Prakrit Vidya 1999 07

Author(s): Rajaram Jain, Sudip Jain
Publisher: Kundkund Bharti Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/521355/1

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ISSN No.0971-796X varSa 11, aMka 2, julAI-sitambara 1999 I0 paramapUjya AcAryazrI samantabhadra jI munirAja se bAhubali-kumbhoja meM sUkSma AdhyAtmika carcA meM tallIna __ AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja / ( yaha citra san 1980 I0 kA hai )

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AvaraNa pUjya AcAryazrI samantabhadra jI evaM AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI mahArASTra prAnta ke eka choTe-se gA~va meM janme tejasvI bAlaka devacanda ne zrI arjunalAla seThI jaise krAntikAriyoM ke sAtha snAtaka zikSA prApta karane ke bAda AtmasAdhanA ke pavitra mArga kA anusaraNa kiyA aura pUjya AcArya zAMtisAgara jI se kSullaka dIkSA grahaNa kii| zrAmaNya kI kaThora sAdhanA ke lie apane Apako taiyAra kara AcAryazrI vardhamAnasAgara jI ( AcArya zAMtisAgara jI ke bar3e bhAI) se munidIkSA aMgIkAra kI aura bIsavIM zatAbdI ke mahAn saMta 'samantabhadra munirAja' ke rUpa meM deza aura samAja ko eka mahAn zikSAvid, manISI sAdhaka, nispRha tapasvI ke advitIya vyaktitva kI prApti huI / Apake dUradarzI ciMtana ne dakSiNa bhArata meM samAja ke zaikSaNika stara meM saMskAra - samanvita sudhAra ke lie gurukula-zikSA praNAlI kA sUtrapAta huA tathA ApazrI ke pAvana saMsparza se pravartita 18 gurukula mahArASTra evaM karnATaka prAMtoM meM Aja bhI cala rahe haiM; jinameM hajAroM vidyArthI jJAnArjana kara rahe haiN| Apane gurukula praNAlI ke sUkSma adhyayana ke lie gurukula kAMgar3I (haridvAra) jAkara gurukula ke vAtAvaraNa evaM prabaMdha vyavasthA kA sAkSAt avalokana kiyA / pRSTha ke bAre meM Apa lokaiSaNA se atyanta dUra the, yahA~ taka ki Apane yAvajjIvana 'AcArya' padavI taka svIkAra nahIM kI, varan Apake svargArohaNa ke pazcAt caturvidha saMgha evaM samAja ne Apako yaha pada saMbodhita kiyaa| yahI nahIM, Apane apanI samAdhi se pUrva spaSTa nirdeza de diyA thA ki dehatyAga ke bAda zarIra kI koI zobhAyAtrA yA jalUsa nahIM nikalegA, dahana - kriyA meM caMdana kI lakar3iyA~ nahIM DAlIM jAyeMgIM tathA Apake nAma se koI saMsthA nahIM banAyI jAyegI / Apake karakamaloM se AryanaMdi jI munirAja evaM mahAbala jI munirAja jaise saMtoM kI dIkSAvidhi huI, to bra0 tAtyA jI ca~vare, bra0 mANikacaMda jI bhisIkara, bra0 gajAbahina jaise dazAdhika brahmacArI vidvAnoM kI samarpita pIr3hI kA nirmANa huA / Apa svayaM nirantara granthoM ke sAtha AgamagraMthoM ke svAdhyAya meM lIna rahate the tathA Apake AzIrvAda se sthApita anekAnta zodha saMsthAna, bAhubali kuMbhoja ke dvArA DaoN0 e0ena0 upAdhye, DaoN0 vilAsa saMgave, Adi aneka variSTha manISiyoM ke dvArA AgamagraMthoM ke prAmANika saMskaraNa evaM mahattvapUrNa kRtiyoM kA nirmANa hokara unakA prakAzana huA / ApazrI ke hI AzIrvAda se tIrthoM kI surakSA lie Aja se 2 varSa pUrva eka karor3a rupayoM kI rAzi kA dhruvaphaMDa banA / ApazrI kA 97 varSa kI Ayu meM samAdhimaraNa huA / AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja se AcAryapravara samantabhadra jI kA vizeSa vAtsalya thaa| 1988 I0 meM A0 samantabhadra jI ke pAsa rahakara AcArya vidyAnanda jI ne sAmAyika kI prAyogika vidhi, zAstroM se noTsa lene kI kalA evaM dhyAnasAdhanA kI sUkSmavidhiyA~ sIkhIM / AcArya vidyAnanda jI kI preraka sannidhi meM san 1983 I0 meM samantabhadra divyAvadAna samAroha' kA bhavya Ayojana huA / ina do mahAn saMtoM kA yaha pAvana milana 'maNikAMcana yoga' ke samAna preraNAspada rahA / samAja ko ina do mahAn vibhUtiyoM se preraNA evaM dRSTi mile, isa bhAvanA se yaha durlabha citra yahA~ prakAzita hai| - sampAdaka

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| ISSN No. 0971-796 x / / jayadu sud-devdaa|| prAkRta-vidyA __ pAgada-vijjA PRAKRIT-VIDYA Pagad-Vijja zaurasenI, prAkRta evaM sAMskRtika mUlyoM kI traimAsikI zodha-patrikA The quarterly Research Journal of Shaurseni, Prakrit & Cultural Values vIrasaMvat 2525 julAI-sitambara 1999 I0 varSa 11 aMka 2 Veersamvat 2525 July-September 1999 Year 11 Issue 2 AcArya kundakunda samAdhi saMvat 2012 mAnada pradhAna sampAdaka pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina nidezaka, kundakunda bhAratI jaina zodha saMsthAna Hon. Chief Editor PROF. (DR.) RAJA RAM JAIN Director, K.K.B. Jain Research Institute mAnada sampAdaka Hon. Editor DaoN0 sudIpa jaina DR. SUDEEP JAIN ema.e. (prAkRta), pI-eca.DI. M.A. (Prakrit), Ph.D. Publisher SURESH CHANDRA JAIN prakAzaka zrI sureza candra jaina maMtrI zrI kundakunda bhAratI TrasTa Secretary Shri Kundkund Bharti Trust vArSika sadasyatA zulka eka aMka - pacAsa rupaye (bhArata) - pandraha rupaye (bhArata) 6.0 $ (DAlara) bhArata ke bAhara 1.5 $ (DAlara) bhArata ke bAhara prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 001

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DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI pro0 ( DaoN0 ) premasumana jaina sampAdaka- maNDala paM0 mahAvIra zAstrI zrI kundakunda bhAratI ( prAkRta bhavana ) 18 - bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI-110067 phona (011)6564510 phaiksa (011) 6856286 prabandha sampAdaka DaoN0 vIrasAgara jaina 002 paM0 (i) zeSaM zaurasenIvat / / 8 /4/302 / / Kundkund Bharti (Prakrit Bhawan) 18-B, Spl. Institutional Area New Delhi-110067 Phone (91-11)6564510 Fax (91-11) 6856286 "nAmAkhyAtopasargeSu, nipAteSu ca saMskRtA / prAkRtI zaurasenI ca, bhASA yatra trayI smRtA / / " DaoN0 udayacandra jaina jaina upAdhye, ema0e0 (prAkRta) jayakumAra artha:--nAma, AkhyAta, upasarga aura nipAtoM meM saMskRta, prAkRta aura zaurasenI ye tIna bhASAyeM thI / asyAH mAgadhyAH prakRtiH zaurasenIti veditavyam / -(AcArya raviSeNa, 'padmapurANa', 24 / 11 ) (i) prakRtiH zaurasenI / / 10/2 / / asyAH paizAcyAH prakRtiH zaurasenI / sthitAyAM zaurasenyAM paizAcI lakSaNaM pravartayitavyam / (ii) prakRtiH shaursenii|| 11/2 / / mAgadhyAM yaduktaM, tato'nyacchaurasenIvad drssttvym| (vararucikRta 'prAkRtaprakAza' se) (ii) zeSaM zaurasenIvat / / 8/4/323 / / paizAcyAM yaduktaM, tato'nyaccheSaM paizAcyAM zaurasenIvad bhavati / (iii) zaurasenIvat / / 8/4/446 / / apabhraMze prAyaH zaurasenIvat kAryaM bhavati / apabhraMza-bhASAyAM prAyaH zaurasenI - bhASA - tulyaM kAryaM jAyate; zaurasenI - bhASAyAH ye niyamAH santi, teSAM pravRttirapabhraMzabhASAyAmapi jAyate / (hamacandrakRta 'prAkRtavyAkaraNa' se) prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara 199

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anukrama kra. zIrSaka 01. sampAdakIya : vidvatsevA kI rajata jayaMtI : /02. kAyotsarga : paramAtmA banane kA vidhAna lekhaka DaoN0 sudIpa jaina AcArya vidyAnanda muni 9 bizambharanAtha pAMDe rAjamala jaina AcArya vidyAnanda muni DaoN0 ena0 sureza kumAra pro0 rAjArAma jaina kundana lAla jaina DaoN0 vidyAvatI jaina 03. vastrAveSTita sAdhu : kRSNA menana 04. jaina-saMskRti evaM tIrthaMkara-paramparA 05. 'prAcIna bhArata' pustaka meM...... 06. svAdhyAya 07. Ayariya-siri-vijjANaMda-mahAmuNi-thuvaM (kavitA) 08. tisaTThi-mahApurANa-purisa-AyAra-guNAlaMkAru 09. apabhraMza kI sarasa sazakta jainakRti 'cUnaDI rAsaka' 10. apabhraMza ke Adya mahAkavi svayaMbhU evaM unake nArIpAtra / , 11. ahiMsA : eka vizvadharma 12. DaoN0 luDaviga alsaDorpha 13. AdibrahmA tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva 14. hamArI badrInAtha-yAtrA 15. jinadharma-prabhAvaka AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI 16. bihAra ke kucha pavitra jainatIrtha 17. pustaka-samIkSA 18. abhimata 19. samAcAra darzana zrImatI raMjanA jaina DaoN0 abhaya prakAza jaina DaoN0 sudIpa jaina DaoN0 premacaMda rAMvakA DaoN0 rameza caMda jaina rUpakamala caudharI 20. isa aMka ke lekhaka-lekhikAyeM prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '99 003

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"appA dIbeva jaladi" -(prabodha candrodaya, 3/45) artha:--AtmA apanI jJAnajyoti se dIpaka kI bhA~ti ha prakAzita hotA hai| "dIvAu dIvi pajjalai batti" --(mahApurANa, 2/20) artha: dIpaka se hI anya dIpaka kI battI prajvalita hotI hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pAvana nirvANa divasa ke zubha avasara para prakAzaparva dIpAvalI Apake jIvana meM nirmalajJAna kA maMgalamaya prakAza phailAye - isa maMgala kAmanA ke sAtha samasta dharmAnurAgI pAThakoM ko koTiza: shubhkaamnaayeN| hI -sampAdaka 'vIra nirvANa divasa' kArtika kRSNa amAvasyA ko hai tathA vIra nirvANa saMvat 2526 kArtika zukla pratipadA se prArambha hogaa| 004 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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sampAdakIya vidvatsevA kI rajata-jayantI ___-DaoN0 sudIpa jaina prAcInakAla meM vidvAnoM ke samAgama zikSAkendroM ke atirikta mAtra saMtoM kI saMgati meM evaM rAjadhAniyoM meM hI huA karate the| vartamAna bhArata gaNatantra kI rAjadhAnI naI dillI meM vidvAnoM kI aisI koI samAgama-saMsthA nahIM thI, jo mAtra vidvatsevA evaM jJAnaprasAra ke lie hI samarpita ho| vidvAnoM kI bhAvanA thI ki yadi aisI saMsthA meM saMtoM ke sAnnidhya kA bhI rAjadhAnI meM sulabha ho sake, to pratibhA evaM sAdhanA kA sumela camatkArI niSkarSa pradAna kara sakatA hai| ___susaMyogavaza zAsananAyaka bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 2500veM nirvANa-mahotsava varSa (1974I0) ke suavasara para jaba pUjya munizrI vidyAnanda jI dillI meM virAjamAna the, to dillI samAja ke pramukha paMca dharmAnurAgI zrI parasAdIlAla jI pATanI ne pUjya munizrI se vinatI kI ki "pUjyapAda ! ApazrI ke mana meM vidvAnoM ke prati jo apAra vAtsalya hai, use mUrtarUpa pradAna karane kI kRpA kreN|" pUjya munizrI ne pUchA ki "pATanI jI ! Apa kyA kahanA cAhate haiM? kRpayA spaSTa kreN|" pATanI jI bole ki "munivara ! rAjadhAnI dillI meM vidvAnoM ke lie samarpita koI saMsthA nahIM hai, Apa kRpA kara samAja ko aisI saMsthA banAne kI preraNA deN| ApazrI ke maMgala AzIrvAda se isa zubha avasara para yaha kArya AsAnI se sampanna ho sakatA hai|" pUjya munizrI ne taba vicAra karane' kA AzvAsana dekara unheM saMtRpta kiyaa| ___ isake bAda samAja ke sarvamAnya netA dharmAnurAgI zrI sAhU zAntiprasAda jI jaina, bAbU ghanazyAma dAsa jI multAnI, paM0 bAbUlAla jI jamAdAra, paM0 vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI evaM paM0 balabhadra jI Adi se AcAryazrI ne isa viSaya meM vyAvahArika pakSoM para vyApaka vicAra vimarza kiyaa| isa prakriyA meM lagabhaga 2-3 mAha kA samaya vyatIta ho gyaa| aMtata: varSa 1974 I0 ke dazalakSaNa mahAparva' uttama tyAgadharma ke dina bhAdrapada zukla dvAdazI ke dina pUjya AcAryazrI ne apane maMgala AzIrvAda ke dvArA saMsthA kA nAmakaraNa 'kundakunda bhAratI' kiyA evaM samAja ke dharmaprANa nara-nAriyoM ne isakI sthApanA ke nimitta muktahasta se dravya dAna meM diyaa| mAtAoM-bahinoM ne to apane svarNAbhUSaNa bhI vipula mAtrA meM samarpita kiye| samAja ke pramukha pandraha gaNamAnya mahAnubhAvoM ko isa saMsthAna kA nyAsI (TrasTI) niyukta kiyA gayA evaM ise nyAsa (TrasTa) ke rUpa meM vidhivat rajisTarDa bhI karA diyA gyaa| isake saMvidhAna ke anusAra pratyeka tIsare varSa meM isake vidhivat prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 005

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cunAva hote haiM tathA samaya-samaya para mITiMgoM meM TrasTIgaNa saMsthA kI gatividhiyoM kI samIkSA karate hue isake kAryoM, yojanAoM ko svIkRti dete haiN| ___ isa saMsthA ko bhUmi rAjadhAnI ke zaikSaNika kSetra meM apekSita thI, to tatkAlIna pradhAnamaMtrI bhadrapariNAmI dharmAnurAgiNI zrImatI iMdirA gA~dhI jI ne ise bhUmi pradAna karAyI, jisa para isa saMsthA kA parisara evaM bhavana Aja vidyamAna hai| isa saMsthA ke tatkAlIna adhyakSa dharmAnurAgI sva0 zrI kazmIracaMda jI godhA ne svayaM khar3e rahakara nirIkSaNa karate hue uttama sAmagrI se tIna varSa meM isakA nirmANa kArya kraayaa| saMsthA ke sthAyitva ke lie apekSita Arthika saMsAdhanoM kI anavaratatA bhI apekSita thI, to AdaraNIya dharmAnurAgI samAjasevI sAhU zrI azoka jaina jI kI adhyakSatA meM isa saMsthA kI prAraMbhika anivArya AvazyakatAoM ke anurUpa dhruvaphaMDa banAyA gyaa| sAtha hI vidvadvarya sva0 paM0 balabhadra jI ke nirdezana meM mahattvapUrNa prakAzanoM kI paramparA pravartita huI, jisameM prAraMbhika varSoM meM samayasAra, niyamasAra, dravyasaMgraha jaise mahattvapUrNa graMthoM ke upayogI saMskaraNa prakAzita huye| jaina-paraMparA kI mUlabhASA tathA bhAratavarSa kI prAcInatama janabhASA zaurasenI prAkRta ke saMrakSaNa, saMvardhana evaM pracAra-prasAra ke nimitta 'prAkRtavidyA' nAmaka traimAsikI zodha-patrikA kA prakAzana-kArya bhI isa saMsthA ke dvArA kiyA jA rahA hai| isakA zubhAraMbha AcArya kundakunda ke dvisahasrAbdI varSa ke zubha avasara para variSTha vidvAn pro0 premasumana jaina, udayapura (rAja0) ke saMpAdakatva meM huA thA, phira dillI se ise paM0 balabhadra jI kA saMpAdakatva prApta huaa| unake uparAnta yaha DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ke saMpAdakatva meM eka suyogya saMpAdaka-maMDala ke nirdezana meM nirantara pragatizIla hai| isI saMsthA ke dvArA zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA ke vikAsa kI dRSTi se prathamata: zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI-16 meM 'AcArya kundakunda-smRti vyAkhyAnamAlA' kI sthApanA kI gayI, jisake antargata prativarSa kisI eka variSTha vidvAn ke zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA evaM sAhitya ke vividha pakSoM meM se kinhIM do binduoM para sAragarbhita evaM zodhapUrNa vyAkhyAna garimApUrvaka Ayojita kiye jAte haiN| vizvavidyAlaya ke niyamAnusAra hI AmaMtrita vidvAn kA sammAna bhI kiyA jAtA hai| ullekhanIya bAta yaha hai ki isa Ayojana meM dillI ke sthAnIya vidvAnoM ke atirikta vidyApITha se sabhI vibhAgoM ke variSTha vidvAn, zodhachAtra, chAtra-chAtrAyeM evaM jijJAsugaNa sammilita hote haiN| samAjasevA evaM sAhityArAdhanA meM apanA jIvana samarpita karanevAle vidvAnoM ko kRtajJabhAva se sammAnita kara unakI yazogAthA se samAja ko paricita karAne kI dRSTi se isa saMsthA ke tattvAvadhAna meM do pramukha puraskAra prativarSa diye jAte haiN| prAkRtabhASA evaM sAhitya ke kSetra meM ullekhanIya kArya karanevAle vidvAna ko 'AcArya kundakunda puraskAra' tathA saMskRtabhASA evaM sAhitya ke kSetra meM ullekhanIya kArya karanevAle vidvAn ko 'AcArya 106 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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umAsvAmI puraskAra' diye jAte haiN| inameM sammAnya vidvAn ko eka-eka lAkha rupayoM kI mAnadhana-rAzi ke sAtha prazastipatra, smRticihna, zaoNla, zrIphala Adi bhavya samAroha meM garimApUrvaka samarpita kiye jAte haiN| __ prAkRtabhASA evaM sAhitya tathA jainadarzana ke kSetra meM ucca adhyayana evaM zodhakArya karanevAle medhAvI evaM jarUratamaMda chAtroM ko isa saMsthAna kI ora se prativarSa chAtravRttiyA~ bhI dI jAtI haiN| isameM jaina evaM jainetara sabhI vargoM ke chAtra-chAtrAoM ko samAnarUpa se yogyatA ke AdhAra para chAtravRttiyA~ dI jAtI haiM, tAki una chAtra-chAtrAoM ko ina vidyAoM ke adhyayana meM protsAhana mile aura unakA bhaviSya acchA bana ske| isake atirikta samAja meM tattvajJAna ke pracAra-prasAra kI dRSTi se jainatattvajJAna ke acche jJAtA vidvAn bhI isa saMsthA se jur3akara kArya kara rahe haiN| saMsthAna ke nidezaka pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina, jo ki akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvatpariSad ke adhyakSa bhI haiM, vibhinna mahattvapUrNa avasaroM para samAja ko apane vaiduSya se nispRhabhAva se lAbhAnvita karAte rahate haiN| saMsthAna ke upanidezaka DaoN0 sudIpa jaina bhI rAjendra nagara Adi kSetroM meM kaI varSoM se zAstra-svAdhyAya evaM tattvacarcA ke mAdhyama se dharma-prabhAvanA karate hue mahatI samAjasevA kara rahe haiN| jaina vidhi-vidhAna, vAstuzAstra evaM jaina jyotiSa kI dRSTi se isa saMsthA meM samAja kI sevA karane ke lie eka svataMtra vibhAga kAryarata hai| ina vidyAoM ke acche vidvAn DaoN0 jayakumAra upAdhye varSoM se samAja kI mahatI AvazyakatA kI pUrti kara rahe haiN| saMsthA se jur3e eka anya vidvAn DaoN0 vIrasAgara jaina bhI vigata kucha dinoM se grInapArka ke digambara jaina maMdira meM pratidina prAta:kAla zAstra-svAdhyAya kara dharmaprabhAvanA kara rahe haiN| samAja meM yadi kisI bhI vyakti ko sallekhanA, saMbodhana Adi kI sthiti hotI hai, to saMsthA binA kisI apekSA ke yathAsaMbhava vidvAnoM kA sAnnidhya upalabdha karAtI hai, tAki logoM kA dharma ke prati AkarSaNa bar3he aura pArasparika sauhArda bhI bddh'e| satsAhitya kA prakAzana karake tathA use yathAsaMbhava samAjasevA kI bhAvanA se upayukta supAtroM taka pahu~cAkara bhI isa saMsthA ne atyadhika ullekhanIya kArya kiye haiN| aba taka paccIsa se adhika graMthoM/pustakoM kI lAkhoM pratiyA~ saMsthA dvArA prasArita kI jA cukI haiN| * saMsthA meM saMtoM kA sAnnidhya bhI prAya: upalabdha rahatA hai, jisase yahA~ darzanArthiyoM evaM dharmAnurAgiyoM kA samparka nirantara banA rahatA hai| sAtha hI vAtAvaraNa kI pavitratA ke sAtha-sAtha nirantara jJAna evaM tapa kI sugaMdha vyApta rahatI hai| ___ hamAre AcAryoM kI priyabhASA, bhArata kI mUlajanabhASA evaM AgamagraMthoM kI mAdhyamabhASA 'prAkRta' kI prabhAvanA kI dRSTi se isa saMsthA ke dvArA zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha (mAnita vizvavidyAlaya), naI dillI-110016 meM tIna varSa pUrva prAkRtabhASA prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 007

