI dIdhA ane pitAne 8 varSa thayAM che eTale kAMI kAma karavA vicAra nathI ema kahetAM khaMbhALiyAno rukko kare tAjo karI Ape. raNachoDajIne poliTikala eMjara jekabe belAthI pitA pAse rAkhyA. vAsaNajI nivRtta thayA. vAsaNajI kaI sAlamAM svargavAsI thayA e jANavA maLatuM nathI, paNa emanA putra tathA - bulAkhIzamanA putro ghaNA samayathI gaMDaLa rAjyamAM cA pada upara kAma karatA hatA. cha rAjavIonI vaphAdArIpUrvaka je khamI nokarI karI gaMDaLanA nAnA rAjyano vistAra karyo ane geLAnuM sthAna saurASTramAM agrima rAjyonI nAmAvalimAM mUkavuM te prAmANika saniSTha ane nimakahalAla adhikArInI rAjavIe kR thaI duza karI e eka dukhada ghaTanA che. che. "ojasa," TAunahela sAme, saradAra coka, jUnAgaDha-362001 1989 -nave. [pathika-kIpalsavAMka For Private and Personal Use Only

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svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyano eka viziSTa kesa zrI hasamukha vyAsa gujarAtanA dhArmika sAmAjika jIvanamAM svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanuM mahatvanuM sthAna tema pradAna che. AnA saMsthApaka ane pravartaka prasAraka zrIjI mahArAja bahu najIkanA (I.sa. 1781 thI 1830) bhUtakALamAM thayelA hovA chatAM nija saMpradAyamAM "bhagavAna" tarIke paNa pUjAya che e hakIkta che. - sAmAnya janasamAjamAM "svAminArAyaNa saMpradAya" tarIke oLakhAtA A saMpradAyanuM mULa nAma te uddhava saMpradAya kahyuM che. jyAre A pracAra ane prasAra thavAnI zarUAta thaI tyAre zrIsahajAnaMda svAmIe saM. 1882(I.1826)mAM samagra saMpradAyanI vyavasthA mATe gujarAtanA uttara ane dakSiNa ema be vibhAga pADayA tathA uttaranuM vaDuM mathaka amadAvAda ane dakSiNanuM mukhya mathaka vaDatAla(ji. kheDA) nakkI karyuM, eTaluM ja nahi, A baMne mathakanI te te gAdInA AcArya tarIke pitAnA be bhatrIjAone sthApita karyA: pitAnA moTA bhAI rAmapratApanA putra ayodhyAprasAdane amadAvAdanI ane nAnA bhAI IcchArAmanA putra raghuvIrajIne vaDatAlanI gAdInA AcArya nI". baMne AcAryo gRhasthI hoya ema paNa TharAvyuM. A aMge eozrIe eka kharIte paNa lakhela che, jemAM emaNe gAdInA AcAryonA vyavathAniyama nakkI karI Apela che. uparyukta vyavasthAthI cheDe samaya te badhuM vyavasthita cAlyuM, paNa dhIme dhIme AmAM paNa asaMtoSa ane avyavasthA sajAvA lAgyAM, je saMpradAyane adAlata sudhI laI gathI! A saMpradAyamAM guNAtItAnaMda nAmanA eka pramukha svAmI hatA. Ama te e bIe anya koI zAstranuM jJAna lIdhela na hatuM, paNa nija saMpradAyanAM emane UMDuM jJAna ane samaja hatAM. jUnAgaDha madiranA eo vahIvaTakartA hatA. svabhAvathI e ati teja ane saMpradAyanI prAcIna prathA ane praNAlikAthI thoDA bhinna vicAro dharAvatA hatA. eo zrI hajAnaMda svAmIne "IzvarasvarUpa te mAnatA, paNa kRSNane mAnatA na hatA. vaLI, strIvarga pratye paNa lagabhaga arucinI bhAvanA-vRtti dharAvatA ane