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INTRODUCTION
CXXXV11
Anadhi, all of them do maintain that this series of Samsara will come to an end. At the time of liberation of the soul from material and karmic bondage it is said to attain Moksha or liberation. In this respect also they are at one with the Jaina thinkers that the Samsaia Jiva is capable of liberating itself ultimately from the samsaric cycle of births and deaths and of obtaining its form of intrinsic purity when the soul is called Muktha Jiva or Paramatma Fundamentally therefore there is no distinction between the soul that lives in Samsara and the soul that attains liberation or Moksha The Jivatma of the embodied soul in Samsara is identical with the would be Paramatma The two are one and the same The doctrine that maintains that the Jivatma and Parmatma are intrinsically identical is the fundamental Jaina doctrine of Advaitism, which is also the fundamental doctrine of Advaitism of Sankara of latter days In fact Sankara dismissed all the other systems which do not accept this doctrine as erroneous ones to be discarded and emphasises this doctrine of identity between the Jivatama and Paramatma as his own Sıddhanta The nature of Jiva is Chetana or thought and is therefore quite different from all the other categories which are not so characterised by Chetana or thought The other Achetana categories are called Ajiva in Jaina metaphysics. This term Ajiva includes Pudgala 01 matter, Akasa or space and two other principles called Dharma and Adharma. Principles of equiblıbrium and motion which are peculiar to Jaina Physics.
The four categories which are grouped in the Ajiva class are distinctly non-spiritual and hence incapable of consciousness or thought. They are grouped under Achetana. All Ajiva categories are called Achetana. It is only the Chetana entity, Jiva, that is associated with the consciousness This consciousness or thought which is the characteristic of Jiva may manifest in three distinct psychological activities of cognition. The process of knowing, emotion—the process of feeling pleasure or pains, and co-nation-the process of activity culminating in voluntary activity All Jivas therefore are associated with these