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ke aMzakAlIna pramANapatrIya' evaM 'DiplomA' pAThyakramoM kI sthApanA meM mahattvapUrNa yogadAna kiyA thA, jisake phalasvarUpa vigata tIna varSoM meM zatAdhika jijJAsuoM ne vahA~ se ukta pAThyakramoM kA lAbha liyA hai tathA niyamitarUpa se inameM sammilita hokara ucca aMkoM se ye parIkSAyeM uttIrNa kI haiN| inhIM kI saphalatA se prerita hokara isa vidyApITha ne kendra sarakAra ko pUrNa pragati-vivaraNa dikhAte hue svataMtra prAkRtabhASA vibhAga kI sthApanA gatavarSa karAyI hai| isameM satra 1998-99 se vidhivat adhyayana-adhyApanakArya prAraMbha ho gayA hai tathA do vidvAnoM kI vidhivat niyukti bhI isameM ho cukI hai| ye sabhI pAThyakrama DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ke saMyojakatva meM pravartita evaM saMcAlita haiN| kiMtu ina sabake mUla meM pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja kA maMgala AzIrvAda tathA vidyApITha ke saMsthApaka kulapati DaoN0 maNDana mizra jI evaM vartamAna kulapati pro0 vAcaspati upAdhyAya jI kA apAra zrama, niSThA evaM sahayoga hI pramukha tattva hai; anyathA prAkRtabhASA ke pracAra-prasAra me saMjIvanI kA kArya karane vAle ye kAryakrama pravartita ho sakanA hI asaMbhava the| isake lie saMsthA ukta kulapatidvaya (DaoN0 maNDana mizra jI evaM pro0 vAcaspati upAdhyAya jI) kA upakAra kabhI nahIM bhUla sakatI hai| ___ isa saMsthA kA mUlamaMtra hai-"na hi kRtamapakAraM sAdhavo vismaranti / " jo loga "kAryAnte taNaM manyate" (arthAt kAma nikala jAne para vyakti kI pUrNata: upekSA kara dI jAtI hai) kI anIti meM AsthA rakhate haiM, yaha saMsthA unakI chAyA taka se dUra rahakara kRtajJatA kI bhAvanA kA sarvopari mAnatI hai| ina donoM mahAnubhAvoM (DaoN0 maNDana mizra jI evaM pro0 vAcaspati upAdhyAya jI) ne prAkRtabhASA ke pracAra-prasAra meM apAra sahayoga kara hamAre pUrvaja vidvAnoM, kaviyoM, AcAryoM ke apAra prAkRta-sAhitya ko evaM usameM nihita jJAna-vijJAna ko apekSita bane rahane se bacAyA hai tathA bIsavIM zatAbdI meM punarjIvita karane kA mahAn kArya kiyA hai| apane saMsthApakoM se lekara samasta samAjaseviyoM, vidvAnoM, sahayogiyoM Adi kA yaha saMsthA kRtajJabhAva se upakAra mAnatI hai tathA saMtoM, manISiyoM evaM samAja ke karNadhAroM se mArgadarzana karate hue niraMtara samAjasevA evaM dharmaprabhAvanA ke sAtha-sAtha rASTra ke zaikSika vikAsa meM apane yogadAna ke prati pUrNata: sajaga rahakara samarpitabhAva se vigata paccIsa varSoM se kAryarata hai| tathA inhIM upalabdhiyoM se preraNA prApta kara Age aura bhI utsAha, lagana evaM samarpaNa kI bhAvanA se rASTra evaM samAja kI sevA meM samarpita rahane kA dRr3ha saMkalpa lekara kartavyapatha para agrasara hai| _ 'paracintA'dhamA'dhamA' "jo dUsaroM ko apane dharma meM dIkSita kara dUsaroM kI AtmAoM kA uddhAra karate phirate | haiM, ve prAya: apanI AtmA ko bhUla jAte haiN|" -vivekAnanda 008 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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kAyotsarga : paramAtmA banane kA vidhAna . -AcArya vidyAnanda muni pradarzana kI kAmanA se rahita sarala, nizchala sAdhanA ko vartamAnayugIna cintana ke anurUpa vaijJAnika dharAtala kI kasauTI para parakhakara usakI yathArtha evaM AgamAnukUla vyAvahArika pariNati apane jIvana meM apanAne evaM usa anubhUti-pramANita satya ko deza evaM samAja ke bIca doTUka rUpa meM prastuta karane kI pUjya AcAryazrI kI vizeSatA sarvavidita hai| rUr3hi se kiye jAne vAlI kriyAoM kI khAnApUrti ko vAstavikatA evaM vyAvahArika upayogitA ke Aloka meM kA~ca va maNi kI bhA~ti bhedajJAna-sahita prastuti unake ciMtana kA maulika guNa hai| 'kAyotsarga' jaisI Avazyaka vidhi ke bAre meM unakI lekhanI se prasUta yaha dizAbodhaka Alekha samasta zramaNoM va zrAvakoM ko paThanIya evaM mananIya hai| -sampAdaka para-padArthoM kI Asakti ke prabala bandhana meM ba~dhA huA yaha jIva paryApta zAstrajJAna kara lene para bhI saMsAracakra meM mukti kA mArga prApta nahIM kara pAtA hai| tathA parapadArthoM meM Asakti jur3ane kA mUlakAraNa zarIra hai| ata: yadi prApta zarIra se moha-mamatA kI bhAvanA yadi zithila par3e, tabhI yaha jIva mokSamArga kI ora agrasara ho sakatA hai| isa nimitta jainasAdhanA meM eka viziSTa kriyA kA abhyAsa nityaprati karane kA vidhAna hai, jise 'kAyotsarga' kahate haiN| isa pada meM do zabda haiM--kAya + utsarga / 'kAya' arthAt zarIra evaM 'utsarga' yAni tyAga; -- isaprakAra 'zarIra kA tyAga' arthAt zarIra evaM zarIra se sambaddha padArthoM meM Asakti evaM mamatva kA tyAga kara Atmastha hone kI naiSThika ceSTA hI kAyotsarga' hai| zAstrIya zabdAvali meM "bAhara meM kSetra-vAstu Adi padArthoM kA tathA aMtas meM krodhAdi kaSAyoM kA nitya tyAga karanA, tathA aniyatakAla ke lie zarIra kA tyAga karanA hI 'kAyotsarga' hai| ise 'vyutsarga tapa' yA 'vyutsarga prAyazcitta' bhI kahate haiN| zarIra se mamatva haTAkara bAharI viparItatAoM se aprabhAvita rahakara jaghanya antarmuhUrta se lekara utkRSTa eka varSa-paryanta nizcala khar3e rahanA 'kAyotsarga' hai|" 'kAyotsarga' kI paribhASA vibhinna graMthoM meM nimnAnusAra prApta hotI hai:1. kAyAdI-paradavve thirabhAvaM pariharattu appaannN| __tassa have taNusaggaM jo jhAyadi NibbiyappeNa / / -(NiyamasAra, 121) artha:-jo bhavyajIva zarIra Adi paradravyoM meM Asakti/lInatA chor3akara nija-AtmA kA nirvikalparUpa se dhyAna karatA hai, use 'kAyotsarga' hotA hai| 2. "jiNaguNa-ciMtaNajutto kAussaggo tnnuvisggo|" - (mUlAcAra, 28) artha:-jinendra paramAtmA ke vItarAgatA Adi guNoM kA ciMtana karatA huA jIva jaba prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 009

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deha meM mamatva chor3a detA hai, to vahI kAyotsarga' kahalAtA hai| 3. "parimitakAlaviSayA zarIre mamatvanivRtti: kaayotsrg:|" -(tattvArtharAjavArtika, 6/24/11) artha:-sImita/maryAdita kAla ke lie zarIra se mamatva kA tyAga karanA kAyotsarga' hai| 4. "jJAtvA yo'cetanaM kAyaM nazvaraM krmnirmitm| na tasya vartate kArye kAyotsarga karoti sa: / / " - (yogasAraprAbhRta, 5/52) artha:-jo bhavyajIva zarIra ko acetana, vinAzazIla evaM karmanirmita jAnakara usake poSaNa Adi kAryoM se virata hotA hai; vahI 'kAyotsarga' kara sakatA hai| 5. "sarUva-ciMtaNarado dujjaNa-suyaNANa jo hu mjjhttho| dehe vi Nimmamatto kAussaggo tado tassa / / " - (kArtikeyAnuprekSA, 486) artha:-jo sAdhaka nijAtmasvarUpa ke ciMtana meM lIna rahatA hai, sajjana evaM durjana ke bIca madhyasthabhAva rakhatA hai, tathA zarIra se bhI mamatvarahita hotA hai; usake 'kAyotsarga' hotA hai| 6. "sarveSAM janAnAM kAyeSu bahvaya: kriyA: vidyante, tAsAM nivRtti: kAyotsargaH, sa eva guptirbhavati: / " - (niyamasAra gAthA 70 kI tAtparyavRtti' TIkA) artha:-sabhI vyaktiyoM kI zarIroM meM anekavidha kriyAyeM hotI haiM, una kriyAoM kI nivRtti hai 'kAyotsarga' hai| isI kA dUsarA nAma 'gupti' bhI hai| 'mUlAcAra' grantha meM 'kAyotsarga' ko 'duHkha kA nAza karane kI vidhi' kahA gayA hai| 'kAyotsarga' ke do prakAra mAne gaye haiM- 1. mAnasika aura 2. kAyika / 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' graMtha kI TIkA meM unake bAre meM kahA gayA hai ki "mana se zarIra meM 'yaha merA hai' --aisI buddhi kA tyAga karanA 'mAnasa kAyotsarga' hai tathA donoM hAtha nIce chor3akara donoM pairoM meM cAra aMgulamAtra kA antara rakhakara nizcala khar3e honA 'kAyika kAyotsarga' hai|" yahI bAta AcArya kundakunda ne 'mUlAcAra' meM bhI kahI hai "vosarida-bAhujugalo caduraMgula-aMtareNa smpaado| savvaMga-calaNarahido kAussaggo visuddho du / / " --- (gAthA 650) _ 'kAyotsarga' kI vidhi ke sambandha meM paMDita zivAzAdharasUri likhate haiM--"kAyotsarga ke samaya apanI prANavAyu ko bhItara praviSTa karake use Ananda se mukulita hRdayarUpI kamala meM sthira kara 'jinamudrA' ke dvArA 'NamokAra maMtra' kA dhyAna karanA caahiye| 'Namo arihaMtANaM' kA japa karate samaya prANavAyu zvAsa ke rUpa meM aMdara khIMceM tathA phira pUrvokta vidhi se use antas meM thor3I dera sthira karake 'Namo siddhANaM' kA japa karate hue nizvAsa ke rUpa meM bAhara nikAla deN| punaH 'Namo AiriyANaM' meM zvAsa evaM 'Namo uvajjhAyANaM' meM ni:zvAsa, 'Namo loe' meM zvAsa evaM 'savvasAhUNaM' meM ni:zvAsa; - isI vidhi se kreN| isaprakAra tIna zvAsocchvAsoM meM eka maMtra-jApa pUrNa hotA hai| aise nau bAra prayoga karane 00 10 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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se karmarAzi bhasma hone lagatI hai| 'prANAyAma' kI isa vidhi meM asamartha sAdhu vAcika japa' ke dvArA maMtrajApa kara sakatA hai; parantu vaha anya kisI ko sunAI na par3e, itane maMda svara meM honA caahie| phira bhI mAnasa evaM vAcika jApoM ke phala meM bar3A aMdara hai| daNDakoM ke uccAraNa se sau gunA adhika puNyasaMcaya vAcika japa' meM tathA hajAraguNA adhika puNyasaMcaya 'mAnasa japa' meM hotA hai| 'kAyotsarga' IryApathika, daivasika, rAtrika, pAkSika, cAturmAsika, vArSika evaM uttamArtha --ina sAta avasaroM para kiye jAne se kAlakramAnusAra sAta prakAra ke mAne gaye haiN| inameM ucchvAsa ke anusAra bhI antara par3atA hai| jaiseki 27 ucchvAsa daivasika meM rAtrika meM 54 ucchvAsa, pAkSika meM 300 ucchvAsa, cAturmAsika meM 400 ucchvAsa, vArSika meM 500 ucchvAsa Adi kA krama mAnA gayA hai| inake atirikta gocarI' se Ane para, laghu va dIrghazaMkA ke bAda 25-25 ucchvAsa, graMthArambha evaM graMtha-samApti para 27-27 ucchvAsoM kA kAyotsarga kiyA jAtA hai| ___kAyotsarga ke lie pUrva dizA, uttara dizA athavA pUrvottara dizA (IzAna koNa) kI ora mu~ha karake athavA jinapratimA kI ora muMha karake AlocanA ke lie kAyotsarga' kiyA jAtA hai| yaha 'kAyotsarga' ekAnta evaM bAdhArahita (dUsaroM ke AvAgamanarahita) sthAna meM karanA caahie| _ 'kAyotsarga' ke prayojana batAte hue AcArya bhaTTa akalaMkadeva likhate haiM--"ni:saMgatva, nirbhayatva, jIvita rahane kI AzA ke tyAga, doSoM kA ucchedana, mokSamArga kI prabhAvanA evaM usake nimitta samarpita rahane (tatparatva) Adi kI dRSTi se 'kAyotsarga' karanA Avazyaka hai| yahA~ koI prazna kare ki zarIra kA tyAga to maraNa hone para hI hotA hai, phira maraNa ke binA kAyotsarga' kaise saMbhava hotA hai? isakA uttara 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' graMtha kI gAthA 116 kI TIkA meM nimnAnusAra diyA gayA hai-- "zarIra kA bichoha na hote hue bhI zarIra kI azucitA, anityatA, asAratA, du:khahetutA evaM anaMta saMsAra meM paribhramaNa kA kAraNapanA -- ityAdi doSoM kA vicAra kara yaha zarIra merA nahIM hai aura maiM isakA svAmI nahIM hU~' -aise saMkalpa se zarIra ke prati AsaktibhAva kA abhAva ho jAne se zarIra kA tyAga siddha ho jAtA hai| jaise ki priyatamA patnI se kucha aparAdha ho jAne para usI ghara meM pati ke sAtha rahatI huI bhI prema haTa jAne se vaha 'tyAgI huI' kahI jAtI hai, usIprakAra Asakti ke abhAva meM yahA~ kAyotsarga' jAnanA caahie| tathA sAdhujana zarIra kA bichoha hone ke kAraNoM ko dUra karane meM nirutsuka rahate haiM, isalie bhI unake 'kAyotsarga' kahA jAnA yuktisaMgata hI hai|" ___ 'nizcaya kAyotsarga' ke bAre meM AcArya padmaprabhamaladhArideva niyamasAra' kI TIkA meM likhate haiM prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 10 11

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"kAyotsargo bhavati satataM nizcayAt saMyatAnAm / kAyodbhUtaM prabalataratatkarmamukte: sakAzAt / / vAcAM jalpa-prakara-viratenisAnAM nivRtte: / svAtmadhyAnAdapi ca niyataM svAtmaniSThAparANAm / / " - (kalaza 191) artha:-jo nizcaya se svAtmaniSThAparAyaNa (AtmadhyAna meM lIna) haiM, jinhoMne prabala zArIrika kriyAoM ko tyAga diyA hai, vAcika jalpasamUha se bhI jo virata haiM tathA mAnasika vikalpoM se bhI nivRtta haiM --aise saMyamI jIvoM ke nija AtmA ke dhyAna ke kAraNa nizcaya se nirantara kAyotsarga' hotA hai| AcArya kundakunda ne 'kAyotsarga' ko 'mokSa kA upakArI' batAyA hai"kAussaggaM mokkhapahe dehasayaM ghaadikmm-adicaarN| icchAmi ahiTThA, jinnsevid-desidttaado||" - (mUlAcAra 7/651) artha:-yaha 'kAyotsarga' mokSamArga kA upakArI hai, ghAtiyA karmoM kA bhI vinAzaka hai, use maiM hRdaya se svIkAratA hU~; kyoMki vItarAga jinendra bhagavantoM ne isakA sevana kiyA hai aura sevana karane kA upadeza bhI diyA hai| ___ Azcarya kI bAta hai ki mokSamArga ke itane mahattvapUrNa aMga kAyotsarga' kI vyAvahArika prakriyA ko digambara jaina samAja prAya: bhUla cukA hai| mAtra rUr3hivaza yatkiMcit rUpa se hama karate haiN| jabaki isakI bAhya vidhi bhI bar3I vaijJAnika hai| prasannatA kI bAta hai ki digambara jainAcAryoM ke graMthoM kA gahana svAdhyAya karanevAle zvetAmbara jaina terApaMtha ke vartamAna AcArya mahAprajJa jI ne varSoM pahile isakI bAhya vidhi kI sUkSma zodha lagAkara apanA hai aura ise udArabhAva se jijJAsuoM ko sikhAne kA kArya kiyA hai| unakI zodha prAmANika hai tathA prathama bhUmikA meM bahuta upayogI bhI hai| hamAre sAdhugaNa evaM vidvAn isa mahanIya mokSamArgIya prakriyA ko vidhivat sIkhakara samAja ko prazikSita kareM, to bAharI tanAva (TeMzana) Adi se bacakara samatAbhAva kI ArAdhanA evaM mokSamArga meM agrasara hone kA eka acchA vAtAvaraNa nirmita ho sakatA hai| anitya-bhAvanA 'nalinI-dalagata-jalavattaralaM tadvajjIvanamatizayacapalam / kSaNamapi sajjana-saMgatirekA bhavati bhavArNava-taraNe naukA / / ' ___-(Adya zaMkarAcArya, mohamudgara, 7) artha:-jaise ki kamalinI ke patte para par3A huA jalabindu atyadhika caMcala, asthira hotA hai; usIprakAra yaha jIvana bhI atyanta capala (kSaNabhaMgura yA vinAzazIla) hai| aisI viSamatA meM bhI yadi koI vyakti kSaNabhara ke lie bhI sajjana kI saMgati karatA hai, to vaha use saMsArarUpI samudra se pAra utarane ke lie naukA ke samAna sahAyaka siddha hotI hai| 40 12 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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vastroveSTita sAdhu : dayAmUrti kRSNAmenana kerala ke samrATa ke pradhAnamaMtrI ke yazasvI kula meM janme mahAprajJAvAn, dayAmUrti, prANImAtra ke prati vAtsalyabhAva ke dhanI vizvavikhyAta bhAratI pratibhAya kA nAma thA 'kRSNA menana' jii| unakA vyaktitva itanA mahAn thA, ki unake vicAroM evaM kAryoM ke samakSa Aja ke ativiziSTa vyaktitva bhI baune pratIta hote haiN| kisI pazu-vizeSa kI rakSA ke lie Andolana cher3ane vAle loga isa jainakula meM janma-grahaNa na karane para bhI jainatva kI "mA hiMsyAt sarvabhUtAni" kI vyApaka dRSTi ko AtmasAt karanevAlI mahAn vibhUti ke jIvana-darzana ko jAnakara apane lakSya evaM nirdezoM kA punarvicAra kreN| 'satya' yA 'dharma' AndolanoM kA viSaya nahIM hai, apitu vaha jIvana meM utArane evaM apanI dRSTi ko tadanurUpa vyApaka banAne ke lie hotA hai| anyathA "satveSu maitrI guNiSu pramodaM" kI bhAvanA 'carcA' kA viSaya banakara raha jAyegI. 'caryA' kA viSaya nahIM bana paayegii| kAlajayI vyaktitva zrI kRSNA menana jI bhAratIya darzana evaM tulanAtmaka darzanazAstra ke adhikArI vidvAn evaM sAdhaka manISI the| jaba unake pitA ne vakAlata kI par3hAI ke lie do varSa ke lie briTena bhejA, to ve vahA~ do varSa taka mAtra darzanazAstra kA hI adhyayana karate rhe| jaba unake pitA ne unheM cetAvanI dI, taba unhoMne bairisTara kI par3hAI pUrNa kii| unhoMne darzanoM ko carcA evaM zakajJAna kA viSaya nahIM banAyA thA. apita AtmasAta bhI kiyA thaa| ve uccatama prazAsanika padoM para rahate hue bhI eka mahAn AdhyAtmika sAdhaka the| unake isa virATa kiMtu nispRha vyaktitva kI jhalaka prastuta karane ke lie sadya prakAzita pustaka 'Krishna Menon and Contemporary Politics' (lekhaka-dalajIta sena Adila evaM prakAzaka-insTITyUTa phaoNra sozalisTa ejUkezana, sekyUlara hAusa, naI dillI-67) ke eka pRSTha (pR0saM0 230) kA mUla aMgrejI aMza hindI-rUpAntara ke sAtha yahA~ prastuta kara rahe haiN| -sampAdaka On another occasion, Krishna Menon, then High Commissioner in UK, while going in a lift in the High Commissioner's office in London saw a young lift-operator in a sad and melancholy mood. On being asked, the lift-operator told him that he had lost his wrist watch. Without entertaining a sccond thought, Krishna Menon immediately gave his costly wrist watch to him and asked him to cheer up. There was sudden glow on the face of the lift-operator who thanked him for the gift. A Friend on animals Krishna Menon disliked the idea of a man going in a cart drive by a 'poor' horse, whipped up mercilessly time and again. He never rode a horse or an elephant thought there were a number of elephants in his ancestoral home in the youthful days of his life. prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 00 13

