Jain Dharmni Vaigyanik Aadharshila

Author(s): Kanti V Maradia
Publisher: L D Institute of Indology
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/023257/1

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paMDita sukhalAlajI saMghavI graMthamALA - 6 jainadharmanI asulas AdhArazilA kAnti vI. maraDiyA jIva Iti karma saMyuktaH |1| nArakatiryaMDa-manuSyA-devA Iti nAma saMyuktA: prakRtayaH | TharyAvaraNa-mAtrAyA: tAratamya-vibhutaH |2| pariNAmAt karma karmaNo bhati, gatiSa: gatiH || mithyAdarzanA-viti-pramAda-kaSAyayogAH bandhahetavaH 4 prANighAtena saptam narka gatoH | ahiMsAyA: laM sarva, minyat kAmadeva sA |4ba tapasA mirjA ca |4| 1: 191 kaba lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidhAmaMdira amadAvAda-380 009 Ava ta

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paMDita sukhalAlajI saMghavI graMthamALA - 6 jainadharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA lekhaka kAnti vI. maraDiyA gujarAtI anuvAdaka zrIdevI mahetA pradhAna saMpAdaka jitendra bI. zAha bhAratI ti vidyAmA prakAzaka lA.da.bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira navaraMgapurA, amadAvAda-380 009.

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jainadharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA lekhaka : kAnti vI. maraDiyA anuvAda : zrIdevI mahetA pradhAna saMpAdaka : jitendra bI. zAha prathama gujarAtI AvRtti : amadAvAda, 2011 punaHmudraNa aMgrejI AvRtti : dilhI, 2007 saMzodhita aMgrejI AvRtti dilhI, 2002 saMvardhita aMgrejI AvRtti dilhI, 1996 prathama aMgrejI AvRtti dilhI, 1990 e-mail Idindology@gmail.com nakala 500 mUlya 200/bhAratamAM prakAzana paMDita sukhalAlajI saMghavI graMthamALA-6 TAupa seTiMga : lA.da.bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira navaraMgapurA, amadAvAda-9. mudraka sarvodaya ophaseTa amadAvAda,

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(sva.) zrI varadIcaMdajI maDiyA (sva.) zrImatI saMgArIbAI maDiyA tathA (sva.) zrI dhanarAjajI bAphanA zrImatI sumatibAI bAphanA ne samarpita kAnti ane pavana maraDiyA mAtuzrI zrImatI sumatibAI bAphanAnI 100mI varSagAMTha nimitte temanAM karakamaLomAM sAdara samarpita pavana kAnti maraDiyA -

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dharma vinA vijJAna paMgu che, vijJAna vinA dharma aMdha che. je vyakti dhArmika rIte prabuddha hoya te vyakti mane evI lAge ke jeNe potAnI kSamatA anusAra svArthaparAyaNa icchAonAM baMdhanothI chuTakAro meLavI lIdho che.... AinasTAina (1940-41) juo pR.106. jaina e vyakti jeNe potAnA AMtarika zatruo para vijaya prApta karI lIdho hoya.

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prakAzakIya jainadharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA" pustaka prakAzita karatA ame atyaMta harSa ane AnaMdanI lAgaNI anubhavIe chIe. A pustaka mULa to aMgrejI bhASAmAM lakhAyuM che. tenuM prakAzana dilhInI bhAratIya vidyAnI agragaNya prakAzanasaMsthA motIlAla banArasIdAse karyuM che. tenI eka karatAM vadhu AvRttio pragaTa thaI cUkI che. A graMthano hindI anuvAda paNa thaI cUkyo che ane te vArANasI sthita pArzvanAtha vidyApIThe prakAzita karyo che. aMgrejI na jANatA bhAratIyone A anuvAda upayogI thAya tevo che. paraMtu hindI anuvAda mULa graMthane barAbara anusarato na hoya tevo jaNAya che. ghaNA sthaLe to anuvAda aspaSTa che. be varSa pUrve mULa graMthanA lekhaka pro. kAMtibhAI maraDiyA amadAvAda AvyA tyAre hindI anuvAda aMgenI carcA cAlI rahI hatI. te daramiyAna gujarAtI anuvAdanI paNa vAta paNa cAlI. kAMtibhAIe jaNAvyuM ke huM gujarAtI anuvAda karAvI rahyo chuM. ane temaNe gujarAtI anuvAda vAMcI yogya sUcano karavA jaNAvyuM. thoDA divasa bAda temaNe gujarAtI anuvAdanAM thoDAM pAnA mokalI ApyAM. e anuvAda eka to hindI graMtha parathI taiyAra karavAmAM Avyo hato ane tenI gujarAtI bhASA paNa pravAhI na hatI tethI meM mArAM sUcano sAthe anuvAda parata mokalyo hato. temaNe mArAM sUcano to svIkAryA paNa sAthe sAthe anuvAda karAvavAnuM kAma paNa mane soMpyuM. A kAma saraLa to na ja hatuM. meM eka anuvAdakane kAma soMpyuM ane temaNe anuvAda karIne Apyo. paraMtu te anuvAda barAbara na hato. kAraNa ke mULa pustakamAM aneka jagyAe vaijJAnika paribhASAno upayoga thayo che. teno anuvAda to je vijJAnanA siddhAMtonuM jJAna dharAvatA hoya te ja karI zake. AthI saMpUrNa anuvAda rada karyo. pariNAme dhAryA samayamAM kAma na thaI zakyuM ane anuvAdanuM kArya to adhUruM ja rahyuM. te samaye DaoN. zrIdevI mahetAe anuvAda karavAnuM kArya svIkAryuM. temaNe mULa pustakano saMpUrNa abhyAsa karI anuvAdanuM kAma zarU

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karyuM. aneka sthaLe zaMkAo hatI tenuM sAthe besI nirAkaraNa karyuM ane saMpUrNa anuvAda suMdara rIte taiyAra thayo je Aje prakAzita thaI rahyo che. pro. kAMtibhAI maraDiyA sTeTesTIksanA prophesara tarIke iMglaeNnDanI yunivarsiTImAM adhyApana kare che. temane jainadharmanA siddhAMto jANavA ane samajavAnI savizeSa rUci hovAne kAraNe svayaM abhyAsa karI AjanA yugane anurUpa jaina siddhAMtonI vivecanA karI che. te dRSTie A graMtha upayogI che. jainadharmanA siddhAMto ane tattvajJAna aMge chellA be-traNa dAyakAthI vizvastare ciMtana cAlI rahyuM che. jainadharmanA siddhAMto sUkSma ane gahana che. jainadharmanuM karmavijJAna ane Atmatattva to atyaMta gahana che. khUba vistRta paNa che. sAmAnya jijJAsune tarata na samajAya tevuM paNa che. vaLI zailI paNa pAribhASika zabdovALI hovAthI kaThina lAge tevI che. A uparAMta saraLa bhASAmAM vaijJAnika paddhatithI tenuM vivecana thAya to te AjanA yuvAna jijJAsumitrone upayogI thAya tevI carcAo haMmezA cAlatI hatI, paNa te kArya thavAnuM bAkI hatuM. A khoTane pro.kAMtibhAI maraDiyAe pUrNa karI che mATe te abhinaMdanane pAtra che. gujarAtIbhASI jijJAsuone upayogI thAya tema gujarAtI anuvAda karavA mATe DaoN. zrIdevI mahetAne paNa abhinaMdana. amane AzA che ke jijJAsuone A graMtha upayogI thaze. A kAryamAM sahayoga karanAra sarvano AbhAra. 2011, amadAvAda 5. jitendra bI. zAha

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pAkkathana (prathama aMgrejI AvRttimAMthI) pro.maraDiyAe temanA pustaka "The Scientific Foundations of Jainism"nuM prAkathana lakhavAnuM mane kahyuM tenAthI keTalAMka kAraNosara meM prasannatA anubhavI. pro.maraDiyAne huM ghaNA varSothI oLakhuM chuM ane jainadharmane lagatA aneka prazno vize amAre rasaprada vicAravimarza thatA rahyA che. Adhunika vijJAnanA saMdarbhe jaina darzana ane dharmane samajAvatuM eka pustaka lakhavAnI temanI manokAmanA vize paNa amAre carcA thaI hatI. mane khuzI che ke A pustakanuM paheluM lakhANa mane jovA maLyuM che ane enA AkharI lakhANane jonArAomAMno paNa huM eka chuM. huM mAnuM chuM ke prA.maraDiyAe jaina sAhityamAM eka bahumUlya pradAna karyuM che. eka bIjuM kAraNa paNa mAre jaNAvavuM joIe : manISIo ane vidvajjano jyAre pro.maraDiyAnuM A pustaka vAMcaze tyAre sahaja rIte te badhA mArI A noMdha paNa joze. jainadharma eka prAcIna dharma-vyavasthA che. jaina paraMparAonAM mULa cheka AdikALa sudhI pahoMce che. atyaMta saMzayavAdI nAstika paNa tenA lagabhaga 3000 varSanA itihAsane nakArI zakaze nahi. jainadharma samayathI sthira rahyo nathI. vidvAno ane jJAnIonI peDhI dara peDhI temAM umero karatI rahI che. te vivecana, TIkA, samajUtIo ItyAdithI samRddha thatuM rahyuM che; pariNAme jaina sAhitya prativarSa vistRta, pracura thatuM gayuM che. jainadharmano abhyAsa meM zokhathI zarU karyo hato. zarUAtathI ja huM mAnato hato ke tenA siddhAMto Adhunika vijJAna sAthe sumeLa dharAve che. jaina vicArasaraNI, jaina darzana anaMta che. jo ke prAcIna lakhANo e samayanI bhASAo - saMskRta, prAkRtamAM lakhAyAM che. e lakhANomAMnI saMkalpanAo, vibhAvanAo e kALanI vaijJAnika zabdAvalIthI abhivyakta thaI che. kSatirahita cokasAI mATe tema ja gUDha, gahana ane kaThina saMkalpanAone spaSTa karavA mATe e bhASAo vii

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sakSama che. chatAM AtyaMtika sacoTatA ke punarAvartanane kAraNe arthaghaTana agharuM paNa bane che. prAcIna pAribhASika zabdAvalInA Adhunika paryAya ke samAnArthI zabdo zodhAyA nathI tethI jaine vicAranA koI eka pAsA vizenuM Adhunika pustaka samajAya nahi tevI pAribhASika zabdonA khIcaDA jevuM banI javAnI saMbhAvanA rahe che. pro.maraDiyA vijJAnanA viziSTa vidvAna che. e gaNitajJa che. kharekhara to e AMkaDAzAstrI che. temanI yunivarsITI DigrIomAM traNa pIeca.DI. samAviSTa che. vaLI, te eka bhAvika zrAvaka che. Ama Adhunika vijJAnanI paribhASAmAM jainadharmanA mULabhUta siddhAMto, darzana ane nItizAstranuM arthaghaTana karavA mATe e suyogya kSamatA dharAve che. pro.maraDiyAnuM pustaka traNa bhAgamAM vaheMcAyeluM che. sauprathama e AtmA, karma, jIva ane ajIvanI mULabhUta saMkalpanA samajAve che ane tene jIvana, maraNa ane brahmAMDa vizenA jaina vicAra sAthe sAMkaLe che. tyAra pachI, te sAmAnyamAMthI vizeSa tarapha, AtmanigrahanA abhyAsa tarapha ane AtmAnA zuddhIkaraNanA patha para laI jAya che. te pachInAM be prakaraNo, je dhyAnapUrvakanuM vAcana mAMgI le che, temAM jaina tarkane tenI mAnya ane svIkArya evI adhikRta jagA para goThave che. te Adhunika bhautikazAstranA mULabhUta tema ja adyatana pAsAone jaina lakhANomAMnA vaijJAnika siddhAMto sAthe samajAve che. pro.maraDiyAe ghaNAM varSonI jahemata pachI taiyAra karelA lakhANane pustaka svarUpe jotAM mane khUba AnaMda thAya che. mane khAtarI che ke Adhunika jamAnAnA jaino jeo, sadIo pahelAMnAM lakhANo sAthe susaMgatatA, tAla meLavatA takalIpha anubhave che temane A pustaka khUba upayogI thaze. jainetaro, khAsa karIne bahu ochA jANItA evA A dharmane tArkika rIte samajavA jeo prayatna karatA haze temane paNa A pustaka khUba upayogI nIvaDaze. AgaLa meM kahyuM te doharAvuM chuM ke A pustaka jaina sAhityamAM mahattvanuM yogadAna che. huM pro.maraDiyAne abhinaMdana pAThavuM chuM ane saune A pustaka vAMcavA mATe hRdayapUrvaka bhalAmaNa karuM chuM. paoNla mAreTa lophabaro yunivarsiTI viii

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prastAvanA jainadharma samajavA ane teno artha Adhunika saMdarbhamAM zodhavA bAbate tAjetaramAM punaHjAgRti AvI che. paradezanA jaina tarUNo, je pacaraMgI samAjamAM ucharyA che te badhA navA paryAvaraNa sAthe jainadharmanI susaMgatatA samajavA prayAsa karI rahyA che. huM kahIza ke jainadharma vaijJAnika siddhAMto para racAyelo che ane meM cAra vidhAno, pAyAnI mULabhUta avadhAraNAonI racanA karI che, jenA para, mArA mate, jainadharma AdhArita che. A vidhAno (sUtro) vigatone badale sattva para phokasa kare che. lIsa yunivarsITImAM sTeTisTIksanA prophesara tarIkenA mArA udghATana pravacananI sAthe A kAmanI zarUAta I.sa.1975mAM thaI hatI. vidhAno(sUtro) sauprathama vAra 1979mAM lesTaramAM eka nAnakaDA saMmelanamAM rajU karyA hatAM, jemAM tene utsAhathI vadhAvavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. e saMmelanamAM sarvazrI naTubhAI zAha ane paoNla mAreTa paNa hAjara hatA. keliphorniyA yunivarsiTInA pro.padmanAbha esa. jainInA pustaka "The Jaina Path of Purification"(1979)thI mArI abhirUci punaH sakriya thaI. mArA A pustaka mATe huM pro.jainIno RNI chuM. jaina dharmagraMthomAMthI maLatA AdhAra je have pachInA vivaraNanI aMtahita che temAMnA moTA bhAganA pro.padmanAbha jainInA pustakamAM maLaze ane tethI enuM A pustakamAM punarAvartana karyuM nathI. jaina pAribhASika zabdo pro.jainInA lipyAMtaraNane anusare che. emanA pustakamAM sarasa zabdAvalI ApelI che, je vAcakane samaja mATe bahu upayogI che. udAharaNa tarIke "karma ane "yoga' zabdonA artha jainadharmamAM ane hindudharmamAM judA che. eTale ke A zabdonA pracalita artha che te jainadharmamAM upayukta nathI. (pustakane aMte ApelI pAribhASika zabdAvalI juo.) A viSayanI bhUmikA bAMdhavA ApaNe ix

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paoNla mAreTanuM "Jainism Explained" (1985) ane vinoda kapAzInuM "Jainism for Young Persons" (1985) jovA joIe. urphalA kiMga(1987)no lekha jovA paNa bhalAmaNa che. A pustaka mATe gaNita ane bhautikazAstrano Acho achaDato paricaya upayogI thaze. ene kAraNe vaijJAnika ane citrAtmaka nirUpaNa samajI zakAze, anyathA e zakya nahi bane. ghaNAM jaina bALako janmathI jaina hovAthI jaina dharma pALe che, zraddhAthI nahi. bhAratamAM Azare 90 lAkha ane paradezamAM Azare eka lAkha jaino che. evI AzA rAkhIe ke A pustaka zraddhAthI jaina dharma pALanArAM bALakone upayogI thaze. - prakaraNa 1 jainadharmano TUMko paricaya ane cAra vidhAnonI yAdI Ape che. prakaraNa 2 thI 7 vidhAnonI samajUtI Ape che ane Adhunika saMdarbhamAM temanI vizvasanIyatA samajAve che. A vidhAnone kAraNe keTalIka mahattvanI bAbato udbhave che ane e vistArapUrvaka rajU karavAmAM AvI che. prakaraNa 8mAM mULabhUta praNAlIonI rUparekhA ane prakaraNa 9mAM jaina tarkanI keTalIka saMkalpanAo ApI che. prakaraNa 10 darzAve che ke jainadharma ane Adhunika vijJAna kevo saMbaMdha dharAve che. pustakane aMte jaina pAribhASika zabdAvalI ApelI che, je vAcakane tenA aMgrejI paryAya jANavAmAM madadarUpa thaze. pariziSTa 1mAM bhagavAna mahAvIranuM eka vyakti tarIkenuM jIvana ApyuM che. pariziSTa mAM evA mAnya jaina graMthono Acho khyAla Apyo che, jemAMthI vidhAno tAravyAM che. khristI dharma mATe eka graMtha bAIbala che, evo eka mAtra graMtha jainadharma mATe nathI, balka hAlamAM (zvetAmbaromAM) upalabdha che evA graMthonI saMkhyA 45 che. pariziSTa 3 a mAM jenAM para vidhAno AdhArita che evA mULa srota darzAvyAM che. vaLI. pariziSTa 3 ba mAM keTalAMka mahattvanAM avataraNo, jemano lakhANamAM ullekha che te darzAvyAM che. pariziSTa 4 mAM zuddhIkaraNanAM sopAnonI mahattvanI saMkalpanAnuM saraLa ramata - sApasIDIthI nirUpaNa karyuM che. te pachI saMdarbhasUci paNa ApI che. jeoe jainadharmano khyAla sIdhesIdho meLavavo hoya temane

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umAsvAtinuM tattvArtha-sUtra vAMcavA bhalAmaNa che. tenA aMgrejI anuvAda paNa upalabdha che (juo saMdarbhasUci). alabatta prathama vAcana veLAe temaNe tattvArtha-sUtramAMnA vistRta vibhAjana, peTA-vibhAjana vagerenuM bahu gaMbhIra rIte vAcana na karavuM, tene kAraNe tattva parathI vigatomAM viSayAMtara thaI javAnI saMbhAvanA raheze. ghaNA saikAo sudhI pAyAnAM AdhArabhUta tattvo maukhika rIte, zruti-smRtithI, pracalita thatAM hatAM tyAre AvI vistRta rUparekhAo jarUrI hatI. huM herI TrIkeTa pratye hArdika kRtajJatA vyakta karuM chuM. temaNe AkhA pustakanAM vividha lakhANo dhIrajapUrvaka vAMcIne aneka racanAtmaka sUcano karyAM che. yuropanA jaina samAjanA pramukha zrI naTubhAI zAha, pro. pI.esa.jainI, gurudeva zrI citrabhAnu, gaNeza lAlavANI, paoNla mAreTa, vinoda kapAzI, nIgala smITana, elana voTakinsa, vijaya jaina, Tima heinsavartha temaja mArA khAsa mitra sva.kuMdana jogATarano huM RNasvIkAra karuM chuM. mArI patnI pavana, mArAM saMtAno - belA, hemaMta ane nItA tathA lIDsa jaina grupanA sabhyonAM sUcanothI mane ghaNo lAbha thayo che. Adhunika vijJAnanA saMdarbhamAM ame vividha saMkalpanAonuM zakya teTalI nirapekSa rIte punaHarthaghaTana karavAno prayatna karyo che. punaHarthaghaTana samaye naDelI samasyAomAM eka moTI samasyA e hatI ke jaina pado prAkRta ane saMskRta bhASAo para AdhArita che, jyAre Adhunika vijJAnanI pAribhASika zabdAvalI grIka bhASA para AdhArita che. ame mAnIe chIe ke vijJAnanA eka nAnA kSetramAM rIsarca DIgrI meLavanAra ghaNAM varSo parizrama kare che, teTalI ja niSThA jainadharmanA TeknIkala mULAdhArane samajavA apanAvavI apekSita che. AlbarTa AinsTAInanA sApekSatAvAdane samajatA-niSNAtone paNa lAMbo samaya lAgyo hato te yAda rAkhavuM ghaTe. aMte, "kevaLajJAna" athavA anaMta jJAna prApta karyA pachI ja vyaktine jaina vijJAnanuM satya samajAya che e jaina pratipAdanane paNa ApaNe mahattva ApavuM rahyuM. ke.vI. maraDiyA divALI 9, navembara, 1988 *.

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vizeSa RNasvIkAra lagabhaga badhAM prakaraNo mATe pro.padmanAtha esa. jainInA "The Jaina Path of Purification' (1979), barkalI yunivarsITI presa, barkalI (motIlAla banArasIdAsa, dilhI, 1979 dvArA punarmudrita)nAM pramANabhUta sAhitya para AdhAra rAkhavAmAM Avyo che. temanAM pustakanAM nIce darzAvelAM pRSTha parathI lIdhelAM avataraNo mATe huM kRtajJa chuM : prakaraNa 1. pR.32 prakaraNa 3. pR.98 prakaraNa 4. pR.109, 112-4, 150 prakaraNa 5. pR.140-1, 147, 150 prakaraNa 6. pR.159, 168- 9, 171 prakaraNa 8. pR.252-3 xii

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prakAzakIya prAthana prastAvanA vizeSa RNa svIkAra anukramaNikA 1 : jaina ane jainadharma 1.1 viSayapraveza 1.2 jainadharmanI keTalIka lAkSaNikatAo 1.3 sUtrAtmaka abhigama 2.2 mULabhUta saMkalpanAo 2.2.1 AtmA 2 : AtmA ane kArmika dravyano siddhAnta (vidhAna 1) 11-23 2.1 vidhAna kArpaNa kaNo ane kArmika dravya 2.2.2 2.2.3 pArasparika kriyA 2.3 mahatvanA zabdo 2.3.1 kArmika prakriyA 2.3.2 kArmika ghanatva 2.3.3 dIrghakAlIna saumya sthiti = = = = 2.3.4 nava tattvo 2.4 mahattvanI samAnatAo (sAdazyatAo) 2.4.1 cuMbakatva 2.4.2 prakIrNa samAnatA 1-9 1 6 8 11 12 12 12 13 15 15 16 18 18 21 22 22

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25 29 23 33 36 44 3: jIvananI zreNIbaddhatA (vidhAna 2) - 25-31 3.1 vidhAna 25 3.2 jIvana-ekamo ane jIvana-dharI 3.3 indriyonI saMkhyA/buddhine AdhAre jIvana-dharInuM vibhAjana ra6 3.4 jIvanI cAra gatio 4H janma ane maraNanAM cakra- vidhAna 3) 33-47 4.1 vidhAna 4.2 kArmika ghaTako 4.3 zenuM parivahana thAya che ? 4.4 cha dravyo (Existents) 37 4.5 jaina kaNa-bhautika vijJAna (Jain Particle Physics) 43 4.6 jIvanacakronA vyAvahArika saMketo 4.7 sAmAnya avalokana 46 5 : AcAra-vyavahAramAM karmabaMdha (vidhAna 4 a) 49 5.1 vidhAna 5.2 vyavahAramAM karmo 5.3 bhAvajanya pravRttio ane cAra bhAva 51 5.4 kaSAyonI kakSAo (Degrees of Passsions) 6: kAzmaNonuM aMtima zoSaNa (vidhAna 4 ba) pa9-68 6.1 vidhAna 6.2 tAtparya 6.3 hiMsAnuM bhAvAtmaka pAsuM 6.4 jaina sArvatrika sAMsArika cakro 7H Atmavijayano mArga (vidhAna 4 ka) 99-84 7.1 vidhAna 69 7.2 zuddhIkaraNa-akSa ane cauda guNasthAnako 7.3 zarUAtanAM cAra sopAno 49 paO 59 65 7

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85 86 (81 7.3.1 sopAnonI vyAkhyA ane AMtarika gati 72 7.3.2 cothA guNasthAnakanuM varNana ane dekhItA saMketo 74 7.4 guNasthAnaka pAMcathI guNasthAnaka agiyAra 7.5 guNasthAnaka bAramAthI cauda 7.6 kakSA (level) ane saMkramaNonuM raikhika nirUpaNa 7.7 guNasthAnakomAM saMkramaNa 8: zuddhIkaraNa mATenA upAyo 85-98 8.1 prAstAvika 8.2 samyaka darzananA ATha guNo 85 8.3 zrAvaka mATe pAMcamuM guNasthAnaka 8.4 guNasthAnaka che ane sAdhuo 8.5 uccatara guNasthAnaka ane dhyAna 8.6 traNa ratno athavA ratnatraya (Gem-trio) 8.7 kAra calAvavAnI sAthe AdhyAtmika pragatinI sarakhAmaNI 95 9 : jaina tarkazAstra 99-107 9.1 prAstAvika 99 9.2 anumAnAtmaka tarka | sUkSma tarka 101 9.3 syAdvAda, pAristhitika kathanano siddhAMta 102 9.4 sApekSa samagratAno siddhAMta (anekAMtavAda) 9.5 vicAravimarza 106 10H jainadharma ane Adhunika vijJAna 109-120 10.1 samarUpatAo 109 10.2 Adhunika kaNa bhautika vijJAna 111 10.3 kudaratamAMnAM cAra baLo 114 10.4 anya keTalIka samarUpatAo 118 10.5 samApana 120 upasaMhAra 121-126 1. kAmaNa kaNa ane karmonuM vyaktigata komyuTara 121 104

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125 2. karmabaMdha ane zAkAhAra 123 3. kAmaNa kaNo ane jJAnanuM AvaraNa 123 4. zuddhIkaraNano mArga 124 5. AtmasaMyama ane paryAvaraNanI samasyAo pariziSTa 129-134 pariziSTa 1 bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmInuM jIvanavRttAMta 129 pari.1.1 lakSyanuM anusaraNa ane jJAnaprApti 130 pari.1.2 tIrthakararUpe bhagavAna mahAvIranuM jIvana 132 pariziSTa ra jaina AgamagraMtho 135-140 pari.2.1 pramukha AgamagraMtho 135 pari.2.2 dvitIyaka jaina Agama-anuyoga-AdhArita graMtha 139 pariziSTa 3 avataraNa 141-143 a : vidhAno 141 ba : graMthomAMthI avataraNa (avataraNa : a) 142 pariziSTa 4 guNasthAnako ane sApasIDInI ramata 14pa-147 saMdarbhagraMtha sUci 148-154 aprAkRta, saMskRta tathA hindI graMtha ane temanA anuvAda 148 B : Modern Works 150 pustakamAM vaparAyelI pAribhASika zabdAvalI 1papa-1pa9 (aMgrejI-gujarAtI)

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jaina ane jainadharma 1.1 viSayapraveza samo arihaMtANaM. jainonA sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa prArthanAmaMtranI A prathama paMkti che. tadanusAra potAnA rAga-dveSa rUpI aMtaraMga zatruo upara vijaya prApta karI lIdho che, jemane arihaMta athavA ahat kahevAmAM Ave che, teone huM atyaMta bhaktipUrvaka namaskAra karuM chuM. AdarabhAvanI A abhivyakti vyaktinA dharma, jAti athavA sAmAjika staranI dRSTithI nirapekSa che. A guNa AdhArita namaskAra che. jainadharma' zabda prAcIna bhAratIya bhASA, ardhamAgadhInA "jiNa' zabdathI niSpanna thayo che. ardhamAgadhI bhASA 2500 varSa athavA tenAthI paNa pUrve bhAratanA keTalAka bhAgo(khAsa karIne magadha ane kauzala)nI lokabhASA hatI. "jiNa' zabdano artha che ke jemaNe AdhyAtmika vijaya prApta karI lIdho hoya, jemaNe rAga-dveSa jevA durgaNone saMpUrNapaNe jItI lIdhA hoya te. jiNa' zabdanuM saMskRta rUpa "jina" che. teno artha paNa te ja thAya che. Ane AdhAre jainadharma eTale evo dharma ke je jaino dvArA pAlana karAto hoya. Ama chatAM, ApaNe dharmanI apekSA AtmavijayanA mArgane mahattva ApavA mATe jainadharmane jainatvanA (Jainness) rUpe ja samajIzuM. vastutaH jaino dvArA pAspika abhivAdana mATe "jaya jinendra' bolavAmAM Ave che. A zabdano artha sarvotkRSTa jinano jayakAra che.

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA , che ja mAne che ane S ddhati A citra 1.1 : covIsamA tIrthaMkara mahAvIra svAmI bhagavAnanI pratimA (zvetAmbara pratimAomAM AMkha, hoTha ane mastaka suzobhita che). bhagavAna mahAvIranI pratimAnI oLakhANa temanI pIThikAmAM aMkita siMhanA cihnathI thAya che. sirohI, rAjasthAnanA maMdiranI pratimA)

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jaina ane jainadharma RSabha i.sa. pUrve 872 che pArzvanAtha : 23mA tIrthaMkara i.sa. pUrve 772 i.sa. pUrve 599 i.sa. pUrve 563 - - mahAvIra : 24mA tIrthaMkara buddha - - - mahAvIra-nirvANa i.sa. pUrve pa27 I.sa. pUrve 483 I.sa. pUrve 384 erisToTala I.sa. pUrve 4 (?) jIsasa krAIsTa .sa. 1869 i.sa. 1948 mahAtmA gAMdhI 13 nave.1974 mahAvIra-nirvANanI 2500mI jayaMtI citra 1.2 : jaina itihAsanI keTalIka mahattvapUrNa tithio, ahIM keTalIka anya tithio paNa ApI che. A rekhAciTA rakhika pramANa anusAra nathI.)

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA sAmAnyarUpe evuM kathana karavAmAM Ave che ke jainadharmanI sthApanA tIrthaMkara paramAtmAoe karI che. tIrthakaro e zalAkA puruSo che je jIvananA azAMta samudrane pAra karavAno mArga dekhADe che. teo AdhyAtmika mArga para agresara che. vartamAna yuganA 24 tIrthakara che jemAMnA prathama tIrthakara RSabhadeva hatA. jaina paraMparA anusAraMRSabhadeva aneka yugo pUrve thayA che. paraMtu jainadharmanI aitihAsikatA trevIsamA tIrthaMkara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha lagabhaga 2800 varSa pUrve (paraMparAgata tithi I.sa. pUrve 872-772 )nA samayathI mAnavAmAM Ave che A bAbate vidvAnomAM ekamata pravarte che. jaina nyAya ane darzana to covIsamA tIrthaMkara mahAvIrasvAmInA samayathI prasiddhimAM AvyAM. bhagavAna mahAvIrano janma I.sa.pUrve pa99mAM thayo hato ane nirvANa I.sa. pUrve para7 mAM thayuM hatuM. mahAvIrasvAmI ane gautama buddha (I.sa.pUrve 563-483)36 varSa sudhI samakAlIna rahyA, paraMtu ekabIjAne kyAreya paNa maLyA na hatA. AthI te banne dharmanetAonA viSaye ane temanA dharma bAbate brAnti hoya e svAbhAvika che. temanI pratimAothI temane alaga-alaga tAravI zakAya che. buddhanI pratimAo vastra hoya che, jayAre mahAvIrasvAmInI pratimAo vastra vagaranI, nirvastra hoya che (juo citra 1.1). e paNa dhyAnamAM rAkhavA jevI bAbata che ke jayAre buddha AtmajJAnanI prakriyAmAM lIna hatA, tyAre mahAvIra potAnI pragatinI carama sImA upara hatA. mahAvIrasvAmInA jIvananI vadhu mAhitI mATe juo pariziSTa-1. A tithione aitihAsika daSTithI jotAM jaNAya che ke yunAnanA saMta erisToTala I.sa.pUrve 384 mAM janmyA hatA ane isu khrista lagabhaga I.sa. pUrve 4mAM janmyA hatA. ahIM e noMdhavuM joIe ke bhAratamAM mahAvIrasvAmIno 2500mo nirvANa mahotsava 13 navembara 1974 thI 4 navembara 1975 sudhI ujavavAmAM Avyo hato. A badhI mahattvapUrNa tithio citra 1.2mAM darzAvI che. jainadharmanA aneka prazaMsakomAM mahAtmA gAMdhInuM nAma suprasiddha che, je zrImad rAjacaMdrathI khUba ja prabhAvita thayA hatA (juo esa. ena. he, 1970).

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jaina ane jainadharma hI citra 1.3 : bhagavAna pArzvanAtha, tevIsamA tIrthaMka2, (digambara pratimA) temanI AMkho, hoTha ke mastaka sajjita ke maMDita nathI. bhagavAna pArzvanAthanI pratimA tenI pIThikA upara banAvela phaNAvALA sarpanA cihnathI oLakhAya che. citramAMnI pratimA lIDsa, yu.ke.nI che.

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6 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA 1.2 jainadharmanI keTalIka lAkSaNikatAo jainadharmano sauthI mahattvano siddhAnta che mAnasika, vAcika ane kAyika ahiMsA. ahiMsA mAtra sAthI manuSyo pratye ja nahIM paraMtu nimna koTinA jIvo pratye paNa AcaravAnI che. A kAraNe ja prAyaH badhA ja jaino zAkAhArI che. jaino madhanuM ane dArUnuM paNa sevana nathI karatA, kAraNa ke te mAne che ke temAM nigoda, asaMkhya sUkSmajIvo hoya che. jainadharmanA anya mahattvanAM pAsAo che H (1) satya bolavuM satyavAditA, (2) corI na karavI, acaurya (3) vyaktigata parigrahamAM niyama, aparigraha ane (4) maithunI bhAvanigraha, bahmacarya. dhyAna ane sAmAnya AtmasaMyama paNa jainadharmanAM aMga che. jaino koI bAhya IzvaramAM zraddhA dharAvatA nathI. vizvanI racanA karI hoya ane pAlanapoSaNa karatA hoya athavA uddhAraka hoya tevA koI paNa bAhya IzvaranA astitvamAM jaino zraddhA dharAvatA nathI. paraMtu vyaktie pote ja samyak darzana, samyak jJAna, tathA samyak cAritra dvArA ja potAnA AtmAnuM kalyANa karavAnuM che athavA mukti prApta karavAnI che evuM mAnavAmAM Ave che. jyAre kevaLajJAnathI purnajanma cakrano aMta Ave che tevuM mAnavAmAM Ave che, AtmA chevaTe zAzvata AnaMda ane ananta jJAna meLave tyAre mukti prApta kare ane tenA janma, mRtyu ane punarjanmanA cakra samApta thaI jAya che. khristIomAM popa hoya che tevA koI eka sarvAdhikAra saMpanna dhArmika mArgopadezaka jainomAM hotA nathI, jo ke jainomAM keTalAka AcAryo, sAdhuo ane zrAvaka netAo hoya che, jemano vizeSa Adara ka2vAmAM Ave che. jainadharmanA aneka pavitra grantho che (juo pariziSTa2). khristIonA bAibalanI jema jainono mAtra eka pavitra pustaka nathI. jo ke umAsvAti(I.sa.nI dvitIya zatAbdI)no tattvArthasUtra grantha jainadharmano eka, mAnya sarvasaMgrAhaka grantha che. A badhAM mAdhyamo hovA chatAM, jainadharma anusAra pratyeka vyaktie satyanI zodha svayaM ja karavI paDe che, kAraNa ke koI sAdhu athavA koI eka evo grantha nathI ke je badhI ja samasyAonuM samAdhAna ApI zake. jevI rIte eka saMzodhaka prayogazALAmAM zodha kare che tevI rIte jainoe svayaM satya prApta karavAnI vivakSA che.

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jaina ane jainadharma sAraNI 1.1 : jenonA vibhinna saMpradAyo, temanA saMsthApako, temanA samaya ane keTalIka bhinnatA saMpradAya saMsthApaka samaya vizeSatAo 1. digambara bhadrabAhusvAmI I.sa.pU.300 mUrtipUjaka, sAdhuo vastra tyAga kare che. strIone mokSa nahi. sudhArAvAdI pravRtti tAraNa paMtha tAraNasvAmI 18mI sadI maMdira nahi, prArthanA bhavana anya banArasIdAsa, 16mI sadI pUrNa saMyama, maMdiromAM (ToDaramala) 18mI sadI vidhAnAdi nahi. 2. zvetAMbara sthUlabhadra ? I.sa.pU.300 mUrtipUjaka, sAdhuo zveta sutarAu vastradhArI, strIone mokSa maLI zake. sudhArAvAdI pravRtti sthAnakavAsI lokazAha 15mI sadI maMdira nahi, sAdhuo muhapatti lagAve che. (terApaMtha bhIkhaNajI 18mI sadI maMdira nahi, sAdhuone sahAya, anyane nahIM. jainadharmamAM keTalAka saMpradAyo che. temAM digambara ane zvetAmbara mukhya che. A banne saMpradAya mUrtipUjAmAM mAne che. paraMtu temanI mUrtio bhinna prakAranI hoya che. zvetAmbaronI pratimAonI AMkho, hoTha ane mastaka maMDita hoya che. juo citra 1.1.mAM mahAvIra svAmInI (zvetAmbara) pratimA ane citra 1.3.mAM tevIsamA tIrthaMkara pArzvanAthanI (digambara) pratimA. digambaro mAne che ke temanA sAdhuoe vastro sahita badhI ja vastuono tyAga karI devo joIe. jyAre zvetAmbara sAdhuo sapheda vastro pahere che. digambaro anusAra jina (bhagavAna) koI paNa sAMsArika kriyAmAM bhAga letA nathI ane temanI zArIrika kriyAo paNa thatI nathI.. jainomAM vividha sudhArAvAdI hilacAla thaI che. zvetAmbaronA be upasaMpradAyo - 1 sthAnakavAsI ane 2.terApaMthI - derAsara ane mUrtipUjAmAM mAnatA nathI. uparAMta digambaronA eka upasaMpradAya -

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA tAraNapaMtha mAM paNa mUrtipUjAno pratibaMdha che. sAraNI 1.1mAM vibhinna jaina saMpradAyo, saMpradAyonA saMsthApakonA aMdAje samaya ane bhinnatA darzAvatA keTalAMka bAhya lakSaNo ApavAmAM AvyAM che. badhA ja jaino vibhinna bAbato mATe alaga alaga mahattva ApatA hovA chatAM jainadharmanI mULabhUta mAnyatAo ane covIsa tIrthaMkaromAM saMpUrNa zraddhA dharAve che. 8 - 1.3 sUtrAtmaka abhigama pratyeka AdhyAtmika mArga koIka svarUpanI mAnyatAthI AraMbhAya che. A pustakamAM darzAvAyuM che ke jainonI AvI mAnyatAone cAra vidhAno rUpe abhivyakta karI zakAya ane e vidhAnonA AdhAre samagra mArga samajI zakAya. ApaNe apUrNa kema chIe ? ane apUrNatA dUra karavA mATe ApaNe zuM karavuM joIe ? jevA praznonA samAdhAna A vidhAno ApI zake che. jo ApaNe badhA amara, pUrNa ane pratyeka kAmanAnI prApti sahita niraMtara AnaMdamaya hota to ApaNA mATe koI paNa prakAranA AdhyAtmika mArganI jarUra ja na raheta. vAstavamAM pratyeka jIva potAnA jIvana daramiyAna caDatI-paDatInA, sukha ane duHkhabharyA vividha prakAranA tabakkAomAMthI pasAra thato hoya che. taduparAMta, pratyeka jIva aneka prakAranA jIvonA saMparkamAM Avato hoya che, je judA judA prabhAva heThaLa judI judI pratikriyA darzAvato hoya che. AvA bheda zAthI hoya che ? koI janmathI vikalAMga kema hoya che ? saMsAramAM sArA ane kharAba loko zAthI che ? saMsAramAM koI evuM che ke je 'pUrNa' hoya ? zuM roga, vibhaMjana, vighaTana ane mRtyu anivArya che ? jIvanA vibhinna svarUpo kema che ? jaina STikoNathI A praznonA javAba ApavA nIcenA cAra vidhAnonI racanA karI che : vidhAna 1 : AtmA karma-pudgalothI malina thato rahe che ane te satata parizuddha thavA Icche che.