darzAvatA. zrIkRSNane rAdhAlamIne saMga hovAnA kAraNe na mAnatA. A uparAMta bhagA ane jagA nAmanA be nimna varga nA anuyAyIo hatA, jeonuM paNa vartana thoDuM bhinna hatuM - vIsamI sadInA prAraMbhe eka tejaravI juvAne A saMpradAyamAM dIkSA laI yajJapuruSadAsa" nAma dhAraNa karyuM. sAmAnya rIte eo "zAstrIjI mahArAja' tarIke oLakhAtA. eo zrI paNa saMpradAyanA praNAlitrata vicArothI ceDAM bhinna vicAre maMtavya ane vartana dharAvatA hoI TUMka samayamAM saMpradAyanA ArUDha sAdhusamudAyathI ceDA alaga thaI paDathA, AthI I. sa. 1906 mAM emane saMpradAyamAMthI aLagA karAyA, paNa AnAthI eo vicalita thayA nahi, UlaTAnuM pitAne alaga ziSya samudAya ekaTho karI bocAsaNa(ji.kheDA)mAM juduM ja mathaka sthApyuM ! zAstrIjI mahArAjanA ziSyo sAdhue vaDatAla vibhAganAM gAmanAM harimaMdiromAM UtaratA. pariNAmavarUpa eka ja harimaMdiramAM paraspara bhinna pracAra-prasAra thavA lAgyo ! chevaTe sana 1936 mAM vaDatAla vibhAganA AcAryazrIe pitAnA vibhAganAM harima diramAM AvIne zrIyazapuruSadAsajI ane emanA anuyAyI sAdhuone emanA siddhAMte vicArone pracAra karatA aTakAvavA borasadanI sabajija-adAlatamAM dA mAMDyo. pathA-dIpasavAMka]. 1989 okaTe.-nave. [ 81 For Private and Personal Use Only

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vaDatAlanA AcArya zrIme dAkhala karela dAvA maMge bane pakSe potapotAnA siddhAMta ane vicArAnA niSNAtAne paNa rAma!. vaDatAla taraphanA vakIla hatA zrI kanaiyAlAla mA. munazI ane sa'pradAyaniSNAta hatA harajIvana zAstrI, te sAmA pakSanA vakIla hatA zrI bI.DI. desAI. eArasadanI adAlatamAM A kesa bahu rasaprada rIte cANyA. sapradAyanAM siddhAMta AryAM valA ane vana vize paraspara vizada chaNAvaTa karavAmAM AvI. svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanA pramukha ane prasiddha siddhAMtAmAM geleAka ane akSaradhAmanA siddhAMtane gaNavAmAM Ave che. samagra dAvA A muddA--siddhAMtanA vAda-vivAda ane dAvApratijJAvA temaja UlaTa tapAsamAM kendrasthAne rahyo, samagra dvAveA(kesa) AnA upara ja kendrita hatA ema kahI me 1 paNa atyukti nahu gaNAya. sAmA pakSanA vakIla zrI khI.TI. desAIe harajIvana zAstrInI UlaTa tapAsa lIdhAM ane zAstrIjIe paNa AnA (gAlAka akSaradhAma) vize saMpradAyanAM zAstraonA AdhAra pUrA pADavA. zrI munazIe paNa zAstrIjI pAsethI sapradAya vize dAvAne AnuSaMgika mAhitI vigata AdhAre meLavyAM. AmAM 'vAsudevamAhAmya' graMthanA pramukha AdhAra lIdhe. prastuta pra thamAM 'zrIjI mahArAja svayaM` zrIkRSNu hatA' ema pratipAdita karela che. A graMthanA 18 mA adhyAyamAM zrIkRSNe kaI rIte khIjI vAra zrIjI tarIke pRthvI para padhAravAnA che enuM vadhyuMna karAyela che. prastuta graMtha svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyane zAstra-AdhA graMtha manAya che. AnA pramukha AdhAra noMdhIe; he muni, arjunanI sAthe rahIne zrIkRSNasvarUpe