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Once a tamed elephant in his ancestoral home ran amuck and finding no way to control the elephant, his grandfather desired that the elephant be shot dead. But young Krishna Menon did not like the idea and persuaded him not to kill the elephant. So, the life of an animal was saved and the Mahout succeeded in controling the elephant. Once a leading Jain monk, Muni Sushil Kumar, who was active in the 'ban cow slaughter movement' approached Krishna Menon to get his signatures on an appeal demanding a ban on cow slaughter. The Muni was surprised when Krishan Menon told him: 'Why ban only cow slaughter? Why not ban slaughter of all animals"? The Muni was taken aback to find such a vociferous supporter of non-violence and a friend of animals. hindI rUpAntara briTena meM bhArata tatkAlIna uccAyukta zrI kRSNA menana jaba (briTena meM ) apane daphtara kI liphTa meM jA rahe the, to unhoMne yuvaka liphTacAlaka ko udAsa avasthA meM paayaa| kAraNa pUchane para usane batAyA ki 'usakI hAtha kI ghar3I kahIM kho gaI hai|' usI kSaNa binA vizeSa soce vicAre zrI menana ne apane hAtha kI kImatI ghar3I ko utArakara use de dI aura use khuza rahane ko khaa| ghar3I pAte hI yuvaka ke cehare para khuzI kI lahara daur3a par3I aura usane unheM 'dhanyavAda' kahA / jAnavaroM ke eka mitra kRSNA menana ko kisI ghor3A gAr3I meM, jisameM ghor3e ko bAra-bAra berahamI se cAbuka mArA jAtA hai, usa gAr3I se jAnA bilkula pasanda nahIM thA / unhoMne kabhI bhI ghor3e yA hAthI kI savArI nahIM kI, yadyapi unakI yuvAvasthA meM unake puztainI ghara meM bahuta sAre hAthI the / eka samaya unake puztainI ghara meM eka sadhA huA ( pAlatU ) hAthI pAgala ho gayA / usako niyaMtrita karane kA ora koI upAya na pAkara unake dAdAjI ne use mArane kA vicAra kiyaa| lekina yuvaka kRSNA menana ko unakA yaha vicAra pasanda nahIM AyA aura unhoMne apane dAdAjI ko hAthI ko na mArane ke lie manA liyaa| isa taraha se eka jAnavara kI jindagI baca gii| kucha samaya bAda mahAvata ne usako kAbU karane meM saphalatA prApta kara lI / eka bAra jaina saMta muni suzIla kumAra jo ki 'govadha - pratibaMdha Andolana' meM sakriya the / unhoMne kRSNA menana se 'govadha - pratibandha Andolana' ke mA~gapatra para hastAkSara karane kA Agraha kiyaa| lekina munizrI ko Azcarya huA jaba zrI menana ne unase kahA ki "sirpha govadha hI kyoM ? sabhI jAnavaroM kI hatyA para pratibandha laganA cAhie / " muni jI ko jAnavaroM ke eka mitra aura ahiMsA ke kaTTara samarthaka ko pAkara hairAnI huii| 0014 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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jaina-saMskRti evaM tIrthaMkara-paramparA -bizambharanAtha pAMDe __ yaha mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI suprasiddha vidvAn evaM ur3IsA prAMta ke bhUtapUrva rAjyapAla sva0 zrI bizambaranAtha jI pAMDe kI amarakRti 'bhArata aura mAnava saMskRti' meM AyI hai| jaina-saMskRti evaM tIrthaMkara-paramparA ke bAre meM unake niSpakSa evaM prAmANika vicAra nizcaya hI sImita soca evaM pUrvAgraha rakhanevAle vyaktiyoM ko ciMtana ke nUtana AyAma pradAna kreNge| anya jijJAsu pAThakavRnda ko to yaha Alekha eka pauSTika jJAnabhojana ke rUpa meM AnaMdadAyI hogA hii| -sampAdaka jaina-saMskRti kA marma jaina-saMskRti ke bAharI svarUpa meM aneka vastuoM kA samAveza huA hai| zAstra, bhASA, mandira, sthApatya, mUrti-vidhAna, upAsanA ke prakAra, usameM kAma Ane vAle upakaraNa tathA dravya, samAja ke khAna-pAna ke niyama, utsava, tyauhAra Adi aneka viSayoM kA jainasamAja ke sAtha eka nirAlA saMbaMdha hai| prazna yaha hai ki jaina-saMskRti kA marma kyA hai? isakA saMkSipta javAba to yahI hai ki 'nivartaka dharma' jaina-saMskRti kI AtmA hai| jo dharma nivRtti karAnevAlA arthAt punarjanma ke cakra kA nAza karAnevAlA ho yA usa nivRtti ke sAdhanarUpa se jisa dharma kA AvirbhAva, vikAsa aura pracAra huA ho, vaha 'nivartaka dharma' kahalAtA hai| nissaMdeha jaina-zramaNoM ne sAdhu-sAdhvI, zrAvaka-zrAvikA - isa caturvidhi saMgha' kA suMdara saMgaThana kiyA thaa| zrAvaka-zrAvikA apane dharmaguruoM ke AhAra Adi kI vyavasthA karate the, jabaki dharmaguru apane 'caturvidhi saMgha' kI dekhabhAla karate, dharmapracAra aura AtmasaMzodhana meM apanI sArI zakti lagAte the| vAstava meM dekhA jAye to yaha bar3A hI suMdara kArya-vibhAjana thaa| jaina-saMskRti kI vizeSatA hai ki kevala manuSya ko hI nahIM, apitu jIvamAtra ko abhaya bnaanaa| jaina-saMskRti kahatI hai "dUsaroM ko vivekapUrNa jIvana bitAne ke liye protsAhita karo-unheM sahayoga do|" jaina-saMskRti gRhastha ko bhI indriyavAsanA se mukta hone kI zikSA detI hai| jainadharma kA pAlana karanevAle vyakti ko sAta vyasanoM kA pahale tyAga karanA cAhiye, taba kahIM vaha zrAvaka bana sakatA hai| dharma para zraddhA lAte hI use vAsanAoM ko jItane kA prayatna prAraMbha kara denA hogaa| sAta vyasana ye haiM, jinakA tyAga use karanA cAhie- 1. zikAra khelanA, machalI mAranA Adi, 2. jhUTha bolanA, 3. vezyA-sevana aura parastrIgamana, 4. corI, 5. zarAba, bhAMga, carasa, madyapAna Adi, 6. juA khelanA aura 7. mAMsa khaanaa| prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 00 15

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jaba yaha gRhastha apanI vAsanAoM ko jIta legA una para adhikAra jamAne kI kSamatA hAsila kara legA, taba vaha pApoM aura doSoM se bacane ke liye ahiMsA Adi vratoM ko dhAraNa kregaa| usakA naitika caritra dRr3ha hogA aura hRdaya dayA se paripUrNa hogaa| nAgarika AdhyAtmika unnati karatA huA gRhastha ke gyAraha darjoM ko pAlatA huA, jaba kaSAya aura kAmavAsanA ko pUrNataH jItane ke liye kaTibaddha hotA hai, taba vaha sAdhu hotA hai aura digambara bheSa meM jJAna - dhyAna meM lIna rahakara lokopakAra meM apanI sArI zakti lagA detA hai / sAdhu hone ke pahale vaha gRhastha ke sAtaveM darje se pUrNa brahmacarya kA abhyAsa prAraMbha karatA hai aura gyArahaveM darje meM pahu~cakara apane tana para sirpha eka laMgoTI rakhatA hai / usakA dhyeya sAdhupada dhAraNa karake svayaM baMdhanamukta honA aura loka ko baMdhanamukta karanA hotA hai / yaha hai jaina-saMskRti kI sAdhAraNa rUparekhA / tIrthaMkara - paramparA T jainadarzana kA vizvAsa hai ki jainadharma zAzvata hai, usake tattvoM kA kabhI nAza nahIM hotA / ahiMsA aura maitrI manuSya ke lie prakRti - sulabha haiM - ve miTeM kaise ? aura jainadharma kI AdhArazilA ahiMsA hI hai| Rtu parivartana kI taraha dharma kA bhI unnati aura avanati hotI hai| isalie jainI kahate haiM ki pratyeka kalpakAla meM caubIsa tIrthaMkara kramaza: janma lekara jagat kA uddhAra karate haiN| isa kalpakAla meM bhI caubIsa tIrthaMkara ho cuke haiM, jinameM se pahale zrI RSabhadeva the aura aMtima varddhamAna mahAvIra / RSabhadeva se lekara varddhamAna mahAvIra taka jaina - mAnyatA ke anusAra 24 mahApuruSa hue haiM, jinako 'tIrthaMkara' kahate haiM / tattvajJAna kI dRSTi se una sabane ekaprakAra ke hI upadeza diye haiN| samaya ke anusAra AcAra kA badalanA anivArya hone para bhI tattvajJAna ke viSaya meM sabhI ekamata haiM / yaha bAta aitihAsikoM ko na ja~ce, yaha sambhava hai; kintu hamAre pAsa isakI satyAsatyatA jA~cane kA koI sAdhana nahIM hai| ina sabhI tIrthaMkaroM kA jo astitvakAla jaina vidvAn batAte haiM, unakI parIkSA karane kA bhI hamAre pAsa koI sAdhana nahIM hai| phira bhI RSabhadeva, zAntinAtha aura neminAtha - ina tInoM prAgaitihAsika puruSoM ke astitva meM saMdeha kI guMjAiza nahIM hai / unake nizcita samaya ke bAre meM bhale hI saMdeha ho sakatA hai| pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra ke viSaya meM to aba aitihAsika loga bhI asaMdigdha ho gaye haiM / para jaina tattvajJAna aura AcAra ke upadezoM ke rUpa meM jo kucha Aja hamAre sAmane graMthabaddha maujUda hai, vaha to tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke upadeza kA hI phala hai / mahAvIra ne tIrthaMkaroM kI paramparA meM se bahuta kucha sIkhA aura samajhA hogA aura apane upadeza kI dhArA usI paramparA ke anurUpa bahAyI hogii| mahAvIra ke upadeza ke rUpa meM jo kucha hamAre sAmane hai, usameM se bahuta kucha pUrva tIrthaMkaroM kA hI upadeza samajhanA cAhiye, zabda cAhe bhale hI mahAvIra ke hoM / 16 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara 199

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pahale tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva jI ko hiMdU-purANoM meM AThavAM mAnA gayA hai| bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kAzI ke ikSvAkuvaMzI rAjA vizvasena ke suputra the| vaha aMtima tIrthaMkara se 250 varSa pahale sammedazikhara se mukta hue the| aMtima tIrthaMkara mahAvIra varddhamAna kSatriyaputra siddhArtha ke rAjakumAra the| unhoMne IsavI san se 527 varSa pahale 'nirvANa' pada pAyA thaa| bihAra prAMta kA 'pAvAgrAma' hI unakA nirvANadhAma hai| jainazAstroM meM caubIsoM tIrthaMkaroM ke jIvana-caritra aMkita haiM, paraMtu pahale 22 tIrthaMkaroM kI Ayu aura kArya kA laMbA-caur3A varNana jijJAsuoM ko zaMkA meM DAla detA hai| pAzcAtya vidvAn to unheM paurANika batAte haiM aura kahate haiM ki jainadharma ke saMsthApaka 23veM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha haiN| kiMtu yaha mAnyatA nirAdhAra hai aura jaikobI ko yaha svIkAra karanA par3A ki jaina-mAnyatA meM kucha aitihAsikatA hai| pUrvakAla meM manuSyoM kI Ayu aura kAya laMbI aura bar3I hotI thii| mohana-jodar3oM (siMdhu) se mAnava-zarIroM ke jo asthipiMjara mile haiM, ve inake sAkSI haiN| vahA~ se lagabhaga 4-5 hajAra varSa purAnI mudrAyeM aura mUrtiyA~ milI haiM, jo kucha vidvAnoM ke anusAra jaina-mUrtiyoM se milatI haiN| yathArthata: jainadharma kA isa kAla meM AdipracAra tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva dvArA hI huA hai| brAhmaNa evaM bauddha-sAhitya aura zilAlekhIya sAkSya bhI yahI batAte haiM / yUM to svayaM 'Rgveda' . meM hI 'RSabha' nAmaka vyakti kA ullekha hai, paraMtu vidvAnoM ko zaMkA hai ki vaha jaina-tIrthaMkara the| sAyaNa ne vaha vyaktivAcaka nAma batAyA hai| yahA~ para isa hiMdU-purANa- prakaraNa ko spaSTa kara dete haiN| unameM sirpha eka hI RSabha' kA varNana hai, jo jaina- tIrthaMkara ke caritra ke sarvathA anukUla hai| ata: pro0 virUpAkSa vahiyara vedatIrtha ke matAnusAra 'Rgveda' meM prathama tIrthaMkara kA ullekha mAnanA anucita nahIM hai| bauddha-graMtha nyAyabiMdu' (a0 3), 'satazAstra' aura 'AryamaMjuzrI mUlakalpa' meM prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kA ullekha hai aura unheM jainadharma kA pratipAdaka' likhA hai| udhara kaliMga kI hAthIgumphAvAle prasiddha (I0 pUrva dvitIya za0) zilAlekha meM agrajina (RSabhadeva) kI usa mUrti kA ullekha hai, jise naMdavarddhana paTanA le gayA thaa| yahA~ usa kAla kI anya tIrthaMkaroM kI mUrtiyA~ milatI haiN| ataeva yaha spaSTa hai ki RSabhadeva kI mAnyatA naMda-rAjAoM ke kAla meM bhI pracalita thii| 'kaMkAlI TIlA' mathurA se kuSANakAlIna aisI jina-mUrtiyA~ nikalI haiM, jina para RSabha Adi aneka tIrthaMkaroM ke nAma aMkita haiN| vahA~ eka zilApaTa (AyAgapaTTa) aisA milA hai, jisa para kaI tIrthaMkaroM kI mUrtiyA~ aMkita haiM aura jise pro0 bulhara va smitha teIsaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha ke samaya kA batAte haiN| isakA artha yaha huA ki caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI mAnyatA I0 pUrva AThavIM zatAbdI meM bhI pracalita thii| aba yadi yaha tIrthaMkara vAstava meM huye hI na hote, to usa prAcIna kAla ke loga unakI mUrtiyA~ kyoM banAte aura kyoM unake nAma kI mAlA japate? ata: jainoM kI prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 10 17

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mAnyatA kI 24 tIrthaMkaroM ne kramAnusAra isa kAla meM dharma kA pratipAdana kiyA ucita pratIta hotI hai| jainazAstra kahate haiM ki madhyavartI tIrthaMkaroM ke samaya meM jIva sarala aura vivekI the, isaliye jainadharma ke AcAra-niyamoM kA pratipAdana sAmAnyarUpa meM kiyA gayA thA-- unakI bheda-vivakSA nahIM kI gaI thii| ve sAmayika caritra kA pAlana karate the, paraMtu pahale aura aMtima tIrthaMkaroM ke samaya jIva kramaza: bhole bhAle the, isaliye unheM dharma ke AcAra-vicAra batAye gaye the (mUlAcAra dekho ) / pArzvanAtha ke ziSyagaNa kuzIla Adi doSoM kA prAyazcita pRthak na lekara samaSTirUpa meM lete the, paraMtu mahAvIra ne pratyeka pApa kA pRthak ullekha karake usakA prAyazcita bhI alaga kiyaa| aMtima tIrthaMkara kA batAyA huA zAsana aba taka calA A rahA hai| isa taraha tIrthaMkaroM kI bhAva-paraMparA abhI taka jIvita hai / usakI yaha vizeSatA hai ki usameM kevala tyAga aura sAdhanA ke carama pratIka sAdhuoM Adi arjikAoM (sAdhvioM) ko hI sthAna prApta ho, yaha bAta nahIM varan grahastha zrAvaka aura zrAvikAoM ko bhI usameM sthAna prApta thaa| donoM ke sahayoga se hI jainasaMgha kA abhyudaya huA thA aura vaha aba taka maujUda hai| * - (sAbhAra uddhRta 'bhArata aura mAnava saMskRti, khaMDa - 1, pRSTha XXVIII-XXLX tathA pR0 112-115 taka se) prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ke samaya ke manuSyoM ko 'Rjujar3a' (arthAt sarala pariNAmI bholeM ajJAnI jIva ) kahA gayA hai tathA aMtima tIrthaMkara varddhamAna mahAvIra ke samaya paMcamakAla kA prabhAva dRSTigocara hone lagane se ziSyoM meM kuTilatA bar3ha jAne se unheM 'vakrajar3a' (arthAt chala-kapaTa meM 'catura ajJAnI jIva ) kahA gayA hai| ye donoM hI AcaraNa meM bhUla karate the, ata: inheM pratidina 'pratikramaNa' kI anivAryatA batAyI gayI hai| zeSa madhyavartI bAIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke zAsanakAla ke jIva 'RjuvijJa' (saralapariNAmI va samajhadAra) hone se unheM 'pratikramaNa' pratidina anivArya nahIM thA; kyoMki ve truTiyA~ nahIM karate the / ve dharmavidhi sAvadhAnIpUrvaka zuddharIti se karate the| sarasvatI - mahimA "bhuvaNatyuyatthuNadi jadi, jage sarassadI ! saMtataM tuhaM tahavi / guNataM lahadi tahiM ko taradi jage jaNo aNNo / / " - ( AcArya padmanandi, 57/738 ) artha:--he sarasvatI ! yadi loka meM sampUrNa vizva milakara bhI ApakI niraMtara stui kare, to bhI Apake guNoM kA pAra nahIM pA sakatA hai; taba phira Apake guNoM kA pAra pAne meM koI eka vyakti kaise samartha ho sakatA hai 1 00 18 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara 199

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'prAcIna bhArata' pustaka meM jainadharma kucha bhrAntiyoM kA nirAkaraNa -rAjamala jaina bhArata sarakAra kI zaikSaNika saMsthA ena0sI0I0Ara0TI0 dvArA prakAzita pustaka prAcIna bhArata', jo ki 11vIM kakSA meM par3hAI jAtI hai, meM jainadharma-saMbaMdhI kucha bhrAMtipUrNa ullekha pAye gaye haiN| unakA nirAkaraNa karanA isa lekha kA pramukha uddezya hai; tAki saMbaMdhita adhikAriyoM evaM vidyArthiyoM ko jainadharma-saMbaMdhI sahI jAnakArI mila ske| ___isa pustaka meM vardhamAna mahAvIra aura jaina-saMpradAya' zIrSaka upayukta nahIM jAna par3atA hai| isase yaha dhvanita hotA hai ki vardhamAna mahAvIra jainadharma ke saMsthApaka haiN| isa lekha ke lekhaka ne svayaM hI teIsaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kA ullekha kiyA hai, jinakA nirvANa vardhamAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa se 250 varSa pUrva huA thaa| unakI aitihAsikatA itihAsa meM svIkRta hai| isake atirikta lekhaka ne isa tathya kA ullekha nahIM kiyA ki 'jainadharma ke vAstavika saMsthApaka prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva the|' jabaki isake poSaka kucha pramANa nimna prakAra haiM. darzana-itihAsa kA pramANa:-bhArata ke sarvamAnya dArzanika evaM darzanazAstra kA itihAsa' ke lekhaka DaoN0 rAdhAkRSNan kA isa saMbaMdha meM mata yahA~ uddhRta kiyA jAtA hai| "There is no doubut that Jainism prevailed before Vardhaman or Parswanarth. The Yajuruveda mentions the names of three Tirthankaras- Rishabha, Ajitnatha, and Aristanemi. The Bhagavata Purana endorses the view that Rishabha was the founder of Jainism." --(Radhakrishnan. S., Indian Philosophy, Vol. 1&2, 1983) AzA hai ki isa adhyAya ke lekhaka DaoN0 rAdhAkRSNana ko a-gaMbhIra yA sAdhAraNa lekhaka nahIM tthhraayeNge| purAtatvavettA:-zrI bI0sI0 bhaTTAcArya kA kathana hai, "The first tirthankar Risabhdeva about whom recorded traditions are so varied and images (say of the Kushan age) are so many that one finds it difficult to disavow his historical existence." --(P.25, B.C. Bhattacharya, Jain Iconography, second edition, 1974). bauddha-sAhitya kA pramANa:-DaoN0 bhAgacaMdra jaina bhAskara ne 'Jainism in Buddhist Literature' nAmaka zodhaprabaMdha meM pR0 23 se 25 taka 1. RSabha, 2. ajita, 3. supAvaM, 4. padmaprabhu, 5. puSpadaMta, 6. vimalanAtha, 7. dharmanAtha, 8. ariSTanemi aura 9. pArzvanAtha tIrthaMkaroM kA ullekha bauddha-graMthoM meM pAyA hai| bauddha-nyAyagraMtha 'nyAyavinizcaya' (TIkA 3, 142) meM ullekha hai, "yathA RSabho prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 0019