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jaina ane jainadharma vidhAna 2 : sajIvo kArmika dravyanA judA judA ghanatva ane prakArane kAraNe judA paDe che. vidhAna 3 : kArmika baMdhanane kAraNe AtmA astitvanI gatio(cakro)mAM jAya che. vidhAna 4-a ? kArmika baMdha racAvAnuM kAraNa mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya ane yoga che. vidhAna 4-ba : potAnA pratye ke anyane pratye AcArAtI hiMsA navuM atibhAre kArmika dravya pedA kare che. mokSa tarapha javA mATe anyane racanAtmaka ahiMsaka sahAya karavAthI navuM atyaMta halakuM kArmika dravya pedA kare che. vidhAna 4-ka : saMyama navA kArmika kaNo sAme saMvara race che tema ja jUnA kArmika dravyanA kSayanI, nirjaraNanI kriyA zarU kare che. A cAreya vidhAno vRkSanI zAkhAo tarapha nahi, paraMtu sIdhA mULa tarapha tAke che. jaina AgamonA pariprekSyamAM A vidhAnonA artha ane tenI tarkasaMgatatAnuM vivecana have pachInAM prakaraNomAM karavAmAM AvyuM che. vidhAna 1 thI 3 jainonA kArmaNa kaNo (kAna)nA vaijJAnika siddhAntone darzAve che, jyAre vidhAno 4 a4 ba,4 ka tenA prayojana, upayoga nidarzita kare che.

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AtmA ane kArmika dravyano siddhAnta | (vidhAna 1) vidhAna 1 : AtmA karma-pudgalothI malina thato rahe che ane te satata parizuddha thavA icche che. 2.1 vidhAna ahIM mAtra malina AtmAnI saMkalpanA sUcave che ke vasavATa dharAvatuM A brahmAMDa be viziSTa ghaTakothI banyuM che : 1. ajIva ghaTaka 2. jIvaghaTaka jIva ghaTaka "zuddha AtmA tarIke varNavI zakAya, jyAre ajIva ghaTaka (azuddha ghaTaka) e kArmika dravya che. udAharaNa tarIke sonAnA TukaDAno vicAra karIe. sonAnA ayaskamAM dhAtumaLa ane zuddha sonuM e banne hoya che. ahIM dhAtumaLa e kArmika dravya che ane te sivAyano, bAkI rahelo bhAga zuddha sonuM, 24 kereTa suvarNa e zuddha AtmA che. A kissAmAM kArmika dravya e vAstavamAM bhautika dravya che je AtmAne malina banAve che. teno sAmAnya vaparAzanA zabda "karma' arthAt kriyA sAthe koI saMbaMdha nathI. ekadama saraLa zabdomAM ema kahI zakAya ke zuddha AtmA jIva'nA badhA ja mahattvanA sakArAtmaka guNa, jJAna, darzana Adi dharAve che. jIvaAtmA jayAre kArmika dravyathI dUSita thAya che tyAre temAM nakArAtmaka asaro utpanna thAya che. joke kArmika dravyathI AtmAnuM malina thavuM svAbhAvika ke sahaja nathI, kema ke AtmAnI aMtargata jhaMkhanA to satata AvA dravyathI alaga thavAnI hoya che.

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA vyavahAramAM, A vicAra sUcave che ke AtmAno udeza zuddhIkaraNa prApta karavAno che athavA kArmika dravya upara vijaya prApta ka2vAno che. kArmika dravya badhA du:kha, kaSTa AdinuM kAraNa che. (ahIM ApaNe AtmA zabda zuddha AtmA ane malina AtmA baMne mATe vAparIe chIe. paraMtu saMdarbha anusAra artha spaSTa thaze.) 12 A saMkalpanAone tathA AtmA ane karmanI pArasparika kriyAne samajavA mATe sarvaprathama ApaNe jaina saiddhAntika vijJAnane samajavuM paDaze. jaina prayukta vijJAnane vidhAna 4 sAthe nirUpita karavAmAM AvyuM che. 2.2 mULabhUta saMkalpanAo 2.2.1 AtmA evuM mAnavAmAM Ave che ke prakRtimAM eka evo abhautika padArtha astisva dharAve che je nIcenA cAra mukhya guNo dharAvato hoya che : 1. jJAna 2. darzana 3. sukha 4. vIrya ApaNe A cAra guNone Atma-tattvo kahIzuM. temAMnA pahelA be guNo AtmAnAM jJAnAtmaka kartavyo che ane te 'sajAgatA' darzAve che; sukha eka evI avasthA che jemAM 'karUNA' ane 'sapUrNa svAvalaMbana' samAyeluM hoya che. vIrya e eka amUrta kSamatA che je jJAna ane darzananA guNone abhivyakta karavA mATe AtmAne sAmarthya pradAna kare che. (ahIM e paNa dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM joIe ke jainadharmamAM AtmA mATe prayukta aneka zabdomAM eka zabda che 'jIva' eTale ke jIva ghaTaka.) 2.2.2 kArmaNa kaNo ane kArmika dravya kArmika dravyamAM paramANu (sub-atomic) karma-pudgalo (karmons) hoya che. ahIM ApaNe tene kAryaNa kaNa, kArmona kahIzuM. A kArpaNa kaNo

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AtmA ane kArmika dravyano siddhAnta yAdacchika ane mukta rIte avakAzamAM taratA rahe che. paraMtu te ekabIjA sAthe, paraspara koI kriyA karatA nathI. (saMbhavataH temanuM gurutvIya baLa atyaMta alpa hoya che.) vizvanA tamAma aNuomAM kArpaNa kaNo e rIte anerA hoya che, ke te mAtra AtmA dvArA ja avazoSita thAya che ane te svayaM paraspara joDAtA nathI. teno artha e che kArmika dravya karma-pudgalo, kArmaNa kaNo tarIke kevaLa AtmA sAthenA joDANathI astitva dharAve che. Ama kArmika dravya navA kArmaNa kaNonA avazoSaNathI vadhe che ane keTalAka kArpaNa kaNo avakAzamAM mukta thatA kArmika dravya ghaTe che. 2.2.3 pArasparika kriyA 13 zuddhatama avasthAmAM AtmAne ananta jJAna, darzana, sukha ane vIrya hoya che. AtmA e jAgrata, prabhAvaka UrjA che, paraMtu sAmAnyataH vidhAna 1 mAM darzAvyA mujaba mUrtasvarUpa dharAvato AtmA kArmika dravyathI malina thAya che. AtmA ane kArmika dravya e atyaMta virodhI be ghaTakonI pArasparika kriyAne kAraNe bhayaMkara vikAra thaI zake che. khAsa karIne, jyAre kArmika dravya, 1. AtmAnA jJAna ghaTakane AvRtta kare che. 2. AtmAnA darzana ghaTakane AvRtta kare che. 3. AtmAnA sukha ghaTakane dUSita kare che. 4. AtmAnA vIrya ghaTakane avarodhe che. Ama, kArmika dravyane kAraNe AtmAnA zuddha guNono pUrNa lAbha maLI zakato nathI. ahIM e khyAla rAkhavuM joIe ke mAtra sukha ja AtmAno evo ghaTaka che ke jenuM anya kazAkamAM parivartana thAya che. A parivartana unmAdathI vyaktimAM thatA parivartana jevuM hoya che. A prakAre dUSita thavAthI vIrya ghaTaka paNa vikRta thAya che. jo ke kArmika dravya kevaLa AtmAmAM ja TakI zake che, paraMtu AtmA to svAvalaMbI che ane temAM mUrta svarUpa sahita kArmika dravyathI mukta thavAnI eka aMtarnihita vRtti, valaNa hoya che. AtmAnI A aMtarnihita vRttine havethI mukti jhaMkhato utpreraka (freedom longing catalyst) kahIzuM.

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14 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA kArmika baLarekhAo kArmika dravya AtmA citra 2.1 : kArmika dravya(trAMsI rekhAo) ane karmabaLa rekhAo (samAntara rekhAo)nI sAthe AtmA(corasa), arthAt karmabaMdhanuM nidarzana kAmana citra 2.2 : eka AgaMtuka kArmaNa kaNa (bhUkharuM mIMDuM) ane kArmika Asrava (vakra rekhAo) Ang mga mangummen citra 2.3 : citra 2.2nA eka AgaMtuka kArmaNa kaNanI sAthe karmabaMdha (vAMkIcUMkI sImA).

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AtmA ane kArmika dravyano siddhAnta 15 citra 2.4 : karmabaMdha pachI punargaThita kArmika dravya (vadhAre ane jADI trAMsI rekhAo tathA vadhAre bAhya rekhAo) 2.3 mahattvanA zabdo 2.3.1 kArmika prakriyA have ApaNe keTalAka mahattvanA paribhASika zabdonuM vivaraNa karIe. AtmA ane kArmika dravya vaccenA baMdhane kArmika baMdha ke karmabaMdha (karmic bondage) kahevAmAM Ave che. ahIM e nodhavuM ke kArmika dravya AtmA sAthe hoya che, saMgatimAM hoya che, paraMtu teno AtmA sAthe sIdho saMparka nathI hoto. Ama chatAM kArmika dravya ane AtmA sAthe vikRta vIryanI saMgatithI Agnava pedA thAya che. A kAraNe badhI ja dizAomAMthI kArmaNa kaNo AtmA tarapha pravAhita thavA lAge che. uparAMta Asrava ane AtmAnI avarodhAyelA vIryanI saMgati AgaMtuka kAmaNa kaNo sAthe saMmizrita thAya che. A vadhatA vistArane ApaNe kArmika kSetra kahIzuM. tene pariNAme AtmA sAthe saMmizrita samagra kArmika dravya pheravAI jAya che. A gatizIla kArmika prakriyA satata cAlu ja rahe che. A prakriyA citra 2.1 thI 2.4mAM darzAvavAmAM AvI che. kArmika dravya sAthe saMgata AtmAne eka laMbacorasa AkRti rUpe darzAvyo che, ane kArmika dravyane tenA paranI trAMsI rekhAo dvArA ane Asravane laMbacorasanI bahAra samAMtara rekhAothI darzAvyo che (juo citra ra.1). vAstavamAM citra 2.1 kArmika baMdha nirUpita kare che ane A nirUpaNa AkhA pustakamAM vaparAze. citra

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA 2.2mAM kArmika kSetra dvArA AkarSAyela kArpaNa kaNo (bhUkharAM vartuLo dvArA) darzAvela che. A AkarSaNa vAMkI rekhAo dvArA sUcavAyuM che. kArmika baMdhanI prakriyAne AtmAnI vAMkIcUMkI bAhya sImAnA rUpamAM batAvI che (citra 2.3). kArmika dravyamAM vRddhinA phaLasvarUpa pedA thatuM vadhu prabhAvazALI kArmika baLa-kSetra jADI trAMsI rekhAothI darzAvyuM che (citra 2.4). AtmAnI vibhinna avasthAo ane je te avasthAomAM bhautika baLonA bheda karavA e bahu mahatvanuM che. Ama vAstavika bhautika avasthA je AtmA upara kArmaNa kaNonuM AkramaNa thavA de che, te kArmika baMdha che, jyAre kAmaNa kaNonuM kArmika dravya sAthe aikya e kArmika saMmizraNa che. ahIM ApaNe kArmika saMmizraNa varNavyuM che, tenI jema ja nirjarA paNa hoya che, jyAre kAmaNa kaNo kharI paDe che athavA utsarjita thAya che tyAre nirjarA thAya che. Ama jo kArmika dravya na hoya to kArmaNa kaNono koI prabhAva hoto nathI. 2.3.2 kArmika ghanatva kudaratamAM kAmaNa kaNone svarUpathI alaga pADI zakAtA nathI, paraMtu AtmAnA avarodhita vIrya sAthe saMkaLAvAne kAraNe kArmaNa kaNomAM viziSTa kriyAzIlatA utpanna thAya che, jene pariNAme te alaga pADI zakAya che. evuM mAnavAmAM Ave che ke kAmaNa kaNonI, bhAre athavA halakA kArmika dravyothI purnaracanA thAya che. arthAta bhAre kArmika dravya eTale jemAM karmabaMdha sakhata ke prabaLa hoya che. jayAre halakuM kArmika dravya eTale karmabaMdha maMda ke zithila hoya che. AthI halakA kArmika dravyane AtmAthI dUra karavAnuM saheluM hoya che. Ama, kAmika dravyamAM, satata pheraphAra thato rahe che ane pariNAme tenI kriyAzIlatA satata badalAtI rahe che. A prakriyA citra 2.5 mAM darzAvI che. temAM halakA kArmika dravyanA ghaTako polA mIMDAthI ane bhAre kArmika dravyanA ghaTako trAMsI rekhAone badale ghATAM mIMDAMthI darzAvyA che. A vaikalpika nirUpaNa kArmika dravyanA ghaTakone alaga rIte, dhyAna para lAve che.

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AtmA ane kArmika dravyano siddhAnta citra 2.5 : AtmA ane navA umerAtA kArmika kaNo vaccenI pArasparika prakriyA. (O) = haLavA kArmika ghaTako ane (-) = bhAre kArmika ghaTako. () = kArmika kaNo upara darzAvyA mujaba halakA ane bhAre kArmika dravyathI kArmika ghanatvamAM thato bheda nIcenI cAra bAbato para AdhAra rAkhe cheH 1. kamabaMdhamAM kAmaNa kaNonI saMkhyA 2. kArmika dravya/kArmika ghaTakonA vividha prakAra 3. kArmika vighaTananI prachanna UrjA ane 4. karmabaMdhamAM saMmizrita kArmaNonA vighaTanano samaya kArmika ghaTako AtmAnAM mULabhUta cAra lakSaNothI virodhI che ane tethI te sukha ghaTakane dUSita kare che, jJAna/darzana ghaTakane AvRtta kare che athavA vIrya ghaTakane avarodhe che. A vizenuM vadhu vivaraNa prakaraNa 3 mAM karyuM che. upara jaNAvela 1 thI 4 bAbato kArmika kaNonAM utsarjanano krama paNa rajU kare che.

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18 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA 2.3.3 dIrghakAlIna saumya sthiti AtmAnI TUMkA gALAnI eTale ke laghukAlIna sthitinuM varNana AgaLa upara karyuM che. have AtmAnI lAMbA gALAnI arthAt dIrghakAlIna sthiti vize vicArIe. jyAre AtmA parathI badhA kArmaNo kharI paDe eTale ke, utsarjita thaI jAya tyAre chevaTe zuddha AtmA zeSa rahe. agAu muddA 2.2.2 mAM varNavelA, zuddha AtmAnA cAra guNone anaMta kakSAo hoya che. A sthiti prApta karavAnA be tabakkA che. pahelA tabakkAmAM kArmika baLakavaca racIne navA kAryaNanA aMrtapravAhane sadaMtara baMdha karavo. te pachInA tabakkAmAM saMcita kArmika dravyanuM saMpUrNapaNe utsarjana eTale ke saMpUrNa kArmika kSaya/vighaTana. jyAre tamAma kAryaNo kharI paDe tyAre AtmAne kArmika kSetra rahetuM nathI. AthI te potAnI pUrNa kSamatA meLave che, A sthiti te muktinI avasthA che. Ama, muktinI avasthA sivAya kArmika saMmizraNa ane vighaTana satata cAlatI kriyA che. (vyavahAramAM A kevI rIte hAMsala karI zakAya te prakaraNa 5 thI 7 mAM joIzuM.) citra 2.6 A kAryavAhI darzAve che, temAM saMketo AkRti 2.5 jevA ja che. citra 2.6 a mAM kArmika dravya dharAvato AtmA che ane citra 2.6 ba kArmika baLa para kAryaNanA aMrtapravAhanI asara darzAve che. citra 2.6 ka kArmika aMrtapravAhane aTakAvatuM kArmika baLakavaca darzAve che ane citra 2.6 Da mAM kArmika baLakavaca chellA kAryaNanA utsarjanathI thatuM kArmika vighaTana darzAve che. citra 2.6 I kiraNonA prasArathI mukta AtmAnA apAra vIryanuM vikiraNa darzAvyuM che. kAryaNonI saMkalpanA bahu gahana che. vividha saMjogomAM maLatA manovaijJAnika pratibhAvonI saMkalpanA sAthe tene sarakhAvI zakAya. jo ke A pratibhAvo anya sajIvonA mAnasika guNadharmo ke temanI AMtarika gatividhi samajAvI zakatA nathI. 2.3.4 nava tattvo ApaNe acetanAnI saMkalpanAnI carcA karI, temAM : 1. kArmika dravya 2. kArmika baMdhana/saMmizraNa (baMdha)

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AtmA ane kArmika dravyano siddhAnta 19 baLakavaca (ba) baLakavaca. citra 2.6 : keTalAMka tattvonI paribhASA : (e) kArmika baMdha, (ba) kArmika Asrava, (ka) kArmika baLakavaca, (Da) kavacanA kAraNe kamanI nirjarA, (I) mukta AtmA. 3. kArmika baLa (Asrava) 4. kArmika baLakavaca (saMvara) 5. kArmika kSaya/vighaTana (nirjarA) 6. mukti (mokSa)

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2 O jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA 7. AtmA (jIva) 8. bhAre kArmika dravya (pApa) 9. halakuM kArmika dravya (puNya) jainavijJAnanA nava mULabhUta, pAyAnAM tattvo upara darzAvyA che. A tattvono mAnya krama nIce pramANe che : 1. jIva 2. kArmika dravya 3. Agnava 4. baMdha 5. saMvara nirjarA 7. mokSa 8. pApa 9. puNya A tattvo anAdikALathI astitvamAM che ane te kudaratI niyamono Avazyaka bhAga che. te brahmAMDanI utkrAMti samajAve che. mahApurANamAM darzAvyuM che : "jANo ke vizvanI racanA nathI thaI, samayanI jema ja; jeno AraMbha ane aMta nathI, A siddhAMto AdhAre, jIvana ane bAkInuM." ahIM "siddhAMtono artha che nava tattvo - "jIvana' eTale AtmA ane bAkInuM anya ATha tattvo mATe che. eTale ke brahmAMDano koI kartA nathI. jainavijJAnane tattvomAM vizvAsa che. pariNAme keTalIka vAra tene pAra-nAstika (trans-atheistic) dharma kahe che, izvaravAdI dharma nahi. vyaktigata IzvaranI viruddhamAM apAtAM kAraNomAMnuM eka che - jo sRSTinA sarjaka hoya to eno artha e thAya ke straSTAne eka icchA hatI ke nIcalI kakSAnA jIvonuM temanI AdhyAtmika utkAMti mATe sarjana karavuM, vadhumAM, uccatama jIva mAtra pUrNa vizva race, asamAna/asaMtulita nahi, Ama uccatara jIva e sarjanahAra na hoya.

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AtmA ane kArmika dravyano siddhAnta 2.4 mahattvanI samAnatAo (sAdazyatAo) upara ApaNe vividha padonI vyAkhyA mAtra bhautikazAstranI saMkalpanAonA AdhAre ApI che. paNa temAM koI samAnatA (sAdazyatA) nathI darzAvI. tenAthI sAhitya aspaSTa rahe che. jo ke kArmaNo, AtmA vagere to temanAM lakSaNothI ja jANI zakAya che. te badhA temanI asaro dvArA ja jaNAtAM hovAthI, temanAM vividha lakSaNono khyAla Ave eTalA pUratuM ja ApaNe keTalIka samAnatAo ApIzuM. dA.ta. prakAza e kaNanA ane taraMganA ema baMne guNadharmo darzAve che eno AdhAra ApaNe tene kaI rIte laIe chIe tenA para che. paraMtu, tema chatAM paNa prakAza to prakAza ja rahe che. mAtra padArthanA guNadharmothI ja je-te padArtha nakkI na thaI zake. A ja vAta karmo ane AtmAne paNa lAgu paDe che. cuMbaka = AtmA zuddha AtmA mukta AtmA dUSita AtmA lohakaNo=kArmika dravya kArmika dravya 21 citra 2.7 : AtmA eka cuMbaka che ane karma-pudgala lohakaNa che.

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2 2 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA 2.4.1 cuMbakatva ApaNe dUSita AtmAne cuMbaka tarIke vicArIe. cuMbaka lokhaMDanA bhUkAne AkarSe che. lokhaMDanA bhUkAne kAmaNa kaNo tarIke vicArI zakAya. cuMbakIya baLarekhAone kArmika baLarekhA samatulya gaNIe. lokhaMDanA bhUkAnuM cuMbaka sAthenuM joDANa eTale ke kArmika saMmizraNa, tenAthI te AtmA para majabUtAIthI joDAya che. baLakSetra-kavaca navA bhUkAne AkarSAto aTakAve te eka jAtanuM AtaMraNa thayuM. jUnA kaNonuM kharI paDavuM eTale cuMbakatvavihInatA. jyAre koI AkarSaNa na rahe ane badhA ja kaNo kharI paDe tyAre AtmA kArmika dravyanA cuMbakIya guNathI mukta thAya ane zeSa rahe te mukti pAmelo AtmA. A bAbata citra 2.7 mAM darzAvI che. e khAsa yAda rAkhavuM ke A mAtra upamA che kAraNa ke kAmika dravya potAnA kaNo(kAmaNo)ne AkarSe che jyAre lokhaMDanA kaNo paraspara AkarSAtA nathI. 2.4.2 prakIrNa samAnatA bIjI samAnatA che peTrola sAthe. e kAcA, kudaratI telanuM parikta svarUpa che. Ama, kudaratamAM UrjA azuddhiothI avarodhAyelI hoya che. zuddhIkaraNa thavAthI peTrolane pUrNa jvalanazIlatA upalabdha thAya che. dekhItuM che ke pariSkRta svarUpa eTale zuddha AtmA ane azuddhio eTale kArmika dravya gaNI zakAya. azuddha AtmAnI tulanA telavALA kapaDA sAthe karavAmAM Ave che. AvuM kapaDuM dhULanA kaNone, kArmika kaNone, AkarSe che. telanuM kapaDA para coMTavuM e kArmika dravyanA AtmA para coMTavA jevuM che. kapaDA para tela coMTeluM hoya chatAM kapaDAnA guNadharmo badalAtA nathI; tenuM mApa badalAtuM nathI; tene vividha AkAramAM vALI zakAya che. evI ja rIte AtmA jete dehanA kada sAthe anukUlana sAdhI le che. tenA para kArmika dravya coMTeluM hoya chatAM tenI mULa prakRti badalAtI nathI. aMte eka rasaprada tulanA vAIrasane kAraNe zarIrane lAMbI ke TUMkI bimArI lAgu paDe che; evI ja rIte kArmika dravyanI AtmA para asara thAya che.

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2 3 AtmA ane kArmika dravyano siddhAnta noMdha 1. pI.esa.jainI, pR. 114. "jaino AtmAnA "asaMkhya guNo'nI vAta kare che. Ama chatAM yathArtha rIte kahI zakAya ke ApaNe TUMkamAM varNavyA te guNo - darzana, jJAna, sukha ane vIrya - AtmAne eka pUrNa, viziSTa ane anokhA, anya sarvethI nirALA astitva tarIke vyakhyAyita karavA paryApta che." 2. pI.esa.jainI. pR.113. "e spaSTa karavuM joIe ke jainono dRSTikoNa - karma sAthe AtmAnI sAthe saMlagnatA e mAtra saMzleSa (ekakSetrAvagAha) che evuM kahevAya che e benI vacce koI vAstavika saMparka hoto nathI. 3. pI.esa.jainI. pR. 112. "evuM kahevAya che ke kArmika dravya vyApta jagAnA dareka bhAgamAM svataMtra rIte taratA hoya che. e tabakke judA judA karmone AdhAre prakRtithI, kriyAthI, e alaga pADI zakAtA nathI. koI eka AtmA sAthenI pArasparika kriyA zarU thayA pachI sAdA svarUpamAMthI ghaDAya che."

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jIvananI zreNIbaddhatA (vidhAna 2) vidhAna 2H "sajIvo kArmika dravyanA judA judA ghanatva ane prakArane kAraNe judA paDe che." 3.1 vidhAna kArmika dravya sajIva jAtione vibhAjita kevI rIte ekabIjAthI judA pADe che ? jo ApaNe vidhAna 2 svIkArIe, to kArmika dravyanA ghanatvano taphAvata - sajIva jAtionI vibhinnatA - mATenA mahattvanAM kAraNomAMnuM eka che. AtmAnA mULabhUta guNo jeTalA zuddha hoya eTaluM enA jIvananuM svarUpa UMcuM hoya. ApaNe kArmika dravyanA prakAro(bhAre, halakA)nuM saMpUrNa nirUpaNa have pachInA prakaraNamAM karIzuM. 3.2 jIvana-ekamo ane jIvana-dharI AtmAnI zuddhatAnI mAtrA sApekSa rIte nakkI thaI zake. saraLatA mATe sAmAnya mAnavamAM jenAthI 100 jIvana-ekamo tarapha dorI jAya tene ApaNe Atma-zuddhatAno eka ekama kahIzuM. ApaNI saraLa samaja mATe A 100 nA AMkane buddhi-AMka sAthe sarakhAvI zakIe. Ama, eka cheDA para zuddha AtmAne anaMta jIvana-ekamo hoya jyAre nirjIva padArthane zUnya jIvana-ekama hoya. A rIte sajIvanA AtmAnI zuddhatA ApaNe zUnyathI anaMta sudhInI rekhA para darzAvI zakIe; A rekhAne ApaNe jIvana-dharI (jIvana-akSa) kahIzuM. e noMdhavuM joIe ke Atma-zuddhatA zUnyathI anaMta sudhI badalAtI rahe che; tenA samacalanamAM kArmika ghanatva zUnyathI anaMta sudhI badalAze paNa te vyasta pramANamAM haze.

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26 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA AtmAnI zuddhatAne be mukhya ghaTakothI vicArI zakAya: 1. vIrya / sukha ghaTaka sAthe saMkaLAyelI indriyonI saMkhyAne ane 2. prakaraNa 2 mAM nirUpelA jJAna / darzana ghaTaka sAthe saMkaLAyelI buddhinI kakSA sAthe. A bAbatone lakSamAM rAkhIne ApaNe jIvana-dharIne have bIjA vibhAgomAM vibhAjita karIzuM. A vibhAgo jainavijJAnamAM guNAtmaka rIte to haMmezAM hatA ja, ApaNe have temane mAtrAmAM vyakta karI zakIzuM. 3.3 indriyonI saMkhyA/buddhine AdhAre jIvana-dharInuM vibhAjana sUkSma jIvo jIvananA nimnatama svarUpa che, temane eka ja, sparzanI Indriya hoya che. A badhA ati sUkSma hoya che ane moTA deha AdhyAtmika rIte uccatara (juo citra 3.2) manuSyo { 102 sAmAnya mANasa gunegAro prANIo paMcendriya caurindriya teIndriya beindriya mULa 10-2 103 - ekendriya vanaspati khanIja pANI/havA/agni sUkSmAtisUkSmajIvo sUkSmajIvo ajIvo 5x104f 104 * citra 3.1 : vividha jIvonA AtmAnI zuddhatAnI mAtrA darzAvatI jIvana-dharI (A citra raikhika mApanA AdhAre banAvavAmAM AvyuM nathI.)

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jIvananI zreNIbaddhatA (sajIva ke nirjIva)nA eka bhAga tarIke ja astitva dharAvI zake che. AthI temanA jIvana-ekamo bahu ochA, kaho ke 104 jIvana-ekamo hoya che. jIvanano te pachIno tabakko, anya ekendriya sUkSma jIvono che. te padArthanA zakya teTalA sUkSma ekamamAM vasavATa kare che ane A jIvone pRthvIkAya, jalakAya, vAyukAya ane agnikAya' kahe che. ApaNe pRthvI, jala, vAyu ke agni kAya jIvone citra 3.1 pramANe 5 x 104 jIvana-ekamo dvArA darzAvIzuM. te pachI vanaspati Ave je AgaLanA karatAM UMcI gaNAya. temane potAno alaga sthULa deha hoya che; ApaNe temanI mAtrA 10 jIvanaekamo gaNIzuM. ahIM e noMdhavuM rasaprada thaze ke vanaspatimAM jIvana-ekamonI vividha mAtrAonA taphAvata pArakhI zakAya che. A bAbata citra 3.1mAM darzAvI che. udAharaNa tarIke kAMdAmAM sapharajana karatAM jIvana-ekamo vadhu, bhAre hoya che, kAraNa ke sapharajananA eka bIjathI hajAro sapharajana maLe che. AthI jIvananA peTAvibhAga thAya che. jyAre kAMdAnA mULa mAtra eka ja kAMdo Ape che. AthI ApaNe eka kAMdAnA 103 jIvana-ekama nahi paNa 102 27 jIvana-ekama gaNIzuM. vRkSo mATe paNa A nirUpaNa lAgu paDe. uparAMta, vanaspati ke mRta prANInuM mAMsa jemAM asaMkhya sUkSma jIvono upadrava hoya temAM paNa vadhu jIvana-ekamo hoya che. jyAre thoDuM kArmika dravya dUra thAya tyAre jIvananuM uttarottara UMcuM svarUpa udbhave che, jemAM be indriyo, eka deha ane eka mukha / jIbha hoya che. sparza ane svAdanI be indriyo udbhave che; udAharaNa tarIke zaMkhalA, chIpalAM vagere. tenA pachInA uttarottara UMcA jIvomAM traNa indriyo hoya che; tene eka nAka paNa hoya che; eTale ke tene vadhArAmAM ghrANendriya hoya che; udAharaNa tarIke AMkha vagaranAM kITako, jIvaDAM. A badhA 3 jIvana-ekama dharAve che. kArmika dravyanA vizeSa ghaTADAthI cAra indriyovALA jIvo udbhave che. AvA jIvomAM AMkho eTale ke dRSTinI indriya vikase che; udAharaNa tarIke bhamarA, mAkhI vagere. A badhAne 4 jIvana-ekamo niyata thAya che. Akhare, kAna ke zravaNanI indriyavALA jIva Ave; udAharaNa tarIke ghoDA, UMTa vagere. A badhA pAMca indriyo - sparza, svAda, gaMdha, dRSTi ane zravaNa eTale ke temane kAyA, mukha, nAka, AMkha ane kAna hoya che. A badhA dharAve che, - -

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28 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA siddha 00 ahaMta 1000 AcArya 1010 upAdhyAya 105 sAdhuo 103 ; sarerAza 10 102 citra 3.2 : jIvana-dharI para AdhyAtmika rIte uccatara evA pAMca jIva (A citra rakhika mApanA AdhAre banAvavAmAM AvyuM nathI.)

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jIvananI zreNIbaddhatA 29 paMcendriya jIvo kahevAya che. paMcendriya jIvomAM prathama kakSAe evA prANIjIva Ave jemane samayanuM bhAna na hoya, eTale ke bhUtakALa zuM, vartamAna zuM ke bhaviSyakALa zuM enuM bhAna na hoya. AvA jIvane jIvana-dharI para 5 jIvana-ekama apAya che. prANI-jIva pachI mAnavadeha Ave, jene samayanuM bhAna hoya che athavA tenAmAM pAMca indriyo uparAMta samaya sAthe vadhu pramANamAM sumeLa hoya che. A varga ghaNo vistRta che. dA.ta. jIvanadharI para gunegArane paropakArI karatAM ochA AMka maLaze. sAmAnya mAnava mATe laghutama AMka 100 jIvana-ekamanI sahamatI che, gunegArane mAtra 10 jIvana-ekama ApI zakAya. A rIte citra 3.1 mAM jIvana-dharI para jIvana-ekamonuM varNana darzAvyuM che. A AMkane vyaktionI AdhyAtmika unnatinI saMkalpanA sAthe caDatA kramamAM joDI zakAya. A bAbata citra 3.2 mAM darzAvI che. pahelA sopAnamAM munio, sAdhuo che, je ekacitte AdhyAtmika patha para cAle che. bIjA sopAnamAM AdhyAtmaki guruo, upAdhyAyo che, jemaNe satyanI anubhUti karI che. trIjA sopAnamAM AdhyAtmika AcAryo che, jeo upadeza Ape che teno pote amala kare che. cothA sopAnamAM jemaNe AMtarika duzmano para vijaya meLavyo che tevA aheto hoya che. A cAra sopAnonA saMjJAtmaka jIvana-ekamo anukrame 101, 10, 101, 1010 che. chevaTanA sopAnamAM, zuddha AtmA (mukta AtmA) che, je vizuddha, paripUrNa UrjAnuM svarUpa che. siddha AtmAno AMka anaMta hoya che, kAraNa ke temAM koI azuddhi hotI nathI (kAyA paNa nahi). (moTA bhAganA jaino A kathanone kadAca zabdazaH yathAtatha svIkarAze nahi, jo ke zarUAtanA keTalAka anuyAyIo mAnatA ke anya dharmonA guruo uccatara kakSAe pahoMcI zakatA hatA.) 3.4 jIvanI cAra gatio dareka sajIvamAM potAnI mAnasika sthiti anusAra saMvedanazIlatAnI mAtrA badalAtI rahe che. mAnasika sthitithI je mukhya cAra gati thAya che tenuM have nirUpaNa joIe. sauthI vadhu yAtanAmaya cheDo che nArakIya gati. sukhanI carama sthiti e svargIya gati che. A bhautika, bhogavAdI AnaMda che, te

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30 manuSya avasthA nArakIya gati jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA svargIya gati pazugati citra.3.3 : jIvonI mAnasika sthitinI cAra gati AnaMdanI parama AnaMdanI sthiti samAna nathI. je gatimAM jIvane AvatI kAle zuM thavAnuM che athavA gaI kAle zuM hatuM tenuM bhAna nathI hotuM te pazugati che. AnaMda ane pIDAnI vaccenI samatAnI sthiti e sAmAnya manuSya gati che. dareka jIva mAnasika sthitinI uparyukta cAreya gati prApta karI zake che. A cAra gatio che : nArakIya gati, svargIya gati, manuSya gati ane pazugati. A cAreya gati sAMketika rIte, svastikanA AkArathI citra 3.3 mAM darzAvI che. temAM kendrabiMdu e mana che. (nAjhIoe A saMketanuM UlaTuM citra vAparIne durupayoga karyo che.) A gatio para kArmika

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jIvananI zreNIbaddhatA 25 ghanatvano prabhAva paDe che. jIvane jIvana-dharI para goThavatI vakhate A bAbatanI noMdha levI joIe. A gationuM zabdazaH arthaghaTana astitvanI, jIvanI cAra avasthAo sAthe maLatuM hoya che : nArakI, deva, tiryaMca (pazu / vanaspati) ane manuSya. judA judA bhavanA bhramaNano akSa svastikanA kendrabiMdumAMthI pasAra thAya che. ApaNo abhigama kuMdakuMdAcAryane anusare che. te mujaba "jIva potAnI bhAvAtmaka kriyAothI potAne mATe A cAra rUpo sarja che" (juo pariziSTa 3,ba, 3.1). noMdha 1. pI.esa.jainI, pR. 109, "A sopAnaparaMparAnA cheka taLiyenA nimnatama jIvasvarUpane "nigoda" kahevAmAM Ave che. A jIvo sUkSmAtisUkSma hoya che ane te eka, sparzanI, Indriya dharAve che e eTalA sUkSma hoya che ke te Agavo deha dharAvatA nathI tethI judA pADI zakAtA nathI.... nigodathI tarata ja upara ekendriya jIvonuM eka bIjuM jUtha hoya che. te je padArthanuM sUkSmadarzI kAyA dharAve che te parathI te anukrame pRthvIkAya, jalakAya, tejakAya ane vAyukAya kahevAya che."

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janma ane maraNanAM cakra (vidhAna 3) vidhAna 3H kArmika baMdhanane kAraNe AtmA astitvanI gatio(cakro)mAM jAya che. 4.1 vidhAna vidhAna 2 mAM ApaNe jIvanA bhavobhavanA pherAne badale mAtra eka bhavanI dazAo para ja dhyAna kendrita karyuM hatuM. prazna e thAya che ke kharekhara zuM janma ane maraNanuM cakra hoya che? uparyukta vidhAna 3 evI dhAraNA kare che, svIkAre che ke AvuM cakra hoya che. mRtyu thAya tyAre AtmA bhautika zarIramAMthI mukta thAya che ane potAnA ja dhakkAthI khasavA mATe taiyAra hoya che. vidhAna 2 thI ekadama spaSTa che ke jIvana-dharI paranA e pachInA sthAna mATe kArmika dravyanuM pramANa javAbadAra hoya che. Ama chatAM nIcenA be prazno thAya che: (1) eka bhavamAMthI bIjA bhavamAM arthapUrNa rIte zenuM parivahana thAya che? (2) vijJAnanuM kayuM svarUpa, paddhati A prakAranuM parivahana thavA deze? 4.2 kArmika ghaTako uparanA praznonA javAba mATe ApaNe evuM mAnIe ke dUSita AtmAnI kriyAo parathI kArmika dravya ATha viziSTa vibhAgomAM vaheMcAI jAya che. A vibhAgone ApaNe karma kahIzuM. A kama e kArmika dravyamAMthI udbhavatAM nakArAtmaka baLo che ane te AtmAno vIrya guNa bhraSTa kare che. yAda karo AtmAnA mULa guNo -

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA AnaMda, vIrya, jJAna ane darzana - ane AtmAnI aMtarnihita muktinI icchAno utpreraka citra 4.1 koI eka samaye AtmAnI sthitinI rUparekhA darzAve che. hakArAtmaka bAjue anaMta sukha, vIrya, jJAna ane darzana hoya che. A guNomAM aMtanirNita mukti icchato utpreraka hoya che. je sukhanA guNane dUSita kare che. A karmane mohanIya karma kahIzuM ane te ApaNe "a - karma'' tarIke darzAvIzuM. A '"a - karma'' darzana-mohanIya karma (a,) ane cAritra-mohanIya karma (a.) hoya che. e yAda karo ke malina karanAruM A karma AtmAnI samagra saMracanA badalI nAkhe che; eTale ke A prakriyAthI AtmAnA guNomAM mULabhUta parivartana thAya che. udAharaNa tarIke, nazAne kAraNe vyaktinI lAkSaNikatAomAM pheraphAra thAya che, parivartana thAya che. A ja rIte bIjuM nakArAtmaka karma vIryanAM kAryone avarodhe che. ene ApaNe vIrya-aMtarAya karma (b) kahIzuM ane tene b-karma tarIke darzAvIzuM. tenAthI AtmAne sImita kSamatAthI kArya karavuM paDe che eTaluM ja nahi paNa te hAjara kArmika dravya sAthe saMmizrita thAya che tema ja kArmika kSayanI kriyAmAM bhAgIdAra bane che. A ja rIte trIjA ane cothA karmo che- jJAnAvaraNIya karma (c) ane darzanAvaraNIya karma (d). temane ApaNe anukrame c-karma ane d-karma tarIke darzAvIzuM. ahIM e yAda rAkhavuM ke chellAM be karmo AtmAnA be guNone ja avarodhe che ane AtmAne dUSita karatA nathI. 34 pratyeka ghaDIe A cAreya karmo kAryarata hoya che ane koI eka jIvanacakramAM temanuM nirUpaNa kSayadharmI (kSINa karatAM) karmo tarIke thAya che. ApaNe temane ''ghAtIya karmo'' kahIzuM. bIjAM cAra karmo aghAtIya karmo che. A karmo pachInA bhavane zarIrano saMdarbha Ape che ane aparokSa rIte te muktinI jhaMkhanAnA utpreraka para humalo kare che. A karmonA nAma che : vedanIya karma (e), nAma karma (f), Ayu karma (g) ane gotra karma (h). ApaNe A karmone anukrame e-karma, f-karma, g-karma ane h-karma kahIzuM. A cAreya karmo pachInA jIvanacakranI zarUAtanA samayane bAda karatAM pratyeka ghaDIe thatAM saMmizraNa ane kSayanI prakriyA sAme bahu dhImethI pratikriyA kare che. sAraNI 4.1 A karmone TUMkamAM darzAve che.

