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CHAPTER FOUR
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those lying within the zone of Kalpas and Kalpātīta or those lying beyond the zone of Kalpas. The Kalpopapannas are those who reside inside the Kalpas, the Kalpātītas are those who reside above the Kalpas. These Vaimānikas reside neither at one and the same place nor by the side of one another but one above another. 18-19.
There are twelve classes of Kalpas-viz. Saudharma, Aiśāna, etc. Of these, Saudharma-kalpa is situated at a height of an asāňkhyāta yojanas above the circle of Jyotiskas and in the ākāśa--part indicated by the southerly side of Meru. Much above it but in a northernly direction is situated the Aiśāna-kalpa. Situated much above the Saudharma-kalpa and in a single straight line is the Sānatkumāra-kalpa while situated above the Aiśānakalpa and in a single straight line is the Māhendra-kalpa. Situated in between them but above them is the Brahmaloka-kalpa. Above it are situated one above another and in a single straight line the three Kalpas, Lāntaka, Mahāśukra and Sahasrāra. Above them are situated in the fashion of Saudharma and Aiśāna the two Kalpas Anata and Prāṇata. Above them are situated in the fashion of Sānatkumara and Māhendra and in a single straight line the two Kalpas Ārana and Acyuta. Above the Kalpas are situated one above another the nine Vimānas which, because they act like neck (Sanskrit, “grīvā') in relation to loka conceived after the figure of a man, are called graiveyaka. Above them are situated one above another the five Vimānas, Vijaya, Vaijayanta, Jayanta, Aparājita and Sarvārthasiddha which, because they are best (Sanskrit, uttara) or chief among all, are called anuttara.
The gods residing from Saudharma upto Acyuta are Kalpopapanna while those residing above them are Kalpātīta. The relation of servant and lord obtains among the Kalpopapanna gods but not among the Kalpātīta ones; the latter, since they are all akin to indra, are called ahamindra (lit. 'I am Indra'). If an occasion arises for visiting the Manusyaloka it is the Kalpopapanna gods who undertake the venture; as for the Kalpātīta ones, they never leave their place with a view to visiting another quarter. 20.
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