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vardhamAnazca yasya sa RSabhavardhamAnAdi: digambarANAM zAstA sarvajJa Aptazceti / " cInI bauddha sAhitya kA saMdarbha :- Thus says Prof. Rajime Nakamura "bauddha dhArmika graMthoM ke cInI bhASA meM jo rUpAMtarita saMskaraNa upalabdha haiM, unameM yatra-tatra jainoM ke prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva-viSayaka ullekha milate haiM / bha0 RSabhadeva ke vyaktitva senApAnI bhI aparicita nahIM haiM-- jApAniyoM ko unakA paricaya cInI - sAhitya dvArA ' hai-- jApAnI unheM 'rAkzava' nAma se pukArate haiM / huA -('NANasAyara' ke 'RSabha aMka' 1994 meM prakAzita lekha se ) / - hiMdU-purANoM meM 24 tIrthaMkara : - 'purANa' zabda kA artha hai 'purA bhava:' arthAt prAcIna kAla meM aisA huaa| isIprakAra 'itihAsa' zabda kA artha hai " iti iha AsIt " yAnI prAcInakAla meM aisA thaa| donoM hI vyutpattiyoM se purANoM meM prAcIna itihAsa hai - aisA bodha hotA hai| jainoM kA bhI kucha itihAsa hiMdU-purANoM meM surakSita hai| vaidika dhArA ke 'padmapurANa' meM 24 tIrthaMkaroM kA spaSTa ullekha hai / devAsura saMgrAma ke prasaMga meM dAnavoM se nimnalikhita kahalAyA gayA hai "asmin vai bhArate varSe janma vai zrAvake kule / tapasA yuktamAtmAnaM kezotpATanapUrvakam / / 389 / / tIrthaMkarAzcaturviMzattathA taistu puraskRtam / chAyAkRtaM phaNIndreNa dhyAnamAtra pradezikam / / 390 / / " artha spaSTa hai aura 24 tIrthaMkaroM kI vidyamAnatA ko sUcita karatA hai / - (saM0 maMDalIka, padmapurANa, adhyAya 13, zloka Upara likhe anusAra, AnaMdAzrama mudraNAlaya, pUnA, 1893 ) nivRttimArga sabase prAcIna: - darzanazAstra kA jJAna jinheM hai, ve yaha bhalI-bhA~ti jAnate haiM ki vaidikadharma pravRttivAdI hai aura jainadharma nivRttimArga kA poSaka hai| bauddhadharma ko bhI isa dharma kA rAhI batAyA jAtA hai; kiMtu usakI paraMparA prAcIna nahIM hai - yaha sabhI vidvAn svIkAra karate haiM / bhAgavatakAra kA kathana hai "yathA gatirdevamanuSyoyaH pRthak / sva eva dharme na paraM kssipesthitH|| 19 / / karmapravRttaM ca nivRttamapyanRtaM ... 20 / / " - ( bhAgavata, skaMdha caturtha, adhyAya 4 ) ( ukta paMktiyoM kA gItA prasa saMskaraNa meM diyA gayA artha -- " jisaprakAra devatA ora manuSyoM kI gati meM bheda rahatA hai, usIprakAra jJAnI aura ajJAnI kI sthiti bhI eka-sI nahIM hotii| isalie manuSya ko cAhie ki vaha apane hI dharmamArga meM sthita rahate hu bhI dUsaroM ke mArga kI niMdA na kare / pravRtti ( yajJa yAgAdi) aura nivRtti (zama - damAdi) rUpa donoM hI prakAra ke karma ThIka haiM / ) " aba nivRttimArga kI prAcInatA-saMbaMdhI uddharaNa: O 20 "sanakaM ca sanandaM ca sanAtanamAtmabhUH / sanatkumAraM ca munInniSkriyAnrdhvaretasaH / / 4 / / prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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tAna babhASe svabhUH putrAn prajA: sRjata putrkaa:| tannaicchann mokSadharmiko vAsudevaparAyaNA: / / 5 / / " __-(bhAgavata, tRtIya skaMdha, dvAdaza adhyAya) prasaMga yaha hai ki brahmAjI ne pahalI sRSTi meM rAga, dveSa, moha Adi pAMca ajJAnavRtti se pUrNa pahalI sRSTi utpanna kii| usase unheM saMtoSa nahIM huA, to unhoMne sanaka, sanaMdana, sanAtaka aura sanatkumAra -ye cAra UrdhvaretA muni utpanna kie aura unase prajA kA sRjana karane ke lie kahA; kiMtu unhoMne aisA nahIM kiyaa| isa para brahmAjI ko krodha A gyaa| unake zarIra ke do Tukar3e ho gae, jinase eka strI-puruSa kA jor3A svAyaMbhuva manu aura zatarUpA ke rUpa meM prkttaa| usase prajA kI sRSTi huI tathA priyavrata kA vaMza claa| eka dina sanatkumAra Adi cAroM zrIhari se milane baikuNTha meM jA pahu~ce; kiMtu dvArapAloM ne unaheM roka diyaa| kAraNa"tAn vIkSyavAtarazanAMzcaturaH kumArAn / vRddhAndazArdhavasayo viditAtmatatvAn.... / / " -(zloka 30 kA pUrvArdha bhAga, bhAgavata, skaMdha 3, adhyAya 15) __ purANa meM diyA anuvAda--"ve cAroM kumAra pUrNatattvajJa the tathA brahmA kI sRSTi meM Ayu meM sabase bar3e hone para bhI pA~ca varSa ke bAlaka se jAna par3ate the aura digaMbaravRtti se (naMga-dhar3aga) rahate the|" jaina-paraMparA meM digaMbara muni ko 'yathAjAtakalpa' kahA gayA hai| 'yathAjAta' kA artha hai-- 'jaisA janmA arthAt janma ke samaya bAlaka kA jaisA nirvikAra sahaja rUpa hotA hai, vaisA ruup|' ___ hiMdU-purANoM meM RSabhadeva kA samaya:-hiMdU-kAlagaNanA ke anusAra sRSTi ko bane 1,97,29,49,095 varSa arthAt lagabhaga do karor3a varSa bIta cuke haiN| RSabhadeva svAyaMbhava manu (jo ki prathama manu the) kI pA~cavI pIr3hI meM hue the| eka manu se dUsare manu meM (manvantara) 30 karor3a 67 lAkha 20 hajAra varSoM kA aMtara hotA hai aura 17 lAkha 28 hajAra varSa taka pralaya bhI hotA hai| isa hisAba se RSabhadeva kA prArdubhAva 1 araba 66 karor3a 45 lAkha 1096 varSa pUrva honA caahie| (aMtima ko chor3akara zeSa AMkar3e maiMne pro0 jI0Ara0 jaina ke lekha 'jaina jagat kI utpatti...' lekha se lie haiM jo ki 'AcArya dezabhUSaNa abhinaMdana graMtha' meM prakAzita haiN|) 'zivapurANa' meM zivajI kahate haiM ki "maiM 'nivRttipathavRddhaye' RSabha hoU~gA" (adhyAya 4, zloka 35) / isa purANa ke aMta meM kahA gayA hai "RSabhasya caritraM hI paramaM bhAvanaM mahat / svayaM yazasyamAyuSyaM zrotavyaM ca prayatnataH / / " (uparyukta adhyAya, zloka 48) isa zloka ke bAda zivapurANa' samApta ho jAtA hai| paM0 baladeva upAdhyAya 'padmapurANa' ke bhUmikhaMDa kA paricaya dete hue likhate haiM, "kisI prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 1021

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chadmavezadhArI puruSa ke dvArA jainadharma kA varNana sunakara vena unmArgagAmI bana jAtA hai| taba vaidika saptarSiyoM ke dvArA usakI bhujAoM kA maMthana hotA hai, jisase pRthu kI utpatti hotI hai|" atyaMta prAcInakAla meM jaina rAjA kI yaha dazA huii| hiMdU-mAnyatA ke anusAra isa dharatI kA pRthvI nAma isI 'pRthu' ke nAma para hai| brahmAjI ne brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra kA sthAna nizcita kara diyaa| usake bAda ke zloka meM yaha ullekha hai ki "88 hajAra UrdhvaretA muni haiM, jinakA sthAna gurukulavAsiyoM jaisA hai|" (viSNupurANa, prathama aMza, adhyAya 6, zloka 36) ye urdhvaretA jaina muni saMbhava haiN| _ 'bhAgavata' meM bhI 'bhagavAn ajita' kI carcA hai; kiMtu vahA~ 'ajita' kA artha zrIhari kara diyA gayA hai| (skaMdha 8, adhyAya 5, zloka 24) DaoN0 rAyacaudharI ne apane graMtha History of Vaishnavism meM yaha mata vyakta kiyA hai, "Lord Krishna and Neminath were cousins. Skandpuran also mentions zyAmamUrti digaMbara: neminAtha:" _ye neminAtha kI aitihAsikatA kA pramANa hai| pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra kI aitihAsikatA to svIkAra kara hI lI gaI hai| svAmI karmAnaMda ne apanI pustaka 'dharma kA Adi-pravartaka' (1940 meM aMbAlA se prakAzita) meM likhA hai "bAlyakAla se vaidika sAhitya ke svAdhyAya kA saubhAgya prApta hone ke kAraNa maiMne usa gahana sAgara meM aneka bAra gote lagAe haiM... merA apanA pUrNa vizvAsa hai ki yadi prayatna kiyA jAye, to bhagavAn ariSTanemi taka sabhI tIrthaMkaroM ke viSaya meM vaidika sAhitya se suMdara sAmagrI upalabdha ho sakatI hai|" (do zabda) svAmIjI ne aneka uddharaNa die haiM; kiMtu vistArabhaya ke kAraNa yahA~ kevala unakA mata de diyA gayA hai| tIrthaMkara aura purAtattva:-jaina tIrthaMkaroM ke saMbaMdha meM purAtAttvika sAkSya kI mAMga kI jAtI hai| isa viSaya para vidvAn lekhaka kA dhyAna nimna kucha tathyoM kI ora AkarSita kiyA jAtA hai (1) har3appA se prApta sIla kaM0 DK 3505 dekhane kI kRpA kreN| isa sIla ke nIce likhA hai, "A nude terracota figure (front view)" yaha mUrti khar3I huI avasthA meM hai| jaina mUrtizAstra ke anusAra 'kAyotsarga mudrA' meM tIrthaMkara haiN| usake hAtha ghuTanoM taka haiM (AjAnulamba bAhu) hAthoM ke paMje kSatigrasta haiM, phira bhI hAtha ghuTanoM taka Aye spaSTa dikhate haiN| mUrti-nirmANa-saMbaMdhI jainetara graMthoM meM bhI tIrthaMkara-mUrti-nirmANa kA yaha lakSaNa mila jaaegaa| mUrti ke mastaka kA kucha bhAga TUTA huA hai tathA mUrti nagna hai| __(2) bhAratIya purAtattva vibhAga ke bhUtapUrva DAyarekTara janarala zrI TI0ena0 rAmacaMdran kA lekha 'Harappa and Jainism' gyAraha pRSThoM kA hai| yaha kuMdakuMda bhAratI, naI dillI se prakAzita hai| unhoMne kalA, purAtattva, Rgveda Adi aneka dRSTiyoM se har3appA se prApta male torsos kA gahana vivecana kiyA hai| Rgveda kI do-tIna RcAoM ke 0022 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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atirikta ziznadevoM saMbaMdhI do RcAyeM uddhRta kI haiM, jinameM se eka isaprakAra hai"sa vAjaM yAtApaduSpadA yattasavarSAtA pariSadatsaniSyan / anarvA yacchatadurasya vedo dhnachiznadevA~ abhivarpasAbhUt / / " "On most auspicous path he (Indra) goes to battle. He toiled to win heaven's light, full fain to gain it. He seized the hundred-gated castles' treasure by craft, unchecked, slaying (in the affair ) naked Gods (Sisna Devas) (viSNupurANa meM 'nagna' kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra kI gaI hai - samasta varNoM kA saMvaraNa (DhaMkanevAlA vastra) vedatrayI hI hai| isalie usakA tyAga kara dene para puruSa nagna ho jAtA hai| tRtIya aMza, 17-5) He further says, "These two Riks flash before us the truth that we are perhaps recognizing in the Harappa statuette a full-fledged Jain Tirthankara in the characteristic pose of physical abandon (Kayotsarga) a pose which has been immortalized in the later day colossal statues of Jaina Tirthankaras and Siddhas such as at Sravanbelgola, Karkal, Yenur etc. One may wonder if a later day Jaina iconographic plastic pose such as Kayotsarga could have appeared as early as the Harappan or Mohen-jo-daro times (third millennium B.C.). Surely, the conceptions of absolute nudity and inner abandon of all physical consciousness for the realisation of the doctrin of Ahimsa can lead only to one pose. It is this pose that we find in Harappa in the statuette under description. There is thus a continuity and unity in this ideology and there are no other iconographic details in the statuette to confuse or lead us astray." (3) purAtattvavidoM ne horned deity kI carcA kI hai| usa sIla kra0 620 (192829 khaMDa) kI samIkaraNa AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI ne padmAsana RSabhadeva, zraddhAvanata bharata (jinake nAma para yaha deza bhArata kahalAtA hai), cihna baila aura sAta amAtyoM se kI hai| kiMtu yaha mAnyatA isalie asvIkRta kara dI jAtI hai ki abhI siMdhu-lipi par3hI nahIM gaI hai| kiMtu vidvAn lekhaka ne isI 'prAcIna bhArata' pustaka ke pR0 66 para mohanajodar3o kI eka sIla chApI hai, jisakA zIrSaka hai " mohanajodar3o se prApta pazupati kI eka muhara" / ve likhate haiM, "yaha sIla (mRnmudrA) dekhate hI hameM paurANika pazupati mahAdeva kI chavi dhyAna meM A jAtI hai / " isa sIla para bhI siMdhu - lipi meM kucha likhA hai| zAyada lekhaka siMdhu-lipi par3hane meM saphala ho gae haiN| isIlie saMbhavataH muhara ke nIce likha diyA pazupati kI muhara / yadi jaina kisI sIla meM apanA samIkaraNa batAte haiM, to siMdhu-lipi kA prazna uThAne kA kyA Azaya ho sakatA hai ? (4) zAyada Achaebotany ke AdhAra para lekhaka ne yaha likhA hai ki 'navapASANa yuga' (bhArata meM 7000 I0pU0, pR038 ) meM "navapASANa yuga ke kaI sthiravAsI anAjoM kI khetI se prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara 199 10 23

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paricita ho gae the" (pa042) arthAt khetI karanA sIkha gae the| kiMtu eka parezAnI yaha hai ki amerikana to kahate haiM ki "gehU~ kI khetI karanA sabase pahale amerikA ke logoM ne zurU kI thii|" kyA hama unakA dAvA mAna leM? cAkSuSa manvantara kI upalabdhiyoM kA kyA hogaa| jaina-mAnyatA to yahI hai ki RSabhadeva ne logoM ko khetI karanA sikhAyA thaa| ___(5) rUsa meM 20-25 phuTa laMbe mAnava-avazeSa bhI mila gae haiN| ye tIrthaMkaroM ke zarIra-saMbaMdhI kathanoM kI satyatA kI ora saMketa karate pratIta hote haiN| saMbhava hai aura bhI vistRta avazeSa kisI dina prApta ho jaayeN| (6) san 1920 taka vaidika-sabhyatA ko pAzcAtyoM ne sabase prAcIna sabhyatA' batalAyA thA; kiMtu siMdhu-sabhyatA ne purAtattvavidoM kI dhAraNA hI badala dii| uparyukta tathyoM se yahI bAta samajha meM AtI hai ki purAtAttvika sAkSya badalate rahate haiM aura koI bhI purAtattvavid yA itihAsakAra zAyada yaha nahIM kaha sakatA ki vaha aMtima pariNAmoM taka pahu~ca gayA hai aura unake kAraNa paraMparA se calI AI jAtIya smRti Racial Memory ko mithyA yA pheMka dene lAyaka ghoSita karanA ucita nahIM jAna pdd'taa| isa viSaya meM UNESCO kI salAha zAyada sabhI ko jeNcegii| vaha hai "The terms pre-history and archaeologys are frequently confused. it should be borne in mind, however, while pre-history is a period of the history of mankind for which there are no written sources, archaelogy is a method of research. It studies the past taking as its basis the examination of the material remains left by the people of the past. ARCHAEOLOGY IS THE MAIN BUT NOT THE SOLE DISCIPLINE THAT CAN INFORM US ABOUT PRE-HISOTRY." (Introduction, History of humanity, Vol.1, Prehistory and Beginnings of Civilization, Ed. S.J. Laser, Unesco, 1994) (The present author is responsible for the capital letters). __ paMdraha tIrthaMkaroM kI aitihAsikatA nitAMta saMdigdha:-lekhaka mahodaya ne yaha likhA hai ki bihAra meM utpanna paMdraha tIrthaMkaroM kI aitihAsikatA nitAMta saMdigdha hai; kyoMki ve pUrvI uttara pradeza aura bihAra meM utpanna hue the aura "madhya gaMgA maidAna kA koI bhI bhAga IsA pUrva chaThI sadI se pahale AbAda nahIM huA thaa|" isa saMbaMdha meM kucha tathya isaprakAra haiM___ (1) lekhaka ne mahAvIra ko aMtima tIrthakara (bhUla se) batAte hue jainadharma kA udbhava IsApUrva nauMvI sadI meM batAyA hai| yaha samaya to pArzvanAtha kA hai, jinakA nirvANa mahAvIranirvANa (527 B.C.) se 250 varSa pUrva huA thaa| unakI Ayu 100 varSa kI thii| isaprakAra unakA janma IsApUrva 877 meM huA thaa| ve banArasa meM janme the| unake pitA rAjA the| usa samaya vahA~ AbAdI avazya rahI hogii| yaha tathya lekhaka bhUla gae aura likha diyA ki IsApUrva chaThI sadI meM udhara AbAdI hI nahIM thii| pArzvanAtha kA astitva to unhoMne isI lekha meM svIkAra kiyA hai| ve yaha bhI jAnate hoMge ki banArasa kI gaNanA kisa pradeza meM 00 24 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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kI jAtI hai| (2) 'zatapatha brAhmaNa' Adi vaidika graMthoM se jJAta hotA hai ki vahA~ aisI AbAdI thI, jisakA brAhmaNIkaraNa 900 I0pU0 taka nahIM ho pAyA thaa| eka uddharaNa prastuta hai"etareya AraNyaka (2, 1-1-5) meM baMga, vagadha aura cerapAdoM ko vaidika dharma kA virodhI batalAyA hai| inameM se 'baMga' to nissaMdeha baMgAla ke adhivAsI haiM, 'vagadha' azuddha pratIta hotA hai, saMbhavatayA 'magadha' honA caahie| cerapAda' bihAra aura madhyapradeza ke cera' loga jAna par3ate haiN| ...DaoN0 bhANDArakara ne (bhA0 iM0 patrikA, jilda 12, pRSTha 105) meM likhA hai ki brAhmaNakAla taka arthAt IsA pUrva nauMvI sadI ke lagabhaga taka pUrvIya bhArata ke cAra samUha magadha, puMi, baMga aura cerapAda AryasImA ke aMtargata nahIM Ae the|" -(paM0 kailAzacaMdra zAstrI, jaina-sAhitya kA itihAsa-pUrva pIThikA, pR0 212) / (3) paTanA vizvavidyAlaya ke DaoN0 aruNa kumAra siMha ne yaha mata vyakta kiyA hai ki "The prehistoric remains in the form of stone tools and implements belonging to paleolithic, mesolithic and neolithic phases have come from localities located within the district of Gaya." ina aujAroM kA upayoga karanevAlI AbAdI bhI sudUra-sudUra atIta meM rahI hogii| (4) zrI rAma ayodhyA meM janme the| yaha nagarI 'kosala' meM mAnI jAtI hai| lekina eka zaMkA yaha hotI hai ki ayodhyA to vArANasI, gayA se bahuta dUra nahIM hai| kyA unakI lIlA madhyagaMgA ke janazUnya pradeza meM huI thI yA nhiiN| itanI mahAna AtmA kevala kosala meM yA kevala magadha se bAhara ke pradeza taka hI sImita rahI hogI --aisA vizvAsa nahIM hotA hai| hiMda-purANoM meM Ayu-saMbaMdhI kathana:-vidvAn lekhaka ne tIrthaMkara kA jikra karate hue likhA hai ki unase saMbaMdhita "mithaka-kathA jaina-saMpradAya kI prAcInatA siddha karane ke lie gar3ha lI gaI hai|" jarA dekheM ki jaina loga to mithyAkathana ke doSI haiM hI, hiMdU kitane vAstavikatAvAdI haiM aura itihAsasammata kitanA kathana apane devatAoM yA mahApuruSoM ke saMbaMdha meM karate haiM ki isa pustaka ke itihAsajJa vidvAn saMtuSTa ho skeN| nIce kucha tathya die jAte haiM (1) svAyaMbhuva manu ke putra priyavrata ne gyAraha araba varSoM taka rAjya kiyA thA (jagatIpatirjagatImarbudAnyekAdaza-parivatsarANAmavyAhatAkhila...bhAgavata, paMcama skaMdha, adhyAya 1, zloka 29) / tathA AgnIdhra ne eka karor3a varSa taka rAjya kiyaa| (2) RSabhaputra bharata ne eka karor3a varSa taka kA jIvana bhagavadbhakti Adi meM bitAyA aura ve pulahAzrama cale gae (evaM varSAyutasahasraparyantAvasita karmanirvANAvasaro'bhujyamAnaM... bhAgavata, 5-7-8) ina paMktiyoM kA hiMdI anuvAda gorakhapura saMskaraNa meM isaprakAra diyA gayA hai," isaprakAra eka karor3a varSa nikala jAne para rAjyabhoga kA prAraMbha kSINa huA jaankr...|" / prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 1025