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25 janma ane maraNanAM cakra - sAraNI 4.1. ATha karmo ghAtIya karmo aghAtIya karmo (A bhavamAM kSayadharmI) (A bhavamAM a-kSayadharmI) | (a) mohanIya (a) darzana-mohanIya (e) sAtA-vedanIya (a) cAritra-mohanIya (e,) asAtA-vedanIya (b) vIrya-aMtarAya (f) nAma (c) jJAnAvaraNIya (g) Ayu (d) darzanAvaraNIya (1) gotra (e) vedanIya muktinI jhaMkhanA AnaMda vIrya jJAna darzana - dUSita AMtare, avarodhe - dhUMdhaLuM, durbodha kare +dhUdhaLuM, durbodha kare / | | | | navo bhava AtmA. citra 4.1 : koI eka ghaDIe AtmAnI tenA guNo ane kArmika dravyanI asara sahitanI avasthA. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000000000 - _\ | cre TITL TTTTTT e + f + g + h * d = / \ \ (c) 2, 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 0 citra 4.2 : dUSita AtmA para ATha karmo tenI kramikatA sahita - AMtiraka karatAM bAhya rIte vadhu sakriya.

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA jo ke ATheya karmo svataMtra rIte kAnvita hoya che chatAM a-karma mukhya bhUmikA bhajave che, kAraNa ke te AtmAne dUSita kare che ane anya karmone kAryarata rahevA de che. vAstavamAM, A pradUSaNathI b-karmane asara thAya che. citra 4.1 mAM pArasparika kriyAnuM nihita pAsuM darzAvyuM che. citra 4.2 mAM AtmA para A karmonI zreNIbaddha asara darzAvI che. bahAranA laMbacorasamAMnAM karmo dareka paLe, aMda2nA laMbacorasamAMnAM karmo karatAM vadhu sakriya hoya che. udAharaNa tarIke, a,-karma ane a,-karma, b-karma karatAM vadhu sakriya che, ane e pramANe AgaLa. jyAre karma-e, f, g, h maMda hoya che. (ApaNe A kArmika UrjA-staranI sarakhAmaNI paramANunA bahAranA ane aMdaranA kavacamAMnA ilekTronanA UrjA- stara sAthe karI zakIe.) 4.3 zenuM parivahana thAya che ? 36 upa2 varNavyA pramANe, cAra aghAtIya karmo, eTale ke AvatA janmanAM vividha pAsAM mATe javAbadAra hoya che. khAsa karIne nAma karma, dekhItA bhautika zarIranI aMtarhita be ''sUkSma zarIro'' astitvamAM lAve che : (1) tejasa zarIra, je jIvanAM mahattvanAM kAryo (tApamAna, vagere) jALave che; ane (2) kArmika/kAryaNa zarIra, je te samaye AtmA upara hAjara tamAma kArmika dravyanuM bane che. A prakAranAM zarIronuM astitva punarjanmanI parikalpanA mATe mahattvanuM che kAraNa ke tenAthI eka mAdhyama racAya che jenA dvArA AtmA, potAnI kSamatAthI ekamAMthI bIjA bhavamAM jAya che.1 AtmA kArmika zarIra tejasa zarIra citra 4.3 : eka AtmAnuM saMkramaNa tenA kArmika zarIra tathA tejasa zarIra sAthe

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janma ane maraNanAM cakra 37 mRtyu veLAe, nAma karma (f-karma) AvanAra bhava mATe khAsa saMjogonuM pUrvaAyojana kare che. A mAhitInuM kArmika zarIramAM vahana thAya che. mRtyuthI AtmA bhautika zarIramAMthI mukta thAya che ane kahevAya che ke te lagabhaga tarata ja, kSaNamAtramAM, kArmika dravya dvArA pUrva-nirdhArita gaMtavyasthAna(maMjhila)nI dizAmAM saphara zarU kare che. kArmika zarIra ane AtmA sahita parivahana pAmatuM A dravya, havAcusta rIte baMdha karelI kepsyula(tejasa zarI2) jevuM ja hoya che (juo citra 4.3). AtmAnI UrjAthI prerita hovA chatAM mRtyu veLAe te pote IMDA ke garbhamAM dAkhala thatA pahelAM bahu dUra jaI zakato nathI. muddA 4.4mAM vyAkhyAyita dharma A bAbata nakkI kare che, sivAya ke AtmAno mokSa thAya. 4.4 cha dravyo (Existents) have ApaNe AtmA ane kAryaNa vaccenI pArasparika asara navo bhava, AtmAno mokSa vagere kriyAo thavA de che te mATenA sRSTi vizenA jaina niyamo para dhyAna ApIe. jainavijJAna mujaba brahmAMDa cha dravyonuM baneluM che. te A pramANe che : 1. jIva (Soul) 2. pudgala (Matter) 3. AkAza (Space) 4. kALa (Time) 5. dharma/gatisahAyaka (Dynamic Medium) 6. adharma/sthitisahAyaka(Stationary Medium) mAnya bhautika vijJAna padArthano samaya ane aMtara yAmasaMhita ke jyAre nirdeza taMtra(Co-ordinate system)nA saMdarbhamAM vicAra kare che, jainavijJAnamAM AtmAno samaya, aMtara, AkAza ane padArtha, dravyanA saMdarbhe abhyAsa ka2vAmAM Ave che. A badhAMne dravya (substances) gaNavAmAM Ave che ane te saghaLI vicAraNA mATenI eka upayogI rIta che.

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38 AkAza jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA jaina AkAza be prakAramAM vaheMcavAmAM Ave che : 1. loka AkAza (occupied space), jemAM pAMca dravya hoya che. 2. aloka AkAza (unoccupied space), je khAlI hoya che. loka AkAza dekhItA, pratyakSa brahmAMDa samAna che, jemAM bAkInA tamAma, pAMceya dravyo purAyelAM eTale ke baMdhanayukta che. loka AkAzano sahaja guNa, bIjA pAMceya dravyane 'nivAsa' pUro pADavAno che, ane tene atisUkSma bArIka pradezo (space points)mAM vibhAgI zakAya che. ke jemane parimANa hoya che, paraMtu tene vadhu vibhAgI zakAtA nathI. nivAsita brahmAMDa eka hadamAM, sImAmAM baMdhAyeluM che e vicAra A siddhAMtathI spaSTa rIte darzAvAya che. vaLI, loka, AkAza ane aloka AkAza vaccenI jagA bahu mahattvanI che te ApaNe have pachI joIzuM. sthitasahAyaka mAdhyama ane gatisahAyaka mAdhyama : sthitisahAyaka mAdhyama AtmAmAM ane AtmA tathA pudgala vacce pArasparika kriyA/gati karavA de che, jyAre gatisahAyaka mAdhyama AtmAmAM ane AtmA tathA pudgala vacce vizrAMta avasthA/sthira avasthA pedA thavA de che. eka pracalita samAnatA che - sthitisahAyaka mAdhyama pANI jevuM che je mAchalIne gati karavA de che, jyAre gatisahAyaka mAdhyama e vRkSanI chAyA jevuM che je musApharone ArAma Ape che. Ama AtmA/dravyano sahaja guNa hoya che - javuM ke aTakavuM, paraMtu A kriyAo A be mAdhyamathI saMbhavita bane che. sAmAnyataH 'prasthAna rUpa' (go mode)mAM vikAsa, pArasparika kriyA, gati vagereno samAveza thAya che ane 'virAma rUpa' (stop mode)mAM tenAthI viruddhanuM samAvAya che. A baMne mAdhyama aNurahita, niSkriya, svarUparahita ane akhaMDa, atUTa che. te sahaastitva dharAve che ane ApaNe sthitisahAyaka ane gati sahAyaka mAdhyamone anukrame dvitIyaka eTale ke bIjI koTinuM ane tRtIyaka eTale ke trIjI koTinuM AkAza gaNI zakIe. bAzame (1958, pR. 76) A baMne mAdhyamo vizeno tarka suMdara surucipUrNa rIte TUMkamAM, nIce pramANe darzAvyo che (A avataraNamAM pAribhASika zabdo badalyA che) :

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janma ane maraNanAM cakra 39 "gatinI ghaTanA ke vAstavikatAthI dvitIyaka AkAza tarIke sthitisahAyaka mAdhyamanuM astitva, jainone saMtoSa thAya te rIte pUravAra thaI zake che. A kazAkathI thatuM haze; e kALa ke paramANuthI thaI na zake, kAraNa ke temane parimANa nathI ane te AkAzamAM gati thavA na de; e AtmAne kAraNe zakya nathI, kAraNa ke AtmAo AkhuM brahmAMDa bharatA nathI, chatAM badhe ja gati zakya che; e AkAzane kAraNe na hoya, kAraNa ke AkAza brahmAMDanI pAra paNa vistareluM che ane jo AkAza gatino AdhAra hota to brahmAMDanI sImAo badalAtI raheta, paNa sImAo badalAtI nathI. AthI gati kazAka bIjA padArthane kAraNe thatI haze je brahmAMDanI pAra vistaratuM na hoya, paNa AkhAmAM vyApeluM hoya; Ane 'sthitisahAyaka mAdhyama' kahe che. dharma mAdhyama'nuM astitva AvA ja tarkathI puravAra thAya che." pahelA cAra dravya - jIva, pudgala, AkAza ane kALa - pote, A mAdhyamone kAraNe parivartana pAmatA nathI, paraMtu e bane tyAM sudhI jIva ane pudgala tarIke ""prasthAna rUpa" athavA "virAma rUpamAM AkAzamAM kArya kare che. Ama khAsa karIne sthitisahAyaka mAdhyama kArmika saMmizraNa ke vikhaMDana karavA de che jyAre gatisahAyaka mAdhyama kArmika baMdhananI sthiti thavA de che. vaLI, sthitisahAyaka mAdhyama AtmAne pachInA bhava tarapha gati karavA de che jyAre gatisahAyaka mAdhyama tene garbhamAM sthapAvA de che. ApaNe gati mATe mAdhyamo tarIke be dravyone ane bAkInAne vicAryA, paraMtu emane "gatizIla baLa" aneka "sthira (Stationary) baLa" tarIke paNa vicArI zakAya. te nirjIva temaja sajIva para kAma kare che. Adhunika bhautika vijJAna(Modern Physics)mAM mAnya evA kudaratanAM cAra baLa sAthe temano saMbaMdha prakaraNa 10 mAM nirUpavAmAM Avaze. kALa : kALa dravya paNa bIjAM koI dravyathI prabhAvita thatuM nathI. jaino mAne che ke kALa vibhAjya(digital) che eTale ke temAM parimANarahita alaga - alaga kALa-biMdu(time point)onI anaMta zreNIo hoya che. udAharaNa

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA tarIke, ghaDIno kALa noMdhI zakAya che. dravya tarIke kALano koI AraMbha nathI ke aMta nathI. jainoe AkAza ane kALanI pArasparika kriyAmAM kALane cothuM parimANa gaNyuM che. kALa, AkAza ane anya dravyone lagatA vizada nirUpaNa mATe juo bAzama (1958, pR.78). 40 pudgala H e khyAlamAM rAkhavuM ke jainavijJAnamAM pudgalano artha ''bhautika UrjA'' paNa thAya che. A zabda be pado ''pus'(joDAvuM) ane ''gala''(bhAMgavuM) mAMthI banyo che. pudgalanuM 'kAryaNa'mAM rUpAMtaraNa thAye che. AnAthI kArmaNonI racanA ane vinAzane mahattva maLe che. ahIM vinAzano artha che dravyanuM UrjAmAM ane UrjAnuM dravyamAM rUpAMtara. tene mATe Adhunika zabda che : dravyamAna UrjA (Mass-energy), paNa ahIM mahattva che dravya-UrjAnuM. -- pudgala Akhare to aMtima kaNa, paramANu(ultimate particle) nA banelA che. A nAnAmAM nAnA avibhAjya sUkSma kaNo che. temane aneka rIte ekatrita, bhegA karI zakAya che, jethI ApaNane, AtmA sivAyanA, kArbanika ane akArbanika dravyanA tamAma svarUpa maLe che. dravyanA atyaMta sUkSma rUpane ''sUkSmAtisUkSma'' (fine-fine) kahe che ane temAM nizcita saMkhyAmAM paramANuo hoya che. Ama, A kaNomAMthI kAryaNakaNo kArmono (Karmons) racAya che. kArmika zarIramAM laghutama saMkhyAmAM kArmono hoya che ane kArmika koSamAM ghaNI vadhu saMkhyAmAM kAryono hoya che. eka paramANu vadhumAM vadhu eka AkAzabiMdu jeTalI jagA roke che. ''sUkSmAtisUkSma''mAM bhautika UrjA vidyuta samAna hoya che. te pachInA vargamAM ''sUkSma'' dravya Ave, temAM keTalAka paramANu hoya che. Ama te ANvIya che. ''sUkSmAtisUkSma'' nI jema ''sUkSma'' eTaluM bArIka hoya che ke te indriyothI zodhI zakAtuM nathI. yAda karo vaijJAnika paribhASAmAM aNuo e paramANuonAM samuccaya che. dUSita AtmA 52nuM kArmika dravya sUkSma hoya che ane temAM anaMta kArmona hoya che. kArmika zarIra racatuM kArmika dravya atyaMta sUkSma hoya che. kArmika koSa enAthI thoDA ochA pramANamAM paNa ghaNo sUkSma, dekhAya nahi eTalo sUkSma

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41 janma ane maraNanAM cakra hoya che. te badhA ja dUSita AtmAomAM hoya che. A zarIra eTalA sUkSma hoya che ke te tamAma cIjomAMthI pasAra thAya che, thaI zake che. (AnAthI nyaTrInonI lAkSaNikatA yAda Ave.) tejasvI, prakAzamAna koSane keTalAka lekhako cuMbakIya zarIra ke vidyutIya zarIra tarIke darzAve che. evuM paNa khAtarIpUrvaka kahevAyuM che (sI.Ara.jaina. 1929) ke te tejasvI dravyanuM baneluM che; AtmAnAM anya be zarIro - kArmika zarIra ane bhautika zarIra - ne joDavA mATe A prakAranI kaDInI jarUra paDe che. kArmika zarIra atyaMta sUkSma che ane bhautika zarIra atyaMta sthULa hoya che. pariNAme A kaDI vagara temanI vacce sIdhI ke nikaTanI pArasparika kriyA thaI zakatI nathI. te pachIno varga che - sUkSma-sthULa (fine-gross). A varganI cIjo IndriyothI pArakhI zakAya che, paraMtu te eTalI sthULa nathI hotI ke narI AMkhe joI zakAya; udAharaNa tarIke uSmA, dhvani, vagere. sparza, svAda, gaMdha ane zravaNanI indriyothI enI saMvedanA anubhavAya che, paNa te nakkara nathI. cothA varga che -- sthULa-sUkSma (gross-fine). te sUkSma-sthULa karatAM vadhAre sthULa hoya che. A dravya sthULa ke mUrta dekhAya paNa te pakaDI zakAtuM nathI; udAharaNa tarIke prakAza. Ama, ahIM prakAzane kaNono samuccaya gaNyo che. ahIM e bAbata dhyAnamAM levI ke eka siddhAMta mujaba prakAzane keTalIka vA2 kaNonA pravAha tarIke, to anya samaye vidyuta-cuMbakIya taraMga tarIke vicAravAmAM Ave che (udAharaNa mATe juo peDala2, 1981). tAjetaranA vicAravimarza pramANe prakAza, vidyuta, dhvani, vAyu vagerenuM dazyatAnA dhoraNane badale kaNanA kada anusAra sthULa-sUkSma ane sUkSmasthULanA dhoraNe vadhu khAtarIpUrvakanuM vargIkaraNa karI zakAyuM che (juo jaina ena.ela., 1993). pAMcamo varga che -- sthULa (gross), je pravAhIo samAna hoya che. ane chaThTho varga che sthULa-sthULa, je ghana padArtho samAna che. A badhI pudgalanI vividha avasthAo che. pudgalanA A vargIkaraNane TUMkamAM sAraNI 4.2 mAM ApyuM che. ahIM ApaNe pudgalanuM

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nAma. 42 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA eka rItanuM vargIkaraNa ApyuM che. paraMtu jaino anya eka vaikalpika vargIkaraNano upayoga kare che. temAM paramANuo vaccenI jagAnI gIcatAnA AdhAre pudgalanA mukhya 23prakAranA vargo che. (juo jhaverI, 1975, pR. 58-61) sAraNI 4.2 pudgalanuM vargIkaraNa vyAkhyA udAharaNo 0 paramANu aMtima kaNa 1 sUkSmAtisUkSma paramANuthI banelA aNu kAna, kArmika zarIrathI kArmika koSa sudhInI zreNI, paramANu UrjA , vidyuta 2. sUkSma kAnamAMthI "aNu/saMcaya" kArmika dravya 3. sUkSma-sthULa AMkha sivAyanI IndriyothI dhvani, ukhA, vAyuo pArakhI zakAya. 4. sthULa-sUkSma AMkhathI anubhavI zakAya prakAza paNa pakaDI na zakAya. 5. sthULa te bAhya padArtha sAthe saMkaLAya che. pravAhI 6. sthULa-dhULa bAkInA tamAma ghana AtmAne jema sukha, vIrya, jJAna ane darzana sahita jIvavAnI lAkSaNikatAo hoya che tema pudagalane tenI nirjIvatAnI lAkSaNikatAo, sparza, svAda, gaMdha, raMga hoya che. mahattvano siddhAMta e che ke prAthamika kaNo dvArA nIpajelA pratyeka guNamAM temanuM sAtatya jALavI tenA svarUpamAM satata pheraphAra thato rahe che. AthI padArtha ane UrjAne sarakhAM gaNI zakAya, eTale ke dhvani, prakAza, uSmA vagere padArtha che paNa temanuM svarUpa UrjAnuM che. padArtha ane UrjA vizenI A jaina saMkalpanAomAM Adhunika bhautika vijJAna (Modern Physics)nI badhI saMkalpanAono samAveza thato nathI, chatAM te susaMgata che (juo prakaraNa 10). to vaLI, jainavijJAna mananI indriyagocara ghaTanA samajAve che. te darzAve che ke kArmonanuM sUkSmAtisUkSma kArmika dravya ane AtmA kevI rIte paraspara saMbaMdha dharAve che.

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janma ane maraNanAM cakra AtmA : loka AkAzamAM anaMta AtmAo hoya che. dareka AtmAne agaNita saMkhyAmAM pradezo hoya che, paraMtu te tenI pravartamAna indriyagamya bhautika maryAdAomAM astitva dharAve che. mukta AtmAo nirALA hoya che; temane kALa, dharma ane adharma baLonA avarodha hotA nathI ane te loka AkAza ane aloka AkAzanI vaccenI sImAnA carama biMdue hoya che. A sImAnuM carama biMdu e kadAca kRSNa vivara (Black hole) ne maLatuM Ave che. e rIte ke kRSNa vivarane bhautika vijJAnanA pramANita niyamo lAgu nathI paDatA. jyAre sUkSmAtisUkSma sahitanuM badhuM ja kArmika dravya dUra thAya, karavAmAM Ave tyAre AtmA carama biMdu tarapha jAya che. te pachI AtmAne anaMta sukha, vIrya, jJAna ane darzana prApta thAya che. 43 e dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM ke jaino manane chaThThI indriya gaNe che. mana evA padArthanuM baneluM che je pAMca indriyo dvArA dAkhala thayelI mAhitInA prosesara (Processor) tarIke kAma kare che. manane cetanA jJAna ane darzana gaNavAno gUMcavADo na karavo. 4.5 jaina kaNa-bhautika vijJAna (Jain Particle Physics) pudgalane pAMcamAMthI eka raMga, pAMcamAMthI eka svAda, bemAMthI eka gaMdha ane sparzanI cAra joDIo paikInI dareka joDImAMthI ekano sparza hoya che. A vigata nIce darzAvI che : pAMca prakAranA raMga : kALo, lAla, pILo, sapheda, vAdaLI. pAMca prakAranA svAda : mIThAza, kaDavAza, tIkhAza, khaTAza, tUrAza. be prakAranI gaMdha : sugaMdha, durgaMdha cAra joDImAM ATha prakAranA sparza : garama ThaMDuM, bhInuM / sUkuM, (lIsuM / kharabacaDuM), sakhata / narama, halakuM / bhAre. aMtima kaNa, paramANu nIcenA guNadharmo dharAve che : pAMcamAMthI eka raMga pAMcamAMthI eka svAda be prakAramAMthI eka gaMdha cAra joDI sparzamAMthI eka-eka sUkuMbhInuM ke garama/ThaMDuM.

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44 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA Ama, 200 judA judA prAthamika paramANuo bane, bhInAza ane zuSkatA pUrNakamAM judI judI tIvratA dharAve che. A badhuM bheguM thaIne saMmizrita zarIro banAve. AmAM pAyAnI zarata e che ke paramANuo saMmizraNamAM zuSkatA ke bhInAzanI eka ekamathI vadhu tIvratA dharAvatA hovA joIe. jo tIvratA mAtra eka ja ekama hoya to te bhegA thatA nathI. uparAMta jo be paramANuonI bhInAzanI tIvratAo x ane y hoya to temane joDavA, bhegA karavA - Ix - yI < 2, x = 2, ; y = 2, ... judI judI zuSkatA dharAvatA be paramANuone paNa A ja lAgu paDe che. be paramANuonI saMracanA bAbate koI baMdhana, aMkuza nathI, X ekama zuSkatA dharAvato eka paramANu ane y ekama bhInAza dharAvato bIjo paramANu, sivAya ke x > 1 ane X > 1 A siddhAMta kaNa bhautika vijJAnamAM pAulInA apavarjana siddhAMta (Pauli's exclusion principle) jevo ja che. 200 thI vadhu judA judA prAthamika paramANuo che, dareka guNanI paNa prabaLatA ke tIvratA eka ekamathI mAMDIne anaMta ekama sudhInI hoya che. temane saraLatAthI be mULabhUta prakAramAM alaga pADI zakAya : paramANunI asara ke paramANunuM kAraNa. A rIte samagra brahmAMDanI racanA thAya che. e yAda rAkhavuM ke sakhata / narama ane halakuM ! bhAre - e paramANunA guNadharmomAMthI bAkAta rAkhyA che, kAraNa ke A guNadharmo ghaTTa paramANunA ke temanA saMyogonA che. (kAno e paramANuo dvArA racAtA ati sUkSma kaNomAMnA keTalAka che ane tethI kadAca mAtra be paramANuonuM saMmizraNa hoI zake.) 4.6 jIvanacakronA vyAvahArika saMketo e to have suspaSTa che ke jIvana-dharI upara eka bhavamAMthI pachInA bhavano ghATa ghaDavAmAM kArmika dravya kendravartI bhUmikA bhajave che (juo prakaraNa 2). AthI gunAita pravRttiomAM saMkaLAyelo sAmAnya manuSya bhAre kArmika dravyane kAraNe bIjA bhavamAM sApa thaI zake (juo citra 4.4). bIjI bAju sAmAnya manuSya bhAre kArmika dravyanA prAyazcitathI, zikSA bhogavIne AdhyAtmika sIDI para UMce jaI zake eTale ke

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janma ane maraNanAM cakra pahelA bhava 105 10 5 www www+0 sAdhu gunegAra sApa bIjo bhava 45 citra 4.4 : pahelA jIvanacakramAM gunegArathI sApa sudhInuM ane tyAMthI AdhyAtmika guru sudhInuM ema be lAgalagATa bhavo dharAvatI jIvana-dharI kArmika ghanatvanA AdhAre. ''AdhyAtmika guru" jevuM kArmika ghanatva dharAvato punarjanma laI zake. jIvanacakra A rIte cAlyA kare che. udAharaNa tarIke, sApa banyA pachI kArmika dravya ghaTADIne te pachInA jIvanacakramAM UMce caDIne manuSya banI zake (juo citra 4.4). (bhAre kArmika dravya kheravavAnuM sApa mATe zakya che. juo mahAvIra svAmInA jIvanamAM sApa vizenI prakhyAta daMtakathA pariziSTa-1).

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA vidhAna 2 mujaba jIva potAnA bhavapherA manuSya avasthA dvArA ja samApta karI zake, kAraNa ke anya koI paNa jIvasvarUpa karatAM manuSya bhavamAM kArmika ghanatva pramANamAM ochuM hoya che. manuSya bhavamAM badhuM ja kArmika dravya dUra karavAnI eTale ke AtmAne bAMdhI rAkhatA, jakaDI rAkhatA baMdhanone kApI temano aMta lAvavAnI rIto have pachInA prakaraNamAM (juo vidhAna 4 a) ApI che. jo ke eka AtmA jyAre punarjanmanA cakramAMthI mukta thAya che, tyAre nIcalA svarUpano eka jIva upa2 ta2pha gati kare che. pariNAme nIcalA svarUpano AtmA upara tarapha khase che. A rIte ApaNI muktithI ApaNe nIcalA svarUpanA jIvo vagerene jIvana-dharI para UMce javAmAM madadarUpa nIvaDIe chIe. A zRMkhalAmaya pragati eka rasaprada saMkalpanA che. 46 4.7 sAmAnya avalokana - vidhAna 3 mAM svIkArelA be mahattvanA viSayo che - (1) mananuM ane pudgalanuM vijJAna tathA (2) punarjanmanI parikalpanA. bhautikazAstrI(1981), mAtra padArthane ja nahi paraMtu cetanAne paNa niyamanamAM rAkhatA niyamo zodhavAnA pravartamAna valaNa vize peDalara carcA kare che; arthAt dhAtu vALavAnI, padArtha khaseDavAnI, dUrasaMvedana (telepathy) vagere jevI judI judI ghaTanAo samajAvavAnI carcA kare che. ghaNA prayatno chatAM tenI pragati maryAdita che. evI bAbatonuM te varNana kare che je have vaijJAnika rIte cakAsAI che. kAprA(1975)nuM kAma nizcita rIte eka DagaluM AgaLa che. punarjanma bAbate vilsana(1981) saMmohana heThaLanI vyaktionA dekhItI rIte agAunA bhavomAM pratyAvartana (regression) daramiyAna temaNe ApelA AbehUba varNananA judA judA rIporTonI vizvasanIyatA cakAse che. e noMdhe che ke jaoN kITona nAmanA saMmohake bhArapUrvaka kahyuM che ke be bhavanI vacce naraka nathI hotuM, vizrAMti paNa nathI hotI. mRtyu pachI punarjanma tatkSaNa thAya che. A adhitarka cokkasapaNe upara darzAvyA pramANeno che.

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janma ane maraNanAM cakra 1. 2. 47 noMdha pI.esa.jainI, pR.125. zarIrasaMbaMdhI nAma karmo paNa bhautika zarIranI nIce be sUkSma zarIra banAvatA hoya che : 1. tejasa - zarIra (Heat body) che, je jIvanA Avazyaka tApamAnanI jALavaNI kare che ane 2. kAryaNa zarIra (Karmic body), je koI eka samaye AtmA para hAjara samagra kArmika dravyanuM baneluM hoya che. punarjanmanA jaina siddhAMta mATe A saMkalpanA mahattvanI che, ke te eka janmamAMthI bIjA janmamAM AtmAne, tenI potAnI kSamatAthI laI javA, vAhana bane che. kAraNa pI.esa.jainI, pR.126-7. mRtyunI kSaNe, aghAtIya karmo pachInA mUrta svarUpanA khAsa saMjogono Agotaro kAryakrama ghaDe che. A mAhitI kAryaNa zarIra dvArA laI javAmAM Ave che. AtmA jyAre sthULa zarIra taje tyAre, kAryaNa zarIra, tejasa za2I2nI saMgAthe rahIne AtmAne ThekANuM Ape che. AtmAmAM svAbhAvika rIte ja jabarajasta preraka baLa hovAnuM kahevAya che. ghana svarUpamAMthI mukta thatAM ja te mAnyAmAM na Ave evA vegathI UDavA mAMDe che ane tenI sAthenAM karmoe vAjabI gaNI hoya te maMjhila tarapha sIdhI rekhAmAM jAya che. A sapharane 'vigraha-gati' kahe che. kahe che ke tene, upara darzAvyA pramANe game te aMtara pAra karavAnuM hoya chatAM mAtra eka sekanDanI jarUra paDe che. 3. pI. esa. jainI, pR.98. dravyone ThekANuM, sthAna ApavAnI kSamatA e AkAzanuM viziSTa lakSaNa che. A satya che - lokaAkAzanA kissAmAM bane che tema athavA aloka AkAzamAM bane che tema. AthI ''AkAza'' mAtra eka ja hoya che; teno vyApa anaMta hoya che. vaLI, AkAza ati sUkSma ''pradezo''(space-points)mAM vibhAjya che; A ekamone thoDuM parimANa hoya che ane chatAM tene vibhAgI zakAtA nathI.

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5. AcAra-vyavahAramAM karmabaMdha (vidhAna 4 a) vidhAna 4 a kArmika baMdha racAvAnuM kAraNa mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya ane yoga che. 5.1 vidhAna AgaLanAM prakaraNonA abhyAsathI ApaNe jANIe chIe ke kArmika dravyanA ghanatvathI yonionA bheda thAya che ane manuSya yonimAM A ghanatva ochuM hoya che. jo ke AtmA pUrNa kSamatAnA svarUpe prakaTa thAya te mATe tenA paranuM kArmika dravya dUra thAya te jarUrI che. manuSya yonimAM A kevI rIte hAMsala karavuM te samajatAM pahelA vyavahAramAM karmabaMdha kevI rIte baMdhAya che te samajavuM mahattvanuM che. have ApaNe prakaraNo 2 thI 4 mAM vikasAvelA amUrta khyAlone vyAvahArika rUpa ApavA prayatna karIe. mana, vacana ane kAyAnI pravRttiothI athavA TUMkamAM jaina yogathI kArmika baLakSetra racAya che. tyAre vyaktinI bhAvamaya kriyAthI karmabaMdha baMdhAya che. navajAta zizu jene kharA ke khoTAno koI bhAva hoto nathI tenAthI koI kArmika baLakSetra racAtuM nathI. tevI ja rIte pravRttio pote koI kArmika baLakSetra racatI nathI ane te kArmaNa kaNo(kArmono)ne AkarSatI nathI. Ama chatAM jyAre bhAvavaza pravRttio ke kriyAo karavAmAM Ave tyAre kAmaNa kaNo AkarSAya che ane saMcita thAya che.' vidhAna 4 A pAMca kArako Ape che : 1. mithyAtva (Perverted views) 2. avirati (asaMyama) (Nonrestraint) 3. 441EUR (Carelessness) 8. $214 (Passion) pa. yoga (Activities).

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50 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA A kArako kArmika dravyane ane tenA prabhAvane asara kare che. ApaNe A pAMca kArakone kArmika kArako kahIzuM. dareka kArmika kAraka AtmAnA cAra guNo(jJAna, darzana, sukha ane viyIne kSINa eTale ke maMda kare che. kArmika kAraka mithyAtva eTale AtmAnA svarUpa vize mithyA mAnyatA athavA "huM koNa chuM?" te vize khoTo khyAla eTale mithyAmati. ApaNA saMdarbhe, teno artha e thaze ke vidhAna 1 thI 3 mAM bharoso na hovo. pariNAme jJAna ane darzananA guNo Avarita thAya che. avirati zabdano artha che asaMyama ke saMyamano abhAva, jenAthI anaicchika duSkRtyo thaI zake. Ama sukhano guNa malina thAya che. pramAda zabdano artha che mokSa taraphanI pravRttiomAM sAmAnya maMdatA, ALasa. Ama vIryanA guNamAM avarodha ke aMtarAya Ave che. jaina yoga zabda mana, vacana ane kAyAnI sAmAnya kriyAo, pravRttionA saMdarbhamAM vaparAya che. tene Adhunika samayamAM vaparAtA "yoga' zabda sAthe guMcavavo nahi. sakArAtmaka yoga(pAvana kriyAo)thI haLavuM kArmika dravya baMdhAya che, jyAre nakArAtmaka yoga(hAnikAraka kriyAo)thI bhAre kArmika dravya baMdhAya che. (pariziSTa 3 ba, avataraNa 5.1). karmabaMdha mATe javAbadAra chello kAraka che bhAva. karmabaMdha mATe A mukhya kAraka che (pariziSTa 3 ba, avataraNa 5.2) ane te AtmAnA cAreya guNone asara kare che. A bAbata muddA 5.3 mAM vigatavAra varNavI che. 5.2 vyavahAramAM karmo have ApaNe ATha prakAranA kArmika ghaTako, karmonI vyAvahArika asaronuM varNana karIzuM. A ghaTako muddA 4.2 mAM vyAkhyAyita karyA che. darzana-mohanIya karma(Insight deluding component) ugra matavAda sahitanI mithyAdaSTi pedA kare che. pariNAme sAcA ane khoTAno, sArA ane narasAno bheda pArakhavA kSamatA rahetI nathI ane e vizenI ayogyatA pAMgare che. caritra-mohanIya karmathI bhAva ane lAgaNIo utpanna thAya che, jenAthI samyaka caritra avarodhAya che. A be peTA karma sAthosAtha kAma karIne AdhyAtmika sthitimAM aMtarAya ke AvaraNa pedA kare che. jJAna-AvaraNIya karma jJAnane pAMca rIte AMtare che ke avarodhe che : (1) indriyo ane mananAM kAyone (2) tArkika kSamatAne (3) avadhijJAnanI kSamatAne (4) mana:paryavajJAnanI kSamatAne ane (5) kaivalya

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51 AcAra-vyavahAramAM karmabaMdha kSamatAne avarodhe che. darzana-AvaraNIya karma AMkho ane anya indriyo dvArA thatI saMvedanAne, darzanane avarodhe che. avadhijJAna pahelAnA darzanane, kaivalyasaMbaMdhI darzanane avarodhe che. mohanIya (darzana-mohanIya ane caritra-mohanIya) karma AtmAnA vIryane tathA mana, vacana ane kAyAnI pravRttio, kriyAone sImita kare che ane guMcavaNa tathA AkAMkSAo pedA kare che, je pachI anya karmone prabhAvazIla thavA de che. tenI asara vyaktimAM nazA ke unmAdathI thatA rUpAMtara jevI noMdhapAtra hoya che. have ApaNe aghAtIya karmo TUMkamAM joIe. vedanIya karma mAnasika sthitinAM lakSaNo goThave che. nAma karmathI jAti, liMga ane varNa nakkI thAya che. Ayu karma pachInA bhavanuM AyuSya nakkI kare che. gotra karma AdhyAtmika jIvana AgaLa dhapAvavA sahAyaka saMjogonI kakSA nakkI kare che. 5.3 bhAvajanya pravRttio ane cAra bhAva have ApaNe kArmika gatizAstra(Karmic dynamics)nI vigato joIe. mAno ke bhAvajanya pravRtti(Volitional activity)ne kAraNe racAtA baMdhamAM kAmaNa kaNo(kArmono)nI saMkhyA x che. e yAda rAkhavuM ke navA karmo temano udaya zarU thAya te pahelA thoDo samaya pracchanna ke suSupta rahe che. sAraNI 5.1 mAM x kArmaNa kaNo sAthe saMbaMdhita cAra mahattvanAM paribaLo darzAvyAM che. sAraNI 5.1 : , ++x, = x* sAthenA baMdhamAM saMkaLAyelA x kAmaNa kaNonI avadhi ane kriyA karma dareka karmanI mAtrA kSaya mATenI avadhi kSayano prabhAva (t, , ,Ta) (t,ii, te) (t,', 1,2)) (t, 1), (2) (t, te) (t, t) (t !), ,2)) (t', t) (* saMketo mATenI vadhu vigato mATe juo prakaraNanA aMte ApelI noMdha 1). - * * * * * *

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5 2 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA = 24; = (a) krodha (ba) mAna (ka) mAyA (Da) khAudharApaNuM (Da.) tRSNA citra 5.1 : jainadharmanA cAra mukhya kaSAya

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53 AcAra-vyavahAramAM karmabaMdha baMdhamAM 4 kArmaNa kaNonI cokaksa saMkhyA kriyA karatI veLAnA bhAvanI mAtrA para AdhAra rAkhe che. x nuM judA judA karma paranuM pariveSTana tenI pravRtti ke kriyAnA prakAra para AdhAra rAkhe che. eTale ke pravRttino prakAra, avibhAjita kArmaNa kaNo kayA vizeSa karmo para saMcita thaze te nakkI kare che. karmanA kSayanI avidha ane tadanurUpa dareka karmanI saMbhavita mAtrA, te pravRtti karatI vakhatanA bhAvanI mAtrA para AdhAra rAkhe che. eka vAra kArpaNa kaNonI asara zarU thAya eTale ke prabhAva zarU thAya tyAre te AtmA parathI utsarjita thAya che ane avibhedita sthitimAM parata jAya che eTale ke mukta kArpaNa kaNonA anaMta bhaMDAra tarapha jAya che. e yAda rAkhavuM ke dareka karmanA prabhAvano samaya, udayanI avadhi ane mAtrA judA judA hoI zake. vaLI, akAlIna eTale ke niyata samaya karatAM pahelAM temano kSaya, upazama vagere vyAvahArika upAyothI zakya che (juo prakaraNa 7). kaSAya e karmabaMdhano mukhya kAraka che. tenA cAra peTAkArako (Subagents) che : 1. krodha, 2. mAna, 3. mAyA ane 4. lobha. A cAra kaSAyone ApaNe mukhya kaSAya karIzuM. te citra 5.1mAM darzAvavAmAM AvyA che. yAda rAkhavuM ke lAlasA, lolaputA ane tRSNA e badhA lobhanI abhivyakti che. kArpaNa kaNonuM lobha ane mAyAthI udbhavatuM AkarSaNa prabaLa hoya che, paraMtu krodha ane mAnathI thatuM AkarSaNa maMda hoya che. jo ke baMne ekasAthe udbhavI zake che. koI eka sthitimAM mana, vacana ane kAyAnI pravRttio ke kriyAo thAya che (juo citra 5.2 a) ane kArmika kSetrane sakriya kare che. cAra kaSAyo dvArA kArmaNa kaNo pasaMda thAya che ane tyAra bAda AkarSita ke apAkarSita thAya che (juo citra 5.2 ba). astitvamAM hoya tevA kArmika dravyano khyAla karIe to A vyaktigata kriyA che. tyAra bAda temanI bhAvAtmaka pravRttinA AdhAre temanuM kArya niyata karavAmAM Ave che. arthAt nItivAna kAryane kAraNe halakuM kArmika dravya umerAya, jyAre anItiparAyaNa kAryane kAraNe bhAre kArmika dravya umerAya (juo citra 5.2 ba), eTale ke chevaTe anukrame halakA ke bhAre karmabaMdha bane che. prakaraNa 2 mAM varNavelI amUrta kAryavidhinI sAthe vyavahAramAM thatI A badhI kriyAo kevI maLatI Ave che te juo. vizeSa to citra 5.2 e citra 2.1 nuM vyAvahArika nirUpaNa che.

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54 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA saMjogo - (bhAvAtmaka kriyAo / tIvra banelA kaSAyo, citra 5.2 : karmabaMdhanA gativijJAnano kramadarzI cArTa (flowchart) be bhAgamAM darzAvyo che : (a) sthiti ane kArmika baLa dvArA sakriyita bhAvAtmaka pravRtti.