meM je pApIone varSa karela te kaliyuganI pUrepUrI sattA jAmatAM jayAre puna: pRthvI para AvIne pApAcAra prasAraze tyAre naranArAyaNane AtmA eve| hu` pitA dharma' ne mAtA mUrti (bhakti)ne tyAM sAmaveda brAhmaNa tarIke janma laIza''. (adhyAya 18, laiA. 42, 43), svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanA anuyAyIo mRtyu pachI jyAM jAya che te gAlAka ane akSaradhAma vize paNa AmAM nirUpaNa karAyela che. TUMkamAM, prastuta graMthamAM prabhue nAradajIne je upadeza Apela tenuM ja nirUpaNa sa MpradAyanA AdhAratha ke je zrIjI mahArAje lakhela-lakhAvela che-zikSApatrI'mAM thayela-karAyela che. zrI munazIjIe adAlatamAM svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyano uttama vikAsa-sAdhAra varNavI-darzAvI khAcAsaNa(guNu tItAnaMda ane majJapuruSadAsajI)ne siddhAMta mULathI kaI rIte alaga paDe che ema dRAkhalA vaMzIya saha sAbita karatAM pariNAmasvarUpa vaDalAtanI jIta thaI. sAmA pakSe naDiyAdanA jillA nyAyAdhIzanI adAlatamAM apIla karela. ahIM bacAva-pakSanA vakIla hatAM zrI ema. pI. mIna (je pachIthI muMbaI sarakAranA eN vAkeTa-janarala banyA hatA) ane vaDatAla pakSe hatA zrI ka. mA. munazI. alabatta, ahIM paNa vaDAla thayuM hatuM. pariziSTa erasadanI adAlatamAM zrI ka. mA. munazI A kesa jItyA enA AdhAra hateA phrI ca Apha skoTalaeNnDa' nAmanA I.sa. 1904 nA eka apI-kesa. A kresamAM 'hAusa eNkalAke' je cukAdo Apela tenA mULabhUta siddhAMta A hatA H amuka sa`pradAyane mATe rakhAyela TrasTamAM bIjA patha ke saMpradAyavALA, baMne sa'pradAyanA keTalAka siddhAMtA sarakhA hovAnA kAraNe ja bhAgIdAra thaI zake nahi." lAI DelIe jaNAvela ke "eka saMpradAyanA anuyAyIkhe! vacce matabheda UbhA thAya tyAre cukAdo ApatAM AgaLa adAlate e saMpradAyanA 82] 1989/AkaTo.-nave. [ pathika-dIpAvsavAM For Private and Personal Use Only

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mULa siddhAMtane AdhAre ja nirNaya kare joIe. bahumatI kayA pakSe che athavA ene kayo siddhAMta sAce ane buddhipUrvakane lAge che e vAtane kevaLa aprastuta gaNI kADhavI joIe." ke, hAiskUla, jAmakaMDoraNa-360405 noMdhaH adAlatamAM AvA sAMpradAyika mukaddAomAM kayA pakSano vijaya thayo ane kayA pakSane parAjya thaze enuM mahatva amane nathI lAgatuM. A viSaya nathI adAlatane ke nathI vakIlone, e te sAMpradAyika praNAlIne che, eTale zrI vaDatAlanI gAdIne vijaya thayo tema bocAsaNane zAstrIjI mahArAjano vijaya thayo hota te ene paNa kaI artha nahe. AnA mULamAM te sAMpradAyika paripATImAM ane siddhAMtamAM jayAre jayAre sudhArAnA saMyoga UbhA thAya che tyAre saMpradAyamAM judA phirakA UbhA thAya che. vidraka hiMsAmaya yajJaparipATInI sAme pAMcarAtra-sAta-bhAgavata saMpradAya ane enA pachI thoDA ja samayamAM bauddha saMpradAya tathA jaina saMpradAya kevI rIte UbhA thavA ? zrI karAcAryajI kevI rIte agra