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(3) devAsura-saMgrAma meM kUrma (kachue) kI pITha kA vistAra 'lakSa yojana' thaa| (8,00,000 miles as given by the English version). (book eight, seventh discourse, stanza 9) (4) parazurAma ne jisa sahasrArjuna kA vadha kiyA thA, usane 85,000 (malapaMcAzItivaSAsahasrANi) varSoM taka rAjya kiyA thaa| (viSNupurANa, 4-11-18-20) (5) zrI rAma ne 11,000 varSoM taka (ekadazAbdasahasra) rAjya kiyaa| (viSNu, 4.4.99) sItA ke pRthvIloka meM cale jAne para zrI rAma ne brahmacarya dhAraNa kiyA aura 13,000 varSoM taka agnihotra yajJa kiyA (bhAgavata, 9-11-18) / (6) pro0 baladeva upAdhyAya ne 'purANa vimarza' meM 'vana parva' ke 12veM adhyAya kA saMdarbha dete hue likhA hai ki arjuna ne kauravoM ke duSkRtyoM se kSubdha zrIkRSNa ko yaha smaraNa dilAyA ki unhoMne pUrva janma meM puSkara meM 11,000 varSoM taka kevala jala kA bhakSaNa kara tapasyA kI thii| (pR043) (7) zakuMtalA-putra bharata ne 27,000 varSoM taka rAjya kiyaa| (bhagavata, 9-20-32 hiMdI anuvAda "bharata ne sattAIsa hajAra varSoM taka samasta dizAoM kA ekacchatra rAjya kiyaa")| ___ kyA ye AMkar3e hiMdUdharma kI prAcInatA aura adbhutatA siddha karane ke lie varNita nahIM haiM--gar3ha nahIM lie gae haiM? vidvAn lekhaka ko pahale apanA ghara bhI dekha lenA caahie| rAma-kRSNa-saMbaMdhI sAkSya:--saMbhavata: itihAsa ke viziSTa vidvAn jainoM se tIrthaMkaroM kA purAtAttvika sAkSya cAhate hai| jaina loga bhI yaha jAnanA cAhate haiM ki unake pAsa rAma, kRSNa, ziva ke vAstavika (real) astitva ke akATya (incontrovertible) pramANa kyA haiM? ___ zAyada unakA uttara hogA ki "rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata aura zivapurANa tathA aasthaa|" yadi aisI bAta hai, to jaina bhI maukhika aura likhita paraMparA se cale A rahe tIrthaMkara-caritroM ke varNanoM meM vizvAsa karate haiN| unake prati gar3ha lie gae' jaise zabdoM kA prayoga, vaha bhI sarakArI saMsthA ke mAdhyama se karane kA Apako kyA adhikAra hai? bhArata ke saMvidhAna meM sabako apane vizvAsa ke anusAra apane devatA ko mAnane kA adhikAra yA svataMtratA dI gaI hai| nyAyAlaya bhI kisI dharma ke mAnanevAloM kI bhAvanAoM, vizvAsoM ko Thesa pahu~cAne kI ijAjata nahIM detaa| vidvAn lekhaka adhika se adhika yaha kaha sakate the ki jaina samAja 24 tIrthaMkaroM ko mAnatA hai, jinameM prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva sabase pramukha haiN| ve hiMdUpurANoM tathA bauddha-sAhitya meM bhI smRta haiN| aMta meM tIna tIrthaMkara-ariSTanemi (neminAtha), pArzvanAtha aura aitihAsika pramANoM se siddha haiN| saMtulita itihAsa-dRSTi kA eka udAharaNa prastuta hai, "Almost all Tirthankaras have been subjects of many 'Carita' books and the Puran books in Jain literature... Nobody can believe that such a number of books written with the avowed object of giving truth to the believers may have been 40 26 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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related to only unhistorical fictitious beings! Making reasonable allowance for the glorification and exaggeration which each religion attaches to its heroes, we have reason to place our credence in the historical authenticity of 24 Tirthankaras. (p.13, B.C. Bhattacharya, Jain Iconography) jaina-saMpradAya: lekhaka ne 'jainadharma' ke sthAna para 'jaina-saMpradAya' kA prayoga kiyA hai| 'saMpradAya' zabda saMkIrNatA kA bodhaka ho calA hai, jaise sAMpradAyika tAkateM / isa pATha meM bauddha dharma ke lie kevala eka hI bAra saMpradAya zabda kA prayoga hai; kiMtu usake bAda aneka bAra bauddhadharma kA prayoga kiyA hai| jainadharma ko saMpradAya likhane meM labdha-pratiSThita lekhakoM kI usa paraMparA ko galata ThaharAnA hai, jo sadA hI jainadharma zabda kA prayoga karatI A rahI hai| jainadharma koI Sect nahIM hai, balki eka Religion hai| ___ AcArya yA tIrthaMkara:-tIrthaMkara ko AcArya kahanA galata hai| jainadharma meM AcArya kA sthAna tIsarA hai| AcArya Aja bhI hote haiM, tIrthaMkara nhiiN| jaina NamokAra maMtra' isaprakAra hai--"Namo arihaMtANaM, Namo siddhANaM, Namo AiriyANaM, Namo uvajjhAyANaM, Namo loe savvasAhUNaM / " prAkRta 'Airiya' kA saMskRta rUpa 'AcArya' hotA hai| kisI dharma kA vivecana usa dharma kI zabdAvalI meM honA caahie| hama 'allAha' ko 'saMta' 'RSi' yA 'mahAtmA' nahIM likha sakate, vizeSakara usa samaya jaba ki usa dharma kA paricaya denA abhISTa ho| jainadharma kI sthApanA:-Upara ke vivecana se yaha spaSTa ho jAnA cAhie ki prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva jainadharma ke saMsthApaka haiN| yadi yaha nahIM likhA jAe, to 'bhAgavata' kA kathana asatya hai--yaha ghoSaNA karanI hogii| mahAvIra kA gA~va:-lekhaka ne likhA hai ki mahAvIra kA janma kisI gA~va meM huA thaa| vidvAn itihAsajJa yaha jAnate hoMge ki mahAvIra bhArata ke sabase prAcIna usa vaizAlI gaNataMtra tathA usake saMthAgAra ke pAsa sthita kuMDagrAma meM janma the, jo ki vaizAlI kA eka upanagara thaa| yadi saMdeha ho to zrI jagadIzacaMdra mAthura, rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ke lekha aura paTanA vizvavidyAlaya ke pro0 yogendra mizra kI pustaka vaizAlI' tathA DaoN0 rAjeMdraprasAda dvArA likhita prAkRta aura hiMdI meM vaizAlI meM sthApita zilAlekha par3ha leN| unakA yaha bhrama dUra ho jaaegaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra sAmAnya vyakti nahIM the| unake pitA rAjA kahalAte the| lekhaka ne "ahaM rAjA" par3hA hogaa| unakI mAtA vaizAlI gaNataMtra ke pradhAna kI putrI thii| sanyAsI:-isa lekha meM tIrthaMkara ke lie sanyAsI' zabda kA prayoga ucita nahIM hai| jaina sAdhu muni' kahalAte haiM, phira tIrthaMkara to aura bhI pUjya haiN| RSi-muni eka yugma hai| aMtara samajhanA cAheM to pro0 baladeva upAdhyAya, maMgaladeva zAstrI, DaoN0 goviMdacaMdra pAMDeya, bharatasiMha upAdhyAya Adi vidvAnoM ke graMtha dekha leN| bhaTakate raheM: yadi koI yaha kahe ki vivekAnaMda bhArata meM bhaTakate rahe yA rAma prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 10 27

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athavA kRSNa bhaTakate rahe, to bahusaMkhya loga nArAja ho jaayeNge| mahAtmA gautama baddha aura mahAvIra kA vihAra hotA thaa| unake prati Adara darzAne ke lie magadha kA nAma badalakara bihAra kara diyA gayA --aisA vidvAnoM kA kathana hai| mahAvIra koI rAha nahIM bhUle the jisase yaha kahA jAye ki ve "bhaTakate rhe|" vastra:--yaha kathana bhI saMbhava nahIM jAna par3atA ki 'mahAvIra ne bAraha varSoM taka vastra nahIM bdle|' mUlasaMgha kI paraMparA yaha mAnatI hai ki mahAvIra dIkSA lene ke bAda nagna hI rhe| ___pazu kI hatyA para phAMsI:-vizAla jaina-sAhitya ke kisI eka kone se vidvAn lekhaka koI udAharaNa DhUMr3ha lAye hoM, kiMtu yaha bhI saMbhavata: satya hai ki sanakI rAjA hara yuga meM aura hara jAti meM hue haiN| puSyamitra ko hI leN| usane maurya rAjya ke siMhAsana para baiThate hI ghoSaNA kara dI thI ki "jo mujhe zramaNa kA sira kATakara lAkara dezA, use maiM sau dInAra duuNgaa|" zramaNoM kA aparAdha? ve usake dharma ko nahIM mAnate the| usakI to pUjA hone lagI thI (puSyamitraM yjaam:)| duSyanta-putra bharata ko hI leN| usakI tIna rAniyA~ batAI jAtI haiN| unake putra utpanna hue, lekina rAniyoM ne una putroM ko isalie mAra DAlA ki ve bharata ke anukUla nahIM the aisA 'bhAgavata' meM likhA hai| vaha nissaMtAna hI rhaa| aise rAjA ke nAma para bhArata kA nAma bhAratavarSa par3A --yaha pracArita kiyA jAtA hai| zAyada isalie ki RSabha-putra bharata ke nAma para bhArata kaheM (bahusaMkhya vaidika purANoM ne kahA bhI hai), to jainadharma kI prAcInatA siddha ho jAtI hai| kyA ye rAjA nyAyI the? bhArata sarakAra to per3a-paudhoM, pakSiyoM tathA khUkhAra pazuoM jaise zera kI rakSA meM zAyada ukta rAjA se bhI Age hai| yadi maiM apane ghara ke sAmane ke per3a ko udyAna vibhAga kI . anumati ke binA kATa DAlU~, to maiM daMDita kiyA jaauuNgaa|| triratna:-jainadharma ke triratna' ke sahI nAma samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra haiN| darzana kA paricaya dete samaya usa dharma ke pAribhASika zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai, na ki paryAya Adi ke dvArA usakA paricaya karAyA jAtA hai| una zabdoM kA viziSTa artha hotA hai| yuddha aura kRSi:-tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ne asi, masi, kRSi, vANijya, zilpa Adi SaTkarmoM kA upadeza diyA thA--yaha bAta jaina loga hajAroM varSoM se pratipAdita karate rahe haiN| sabase pahalA karma 'asikarma' thaa| kRSi kA prAraMbha bhI RSabha kI dena hai| jainadharma meM kRSi Adi jIvikA kAryoM meM hone vAlI hiMsA 'udyogI hiMsA' kahalAtI hai| vaha gRhasthoM ke lie kSamya hai| 'saMkalpI hiMsA' kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| apane AzritoM, dharma yA deza kI rakSA ke lie kI jAnevAlI hiMsA virodhI hiMsA' hai| gRhastha aura muni dvArA pAlana kI jAnevAlI hiMsA kA bar3A sUkSma vivecana jainadharma meM hai| itihAsa sAkSI hai ki jainadharmapAlaka samrATa caMdragupta maurya ne deza kI rakSA kI thI aura 0028 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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yUnAniyoM ko mAra bhagAyA thaa| samrAT khAravela ne vijayayAtrA kI thI aura zramaNoM para atyAcAra karanevAle puSyamitra para do bAra AkramaNa kara use sabaka sikhAyA thaa| usake zilAlekha meM magadha para AkramaNa kA vivaraNa upalabdha hai| kheda hai ki jainadharma kI ahiMsA saMkalpanA ko lekhaka mahodaya bhalIprakAra samajha nahIM paaye| mahAvIra ke anuyAyI:-lekhaka ne mahAvIra ke saMgha kI (jisameM muni, AryikA, mokSamArga ke icchuka zrAvaka aura zrAvikA hote haiM aura ve sAdhanApatha ke vrata kramaza: grahaNa karate haiM) zrAvaka-saMkhyA ko anuyAyiyoM kI saMkhyA batAkara acchA nahIM kiyaa| tatkAlIna sabhI jaina-gRhasthoM ne mahAvIra ke sAtha bhramaNa nahIM kiyA thaa| Aja bhI munisaMgha ke sAtha bahuta kama loga bhramaNa karate haiN| paraMparA Aja bhI jIvita hai| ___ mUrtipUjA aura jaina:-vidvAn lekhaka P.V. Kane : History of Dharmashstra nAmaka pustaka kRpayA dekheN| usameM unheM yaha ullekha mila jAegA ki hiMduoM ne mUrtipUjA jainoM se siikhii| vaidikajana to Aja bhI Ahuti dete haiN| ___maThoM ko dAna:-vidvAn lekhaka kyA yaha kaha sakate haiM ki hiMdU maThoM ko rAjAoM se dAna nahIM milatA thaa| bhakti-AMdolana ke kAraNa jaba jainoM para atyAcAra hue, taba jaina mUrtiyoM, maMdiroM aura zAstroM kI rakSA ke lie maThoM kI paraMparA clii| tamila meM likhita 'pariyapurANam' meM unheM yaha likhA mila jAegA ki jainoM ke graMtha to pAnI meM DUba gae aura zaiva-graMtha taira ge| tamilanADu meM jainoM para jo atyAcAra eka hI dina meM 8000 muniyoM ke prANa lekara kie gae; usake fanaticism kI niMdA pro0 nIlakaMTha zAstrI ne apane 'dakSiNa bhArata ke itihAsa' meM kI hai| jainamaTha jinadharmAnuyAyiyoM ke dAna para hI mukhyarUpa se calate haiN| kucha jaina rAjAoM ne atIta meM kucha maThoM ko dAna de bhI diyA, to isameM kyA Azcarya? hiMdU maTha bhI to dAna lete rahe haiN| caMdragupta se pahale dakSiNa meM jainadharma:-vidvAn lekhaka kA yaha kathana satya nahIM hai ki caMdragupta maurya se pahale dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma kA praveza nahIM huA thaa| unakI jAnakArI ke lie dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma-saMbaMdhI kucha moTI bAteM yahA~ dI jAtI haiM (1) yadi karnATaka gajeTiyara' uThAkara dekheM, to yaha ullekha milegA ki hemAMgada deza ke rAjA jIvaMdhara ne mahAvIra se munidIkSA lI thii| yaha ghaTanA caMdragupta maurya se pahale kI hai| . (2) bauddhagraMtha 'mahAvaMso' meM ullekha hai ki "zrIlaMkA ke rAjA pAMDukAbhaya ne nirgranthoM ke lie eka maMdira aura eka bhavana banavAyA thaa|" yaha rAjA caMdragupta maurya kA samakAlIna thaa| zrIlaMkA meM jainadharma pAMDukAbhaya se kama se kama eka sau varSa pUrva pahu~cA ho, to bhI IsApUrva pA~cavI sadI meM jainadharma kI vidyamAnatA vahA~ siddha hotI hai| (3) kerala sarakAra ke gajeTiyara meM jainadharma ke prasaMga meM Barnett kA yaha ullikhita kiyA gayA hai ki All civilization in the south belongs to the Jains. prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 40 29

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(4) kanyAkumArI hisTaoNrikala risarca sosAyaTI ke saciva DaoN0 padmanAbhana ne likhA A "Presumably the Jain monks who had been the ceylon migrated through Kanyakumari to the south of which was a large mass of land, subsequently swallowed by sea, the fact that Jain doctrines do not allow their monks to cross the sea must be remembered." jainadharma kI dena __ isa viSaya para lekhaka ne eka zabda bhI nahIM likhA hai; hAlAMki 'bauddha dharma kI upayogitA' zIrSaka se usa dharma kI dena ke bAre meM likhA hai| ve zAyada yaha jAnate hoMge ki jainadharma bauddhadharma se prAcIna hai aura usakI kucha dena to hogI hii| unheM yAda dilAyA jAtA hai ki jaina tIrthaMkaroM, muniyoM, zrAvakoM Adi ke upadeza ke kAraNa isa deza meM yajJoM meM pazuoM kI bali kA lagabhaga aMta ho gyaa| bauddha to mAMsabhakSaNa meM vizvAsa karate haiM, jisake kAraNa bhI vaha dharma bhArata se bAhara phaila skaa| isa kAraNa use yajJoM meM pazubali baMda hone kA saMpUrNa zreya denA itihAsa ke sAtha anyAya hogaa| dUsare, jainadharma ke isa siddhAMta kA ki manuSya karma ke kAraNa U~cA yA nIcA hotA hai, na ki janma ke kAraNa' --isakA aisA asara huA ki yaha svara kucha hiMdU-graMthoM meM bhI sthAna pA gyaa| tIsare yadi ve 'yAjJavalkya smRti' par3heM, to pAeMge ki brAhmaNoM ne AtmavidyA kA jJAna mithilA ke ajaina logoM se prApta kiyaa| bahuta-sI anya bAteM bhI haiN| yahA~ saMkSepa meM saMketa kiyA gayA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki prAcIna bhArata' pustaka meM jainadharma-saMbaMdhI jo kathana kiyA gayA hai, vaha svastha ciMtana kA pariNAma nahIM hai| usase vidyArthiyoM ke mana meM aneka bhrAntiyA~ raha jaaeNgii| isake atirikta yaha pATha jaina-dharmAvalaMbiyoM kI dhArmika bhAvanAoM ko Thesa pahu~cAnevAlA hai - isameM saMdeha kI koI guMjAiza nahIM hai| NCERT jaisI pratiSThita saMsthA ko ise turaMta saMzodhita karAnA cAhie aura jo 'saMzodhita pATha' bane usako kisI jaina vidvAn ko dikhA lenA caahie| utsUtra bhASI ko dIkSAccheda 'jinasUtraparijJAnAdutsUtraM varNayetpunaH / svacchandasya bhavettasyamUladaNDo vidhAnataH / / ' - (AcArya narendrasena, siddhAntasAra:, 10/103) artha:-jinendra-ukta Agama-sUtra kA jJAna na hone se jo utsUtra-pratipAdana karatA hai, usa svacchanda muni (AcArya) ko zAstrokta-vidhi se mUladaNDa (dIkSAccheda) denA caahiye| 10 30 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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svAdhyAya . -AcArya vidyAnanda munirAja manuSya-jIvana pazu-jIvana se zreSTha hai| kyoMki pazu aura manuSya ke viveka meM antara hai| pazu kA viveka AhAra, nidrA, bhaya, maithuna taka sImita hai; kintu manuSya kA viveka isase Upara uThakara cintana kI asImatA ko mApatA hai| usakI jijJAsA se darzanazAstroM kA janma hotA hai, usake jJAna se sva-para kI bhedavidyA kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai| vaha iha aura aparanta lokoM ke viSaya meM Atmamanthana kI chAyA meM navIna upalabdhiyoM se mAnava-samAja ke buddhi, cintana aura cetanA ke dharAtala kA nava-nirmANa karatA hai| maiM kauna hU~? janma-maraNa kyA hai? saMsAra se merA kyA sambandha hai? - ityAdi dArzanika praznAvalI ke UhApoha manuSya meM hI ho sakate haiN| cintana kI sahaja dhArA kA udaya sabhI mAnavoM meM hotA hai; kintu kucha loga hI isa anAhata-dhvani ko suna pAte haiN| sunanevAloM meM bhI kucha pratizata vyakti hI gambhIratA se vicAra kara pAte haiM aura una vicArakoM meM bahuta thor3e loga hote haiM, jo apane cintana kI pariNati se cAritra ko kRtArtha karate haiN| kyoMki 'buddheH phalaM hyaatmhitprvRtti:|' ' Atmahita kA jJAna cintanazIla manISiyoM ne granthabhaNDAroM ke rUpa meM apanI uttarAdhikAriNI mAnava-pIr3hI ko sauMpA hai| eka vyakti kisI eka viSaya para jitanA de nahIM sakatA, utanA aparimita jJAna hamAre kRpAlu pUrvajoM ne pUrvavartI vicArakoM ne hamare lie chor3A hai| jaise jalakaNoM se kumbha bhara jAtA hai, usIprakAra aneka dArzanikoM, cintanazIloM, vicArakoM evaM vidvAnoM ke dvArA pratipAdita anubhUta tathyoM kI eka-eka zabdarAzi se, bhAvasampadA se, arthaviziSTatA se grantharUpa meM janma dekara jJAna hamAre kRpAlu pUrvajoM ne, pUrvavartI vicArakoM ne hamAre lie chor3A hai aura Atmadarzana ke mArga ko prazasta kiyA hai| una sArasvata maharSiyoM ke apAra RNAnubandha se hama uRNa nahIM ho skte| jaba kisI grantha ko par3hate haiM, use alpakAla meM hI par3ha lete haiM; kintu usakI eka-eka zabda yojanA meM paMktilekhana meM, viSaya-pratipAdana meM aura grantha-pariyojana kI pratipAdana- vidhi meM mUlalekhaka ko, vicAraka ko kitane dina, mAsa, varSa lage hoMge, kitane kAla kI adhIta vidyA kA nicor3a usane usameM nihita kiyA hogA; -ise parakhane kA tulAdaNDa hamAre pAsa kyA hai? tathApi yadi hamane kisI kI racanA ke eka zabda ko, Adhe sUtra ko aura eka paMkti zloka ko bhI yathAvat samajhane kA prayAsa karane meM apanI Atmika tanmayatA lagAyI hai, to nissandeha vaha lekhaka svargastha hokara bhI kRtakRtya ho utthegaa| lekhaka ke zrama ko usa para anuzIlana karanevAle anuvAcaka hI saphala kara sakate haiN| prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 40 31