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AcAra-vyavahAramAM karmabaMdha nakArAtmaka yoga tIvra banelA phAyo kArmaNa zoSaNa sakArAtmaka yoga 55 citra 5.2 : (ba) kaSAyo ane yogathI racAtuM kArmika Asrava, karmabaMdha ane punaHgaThita kArmika

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA e khAsa yAda rAkhavuM ke krodha ane mAnane ''rAga'' tarIke vargIkRta karyA che, jyAre mAyA ane lobhane ''dveSa'' tarIke vargIkRta karyA che, kAraNa ke te evI bhAvasthitio vyakta kare che. 56 5.4 kaSAyonI kakSAo (Degrees of Passsions) - have ApaNe mukhya cAra kaSAyo (krodha, mAna, mAyA ane lobha) 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 - ema pAMca kakSA niyata karIne nirUpita karIe. alabatta, Ano artha kArmaNonA baMdhanuM sapramANa ghanatva thaze, eTale ke jema kakSA UMcI tema baMdhana moTuM, teno kSaya thavAno samaya lAMbo ane Asrava vadhu dRDha. krodha, mAna, mAyA ane lobhanI kakSAo 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 nIcenAM daSTAMto dvArA darzAvI zakAya (juo sTIvansana 1915, pR.124) : 1. krodha : krodhanI kakSA 1 e lAkaDI vaDe pANImAM dorelI lITI jevI che, je tatkSaNa bhUMsAI jAya che. kakSA 2 e dariyAkinArA (beach) para dorelI lITI jevI che je bharatI Ave tyAre dhovAI jAya che. kakSA 3 e retALa jamInamAM khodelI nIka jevI che, je eka varSanA havAmAna pachI purAI jAya che. kakSA 4 badhAmAM atyaMta kharAba che, te parvata DhALa para paDelI UMDI phATa jevI che, je samayanA aMta sudhI jaLavAya che. krodhanI kakSA 0 eTale prazAMti, nirmaLatA, sahanazIlatA, dhairya. 2. mAna : have mAnanI pAMca kakSAnuM nirUpaNa karIe. sauprathama kakSA 1 pAtaLI DALakhI jevI che, je lacIlI eTale ke saraLatAthI vALI zakAya tevI hoya che. bIjI kakSA e vRkSanI bAlazAkhA jevI che je eka vAvAjhoDAthI vaLI zake che. trIjI kakSA e pUrNa vikasita vRkSamAMthI kApelA lAkaDAnA pATaDA ke mobha jevI che, jene mAtra garama karavAthI ke telayukta karavAthI vALI zakAya. mAnanI cothI kakSA vRkSanA udAharaNane atikrame che, kAraNa ke te grenAiTanA kaTakAnI jema akkaDa hoya che vaLI zakatI nathI. mAnanI 0 kakSA eTale ahaMkArarahita, nirAbhimAnapaNuM, zAlInatA che.

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AcAra-vyavahAramAM karmabaMdha 57 3. mAyA : mAyAne kuTilatA sAthe sarakhAvI zakAya. prathama kakSAnI mAyAne, pavanathI vaLelA ghauM sAMThIkaDAne sIdhuM karI zakAya tevI rIte sIdhI karI zakAya che. bIjI kakSAmAM te, kharAba rIte kapAyelI laoNna(ghAsanuM medAna)nA cheDA jevI hoya che jene sarakhA karavA ghaNuM kAma karavuM paDe che. tenA trIjI kakSAmAM te vAMkA dAMta jevI hoya che, jene niraMkuza rIte UgavA devAmAM Ave to pachI sIdho karI zakato nathI. cothI kakSAmAM te vRkSamAMnI gAMTha jevI hoya che. zUnya kakSA nikhAlasatA, sAlasatA darzAve che. 4. lobha : lobhathI kahe che ke mAnavInA hRdayano raMga badalAI jAya che. prathama kakSAmAM te hRdayane pANImAM banAvelA raMgathI, jaLaraMgathI pILuM raMgI de che, je pANIthI ja saraLatAthI dhoI zakAya che. bIjI kakSAmAM telathI kharaDAyelAM vAsaNo jevo che, jene bahu mahenatathI sApha karI zakAya che. trIjI kakSAmAM te kapaDA para lAgelA telanA DAgha jevo che, je mAtra DrAya-klIniMgathI dUra karI zakAya che. cothI kakSAmAM te sthAyI, kAyamI raMgadravya(Permanent dye)nA jevo che, je kyAreya dUra karI zakAto nathI. zUnya kakSAno lobha eTale saMpUrNa paritRpti, saMtoSa ane udAra valaNa. A badhI kakSAo, je-te kaSAyonI asaro cAlu rahe te samayagALAo sAthe, sAMkaLI zakAya (juo glesanepa, 1942). mukhya eka kaSAyanI cothI kakSAno gALo jIvanabharano hoya che. mukhya eka kaSAyanI trIjI kakSAno gALo eka varSano hoya che. mukhya eka kaSAyanI bIjI kakSAno gALo 4 mAsa jeTalo Take che. mukhya eka kaSAyanI pahelI kakSAne dhUMdhavAto kaSAya kahe che ane te eka pakhavADiyuM Take che. badhA ja kaSAyonI zUnya kakSA eTale uccatara AdhyAtmika sthiti. mahetA(1939) e jaina manovijJAnanuM vizada nirUpaNa karyuM che ane khAsa to, kAryaNono siddhAMta ane cAra kaSAyonuM Adhunika manovijJAnanI dRSTie nirUpaNa karyuM che. - ApaNe cAra mukhya kaSAyo - krodha, mAna, mAyA ane lobhano ullekha karyo che. hakIkatamAM A cAra kaSAyo, nava prakAranA no-kaSAyo (quasi-passions) athavA bhAvo mATe javAbadAra che. A no-kaSAyo che

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA 1. hAsya, 2. rati, 3. arati, 4. jugupsA (dhRNA), 5. bhaya, 6. du:kha, 7. strIveda, 8. puruSaveda ane 9. napuMsakaveda, ahIM ciMtA 'bhaya'mAM samAviSTa che, paraMtu te potAnA pratyenI hiMsAnA bhAga tarIke vizeSa che. A viSayanuM vivecana have pachInA prakaraNamAM karavAmAM Avaze. 58 1. 2. -- noMdha pI.esa.jainI, pR. 112. ''A azuddhine kAraNe 'vikRta' thayelA vIryanI guNavattA spaMdano(yoga) utpanna kare che, jenAthI vividha prakAranA bhautika karmono Asrava thAya che. ahIM spaMdanono saMdarbha hakIkatamAM vyaktinI bhAvAtmaka kriyAo darzAve che. AvI pravRttio mana, vacana ke kAyAthI abhivyakta thaI zake." ******) kArmika ghaTakomAM vividha kArmaNonI saMkhyA X1 x. thI darzAvAya x nA kSayanA samayagALA (t', t) (t '', tu) che. Ama kArmika ghaTaka a mATe kSayanI prakriyA t,) samaye zarU thAya che ane te t," sudhI Take che, vagere. krU, f. e dareka ghaTakanA kSayanA prabhAvane anurUpa mAtrA che. ahIM e samajAya che ke pratyeka ghaTaka a, b h mAM kSayanI prakriyA ekadhArI, ekasarakhI sthira rahe che, paraMtu ghaTakonI vacce te badalAI zake che. pI.esa.jainI, pR.113. ''karmonA cokkasa pradezo je koI eka kriyA pachI AtmAne pUrepUro AvarI le che te kriyA karatI veLAnA bhAvanI mAtrA para AdhAra rAkhe che. vadhumAM kriyAno prakAra avibhAjita kArmika prakRti nakkI kare che. - ApelA karmanI sthiti ane anubhava AtmAne keTalo samaya vaLagelo haze ane chevaTe kaI kSaNika asara nIpajAvaze e badhuM kaSAyanI kakSA ane mULa kriyAnA varNathI niyata thAya che. eka vAra karma tenA phaLa Ape pachI tenI 'pAkuM phaLa jema vRkSa parathI kharI paDe tema' AtmA parathI nirjarA thAya che, te avibhAjita sthitimAM parata jAya che eTale ke mukta kArmika dravyanA anaMta kuMDamAM jAya che.'' -- che. ........... ..... ..... *****..

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6. kAzmaNonuM aMtima zoSaNa (vidhAna 4 ba) vidhAna 4 ba : potAnA pratye ke anyane pratye AcarAtI hiMsA, navuM atibhAre kArmika dravya pedA kare che. mokSa tarapha javA mATe anyane racanAtmaka ahiMsaka sahAya karavAthI, navuM atyaMta halakuM kArmika dravya pedA kare che. 6.1 vidhAna AgaLanAM prakaraNothI ApaNe, kArmika pravAha zakya banAvatA kArako(agents)ne jANIe chIe. prakaraNa 5 mAM darzAvyuM che ke sakArAtmaka yogathI kArpaNa kaNonuM halakA kArmika dravyamAM rUpAMtara thAya che, jyAre nakArAtmaka yogathI kArpaNa kaNo bhAre kArmika dravyamAM rUpAMtara pAme che. enAthI viparIta haLavA kArmika dravyanuM utsarjana sArAM phaLa Ape che, jyAre bhAre kArmika dravyanA saMcayathI kharAba phaLa maLe che. udAharaNa tarIke, halakuM kArmika dravya AdhyAtmika vikAsa mATe sAruM vAtAvaraNa Ape che. jyAre bhAre kArmika dravya nIcalI yonio tarapha purnajanmanA cakra dvArA laI jAya che. have prazna e thAya che ke halakA ke bhAre kArmika dravya saMcita kevI rIte thAya che? A be aMtima cheDAnA saMcaya mATe javAbadAra kriyAo cheH hiMsA ane ahiMsA (juo citra 6.1). ahIM hiMsA zabda vyApaka arthamAM vAparyo che. vyakti potA pratye ke anya pratye bhAvathI mana, vacana, kAyAthI hiMsA Acare che ke anya pAse hiMsA karAve che athavA anyae karelI hiMsAne anumodana Ape che. vaLI, "hiMsA' eTale pIDA Ape ane Aveza, vAsanA, gusso vadhAre evI kriyA gaNAya. alabatta hiMsAmAM

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60 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA mArI nAkhavAno artha che. te mAtra bhoga bananArAonI yAtanA mATe ja nahi, paraMtu vadhu to AvezanI atizaya tIvratAne kAraNe hatyA karanAranA kArmika baMdhanane noMdhapAtra rIte daDha banAve che mATe te vakhoDavAlAyaka che. ahiMsA hiMsA citra 6.1 (a) hakArAtmaka ahiMsA ane (ba) hiMsAnI AtmA para asara vidhAna 1 thI ApaNe jANIe chIe ke tamAma pone potAnA kArmika dravyathI mukta thavAnI abhIpsA hoya che. A udezamAM madadarUpa thavAmAM, AtmadayA (self-pity) karatAM bhAvamaya ahiMsA, hakArAtmaka ahiMsA che. AtmAnuM mULabhUta, nihita lakSaNa che - "jIvavuM ane anyane jIvavAmAM sahAya karavI" (pariziSTa 3 ba avataraNa 6.1) eTale ke AdhyAtmika pragatinA majhiyArA hita mATe bAkInA tamAma sAthe anyonya kriyA karavI e pratyeka AtmAnuM kArya che. Ama, A vidhAna mAtra eka AtmAnI nahi, paraMtu sAthosAtha badhA AtmAnI abhIpsA pratye protsAhita kare che. joke prathama javAbadArI potAnA pratye che (eTale ke potAne prema karavo), jenA pariNAme, te pachI te anyane mATe karuNA,

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kAryaNonuM aMtima zoSaNa 61 anumodanA vagere darzAvI zake. A vicArane mahattva ApatuM avataraNa che 'tame tamArA uttama mitra cho.'' (pariziSTa 3 ba, avataraNa 6. 6.2). - 6.2 tAtparya A vidhAnano khyAla e mAnyatAmAM samAyelo che ke badhA ja jIvo du:kha, pIDA pratye saMvedanazIla hoya che ane koI mRtyu icchatuM nathI (pariziSTa 3 ba, avataraNa 6.3). A kathano nigodane paNa lAgu paDe che. jo ke jIvana-dharI para darzAvelA koI paNa jIvano upabhoga karavA ke khapAvavA mATe tene khatama karavuM jarUrI che, eTale saiddhAMtika rIte tenAthI dUra rahevuM joIe, bacatA rahevuM joIe. jIvana TakAvI rAkhavA dareke khorAka levo paDe che ane te rIte ApaNe jIvana-ekamonuM zoSaNa karIe chIe, paNa hetu to zakya teTalA laghutama jIvana-ekamo vAparavAno che. AdhyAtmika vikAsa jeTalo vadhu teTalA jIvana-ekamo ochA hoya che. sAmAnyataH vanaspatino banelo 10 jIvana-ekamono vaparAza nabhAvI levA joga mAnavAmAM Ave che. alabatta e dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM ke atyaMta gIcogIca hoya tevA sUkSma jIvono vaparAza na karavo joIe kAraNa ke tenAthI jIvana-ekamo 10 thI vadhI jAya che. AthI madha ane zarAba uparAMta mRta prANInA mAMsa(flesh)no vaparAza na karavo, kAraNa ke temAM agaNita sUkSma jIvo pedA thatA hoya che.1 AmAM keTalAka choDavAonI pezIono paNa samAviSTa che kAraNa ke temAM sUkSma jIvonA vasavATa hoya che. aMjIra ane TAmeTAne pratIkarUpe darzAvAya che. alabatta, kAMdA (DuMgaLI) vagere TALavA joIe, kAraNa ke tenA jIvana-ekamo che 102. A mAtra 'kAya'thI hiMsA ghaTADavAnuM darzAve che. bhAvAtmaka kriyAne kAraNe udbhaveluM kArmika dravya eka cokkasa samayagALA mATe ja vyaktine asara kare che. e samayagALAnI laMbAI karmanA prakAra, bhAvanI tIvratA, prayojana vagere para AdhAra rAkhe che. hakIkatamAM, vikRta dRSTithI karelI jaghanya kakSAnI hiMsAnI asara yugo sudhI cirasthAyI rahe che. paraMtu jo tenA para cAramAMthI koI eka bhAvano prabhAva

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA hoya to tenI asara eTalA dIrghakALa sudhI rahetI nathI. jo ke mAtra ekendriya jIvanA nAzathI udbhavatA kArmika dravyanI avadhi maryAdita hoya che. krodha, mAna, mAyA ane lobhathI thayelA karmanA kSaya mATe, paraMparAgata rIte anukrame 2 mAsa, 1 mAsa, eka pakhavADiyuM ane 48 miniTathI ocho samaya hoya che. saMbhavataH lobhathI AcarelI ahiMsAthI thayelA karmanA kSaya mATe A samaya hoI zake. jo ke kSayano mahattama prabhAva, cAreya bhAvanI maMdatAne AdhAre vadhu ghaTe che. alabatta, sthiratA (yogarahita sthiti) daramiyAna koI kArmika dravya udbhavatuM nathI. AthI mAtra bAkInA kArmika dravyano kSaya thAya che. sakArAtmaka ahiMsAnA amalIkaraNa mATe bhautika, mAnasika ke vANInI kriyAmAM saMpUrNa jAgRti jarUrI che. mahAvIrasvAmIe potAnA mukhya gaNadhara gautamasvAmIne vividha vyAkhyAnothI, upadezathI A bAbato jaNAvI che (pariziSTa 3 ba, avataraNa 6.4). eka paLa mATe paNa pramAda na karavo." te pachInA avataraNamAM varNavyA mujaba enA cAra vyAvahArika ghaTako che : maitrI, karuNA, anumodanA(guNagrahaNa) ane samatA (pariziSTa 3 ba, avataraNa 6 5). | 'tamAma jIvo pratye maitrI; guNasaMpanna, puNyazALI pratye anumodanA; duHkhI pratye karuNA ane sAcAM mUlyo gumAvyAM che tevA pratye samatA keLavavI." A ja vicAra 'citrabhAnunA preraNAdAyI kAvya je have jANItuM bhajana che - "maitrI bhAvanuM...." temAM vyakta karelA che (juo maraDiyA, 1992). ene anurUpa udAharaNa, potAnA lakSya tarapha eka kAra calAvavAnuM che. kAra e jabarajasta zakti dharAvatuM vAhana che. e mATe tame kAra kevI rIte calAvo cho ane kayo rasto lo cho eTaluM ja nahi, paraMtu prati sekanDa rAkhavAnI sAvadhAnI mahattvanI che. A ja udAharaNa vize ApaNe prakaraNa 8 mAM pharI vicArIzuM.

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kAmaNonuM aMtima zoSaNa : : T (I) citra 6.2 : hiMsAthI ane hakArAtmaka ahiMsAthI thatA saMjogonuM nidarzana kAyathI[(a), (ba)] vacanathI[(ka), (Da)] ane manathI[(I),(pha)].

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64 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA citra 6.2 mAM mana, vacana ane kAyAthI AcaravAmAM AvatI hiMsA ane ahiMsAnA judA judA saMjogo darzAvyA che. e juo ke (a)mAM khUna, (ba)mAM karuNA, (ka)mAM vANIno asaMyama ane (Da)mAM maitrI darzAvyAM che. (I)mAM vyakti duzmana sAthe laDavAnuM vicAre che ane (pha)mAM AlkoholanI samasyAthI pIDAtA eka mitrane madada karavAnuM vyakti vicAre che. 6.3 hiMsAnuM bhAvAtmaka pAsuM ApaNe AgaLa joyuM ke halakA ane bhAre kArmika dravya utpanna thavAmAM vicAra tema ja kriyAo eTale ke kRtyo mahattvanI bhUmikA bhajave che. AthI ja dareke "saMkalpaja hiMsA" (premeditated violence) TALavI jo Ie. jo ke AvA kRtyo "AraMbhaja hiMsA' (accidental/ occupational violence)thI judA pADavA joIe. Ama, jaTIla oparezana daramiyAna dardInA mRtyuthI sarjana dvArA saMcita thatA kArpaNa kaNonI saMkhyA khUnInA kAmaNa kaNo karatAM ghaNI ochI hoya che. vaLI, sarjana kAbela hoya to te mAtra halakuM kArmika dravya saMcita kare che, jyAre khUnI, hatyAro, atibhAre kArmika dravya saMcita kare che. kheDUtathI potAnA vyavasAya daramiyAna akasmAte kiTako mare che paraMtu te saumya svarUpanA bhAre kArmika dravya saMcita kare che. jaMtunAzako, kITanAzakonA upayogathI jIvono nAza thAya che. sAmAnyataH, ahiMsAnI vibhAvanA je-te vyavasAyomAM 102 jIvana-ekamothI uparanA jIvonI saMkalpaja hiMsA sudhI maryAdita che. svabacAvanA AtyaMtika saMjogomAM karelI hatyA, "virodhI hiMsA" (defensive violence)thI paNa bhAre kArmika dravya saMcita thAya che. moTA bhAganI vyaktione AvA kaThora vartananI bhAgye ja jarUra paDe che. mahAtmA gAMdhIe zrImad rAjacaMdrane lakhelo patra ane teno pratyuttara A bAbatane prakAzamAM lAve che (juo maraDiyA 1992, pR. 14-15). jo ke uddeza to che be ke vadhu indriyanA jIvonI saMkalpaja hiMsA karatAM ane karAvatAM aTakavuM ke sahetuka saMhAra karatAM aTakavuM.

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65 kAmaNonuM aMtima zoSaNa 6.4 jaina sArvatrika sAMsArika cakro jaino mAne che ke brahmAMDa sImita, parimita che. temAM manuSya sahitanA jIvone sahAro ApavA vividha vihyo che. vasavATa dharAvatA A pratyeka vizva utsaINI ardhacakra kALa ane avasarpINI ardhacakra kALanA anaMta cakronI zreNIomAMthI pasAra thAya che. jo ke temanA tabakkAo judA judA hoya che jethI, dareka paLe kyAMka eka tIrthakara bhagavAna hayAta hoya. A ardhacakro cha ArA(time-section)mAM vibhAjita che. ApaNe duHkha duSamAM misery) mATe "du ane sukha (suSamA happiness) mATe "su" lakhIzuM. avasarpINI ardhacakranA ArA anukrame nIce mujaba che : (1) atyadhika sukha, sususu (suSama-suSamA) (2) sukha, susu (suSamA) (3) duHkhanA pramANamAM vadhu sukha, susudu (suSamA-duSamA) (4) sukhanA pramANamAM vadhu duHkha, sududu (duSama-suSamA) (5) duHkha, dudu (duSamA) (6) atyadhika duHkha, dududu (duSamA-duSamA) have utsaINInA ArA joIe, je anukrame nIce mujaba che : (7) atyadhika duHkha, dududu (duSamA-duSamA) (8) duHkha, dudu (duSamA) (9) sukhanA pramANamAM vadhu duHkha, dudusu (duSama-suSamA) (10) duHkhanA pramANamAM vadhu sukha, susuda (suSamA-duSamA) (11) sukha, susu (suSamA) (12) atyadhika sukha, sususu (suSama-suSamA) ahIM juo ke (1) ane (12), (2) ane (11), kramanA ArA sarakhA che. A ardhacakro citra 6.3 mAM darzAvelAM che. citramAM "du ane su' mATenA vistAra uparanA vicAro pratibiMbita kare che.

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66 tIrthaMkarono samayagALo jI (7) dudu ) 10 (c) dudu 12 avasarpINI ardhacakra 1 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA * F 21:00 varSo utsappaNI ardhacakra zarUAta * sauthI lAMbo samayagALo mahAvIra citra 6.3 : eka jaina sArvatrika sAMsArika cakra(anughaDI),tathA sukha ane duHkhanA starano vartuLAkAra Alekha (susukha ane du=duHkha chAyita bhAgamAM); tUTaka cApa bahu moTA samayagALA darzAve che. avasarpiNI ardhacakra P biMduthI zarU thAya che. Ama, eka AkhuM cakra 12 ArA dharAve che, je A pramANe che H (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (1) sususu susu susudu sud 66 duduMdu ++ >>[ej]s]P hE]>ne i.sa.pUrve 463 chellA siddha jambusvAmI i.sa.2000 (9) (10) (11) (12) dudusa sasa susu sususu

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kAryaNonuM aMtima zoSaNa ApaNe pUrNa jaina sArvatrika sAMsArika cakra(Jain Universal Temporal Cycle)ne TUMkamAM jai. sAM. ca. kahIzuM. have nIcenA muddAnI noMdha laIe H 67 citra 6.3 mAM samaya eTale ke kALa anughaDI dizAmAM phare che. pratyeka ArAno samayagALo ghaNo moTo che. laghu ekamomAMno eka che - sAgaropama. 1 sAgaropama eTale ochAmAM ochA 1017 jai. sAM. ca. ApaNe agAu varNavyA mujaba vividha kArmika ghaTakonA samayagALA mApI zakAya che. 5, 6, 7, ane 8 ArA e pratyeka 21,000 varSonA mAnavAmAM Ave che; te sivAyanA ArA ghaNA moTA che paraMtu anaMta nathI; pariNAme A badhA tUTaka rekhAthI darzAvAya che. ArA ane ardhacakro ekabIjAne satata sahaja rIte anusare che. hAla(1996)mAM ApaNe avasarpINI kALanA pAMcamA ArAnA 2592mA varSamAM chIe. evuM mAnavAmAM Ave che ke mAtra ArA 3, 4 ke 7, 8 daramiyAna ja koI jIva tIrthaMkara ke arihaMta banI zake che. vartamAna avasarpINI kALanA covIseya tIrthaMkaro trIjA ArA (susudu) ke cothA ArA(sududu)mAM janmyA hatA. su ane du no A saMyoga Atma-sAkSAtkAranA patha para AgaLa dhapavA pUrato ane jarUrI che. ApaNe pAMcamA ArAnA 21,000 varSamAMthI hAla(1996)mAM 2592mA varSamAM chIe, AthI A pRthvI para arihaMta/tIrthaMkarano udaya thavAmAM lAMbo samayagALo lAgaze. jo ke AdhyAtmika rIte ucca kakSAnI vyaktio tIrthaMkarano saMparka sAdhI zake che. bIjA zabdomAM kahIe to dareka paLe brahmAMDamAM koIka kSetramAM to tIrthaMkara hoya che ja.4 sudharmAsvAmI(juo pariziSTa 2)nA ziSya jaMbusvAmI vartamAna ArAmAM A pRthvI parathI mokSa meLavanArA chellA hatA. temane I.sa. pUrve 463 mAM mokSa prApta thayo hato. kalpasUtra(zloka 146)mAM mahAvI2 svAmIe zarU karelA pAMcamA ArA, duduM, nuM varNana che; jekobI (1884, pR.246) A zlokane spaSTa kAraNosara kalpasUtrano jarA viSAdapUrNa, nirAzAmaya zloka tarIke varNave che.

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68 1. 2. 3. jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA noMdha pI.esa.jainI, pR. 169, mRta prANInuM mAMsa pote ja asaMkhya nigodanuM prajanana sthaLa che ane tethI te vAparavuM ke ArogavuM ja na joIe.'' pI. esa. jainI, pR. 168 ''AvA jIvo (nigoda), khAsa karIne AthavaNavALA ane/athavA gaLapaNavALA padArthomAM vizeSa vyApta hoya che. AthI dArU, zarAba athavA madhanA sevanathI agaNita nigodano akALe ane hiMsaka rIte nAza thAya che. keTalIka vanaspatinI, khAsa karIne gaLyA, mAMsala (jADA, garavALA) athavA bahubIja prakAranI pezIo paNa nigodanI AzrayadAtA hovAnuM manAya che. A prakAranI vanaspati je potAnA zarIramAM anyane sAmela kare che tene 'sAdhAraNa' kahe che. aMjIrane mULaguNa vyavahArano bhAga gaNIne teno upayoga TALavAnuM e nigodayukta vanaspatija padArthonA tyAganuM pratIkAtmaka nidarzana che. pI.esa.jainI, pR.171 ''hatyAro, udAharaNa tarIke, potAnA verIne mAravA mATe ja nIkaLe che; eTale ke te saMkalpaja hiMsA' kare che. jyAre sarjanathI dardIne kadAca pIDA udbhave athavA jaTIla oparezana daramiyAna kadAca dardInuM mRtyu thAya, paNa teNe mAtra ochI gaMbhIra AraMbhaja hiMsAno aparAdha karyo gaNAya'. 4. pI. esa. jainI, pR. 32. ''...dareka paLe eka tIrthaMkara kyAMka to vidyamAna hoya che ja. bIjA zabdomAM kahIe to muktino patha koI paNa samaye khullo hoya che; tatkALa mokSano moko maLe te mATe koI eka videha kSetramAM janmavuM jarUrI che.'

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7. Atmavijayano mArga (vidhAna 4 ka). vidhAna 4 ka : saMyama navA kArmika kaNo sAme saMvara race che tema ja jUnA kArmika dravyanA kSayanI nirjaraNa kriyA zarU kare che. 7.1 vidhAna vidhAna 4 a ane 4 ba thI ApaNe jANIe chIe ke kArmaNo kevI rIte dAkhala thAya che. jo ke pAchaLanAM prakaraNothI e spaSTa che ke sAmAnya uddeza bevaDo che : (1) navA kAmaNono dhasAro karma-kavaca(saMvara)thI aTakAvavo ane (2) jUnA kArmika dravyanuM saMpUrNapaNe nirjaraNa karavuM. jo uddezo hAMsala thaI jAya to mAtra zuddha AtmA bAkI rahe, jene prakaraNa 2 mAM jaNAvyA pramANe pUrNa sAmarthya arthAt anaMta vIrya, nirapekSa sukha, pUrNa jJAna ane darzana hoya che. AtmAnuM pUrNa sAmarthya mana, vacana, kAyAnI bhAvAtmaka kriyAothI nIpajatA kArmika dravyanI asaro dUra karavAthI meLavI zakAya. ApaNe joyuM tema, A badhI bAhya kAmagIrI che je kArmika kSetramAM nyuklIyara rIekTaranI jema satata kriyA-pratikriyA karatA rahe che. vadhumAM, eka vyaktigata kArmika komyuTara vyakti sAthe lAgeluM hoya che je badhI noMdha (record) rAkhe che ane aNInA samaye, yathArtha samaye sUcanAone pahoMcI vaLe che. prazna e thAya che ke vyakti kArmika dravya dUra kevI rIte karI zake ? tArkika rIte, vyaktinuM potAnA hiIne svabhAva pratyenuM dAsatva kArmika dravyane kAraNe ja hovuM joIe, kAraNa ke te AtmAne potAnuM pUrNa sAmarthya prApta karatAM avarodhe che. AthI saMyama ke tapasyAnA koI svarUpathI kAmaNono AtmA taraphano dhasAro aTakAvI zakAya. bhautika prakRti ane mananAM baMdhano satata karmakSetranI asara heThaLa hoya che. Ama, saMyama e ja

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70 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA eka mAtra mArga che jenA pariNAme vyakti potAnI bhautika prakRtinA tathA mananAM baMdhanothI bacI zake che (juo citra 7.1). uparAMta A vidhAna, vidhAna 4 a nA pAMca karmanA kArako - mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAyo ane yogane dUra karavA mATe saMyamanuM samarthana kare che. A badhA kArmika kArakonuM kramika nidarzana cauda guNasthAnakothI darzAvI zakAya te have joIe. saMyama citra 7.1 saMvara(vartuLa) ane saMyama dvArA karmanuM utsarjana(ochI trAMsI rekhAo) ahIM "saMyama" ne vyApaka saMdarbhamAM samajavo paDaze. teno artha che - saMzayathI upara UThIne, ahiMsAne mukhya gaNIne atyaMta jAgRti sAthe badhI indriyo para aMkuza rAkhavo. eTale ke "tamArI kSamatA mujaba jAta para aMkuza rAkho." (pariziSTa 3 ba, avataraNa 7.1) arthAta vyaktie potAnI kSamatAthI eTalo vadhAre saMyama na rAkhavo jenAthI potAne nukasAna thAya. tenAthI AtmapIDana na thavuM joIe. 7.2 zuddhIkaraNa-akSa ane cauda guNasthAnako prakaraNa 3 mAM ApaNe jIvana-dharI(Life axis)no paricaya meLavyo che. have ApaNe anya jIvasvarUpothI AdhyAtmika rIte UMcI kakSAe pahoMcatA mAnavIo sAthe susaMgata evA jIvana-dharInA uparanA bhAga vize vicArIe. zuddhIkaraNa-akSa para mAnavIone nIcA jIvanaekamothI khUba UMcA jIvana-ekamo para eTale ke mahattama kArmika ghanatva

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Atmavijayano mArga dharAvanArathI mAMDIne nimnatama kArmika ghanatva dharAvanAra sudhI AlekhAya che. bIjA zabdomAM kahIe to jIvana-dharIno uparano bhAga laMbAvavAmAM Avyo che. Ane eka sIDI tarIke varNavAya che, je bhAre kArmika ghanatvathI khUba halakA kArmika dravya tarapha ane chevaTe mokSa tarapha unnati sAdhatAM dareke caDhavI joIe. A sIDIne cauda sopAno che, je AdhyAtmika zuddhatAnA tabakkAo che. ApaNe A sopAnone cauda guNasthAnako (Fourteen purification stages) kahIzuM. A sIDImAM jema UMce caDhatA jAya tema zuddhatva(jainatva)nI kakSA UMcI hoya ane kArmika dravya ochuM hoya. citra 7.2 : 14 ayoga kevaLI avasthA 13 - sayoga kevaLI avasthA 12 kSINa moha 11 upazAMta moha 10 sUkSma saMparAya - anivRttikaraNa - apUrvakaraNa 9 7 6 5 4 3 ra -- --- -- - -- - -- apramattavirata pramattavirata dezavirata avirata samyag dRSTi mizra samyag dRSTi sAsvAdana samyak dRSTi mithyAdaSTi 1 zuddhIkaraNa sopAna cauda guNasthAnako sahitanI zuddhIkaraNa-dharI - 71

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA guNasthAnakonAM nAma sahitanI zuddhIkaraNa - akSa darzAve che. dharI para darzAvelo krama 1 e paheluM sopAna tamAma jIvone lAgu paDe che ane te ahIM sauthI gADha, bhAre kArmika dravya dharAvatA mAnavIo mATe che. sIDInI u52 tarapha jatAM kArmika dravya ghaTatuM jAya che ane 14 mA sopAne te zUnya hoya che. bIjI rIte, ApaNe zuddhIkaraNa-akSane kArmika ghanatva akSa te saLaMga hovAthI tenA cauda mahattvanA tabakkAonI rIte joI zakIe. 72 kArmika nirjarA, karmanirjarAnI prabhAvI prakriyA samajavA mATe e spaSTa rIte samajavuM jarUrI che ke jema jema kArmaNo kharatA jAya tema tema AtmAnI zakti vadhe che jenAthI AdhyAtmika vikAsa AgaLa dhapato rahe che. evuM mAnavAmAM Ave che bhAvi Asrava rokAze; zakti ane jJAnanA guNa vadhu mukta thAya che, jethI AtmA potAnA sAcA svarUpanI zodha karI zake che. bIjo mahattvano noMdhapAtra muddo e che ke kArmika dravyanI asarono zarUAtamAM nAza thavAne badale tenuM upazamana thAya che. taduparAMta pratyeka sopAnamAM karmabaMdha tIvratAthI parimita thAya che; jUnA kArmika dravyane ghaTADe che; lagabhaga badhAM sopAnamAM krodha, mAna, mAyA ane lobha kramazaH ghaTatAM jAya che, temAMye krodha sauthI pahelo ghaTe che. cAreya kaSAyanI pAMca kakSAo vize prakaraNa 5 mAM nirUpaNa thaI gayuM che. jo ke ekaMdara lakSya to vidhAna 4 a mAM darzAvelA karmabaMdhanA pAMceya mahattvanA kArako mULamAMthI dUra karavAno che. 7.3 zarUAtanAM cAra sopAno citra 7.2 mAM zarUAtanAM cAra sopAno che anukrame mithyAdaSTi, sAsvAdana samyag dRSTi, mizra samyak dRSTi ane avirata samyak dRSTi. 7.3.1 sopAnonI vyAkhyA ane AMtarika gati sIDInuM prathama sopAna mithyAdaSTi dharAvatA tamAma jIvo mATe samAna che. zarUAtamAM pratyeka AtmA saMpUrNa ajJAnanA A sopAnamAM hoya che, jyAre cAreya kaSAyo temanA mahattama levale hoya che. jo ke vidhAna 1 pramANe pratyeka AtmA kArmika dravyamAMthI potAnA cAreya guNone anAvirata karavA mathAmaNa karato hoya che. A kriyA kyAM to pUrvabhavo yAda AvavAthI (jAtIya smaraNathI) ke jaina upadezo/adhyayanathI

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Atmavijayano mArga gatimAna thAya che. A ghaTanA pachI palakavAramAM sopAna 2 ane 3 mAMthI pasAra thaI sopAna 4 mAM pahoMcAya che. sopAna 4 e avirata samyag dRSTinuM sopAna che. A anubhava eTale jIvananA sAcA svarUpano ane AtmAnI vAstavikatAno ane tenA pragaTIkaraNano, arthAta sAcA jJAnano, samyag darzanano hoya che. - samyag darzanano A prathama anubhava mAtra thoDI kSaNo pUrato Take che ane te anubhava darzana-mohanIya kArmika ghaTakanA dUra thavAne kAraNe nahi paraMtu tenA avarodhAI javAthI ja thAya che. A avarAdhAyelo ghaTaka jhaDapathI chUTo paDe che ane potAno prabhAva pharIthI darzAve che. AthI AtmA pAcho potAnA aMtima, mithyAdRSTinA sopAnamAM parata jAya che. temAM pAMceya kArmika kArako - mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya ane yoga temanA pUrA jozathI kAryarata hoya che. jo ke A patana daramiyAna, AtmA TUMka samaya mATe trIjA guNasthAnakamAM jAya che, jyAM sthULa kaSAyo upazAMta rahe che, paraMtu samyag darzana hotuM nathI. A guNasthAnakane mizra samyag mithyArdaSTi kahe che. tenI nIce bIjuM guNasthAnaka che samyak dRSTi, jemAM cothI kakSAnA kaSAyo pharIthI prabhAvI bane che ane tatkSaNa AtmAne pharIthI nIcalA guNasthAnakamAM utArI de che. cothA guNasthAnaka sudhInA prathama saMkramaNamAM mithyArdaSTinuM mAtra upazama thAya che, paraMtu pachInA, anugAmI lAMbA gALAnAM saMkramaNomAM A ghaTaka aMzataH dUra thAya che. AvAM keTalAMka saMkramaNo jemAM aMzataH nirasana ane upazamana thAya che. pachI AtmA, pAMcamA guNasthAnaka ane tenAthI AgaLa tarapha, AgaLa dhapavA mATe, cothA guNasthAnakamAM sthira thAya che. sAraNI 7.1 A guNasthAnakono sArAMza darzAve che. sAsvAdana sAraNI 7.1 : zarUAtanAM cAra guNasthAnako ane temane anurUpa avasthA guNasthAnaka 1. 2. 3. 4. nAma mithyAdaSTi sAsvAdana samyak dRSTi mizra samyag avirata samyak dRSTi 73 avasthA mithyAtva zuddhIkaraNanuM taraphanuM prathama pagaluM

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74 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA 7.3.2 cothA guNasthAnakanuM varNana ane dekhItA saMketo cothA guNasthAnakamAM mithyASTi dUra thAya che ane samatA prApta thAya che. zuddhatAmAM thayelA A vadhArAne kAraNe samyag darzanano jhabakAro thaI zake che. cAre kaSAyonI cothI kakSA dUra thatAM vIrya ane jJAnamAM vRddhi thAya che jene pariNAme AtmA sAcuM jJAna zodhavAmAM pahelA karatAM vadhu utsAhabhera tatpara bane che. vaLI, te kArmika dravyanI potAnA zarIra para thatI abhivyaktine cAra kaSAyo dvArA dekhAtI manovaijJAnika sthitio ane vyaktigata mAlamatA, jenI sAthe agAu potAnI oLakha keLavI hatI, te badhAne ochuM mahattva Ape che. Ama, eka zuddha ane dhI2, prazAAMta avasthA prApta thAya che. 2 valaNa ane aMtarAtmA vyaktinI dhIra avasthA daramiyAna 'huM koNa chuM ?' evo prazna karavAnuM valaNa protsAhita thAya che. A valaNa AtmAnA darzana guNane vadhu pragaTa kare che. vIrya guNanA agAu na anubhavAyelA eka UbharA, Aveza dvArA kArmika dravyanuM vadhAre nirasana ke kSaya thAya che. have kAyamI samyag darzananI prApti zakya bane che. vyakti prathama traNa vidhAnothI vAkepha thAya che. A rIte AsavanI asara dUra karavAno uddeza keLavAya che ane A icchA, AkAMkSAthI vIrya guNa vadhu mukta thAya che. darzananA badhA avarodho kaMI paNa asara karatAM aTake che ane e kSaNe AtmA vAstavikatAnI kAyamI dRSTi meLave che. cAra kaSAyo trIjA guNasthAnaka sudhI sImita thavAne kAraNe nIpajelA prabuddha dRSTikoNano AMtarika saketa che - svanuM rUpAMtaraNa, parivartana. AtmAnuM dhyAna vicArapUrvaka bIjA kazA para nahi paraMtu mAtra potAnA sAcA svarUpa para punaHsthita thAya che. Ama 'huM' ne badale sAcA aMtarAtmA sAthe tAdAtmya keLavAya che ane sukhanA guNanI gADha anubhUti thAya che. 3 vartana ane sakArAtmaka ahiMsA jyAre AtmA svayaMmAM zAMtinI anubhUti kare tyAre tenA vartanavyavahAra ucca koTinA ane vinamra banI jAya che. vyakti badhA jIvonI mULabhUta, pAyAnI samAnatA pratye jAgrata, sabhAna bane che.