bhUmikAmAM AvyA ? emanA siddhAMtonI sAme zrI rAmAnujAcAryajI zrI.veNu vAmI zrIniMbArkacArya zrImadacAryajI zrI vallabhAcAryajI kevI rIte AgaLa AvyA ? zrIsaMpradAyamAMthI ja zrIrAmAnaMdasvAmI kevI rIte chUTA paDavA ? bImapAyAnA siddhAMtanA vikAsamAM zrIgautanya mahAprabhujI kevI rIte alaga tarI AvyA ? zrI rAmAnujaya datasaddhAMtane Adara karanArA zrI sahajAnaMda svAmI kevI rIte AgaLa AvyA ? yuropamAM kalikAnI sAme proTesTa-TA ane islAmamAM ziyA tathA sunI ane sunnIe mAMthI kAdiyAnI-ehamadiyA tathA IsmAIlI o ane dAudI vorAenA saMpradAya kevI rIte alaga thavA ? A badhI samayanI mAMga che. zrI hanana sAmI khUba udAramatavAdI hatA ane ITa tarIke naranArAyaNa uparAMta zrIzaMkarane tarapha paNa eTalA ja AdarathI jotA hatA. ApI ApaNA bhAratIya saMpradAyamAM "AyAryamAM vijAnIyAta-bhagavAna kahe che ke AcAryane mATe svarU5 mAna" e dRSTie saMpradAyasthApakene bhagavAnanA avatAra mAnavAmAM Ave e asvAbhAvika nathI. ItihAsanA vidyArthIne te potAnI sAme pramANutha tarIke rajU karavAmAM Avate te te graMtha pote keTalo pramANasiddha che enI kasoTI karavAnI hoya che. Ane kAraNe navA racavAmAM AvelA graMthanI cakAsaNI karavAnI hoya che. A tarapha zraddhA ane bhAvanAthI jevuM e eka vAta che ane ItihAsanI dRSTie jovuM e bIjI vAta che, sAMpradAyika AMtarika jhaghaDAone adAlatamAM laI javA e svayaM gherI sAMpradAyikatA che, jene AjanI vIsamI sadImAM hArayAspada gaNavAmAM Ave che. jene je mAnavuM che te mAnavAne adhikAra che, zANA samAje te je gaLe Utare tevuM hoya te barabara, bAkInuM agrAhya, enAthI AgaLa jaI ekabIjAnI niMdAmAM paDavAne koI artha nathI, divAla vaDedarAnA eka vidyAvyAsaMgI taraphathI zubhecchA pathika-dIpinsavAda]. 1989 ka.-nave, For Private and Personal Use Only

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R$21.-. Reg. No. GAMC-19 Look for the elephant if you're in the building business. FLEPHANT BRAND ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT 13 Now good news for builders and contractors. For good quality cement that makes buildings last and last. Use Elephant Brand Cement from Saurashtra Cement and Chemical Industries, Ltd. Choose from ordinary Portland cement or Pozzolana Portland cement. Both carry the ISI mark. CEMEMULANTRA INDUSTRIES LTD RANAVAV-360 560 (Gujarat) Gram : 'SUCCESS', Ranavav Tele. 21497/98/99, 21529, 21785 Telex : 166-222 SHRI IN AHMEDABAD OFFICE , 602, 6th Floor, Chinubhai Centre, Ashram Road, AHMEDABAD-9 : Tele. No. 78372 SAURASHTRA CEMENT & CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD. 768 4:33 247 dal : 448 444' 412 91. 340217 kl. 114, ?. wydd, fazon, 1996-32000's al. 24-10-1626 Hag24.10 : 1211 yule4, 32144ellat ein, formy?, 24451416-360 007 4 : 22221da areola, Gy?, HIN931 un 17, 24H61916-320 00 For Private and Personal Use Only