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jaba taka zabda prayukta hokara sAhitya meM nahIM utarate aura jaba taka koI kRti sahRdayoM ke hRdaya ko AkarSita nahIM kara letI, taba taka zabda kA janma (niSpannatA) aura kartA kA kRtitva kumAra hI hai| zreSTha kRtiyoM ke adhyayana se hameM vicAroM meM navIna zakti kA unmeSa hotA huA pratIta hotA hai| nayI dizA, naye vicAra, naye zodha aura vaiduSya ke avasara nirantara svAdhyAya karanevAloM ko prApta hote haiN| svAdhyAya karate rahane se manuSya medhAvI hotA hai| jJAna kI upAsanA kA mAdhyama svAdhyAya hI hai| svAdhyAyazIla vyakti una viziSTa racanAoM ke anuzIlana se apane vyaktitva meM vizAlatA ko samAviSTa pAtA hai| vaha racanAoM ke hI nahIM, apitu una-una racanAkAroM ke samparka meM bhI AtA hai, jinakI pustakeM par3hatA hotA hai; kyoMki vyakti apane cintana ke pariNAmoM ko hI pustaka meM nibaddha karatA hai| kauna kaisA hai? yaha usake dvArA nirmita sAhitya ko par3hakara sahaja hI jAnA jA sakatA hai| svAdhyAyazIla vyakti kI vicArazakti aura cintanadhArA kendrita ho jAtI hai| mana, jo nirantara bhaTakane kA AdI hai, svAdhyAya meM lagA dene se sthira hone lagatA hai, aura mana kI sthiratA Atmopalabdhi meM parama sahAyaka hotI hai| etAvatA svAdhyAya ke sudUra pariNAma AtmA ko utkarSa pradAna karate haiN| pustakAlayoM, vyaktigata saMgrahAlayoM, grantha-bhaNDAroM ko dImaka laga rahI hai| navayuvakoM kA jIvana svAdhyAya-parAGmukha ho calA hai| jIvana rAta-dina yantra ke samAna jIvikopArjana kI cakkI meM pisa rahA hai| svAdhyAya kI paristhitiyA~ durlabha ho gaI haiM aura badalatI paristhitiyoM ke sAtha manuSya svayaM bhI svAdhyAya ke prati virakta ho calA hai| usakA kAryAlayoM se bacA huA samaya sinemA, reDiyo, tAza ke pattoM aura anya saste manoraMjanoM meM calA jAtA hai| svAdhyAya' zabda kI garimA ke anajAne loga vicArakoM kI ratna-sampadA samAna granthamAlA se koI lAbha nahIM uThA paate| svAdhyAyazIla na rahane se mana meM udAra sadguNoM kI pU~jI jamA nahIM hotIM, zarIra ko bhojanarUpI khurAka (annamaya AhAra) to mila jAtA hai; kintu mastiSka bhUkhA rahatA hai| mAnava kevala zarIra nahIM hai, vaha apane mastiSka kI zakti se hI mahAn hai| asvAdhyAyI isa mahimAmaya mahattva ke avasara se vaMcita hI raha jAtA hai| svAdhyAya na karane ke duSpariNAma se hI kucha loga jo Ayu meM praur3ha hote haiM, vicAroM meM bAlaka dekhe jAte haiN| unake vicAra kaccI umravAloM ke samAna apakva hote haiM aura isa aparipakvatA kI chAyA unake sabhI jIvana-vyavahAroM meM dikhAyI detI hai| jo manuSya calatA rahatA hai, usake pAsa pApa nahIM aate| svAdhyAya ke mAdhyama se vyakti paramAtmA aura paraloka se anAyAsa samparka sthApita kara letA hai| svAdhyAya abhyantara-cakSuoM ke lie aMjanazalAkA hai| divyadRSTi kA varadAna svAdhyAya se hI prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| jIvana meM unnati prApta karanevAle niyamita svAdhyAyI the| 00 32 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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eka bAra eka mahAzaya ko lokamAnya tilaka kI sevA meM baiThanA pdd'aa| ve prAta:kAla se hI granthoM ke vividha sandarbha-svAdhyAya meM lage the aura isaprakAra dopahara ho gyii| uThakara unhoMne snAna kiyA aura bhojana kI thAlI para baiTha gye| Agantuka ne pUchA-"kyA Apa sandhyA nahIM karate?" tilaka mahAzaya ne uttara diyA ki prAta:kAla se aba taka maiM 'sandhyA' hI to kara rahA thaa| vAstava meM svAdhyAya se upArjita jJAna ko yadi jIvana meM nahIM utArA gayA, to niruddezya jalatAr3ana kriyA' se kyA lAbha? A~khoM kI jyoti ko manda kiyA, samaya khoyA aura jIvana meM pAyA kucha nahIM to svAdhyAya' kA pariNAma kyA nikalA? svAdhyAya 'sva ke adhyayana' ke lie hai| saMsAra kI nazvara AkulatA se Upara uThane ke lie hai| svAdhyAya kI thAlI meM parosA huA amRtamaya samaya jIvana ko amara banAne meM sahAyaka hai| svAdhyAya se Atmika teja jAgRta hotA hai| puNya kI ora pravRtti hotI hai| mohanIya karma kA kSaya karane kI ora vicAra daur3ate haiN| pUrvajoM ne jisa vAstavika sampatti kA uttarAdhikAra hameM sauMpA hai, usa vasIyatanAme' ko par3hanA vaise bhI hamArA naitika kartavya hai| ___'zrutaskandhe dhImAn ramayatu mano markaTamamum' yaha mana vAnara ke samAna caMcala hai, ise jo zAstra-svAdhyAya meM ekAgra kara detA hai, vahI dhanya hai| svAdhyAya se heya aura upAdeya kA jJAna hotA hai| yadi vaha na ho, to 'vyartha: zramaH zrutau' arthAt zAstrAdhyayana se hone vAlA zrama vyartha hai| svAdhyAya karane para bhI mana meM vicAramUr3hatA hai, jJAna para AvaraNa hai; to kahanA par3egA ki usane svAdhyAya para baiThakara bhI vAstava meM svAdhyAya nahIM kiyaa| 'pANau kRtena dIpena kiM kUpe patatAM phalam' arthAt dIpaka hAtha meM lekara cale ora phira bhI kuyeM meM gira par3e, to dIpagrahaNa kA zrama vyartha nahIM to kyA hai? zAstroM kA svAdhyAya amogha dIpaka hai| yaha sUryaprabhA se bhI bar3hakara hai| jaba sUrya asta ho jAtA hai, taba manuSya dIpaka se dekhatA hai aura jaba dIpaka kA bhI nirvANa ho jAtA hai, taba sarvatra andhakAra chA jAtA hai; kintu usa samaya adhItavidha kA svAdhyAya hI AtmabhUti meM Aloka AvirbhAva karatA hai| svAdhyAya se utpanna Aloka kabhI timiragrasta nahIM hotaa| akhaNDa jyotirmaya yaha jJAna svAdhyAya-rasikoM ke samIpa 'nandAdIpa' banakara upasthita rahatA hai| svAdhyAya kI upAsanA nirantara karate rahanA jIvana ko nitya niyamitarUpa se mA~jane ke samAna hai| eka acche svAdhyAyI kA kahanA hai ki "yadi maiM eka dina nahIM par3hatA hU~, to mujhe apane ApameM eka vizeSa prakAra kI riktatA kA anubhava hotA hai aura yadi do dina svAdhyAya nahIM karatA hU~, to pAsa-par3osa ke loga jAna jAte haiM aura eka saptAha na par3hane para sArA saMsAra jAna letA hai|" vAstava meM yaha dhruva satya hai; kyoMki jisaprakAra udara ko anna denA dainika AvazyakatA hai, usI prakAra mastiSka ko khurAka denA bhI anivArya hai| zarIra aura buddhi kA samanvaya banA rahe isake lie donoM prakAra kA AhAra Avazyaka hai| 'ajjhayaNameva jhANaM' adhyayana hI dhyAna hai, sAmayika hai --aisA AcArya kundakunda kA prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 00 33

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mata hai| saMsAra meM jitane uccakoTi ke lekhaka, vaktA aura vicAraka hue haiM, unake sirahAne pustakoM se bane haiN| vizva ke jJAna-vijJAnarUpI tUladhAra ko unhoMne abhrAntabhAva se A~khoM kI takalI para aTerA hai aura usake guNamaya gucchoM se hRdaya-mandira ko koSAgAra kA rUpa diyA hai| lekhana kI askhalita sAmarthya ko prApta karanevAle rAta-dina zreSTha sAhitya ke svAdhyAya meM tanmaya rahate haiN| bar3e-bar3e anveSaka aura dArzanika rAta-dina bhUkha-pyAsa ko bhUlakara svAdhyAya meM lage rahate haiN| svAmI rAmatIrtha jaba jApAna gae, to vyAkhyAna-sabhA meM upasthita hone para unheM parAjita karane kI bhAvanA se maMca-saMyojaka ne borDa para zUnya (6) likha diyaa| bhASaNa ke prathama kSaNa svAmI rAmatIrtha ko patA calA ki unheM zUnya para bhASaNa karanA hai| unhoMne jApAniyoM kI dRSTi meM zUnya pratIta honevAle usa akiMcana viSaya para itanA vidvattApUrNa bhASaNa diyA ki zrotA unake vaiduSya para dhanya-dhanya aura vAha-vAha' kaha utthe| yaha unake vizAla bhAratIya vAGmaya ke svAdhyAya kA hI phala thaa| kAvyamImAMsAkAra rAjazekhara ne likhA hai ki "jo bahujJa hotA hai, vahI vyutpattimAna hotA hai| jisako svAdhyAya kA vyasana hai vahI bahujJa ho sakatA hai|" ____gosvAmI tulasIdAsa ne rAmabhakti ke viSaya meM kahA ki "jaise kAmI puruSa ko nArI priya lagatI aura lobhI ko paisA priya lagatA hai; usIprakAra jise bhakti priya lage, vaha bhagavAna ko pA sakatA hai|" ThIka yahI bAta svAdhyAya ke liye lAgU hotA hai| jo vyakti adhyayana ke liye apane ko anya sabhI ora se ekAgra kara letA hai vahI svAdhyAya-devatA ke sAkSAtkAra kA lAbha uThAtA hai| par3hanevAloM ne ghara kA laimpa ke abhAva meM sar3akoM para lage 'balboM' kI rozanI meM jJAna kI jyoti ko bar3hAyA hai| jayapura ke prasiddha vidvAn paM0 harinArAyaNa jI purohita ne bAjAra meM kisI paThanIya pustaka ko bikate hue dekhaa| usa samaya unake pAsa paise nahIM the, ata: unhoMne apanA kurtA utArakara usa vikretA ke pAsa giravI rakha diyA aura pustaka ghara le gye| - isaprakAra unakA vidyAbhUSaNa' nAma sArthaka huaa| bhArata ke itihAsa meM aise aneka svAdhyAyaparAyaNa vyakti ho cuke haiN| videzoM meM adhikAMza vyaktiyoM ke gharoM meM 'pustakAlaya' haiN| ve apanI Aya kA eka nizcita aMza pustaka kharIdane meM vyaya karate haiN| dharma-granthoM kA dainika pArAyaNa karane vAle svAdhyAyI Aja bhI bhArata meM vartamAna haiN| ve dhArmika svAdhyAya kiye binA anna, jala grahaNa nahIM krte| ___'svAdhyAyAn mA pramada' arthAt svAdhyAya ke viSaya meM pramAda mata kro| svAdhyAyazIla apane gantavya-mArga ko svayaM DhU~Dha nikAlate haiN| ajJAna ke hAthI para svAdhyAya kA aMkuza hai| pavitratA ke pattana meM praveza karane ke lie svAdhyAya toraNadvAra hai| svAdhyAya na karanevAle apanI yogyatA kI DIMga hA~kate haiN| kintu svAdhyAyazIla use pavitra gopanIya nidhi mAnakara AtmotthAna ke lie usakA upayoga karate haiN| unakI mauna AkRti para svAdhyAya ke akSaya varadAna musakAte rahate haiN| aura jaba ve bolate haiM, to sAkSAt vAgdevI 40 34 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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unake mukhamaMca para nartakI ke samAna avatIrNa hotI hai| svAdhyAya ke akSaroM kA pratibimba unakI A~khoM para likhA rahatA hai aura jJAna kI nirmaladhArA se snAta unakI vAGamAdhurI meM sarasvatI ke pravAha pavitra hone ke lie nityAbhilASI hote haiN| eka mahAn tattvadraSTA, saphala rAjanetA aura uttama santa svAdhyAya-vidyAlaya kA snAtaka hI ho sakatA hai| svAdhyAya ekAnta kA sakhA hai| sabhI sthAnoM meM sahAyaka hai| vidvadgoSThiyoM meM ucca-Asana pradAna karAnevAlA hai| jaise paisA-paisA DAlane para bhI koSavRddhi hotI hai, usIprakAra bindu-bindu vicAra saMgraha karane se pANDitya kI prApti hotI hai| zabdoM ke artha koSoM meM nahIM, sAhitya kI prayogazAlAoM meM likhe haiN| anavarata svAdhyAya karanevAlA zabdoM ke sarvatomukhI arthoM kA jJAna prApta karatA hai| svAdhyAya karanevAle kI A~khoM meM samudroM kI gaharAI, parvata-zikharoM kI U~cAI aura AkAza kI anantatA samAyI hotI hai; vaha jaba cAhatA hai, taba binA taire, binA ArohaNa-avagAhana kiye unakI sImAoM ko batA sakate haiN| svAdhyAya kA tapa:sAdhanA ke rUpa meM sevana karanevAlA usase abhISTa lAbhoM ko prApta karatA hai| yadyapi svAdhyAya se AtmAbhimukhatA kI ora pravRtti hotI hai aura use Atmopalabdhi kA sAdhana bhI kahA jAtA hai; tathApi pratyeka svAdhyAyI nizcitarUpa se AtmA ko prApta karatA hai -aisA nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| jaise 'parvato bahnimAn dhUmavatvAt / yo yo dhUmavAn sa sa vahnimAn' -parvata para agni hai, kyoMki vahA~ dhuA~ uTha rahA hai| jahA~-jahA~ dhUma hai, vahA~-vahA~ agni avazya hai; kiMtu jahA~-jahA~ agni hai, vahA~-vahA~ dhUma hai--yaha sarvathA satya nhiiN| kyoMki nidhUma pAvaka meM dhUma nahIM hotaa|' ata: yaha sambhava hai ki svAdhyAyAdi dvArA AtmA kA sAkSAtkAra kiyA jA sake, parantu nizcaya hI svAdhyAya Atmopalabdhi kA kAraNa hogA, yaha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| pratyuta anubhavI vyaktiyoM ne to yahA~ taka kaha diyA ki 'zAstroM kI usa apAra zabdarAzi ko par3hane se kyA zivapura milatA hai? are ! tAlu ko sukhA denevAle usa zuSka pATha se kyA? eka hI akSara ko svapara bheda-vijJAna buddhi se par3ha, jisase mokSa prApti sulabha ho|' "bahuyaiM paThiyaI mUDha para tAlu sukkai jeNa / eNkkuji akkhara taM paThahu zivapura gammai jeNa / / " eka dakSiNa bhAratIya kavi ne bhI likhA hai "halavu odidarenAyatu giriya suttidarenAyata, pirida lAMchana toharenAyatu, nijaparamAtman / dhyAnavanariyade narikUgi balalI sattaMte / / " -(ratnAkara kannar3a kavi) ___ artha:--bahuta adhyayana karane, tIrthakSetra (parvatAdi) kI pradakSiNA karane tathA dharma vizeSa ke cihna dhAraNa karane se kyA lAbha? yadi svaparamAtmabhAva kA dhyAna nahIM kiyA, to usake abhAva meM ye bAhya rUpaka vRka ke araNyarodana ke samAna hI haiN| prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 40 35

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"sarvebhyo yadvataM mUlaM svAdhyAya:' paramaM tapa: / yata: sarvavratAnAM hi svAdhyAyo mUlamAdita: / / svAdhyAyAjjAyate jJAnataM jJAnAttatvArtha saMgrahaH / tatvArthasaMgrahAdeva zraddhAnaM tattvagocaram / / tanmadhyaikagataM pUtaM tdaaraadhnlkssnnm| cAritraM jAyate tasmiMstrayImUlamayaM matam / / " -(siddhAntasAra, 11/20-22) samasta vratoM kA mUlavrata svAdhyAya' hai| yaha parama tapa hai| sampUrNa vratoM kA yaha Adi mUla hai| (kisa prakAra hai, isakA varNana karate haiM)___ svAdhyAya se jJAna prakaTa hotA hai, jJAna se jIvAdika tattvArthoM kA saMgrahaNa hotA hai aura usa tattvArtha-parijJAna se tattvaviSayaka zraddhAna utpanna hotA hai| ratnatraya ke madhya meM samyagjJAna kI sthiti hai| (vaha samyagjJAna svAdhyAya pariNAma hai) jJAnArAdhanA kA lakSaNa svAdhyAya hI hai| samyagjJAna se hI samyakcAritra utpanna hotA hai| isaprakAra yaha svAdhyAya samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra kA mUla hai| "prazastAdhyavasAyasya svAdhyAyo vRddhikAraNam / teneha prANinAM nindhaM saMcitaM karma nazyati / / saMvego jAyate yasmAn mohadhvAnta-vinAzakaH / mohAdapagatAnAM hi kva saMsAraH kva tatphalam / / svAdhyAyena samaM kiMcinna karmakSapaNakSamam / yasya saMyogamAtreNa naro mucyeta karmaNA / / bahIbhirbhava koTIbhivratAt yatkarma nshyti| prANinastatkSaNAdeva svAdhyAyAt kathitaM budhaiH / / " -(siddhAntasAra, 22/23-26) artha:-svAdhyAya prazasta-pariNAmoM kI vRddhi meM kAraNa hai| una prazasta-pariNAmoM se prANiyoM kA nindanIya saMcita karma kSaya ko prApta ho jAtA hai| svAdhyAya se mohAndhakAra kA vinAzaka saMvega' (saMsArabhaya) utpanna hotA hai aura jahA~ moha kA kSaya ho gayA, vahA~ saMsAra kahA~ aura usakA phala (bhavagati) kahA~? svAdhyAya ke samAna karmanirjarA ke lie anya koI sAdhana nahIM hai, jisake samparkamAtra se manuSya karma se mukti prApta kara letA hai| aneka janmoM meM kiye gaye vrata se jina karmoM kA praNAza hotA hai, usake viSaya meM vidvAnoM ne kahA hai ki svAdhyAya se tatkSaNa hI karmakSaya ho jAtA hai| "padArthAMsthUla sUkSmAMzca yanna jAnAti maanvH| tajjJAnAvRtti mAhAtmyaM nAtmabhAvo hi tAdRzaH / / 0036 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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AjanmamRtyuparyantaM tapa: kurvantu sAdhavaH / naikasyApi padasyeha jJAnAvRttiparikSayaH / / sarvazAstravido dhIrAn gurUnAzritya kurvata: / svAdhyAyaM tatkSaNAdeva pdaarthaanvgcchti|| tapovRddhikarazcAsau svAdhyAya: shuddhmaansaiH| kathyate'nekadhA tAvadatIcAra-vizuddhitaH / / " -(siddhAntasAra, 11/27-30) artha:-manuSya yadi sthUla aura sUkSma padArthoM ke viSaya meM nahIM jAnatA hai, vaha jJAnAvaraNa kA hI prabhAva hai| vAstava meM AtmabhAva vaisA (jJAna rahita) nahIM hai| 'tAtparya yaha hai ki usa jJAnAvaraNa kA kSaya svAdhyAya se hotA hai, jisase AtmA ko padArtha-viSayaka parijJAna hotA hai| sAdhujana janma se mRtyu-paryanta bhale hI tapa karate raheM, kintu svAdhyAya ke binA eka pAda jJAnAvaraNa kA bhI parikSaya nahIM ho pAtA hai| jo sampUrNa zAstravid, dhairya guNayukta gurujanoM kA Azraya lekara svAdhyAya karate haiM, ve zIghra hI padArthoM ko jAna lete haiN| yaha svAdhyAya tapa meM vRddhikAraka hai| isase aticAra-vizuddhi hotI hai| zuddha hRdaya AcAryoM ne ise aneka prakAra se kahA hai "cittamarthanilInaM zcaccakSurakSarapaMktiSu / patre'sya saMyama: sAdho: sa svAdhyAya: kimucyate / / zraddhAvAn yadi satsAdhuH svAdhyAyaM kurute sdaa| para: syAd dhyAnavAn vegAt sa yAti paramAM gatim / / " -(siddhAntasAra, 11/32-32) (svAdhyAya se citta aura indriyoM kA nirodha hokara ekAgratA kI prApti hotI hai) svAdhyAya ke samaya citta to padArthoM meM magna rahatA hai aura netra patra para likhita akSara paMktiyoM ke pATha meM ekAgra rahate haiN| isaprakAra sAdhu ke lie saMyama kA sAdhana yaha svAdhyAya hai| isakI prazaMsA kina zabdoM meM kI jA sakatI hai? yadi zraddhAvAn zreSTha muni sadaiva svAdhyAya meM upayoga lagAtA hai, to vaha utkRSTa dhyAnasiddhi ko prApta karatA hai evaM paramagati ko pAtA hai| "na zItalAzcandanacandrarazmayo, na gAMgamambho na ca hArayaSTayaH / yathA muneste'naghavAkyarazmaya: zamAmbugarbhA: zizarA vipazcitAm / / -(zItalajinastotram, 46) candana aura candramA kI razmiyA~ zItala nahIM haiM, gaMgA kA jala aura hAra (motI kI mAlAeM) bhI vaisI zItala nahIM haiM, jaisI he mahAmune ! ApakI nirdoSa vAkyarazmiyA~ haiM, jinameM zama kA zItala jala milA huA hai aura jo vidvAnoM ke lie zItalatA utpanna karanevAlI haiN| prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 00 37