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75 Atmavijayano mArga bhAIcArAnI A bhAvanAthI tamAma pratye maitrIbhAva ane kamabhAgIo mATe utkRSTa karuNA pedA thAya che. A karuNA koInI sAthe koI paNa vyaktigata baMdhana ke dayAbhAvathI mukta hoya che. A anubhUtine pariNAme AtmA svIkAre che ke tamAma jIvo mATe mokSa zakya che. anya AtmAone mokSa tarapha javAmAM maitrIbhAvathI madada karavAnI niHsvArtha utsukatA rahe che. sakArAtmaka ahiMsAne kAraNe te zoSaNakhora ane hAnikAraka vartanavyavahAranAM dUSaNo pArakhI zake che. sakArAtmaka ahiMsAnuM A pAsuM e vidhAna 4 ba no vyAvahArika upayoga che. cAra kaSAyo para asaro cothA guNasthAnake pahoMcavA mATe saMyama ane tapasyAo jarUrI hovAno spaSTa ullekha kyAMya nathI. paraMtu garbhita rIte evuM mAnI levAmAM Ave che ke te jarUrI che, kAraNa ke cothA guNasthAnake pahoMcavA mATe vyaktinA cAre kaSAyo cothI kakSAmAMthI trIjI kakSAe UtaravA jarUrI che, je gupti sivAya, saMyama sivAya hAMsala karavuM zakya nathI. vaLI, sakArAtmaka hiMsA AtmasaMyama vinA zakya nathI. prathama jAgRtithI evA keTalAka kArmaNo dUra thAya che je pariNAma svarUpe madhyama mAtrAnA AtmasaMyama tarapha dorI jAya che. acAnaka gusso Avavo, prapaMca karavo, abhimAnamAM bahekI javuM, lobhanA AvezamAM AvavuM vagere thatA nathI, arthAt AvA kissAomAM AtmasaMyama jaLavAI rahe che. uparAMta cothuM guNasthAnaka saMpanna thatAM sahiSNutA vadhe che ane krodha ghaTe che, namratA vadhe che ane abhimAna ghaTe che, saraLatA vadhe che ane mAyA ghaTe che, saMtoSa vadhe che ane lobha ghaTe che. 7.4 guNasthAnaka pAMcathI guNasthAnaka agiyAra muddA 7.3 mAM joyA mujaba jyAre vyaktinI mithyASTine sthAne samya darzana Ave tyAre te cothA guNasthAnake caDhe che. pAMcamA guNasthAnake vyakti haju vadhu saMyama keLavavA prayatnazIla bane che. arthAta vyakti vividha saMkalpo kare che, vrato pALe che jenAthI te dezavirati tarapha jAya che. chaThThA guNasthAnake pUrNa saMyama hAMsala thAya che.

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA pAMcamuM guNasthAnaka sAmAnya mANasanA jIvananI rIta jevuM che, jyAre chaThThuM guNasthAnaka sAdhunA patha samAna che. chaThThA guNasthAnakamAM, eTale ke pUrNa saMyamanI avasthAmAM pUrNa zista ane uccatara tapasyA saMpanna thAya che. A vividha avasthAo kevI rIte prApta thAya tenuM nirUpaNa prakaraNa 8 mAM che. 76 sAtamA guNasthAnake pramAda (carelessness) zUnya thaI jAya che, matalaba ke krodha paNa zUnya thaI jAya che. AthI ja A guNasthAnakane apramattavirata kahe che. Ama chatAM cAreya kaSAyonA thoDA avazeSo haju TakI rahyA hoya che. guNasthAnako ATha, nava ane dasamAM vyakti dhyAna (meditation) dvArA mAna, mAyA ane lobhanI kakSA ghaTADIne zUnya karavA prayatna kare che. dhyAna vaDe saphaLatAnAM guNasthAnako ATha, nava ane dasa anukrame A pramANe che : apUrvakaraNa (8), anivRttikaraNa (9) ane sUkSma saMparAya (10). sAraNI 7.2 A guNasthAnakonI vigato TUMkamAM darzAve che. sAraNI 7.2 : pAMcamAthI agiyAramA guNasthAnako ane temane anurUpa avasthAo nAma dezavirata pramattavirata apramattavirata apUrvakaraNa anivRttikaraNa sUkSma saMparAya upazAMta moha avasthA sAco jaina zrAvaka sAdhu; saMta AdhyAtmika guru AdhyAtmika upAdhyAya AdhyAtmika upAdhyAya 10 AdhyAtmika upAdhyAya 11 kaSAyarahita avasthA A avasthAomAM, jo cAreya kaSAyo dUra thavAne badale upazAMta hoya to vyakti mAtra agiyAramA guNasthAnake pahoMcI zake, jyAMthI teNe nIce tarapha javuM ja paDe. agiyAramA guNasthAnakane upazAMta moha kahe che. guNasthAnaka 5 6 7 8 9

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Atmavijayano mArga jo ke dhyAna, samAdhi daramiyAna cAreya kaSAyo ane temanA prabhAvo saMpUrNapaNe dUra thaI gayA hoya, jethI lobhanI kakSA kAyama mATe zUnya thaI gaI hoya to vyakti dasamA guNasthAnakathI sIdho bAramA guNasthAnake pahoMcI jaze. bAramuM guNasthAnaka che - kSINa moha. 7.5 guNasthAnaka bAramAthI cauda bAramuM guNasthAnaka meLavatAMnI sAthe ja mohanIya karma sivAyanA mukhya kArmika ghaTako ApoApa dUra thaI jAya che. pariNAme teramuM guNasthAnaka prApta thAya che, je kevaLI avasthA che. tene ""sayoga kevaLI avasthA" kahe che. A guNasthAnakamAM bhautika zarIra mATe jarUrI kriyAo ke pravRttionuM niyamana mAtra yogathI thAya che. jo ke A kriyAothI navA kAmaNo banatA nathI. vaLI kevaLI hovAthI aghAtIya kArmika ghaTako chevaTe kizuM zeSa na rahe tyAM sudhI kramaza: kharatA rahe che. aMtima kSaNomAM zarIra saMpUrNa sthira sthitimAM rahe che. A avasthA che - sayoga kevaLI avasthA ane te caudamuM guNasthAnaka che. A sthiti mokSa pahelAM vadhumAM vadhu 48 miniTa rahe che. mRtyu thatAMveta AtmA saMpUrNapaNe ane kAyama mATe janmamaraNanA cakramAMthI mukta thaI jAya che ane mokSa pAme che. sAraNI 7.3 mAM A uccatara guNasthAnakonI vigato ApI che. sAraNI 7.3H AkharI traNa guNasthAnako ane temanI avasthAo guNasthAnaka nAma avasthA kSINa moha sayoga kevaLI avasthA tIrthaMkara 14 ayoga kevaLI avasthA mokSa tarapha ahIM e bAbate dhyAna ApavuM ke guNasthAnaka cAra e "avirata samyam daSTi"nI prApti che; guNasthAnaka pAMca e nIcalA vratonI sAMsArika avasthA che; guNasthAnaka che e saMtanA staranA ucca vratonI avasthA che; guNasthAnaka sAta e AdhyAtmika guru jevI avasthA che; guNasthAnako AThathI dasa e AdhyAtmika upAdhyAyanI avasthA che; 12 13

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78 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA guNasthAnako bAra ane tera e tIrthakara | sayoga kevaLI avasthA che. caudamuM guNasthAnaka e mokSa pahelAnI thoDI kSaNonI sthiti che. A avasthAo vyaktinA cAritranI saMkSipta rUparekhAne lagabhaga maLatI Ave che. guNasthAnaka 1 e aNaghaDa vyaktitva sAthe joDI zakAya. guNasthAnaka 2 e ucca sthitimAMthI aNaghaDa vyaktitva tarapha pratyAvartana (pAchuM javuM) che; guNasthAnaka 3 e guMcavaNabharyuM aspaSTa vyaktitva che. guNasthAnako 4, 5, 6 ne anukrame vizvasanIya, saMskArI ane naitika vyaktitvo sAthe sAMkaLI zakAya. guNasthAnaka 7 mAM atyaMta jAgrati sAthenuM AdhyAtmika vyaktitva hoya. tenI uparanAM guNasthAnako atIndriya vyaktitvonAM vividha staro darzAve che. 7.6 kakSA (level) ane saMkramaNonuM rekhika nirUpaNa A vicArone mAtrAtmaka rIte rajU karavAthI te upayogI banaze. prakaraNa pamAM ApaNe cAra kaSAyonuM, pratyekanI kakSA 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 sahitanuM nirUpaNa karyuM hatuM te yAda karo. have e prazna e Ubho thAya che ke karmabaMdhanA anya kArakonI kakSA kevI rIte niyata karI zakAya? prakaraNa 6mAM ApaNe joyuM ke mithyAdarzana dvArA thayelI hiMsA 3 jaina sArvatrika cakra (Jain Universal Cycle) Take che jyAre cAramAMthI koI paNa kaSAya mATe e ra jaina sArvatrika cakra hoya che. Ama, ApaNe lAkSaNika mithyAdarzanane 0 thI 7 no mApakrama ApIe. A muddAne AgaLa vadhArIne ApaNe asaMyamane mahattama aMka 4, pramAdane 4, no-kaSAyane 4 ane yogane 1 aMka ApIe. Ama, guNasthAnaka 1 mAM kula kArmika ghanatva 36 ekama thAya. A rIte dareka guNasthAnaka mATe kArmika ghanatva nakkI karI zakAya. e vigato anya keTalIka noMdho sahita sAraNI 7.4 mAM darzAvI che. alabatta, A aMka ane mApakrama (scale) koI niyamane anusaratA nathI, yAdacchika (arbitrary) che, teno upayoga mAtra kramika pragatinI spaSTa samaja ApavA mATe ja che. citra 7.3 sAraNI 7.4 nuM sUkSmatara mApakrama para kareluM raikhika nirUpaNa che. temAM x-akSa para karmabaMdhanA kArako che ane 9-akSa para AdhyAtmika zuddhIkaraNanAM stara che.

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Atmavijayano mArga sAraNI 7.4 : 1 7 guNa mi.da. a. pra. kro. mAna mAyA no lo. yo. sthAnaka 2 3 5 4 0 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 5 14 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 0 4 = 4 * 4 2 0 4 4 3 2 1 0 vividha guNasthAnako para karmabaMdhanA kArakonuM kArmika ghanatva 4 4 4 3 ra 1 1 kaSAyo 0 4 4 no kaSAyo; lo. 4 3 2 1 1 1 7 4 4 = 4 4 3 ra 1 1 1 1 7 4 4 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 cha 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.5 1 0.1 1 1 0.1 kula kA.ghanatva 36 = 34 32 24 17 8 mAna zUnya mAna zUnya kharI paDyA nokaSAyo kharI paDyA kSINa lobha kaSAyo kharI paDyA 0.1 saMpUrNa jJAna 0.01 0.01 yoga samApta 5 4 3 1.5 1.1 saMkSepana saMketa : mi.da. = mithyAdarzana; a. = avirati; pra. = krodha; no. lobha; yo. yoga; 1.0 noMdha 79 sAcI daSTinI prApti pUrNa saMyamanI prApti samitinI prApti krodha = 0 pramAda; kro. = kArmika ghanatvane nakArAtmaka svarUpamAM jovAnuM che, arthAt zuddhatA vadhe tema kArmika ghanatva ghaTaze eTale ke cAra kaSAyonI asara ghaTe. kArmika ghanatvanuM nirUpaNa y- akSane samAMtara z-akSa 52 karyuM che. chaThThA guNasthAnaka sudhImAM pUrNa saMyama prApta thAya che tathA krodha, mAna, mAyA ane lobhanI kula kakSAo ghaTIne ATha thaI jAya che. B thI B' ane C thI C' anusaratAM ApaNane jaNAya che ke pramAda ane krodhano AMka zUnya thaI jAya che, jo ke anya mukhya kaSAyo thoDI mAtrAmAM haju zeSa rahe che

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80 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA citra 7.3 parathI e noMdha karavI joIe ke dareka kArakanI sImArekhA ke sImAstaMbha alaga che. kAraNa ke mithyAdarzana ane kaSAyo vacce ke cAra kaSAyo ane no-kaSAyo vacce sAtatya hotuM nathI. karmabaMdhanA kArakonI pratyeka kriyA, pravRttinuM vilayana tyAre zarU thAya che jayAre sImArekhA namavA mAMDe eTale ke trikoNIya AkArono ArvibhAva thAya. Ama 0 biMdu mithyAdarzana dUra thavAnI zarUAta darzAve che paraMtu A e citra 7.4 mAM sAcI dRSTinuM biMdu bane che. biMdu B para asaMyama dUra thavAnI zarUAta thAya che ane vyakti B sudhI pahoMce tyAre pUrNa saMyama ke AtmasaMyama prApta kare che. e ja rIte C' e apramAdanuM biMdu che. apramAda sAtamA guNasthAnake prApta thAya che. D e akrodha (no anger) nuM eTale kArmika zuddhIkaraNa levala ghanatva To na 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 I ne 1 II 1 I 1 II i na ja ra >> o ja na 36 + mi. T komAmA no lAM citra 7.3 : kArmika ghanatvamAM ghaTADo ane zuddhatA-staramAM vadhAro; mi.da.= mithyAdarzana; a.=avirati; pra.=pramAda; kro.=dodha; mA.=mAna; mA.=mAyA; lo. lobha; no.=nokaSAya; yo. yoga. lAIna parano aMtarita khaMDa = acaLa, chAyita AkRtio je-te kArakonuM kArmika ghanatva darzAve che.

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Atmavijayano mArga 81 - 4 - citra 7.4 : zuddhIkaraNa-akSa para saMkramaNa; guNasthAnaka 4 ke tethI AgaLanA guNasthAnakathI patana thAya tyAre ja guNasthAnaka 2 zakya che.

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82 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA ke prazAMti (tranquality) nuM biMdu che. E e ahaMkAra rahita (no pride) eTale ke vinaya, namratA agarva (humility)nuM biMdu che. - e a-mAyA (no deceit) 2/2A 3 241884, 2420al (straightforwardness/simplicity) nuM biMdu che. G para no-kaSAya nathI rahetA. | para lobha nathI raheto eTale ke saMtoSa, aspRhA (contentment) hoya che. K' e mokSa pahelAnuM sthAna che. e dhyAna rAkhavuM ke K' sthAna eTale ke teramA guNasthAnake yoga aTakavAnI zarUAta thAya che. citra 7.3 parathI ApaNe kArmika ghanatvanA laghutama mUlya sudhI aMdAja lagAvI zakIe. prathama guNasthAnaka mATe y = 1 che ane sAraNI 7.4 mAMthI mithyAdaSTi (mi.da.), apramAda (a.) ... lobha (lo.) ane yoga (yo.) mATe kArmika ghanatva anukrame 7, 4, ... 4 ane 1 ekama che. 5 mAM guNasthAnake kArmika ghanatva zodhavA, ApaNe dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM ke y rekhA = 5 mi.da. mATenA trikoNane chedatI nathI tethI mi.da. mATenuM kArmika ghanatva zUnya che jayAre BB' para samalaMbakano chedaka, taLiyA (base) nI laMbAI 4 nuM che. AthI apramAdanuM kArmika ghanatva ra che. A bAbato sAraNI 7.4 pramANe che, lobha mATeno chedaka sAraNI 7.4 mAM jarUrI che tema, taLiyAthI aDadho nathI, paraMtu kArmika ghanatva thI thoDuM vadhAre che. Ama, ahIM dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM ke prakaraNa 3 nA jIvana-ekamo 10, 101, 10, 101, 100, 101% kArmika ghanatvanA ekamo anukrame 36, 24, 8, 5, 3 ane 0.01 ne lagabhaga maLatA Ave che. 7.7 guNasthAnakomAM saMkramaNa ApaNe agAu darzAvyuM ke eka guNasthAnakamAMthI anyamAM sthAnAMtara kevI rIte thAya che. citra 7.3 vividha saMkramaNo(transitions) darzAve che. guNasthAnaka 1 mAMthI ApaNe guNasthAnaka 3 mAM jaIe chIe, te pachI guNasthAnaka 4 mAM ane tyAra bAda citra 7.4 mAM darzAvyA mujaba kyAM to guNasthAnaka pa tarapha pragati sAdhIe chIe athavA guNasthAnaka mAM pAchA paDIe chIe. pharI guNasthAnaka 5 mAMthI ApaNe kyAM to guNasthAnaka 6 tarapha caDhIe chIe athavA guNasthAnaka 4 athavA 2 tarapha patana pAmIe chIe. guNasthAnaka 6 mAMthI kyAM to guNasthAnaka 7 tarapha pragati thAya che

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Atmavijayano mArga athavA pharIthI guNasthAnaka 5 ke 4 guNasthAnakamAM patana pAmIe chIe. guNasthAnaka 7 mAMthI ApaNe kyAM to guNasthAnaka 8 tarapha unnati sAdhIe chIe athavA guNasthAnaka 6 nI jema nIce tarapha jaIe chIe. guNasthAnaka 8 mAMthI guNasthAnaka 9 tarapha pragati thAya athavA pharIthI patana thAya. guNasthAnaka 9 mAMthI guNasthAnaka 10 mAM saMkramaNa zakya che. guNasthAnaka 10 mAMthI sIdhA guNasthAnaka 12 mAM kUdI zakAya. guNasthAnaka 11 ghaNuM lapasaNuM che ane tyAMthI game tyAM patana thaI zake. jo ke sAmAnyataH guNasthAnaka 6 ke 7 mAM patana thAya che. eka vAra guNasthAnaka 12 mAM pahoMcyA pachI koI patana thatuM nathI, mAtra guNasthAnaka 13 ane 14 tarapha pragati ja thAya che. pariziSTa 4 mAM moTA bhAganA noMdhapAtra saMkramaNo darzAvavA mATe sApasIDI(snakes & ladders)nI sudhArelI ramata che. 1. 2. jIM 83 noMdha pI.esa.jainI, pR.140-1. ''vIrya ane karmanA satata cAlu rahetA utAracaDhAvane kAraNe keTalIka anubhUtio (vizeSa karIne jina athavA temanI pratimAnA acAnaka darzanathI, jaina upadezonA zravaNathI athavA pUrvabhavanA smaraNathI) bhavitavyane tenI suSupta sthitimAMthI pragaTa kare ane Ama mokSa tarapha doratI prakriyAno AraMbha thAya che.' pI.esa.jainI, pR.147. ''agAu teNe potAnI jAtanuM, jIvananA bAhya cihno - kAyA, avasthAo, mAlamatA sAthe tAdAtmya sAdhyuM hatuM. Ama te ''bahirAtmA' tarIke oLakhAtI sthitimAM hato, cetanAnA Adhipatya heThaLanI jAtane anAvazyaka bAbatomAM joto hato, je mAtra karmanA phaLa(karma-phaLa-cetanA)thI ja vAkepha hoya che... A samAyojana (orientation) evA khoTA khyAla AdhArita hoya che ke eka kartA banIne anyone badalI zake...'' pI.esa.jainI, pR.150. ''badhA jIvonI mULabhUta mahattA vizenI sabhAnatA ane anyo sAtheno teno saMbaMdha anyo pratye utkRSTa

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA anukaMpAnI lAgaNI pedA kare che. jayAre sAmAnya mAnavI dvArA anubhavAtI sahAnubhUtimAM dayAnI jhAMya, chAMTa athavA tenA padArtha sAtheno moha hoya che; anukaMpA AvA nakArAtmaka pAsAMothI mukta hoya che. te mAtra DahApaNathI, dravyanA avalokanathI keLavAya che, je dRSTigocara thatI pratyakSa paddhatinA mULamAM hoya ane te vyaktine anya AtmAone mokSa tarapha javAmAM sahAyabhUta thavAnI niHsvArtha icchA thAya che." pI. esa. jainI, pR.159. "mUrta svarUpanI chellI thoDI kSaNomAM, yoga paNa aTakI jAya che; carama sthiratAnI A sthitine caudamA guNasthAnakane ayoga kevalI sthiti kahe che. nirvANa prApta thatAM ja AtmA kAyama mATe sAMsArika prabhAvamAMthI saMpUrNa mukti pAme che....

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8. zuddhIkaraNa mATenA upAyo 8.1 prAstAvika chellA prakaraNamAM ApaNe tapane pAMca kArmika kArako - mithyAdaSTi, avirati, pramAda, kaSAyo ane yoga - nA upacAra tarIke varNavyA. hakIkatamAM, "tapa" (umAsvAti anusAra, juo pariziSTa 3 a, avataraNa 8.1) eTale "saMyama, samiti, dharma, anuprekSA, pariSaha-jaya ane samyapha cAritranuM saMvardhana, abhivRddhi". Ama, 5 kArmika kArakothI thatA kArmika Asravane aTakAvavA ane kArmika dravyanA viyojana mATe 6 aniSTanivArako che. jo ke A badhA, chaye aniSTanivArakone, vidhAna 4 ka mujaba, tapa gaNI zakAya. ApaNe have A 6 aniSTanivArakone cauda guNasthAnakonA saMdarbhe vigatavAra joIe. uparyukta aniSTanivArakI chaThThA guNasthAnaka sudhI jatAM mULabhUta pAyo racAya che. ahIM e bAbata mahattvanI che ke kAyAnA zuddhIkaraNanA mukhya upAyo che - upavAsa, mauna dvArA vacananiyaMtraNa ane dhyAna dvArA manane zAMta karavuM. 8.2 samyaka darzananA ATha guNo samyaka darzana'nuM cothuM guNasthAnaka eka vAra prApta thAya tyAre zuddhIkaraNa-akSa paranA caDiyAtA sthAnaka para pahoMcatA pahoMcatA, pahelA samyaka darzananA ATha guNo uddabhave che. A guNomAMnA cAra nakArAtmaka prakAranA che. e che : (1) niHzaMkti guNa - jaina upadezonA saMdarbhamAM, (2) nikAMkSita guNa - bhaviSyanA anumAnanA saMdarbhamAM, (3) nirvicikitsA - be virodhI bAbatomAMthI udbhavathI dhRNAmAMthI mukti

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86 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA ane (4) amUDhadaSTi- devo, guruo ane dhArmika kriyAo saMbaMdhe. anya cAra guNo hakArAtmaka prakAranA che. te che: (5) upagUhana - jaina dharmanI prajA dvArA AlocanA sAme saMrakSaNa (6) sthitikaraNa - jyAre anya loko saMzayI bane tyAre temane dharma bAbate vadhu cokkasa banAvavA. (7) prabhAvanA - jaina dharmanA pracAra-prasAra mATe hakArAtmaka pravRttio karavI. (8) vAtsalya - mokSanA Adarza mATe niHsvArtha niSThA ane e rIte A dhyeya hAMsala karavA mathatA sAdhu-sAdhvIo mATe anahada niSThA. 8.3 zrAvaka mATe pAMcamuM guNasthAnaka guNasthAnaka 5 mAM zrAvaka mATe svaicchika parityAganAM agiyAra Adarza sopAno samAviSTa che. emAM sauthI mahattvanuM sopAna che - zrAvaka mATe nirdezelA aNuvrato (Lower vows) levAnuM. alabatta A pAMceya aNuvrato bahu mahattvanAM che. e che (ka) ahiMsA- eka ke vadhu indriyo 11- parivAra-tyAga - gRhakAryomAM dekharekhano tyAga - potAnI saMpattino tyAga - gRhakAryothI virati - brahmacarya (mathuna-virati) - divasa daramiyAna indriyasaMgraha (AtmasaMyama) - bhojanamAM zuddhi - pavitra divasomAM upavAsa - samatvano abhyAsa - aNuvratonuM pAlana 1 - sAco dRSTikoNa guNasthAnaka 4thI citra 8.1 : zuddhIkaraNanA pAMcamA guNasthAnake pahoMcelA zrAvaka mATe svaicchika parityAganAM agiyAra Adarza sopAno.

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zuddhIkaraNa mATenA upAyo dharAvatA jIvone hAni, IjA na pahoMcADavI, (kha) satya - sAcuM bolavuM, (ga) acaurya(adattAdAna) - corI na karavI, (gha) brahmacarya - lagnetara maithuna saMbaMdha na rAkhavA. (Da) aparigraha - potAnI sAmagrImAM niyaMtraNa rAkhavuM. keTalAka vadhArAnA vrato A aNuvratone daDha kare che ane tenA pUraka bane che. vadhAre vigata mATe juo pI.esa.jainI (1979, pR.187) ane viliyamsa (1963). 8.4 guNasthAnaka che ane sAdhuo guNasthAnaka 6 mATe mahAvrato (Higher vows) pALavA paDe che, jemAM kaThora tapasyA karavI paDe che. uparyukta badhAM (ka) thI (Da) aNuvratonI vistRti ane vRddhi che, khAsa to temAM vyaktinI sAdhanasAmagrI ane mAlamatAno ane gRhastha jIvananA saMpUrNa tyAgano samAveza thAya che. tenuM ekaMdara dhyeya che - kArmika dravyamAM vadhAro kare evI pravRttionuM punarAvartana ane vyApa ghaTADavo, kAraNa enAthI navA kaSAyo udbhave che. have ApaNe sAdhusAdhvIoe karavAyogya AcAranuM vigatavAra nirUpaNa joIe. A badhAno hetu abhilASIne ucca dhyAnAvasthA mATe taiyAra karavAno che, jene pariNAme kArmika dravya chevaTe AtmA parathI dUra thAya ane mokSa prApta thAya. 1. gupti (Restraint): gupti traNa cheH kAyagupti, vacanagupti ane managupti. A traNeya guptithI kAyA, mana ane vacananA yoga uttarottara niyaMtrita thAya che, arthAta ekAgratA keLavavI ane je jarUrI nathI te TALavuM. 2. samiti (Carefulness) : vyaktinI pravRttiomAM hakArAtmaka sAvacetI dAkhavatI samiti pAMca prakAranI cheH (1) cAlatI vakhate nAnA jIvone IjA na thAya ke te marI na jAya te mATe jAgrati rAkhavI : IryA samiti (2) sAcuM bolavuM ane zakya teTaluM ochuM bolavuM: bhASAsamiti (3) gocarI evI rIte vahoravI ke jenAthI sva-ruci na vadhe : eSaNAsamiti (4) vastuo letAM-mUkatAM kALajI rAkhavI jethI koI jIvane khalela na pahoMce ke te kacarAI na jAya : AdAna nikSepana samiti

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA (5) thUMka, maLamUtra jevI utsarjana kriyAo karatI vakhate jIvone khalela na pahoMce tenI kALajI rAkhavI H pAriSThA vyutsarga pAnikA samiti. 3. dharma (Reighteousness) : A pravRttio dRDha karavA mATe vyakti dharmanA dasa niyamo pALe che. te dasa dharma che. 88 dasa dharma uttama kSamA : krodha na karavo, sahiSNutA, pUrNa dhairya uttama mArdava : vinamratA, abhimAna na karavuM. uttama Arjava : saraLatA, chaLa-kapaTa/mAyA nahi. uttama satya : satyanA guNanI paripUrNatA. uttama zaurya : pavitratA, lobhano abhAva. uttama saMyama : iMdriya ane prANIo pratye nigraha-bhAva uttama tapa : bAhya ane aMtaraMga tapano abhyAsa uttama tyAga : cetana ane acetana parigrahono tyAga uttama akiMcanya H svakIya ane mamatva-buddhino tyAga, aparigraha uttama brahmacarya : strI saMbaMdhI guNa-smaraNa, kathA-zravaNa, saMsarga Adino tyAga. 4. anuprekSA (Reflections) : vAraMvAra jenuM mAnasika ciMtana thAya che tene anuprekSA kahe che. anuprekSA bAra prakAranI che. praNAlIgata abhigamathI te nakArAtmaka jaNAya paraMtu citrabhAnu (1981)e temane vadhu hakArAtmaka rIte darzAvI che. ahIM ApaNe baMne abhigamane sAMkaLI laIzuM. bAra anuprekSAo nIce pramANe che : (1) vyaktinI AjubAjunuM badhuM nAzavaMta che, paNa temAMye badalAtA rahetA zarIramAM eka AtmA ja aparivartanazIla, kAyama che : anityatva (2) mRtyu sAme ApaNe asahAya, azaraNa chIe, paraMtu eka AMtarika

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89 zuddhIkaraNa mATenA upAyo adazya zakti satata cetanavaMta hoya che : azaraNatva (3) bhavobhavanA pherAmAMthI, punarjanmanuM cakra (4) A bhavacakra pasAra karato manuSya sAva ekalo hoya che. AthI teNe AtmanirbharatA keLavavI joIe : ekatva (5) AtmA ane zarIra alaga che. ApaNuM zarIra mAtra bhautika nathI tethI vizeSa che. ApaNe AtmAnA astitva dvArA jIvano sAco artha zodhavo joIe : anyatva (6) zarIra aneka apavitra padArthonuM baneluM che. bhautika rIte khUba AkarSaka zarIra paNa apavitra padArthonuM baneluM che ? azucitva (7) karmono Asrava kevI rIte thAya che tene dUra rahIne avalokana karavuM joIe : Asava (8) karmono Asrava kevI rIte rokI zakAya ? jyAre cAra kaSAyo vAvAjhoDAnI jema AvavAnA hoya tyAre teno praveza kevI rIte rokI zakAya? saMvara (karmakavaca) (9) AtmAne AvarI letA karmone kevI rIte dUra karI zakAya, jethI AtmAne zuddha svarUpa prApta thAya ane te mokSa prApta karI zake ? nirjarA (saMpUrNa karmakSaya) (10) A loka anAdi che. tenuM koI dvArA nirmANa thayuM nathI. pratyeka vyakti potAnI mukti mATe javAbadAra che, kAraNa tenI madada mATe koI Izvara nathI : loka (11) samyapha jJAna bhAgye ja prApta thAya che. kevaLa manuSyane ja e vizeSAdhikAra ane mokSa prApta karavAnI taka che : bodhidurlabha (12) tIrthakaronA upadezanuM satya, manuSyane potAnA sAcA svarUpane samajIne anaMta zAMti prApta karavAnA lakSya tarapha dorI jAya che : jene pathanI satyatA

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA pa. pariSaha-jaya (Afflictions Mastery): "pariSaha' no artha che - jAte utpanna thayelAM saMkaTo (vipattio). bhUkha, tarasa, garamI, ThaMDI, lAbha, alAbha, mAna, apamAna, DaMkha vagere bAvIsa pariSaho che. sAraNI 8.1 mAM vividha guNasthAnakomAM karavAnAM vrata ane abhyAso darzAvavAmAM AvyAM che. ahIM e dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM ke traNa guptio, pAMca samitio, daza dharma, bAra anuprekSA vagere sAmAnya mANasane spaSTa samaja ApavA mATe ja che. sAmAnyataH Adatavaza te AcAramAM mUkAya che ane jyAre AcAramAM mUkAya tyAre paNa kSatirahita ke paripUrNa nathI hotA. sAmAnya manuSya, zrAvaka khAsa divasoe upavAsa karavA jevA keTalAka tapa kare che. jo ke sAdhusAdhvIe to badhA samaye A mArgadarzanone zakya teTalI kSatirahita rIte AcAramAM mUkavA joIe. udAharaNa tarIke, sAdhuno AhAra sAmAnya manuSya karatAM ghaNo vadhAre maryAdita hoya che. sAraNI 8.1 guNasthAnako ane tene anurUpa abhyAsa guNasthAnaka abhyAsa 1-4 prazna : "koNa chuM?" uttara : vidhAna 1 thI 3, 4 a, 4 ba, 4 ka mAM zraddhA, vizvAsa (samyapha darzananA guNo(8)no abhyAsa) zrAvakanA agiyAra svaicchika tyAganA peTA tabakkA (sub-stages) (juo citra 8.1) gupti (3), samiti (5), dharma (10) anuprekSA (12), pariSaha-jaya (22) dharmadhyAna 8-10 zukla dhyAnanA prathama be prakArano abhyAsa 12-14 zukla dhyAnanA chellA be prakArano abhyAsa

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zuddhIkaraNa mATenA upAyo 8.5 uccatara guNasthAnaka ane dhyAna uccatara guNasthAnakomAM javA mATe vyaktie dharmadhyAna ane zukla dhyAna sahitanA ucca dhyAnano upayoga karavo paDe che. A bAbata muddA 8.4 mAM varNavelA dasa dharma heThaLanA vizeSa tapano bhAga che. dharmadhyAna(virtuous meditaton)mAM nIcenI bAbato para 48 miniTa sudhInuM UMDuM ciMtana samAviSTa che : 1. nava tattvo para jaina upadezo (AjJA) 2. anyone madadarUpa thavAnAM sAdhana (apAya) 3. kArmika nirjarA | visarjana (vipAka) 4. lokanI saMracanA (loka) evuM mAnavAmAM Ave che ke vyakti lagabhaga 48 miniTa sudhI UMDuM dhyAna (deep concentration) karI zake che. AvA samayagALAmAM pramAda dabAI jAya che ane sAdhaka thoDA samaya mATe, asthAyI rIte sAtamA guNasthAnake pahoMcI jAya che. sAdhaka dhyAna zarU karI ane pUruM thAya te gALAmAM te vArApharatI chaThThA ane sAtamAM guNasthAnako vacce hoya che. pramAdarahita A dhyAnane mokSa mATenI taiyArIrUpa mAnavAmAM Ave che, paNa tenAthI sUkSma kaSAyono uccheda thato nathI. AThamuM guNasthAnaka prApta thayA pachI ja ""abhUtapUrva AdhyAtmika pragati"thI mokSa sudhI pahoMcavAnA ucca sopAne pahoMcavAnI khAtarI thaI zake. A mAtra zukla dhyAna dvArA ja udbhavI zake che. zukla dhyAnanA cAra prakAra che : 1. cha dravyo(existents)nAM bahu-svarUpI pAsAo ane temanI prakRti vize zukla dhyAna. 2. eka dravyanA eka-svarUpI pAsA vize zukla dhyAna 3. sUkSma kriyAonI anubhavAtIta avasthA 4. parama sthiratAnI anubhavAtIta avasthA prathama be prakAranA zukla dhyAna AThamA, navamA ane dasamA guNasthAnakomAM thAya che, je daramiyAna no-kaSAyo ane khUba sUkSma kaSAyo

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA uttarottara dabAya che ke dUra thAya che (juo muddo 7.4). pariNAme AtmA sopAna caDhavA mATe pUratuM vIrya prApta kare che ane tethI dareka guNasthAnake kaSAya dabAvAne badale dUra thAya che. Ama, AtmA agiyAramuM guNasthAnaka TapI jaIne bAramA guNasthAnake pahoMcI jaze. have AtmAnuM zuddhIkaraNa tenI uccatama kakSAe hoya che, jethI te tatkALa "sayoga kevaLInA teramA guNasthAnake jAya che. mRtyunI thoDI kSaNo pahelAM, zukla dhyAnanA chellA be prakAro kramasara upayogamAM levAmAM Ave che ane tenAthI caudamAM guNasthAnake pahoMcavAnI, UlaTAvI na zakAya evI prakriyA thAya che. muddA 7.5 mAM darzAvyA pramANe A avasthA bhautika mRtyu pahelA vadhumAM vadhu 48 miniTa Take che. zukla dhyAnanA trIjA prakAra pachI zvAsocchavAsa, hRdayanA dhabakAra vagere jevI niyamabaddha kriyAo sivAya mana, vacana ane kAyAnI kriyAo saMpUrNapaNe baMdha thaI jAya che. cothA zukla dhyAna pachI to A badhI niyamabaddha kriyAo paNa aTakI jAya che ane AtmA mokSa prApta kare che. ahIM ApaNe hakArAtmaka dhyAnanuM nirUpaNa karyuM. nakArAtmaka dhyAna ke nakArAtmaka mAnasika avasthAo paNa hoya che. temAMnI eka che ArtadhyAna (Mournful meditation). te sagAvahAlAnA mRtyu ke kiMmatI vastuo khovAvA jevA prasaMgoe kazIka aNagamatI ghaTanAnuM UMDuM ciMtana te ArtadhyAna che. A mAnasika avasthA parezAnInI avasthA che. anya eka nakArAtmaka dhyAna che - raudradhyAna. hiMsA, mithyAvAda, corI, vyabhicAra ane potAnI cIjonI khUba jALavaNI jevI bAbato para dhyAna kendrita thayuM hoya te raudradhyAna che. AvI sthitio chaThThA guNasthAnaka sudhI TakI zake che. jainayoga para vadhu mAhitI mATe tAtiyA (1986) jovA bhalAmaNa che. 8.6 traNa ratno athavA ratnatraya (Gem-trio) ApaNAM vidhAnone TUMkamAM umAsvAtinA nIcenA eka vAkyamAM darzAvAya : "samyaga darzana, samyaga jJAna ane samyaga cAritra mokSano patha race che." ' i.

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zuddhIkaraNa mATenA upAyo mokSa 93 samyaga jJAna samyaga darzana samyaga cAritra citra 8.2 : jainadharmanAM traNa 'ratno" ane mokSa (citra 3.3no svastika A traNa ratnonI nIce doravAmAM Ave che.) (pariziSTa-3 ba, avataraNa 8.2), samyaga darzana, samyaga jJAna ane samyaga cAritrane jainapathanAM traNa ratno kahe che. A traNeya kramasara ja prApta thAya che. samyaga darzana cothA guNasthAnake prathama prApta thAya che. e pachI samyaga cAritra AThamA guNasthAnake prApta thAya che ane samyaga jJAna teramA guNasthAnake prApta thAya che. citra 8.2 A vicArone sArAMzarUpe, paMraparAgata pratIkAtmaka rIte darzAve che. te sAmAnyataH pUjAmAM vaparAya che. samAnyataH tenI nIce svastika doravAmAM Ave che, jenI cAra dizAo mananI avasthAo/jIvanI cAra gatio darzAve che. alabatta, muddA 7.2 mAM darzAvyA pramANe samyaga darzanamAM AtmAnuM astitva, kArmika dravya ane anya sAta tattvo, samyaga jJAnamAM temanI samaja ane samyaga cAritramAM tapa samAviSTa che (pariziSTa 3 ba, avataraNa 8.3).

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA samyaga jJAna anekAMtavAdane mahattva Ape che. evuM kahevAya che ke vikAsano krama che ''pahelA jJAna ane pachI karuNA'' (pariziSTa 3 ba, avataraNa 8.4). agAu varNavyA mujaba, samyaga cAritra eTale saMyama, paraMtu avicArI saMyamathI bahu vikAsa thaI na zake. kahevAyuM che ke ''jo samyaga jJAna vagarano koI manuSya mahine eka vAra mAtra ghAsanI aNI jeTalA AhAra para jIve topaNa ene maLavApAtra puNyano soLamo bhAga paNa na maLe'" (pariziSTa 3 ba, avataraNa 8.5). 94 - ahIM e noMdhavuM joIe ke vyavahAramAM cAra kaSAyonA vividha levalanI vyakti paranI asaro nIce mujaba hoya che H cAreya kaSAyonI kakSA 4 thI vyaktinuM darzana ke cAritra samyaga ke sAcuM na hoI zake. kakSA 3 thI darzana sAcuM hoya, paNa doSapUrNa cAritrano tyAga avarodhAya che. kakSA 2 thI pUrNa saMyamamAM avarodha Ave che, jo ke samyaga darzana ane AMzika saMyama prApta thAya che. kakSA 1 pUrNa saMyama thavA de che paraMtu dhyAna mATe thoDI udAsInatA rahe che ane kAyA mATe sUkSma rAga rahe che. kakSA 0 eTale saMpUrNa saMyamanI prApti. vadhumAM kArmika ghaTako nIce mujaba dUra thAya che H (ahIM muddA 5.4 nI saMketa paddhati vAparIzuM.) kArmika ghaTaka (a,) cothA guNasthAnaka para dUra thAya che ane (a,) bAramA guNasthAnake dUra thAya che. anya traNa mukhya ghaTaka (b), (c) ane (d) teramA guNasthAnake dUra thAya che. cAreya aghAtIya kArmika ghaTako caudamA guNasthAnakamAM mRtyu samaye ekasAthe dUra thAya che. ahIM e noMdhavuM joIe ke citra 5.4 mujaba vyaktinuM zuddhIkaraNa bahAranA laMbacorasathI zarU thAya che ane aMdaranI bAju tarapha jAya che. jyAre badhuM kArmika dravya dUra thaI jAya tyAre citra 5.4 mujaba eka sImAhIna khAlI kSetramAM parivartita thAya che, je AtmAnuM nirUpaNa che. AdhyAtmika pragatinI paraMparAgata samAnatA(analogy)e dUdhamAMthI ghI banAvavAnI kriyA che. sAraNI 8.2mAM tabakkA vAra sarakhAmaNI darzAve che. A AdhyAtmika avasthAo, sAraNI 8.2 nA chellA khAnAmAM darzAvelAM guNasthAnakone lagabhaga maLatA che.

