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CHAPTER NINE
351
bakuśa and practisevanākuśīla consists of ten Pūrva-texts, in the case of kasāyakuśīla and nirgrantha it consists of the fourteen Pūrva texts. Similarly, the minimum scriptural knowledge in the case of pulāka consists of ācāravastu' in the case of bakuśa, kuśīla and nirgrantha it consists of astapravacanamātā (i.e. the five samitis and three guptis). As for snātaka he being omniscient is altogether devoid of scriptural knowledge.
Pratisevanā or Violation of a Rule-of-Conduct :
Of the five mahāvratas and the sixth vrata of desisting from nightly eating any one is violated by pulāka under the violent pressure of someone else; on the view of certain authorities pulāka violates only the fourth vrata. As for bakuśa he is of two sub-types-viz. upakaranabakuśa and śarīrabakuśą. Thus he who having developed a deep attachment for implements desires to have various valuable and specialized implements, collects them and embellishes them—he is called upakaranabakuśa; on the other hand, he who having developed a deep attachment for his body embellishes it with a view to beautifying it-he is called śarirabakuśa. As for pratisevanākuśīla he while not at all violating any of the basic virtues of a monk violates certain of his derivative virtues. Lastly, snātaka violates no rule of conduct at all.
Tirtha or Spiritual Overlordship :
All the five types of nirgrantha are to be found in the period of the spiritual overlordship of any and every tīrtharkara. In the view of certain authorities the three types pulāka, bakuša and pratisevanākuśīla are necessarily found in the period of a tirthařkara's spiritual overlordship while the remaining types kasāyakuśīla etc. are to be found both in such a period and in a period that is not such.
1. The third prakaraṇa of the ninth Pūrva bears this title and it is it that is to be understood here.
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