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Airiya siri vijjAnaMda mahAmuNi thavaM dadu pujjo vijjANaMdo jo juMjadi NiyaM uvaogaM / sadA / / 11 jiNasAsaNa-vaDDhAvaNa-sukajjammi artha:--jinazAsana kI vRddhirUpI sukArya meM jinakA upayoga sadA lagA huA hai, aise pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI sadA prasanna ( hama para kRpAlu ) rahe / dadu pujjo vijjANaMdo appa - para-hiyAsato jo / -DaoN0 ena0 sureza kumAra jo - edi sayA cittaM dhamma - pahAvaNA - NimittaM NaM / / 2 / / artha:--jo dharma kI prabhAvanA ke nimitta apane mana ko sadA lagAye rahate haiM, aise apane va para ke hitAnveSI pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI mujha para prasanna (kRpAlu ) hoM / sahidUNa kaDuya sIyala himaM teNaM kamido uNNada - himaselaM 'khu / daMsido kailAsaM jattha paDhama - titthayaro patto NaM NivvANaM / / 3 / / artha:--jisa kailAzaparvata se AdinAtha svAmI mokSa gaye, usI unnata himAlaya para bhISaNa zItabAdhA sahakara bhI jinhoMne padayAtrA kI, (aise ve vidyAnaMda jI sadA jayavanta hoN)| bAlANaM buhayaNANaM pi sammaM paDibohaNa - NimittaM / eso NiggaMtharAyA saggaMtho siddhaMta - gaMthehiM / / 4 / / ke artha:-ajJAnI evaM jJAnijanoM - sabhI ke pratibodhanArtha jina nirgratharAja ne siddhAMtagraMthoM anusAra graMtha - racanA kI ( va AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI sadA jayavaMta hoM ) / bAlo va hodu vuDDho tANaM bhAsedi piya- midu - mahura- vayaNehiM / - koNa vaMdadi gururAyaM sayA jIva-hida- NiradaM / / 5 / / artha:-bAlaka ho yA vRddha - sabhI ke sAtha jo priya, mRdutara evaM madhura vacanoM se bolate haiM, -aise prANImAtra ke hita meM nirata gururAja ( AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI) kI kauna vaMdanA nahIM karatA hai? (arthAt sabhI karate haiM / ) 38 upAsaka-dharma 'samyaktvapUrvakamupAsakadharmamittham, sallekhanAntamabhidhAya gaNezvare'tra / joSaM sthite vikAsa sabhA samasta, bhAnAvivAdeyagiriM nalinItibhadram / / ' arthaH-isaprakAra samyagdarzanapUrvaka upAsakadharma kA sallekhanA-paryanta nirUpaNa karane ke pazcAt gaNadharadeva ke mauna ho jAne para sampUrNa samavaraNa- sabhA vaise hI prasanna ho uThI, jaise ki sUryodaya hone para kamalinI khila uThatI hai / prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara 199

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uttara madhyakAlIna apabhraMza kA eka adyAvadhi aprakAzita durlabha graMtha tisaTThi-mahApurANa-purisa-AyAra-guNAlaMkAru -pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina manuSyAyu-karma ke udaya se jo prANI manuSya-paryAya dhAraNa karatA hai tathA bhautika-jagata meM apane zaurya, vIrya evaM parAkramoM kA pradarzana karatA huA kAla-krama se kaSAyoM, vAsanAoM evaM vikAroM kA vijetA banakara Atma-vikAsa ke kSetra meM vardhamAna rahatA hai; usa tejasvI, manasvI evaM puNyazAlI puruSa ko mahApuruSoM kI koTi meM ginA jAtA hai| zramaNa-paramparA meM aise mahApuruSa ko 'zalAkA mahApuruSa' kI saMjJA pradAna kara unakI kula saMkhyA 63 mAnI gaI hai, jinameM 24 tIrthakara, 12 cakravartI, 9 baladeva, 9 vAsudeva evaM 9 prativAsudeva sammilita haiN| ukta 63 mahApuruSoM meM se kisI eka athavA ekAdhika ke carita ko AdhAra mAnakara saMskRta, prAkRta evaM apabhraMza kaviyoM ne samaya-samaya para aneka rasasiddha kAvya-granthoM kI racanAe~ kI haiN| kintu ukta sabhI 'zalAkA-mahApuruSoM' ke carita kA eka hI sAtha vistArapUrvaka grathana karane vAle tIna graMtha adyAvadhi upalabdha evaM prakAzita haiN| AcArya jinasenakRta mahApurANa' athavA 'triSaSThizalAkAmahApuruSacarita', mahAkavi puSpadantakRta mahApurANu' athavA tisaTThimahApurANapurisaguNAlaMkAru' tathA AcArya hemacandrakRta triSaSThizalAkA-mahApuruSacaritra' / inameM se prathama evaM antima graMtha saMskRta-bhASA-nibaddha haiM tathA dUsarA graMtha apabhraMza-bhASA nibaddha hai| 'tresaTha zalAkA mahApuruSa' - sambandhI eka anya apabhraMza-racanA bhI kucha varSa pUrva ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ko upalabdha huI hai, jisakA nAma "tisaTTimahApurANapurisaAyAraguNAlaMkAru" (aparanAma 'mahApurANa') hai| isa racanA ke praNetA mahAkavi raidhU hai| san 1956 meM hamane jaba raidhU-sAhitya para apanA zodhakArya prArambha kiyA thA, usI nimitta se kucha pramukha prAcya zAstra-bhaNDAroM se raidhU kI pANDulipiyoM kI khojakara unakI prazastiyoM meM ukta 'tisaTThi' (mahApurANa) kA jaba nAmollekha dekhA, tabhI se usakI khoja meM bhI vaha lagabhaga 15 varSoM taka vyagratApUrvaka prayatnazIla banA rhaa| saMyoga se usakI eka prati guruvarya zraddheya paM0 kailAzacandra jI zAstrI kI kRpA se kucha samaya ke lie bArAbaMkI (u0pra0) ke eka jaina-zAstra-bhaNDAra se prApta huI thii| yaha racanA atyanta vizAla hai| ata: usake sampUrNa adhyayana ke lie dIrghAvadhi apekSita hai, kintu apane kucha gurujanoM evaM mitroM ke Agraha se usakA saMkSipta sAmAnya-paricaya taiyAra kara sAhityarasika pAThakoM kI jAnakArI ke lie yahA~ prastuta kara rahA huuN| prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 00 39

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prati-paricaya : tisaTTimahApurANapurisaAyAraguNAlaMkAru' kI prastuta pratilipi vi0saM0 1499 ASAr3ha sudI 5 budhavAra kI hai| isakA pratilipi-sthala gopAcala-durga hai| sAdhu (sAhU) natyu ke putra rAmacandra ne isakI pratilipi gopAcala ke tomaravaMzI rAjA DUMgarasiMha, (vi0saM0 1481 se 1510 hai.) ke rAjyakAla meM kI thI, jaisAki antya 'puSpikA' se vidita huA hai:__ "atha saMvatsare'smin zrI vikramAditya-gatAbda-saMvat 1499 varSe ASAr3ha sudi 5 buddhavAsare zrI gopagirI mahArAjAdhirAjA zrI DUMgarasiMha rAjA vartamAne sAdhu natthU putra rUpacandra likhitm|" ukta pratilipikAra rUpacandra vahI hai, jinhoMne mahAkavi raidhU ke pAsaNAhacariu' kI vi0saM0 1498 meM pratilipi kI thii| vaha prati sacitra hai, jo dillI ke eka prAcIna jaina zAstrabhaNDAra meM surakSita hai| tisaTThi-mahApurANa' evaM ukta pAsaNAhacariu' ke pratilipikAloM se yaha spaSTa hai ki pratilipikAra rUpacandra graMthakartA kavi raidhU ke samakAlIna evaM unake ananya bhakta the| ina rUpacandra kI ukta donoM granthoM kI pratilipiyoM ko dekhane se yaha bhI spaSTa vidita hotA hai ki ve eka prAmANika supratilipikAra, apabhraMza-bhASA ke jAnakAra, vidvAn sAhityarasika evaM jinavANI-bhakta the| yaha bhI pratIta hotA hai ki ve sambhavata: citrakAra bhI the aura ukta 'pAsaNAhacariu' ke citra sambhavata: unhIM ke dvArA nirmita the| isa viSaya meM vizeSa zodha-khoja kI AvazyakatA hai| pAsaNAhacariu' (sacitra) kI pratilipikAraprazasti meM unheM agrotaka vaMzotpanna-sAdhU natthU evaM karamA kA putra kahA gayA hai| tisaTThi-mahApurANa' kI prastuta prati meM kula 456x2 pRSTha haiN| pratyeka pRSTha kI lambAI evaM caur3AI 11.10"x5.5" hai| dAyA~ evaM bAyA~ hA~ziyA 1".6" tathA 1".6" UparI evaM . nicalA hA~ziyA 0.5" tathA 0.5" hai| pratyeka pRSTha meM kula paMktiyA~ 13-13 tathA pratyeka paMkti meM varNa saMkhyA 38 se 44 ke madhya hai| pra0saM0 284kha se lekara 344ka taka ke pRSThoM ko chor3akara bAkI ke samasta pRSThoM kA kAgaja moTA evaM unakA raMga maTamailA hai| mausamI prabhAva evaM prAcIna hastalikhita granthoM kI surakSA-sambandhI asAvadhAnI se usakI likhAvaTa kahIM-kahIM dhuMdhasalI tathA barasAtI namI ke kAraNa pRSThoM ke paraspara meM cipaka jAne se bhI unakI likhAvaTa kahIM-kahIM kSatigrasta ho gaI hai| antima pRSTha kI likhAvaTa to itanI dhuMdhalI ho gaI hai ki use par3hanA asaMbhava-jaisA ho gayA hai| pR0saM0 284kha se 344 taka ke pRSTha apekSAkRta sapheda evaM patale haiN| unakI likhAvaTa bhI bhinna hai| unameM pratyeka pRSTha meM 15-15 paMktiyA~ hai aura hA~ziye bhI apekSAkRta choTe haiN| inameM ghattA' zabda evaM ghattoM kI saMkhyA ke sthAna rikta haiN| pratIta hotA hai ki pratilipikAra ne pratilipi kara cukane ke bAda lAla-syAhI se unheM likha dene ke vicAra se chor3a diyA hogA. kintu bAda meM kisI kAraNa-vizeSa se vaha vaisA nahIM kara pAyA hogaa| samagra pRSThoM meM kAlI-syAhI kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, kintu mUlapRSThoM kI kAlI-syAhI se vaha bhinna hai| 10 40 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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mUlapRSThoM meM 'ghattA' zabda, ghattoM kI saMkhyA evaM puSpikAyeM lAla-syAhI meM aMkita haiM tathA mUla-kathA-bhAga gaharI kAlI syAhI meM hai| yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki ukta pRSTha mUlapRSThoM ke atyanta jIrNa-zIrNa ho jAne ke kAraNa unhIM kI pratilipi hai, athavA unake naSTa ho jAne para kisI anya prati kI pratilipi? mUla prAcIna-patroM ke bIcoMbIca sarvatra choTA caukora sthAna rikta chor3A gayA hai| usake bIca meM eka bar3A zUnya lAla-syAhI se bharA gayA hai| isIprakAra hAzie bhI samAnAntara kAlI rekhAoM ke bIca lAla-syAhI se bhare gae haiN| ___ prastuta 'tisaTThi-mahApurANa' kI bhASA apabhraMza hai| pratyeka sandhi' ke anta meM AzIrvacana ke rUpa meM vividha chandavAle saMskRta padya bhI aMkita haiN| usameM kula 50 sandhiyA~ evaM 1357 kar3avaka haiM, kintu kavi ne svayaM hI isakA vistAra 1500 pramANa batalAyA hai| pratIta hotA hai ki isameM usane pratyeka sandhi' ke anta meM likhita AzIrvAdAtmaka saMskRta zloka, puSpikAyeM tathA pratyeka sandhi ke prArambha meM likhita vizeSa ghattoM ko lekara hI unakI saMkhyA 1500 batalAI hai| mUla-preraka evaM AzrayadAtA : ukta 'tisaTThi0 mahApurANa' ke praNayana ke mUla-preraka evaM AzrayadAtA sAhU kunthudAsa haiN| kavi ne Adya-prazasti meM likhA hai ki "jaba maiM gopAcala-durga meM (1/2/5) nivAsa kara rahA thA, usI samaya paNDita mahaNasiMha tathA unakI patnI maullI ke suputra kunthudAsa ne Akara mujhase nivedana kiyA ki maiM unheM svAdhyAya-hetu eka tasaTThi mahApurANa' kI racanA kara duuN|" (1/2/5-12) raidhU ne ukta viSayaka gambhIratA kA anubhava kara pahale to usake praNayana meM asamarthatA vyakta kI; kintu sAhU kunthudAsa ke bAra-bAra prArthanA karane para kavi ne usakA praNayana karanA svIkAra kara liyA (dra0 1/4/7) / ye AzrayadAtA kunthudAsa vahI haiM, jinhoMne mahAkavi raidhU ke lie pUrva meM bhI 'jimaMdharacariu' evaM 'komuIkahapabaMdhu' nAma kI racanAoM ke praNayana meM preraNA dekara (dra0 1/4) AzrayadAna diyA thaa| 'tisaTThi0 mahApurANa' kI prazasti se vidita hotA hai ki ve aise zrImanta the, jinhoMne rAjakIya vividha sammAdita padoM para rahakara tathA apane puruSArtha se lakSapati banakara bhI kabhI ahaMkAra nahIM kiyaa| ve nirantara hI sAhitya evaM sAhityakAroM kA sammAna karate rhe| unake pAsa aTUTa aizvarya-lakSmI to thI; kintu isa bAta kA unheM bar3A du:kha thA ki unake pAsa vidyA-lakSmI nhiiN| ata: unhoMne isake lie mahAkavi raidhU se yAcanA kI (50/44) / raidhU ne unheM 'mitra' kahakara bhI sambodhita kiyA hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki ve sama-vaya (1/2/13) vAle rahe hoNge| raidhU ne kunthudAsa ko zrImAn, dhImAn, dayAlu, sAhitya-rasika Adi ke rUpa meM smaraNa kiyA hai| yathA prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 00 41

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"satpAtradAneSu vibhUti yasya sacchAstra- - artheSu mati-prasannaH / jinAdri - padmeSu natAMgavRttiH sa kunthudAso jayatAtsadAtra / / - (sandhi 11 ) ya: sarvasattveSu dayAnubhAvo jaina - zrutAnAM zravaNAnurAgaH / paropakAreSu rato manISI sa kunthudAso jayatAtsadAtra / / " - ( sandhi 15 ) 'tisaTThi-mahApurANa' kI antya - prazasti meM kunthudAsa kI 10 pIr3hiyoM kA paricaya bhI diyA gayA hai| tadanusAra pitAmaha ratana sAhU acche paNDita the / kavi ne unheM mittala-gotrIya agravAla kahA hai / (50/43) idhU ne apanI 'jimaMdharacariu' kI Adya - prazasti meM likhA hai ki "sAhU kunthudAsa ne apane (1/4) bAe~ kAna meM svarNakuNDala na pahinakara 'kaumudIkathAprabandha' rUpI kuNDala tathA mAthe para 'mahApurANarUpI mukuTa' dhAraNa kiyA thA aura jaba dAyA~ kAna rikta raha gayA taba usameM 'jimaMdharacariu' rUpI kuNDala dhAraNa kara apanA jIvana kRtArtha kiyA thA / " isa ullekha se yaha spaSTa hai ki kunthudAsa ne raidhU ko prerita kara unase 'komuikahA- pavaMdhu', 'tisaTThi0-mahApurANa' evaM 'jimaMdharacariu' - ina tIna racanAoM kA praNayana karAyA thaa| inameM se antima do racanAyeM to upalabdha ho gaI haiM; kintu prathama racanA 'komuikahApabaMdhu' kI khoja jArI hai| bhaTTAraka pUrvakAlIna evaM samakAlIna bhaTTArakoM ke ullekha : ke kulaguru rUpa meM raidhU ne kunthudAsa kA paricaya dete hue unake kIrti muna kA smaraNa kiyA hai tathA unheM 'gaccha kA nAyaka' kahA hai| bhaTTAraka hemakIrti ke sAtha kavi ne unake pUrvavartI bhaTTAraka vijayasena, nayasena, azvasena, anantakIrtti evaM khemakIrtti ke ullekha bhI kiye haiM / kavi ne ina sabhI ko mAthurasaMghI batAyA hai / 'pravacanasAra' kI eka pratilipikAra-prazasti meM ukta bhaTTArakoM kI paramparA kASThAsaMgha, mAthuragaccha evaM puSkaragaNa zAkhA ke antargata upalabdha hai / usameM ukta hemakIrti bhaTTAraka kA samaya vi0saM0 1469 diyA gayA hai| yathA:-- "vikramAditya rAjye'smiMzcaturdaza-pare zate / navaSaSTyA yute kiM nu gopAdrau devapattane / / " -- (pravacanasAra-prazasti zloka, 3. bambaI, 1935, de0 bhaTTAraka-sampradAya, pR0 226) bhaTTAraka hemakIrti ke pUrva ke bhaTTArakoM ke samaya ko jJAta karane ke lie hamAre pAsa vartamAna meM sAdhana-sAmagrI kA abhAva hai, kintu yaha nizcita hai ki ve saMvat 1400 se vi0saM0 1469 ke madhya hue haiM / kaviguru-pAlhabamma: mahAkavi ne 'tisaTThi0 mahApurANa' meM apane guru bhaTTAraka pAlhabrahma kA ullekha kiyA hai aura kahA hai ki "prastuta racanA pAlhabrahma ke ziSya maiMne (arthAt raidhU ne ) kI hai|" kavi ne ukta pAlhabrahma (50/44 / 16 ) kA ullekha apanI 'sammaijiNacariu ' ( 10/28/9-10) prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 0042