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zuddhIkaraNa mATenA upAyo sAraNI 8.2 H ghI banAvavAnA tabakkAo sAthe guNasthAnakonI sarakhAmaNI ghI banAvavAnA tabakkAo sarakhAmaNI guNasthAnako 1. dUdhamAMthI ghI banAvavuM samyaga darzana mujaba zuddha AtmAnA astitvane jANavuM. 2. dUdha garama karavuM upavAsa karavA (tapa) 3. dUdha ThaMDuM karavuM mana zAMta karavuM (prAthamika dhyAna) 6 4.meLavaNa umeravuM samyaga jJAna meLavavuM w 5. 6 kalAka sudhI sthira rAkhavuM maunavrata levuM (samyaga cAritra) 6 6. mAkhaNa meLavavA valovavuM | ucca dhyAna karavuM 7-11 7. mAkhaNane agnithI agni = zukla dhyAna 12 garama karI ghI banAvavuM. ghI = zuddha AtmA 8.7 kAra calAvavAnI sAthe AdhyAtmika pragatinI sarakhAmaNI kAra calAvatA zIkhIne pAvaradhA thavAnI prakriyA sAthe vyaktinI cauda guNasthAnakomAM thatI AdhyAtmika pragatine sarakhAvI zakAya (maraDiyA, 1981). briTIza DrAiviMga TesTanAM dhoraNo mujaba vyakti kAra calAvavAmAM mAtra pAraMgata hoya e jarUrI nathI. TesTa pAsa karyA pachI paNa guNavattA sudhAratA rahevuM joIe. jo ke jIvananA saMdarbhe to vyakti mokSa pAme tyAM sudhI "zIkhAu' ja che. kArane mAtra vAhana tarIke prazaMsApAtra rIte nahi paraMtu eka upayogI mazIna tarIke evI rIte calAvavuM joIe ke calAvanArane ane

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vaLAMka hovA chatAM huM A Trakane ovaraTeka karI zakuM. (lobha) e nAnI gADI mArI 2olsa2oyasane ovaraTeka kare e nahi calAvuM. huM jhaDapa vadhArIza. (mAna) huM roDa para kabajo jamAvI dauM, mane sAcI spIDanI khabara che. (lobha) citra 8.3 : DrAIvaranA cAra Avezo huM ene mATe horna vagADuM ke enI tarapha lAITa pheMkuM ? (krodha) AjubAjumAM polIsa nathI DrAIva kevI rIte karavuM e ene batAvI dauM. (mAyA) 96 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA

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zuddhIkaraNa mATenA upAyo 97 anyane koI jokhama na thAya. e tabakkA guNasthAnako 1 thI 4 jevA che. je vyakti A vicAra mAne ane vyavahAramAM mUke te briTIza TesTa pAsa karI zake che. alabatta, te pachI teNe dakSa DrAivara banavA sudhArA karatAM rahevA ja joIe, sAdhunA pathanI jema ja. tyAra bAda kAra pUrA niyaMtraNamAM hoya tethI DrAivare jarUra na hoya chatAM acAnaka jhaDapa vadhAravI, jorathI breka mAravI, lAiTa labUka-jhabUka karavI ke horna vagADavuM vagere karavuM na paDe. citra 8.3 DrAivaranA cAra kaSAyo darzAve che. traNa guptio eTale mana, vacana ane kAyAnI kriyAo para uttarottara aMkuza jethI DrAivara sabhAnapaNe vicAryA vagara sahaja rIte kAryavAhI karI zake. sthiti 7 e samitinI prApti che, eTale ke arIso, InDIkeTaro, lAITo vagere jarUra paDye upayogamAM levA jethI anya DrAivara kharAba DrAivIMgathI parezAna na thAya. vaLI te pratyeka kSaNe sAvadhAna rahe jethI akasmAtanI vakI na hoya topaNa anyanA kharAba DrAivIMga samaye jarUrI pagalAM laI zake. sthitio 8 thI 12 daramiyAna Aveza ghaTe che ane dUra thAya che. A badhA doSo ane lAgaNIo jevI ke lAMbA TrAphika jAmamAM adhIrAI, vAraMvAra ovaraTeika thavAthI thatI vyAkuLatA nivAravI ghaNI agharI che. A Avezo manamAM dhUMdhavAyA kare ane kyAreka ja pragaTa thAya, kAraNa ke sAmAnyataH temanA para aMkuza rAkhelo hoya che. sthiti 13 mAM rastA para laghutama khatarAnI sthitie vyakti pahoMcI jAya che. sthiti 14 e pravRttio baMdha thavAnI zarUAta che eTale ke kArano upayoga na karavAthI khatarA tarapha dorI janArA badhAM ja paribaLo dUra thAya che. jayAre enjina cAlu hoya paNa kAra sthira hoya tyAre AmAMnI koI kriyA thatI nathI eTale ke yoga nathI hoto. ahIM e yAda rAkhavuM ke A saMpUrNa sAdezyatA nathI. ApaNe pAMca samitiono upayoga paNa A ja sarakhAmaNIthI darzAvI zakIe. kAra calAvatA rastA paranAM pakSIo, sasalAM vagerene athaDAI na javAya tenuM dhyAna rAkhavuM te pahelI samiti che. DrAivIMga karatAM khalela na paDe mATe vAtacIta ochI karavI e bIjI samiti jevuM che. nazo karIne DrAivIMga na karavuM, e rIte pUrI ekAgratA jALavavI e trIjI samiti barAbara che. kAra zarU karatAM pahelAM ane pArkiMganI jagA zodhatI

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98 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA vakhate koI bALaka ke prANI athaDAya nahi te mATe AjubAju joI levuM e cothI samiti jevuM che. kAramAMthI nIkaLatA dhumADAthI lokone asara na thAya te mATe sAMkaDI jagAmAM kAra enjina cAlu rAkhavAnuM TALavuM e chellI samiti barAbara che. noMdha 1. pI.esa.jainI, pR.252-3, "dharmadhyAnamAM TUMkA gALAnA (aDatAlIsa miniTa sudhInA) gADha ciMtanano samAveza thAya che. temAM keTalIka bAbatomAMthI eka para ciMtana karavAmAM Ave che: (1) navatattva para jinanA upadezo ane A upadezo (AjJAvicaya)ne sArAmAM sArI kaI rIte jaNAvI zakAya. (2) jemanA mana kaSAyothI gherAyelA che ane je ajJAnanA kAraNe vivekazUnya thayA che ane jenA dvArA AvA jIvone bacAvI zakAya (apAyaricaya); Agnava, karmabaMdha, teno samayagALo, tenI phalazrutinI gUDha, rahasyamaya kAryavAhI, AtmA mULabhUta rIte A badhI kAryavAhIthI svataMtra che te hakIkata ane tethI potAne tenAthI mukta karI zake che (vipAkavicaya); (4) lokanI saMracanA (baMdhAraNa) ane AtmAone temanA khAsa prArabdha para laI javAnAM kAraNonI pArasparika kriyA (saMsthAnavicaya).

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9. jaina tarkazAstra jainono vizvAsa che ke AtmA jeTalo zuddhatara hoya teTaluM tenuM jJAna, darzana, sukha ane vIryanuM stara uccatara hoya che. mAtra kevaLajJAnathI ja nava tattva tathA vAstavikatAnA saMpUrNa satyano bodha thAya che. jo ke ApaNane anya cAra prakAranA jJAna thAya che H 1. indriyo ane mananI sahAyathI utpanna thatuM jJAna (matijJAna), 2. Agamo(jJAnanA kSetramAM uccatama pramANa)thI thatuM jJAna (zrutajJAna), 3. avadhijJAna ane 4. bIjAnA mananI vAta jANavI (mana:paryavajJAna). jevI rIte vyakti sAmAnyataH vizeSajJoe puravAra karelAM vijJAnanAM pratipAdano svIkArI le athavA vyakti dareka pratipAdana pote cakAse che. AvuM ApaNe kyAreka ja karI zakIe chIe. jo ke keTalAka buddhigamya, svIkRta siddhAMto hoya ane jemAM sudhArAne avakAza hoya to vyakti temane koI paNa tapAsa mATe apanAvI zake, ahIM ApaNe jaina tarkazAstranA keTalAka mukhya siddhAMto joIe, jenAthI ApaNane evA praznonA uttara maLI zake jenA viSayamAM pUrNa nizcita ke anizcita rUpamAM kaMI kahI na zakAya. ahIM e noMdhavuM ghaTe ke kaNa bhautikazAstranA saMbaMdhita hAlanA siddhAMta (juo prakaraNa 10) A prakAranA siddhAMta para atyadhika AdhArita che. jainoe jJAna ane jJAna-prApti mATe vilakSaNa, asAdhAraNa siddhAMtano vikAsa karyo che. A eka bahu jaTila viSaya che, paNa saMkSiptamAM tenI rUparekhA joIe. (tattvArthasUtra, anuvAda : tAtiyA, prakaraNa 1 ane 5; 1994). vyApaka rIte kahIe to, A viSayanA traNa mahattvanA muddA che : 1. pramANa (jJAnanAM aMgo / jJAnanAM svIkRta sAdhano) 2. naya (daSTikoNo / dArzanika dRSTikoNo)

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100 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA 3. anekAMtavAda (samagratA para AdhArita siddhAMta), jemAM sAdvAda (sApekSa kathana) eka anivArya vijJAnanA aMga che. koI vastu vizenuM jJAna be prakriyAo dvArA meLavI zakAya : (1) AMzika prakriyA ane (2) samagra prakriyA. samagra prakriyAne 'pramANa" (jJAnanAM aMgo) kahe che. A prakriyA mAtra nirIkSaNa, avalokana prakriyAne ja nahi paraMtu mAnasika Akalana(avabodha)ne pramANabhUta, vizvasanIya TharAve che. A prakriyA bhautika temaja mAnasika prakriyAo sAthe saMkaLAyelI hovAthI A prakriyAo vastunI samagratA darzAve che. AMzika prakriyAne "naya" kahe che. A prakriyAmAM vastuno abhyAsa koI eka samaye eka ja pAsAthI karavAmAM Ave che. abhyAsa ghaNAM pAsAMthI thaI zake eTale naya paNa aneka hoI zake. Ama chatAM tenAthI vastunuM samagra citra maLatuM nathI. jJAnanAM aMgo (pramANa) be prakAranAM che : (1) pratyakSa ane (2) parokSa. pratyakSa pramANanA be bheda che : a. indriya pratyakSa ane ba. atIndriya pratyakSa. indriyajanya jJAnamAM smRti, abhijJAna (pratyabhijJAna), saha-astitva ane anumAnanI prakriyAono samAveza thAya che. ahIM e noMdha levI ke nIce Apela anumAnAtmaka, paMcAvayava tarka (Syllogism) e anumAnanAM aMga che. jaina siddhAMtanI mAnyatA anusAra avadhijJAna, mana:paryavajJAna ane kevaLajJAna e atIndriya pratyakSa jJAna che. pramukha Agama graMtho parokSa jJAnanA mukhya srota che. koI paNa pratyakSa jJAna je maukhika rIte, zabdo dvArA vyakta karavAmAM Ave te parokSa jJAnanA srota che. AvA jJAnanA vargIkaraNa mATe juo tattvArthasUtra (anuvAda : tAtiyA, 1994 pR.15). koI vastunI kramika ane saMpUrNa samaja mATe naya AdhAra tarIke kAma kare che. A be rIte zakya che : 1. vastunAM lakSaNo ke guNonA AdhAre ane 2. vastunAM lakSaNo vizenI zAbdika abhivyaktinA AdhAre. teo vastunA samagra citrathI zarU karIne tenA guNo temaja tenA vizenI zAbdika abhivyaktithI AkharI, aMtima citra sudhI jAya che. A pramANe jainadharmamAM sAta prakAranA naya darzAvAya che: 1. sAmAnya vyaktino daSTikoNa (nagama naya),

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jaina tarkazAstra 101 2. samagra jUthane lAgu paDato dRSTikoNa (saMgraha naya) 3. vyavahAru dRSTikoNa (vyavahAra naya) 4. raikhika dRSTikoNa (rakhika naya, RjusUtra naya) 5. zAbdika dRSTikoNa (zabda naya) 6. vyutpattijanya daSTikoNa (samabhiruDha naya) 7. vAstavika dRSTikoNa (evaMbhUta naya) A badhA nayanuM samayanA saMdarbhe arthaghaTana thaI zake. pahelo naya traNe kALa darzAve che, jyAre raikhika naya vartamAna kSaNa darzAve che. evaMbhUta naya mAtra vartamAna kALa ane vartamAna kSaNa darzAve che. Ama, jJAna A badhA nayanAM khAsa pAsAonA saMdarbhe sthULathI sUkSma tarapha AgaLa vadhe che. have ApaNe jaina tarkazAstranA keTalAka viziSTa siddhAMto joIe. 9.2 anumAnAtmaka tarka | sUkSma tarka ApaNe prathama jaina anumAnAtmaka tarkanA pAMca avayavo para vicAra karIzuM. jainonI madhyama paMcapadImAM pAMca kathana ke pratijJAo hoya che. udAharaNa tarIke, 1. Toma maraNa pAmyo, Dika maraNa pAmyo ane te rIte herI paNa mRtyu pAmyo. 2. Toma, Dika ane herI kharekhara sarvasAdhAraNa prakAranA mANaso che. 3. AthI, badhA mANaso mare. 4. jahona eka mANasa che. madhyama anumAnAtmaka tarkanA chellAM traNa padane, erisToTalanA anumAnAtmaka tarka tarIke oLakhI zakAya, je thaze : mANasa maraNazIla che. jahona eka mANasa che. AthI, jahona maraNazIla che.

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102 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA madhyama anumAnAtmaka tarka tarkasaMgata vicAraNAnI AgamanAtmaka (inductive) ane nigamana (deductive) rItone spaSTa rIte sAMkaLe che. hakIkatamAM, e vaijJAnika ke AMkaDAzAstrIya vicAraNAnA mukhya tabakkA pratibiMbita kare che. pahelAM be padane vastInAM avalokano gaNI zakAya ane trIjA padane avalokano parathI anumAna tAravavAnuM gaNI zakAya. chellAM be pada eka navA avalokanano vistAra (prakSepa) Ape che. prayogasiddha tarkazAstra e vaijJAnika paddhationo AdhAra che ane tene koI paNa vaijJAnika prayogomAM najaraaMdAja karavuM na joIe. hakIkatamAM, anumAnAtmaka tarka, jyAre pAMceya avayava ekabIjA sAthe saMvAdI hoya tyAre sAco, yathArtha kahevAya. uparanA dRSTAMtanA pAMca avayava che : (1) jahona marI jaze. (2) kAraNa ke jahona eka mANasa che. (3) Toma, Dika ane herInI jema. (4) kAraNa e badhA marI gayA che. (5) AthI te maraze. eka tarka jo tenA pAMca avayavamAMno koI eka ApaNAM avalokano sAthe visaMvAdI thAya tyAre e tarka bhUlabharelo tarka (AbhAsa) bane che. 9.3 : syAdvAda, pAristhitika kathanano siddhAMta (Conditional Predi cation Principle) A paddhatinI anya eka mahattvanI viziSTatA che - syAdvAda ke sApekSavAdano siddhAMta. temAM anumAna, niSkarSane sAta naya(saptabhaMgI naya)thI tapAsavAmAM Ave che. (1) e che (eka nayathI); (2) e nathI; (3) e che ane nathI;

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jaina tarkazAstra (4) e asaMdigdha che. (5) e che ane asaMdigdha che. (6) e nathI ane e asaMdigdha che. (7) e che, e nathI ane e asaMdigdha che. e noMdhavuM ke tamAma kathanomAM anizcitatAnA thoDA aMza che ane sAta kathanomAM pratyekane naya kahI zakAya, kAraNa ke te eka vastunI eka bAju, eka pAsuM darzAve che. kathana(1)ne TrAphika lAiTanA seTamAMnA ''lIlA raMga'' tarIke joI zakAya, kathana(2) ne ''lAla raMga''. enuM khAsa lakSaNa che (4), je asaMdigdhatAnI zakyatA eTale ke ''pILo raMga'' sUcave che. anya kathano e (1) ane (2) nA (4) sAthenAM saMyojano che. 'saMbhavataH' e 'syAta' zabdanuM sAruM arthaghaTana nathI. bIjuM arthaghaTana che - ''eka naya pramANe.'' 1. + 2. 3. + 4. ? 5. +) +? - ? 6. 7. + ? = = = 31=1 = = = 103 saMbhavataH, e che (eka naya pramANe) saMbhavataH, e nathI. saMbhavataH, e che ane e nathI. saMbhavataH, e asaMdigdha che. saMbhavataH, e che ane e asaMdigdha che. saMbhavataH, e nathI ane e asaMdigdha paNa che. saMbhavataH, e che ane e nathI ane e asaMdigdha paNa che. citra 9.1 sAta paristhitika kathanonuM yojanAbaddha nirUpaNa. = gADhA moTA akSaro, moTA akSaro, ? = ---- iTAlika moTA akSaro) Ama, ApaNe guNAtmaka nirNaya karI zakIe. eka yojanAbaddha AkRti citra 9.1 mAM ApelI che. ApaNe jANIe chIe ke nirIkSaNanI pratyeka kriyAmAM nirIkSaka saMkaLAyelo hoya che. uparano siddhAMta nirIkSaka vagara jJAna meLavavA prayatna kare che, paNa temAM thoDI bhUla thavAnI zakyatA che.

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104 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA koThArI(1975)e sUcavyuM che ke kvonTama mikeniksa (Quantum Mechanics)nA siddhAMtanuM adhyAropaNa syAdvAdanA dRSTAMta para prakAza pADe che. dhAro ke kvonTama mikeniksa mATe Kets (a) 1 c > (b) 1 c" > koI paNa nirIkSaNa avasthA << nI Aijana avasthAo (eigen states) che. sAthosAtha e paNa mAnI lo ke A sIsTama mATe asaMdigdha avasthAne (c) 1P> = 1> + 1 g"] a' > dvArA darzAvI zakAya. citra 9.1 nI pAribhASika zabdAvalImAM ApaNe uparyukta parimANone nIce mujaba oLakhIe : | (a) by +, (b)by -, ane (c) by = ? bharUcA(1993)e syAdvAdanI "satya-sAraNI' (truth-table) ane kvaoNnTama tarkazAstra prastuta karyA che. 9.4 sApekSa samagratAno siddhAMta (anekAMtavAda) ApaNe praznanAM upa-aMgo sApekSa kathana dvArA jovAnI rItonuM varNana karyuM. Ama chatAM, jJAnane anumAnAtmaka tarkanA vAraMvAranA upayoga sAthe saMyojita karavAnuM che. prathama nIcenuM udAharaNa dhyAnamAM lo. cha aMdha mANasone jANavuM che ke hAthI kevI jAtanI vastu che. dareka hAthInA judA judA bhAgane sparze che (juo citra 9. 2). citra 9.2 jaina samagratAno siddhAMta hAthI ane cha aMdha mANaso (citramAM pAMca darzAvyA che.) eka mANasa tenA pagane sparze che ne kahe che, "te eka thAMbhalo che." eka tenI sUMDhane sparze che ne kahe che, "te eka pAIpa che". eka mANasa tenA eka kAnane sparze che ne kahe che, "te eka sUpaDuM che", ityAdi. Ama dareka abhiprAya alaga che. AthI jo hAthI kevA prakAranI vastu che te jANavuM hoya to ApaNe tene badhI bAjuthI jovo joIe. hAthInA A udAharaNanA saMdarbhamAM, indriyajanya nirIkSaNanA bhAga, sparzano upayoga pramANa, pratyakSa pramANano samAveza thAya che. dareka aMdha mANasa nayanI zreNI heThaLa udAharaNa race che. (A vArtA prathama to pazcimamAM je. jI. sAkSe(18161871)nA kAvyathI pracalita thayelI jaNAya che; maraDiyA(1991)e pUruM kAvya noMdhyuM che.)

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jaina tarkazAstra A vAvalavA mATeno paMkho che te eka pAIpa che are A to mAtra rassIno TukaDo che eka zAMbhalo oha ghaNA thAMbhalA che. hob citra 9.2 : jaina samagratAnA siddhAMtanuM nirUpaNa : hAthI ane cha aMdha manuSyo (citramAM mAtra pAMca darzAvyA che.)

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106 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA A dRSTAMta jaina samagratAnA siddhAMta(anekAntavAda)nuM nirUpaNa kare che ApaNe have vAstavika daSTAMta mATe lAgu karIe. nIcenAM pAristhitika kathano para vicAra karo : 1. pRthvI goLa hoI zake. 2. pRthvI goLa na hoI zake. 3. pRthvI goLa hoI zake athavA na hoI zake. 4. pRthvIno AkAra anizcita hoI zake. 5. pRthvI goLa hoI zake athavA anizcita AkAranI hoI zake. 6. pRthvI goLa na hoI zake athavA anizcita AkAranI hoI zake. 7. pRthvI goLa hoI zake athavA na hoI zake athavA anizcita AkAranI hoI zake. ApaNane evA tAraNa paNa maLaze ke vaizcika dRSTikoNathI pRthvI goLa che, paraMtu sthAnika dRSTikoNathI te goLa nathI. A ja prakAranuM tAraNa maMgaLa ane zukra mATe maLI zake. AthI badhA graho mATe A ja sAcuM hoI zake. | navo graha ke jenA A ja guNadharmo hoya tene anumAnAtmaka tarka lagAvIne ApaNe tAraNa kADhI zakIe ke vaizcika dRSTikoNathI e graha goLa che. paraMtu sthAnika dRSTikoNathI have goLa nathI. Ama, ApaNe sApekSa samagratAnA siddhAMte pahoMcIe chIe. sApekSa (pAristhitika) kathana dareka vastune lAgu karIe tyAre te, maNakA jevA che, jene samagratAnA siddhAMtanA dorAthI joDI zakAya che. 9.5 vicAravimarza ahIM ApaNe jaina tarkazAstra ane darzananA mAtra alpAMzanuM nirUpaNa karyuM che. ahIM e dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM ke samagratAnuM bahuvidha) pAsuM e taMtrano mukhya muddo che ane te sAmAnyataH svarUpamImAMsA (ontology) ne lagatA praznone lAgu karavAmAM Ave che. pratyeka dravyanAM traNa pAsAM hoya che

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jaina tarkazAstra 107 : dravya, guNa ane rUpa (mode). uparAMta dareka ekapakSIya pAsA mATe dareka paristhitimAM cAra paribaLo mahattvanAM hoya cheH 1. viziSTa vastu, 2. tenuM viziSTa kSetra, 3. teno viziSTa samaya ane 4. tenI viziSTa avasthA, anekAMtavAda vastuone tenA bahupakSIya, bahuvidha pAsAothI jovAno prayatna kare che. vyavahAramAM, A siddhAMtano artha e thAya ke vyaktie AtyaMtika, ativAdI dRSTikoNa TALavo joIe ane saMkucita dRSTikoNane badale vyApaka dRSTikoNa apanAvavo joIe. matilAla(1981)nI dalIla che ke anekAMtavAda saMzleSaNanuM darzana che. eno sAra, vividha dArzanika zAkhAonA dRSTikoNo athavA dhAraNAo suspaSTa karavAmAM rahelo che. dArzanika kAryavidhi tarIke e be rIte thAya che H 1. nayavAdano siddhAMta ane 2. sApekSa kathana siddhAMta. anekAMtavAda prerita parimANAtmaka abhyAsa mATe ApaNe hArlDana(1957)no saMdarbha laIe. temAM ApaNI paddhati pAvalovanA jevA vidyA-prAptinA prayogomAM kevI rIte lAgu karI zakAya te darzAvyuM che. maraDiyA (1975, 1988) anya keTalAMka pAsAo darzAve che, jemAM kArla popara (1968) sAthe jaina tarkazAstranA saMbaMdhano samAveza thAya che. kArla popara dAvAthI kahe che ke ApaNI pAse nirapekSa, saMpUrNapaNe sAcA vaijJAnika niyamo na hoI zake. vizada nirUpaNa mATe tAtiyA(1984)no saMdarbha levo; jaina paMcAvayava mATe juo je. ela. jainI (1916). jaina daSTikoNonuM mahalanobisa(1954)nA nIcenA avataraNathI samApana karIzuM: AkharamAM, huM jaina darzananA vAstavika ane anekatvavAdI dRSTikoNo ane vAstavikatAnA bahurUpa ane anaMtapaNe vibhinnatAvALAM pAsAo paranA atUTa jhoka tarapha ApanuM dhyAna dorIza. te vizvano mukta dRSTikoNathI, anaMta parivartana ane khoja sahita svIkAra kare che.

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10. jaina dharma ane Adhunika vijJAna 10.1 samarUpatAo jaina dharmane mAtra dharma kahevo e khoTI rajUAta che kAraNa te "jIva ane ajIva' sahitanA samagra brahmAMDane eka ekIkRta vaijJAnika AdhAra ApavAno prayAsa kare che. Ama, te eka samagra vijJAna che jemAM dharma sahitanI tamAma vastuo samAviSTa che. A yugamAM vijJAnanA mukhya yogadAna ane temanI jaina dharma sAthenI sAmyatAo nIce darzAvI che (maraDiyA, 1988 ba). A vivaraNa daramiyAna e khAsa khyAlamAM rAkhavuM ke jaina vijJAna guNAtmaka che. jo ke jaina vijJAna ghaNI bAbatomAM Adhunika vijJAnathI paNa AgaLa jAya che, paraMtu temanI vacce bhAgye ja visaMvAditA thAya che. (1) kaNa bhautika vijJAna ane kvonTama siddhAMta mAtra A sadI daramiyAna ja TeknolojImAM eTalI pragati thaI che ke have paramAvIya prakriyAo ane prAthamika kaNono abhyAsa ane tenI vistRta samaja zakya banI che. jo ke e noMdhavuM rasaprada raheze ke jainoe temanA vicAro kadAca thoDA AgaLa vikasAvIne kAmaNo(karmons)nI saMkalpanA vikasAvI che. AvA kaNo astitva dharAve che ke nahi te vivAdAspada hoI zake, paraMtu te sva-niyaMtrita vizva ane temAMnA jIvana sAthe baMdha bese che. kvaoNnTama siddhAMta saMbhAvanAtmaka che. ghaNA kissAomAM te anekAMtavAda(juo prakaraNa 9)nA jaina siddhAMtanI ghaNI najIka che. A siddhAMta e aMzataH saMbhAvanAtmaka siddhAMta che je vijJAnanA saMkSiptIkaraNa (reductionistic) siddhAMta sAthe joDAyelo che. jaino A siddhAMtamAM samagratAnA siddhAMtathI pUravaNI karaze (juo prakaraNa 9). vartamAna

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110 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA samayamAM vijJAna A be siddhAMtonI vacce gatimAna che. jo ke evA dAvAo che ke vizva evA tattvonuM baneluM che jenuM astitva AtmA(mAnavIya cetanA)thI svataMtra che : A dAvA kvaoNnTama siddhAMta ane prayogasiddha hakIkato(juo da'espagnaTa, 1979)thI virodhI che. kvaoNnTama siddhAMtanA moDelomAM caitanya ghaTako dAkhala karavAnA prayAso paNa thayA che (juo jahana, 1982). kvaoNnTama siddhAMta ane vAstavikatAnA viSayanI prathama prastAvanAM tarIke gemo(1965) ane gribIna (1984)nA saMdarbha jovA vinaMtI che. (2) utkrAMti chellI sadImAM, jIvavijJAne hAMsala karelI sauthI moTI siddhi che DArvinano utkrAMtivAda. e noMdhavuM rasaprada che ke jIvonA kArmika dravyanA ghanatvane kAraNe eka jIva utkrAMtithI AgaLa jAya che ane samagra sarjanane AvarI levAno prayAsa kare che. te vyaktigata prakrama tarIke jIvanI utkrAMtinA mULabhUta praznano uttara ApavA prayAsa kare che. (3) padArtha ane UrjAnI vinimayazIlatA AlbarTa AinsTAinanA krAMtikArI vicAromAMno eka sauthI mahattvano dAvo hato ke padArtha UrjAmAM ane UrjA padArthamAM rUpAMtarita thaI zake, eTale ke padArtha ane UrjA vinimayazIla che. A vicAra jaino pAse to sadIothI che. A ghaTanAne varNavavA 'pudgala' zabda vaparAya che (juo prakaraNa 4). A zabdamAM e spaSTa che ke padArtha ane UrjA e eka ja sikkAnI be bAjuo che. ApaNe jANIe chIe ke grIka bhASAmAM A ghaTanAne varNavavA koI paribhASA nathI ane tethI evI koI vaijJAnika abhivyakti nathI. pariNAme vijJAnamAM A gahana saMkalpanA mATe dravyamAna-UrjA (mass-energy) zabdano upayoga karI zakAya. (4) mULabhUta baLo (Fundamental forces) vartamAna samayamAM vijJAna cAra mULabhUta baLone svIkAre che : gurutvIya baLa, vidyutacuMbakIya baLa, maMda(durbaLa) nyuklIyara baLa ane prabaLa nyuklIyara baLa. A badhAM baLone ghaTADIne mAtra eka baLa

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11 1 jaina dharma ane Adhunika vijJAna mahAbaLa' (super force) karavAnA saMzodhano cAlu che. jainonuM kArmika baLa/prANa saMcAraNa baLa eka vadhArAnuM baLa che jeno vizeSa abhyAsa Avazyaka che. te kadAca padArtha para manano prabhAva jevI vividha abhautika ghaTanAo samajAvI zake. jo AvAM baLo astitvamAM hoya to, A baLanA aMtahita kaNo e kAmaNo che, je sajIvamAM zoSAvAne kAraNe sUkSma, gUDha (subtle) guNadharmo dharAve che. AthI temanI bhALa meLavavI ghaNI muzkela prakaraNa 4 mAM ApaNe joyuM ke be jaina dravyo - dharma ane adharmanegatizIla baLa ane sthira baLa tarIke mAnI zakAya je AtmA ane padArthamAM anyonya kriyA-asamAna gati (interaction-non-uniform motion) ane vizrAMta avasthA (samAna gatimAM ?) thavA de che. A kadAca "mahAbaLa' mATe guNAtmaka javAba hoI zake. jI.Ara.jaina(1975) adharmane avakAza abhautika Ithara sAthe ekarUpa gaNe che, jayAre dharmane gurutvIya ane vidyutacuMbakIya baLonA ekIkRta baLa samAna gaNe che. A bAbatonuM have ApaNe vigatavAra nirUpaNa karIzuM. 10.2 Adhunika kaNa bhautika vijJAna e jANItuM che ke ogaNIsamI sadInA aMtamAM je. je. thomsane ilekTronanI zodha karI te pachI rAsAyaNika tattvomAMnA paramANu jevA ghaTako mATe vadhu saMzodhano karavA preryA. I.sa. 1910nA arasAmAM rUdharaphorDa ane temanA sAthIoe sauprathama zodhyuM hatuM ke paramANamAM ilekTrono ane eka paramANukendra (nucleus) hoya che. nyuklIyasamAM nyUrona (neuron) ane proTona(proton) hoya che jene saMyuktarUpamAM nyuklIona (neucleon) kahe che. e to vidita che ke IlekTrona e RNa vidyutabhAra dharAvatA kaNa che (bhAra = -1) ane nyUTrona koI bhAra dharAvatA nathI, eTale ke te vidyutIya rIte taTastha che. hAiDrojana, sauthI saraLa paramANusaMracanA dharAvatuM rAsAyaNika tattva che. hAiDrojanamAM eka ilekTrona ane eka proTIna hoya che. jo ke hAiDrojananA samasthAniko (isotopes)mAM eka ke be nyUrona hoI zake, jenAthI tenA rAsAyaNika guNadhamoMmAM koI pheraphAra thato nathI. rAsAyaNika sthiratA mATe,

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112 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA ilekTronanI saMkhyA jeTalI ja proTonanI saMkhyA hovI joIe. 1970nA dAyakAmAM 52mANusaMracanA saMdarbhe saMjogo badalAI gayA (juo citra 10.1). have prAthamika kaNo (elementary particles)nA traNa grupa che : kvArka, lepTona ane gaoNja baoNsaoNna. temAMthI baoNsaoNna bAkInA be kaNo eTale ke kvArka ane lepTona mATe guMdara jevI racanA kare che. kvArka 2/3, 1/3, -1/3 ane -2/3 evo AMzika bhAra dharAve che jyAre lepTona 0 ke -1 bhAra dharAve che. A rIte kvArka ane lepTona ekabIjAthI judA paDe che. vaLI, baoNsaoNna anya baMnethI juduM paDe che, kAraNa ke kvArka ane lepTona 1/2 pracakraNa (spin) dharAve che, jyAre baoNsaoNna 1 pracakraNa dharAve che. ilekTrona e -1 bhAra dharAvatA lepTonanuM udAharaNa che. nyUTronano bhArarahita lepTonanuM udAharaNa che. kvArka be ke traNanA jhUmakhAmAM astitva dharAve che. proTonanI jema traNa kvArka hoI zake. traNa kvArka dharAvatA jUthane ''beriona'" (baryon) kahe che ane khAsa saMjogomAM maLatA mAtra be kvArko dharAvatA jUthane ''mesona'' (meson) kahe che. bIjA kissAmAM eka kvArka sAthe eka enTIkvArka hoI zake. mesonanuM saraLatama udAharaNa che 'dhana pAyona', jemAM eka kvArka sAthe eka enTIkvArka hoya che. ahIM e dhyAna rAkhavuM ke ilekTronanI jema ja kvArkane saMracanA vagaranAM pUrNa biMdu tarIke AkAravAmAM Ave che. nIce darzAvelA guNadharmothI prAthamika kaNone alaga pArakhI zakAya che : (1) bhAra athavA bhArarahita (raMga) (2) dravyamAna (3) pUrNana (mULabhUta koNIya Avega) (4) jIvanakALa (5) baLa (cAra prakAra, juo muddo 10.3) -

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jaina dharma ane Adhunika vijJAna 113 vidyutacumbakIya baLa -::-- ilekTrona nyuklIyasa (juo citra 10.1 ba) citra 10.1 a : hAiDrojana paramANu jemAM eka ilekTrona che, eka nyuklIyasa che ane prabaLa nyuklIyara baLa che. klArka yugma prabaLa baLa mIsaoNna proTona nyUTrona citra 10.1 ba : hAiDrojana paramANunA ava-paramANuka kaNa : nyUTrona, ane potAnA mesono ane klArko sAthe proTona.

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114 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA e dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM ke beriona sauthI vadhu dravyamAna dharAve che ane lepTona sauthI ochuM dravyamAna dharAve che. baoNsaoNna e bethI madhyama dravyamAna dharAve che. klArka cha svAda, soDama (flavour) ane traNa raMga dharAve che. e yAda rAkhavuM ke A svAda ane raMga mAtra sAMketika che. A cha svAdamAM sauthI mahattvanA che: "up" ane "down" (kvArkanI sauthI halakI joDI mATe). jo up-kvArtha mATe "pa" ane down- klArka mATe "a" saMjJA hoya to pratikaNa (anti-particle) mATe anukrame "gha" ane "a" anurUpa saMjJA thAya. eka dhana pAyona mATe kyAM to pad athavA ud thAya. traNa raMgo che - lAla, lIlo ane vAdaLI. A traNeya vidyutIya raMgo che. 10.3 kudaratamAMnAM cAra baLo kudaratamAM cAra prakAranAM baLa hoya che : gurutvIya baLa, vidyutacuMbakIya baLa, durbaLa nyuklIyara baLa ane prabaLa nyuklIyara baLa. A badhAM baLa goja baoNsaoNna dvArA kArya kare che evuM mAnavAmAM Ave che. be skeTara (barapha para sarakanArA) ekabIjA sAme bhAre snobola (baraphanA goLA) nAkhatA hoya tevI rIte goja baoNsaoNna dvArA kaNo ekabIjAne asara kare che. udAharaNa tarIke, be ilekTrona (skeTaro) mATe, phoTona (snobola) eka ilekTronane bIjA ilekTronanI hAjarI vize kahe che ane pachI pratibhAva ApavA prere che : A che vidyutacuMbakIya baLa (juo citra 10.28). bahirgAmI ilekTrona bahirgAmI ilekTrona phoTona aMtargAmI / ilekTrona aMtargAmI ilekTrona citra 10.2 a : be ilekTrona ane temanA anukrame patha : vidyutacuMbakIya baLa goja baoNsaoNna "phoTaoNna'(vAMkIcUMkI rekhA)nI sAthe

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115 jaina dharma ane Adhunika vijJAna be skeTaro A ane B (citra 10.2 ba)nA kissAmAM, skeTara A skeTara B para snobola (phoTona) paraspara pheMke (utsarjita kare) che. skeTara B, je khacakAze (durbaLa baLa), ne pachI snobolanuM vighaTana thaze (zoSAze.) A badhAM phainamenanAM rekhAcitro che. skeTara A skeTara B snobola skeTara A skeTara B citra 10.2 ba : paraspara snobola pheMkatA be skeTara. nyuklIyasamAM eka proTona ane eka nyUTrona vacce lAgatA prabaLa nyuklIyara baLa (juo citra 10.1)ne yAda karo. prabaLa nyuklIyara baLa beriono vacce eka raMgIna gluona dvArA kArya kare che (juo citra 10.3). lA. vA. gluona lI. citra 10.3 :kvArkonI sAthe beriono (goLamAM lA.=lAla, lI.=lIlo, vA.=vAdaLI) ane goja baoNsaoNno-gluono (vAMkIcUMkI rekhA)nI sAthe prabaLa nyukalIyara baLa. beriono prabaLa baLa anubhave che, jyAre lepTono A baLa anubhavatAM nathI, kAraNa ke temane raMga hoto nathI. baLavALA kvArko

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116 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA gluona(gluon) phelAve, visarjita kare che; jo ke jema jema te bahAra nIkaLe tema tema temaNe potAno raMga niSprabhAvI karavo paDe; e mATe gluona UrjAonuM, pArakhI zakAya tevA kaNo, mukhyatve mesona dvArA rUpAMtara kare che. durbaLa nyuklIyara baLa reDiyo vikiraNa(Radioactivity)mAM raheluM hoya che. kaNo Z ane (W, W ) e durbaLa nyuklIyara baLanA vidyutabhArita ane taTastha rUpa mATenA goja baoNsaoNna che (juo citra 10.4). nyUTrona phoTona proTrona W+ W proTrona (a) ilekaTrona nyUTrona (ba) phoTona citra 10.4 : durbaLa baLa : (a) eka nyUTrona ane eka proTona w* nI adalAbadalI kare che. ane (ba) eka proTona ane eka ilekaTrona W nI adalAbadalI kare che. greviTona ilekaTrona gurutvIya baLa (juo citra 10.5), je A cAraye baLomAMthI sauthI durbaLa che, te padArthanI mAtrAne sAthe rAkhe che. paraMtu eka kaNa gurutva ke greviTonanuM saMcAraNa kare teA saMketa bahu sImita hoya che. m1 m12 m2 m1 citra 10.5 : mesona m ane A yAdImAM ApaNe kArmika baLo umerI zakIe. kArmika kSetro paNa abhautika kSetro che, je potAno prabhAva avakAzamAM phelAve che ane kALamAM m2 vacce gurutvIya baLa ane greviTona

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jaina dharma ane Adhunika vijJAna cAlu rahe che, paraMtu ajIva ane jIva vacce eTale ke AtmA ane kAryaNo vacce paraspara kriyA thavA de che. baoNsaoNnanI jema kArmika baLo mATe, AtmA ane kAryaNo vaccenI paraspara kriyA mATe ''kaSAyo' (kArmika utsarjananuM eka svarUpa) che. sivAya ke a-kaSAya (baLa-kavaca) heThaLa jyAre mAtra kArmika utsarjana thAya (juo citra 10.6), paNa karmabaMdha nahi. A be baoNsaoNnone anukrame '"pesiona'' ane ''epesiona' kaNo kahI zakAya. bIjuM eka stara (juo esa.ke.jaina, 1980) tejomaya baLa kadAca, mRtyu samaye mukta thatA vidyutacuMbakIya prakAranA taraMgonA UrjAnA svarUpa (tejasa saMpuTa) tarIke punarjanmanuM cakra samajAvI zake. Ama, e tatkALa lAMbA aMtara sudhI kArmika zarIramAM viziSTa saMdezA, vicAra laI jaI zake. udAharaNa tarIke kArmika zarI2 pheromona (pheromone) nAmano rAsAyaNika ghaTaka vagere sAthe laI jaI zake. AtmA epesiona AtmA 117 kArmaNa kArmaNa citra.10.6 : eka epesionuM kArmikabaLa tenA baoNsaoNna tarIke (pheromona e rAsAyaNika ghaTaka vyaktigata mAhitI, vicAranI Apa-le karI zake tevA prANImAM pedA thAya che.) A kArmika zarIra garbha(zygote) sAthe saMlagna ane saMkramita hoya che. (jhAyagoTa eTale nara ane mAdAnA saMyogathI pariNamelo navajAtano prathama koSa). garbhane maLatI ''UrjA'' DIenae (DNA) mAM pUrvanirdhArita pheraphAro prerI zake che (DNA eTale jIvanano AnuvaMzika koDa). jo ke A viSayano gahana abhyAsa jarUrI che.

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118 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA 10.4 anya keTalIka samarUpatAo Adhunika kaNa bhautikavijJAna ane jaina kaNa bhautikavijJAna vaccenI keTalIka samarUpatAo jI.Ara.jaina(1975) ane jhaverI (1975)e darzAvI che. muddA 4.5 mAM darzAvelA jaina carama kaNonA pAMca guNo vartamAna bhautikazAstra sAthe nIce pramANe samatulya gaNI zakAya, alabatta A vigato binaAdhArabhUta che : (1) pAMca raMgo : kvArkanA 3 vidyutabhArIta raMgo + dhana ane RNanA be bhAra sapheda ane kALA raMga tarIke. (2) pAMca svAda : kvArka ane lepTonanA svAda (klArkano chaThTho svAda haju sudhI parakhAyo nathI.) (3) be gaMdha : cUrNana 1 ane 1/2 (4) sparza ? (a) indriyagocaratA = goja baoNsaoNna (jI. Ara. jaina tene dhana ane RNa bhAra sAthe samAna gaNe che.) (ba) tApamAna = vikiraNa IndriyagocaratAnI tIvratA = UrjA stara. (mudA 4.5 mAM Apelo carama kaNonA saMyogano niyama pAulInA apavarjana siddhAMta (Paulis exclusion principle) jevo che). (5) be prakAranA carama kaNo H kArya kaNa ane kAraNa kaNa = kaNa ane teno prati-kaNa. (jI. Ara. jaina Ane anukrame ilekTrona ane pojhITrona sAthe samAna gaNe che.) anya keTalAMka TippaNa nIce mujaba che : carama kaNo e eka arthamAM kaNo che ane bIjA arthamAM te UrjAo che. carama kaNonA gati ane avasthA saMbaMdhI guNadharmo saMbhavita,

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jaina dharma ane Adhunika vijJAna 119 anizcayAtmaka che ane te hAIjhanabarganA anizcitatAnA siddhAMtane pratibiMbita kare che. vaLI, carama kaNone gatimAna avasthAmAM avarodhI ke rokI zakAtA nathI, sivAya ke samUhamAM, te bhegA hoya. Ama, te nyUTrIno athavA to phoTona karatAM vadhu jhaDapa dharAvatA Tekina jevA che. kudaratanAM cAra baLone anurUpa cAra kSetro uparAMta, vadhArAmAM zelTeka(1981) "morphika anunAda"ne anurUpa "morphika kSetra" sUcave che; jainavijJAna kArmika kSetra para AdhAra rAkhe che. kALa ane avakAzanAM cAra sAmAnya parimANa che, paNa navA sApekSatAvAdamAM dravyamAna(mass)nuM pAMcamuM parimANa dhyAnamAM levAya che. ahIM e dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM joIe ke jainonA "pradeza" ke "AkAza-pradeza"nI paribhASA mujaba Ane eka biMdu mAnavAmAM Ave che, jene parimANa hoya che, ati alpa paNa parimANa hoya che. vizvanA tamAma carama kaNone eka biMdumAM samAvI zakAya (juo bAzama, 1953 pR.77-78). A rIte biga beMga thIyarI (big bang theory) tarapha izAro thAya che. vaLI, bAlama(1953, pR.78) paNa prAcIna, jaina gAthA darzAve che- "pArimANIya biMduonuM saMkula samakSitija che, jyAre kALa sAthe joDAyelAM kArya Urdhva hoya che." Ama, kALa e cothuM parimANa che. Adhunika bhautika vijJAnanA hAlanA agraNIomAMnA eka che - sTIphana hokiMga. emano tarka che ke vizvane Adi ke aMta nathI (juo, haoNkiMga, 1988 pR.116). vaLI A ja mata muddA 6.4 mAM jaina vaizvika cakromAM spaSTapaNe nirUpelo che. vaLI, temano dAvo ke vizva simita che te vizva vizenI jaina saMkalpanAmAM nihita che. kRSNa vivara(Black hole)nI vibhAvanA muddA 4.4mAM sAMketika mokSanI vibhAvanAne maLatI Ave che. adhiSThita ane anadhiSThita AkAza (lo kAkAza ane alokAkAza)nI sImAo paNa ghaTanA-sImA(event horizon) jevI che, je kRSNa vivaranI sImA mATe prayojita thAya che (juo haoNkiMga 1988, pR.89). jo ke koI paNa vyakti kRSNa vivaramAM javAne badale mokSamAM javAnuM vadhu pasaMda karaze. jainavijJAnamAM vicArone paNa kaNikAmaya mAnavAmAM AvyA che.

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120 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA 10.5 samApana Adhunika vijJAna vizudhdha sthitimAM che. hAlamAM dravya ane kSetro vize navI saMkalpanA(concept)o UpasI rahI che. vijJAna ane dharmanA vihaMgAvalokanamAM vizeSa rasa dharAvatA vAcakone DevIsa (1983) ane khurazIda(1987) jovA bhalAmaNa che. ApaNe AInsTAIna(1940, 1941)nA abhiprAyomAMnA keTalAkathI samApana karIe. eka, AInsTAInanI dharma vizenI saMkalpanA jainonI saMkalpanAnI ghaNI nikaTa che : .......eka vyakti je dhArmika rIte prabuddha che te mane evI lAge jeNe potAnI uttama kSamatAthI potAne potAnI svArthI icchAothI mukta karI che....." bIjuM, tenuM vijJAna ane dharma pratyenuM valaNa (AInsTAIna, 1940, 1941) dhyAnamAM rAkhavA jevuM che : "e bAbatamAM zraddhA hovAnI zakyatA che ke vizvanA astitva mATenA niyamano tArkika arthAta tarkathI suspaSTa, bodhagamya che. huM pragADha zraddhA vagarano prAmANika vijJAnanI kalpanA nathI karI zakato. A sthitinuM tAdaza varNana A rIte karI zakAya : dharma vinAnuM vijJAna paMgu che, vijJAna vinAno dharma aMdha che."

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upasaMhAra A pustakanA prathama saMskaraNa bAda lekhakane A pustakanA viSayavastunA saMbaMdhe aneka saMgoSThIomAM bhAga levAnA prasaMgo UbhA thayA che. A prakAranAM vyAkhyAnoe emane avasara Apyo ke A pustakanA badhA ja mukhya siddhAMtone eka saMgoSThImAM AdhArarUpe prastuta karavAmAM Ave. te anusAra A pustakanA sA2ne ahIM prastuta karavAmAM Avyo che. A sAra navI peDhIne vizeSarUpe upayogI thaze. vaLI jijJAsuone potAnA jJAnanI abhivRddhi mATe ela.ema. siMghavI (1991), atula zAha(1990) ane mAikala TobAyAsa(1991)nAM tAjetaranAM pustako vAMcavAnI bhalAmaNa karuM chuM. 1. kArpaNa kaNa ane karmonuM vyaktigata kompyuTara AinsTIne kahyuM che H dharma vinA vijJAna paMgu che, vijJAna vinA dharma aMdha che, A dRSTie jaina dharma e dharma hovAnI sAthe sAthe vijJAna paNa che. jaina dharmano pratyeka pakSa vizva ane temAM vidyamAna jIva ane ajIva vastuonA vizeSa jJAna para AdhArita che. Adhunika vijJAna vastunA satyAMzanuM prakAzana kare che. te padArthane baLa ane laghuta2 kaNonA rUpamAM vyAkhyAyita kare che. ilekTronanA mAdhyamathI vidyuta ApaNA oraDAne prakAzita kare che. vidyutacuMbakIya baLone AdhAre reDiyonA taraMgo lAuDaspIkarathI dhvanine utpanna kare che. AvA bIjAM aneka udAharaNo ApI zakAya. jaina dharma paNa AvA ja adRzya laghutara kaNo ane AtmAnI anyonya kriyAnA

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jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA mAdhyama dvArA jIvanane vyAkhyAyIta kare che. jainono laghutara kaNa karma pudgala athavA kArmaNa paramANu che. (evA paramANu-pudgala jemAM karmarUpa dhAraNa karavAnI kSamatA hoya che.) A karma karmazaktine utpanna kare che. ApaNe ApaNI vibhinna prakAranI kriyAo dvArA A kAmarNa pudgalo - 52mANuone AkarSita (Asrava) karatA rahIe chIe ane temAMthI keTalAkane teno prabhAva pUrNa thayA bAda chUTA karatA jaIe chIe. A rIte AtmAnI sAthe eka prakAranuM "kArmika kompyuTara" lAgeluM che, te badhA prakAranI gaNatarI rAkhe che. A vyaktigata kompyuTara karmonA avazoSaNa ane nirgamanano hisAba rAkhe che. eTaluM ja nahIM paraMtu te pUrvajanmanA rekorDa dvArA keTalAMka kartavya ane dizAonuM paNa nirdezana kare che. udAharaNa rUpe, tamArA kArmika kompyuTaramAM tamane A pustaka vAMcavAno saMdeza che athavA jaina dharmanA viSayamAM vAMcavA-vicAravAno saMdeza che. A eka sArI kriyA che. pariNAme AtmA sakArAtmaka kAryaNo athavA zubha karmonuM avazoSaNa kare che. A zubha karmono puNyodaya thAya che. vaLI, sakArAtmaka kArmaNa kaNonuM avazoSaNa nakArAtmaka kAryaNa kaNonA prabhAvane ocho kare che, tene lIdhe AtmAnI zuddhi vadhavA lAge che. Ama karma pudgala ane AtmA eka nyUklIyara rIekTaranI koTinuM kArmika rIekTara banI jAya che ane tenAthI utsarjita prabaLa UrjA AtmAnA zuddhIkaraNanI prakriyA jevI bane che. 122 A kriyAone nirUpita karavA mATe jaina dharmamAM baMdha (karmabaMdha), Asrava (karmazaktinuM AkarSaNa) Adi zabda prayukta karavAmAM AvyA che. jevI rIte Adhunika bhautika vijJAnano AdhAra vibhinna prakAranI zaktio che. tevI ja rIte jaina dharmano AdhAra karmazakti che. jevI rIte Adhunika vijJAna padArtha ane UrjAnI anyonya parivartanIyatAmAM vizvAsa kare che, tevI ja rIte karma pudgala ane AtmAmAM anyonya kriyApratikriyA thAya che. A dravyamAna ane UrjAnI samakakSatA mATe jainoe pudgala (pudsaMyojana, gala-viyojana)zabdano prayoga karyo che. Adhunika vijJAnamAM A prakAranI dhAraNA mATe Avo koI ja zabda nathI, kAraNake Adhunika vijJAnanI zabdAvalI yunAnI athavA leTina bhASAmAMthI udbhavelI che.

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1 2 3 upasaMhAra 2. karmabaMdha ane zAkAhAra ApaNuM lakSya A kArmaNa kaNonA aMtargahaNanI mAtrAne ochuM karavAnuM che. A eka mahattvapUrNa kAraNa hovAthI zAkAhAra e jainajIvananuM eka anivArya aMga banyuM che. jaino DuMgaLI-baTATA jevA koIpaNa kaMdamULa khAtA nathI, paraMtu jamInanI upara uganArA tamAma zAkabhAjI tathA phaLo khAya che. tame AnuM kAraNa jANIne Azcaryacakita thaI jazo. jaino dvArA tenuM kAraNa ApavAmAM Ave che ke jamIna upara uganArA sapharajana AdimAM jIvonI saMkhyA karatAM kaMdamULamAM jIvonI saMkhyA adhika hoya che. sapharajananA eka bIjamAM mAtra eka ja jIva che jayAre kaMdamULanA eka baTATA ke DuMgaLImAM aneka jIva hoya che. AthI baTATAnA eka aMzathI punaH aneka baTATA utpanna thAya che arthAta sapharajana karatAM kaMdamULamAM jIvonI saMkhyA adhika hoya che. pariNAme kaMdamULa khAvAthI aneka jIvonI hatyA thAya che, jyAre sapharajana khAvAthI alpa jIvonI hatyA thAya che. AthI sapharajananA bhakSaNa karatAM kaMdamULanA bhakSaNathI adhika karyagrahaNa thAya che. A siddhAMta anya khAdya padArtho upara paNa lAgu pADI zakAya. Ama jaino khUba ja daDhatApUvaka zAkAhAranuM pAlana kare che. teo mAMsa, mAchalI ane IMDAM paNa khAtA nathI. jainono AhAra mAtra anAja, phaLo, zAkabhAjI ane dUdha tathA dUdhanI banAvaTo sudhI ja sImita che. 3. kArpaNa kaNo ane jJAnanuM AvaraNa ApaNA vicAromAM buddhi-saMgatatA lAvavA mATe jaina tarkazAstranuM parIkSaNa paNa karavuM joIe. jaina dharma sApekSa kathana(syAdvAda)nA siddhAMtamAM vizvAsa kare che. syAdvAda arthAt pratyeka vastunuM svarUpa viziSTa samayamAM thanArA ApaNA jJAna para hoya che. tema ja jyAM sudhI AtmAne kevaLajJAna prApta thatuM nathI tyAM sudhI vastunuM yathArtha jJAna prApta thatuM nathI. karma pagalothI baMdhAyelo AtmA peTrolanI tulanAmAM apariSkRta kAcA tela jevo che. A kAcA telane jeTaluM pariskRta karavAmAM Ave teTaluM ja peTrola vadhu zuddha ane kSamatAvALuM bane che tevI ja rIte AtmAne jeTalo vadhu pariSkRta karavAmAM Ave teTalo te vadhu zuddha ane sAmarthyavAna banavA lAge che.

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124 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA jaina dharmanA vicAromAM anekAntavAdane anusaravAnI bhalAmaNa karavAmAM AvI che. A siddhAMtanuM vaijJAnika zodhamAM pUrNataH anusaraNa karavAmAM Ave che. udAharaNa rUpe keTalAka samaya pUrve laghutama kaNa proTona hato Aje klArka che.' uparAMta jaina dharma ema paNa kahe che ke ApaNe ApaNA vicAromAM anekAntavAdanA siddhAMtanA AdhAre sApekSavAdI banavuM joIe. A mATe pUrve prayojavAmAM AveluM cha AMdhaLA puruSo ane hAthInuM udAharaNa dhyAnamAM levuM joIe. je vyakti hAthInA pUMchaDAne pakaDe che te hAthIne doraDA jevo mAne che. hAthInA pagane pakaDanAro hAthIne thAMbhalA jevo mAne che. Ama aMdhapuruSa hAthInA je je aMgane sparze te hAthIne tevo mAne che. A cha puruSonuM jJAna AMzika hovAthI apUrNa che. kharekhara to vyaktie jIvana ane padArthanAM badhAM ja pAsAone jovA joIe, to ja padArthanA yathArtha jJAnane pAmI zakAya. hAthI ane aMdha puruSonI A vAto je. jI. sAkSe (1816-77)nI eka kavitAnA mAdhyamathI pazcimanA dezomAM lokapriya banI hatI. 4. zuddhIkaraNano mArga saMkSepamAM jaina dharma anusAra kALa, AkAza, jIva, ane ajIva (pudgala) dravya haMmezA vartamAna rahe che ane bhaviSyamAM paNa raheze. vizva svasaMcAlita ane svaniyaMtrita che. jayAM sudhI kAmaNa pudgalo saMpUrNapaNe nirjarIta na thaI jAya tyAM sudhI jIvana karma pudgalo dvArA niyaMtrita hoya che. A kArmaNa yugalo kevI rIte nirjarIta thAya? A mATe ja AtmAnA zuddhIkaraNano mArga nidarzita karavAmAM Avyo che. A mArga saraLa nathI kema ke jaina dharma mAne che ke AtmA upara coTelA karma pudgalo mAtra tapazcaryAthI ja khare che ke nirjarIta thAya che, anyathA vyaktigata kArmika komyuTara potAnuM kAma karatuM ja raheze. A mArga Asaktine badale saMyamano che. jayAre AinsTAine dharmanA saMbaMdhamAM potAnI dhAraNA paribhASita karI tyAre temaNe kahyuM hatuM ke, .... je vyakti dhArmika dRSTithI prabuddha hoya che te mane evo lAge

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upasaMhAra 125 che ke jeNe potAnI yogyatA anusAra svayaMne svArthaprerita AkAMkSAonI beDIothI mukta karI dIdho che." vAstavamAM to A jaina dharmanI vyAkhyA che. 5. AtmasaMyama ane paryAvaraNanI samasyAo Atma-zodhana saMbaMdhI upadeza/mArgadarzanamAM saMtulita jIvana jIvavAno prayatna karavo ane keTalIka hada sudhI vrato (viratio) ane tapazcaryAno abhyAsa karavo samAhita che. tenA dvArA vyakti, vizva ane tenAM sAdhano upara vadhu paDatuM bhAraNa AvatuM nathI. jainonI ahiMsAnA siddhAMtano nihitArtha mAtra svayaM prati ahiMsA nathI paraMtu samagra jIvamAtra pratye ane samasta mAnavajAti pratye anukaMpAnI bhAvanA bhAvavAno che. gharamAM pALelAM jAnavarone paNa choDI devA ane temane cAbUka ke lAkaDIthI mAravA nahi. kyAreka tene daMDa karavo paDe ema hoya arthAt daMDa Avazyaka hoya to samucita vicAra karIne krodha karyA vagara dayAbhAvathI daMDa Apavo joIe. saMgraha athavA parigraha ocho karavo joIe ane vyaktigata bhogavilAsamAM Asakti ochI karavI joIe ane dAnanI pravRtti vadhAratA javI joIe. saMpatti ane parigraha pratye rAga ane tene ekaThI karavAnI icchA e moha ane mUcchakAraka sthiti che. tattvArthAdhigama sUtramAM mUcchane ja parigraha kahyo che(tattvArtha sUtra 7.17). jaina dharma sAmAnyarUpe vyaktigata saMpattino mAlikarUpe nahIM paraMtu TrasTIrUpe svIkAra karI teno upayoga samAjanA kalyANa mATe karavAnI preraNA karI che. arthAt jaina dharma sAmAjika saMpattinI dhAraNAne prazraya Apyo che. A daSTie haMmezA saMpUrNa sajAgatA mahattvapUrNa che. jevI rIte eka kSaNamAtrano nakArAtmaka vicAra (pApa, azubha). asaMyamita jIvanamAM bahu moTA jaththAmAM kArmaNa pudgalone grahaNa karI barabAdI sarjI zake che, tevI ja rIte saMyamita jIvanamAM ekAda sakArAtmaka vicAra (puNya, zubha) laghu, haLavA kArmaNa kaNo ke kArpaNa pugalone grahaNa karI sthAyI zAMti ane kSamatAne utpanna karI zake che (juo TobAyAsa, 1991, pR.90). jaina dharmamAM paryAvaraNanAM saMrakSaNane mahattva ApavAmAM AvyuM che. AtmAnA kArmika ghanatva, varNa athavA vezyAnA siddhAMta dvArA paryAvaraNanA

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126 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA saMrakSaNanI vAta darzAvavAmAM AvI che. A varNa samUha eTale ke vezyAnAM cha kramika stara che : kRSNa, nIla, kApota, pIta, rakta-kamala-gulAbI, dIptimAna tejasa-zukla. temAMnA pahelA traNa bhAre ghanatva(pApa)nA pratIka che. je.ela. jainI(1916)e teno mAnavInA AbhAmaMDaLa sAthe saMbaMdha darzAvyo che. vyavahAramAM eka vRkSanAM phaLone prApta karavAnI lokakathA sAthe sarakhAvI A raMgonA starone vargIkRta karavAmAM AvyA che. prathama kRSNa starano mANasa vRkSanAM phaLone prApta karavA samagra vRkSane kApI nAMkhe che (kRSNa). bIjA starano mANasa vRkSanI DALIone kApe che (nIla). trIjA staranI vyakti vRkSanI zAkhAone kApe che (kApota). cothA staranI vyakti phaLonA jhUmakhAo toDe che (pIta). pAMcamA staranI vyakti vRkSa uparanA pAkelAM phaLone ja toDe che (gulAbI). chaThThA staranI vyakti vRkSanI nIce, jamIna upara paDelAM pAkAM phaLone ja vINe che (juo citra 3.1). Ama uccatama AdhyAtmika staranI vyakti mATe paryAvaraNanuM saMrakSaNa sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa che. maLa ane pradUSaNa utpanna karavAthI paNa kArpaNa kaNonA grahaNamAM vRddhi thAya che, kAraNa ke tene hiMsaka pravRti mAnavAmAM Ave che. (siMghavI, 1991). vAstavamAM paryAvaraNanA saMrakSaNanI samasyAnuM samAdhAna madhamAkhInA dRSTAMtathI prApta thAya che. madhamAkhI vRkSanAM phaLaphUlamAMthI vRkSane jarA paNa hAni pahoMcADyA vagara ja madha cUsI le che ane svayaMne zaktizALI banAve che.

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pariziSTa 1,2,3,4

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pariziSTa 1 bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmInuM jIvanavRttAMta bhagavAna mahAvIrano janma i.sa.pUrva 599 mAM kuMDagrAma(vaizAlI, bihAra, bhArata)mAM thayo hato. te samaye e eka moTuM nagara hatuM ane hAlanA uttara bhAratanA paTaNA nagaranI pAse AveluM hatuM. temanA pitA rAjA siddhArtha ane mAtA rANI trizalA hatAM. temanuM sarva prathama nAma vardhamAna hatuM. jyArathI mAtA trizalA garbhavatI thayAM tyArathI ja rAjyamAM badhA ja prakAranI sukha-samRddhi vadhavA lAgI hatI tethI temanuM nAma vardhamAna pADavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. temaNe potAnA prAraMbhika jIvanamAM ja bauddhika vikAsa karyo hato ane pazuo sAthe ghaniSThatA sthApita karI hatI. temaNe bAlyAvasthAmAM ja eka bhayaMkara sApane sAhasapUrvaka vazamAM karI lIdho hato. temaNe eka madomatta hAthIne paNa vaza karyo hato. pariNAme te hAthI jana ane dhanane hAni na pahoMcADI zakyo. temaNe eka AtatAyI upara paNa vijaya prApta karyo hato. AthI ja temanuM nAma mahAvIra (mahAna vIra) pADavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. te samaye rAjakumArone yogya sAhitya, rAjanIti, dhanurvidyA, gaNita, Adi aneka vidyAonuM ane kalAonuM vizeSa prazikSaNa apAtuM tevI rIte temane paNa ApavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. te bahu ja buddhimAna hatA. temanA gurue paNa e vAta svIkArI hatI ke mahAvIranuM jJAna potAnAthI anekagaNuM zreSTha che. teo sAmAnyarUpe ja rAjakumAranA rUpe gharamAM rahyA hatA. zvetAmbara paraMparA anusAra mAnavAmAM Ave che ke temano vivAha yazodA sAthe thayo hato. paraMtu digambara paraMparA anusAra temano vivAha thayo na hato.

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130 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA temane priyadarzanA nAmanI putrI hatI, jeno vivAha jamAlInI sAthe thayo hato. eka paraMparA anusAra jyAre teo 28 varSanA thayA tyAre rAjamahelanI bahAra pharavA mATe nIkaLyA hatA. tyAre temaNe joyuM ke mAlika potAnA nokarane koraDA mArI rahyo hato. A ghaTanAthI temane ghaNuM duHkha thayuM. teo vicAravA lAgyA ke samAjamAM dhanavAna vyaktio azikSita, ajJAnI ane nirdhana vyaktionuM zoSaNa kare che. pariNAme temane gharasaMsAra choDavAnI IcchA thaI. paraMtu temane mAtA-pitA upara atyaMta sneha hato. AthI temaNe vicAra karyo ke mAtA-pitA hayAta hoya tyAM sudhI pote gRhatyAga nahIM kare. mAtA-pitAnA mRtyu pachI moTAbhAIno zoka ocho thAya ane adhika AghAta na lAge te mATe teo lagabhaga be varSa sudhI saMsAramAM rahyA. tyArabAda temaNe moTAbhAI pAse gRhatyAganI AjJA mAgI. (digambara paraMparA anusAra teoe mAtA-pitAnI hayAtImAM ja gRhatyAga karyo hato.) evuM mAnavAmAM Ave che ke chellAM be varSa teo saMsAramAM rahyA paNa potAno moTAbhAgano samaya rAjakAryo ke sAMsArika kAryomAM vitAvavAne badale AtmavizleSaNamAM ja gALyo hato. trIsa varSanI uMmare temaNe saMsAramAM vyApta aneka prakAranI samasyAonA mULane zodhavA mATe gRhatyAga karyo. temaNe mAnavanI prakRtine samajavA mATe tathA jagatanA svarUpane samajavA mATe vairAgya dhAraNa karyo. rAjamahelanuM vAtAvaraNa ane temanuM sAmAjika stara A badhAnI zodha karavA mATe anukULa na hatuM tethI ja temaNe saMsArano tyAga karyo hato. pari.1.1 lakSyanuM anusaraNa ane jJAnaprApti dIkSA grahaNa karyA pachI sADA bAra varSa sudhI teoe niSThApUrvaka gahana manomaMthana karyuM. lakSyanI prApti mATe teo satata prayatna karatA rahyA. temaNe anubhava karyo ke dhyAna sAdhanAmAM mitAhAra, eka vastra dhAraNa, pAdavihAra ane upavAsa sahAyaka che. tenI sAthe ja te potAnA hAthe kezaloca jevI kriyAonA mAdhyamathI potAnI AvazyaktAo upara ane anya paranI nirbharatA upara aMkuza karavA lAgyA. potAnA lakSya tarapha teo atyaMta jAgRta hatA. dIkSA lIdhA pachI tera mahinA bAda temanuM

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pariziSTa 1 131 vastra jhADImAM bharAIne phATI gayuM paNa tenI temaNe paravA na karI ane pachI nagnAvasthAmAM ja rahyA. (jo ke digambara paraMparA anusAra temaNe dIkSAnA samaye ja potAnAM badhAM ja vastrono tyAga karI dIdho hato.) potAnA uddezya prati niSThA sAbita karanArI eka anya ghaTanA paNa che. eka vakhata teo koI eka khetara pAsa UbhA-UbhA khaDgAsanamAM dhyAna karI rahyA hatA. temanI AjubAju koI kheDUtanI gAyo carI rahI hatI. kheDUte temane joIne kahyuM ke ''huM kyAMka jaI rahyo chuM. tame mArI gAyonI saMbhALa rAkhajo.'' paraMtu mahAvIra svAmI UMDA dhyAnamAM lIna hatA. temaNe e paNa na joyuM ke temanI AjubAju gAyo carI rahI che. jyAre kheDUta thoDA samaya pachI pAcho pharyo tyAre teNe joyu ke tenI gAyo tyAM na hatI. teNe dhyAnastha mahAvIra svAmIne pUchyuM, paraMtu tene koI ja uttara na maLyo, kAraNa ke temaNe maunavrata dhAraNa karyuM hatuM. AthI kheDUta vadhu vyagra thayo ane teNe mahAvIrane daMDa devA mATe tyAM paDelA lAkaDAnA be khIlA temanA kAnamAM ThokI dIdhA. paraMtu tethI mahAvIranuM mauna tUTyuM nahIM, teo to tenA prati karuNAvAna banyA. kahevAya che ke maMkhalI gozAlake bhagavAna mahAvIrane zodhyA na hatA tyAM sudhI mahAvIra ekAkI sAdhanA karatA hatA. maMkhalI gozAlake mahAvIra svAmInA uttama guNo vize sAMbhaLyuM hatuM. gozAlaka eka parivrAjaka kathAvAcaka hato ane niyativAdI AjIvaka saMpradAyano anuyAyI hato. samaya jatAM te AjIvaka saMpradAyano pramukha pravaktA banI gayo hato. ema kahevAmAM Ave che ke mahAvIra ane gozAla cha varSa sudhI sAthe rahyA hatA. ATalA samayamAM gozAlaka mahAvIra svAmI ane temanI kSamatAothI supere paricita thaI gayo hato. mahAvIra svAmIe tene cha mahinAnI tapazcaryA batAvI hatI je temanA jevI kSamatAo prApta karavA mATe Avazyaka hatI. aMtamAM gozAlaka mahAvIra svAmIno virodhI thaI gayo ane teNe mahAvIra svAmIne paDakAryA. teNe mahAvIra svAmIne bhayabhIta karavA mATe zApa Apyo ke teo cha mahinAmAM ja koI bhayaMkara bimArIthI marI jaze. mahAvIra svAmI bimAra paDyA paNa pachI svastha thaI gayA. thoDA samaya

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132 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA pachI gozAlaka svayaM marI gayo. pariNAme evI dhAraNA thaI ke zApa tene ja vaLagyo ane te mRtyu pAmyo. mahAvIra svAmI haMmezA yaugika athavA jAduI zaktionA upayoganA virodhI hatA. aMte mahAvIra svAmIne potAnA uddezyanI zodha mATe lIdhelI dIkSAnA 12 varSa, 6 mahinA ane 15 divasa pachI kevaLajJAna prApta thayuM. AthI teo samagrarUpe vizvanI saMracanA, kAryavidhi ane vizeSarUpe mAnava prakRtine samajavA samartha banyA. A AntarajJAnathI teo badhA ja prakAranI samasyAonA mULane jANavA samartha banyA. pari.1.2 tIrthaMkararUpe bhagavAna mahAvIranuM jIvana potAnA uddezyathI prApti mATe rAjavaibhava choDI dIkSA grahaNa karyA bAda kevaLajJAna prApta thayA pachI bhagavAna mahAvIre potAnA jJAnano upayoga samAjanA kalyANa mATe karavAno vicAra karyo. arthe jJAnane samAja samakSa, lokakalyANa arthe laI AvavAnI ghaTanA temanA lakSyaprApti mATenI sAdhanA karatAM paNa moTI ghaTanA che. temaNe potAno sarvaprathama upadeza evA zrotAone Apyo ke jemAM indrabhUti gautama paNa upasthita hatA. gautama hindu zAstronA mahAna jJAtA hatA ane temane potAnA jJAnanuM abhimAna hatuM. A baMnenA samAgama samaye keTalAka praznottara thayA, jenuM samAdhAna pAmIne indrabhUti gautama prathama gaNadhara (prathama ziSya) banyA. mahAvIra svAmInI aMtaraMga sabhAmAM agiyAra gaNadhara hatA. mahAvIra svAmImAM svabhAvataH mahAna saMgaThana kSamatA hatI. jyAre temanA anuyAyIonI saMkhyA vadhavA lAgI tyAre temaNe caturvidha saMgha(zrAvaka, zrAvikA, sAdhu ane sAdhvI)nA rUpe tIrtha (saMsA2, samudrane pAra pAmavAnuM mAdhyama)nI sthApanA karI. temanI putrI priyadarzanA paNa (jeno vivAha jamAli sAthe thayo hato) bhagavAna mahAvIranI anuyAyI banI. tatkAlIna hindu dharmanA prabhAvathI potAnI vicAradhArAne bhinna karavA mATe temaNe navI zabdAvalInA vikAsamAM bahumukhI pratibhA darzAvI. udAharaNarUpe sAmAnya anuyAyIne zrAvaka kahevAmAM AvyA, je zraddhApUrvaka upadeza sAMbhaLe che te. (zra-zraddhA, va-viveka, ka-kriyA). temaNe sAdhuone zramaNa kahyA. arthAt je AdhyAtmika patha upara cAlavA mATe zrama kare te.

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pariziSTa 1 ATaluM ja nahIM paNa temaNe dRDhatApUrvaka jagatanI svasaMcAlitatAnI dhAraNAne puSTa karI arthAt temaNe izvaranI e avadhAraNAne nirasta karI je pratyeka vyaktinA dainika jIvanane paNa prabhAvita karatI hatI. ATaluM ja nahIM paraMtu temaNe udghoSaNA karI ke pratyeka vyaktine nirvANa prApta karavAno adhikAra che ane te potAnA ja prayAsothI prApta karI zake che te mATe anya koI prabhusattA, izvara sattA ke mAdhyastharUpe purohitonI sahAyatAnI jarUra nathI. 133 mahAvIra svAmIe badhA ja jIvo ane manuSyonI samAnatAno pracAra karyo. A dvArA temaNe dAsaprathA, jAtivyavasthA, pazubali, AdinA tyAgano upadeza Apyo. hakIkate temanA sAdhvI saMghanI mukhya sAdhvI caMdanabALA dAsI ja hatI. eka bIjA sImAMta upara tatkAlIna rAjAomAM pramukha rAjA zreNika biMbisAra temano niSThAvAna anuyAyI banI gayo hato. (juo eca.ela.jaina ane upAdhye, 1974). mahAvIra svAmInuM eka krAMtikArI yogadAna e paNa hatuM ke temaNe hinduonI Azrama vyavasthAmAM mULabhUta parivartana ANyuM. hindu paraMparA pramANe saMnyAsa e jIvananA uttara bhAgamAM levAnI vAta hatI, tene badale mahAvIra svAmIe jaNAvyuM ke sAMsArika kAryothI nivRtti levA mATe koI vizeSa Ayu athavA samayasImA hotI nathI. je loko jIvananA AraMbhakALamAM ja pUrNa sAdhutA prApta nathI karI zakatA temane mATe temaNe kramika parivartanano mArga paNa darzAvyo. mahAvIra svAmInI vizeSatA e paNa hatI ke teo badhA ja prakAranAM prANIo ane jIvo mATe karuNAnI mUrti hatA. A mATe caMDakauzika nAganuM udAharaNa raju karavAmAM Ave che. A nAga potAnA pakSAyatana pAsethI pasAra thanAra koI paNane rasto pAra karavA deto na hato. eka divasa svayaM mahAvIra svAmI te rastethI pasAra thayA tyAre nAge temane DaMza dIdho. paraMtu mahAvIra svAmI khUba ja jJAnI hatA. temaNe jJAnathI nAganA pUrvabhavo sahita jANI lIdhuM ke tenI pravRtti AvI kevI rIte banI ? temane te nAga mATe karuNA upajI. temanI A karuNA koI mAtAnI potAnA bALaka mATe hoya tevI vAtsalyabharI karuNA hatI. tyAre nAgane

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134 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA evuM pratIta thayuM ke DaMzane kAraNe nIkaLelI lohInI dhArA te dUdhanI dhArA samAna hatI. DaMzanI pIDA gauNa hatI, paraMtu mahAvIra svAmInA manamAM caMDakauzikanA kalyANanI bhAvanA prabaLa banI gaI hatI. bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI potAnA nirvANa sudhI ratnatrayInI zikSA ApatA rahyA. jaina paraMparAmAM Aje paNa vibhinna prakAranA mULabhUta upadeza ane AcAra pracalita che, jemAM samayAnusAra bahu ja thoDA pheraphAro thayA che. vizeSataH badhAM jaino divALIno utsava ujave che, kAraNa ke te divase ja bhagavAna mahAvIrane nirvANa prApta thayuM hatuM ane te rAte ja temanA pramukha ziSya gautama gaNadharane kevaLajJAna prApta thayuM hatuM.

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pariziSTa ra jaina AgamagraMtho pratyeka dharmanI potAnI AcAra ane vicAra saMhitA hoya che, jene dharmasaMsthApako potAnA jJAna ane anubhava dvArA AcArapAlananI suvidhA mATe pavitra dharmagraMtha rUpe prastuta kare che. A graMthone zruti, zrata athavA Agama kahevAmAM Ave che. jaina dharma paNa AmAM apavAda nathI. jaina dharmanA Agamono mUlagnota tIrthakaranI vANI che. evuM mAnavAmAM Ave che ke tIrthakarono upadeza divyadhvanidivyabhASA rUpe prApta thAya che. (digambara paraMparA anusAra A divyadhvani upadezanA aMtaraMga arthane saMcArita kare che. tyArabAda temanA mukhya gaNadhara ziSyo tene AgamarUpe nibaddha kare che. jayAre zvetAmbara paraMparA anusAra tIrthakara eka divya mAnavabhASAmAM ja upadeza Ape che.) sAmAnyataH gaNadharo tIrthakaranA upadezonuM saMkalana, saMpAdana ane tenuM janabhASAmAM rUpAMtaraNa athavA anuvAda karavAnuM kAma kare che. AthI AgamagraMthone zAbdika rUpe na levA joIe, paraMtu tenI AtmavizleSaNa ane saMkalananI dhAraNAne paNa dhyAnamAM rAkhavI joIe. pari.2.1 pramukha AgamagraMtho sAmAnyarUpe jaina dharmanA AgamagraMthonI saMkhyA 60 che. tene traNa vibhAgamAM vibhAjita karavAmAM AvyA che : varga-1 pUrva 14 varga-2 aMga (prAthamika AgamagraMtha) 12 varga-3 aMgabAhya (anya AgamagraMtha) 34

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136 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA A 60 graMthomAMthI vartamAnamAM kevaLa 45 graMtho ja upalabdha che, kAraNake 14 pUrva graMtho lupta thaI gayA che, tathA eka aMga graMtha-daSTivAda paNa lupta thaI gayeluM mAnavAmAM Ave che. A graMthonA nAma ane pAMca koTio aMgenuM vistRta varNana muni nathamale dasayAliya sUtranI bhUmikAmAM ApyuM che. nIcenI sAraNI pari.2.1mAM graMthonI rUparekhA keTalAMka vivaraNo sAthe ApavAmAM AvI che. sAraNI mAM varga-3nA upavargonI jANakArI ApavAmAM AvI che. jaina dharmanA agiyAra aMga AgamonI racanAmAM bhagavAna mahAvIranA pramukha gaNadhara gautama svAmI ane sudharma svAmInuM (juo pariziSTa 1) pramukha yogadAna che. A AgamagraMthonI maukhika saMcaraNanI paraMparA bahu lAMbA samaya sudhI cAlu rahI hatI. A AgamagraMthonuM TIkAo sAthenA lekhanakAryano lagabhaga i.sa. 450(pAMcamI sadI)mAM prAraMbha thayo. AcArya devardhigaNi kSamAzramaNanI preraNAthI valabhImAM trIjI athavA cothI AgamavAcanA thaI hatI. AcArya bhadrabAhu dvitIya(pAMcamI zatAbdI) ane jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa (chaThThI zatAbdI) AgamonA pramukha TIkAkAra che. A AgamagraMthomAMthI keTalAka viziSTa AgamagraMtho nIce pramANe che : (1) AcArAMga sUtra (varga-2) : jaina sAdhu ane sAdhvIonI AcArasaMhitAno graMtha. (2) sUtrakRtAMga (varga-2) : anekAntavAdanA AdhAre jainetara darzanonuM samIkSAtmaka parIkSaNa. (3) bhagavatI (varga-2): (Ano artha AdaraNIya thAya che.) : A AgamagraMthamAM gautamasvAmInA prazna ane bhagavAna mahAvIranA uttaro saMgrahita karavAmAM AvyA che. graMthamAM syAdvAda paddhatino upayoga karavAmAM Avyo che. A graMthamAM gozAlaka ane mahAvIra svAmInA saMbaMdhonuM varNana paNa sAmela che.

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|s pariziSTara 137 sAraNI pari.2.1 : jainonA pramukha (upalabdha) AgamagraMtha ane vividha saMpradAyo dvArA sammata AgamasaMkhyA. krama jaina saMpradAya pUrva aMga aMgabAhya sammata (prAcIna graMtha) (prAthamika aMga) (dvitIyaka graMtha) saMkhyA 1. zvetAmbara (mUrtipUjaka) 0 (14) prathama 11(12) 34(34) 45 2. sthAnakavAsI 0 (14) prathama 11(12) 21(21) 32 3. terApaMthI(je.) 0 (14) prathama 11(12) 21(21) 32 4. digambara 0 (14) 12 14 26 * juo sAraNI 2 sAraNI pari. 2.2 : aMgabAhya varga-3 nA graMthonuM vivaraNa. kramAMka varga-3 nA artha graMthonI saMkhyA upavarga zve. sthA. diga. upAMga aMganA dvitIyaka graMtha 12 12 ba chedasUtra AcArasaMhitA-prAyazcita 06 04 - sa mULasUtra mukhya AcArasaMhitA 04 04 - prakIrNaka vividha 10 - 14 cUlikA - 02 0 0 AvazyakasUtrakula 34 21 14 (4) dRSTivAda (varga-2) : A aMga AgamagraMtha vartamAnamAM upalabdha nathI. AmAM mukhyatve karmavAdanI vivecanA karavAmAM AvI hatI. temAMthI digambara paraMparAnA be mukhya Agama kalpa graMtho pakhaMDAgama ane kaSAyapAhuDanI racanA karavAmAM AvI che. A baMne graMthonI pramukha TIkAo kramazaH vIrasena kRta dhavalA(i.sa. 816) ane jayadhavalA (I.sa. 823)nI che. A graMthano keTaloka bhAga jayasene lakhyo hato. A graMtha I.sa.792 thI 837 vacce racAyelo mAnavAmAM Ave che. zvetAmbara paraMparAmAM karmasAhityanI racanA devendrasUri (14 mI sadI)kRta karmagraMtha | | | kh 6 | 0 0 T n 4 | |

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138 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA che. temAM temaNe vistArathI karmasiddhAMtanI vivecanA karI che. tenI vidhyasUci mATe glAjanepa(1942)nuM pustaka juo. (5) AcAradazA (varga-3 ba) H jainadharmamAM kalpasUtra paNa eka mahattvapUrNa graMtha che. te AcAradazAno AThamo adhyAya che. temAM tIrthakaro ane tenI gaNadharottara paraMpAra (sthavirAvalI) ApavAmAM AvI che. A adhyAyamAM varSAkALa(cAturmAsa)mAM munionI AcArasaMhitA paNa ApavAmAM AvI che. chellAM 1500 varSathI A graMthanuM paryuSaNamAM sArvajanika vAcana karavAmAM Ave che. (zvetAmbaromAM paryuSaNa ATha divasanuM ane digambaromAM paryuSaNa 10 divasanuM hoya che.) rAjA dhruvasenane potAnA putranA mRtyune kAraNe thayelA zokathI ugAravA mATe sahuthI pahelA AnaMdapura(valabhI)mAM A graMtha jAheramAM vAcavAmAM Avyo hato. tyArathI A graMtha jAheramAM vAMcavAnI paraMparA cAlI Ave che. (6) dazavaikAlika (varga-3 sa) : A graMthamAM munijIvana saMbaMdhI vivaraNa che. A graMthanA 10 adhyAyono svAdhyAya nirdhArita samayasImA pachI karavAmAM Ave che. (7) uttarAdhyayana (varga-3 sa) : A graMthamAM bhagavAna mahAvIrano aMtima upadeza saMgrahita karavAmAM Avyo che. vizeSataH gautama svAmIne guru pratye nirmamatva dhAraNa karavAno upadeza ApavAmAM Avyo che te bhAga aMtima upadeza rUpe che. te sAthe kezI-gautamanA saMvAdanuM vivaraNa paNa prApta thAya che. A saMvAdamAM bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmIe cArane badale pAMca vrato svIkAryAnI vAta karavAmAM AvI che. pAMcamuM joDavAmAM AveluM vrata te brahmacarya che. (8) Avazyaka (varga-3 sa) : A graMthamAM vartamAna pratikramaNano adhikAMza bhAga prApta thAya che. pratikramaNano artha che-potAnA doSonI svIkRti ane bhaviSyamAM te doSo na thAya tenI kAmanA. A pratikramaNano abhyAsa vartamAnamAM pracalita che ane temAM jaina dharmano sArasaMkSepamAM vaNI levAmAM Avyo che.

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pariziSTara 139 pari.2.2 dvitIyaka jaina Agama-anuyoga-AdhArita graMtha jaina dharmanA dvitIya-upAMga graMtho prathama koTinA Agama-aMga AgamagraMthonA pUraka graMtho che. tene anuyoganA AdhAre vargIkRta karavAmAM AvyA che. A anuyoganA cAra vibhAga karavAmAM Ave che. tene jaina dharmanA cAra veda paNa kahI zakAya. A graMtho mukhyatve munio tathA vIroe racelA che. tene cAra vibhAgamAM vibhAjita karavAnI paraMparA prathama sadImAM zarU thaI hatI. tenA cAra vibhAga nIce pramANe che : (1) prathamAnuyoga(prAthamika anuyoga) : A anuyogamAM tIrthakara tathA anya ucca koTinA mahApuruSo athavA zalAkApuruSo jIvanacaritronuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. (2) karaNAnuyoga(Tekanikala bAbatono anuyoga) : A anuyogamAM vizvavijJAna tathA jyotiSavijJAna jevA anya prAcIna vijJAna ane kalAonuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. (3) caraNAnuyoga(sAdhu tathA zrAvakonA AcArano anuyoga) : A sahuthI vadhu mahattvapUrNa anuyoga che. jaina yoga athavA AcAra saMbaMdhita temAM AcArya hemacaMdra(bAramI sadI)nA yogazAstra tathA haribhadrasUri(AThamI sadI)nA yogabiMdu jevA graMtho nihit che. (4) dravyAnuyoga(dravyono anuyoga) : AmAM jaina dharma anusAra vizvamAM mAnya bhautika jagatanA cha dravyo tathA AdhyAtmika jagatanA nava tattvo AdinuM varNana che. A vargano sahuthI mahattvapUrNa graMtha umAsvAti(bIjI sadI)no tatvArthAdhigama sUtra che. A graMthamAM 3pa0 sUtromAM jaina dharmanI tamAma saiddhAMtika mAnyatAono saMkSepamAM samAveza karavAmAM Avyo che. A graMthanI tulanA pataMjalinA yogasUtra sAthe karavAmAM Ave che, kAraNake A graMthamAM darzananA upadezone saMkSepamAM saMgrahita karavAmAM AvyA che. AvA ja anya graMthomAM siddhasena divAkara sUri(pAMcamI sadI)nA nyAyAvatAra ane sanmatisUtrano samAveza karI zakAya. A baMne graMtho darzanazAstranA uttama graMtho che. muni yazovijayajI Adhunika darzanazAstranA pratinidhi che.

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140 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA A vivecana prAyaH zvetAmbara sAhitya sudhI sImita che. digambara paraMparA paNa 60 graMtha mAne che, paraMtu te badhA ja lupta thaI gayA che. tema chatAM temanI pAse abhilekho che jene AdhAre kahI zakAya ke lagabhaga bIjI sadImAM be Agama tulya graMtha pakhaMDAgama(chakhaMDI Agama) ane kapAyapAhuDa(kaSAya saMbaMdhI) racavAmAM AvyA. A uparAMta dadAcArya (saMbhavataH bIjI sadI)nA graMtho sarvAdhika bodhagamya che. temanA graMthomAM samayasAra, niyamasAra, pravacanasAra, paMcAstikAya vagere mukhya graMtho che. temanI paraMparAne pUjyapAde jALavI rAkhI, samayasAra upara agiyAramI sadImAM AcArya amRtacaMdra AtmakhyAti nAmanI mahattvapUrNa TIkA racI che. anya ullekhanIya AcAryomAM jinasena(navamI sadI) ane somadeva (dasamI sadI)nuM nAma laI zakAya. umAsvAtinuM tattvArthasUtra ane siddhasenano tarka parano graMtha baMne paraMparAmAM mAnya che. A viSayanI vadhu vigata mATe pI.esa.jainI (1979)nuM pustaka juo. prathama varganA aMga AgamagraMtho ardhamAgadhI bhASAmAM racavAmAM AvyA che. ardhamAgadhI bhASA magadhanI lokabhASA athavA prAkRtanI eka upabhASA che. umAsvAti ane temanA uttaravartI AcAyoe saMskRta bhASAmAM graMtho racyA che. Ama jainonuM vizALa sAhitya upalabdha che. paraMtu evuM jaNAya che ke dharmasaMbaMdhita pustakomAM umAsvAtinA tattvArthasUtrane mukhya mAnavAmAM Ave che ane tene badhA ja jaino prAmANika mAne che. ahIM e paNa dhyAna rAkhavuM joIe ke digambara ane zvetAmbara paraMparAnA AgamagraMthonA sArarUpe samasuta nAmanuM 756 gAthAonuM eka pustaka prakAzita karavAmAM AvyuM che. A pustaka bhagavAna mahAvIranA 2500 nivaNa mahotsava samaye sarvasevA saMgha, rAjaghATa, vArANasIthI prakAzita karavAmAM AvyuM che. 1993mAM A graMthano aMgrejI anuvAda paNa prakAzita thayo che. A pustakanA aMte ApavAmAM Avela saMdarbha graMtha sUcino khaMDa "a" keTalAka mULagraMtho ane tenA anuvAdono nirdeza kare che.

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pariziSTa 3 avataraNa a : vidhAno vidhAna 1 1. jIva iti.........karma-saMyukta (paMcAstikAya-sAra, gAthA 27) 2. yathApravRtta-karaNam iti arthaH (vizeSAvazyaka-bhASya, gAthA 1202) vidhAna 2 3. nAraka-tiryaG-manuSyA-devA iti nAma saMyuktAH prakRtayaH / (paMcAstikAya-sAra, gAthA 55) 4. karmAvaraNa-mAtrAyAH tAratamya-vibhedataH / ___ (nathamala muni, vijaDama oNpha mahAvIra, adhyAya 2, peja 70) vidhAna 3 5. pariNAmAt karma karmaNo bhavaMti, gatiSu gatiH / (paMcAstikAya-sAra, gAthA 128) vidhAna 8 a 6. mithyAdarzanA-'virati-pramAda-kaSAya-yogAH baMdhahetavaH / (tattvArthasUtra, adhyAya 8 sUtra 1) vidhAna 4 ba 7. .....prANighAtena....saptamaM narakaM gataH / 8. mAteva sarva-bhUtAnAM ahiMsA hitakAriNI / 8. ahiMsAyAH phalaM sarva kimanyat, kAmadaiva sA / / (yogazAstra, adhyAya 2, gAthA 27, 51, 52)

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142 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA vidhAna 4 ka 10. tapasA nirjarA ca / - (tattvArthasUtra, adhyAya 9 sUtra 3) 5 : graMthomAMthI avata25 (avata255 : ) 1. sa.3.1. sabbe karei jIvo, ajjhavasANeNa tiriyaNeraiye / deva-maNave ya savve, puNNaM pAvaM ca aNeyavihaM / / (samayasAra, gAthA 268) 2. bha.5.1. zubhaH puNyasya, azubhaH pApasya __ (tattvArthasUtra, adhyAya 6 sUtra 3-4) 3. 2.5.2. sakaSAyatvAt jIvaH karmaNo... Adatte, sa baMdhaH / / (tattvArthasUtra, adhyAya 8 sUtra 2) 4. 3.6.1. parasparopagraho jIvAnAm (tattvArthasUtra, adhyAya 5 sUtra 21) 5. 4.6.2. purisA, tumeva tuM mitraH kiM bahiyA mitra-micchasi / (AcArAMgasUtra, adhyAya 3 sUtra 125) 6. sa.6.3. sacce jIvAvi icchaMtiM jIviyaM na marijjiyaM / (dazavaikAlikasUtra, adhyAya 6 gAthA 10) 7. sa.6.4. mA pamAyae (uttarAdhyayanasUtra, adhyAya 10 gAthA 1) 8. 2.6.5. maitrI-pramoda-kAruNya-mAdhyasthAni satvaguNAdhika-klizya-mAnA'vineyeSu / (tattvArthasUtra, adhyAya 7 sUtra. 6) 8. sa.7.1. jJAnaM balAbalaM (yogazAstra, adhyAya 1 gAthA 64) 10. sa.8.1. sa gupti-samiti-dharma'nuprekSA-parISahajaya-cAritraiH / / (tattvArthasUtra, adhyAya 9 sUtra 2)

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pariziSTa 3 143 11. sa.8.2. NANena jANi bhAve, daMsaNeNa ya suddadahe / cAritreNa NigiNhai taveNa parisujjaI // __(uttarAdhyayanasUtra, a. 28 gAthA 35) 12. 2.8.3. samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrANi mokSamArgaH / (tattvArthasUtra, adhyAya 1 sUtra 1) 13. 2.8.4. prathamaM jJAnaM, tato dayA / (dazavaikAlikasUtra, adhyAya 4 gAthA 10) 14. sa.8.5. mAse mAse tu jo bAlo, kusaggeNavaca tu bhuMje / Na so sukkhAya, dhammassa, kalaM agdhaI solasiM / (uttarAdhyayanasUtra, adhyAya 9 gAthA 44)

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pariziSTa 4 guNasthAnako ane sApasIDInI ramata ahIM lekhake vibhinna guNasthAnako vacce pramukha saMkramaNone nirUpita karavA mATe sApa ane sIDInI ramatane parivardhita karela che. (citra 5.4.1.) A ramatamAM eka borDa upara 16 corasa banAvavAmAM AvyA che temAM eka sikko uchALI gamana karavAmAM Ave che. sikkAnA AgaLanA bhAgano artha 2 aMka ane pAchaLanA bhAgano artha 1 aMka gaNavo. A borDanA prathama be corasa tIrthaMca, prANIjagatanA nimnastara ane uccatara jIvanane darzAve che. trIjA corasathI manuSya jIvanano prAraMbha thAya che. te pahelA caraNathI uccatara caraNa nA-tabakkA sudhI pahoMcavA tatpara che. A ramatanA niyamo nIce mujaba che : (1) prAraMbha karavA mATe sikkAno pAchaLano bhAga Avavo joIe. (2) bIjA corasa upara sikkAno pAchaLano bhAga ja Avavo joIe, jethI te trIjA khAnAmAM pahoMcI zake che eTale ke sIDInA trIjA caraNa sudhI pahoMcI zake. ahIM e khAsa dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM ke sikko uchALavAthI pAchaLano bhAga Ave to tene cothA khAnAmAM javAnI anumati nathI arthAt teNe sikkAno AgaLano bhAga lAvavo jarUrI che. ramanArane cothA khAnAmAM javAnI anumati tyAre ja maLe ke te jayAre sAtamA naMbaranA khAnAmAM pahoMce ane sApane mArge cothA khAnAmAM pahoce. A ramatano aMta paNa yathArtharUpe ja thavo joIe. eTale ke teramA khAnAmAM pahoMcyA pachI ramanArane sikkAno pAchalo bhAga Avavo jarUrI che.

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146 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA bhagavAna mahAvIranA ziSya AnaMdanA udAharaNane dhyAnamAM rAkhIe saMbhava che ke sIDIne kAraNe 5 naMbaranA khAnAthI 8 naMbaranA khAnAmAM sAdhu avasthA prApta karyA vagara paNa pahoMcI zakAya che. sAmAnyarUpe A ramata e vAta upara prakAza pADe che ke kyAre guNaprApti dvArA sIDIthI upara caDI zakAya che ane kyAre sAva nIce pachaDAvAya che. ramanAra eka vAra 12 mA khAnA sudhI pahoMcI jAya pachI te nizcitarUpe mokSa prApta kare ja che. mokSa tarapha | (5) TIINI tIrthaMca prANI, jagata manuSyone 1 | 2 | 3 (1) | 4 (2) citra : pari.4.1 : sApasIDInA mAdhyamathI guNasthAnaka saMkramaNanuM nidarzana (ahIM aMko guNasthAnakanA kramAMkane darzAve che.)

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pariziSTa 4 147 A dharmakalpa ramatane prAthamika rUpe jJAnabAjI (jJAnanI ramata) kahevAmAM Ave che. AnA vizeSa vistAra mATe pAla(1994, pR.87)nuM pustaka jovA bhalAmaNa karuM chuM. ramatanA niyamo (1) sikkAnA pAchalA bhAgane aMka eka gaNavo. AgaLanA bhAgane aMka be gaNavo. (2) sikkAnA pAchalo bhAga prApta thAya tyAre ja tenI ramatano prAraMbha thaI zake. ahIMthI tenA prathama guNasthAnakano prAraMbha thAya che. (3) jo pharIvAra pAchalo bhAga Ave to kukarI bIjA khAnAmAM rAkhavAmAM Ave che. have pharIvAra uchALavAthI pAchalo bhAga Ave to trIjA khAnAmAM kukarI mUkavAmAM Ave che ane te trIjA guNasthAnakane prApta kare che. (4) khAnA naMbara 4 mAtra khAnA naMbara 7 mAM adhaHpatanathI ja prApta thAya

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148 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA saMdarbha graMtha sUcI a. prAkRta, saMskRta yA hindI graMtha aura unake anuvAda 1. AcArAMgasUtra; prAkRta-mUla aura madhukara muni kA hindI anuvAda; Agama prakAzana samiti, vyAvara, 1980. 2. AcArAMgasUtra (aMgrejI anuvAdaka : eca. jaikobI) : jaina sUtrAja bhAga-1. Dovara pablikezana, nyUyArka se punaH prakAzita, 1968 pR. 1-213. 3. AvazyakasUtra; jaina Agama sIrIja, khaMDa 15, zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, baMbaI, 1977. 4. uttarAdhyayanasUtra; prAkRta graMtha; anu. ke.sI.lalavAnI, prajJAnaM, kalakattA, 1977. anuvAda : eca. jaikobI, jaina sUtrAja bhAga-2 Dovara pablikezana, nyUyArka se punaH prakAzita, 1968 pR. 1-232. 5. dezavaikAlikasUtra (aMgrejI); anuvAdaka ke. sI. lalavAnI, motIlAla banArasIdAsa, dillI, 1973. 6. kalpasUtra (aMgrejI); anu. eca. jaikobI; jaina sUtrAja, khaMDa 3, Dovara pablikezansa, nyUyorka se puna prakAzita, 1968. 7. karmagraMtha, bhAga 1-6; devendrasUri, hindI anu. esa.ela.siMghavI, vardhamAna sthAnakavAsI jainadharma zikSA samiti, baDauta (meraTha), 1984. 8. tattvArthasUtra : umAsvAti (mi) kRta, paM. sukhalAlajI kI TIkA ke sAtha mUla saMskRta graMtha, aMgrejI anuvAdaka ke.ke.dIkSita, ela. DI. iMsTIsyUTa oNpha iMDolojI, ahamadAvAda, 1974. 9. tattvArthasUtra : aMgrejI anuvAdaka : 'daiTa vhica ija' nathamala TATiyA, pI.esa.jainI Adi, hArpara kolinsa, laMdana, 1994. (sekreDa liTareTaka sIrIja) 10. mahApurANa, bhAga 1-3; puSpadaMta, apabhraMza graMtha (saM.) pI. ela. vaidya; mANikacaMdra di. jaina graMthamAlA, baMbaI, 1937-47.

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149 saMdarbha graMtha sUcI 11. niyamasAra; kuMdakuMda, aMgrejI anu. ugrasena jaina, seMTrala jaina pabliziMga hAusa, lakhanau, 1931. 12. paMcAstikAya-sAra; kuMdakuMda, saMskRta aura aMgrejI anuvAda e. cakavartI aura e.ena.upAdhye, bhAratIya jJAnapITha dillI 1975. 13. pravacanasAra; kuMdakuMda kA prAkRta graMtha (amRtacaMda kI tattvadIpikA, jayasena kI tAtparyavRtti aura hemarAja pAMDe kI bAlAvabodha bhASA TIkA ke sAtha), (saMpA) e.ena.upAdhye, rAjendra jaina zAstramAlA, agAsa, 1993. 14. samaNasuttaM; sarva sevA saMgha, vArANasI, 1993. 15. samayasAra; kuMdakuMda kA prAkRta graMtha (amRtacaMdra kI AtmakhyAti TIkA ke sAtha), mUla graMtha aura aMgrejI anuvAda : e.cakavartI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI, dvitIya saMskaraNa, 1971. 16. yogazAstra; hemacaMdra, hindI anuvAda ke sAtha mUla saMskRta graMtha anu. muni padmavijaya, zrI nigraMtha sAhitya prakAzana saMgha, dillI, 1975. 17. vizeSAvazyaka bhASya; jinabhadragaNi : saMpAdaka nathamala TATiyA; risarca isTITyUTa oNpha prAkRta, jainolojI eNDa ahiMsA, vaizAlI, 1972. 18. vizvaprahelikA; mahendra muni, javerI prakAzana, iMdaura, 1969 19. kaSAya; sAdhvI hemaprajJA, vicakSaNa prakAzana, iMdaura, 1999. 20. gyAraha pratimAyeM; mahAtmA bhagavAnadIna, prabuddha jaina vicAra maMca, kalakattA-7, 2000. 21. merI bhAvanA; jugala kizora mukhtAra jaina sAhitya sadana, naI dillI, 1982. 22. tIrthaMkara vardhamAna; muni vidyAnaMda, vIra nirvANa graMtha prakAzana samiti, iMdaura, 1973.

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150 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA B : Modern Works 1. Amarendravijay (1993); Science Discovers Eternal Wisdom, Jain Sahitya Academy, Gandhidham. 2. Basham, A.L. (1958); Jainism and Buddhism, Sources in Indian Tradition, ed. De Bary, W.T., Vol. 1, 38-92. Columbia University Press, New York. 3. Bharucha, F.(1993); Role of Space-Time in Jaina's Syadvada and Quantum Theory, Sri Satguru Publications, Delhi. 4. Capra. F. (1975); Tao of Physics, Bantam Books, New York. 5. Carrithers, M. & Humphrey, C. (1991); The Assembly of Listeners, Jains in Society, Cambridge University Press Cambridge. 6. Chitrabhanu, Gurudev Shree (1980); Twelve facets of Reality. The Jain Path of Freedom. (Edited by Clare Rosenfield), Dodd, Mead & Co., New York. 7. Davies, P.C.W. (1983); God and the New Physics, London; J.M. Dent; Penguin Books (1984). 8. Dundas, P.(1992); The Jains, Routledge, London. 9. Eintein, A. (1940); Science and Religion, Nature, Vol.146, pp. 605-7. 10. Einstein, A. (1941); "Science and Religion" First conference of Science, Philosophy and Religion, New York (Reprinted in Ideas and Opinions, 1973, Souvenir Press, London). d'Espagnat, B. (1979); The Quantum Theory and Reality, Scientific American, 241, pp.128-40. Gamow, G. (1965); Mr. Tompkins in Paperback, Cambridge University Press. 13. Von Glasenapp, H. (1942); The Doctrine of Karma in Jain Philosophy. tr. from the German by G. Barry Gifford. Bai Vijibhai Jivanlal Pannalal Charity Fund, Bombay. 14. Gribbin, J. (1984); In Search of Schrodinger's Cat, Wildwood House (Reprinted by Corgi books). 11. d'Espag

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saMdarbha graMtha sUcI 151 15. Haldane, J.B.S. (1975); "The syadvada system of predication." Sankhya, A 18, pp. 195-200. 16. Hawking, S.W. (1998); A Brief History of Time, Bantam Press, London. 17. Hay, S.N. (1970); Jain influences on Gandhi's early thought in Gandhi, India and the World, ed. S. Ray, pp.29-38. Philadelphia, Temple University Press. 18. Jacobi, Hermann (1884, 1895); Jaina Sutra, Vol. 1,2, Sacred Books of the East, XXII, XLV; Oxford. Reprinted (1968), Dover Publication, New York. 19. Jahn, R.G.(1982); "The Persistent Paradox of Psychic Phenomena: an engineering perspctive". Proc. Inst. of Elect. & Electronics Engr., 70 pp. 136-70. 20. Jain, D.C. (1990); (Editor) Studies in Jainisim, Jain Study Circle, Flushing, New York. 21. Jain, C.R. (1929); The Practical Dhrama, The Indian Press, Allahabad (Re-printed as Fundamentals of Jainism, 1974, Veer Nirvan Bharti, Meerut). 22. Jain, C.R. (1929); Cosmology Old and New. Bharatiya Jnanpitha Publication, Delhi. 23. Jain, H.L. and Upadhye, A.N. (1974); Mahavira : his Times and his Philosophy of Life. Bharatiya Jnanpitha Publication, Delhi. 24. Jain, L.C. (1992); The Tao of Jaina Sciences. Arihant International, Delhi. 25. Jain, N.L. (1993); (a) Jain Systems in Nutshell. Nij-Jnan Sagar Shiksha Kosha, Satna : (b) Jaina Karmology (1998), Parshwanath Vidyapith, Varanasi : (c) Scientific Contents in Praksta Canons, (1996) Parshwanath Vidyapith, Varanasi. 26. Jain, S. K. (1980); Communication Regarding the Process of Rebirth in Karma and Rebirth in Classical Indian Traditions, ed. By W.D. O'Flaherty. pp.237-8. University of California Press, Berkeley. 27. Jaini, J.L. (1916); Outlines of Jainism, Cambridge. Reprinted in 1979. J.L. Trust, Indore.

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152 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA 28. Jaini, P.S. (1979); (a) The Jaina Path of Purification./ University of California Press Berkeley (Reprinted by Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi); (b) Gender and Salvation. (1991); University of California Press, berkeley. 29. Kapashi, V. (1985); Jainism for Young Persons. Jain Samaj Publications, Leicester. 30. Kapashi, V., Shah, A. and Desai, K (1994); Text Book of Jainism: Level I. Institute of Jainilogy, London. 31. Khursheed, A. (1987); Science and Religion. One World Publication, London. 32. King, Ursula (1987); "Jainism". In The Encylopedia of World Faiths. Ed. Bishop, P. and Darto, M. Macdonald Orbis 1987, London and Sydney. 33. Kothari, D. S. (1975); Some Thoughts on Truth. Anniversary Address, Indian National Science Academy, pp. 1-23, Delhi. 34. Mahalanobis, P.C. (1954); "The Foundations of Statistics.' Dialectica 8, pp. 95-111. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 99 Mardia K.V. (1975); "Jain Logic and Statistical Concepts." Jain Antiquary and Jaina SIddanta Bhaskar, Oriental Research Institute. Arrah, 27, pp.33-7. Mardia K.V. (1981); "Why Paryushana is Doing Your Own MOT ?" The Jain, 3, issue 9, pp.4-5. Mardia K.V. (1982); "Mahavira as a Man". The Jain, 4 issue 11, p.16. Mardia K.V. (1988a); Discussion to "Probability, Statistics and Theology", by D.J.Bartholomew. J. Roy. Statist. Soc A 151, pp. 166-7. Mardia K.V. (1988b); "Jain Culture". The Jain, Pratistha Mahotsava Souvenir Issue, pp. 51-3. Jain Samaj Publications, Leicester. 40. Mardia K.V. (1991); "Modern Science and the Principle of Karmons in Jainism". Jain Journal, Vol.26 pp. 116-19. 41. Mardia K.V. (1992); Jain Thoughts and Prayers, The Yokshire, Jain Foundation, Leeds.

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saMdarbha graMtha sUcI 153 42. Marett, P. (1985); Jainism Explained, Jain Samaj Europe Publication, Leicester. 43. Motilal, B.K. (1981); The Central Philosophy of Jainism (Anekanta-vada), L.D. Institute of Indology, Ahmedabad. 44. Mehta, M.L. (1995); Jaina Psychology, Sohanlal Jaindharma Pracharak Samiti; Amritsar. 45. Nandighoshvijay, Munishri (1995); Jainism : Though Science, Shri Mahavira Jain Vidyalaya, Bombay. 46. Nathmal, Muni (1970); Wisdom of Mahavira, Tr. Bhuteria, K. and Manian, K.S., Adarsa Sahitya Sangh Publication, Churu. 47. Oldfield, K. (1989); Jainism : The path of purity and peace, Christian Educational Movement, Derby. 48. Pal, P. (1994); The Peaceful Liberators : Jain Art from India, Themes and Hudson, Los Angeless Country Museum of Art. 49. Pedler, K. (1981); Mind over Matter, Thomas Methuen, London. 50. Propper, K.R. (1968); The Logic of Scientific Discovery. 2nd ed. Hutchinson, London. 51. Shah, A.K. (1991); Experiments with Jainism. young Jains Publications, London. 52. Shah, B.S. (1992); An Introduction to Jainism. The Setubandh Publications, New york. 53. Sheldrake, R. (1981); A New Science of Life. Blond & Briggs Ltd., (Paladin Books, 1983). 54. Singhvi, L.M. (1990); The Jain-Declaration on Nature. The Jain Sacred Literature Trust. London. 55. Stevenson, S. (1915); The Heart of Jainism. Oxford University Press. Reprinted in 1970, Delhi (also see, review The Jain, 1983, pp. 5-6). 56. Tatia N. (1994); New Dimensions in Jaina Logic. tr. of "Jaina Nyaya ka Vikasa" by Mahaprajna Yuvacaryashri, Jaina Vishva Bharati, Ladnun.

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154 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA 57. Tatia N. (1986); Jaina Meditation : Citta Samadhi : Jaina Yoga. Jaina Vishva Bharati, Ladnun. 58. Tobias, M. (1991); Life Force. (The World of Jainism), Asian Humanities Press, Berkeley. 59. Vakharia, N.N. (1978); Cosmological Truths of Ancient Indian Religions : Jainism and Hinduism, Flint, Michigan. 60. Willians, R. (1963); Jaina Yoga: A Survey of the Mediaeval Sravakacaras. Oxford University Press, London (Reprint, Motilal Banarsidas, 1983). 61. Wilson, I (1981); Mind out of Time ? Gollancz, London. 62. Zaveri, J.S. (1975); Theory of Atom in the Jaina Philosophy. Jaina Vishva Bharati, Ladnun.

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pustakamAM vaparAyelI pAribhASika zabdAvalI (aMgrejI-gujarAtI) Abstinence viratI Accidental/occupational violence = AraMbhaja-hiMsA Activities = yoga Afflitions pariSaha-jaya Anger = krodha Animal/plant life Aversion dveSa = = = Bliss = sukha Bliss-defiling = mohanIya Body = kAya = tiryaMcaAttachment = Body producing karma nAma karma Classification of imports of words = nikSepa Carelessness pramAda apramatta virata = = rAga Carelessness-free Self-restraint Clairvoyance = avadhijJAna = kSINa moha Complete self-restraint with eliminated greed Complete self-restraint with subtle greed = sUkSma moha Complete self-restraint with suppressed greed = upazAMta moha Complete self-restraint with uniform mild volition = anivRSTi saMparAya Complete self-restraint with unprecedented volition = wyd karaNa = pramANa Comprehensive right knowledge Conditional predicaltion principle = syAdvAda Conduct deluding = caritra-mohanIya Consciousness = cetanA, caitanya indriyanigraha, brahmacarya Continence

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156 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA Deceit = 4141 Defensive violence = virodhI-hiMsA Different type of karmic matter (karmic components) = 3sla Deluded world view = mithyAdaSTi Disinterested love = alcZ24 Dissociation = nirjarA Dynamic medium = 2447 Dynamic omniscience state = yoga kevaLI/lIna Eight karmic components = ATha kArmika ghaTaka (karma) Eight qualities of the true-insight = aSTAMga Emission = udaya Empirical Knowledge = manaH paryavajJAna Energy = vIrya Energy obstructing = vIrya-aMtarAya Enlightened world view with careless self-restraint = 4471 virata Enlightened world view with partial self-restraint = deza virata Environmental determining karma = Olial 54 Equanimity = samabhAva Feeling producing = vedanIya Five lower vows = pAMca aNuvrata Five-spiritually high = paMcaparameSThi Forbearance = manonigraha, dhairya Four existences = gati Four principal passions = $414 Fourteen purification stages = guNasthAnako Freedom from anticipation = niHkAMkSita Freedom from disgust = ARABrill Freedom from doubt = niHzaMkita Freedom from false notions = 3476ERE Freedom longing (Catalyst) = Ryoura Greed = lobha Happy = suSamAM Heavenly being = deva Heavy Karmic Matter = 414 Hellish being = nArakI

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pustakamAM vaparAyelI pAribhASika zabdAvalI 157 Human = manuSya Infinite knowledge = kevaLajJAna Inhabited universe = loka AkAza Illumination = 48419 Insight deluding = darzana-mohanIya Jain Holistic principle = anekAntavAda Jain layman = 84195 Karmic body = SLIMS 21212 Karmic bondage/fusion = karmabaMdha Karmic density = kAmika ghanatva Karmic fission/decay = nirjarA Karmic force shield = piaz Karmic force/influx = 2413441 Karmic matter = kAmika dravya Knowledge = siuly Knowledge obscuring = jJAna-AvaraNIya Liberated soul = false Liberation = mokSa Light karmic matter = ysu Lingering enlightened world view = 31124LEY Living being = jIva Longevity determining karma = 2414 sa Luminous capsule = 482421222 Matter = YELL Meditation = 414 Micro-organisms = nigoda Mind = mana Minor vow = aNuvrata Misery = duSamAM Mixture of deluded & Enlightened world view = mizra Mournful Meditation = Buldu14 Mouth mask = muhapattI Natural consciousness = sahaja cetanA Nine reals = nava tattva No sexual deviations = aNu brahmavrata Non-possession = aparigraha

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158 jaina dharmanI vaijJAnika AdhArazilA Non-restrained enlightened world view = zlazd 212401re Nonrestraint = avirati Non-soul/Insentient object = 2400 Non-violence = ahiMsA No-stealing = 242714 Number of karmons in karmic fusion = pradeza Occupied space = als 341518L Omniscience = kevalya Pain producing karma = asAtA-vedanIya Particle-grouping variforms = vageNA Passion = kaSAya Perception = darzana Perception obscuring = darzana-AvaraNIya Perfect being = arihaMta Perverted views = mithyAdarzana Pleasure producing karma = sAtA-vedanIya Pure soul/liberated soul = Release Premeditated violence = saMkalpaja hiMsA Pride = 417 Primary Karma = ghAtIya karma Progressive half cycle = Gratulel si Promoting stability = sthitikaraNa Protential energy in karmon-decay = 244944 Pure trance = zukla dhyAna Purification axis = zuddhIkaraNa akSa Quasi (Subsidiary) Passions = 11-4914 Reflections = anuprekSA Regressive half cycle = 249214130 $10 Restraint = olla Right conduct = samyapha caritra Right faith = 342445 Elly Right knowledge = samyaka jJAna Righteousness = 434 Safeguarding = upagUhana Saint = sAdhu Secondary karma = AghAtIya karma

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1 59 pustakamAM vaparAyelI pAribhASika zabdAvalI Seven fold conditional predication = saptabhaMgI-naya Six existents = 604 Soul = jIva Soul's elements = 14 Space = AkAza Space point = pradeza Speech = 4444 Spiritual master = 2412414 Spiritual teacher = 6411414 Standpoint principle = 44.91EUR Static omniscience state = ayoga-kevalina Stationary Medium = 42 Sub-atom = 2431 Suppression = 64214 Ten-fold righteousness = dasa dharma Three jewels = triratna; ratnatrayI Time = kALa Time to decay of fused karions = Rela Truthfulness = satya Ultimate particle = 42411 Unoccupied space = 24CUS 24181AL Verbal/articulate knowledge = grily Violence = hiMsA Virtuous meditation = 4742414 Volition = bhAva Watchfulness = samiti Wrathful meditation = Risteily

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A pustaka evA Adhunika vicAraka ane vaijJAnike lakhyuM che, je vaijJAnika jJAnanA saMzodhana ane saMprasAraNa mATe AMtararASTrIya kakSAe khyAti dharAve che. "The Scientific Foundations of Jainism" A pustaka jainadharmane spaSTa rIte samajavA mATe mArgadarzaka che. DaoN.maraDiyA kahe che ke jainadharma mujaba koI paNa vyakti "jainavijJAna"nI samagra satyatA e vakhate jANI zake jyAre ene kevaLajJAnanI kSamatA prApta thaI jAya. jainavijJAnanA satyane pragaTa karavAno DaoN.maraDiyAno A prayAsa darzAve che ke teoe jainadharmamAM sAhityano gahana abhyAsa karyo che. A pustaka jainone temaja jainetarone eka mahAna dharmanA udayane samajI ne satya zodhavAmAM ane potAnA astitva ane jIvananA uddezane samajavAmAM sahAyabhUta thaze. "The Jain" Prof. C.R.Rao, FRS April, 1992 Penosylvania State University, USA lekhaka saiddhAMtika bhautikazAstra ane darzana-e baMne kSetranA prakAMDa vidvAna che. A pustaka saraLa ane subodhaka che. prAcIna samayanI durbodha zabdAvalInI jagAe AjanI bhASAmAM navI zabdAvalI temaja saMkalpanAono samuccaya temaNe Apyo che. ApaNe zraddhA rAkhIe ke lekhake darzAvelA pathane bhaviSyamAM aneka vidvAno anusaraze. A pustaka jaina ke jainatara dareka jijJAsue vasAvavuM joIe. "The Jain" Paul Marett March, 1991 A pustakanAM prAraMbhika pAnAM para be bAbato che : (1) "AinsTAinanA A zabda ke dharmarahita vijJAna paMgu che ane vijJAnarahita dharma aMdha che." ane (2) jaina = e vyakti jeNe svayaMne jItI lIdho che. mArI samajamAM saMpUrNa kRti A be mukhya bAbato para kendrita che. ATalAM ochAM pRSThamAM vidvAna lekhake jainadharma ane darzananI lagabhaga saMpUrNa asmitAnuM saphaLatAthI nirUpaNa karyuM che. emaNe ochAmAM ochA zabdomAM vadhumAM vadhu viSayavastu ApavAno prayAsa karyo che. hakIkatamAM eka evA pustakanI AvazyakatA hatI, je vijJAnanI AdhArabhUmi para rahIne jainadharmane enI samagratAmAM darzAvatuM hoya. A kRtie, A sAMskRtika pipAsAne chipAvIne jainadharma/darzananA kSetrane anugrahita karyuM che. "jainadarzana ane vicAra kAlAtIta che" e kathana vidvAna lekhake pagale pagale pramANita karyuM che. lekhakamAM be vizeSatA che : saMtulana ane spaSTatA. Adhunika vijJAnanI varNamALAmAM jaina siddhAMtone vyAkhyAyita karIne lekhake potAnA samayanI peDhI para upakAra karyo che. navI peDhI jainadharmanI prAsaMgikatA ane sArthakatAne hRdayagamya karavA cAhe che. nemIcaMda jaina saMpAdaka, "tIrthakara", indora Elchle alhichte lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidhAmaMdira amadAvAda-380 009