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tathA 'balahaddacariu' (1/4/7-8) meM bhI kiyA hai| 'sammaijiNacariu' meM kavi ne unheM kASThAsaMgha, mAthuragaccha evaM puSkaragaNa ke pramukha bhaTTAraka yaza:kIrti ke tIna ziSyoM meM se pradhAnaziSya kahA hai tathA balahaddacariu' meM unheM apane guru ke rUpa meM smaraNa kiyA hai| raidhU ne unheM 'Ayariya' (AcArya) vizeSaNa se sambodhita kiyA hai, kintu unakA vizeSa paricaya nahIM diyA hai| apabhraMza-sAhitya meM raidhU ko chor3akara inakA ullekha anyatra kahIM bhI dekhane ko nahIM mila sakA hai| pAlhabrahma ke guru bhaTTAraka yaza:kIrti kA samaya vi0saM0 1486 se 1510 nizcita hai| ata: pAlhabrahma kA samaya bhI usI se nizcita ho jAtA hai| prastuta racanA ke saMzodhaka evaM sahAyaka zrI bohitya: ___ 'tisaTThi mahApurANa' kI antya prazasti (50/41/3) meM mahAkavi raidhU ne likhA hai ki-"hemakIrti muni ke ziSya zrI bohittha ne prastuta mahApurANarUpI zreSTha svarNa ko apanI buddhirUpI kasauTI para niSkapaTa-bhAva se kasakara use aise citralekhoM se suzobhita kiyA hai ki jisameM usa grantha ne guNIjanoM ke bhI citta ko moha liyaa|" yathA: "hemakirti muNiNAhaha sIseM jo bRhaviMdahi~ paNaviu siiseN| baMbhavvaya dhAraeNa garIseM saMsArovahi NivaDaNa bhIseM / / siri bohittha NAma su pahANe gayatadeNa vijj-gunn-tthaanne| teNa mahApurANa vara-kaMcaNu-mai-kasavaTTihi kasivi avNcnnu|| cittaleha-lAeppiNu sohiu guNiyaNa-viMdu syl-khnni-mohiu| cahuviha-bheya-suvaNNahi ghaDiyau acch-pscch-rynn-gnn-jddiyu|| kuMthayAsa-sAhuhu sira-seharu huu paripuNNu svnn-mnn-suhyru|" -(50/40/1-7) prastuta 'tisaTThi-mahApurANa' kyA sacitra thA? ukta kathana se yaha spaSTa hai ki zrI bohittha aise dhurandhara vidvAn evaM kavi the ki jinhoMne ukta mahApurANa' kI bhASA-zailI ko sajAyA-sa~vArA thaa| itanA hI nahIM, kavi ne saMketa ke anusAra zrI bohittha ne usake ratnajaTita svarNima citra bhI taiyAra kiye the, jisake saundarya ne gaNI-janoM ke citta ko bhI moha liyA thaa| isase yaha pratIta hotA hai ki ukta tisaTThi-mahApurANa' kI koI sacitra prati bhI taiyAra kI gaI thI, jo isa samaya lupta-vilupta hai athavA kahIM chipI par3I hai| isa viSaya meM vizeSa zodha-khoja kI AvazyakatA hai| ___kavi ne apanI ukta sacitra prati ke viSaya meM Age likhA hai ki- "cAra prakAra ke vargoM se (raMgoM) se una citroM ko ghaTita kiyA gayA tathA ratnagaNoM se unheM jar3A gyaa| isa prakAra vaha grantharAja sAhU kunthudAsa ke sira kA seharA' siddha huaa| raidhU kA yaha kathana usa madhyakAla kA hai, jaba pothiyoM ko svarNAkSaroM meM likhe jAne tathA unake citroM athavA pRSThoM meM hIre-motI jar3e jAne kI prathA thii| phiradausakRta svarNAkSaroMvAlA ratnajaTita zAhanAmA tathA prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 0043

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anya kaI usI prakAra kI pANDulipiyA~ Ajakala bhI upalabdha haiN| sAhU kunthudAsa lakSAdhipati the hI, ata: unake sacitra 'mahApurANa' kI koI prati svarNAkSaroM meM tathA ratnajaTita bhI rahI ho, to koI asambhava nhiiN| mahAkavi raidhU kI svaracita pUrvavartI racanAyeM : sAhU kunthudAsa ne mahAkavi raidhU se tasaTThi-mahApurANa' ke praNayana kI prArthanA karate samaya kahA hai ki "Apane isake pUrva aneka granthoM kI racanA kI hai|" isase yaha anumAna hotA hai ki raidhU prastuta 'mahApurANa' ke praNayana ke pUrva aneka grantha likha cuke the; kintu ukta ullekha se yaha patA nahIM calatA ki kavi ke ve grantha kauna-kauna se the, jo lasaTiTha0 mahApurANa' ke pUrva likhe jA cuke the (1/2/9) / raidhU ne apane 'sukosalacariu' evaM 'sammattaguNaNihANakavvaM' ko chor3akara apane anya kisI bhI grantha meM unakA racanAkAla aMkita nahIM kiyaa| ata: yaha jAnakArI prApta karane me aneka kaThinAiyA~ hai ki kauna-kaunasA grantha kisa grantha ke bAda likhA gayA? mahAkavi ne yadyapi apane kucha granthoM meM apanI pUrvaracita racanAoM ke nAmollekha kiye haiM; kintu una ullekhoM meM bhI kucha aisI visaMgatiyA~ hai ki unase bhI unakA racanA-krama-nirdhAraNa sambhava nahIM ho pAyA hai| hA~, raidhUkRta sammaijiNacariu, NemiNAhacariu, sAvayacariu evaM jimaMdharacariu meM kavi kI pUrvaracita racanAoM meM tasaTThi mahApurANa' kI racanA ho cukI thI; kintu ukta cAroM racanAoM meM ukta tasaTThi mahApurANa' ke sAtha-sAtha raidhU ke pAsaNAhacariu, mehesaracariu, sirivAlacariu, balahaddacariu, sudaMsaNacariu, dhaNNakumArAcariu, jasaharacariu, vittasArU, jimaMdharacariu, komuikahapavaMdhu, siddhaMtatthasArU, puNNAsavakahA, solahakAraNabhAvaNA nAmaka teraha granthoM ke bhI ullekha hai| ina, ullekhoM se jJAta hotA he ki tasaTThi0 mahApurANa' kI racanA pUrvokta cAra racanAoM ke pUrva tathA unameM ullikhita teraha racanAoM meM se Age-pIche kabhI huI hogii| pUrvavartI sAhityakAra : __ raidhU ne apane pUrvavartI do kaviyoM ke nAmollekha bar3e hI AdarapUrvaka kiye haiM--AcArya jinasena evaM mahAkavi kvvpisll| 'kavvapisalla' apabhraMza ke mahAkavi puSpadanta hI hai| jinakI 'abhimAnameru' evaM 'kAvyapizAca' ye do upAdhiyA~ prasiddha rahI haiN| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki raidhUkAla meM puSpadanta kavvapisalla' nAma se hI adhika prasiddha rahe hoNge| ukta donoM mahAkaviyoM ke mahApurANa hI prastuta tasahi0 mahApurANa' ke mUlasrota rahe haiN| kavi kA Atma-paricaya : Atma-paricaya dete hue mahAkavi raidhU ne tasaTThi mahApurANa' meM apane ko saMghavI devarAja tathA unakI bhAryA candrazrI kA pautra, harisiMha evaM unakI bhAryA 'vijayazrI kA putra' tathA 'udayarAja kA pitA' kahA hai| kavi ne apane bhAI, bhAbhI evaM bhatIje ke nAmollekha bhI 00 44 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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kiye haiN| jyeSTha bhAI evaM bhAbhI kA nAma kramaza: vAhoDa evaM nayanazrI thA, jisase molikya nAmaka putra utpanna huA thaa| maMjhale bhAI evaM bhAbhI kA nAma kramaza: mAhaNasiMha evaM lavaMgazrI thaa| inakI santAna kA ullekha nahIM hai| raidhU sabase choTe bhAI the| unakI patnI kA nAma lakSaNazrI thaa| kavi ne apanI eka anya racanA mehesaracariu' meM apanI patnI kA nAma sAvitrI kahA hai| ina do pRthaka-pRthak nAmoM se yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki unakI do patniyA~ thI athavA eka ke mRta hone para unhoMne apanA dUsarA vivAha kiyA thaa| kavi kA yaha pArivArika paricaya yadyapi atyanta saMkSipta evaM nAmAvalI mAtra hai; phira bhI vaha usakI anya racanAoM meM upalabdha paricaya kI apekSA adhika spaSTa evaM vistArapUrvaka hai| kyoMki isameM usake parivAra kA pUrva vivaraNa eka sAtha mila jAtA hai| kintu vizvAsa hai usakI adyAvadhi anupalabdha karaMkaDacariu, komuikahApavaMdhu, jiNadattacariu, bhavisayattacariu, pajjuNNacariu nAmaka racanAyeM jaba upalabdha hoMgI; taba sambhava: kavi kA paricaya apanI anya kucha vizeSa vizeSatAoM ke sAtha upalabdha ho sake? mahAkavi raidha ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva para paryApta carcA ho hI cukI haiM, ata: yahA~ saMkSepa meM itanA jAna lenA hI paryApta hogA ki unakA jIvana evaM racanAkAla vi0saM0 1440 se vi0saM0 1536 ke madhya rahA hai| unhoMne aneka granthoM kI racanAyeM kIM, jinameM se abhI taka 23 grantha upalabdha ho cuke haiM tathA 6 grantha jJAta, kintu abhI taka aprApta haiN| grantha kA viSaya-krama : __ prastuta grantha kI sandhikramAnusAra viSaya-sUcI nimna prakAra haisandhi saM0 kaDavaka saM0 viSayakrama | - la + mahAvala taNu vibhoyaNaM laliyaMga devoppatti vnnnnnnN| vajjaNAbhi-cakkavaTTi titthayara-gotta-baMdha svvtthsiddhi-gmnnN| risahesara-NikkamaNa kallANa vaNNaNo Nami-viNami veyddddhlNbho| bharaha chkkhNdd-psaahnnN| bharaha mehesara-suloyaNA bhvNtr-vnnnnnnN| sirivAla-kahaMtara-payAsaNa risahesara-bharaha-NivvANagamaNaM / ajiyaNAha-sagara-cakkavaTTi kahaMtaraM vaNNaNaM / supaasnnaah-nnivvaann-gmnnN| ssiph-jinn-nnivvaann-gmnnN| assgiiv-tivitttthkhaa| sNjyNt-mNdrmrkhaa| snnNkumaar-nnivvaann-gmnnN| 8. 31 10. 11. 42 25 24 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 00 45

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13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 046 32 19 25 16 37 35 38 38 22 17 13 10 23 24 25 31 35 22 38 44 21 47 25 21 21 47 12 36 15 14 14 saMtijiNa-bhavaMtaraM / araNAha-NivvANa-gamaNaM / malliNAha-pamuha - cakki - mahApauma-harikahaMtara / muNisuvvaya-hariseNa- NivvANa-gamaNaM / rAvaNa-vaMsa-Nidvesa-vaNNaNaM / rAma-lakhaNa-vaNavAsa-hiMDaNaM desakulabhUSaNa-upasagga-vihaMDaNaM / rAma - vihIsaNa-melAva-vaNNaNaM / rAmavijaya-vaNNaNaM sIyAlAha-ajujjhA-gamaNaM / rAmacaMda-kevali-vaMdaNaM taha vihIsaNa- bhavaMtara - picchAkaraNaM / lakkhaNaputta-haNuvaMta-tava-saMgahaNaM / dAsaraha - NivvANa-gamaNaM lakkhaNa-rAvaNa- hari-paDihari-kahaMtara-vaNNaNaM / mi - NivvANa-gamaNaM jayaseNa - kahaMtara - vaNNaNaM / dasa-dasAra-bhavAvali-vaNNaNaM / NArAyaNa-uppatti-goula-gamaNaM / jAyavakula-NiggamaNa-vAravai-laMbho / pajjuNNa-uppatti, vibhaMga-vijjAlAha dArAvai-AgamaNa-vaNNaNaM / paMDava-lakkhAhara-pavesa dovai - pANiggahaNa - NiyadesAgamaNaM / paMDava - vairADa-pavesa- vaNNaNaM / gaMgeya-ahimaNa - samari-paDaNaM taheva saNNAsamaraNaM / dujjohaNa-jarasiMdha-vahaNaM NArAyaNa - rajjakaraNaM dovai - hayaNu vaNNaNa-paMDava-dAhiNa-madurA-gamaNaM / aNiruddhacariya-vaNNaNaM Nemi - jiNa-saMkhAi- pUraNaM / vAravai-vaNNaNaM Nemi-jiNa-saMkhAi - pUraNaM / pAsaNAha- NivvANa-gamaNaM / NaMdarAya-bhavAvali, puSphottara-vimANa-gamaNaM / vaDDhamANa-va - kevala - NANoppatti, gautama gaNadhara - bhavAMtara / seNiya- Niva-bhavAvali-picchAkaraNaM / seNiya-vi-Niya-atIdAgAmi-bhavAvali-vaNNaNaM / vArise kahaMtara / dhaNayatta-kahaMtara / -vivAhocchava-vaNNaNaM / sudaMsaNa- jammaseTThi-taNu-sagga-vaNNaNo / sudaMsaNa-sola- pahAva-vaNNaNo / prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara 199

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sudNsnn-nnivvaann-gmnnN| vddddhmaann-jinn-nnivvaann-gmnnN| jaMbUsAmi-veraga-vaNNaNo taheva paannigghnn-krnno| soDasa-kahaMtara-vaNNaNo vijjucrnn-pddivohnnN| smmnnnnaann-khaa| chhkaal-nniddes-vnnnnnnN| 48. 28 44 rasa-saMyojana : rasa-yojanA kI dRSTi se 'tisaTThi-mahApurANa' meM prasaMgavaza anya rasoM ke sAtha zRMgAra, vIra evaM zAntarasa Adi kA bhI sundara paripAka huA hai| gaNikAoM ke varNana-sandarbha meM kavi ne zRMgAra, hAva-bhAva evaM ceSTAoM kA sajIva varNana kiyA hai| saMyoga-zRMgAra (46/34) ke vibhAva-anubhAva bhI upasthita kiye gae haiN| kavi ne saMyoga ke pUrva utpanna hone vAle mAnasika-dvandvoM kA spaSTa aMkana kiyA hai| manojJa nAyikA ke darzana ke pazcAt nAyaka ke mana meM utpanna hone vAlI vibhinna manobhAvanAyeM manovaijJAnika vizleSaNa kI dRSTi se jitanI mahatvapUrNa haiM, utanI hI sarasatA kI dRSTi se bhii| zRMgAra kA poSaka vIrarasa hai| prastuta tisaTThi-mahApurANa' meM vIra-rasa ke sandarbha aneka sthaloM para Aye haiN| lava-kuza aura rAma-lakSmaNa ke yuddha meM kavi ne darpoktiyoM ke sAtha vIra-rasa kA niyojana kiyA hai| isa sandarbha meM vIra-rasa kI tulanA hama 'pRthvIrAjarAso' ke 'saMyogitA-svayaMvara' se kara sakate haiN| donoM hI saMdarbho meM vIroM kI bhAvanAoM kA citraNa samAnarUpa meM huA hai| lava aura kuza kI vIratA aura raNanIti vIragAthA-kAlIna raNanIti ke samakakSa hai| jaba lava, rAma evaM lakSmaNa ko yuddha-bhUmi meM AveSTita kara lete haiM, taba donoM ora ke hI parAkramI vIra yoddhA apanI-apanI vIratA kA pradarzana karate haiM; parantu lava aura kuza kI vIratA ke samakSa rAma-lakSmaNa ko hataprabha ho jAnA par3atA hai| paristhiti kI vikaTatA ko samajhakara sItA raNakSetra meM upasthita hotI hai aura vIratA kA dRzya tatkAla hI zAnti meM pariNata ho jAtA hai| isa nATakIya paTa-parivartana ke sAtha vAtAvaraNa bhI eka nayA rUpa grahaNa kara letA hai aura agni-parIkSA ke bAda sItA cirantana-zAnti ke hetu vana kI ora calI jAtI hai| isaprakAra kavi raidhU ne vIra-rasa evaM zAntarasa kI yojanA eka hI sandarbha meM niyojita kara kAvya-camatkAra kA sRjana kiyA hai| bhASA: ___ tisaTThi mahApurANa' kA kAvya, itihAsa evaM saMskRti kI dRSTi se jitanA mahattva hai, usase bhI kahIM adhika mahattva bhASA kI dRSTi se hai| prastuta grantha meM 15-16vIM sadI ke madhya meM prayukta hone vAlI janapadIya bhASAoM ke aneka zabda upalabdha hote haiM, unameM se kucha prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 00 47

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isaprakAra haiM-- duvva (bundelI-dUba) =dUrvAdala (1/10/1), DhukkI (bundelI-DhU~kanA) =jhA~kanA (1/7/7), Dolla (bundelI DolanA=hilanA athavA vyartha ghUmanA)=DolanA (1/19/1), lakkar3a (bundelI evaM braja) =miTTI (2/26/1), IMTa (2/26/2, 6), laDDU (2/26/4), pittali=pItala (46/9/8), pheNI phenI nAmaka miThAI (2/26/4), caita (bhojapurI) caitramAsa (3/10/10), coju (bundelI)=Azcarya (3/14/4), kalla=kAla (46/17/7), vakkhANa (bundelI bakhAna) =vyAkhyAna (1/14/6) aadi| isaprakAra saMkSepa meM 'tisaTThi-mahApurANa' kA sAmAnya paricaya prastuta kiyA gayA hai| vastuta: yaha grantha madhyakAlIna-sAhitya kI eka mahattvapUrNa kRti hai| apabhraMza-bhASA, itihAsa evaM saMskRti kI dRSTi se to yaha mahattvapUrNa hai hI, kavi ke saMketAnusAra yadi isakI sacitra pratilipi bhI upalabdha ho gaI, to vaha madhyakAlIna citrakalA kI dRSTi se bhI anupama siddha hogii| | preraka-prasaMga 1 nAma kA vyAmoha AcAryapravara zAMtisAgara jI ke saMgha meM eka munizrI nemisAgara jI the| eka bAra pUjya AcArya zAMtisAgara jI ke ananya bhakta zrAvaka zreSThi (gulAbacaMda jI) ne pUjya AcAryazrI se pUchA ki "AcAryazrI ! maiM dasa hajAra rupaye dAna denA cAhatA hU~, kahA~ hU~? kRpA karake mArganirdezana kreN|" to AcArya zAMtisAgara jI bole ki "kamAte samaya kyA mere se parAmarza yA anumati lI thI, jo aba upayoga karate samaya pUcha rahe ho? jahA~ jI meM Aye, vaisA kro|" taba vaha zreSThi saMghastha muni zrI nemisAgara jI ke pAsa gaye aura yahI jijJAsA rakhI, to muni nemisAgara jI ne apane nAma se calanevAlI kisI saMsthA meM vaha dhanarAzi dAna dene kI preraNA dii| tadanusAra hI ukta zreSThi ne dasa hajAra rupayoM kI dhanarAzi munizrI dvArA nirdiSTa saMsthA meM dAna kara dii| jaba yaha vRttAnta AcAryapravara zrI zAMtisAgara jI ko vidita huA, to vaiyaktika nAma se saMsthA calAne evaM usake lie dhanarAzi dAna dene kI preraNA dene ke kAraNa unhoMne muni zrI nemisAgara jI ko saMgha se alaga kara diyA tathA bahuta anunaya karane ke bAda bhI yaha kahakara puna: saMgha meM sammilita karane se manA kara diyA ki "yadi maiM tumheM saMgha meM vApasa le lU~gA, to muniyoM meM apane nAma se saMsthA banAne va dAnarAzi/caMdA kI preraNA dene kI khoTI paramparA cala pdd'egii| maiM isa paddhati ke sakhta khilApha huuN|" ___ itanA hI nahIM, unhoMne yAvajjIvana ukta munizrI evaM zreSThi se AzIrvAda dene ke atirikta kisI taraha kI koI bAtacIta bhI nahIM kI, tAki unako prazraya va protsAhana nahIM mile| Aja apane Apako AcArya zAMtisAgara jI kI paraMparA meM kahalAne vAle aura apane nAmoM se saMsthAyeM sthApita karane vAle zramaNa kRpayA isa tathya kI ora dhyAna deN| ** 00 48 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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apabhraMza kI sarasa sazakta jaina-kRti 'cUnaDI rAsaka' ___ -kundana lAla jaina yaha Alekha navIna prAkRta-zodha kI pravRtti kI preraNArtha yahA~ prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| isakI hastalikhita presakaoNpI jaisI lekhaka ne bhejI, use hI yathAsaMbhava saMpAdita kara yahA~ diyA jA rahA hai| 'cUnaDIrAsaka' kI prati bhI mUlaprati yA usakI chAyAprati nahIM upalabdha hone se lekhakIya presakaoNpI ke AdhAra para yahA~ dI jA rahI hai| -sampAdaka 'cUnaDIrAsaka' apabhraMzabhASA kI eka sarasa evaM sazakta kRti hai, jo aba taka vidvajjanoM kI dRSTi se agocara rahI hai| isake racayitA munizrI vinayacandra jI 13vIM sadI ke pUrvArddha ke eka sazakta kavi mAne jAte haiN| yadyapi inakI kisI bhI kRti meM racanAkAla kA ullekha na hone se sunizcita-tithi kA nirdhAraNa asaMbhava hai; parantu apanI guru-paramparA tathA racanAsthala kA ullekha hone se inake kAla-nirNaya meM sahAyatA milatI hai| munizrI vinayacandra jI kI pA~ca kRtiyA~ upalabdha haiM; parantu abhI taka kisI bhI kRti kA prakAzana nahIM huA hai; ata: yahA~ hama unakI eka choTI sI kRti 'cUnaDIrAsaka' avikalarUpa se prastuta kara rahe haiN| unakI kRtiyA~ haiM:- (1) cUnaDIrAsaka, (2) NijjharapaMcamIkahA, (3) Naraga-utArIrAsaka, (4) kalyANarAsaka aura (5) nnidukkhsttmiikhaa| 'cUnaDIrAsaka' 32 chaMdoM kI eka choTI sI sarasa kRti hai, jo hameM abhI Der3ha do varSa pUrva eka guTake se prApta huI hai| isake sAtha meM kalyANarAsaka' bhI hai| jisa guTake se yaha kRtiyA~ milI haiM, usa guTake ke patrakoM kI kula saMkhyA 464 hai; pratyeka patraka kI lambAI 25 se0mI0 tathA caur3AI 16 se0mI0 hai| pratyeka patraka meM 14-14 paMktiyA~ haiM tathA pratyeka paMkti meM 30-32 akSara haiN| sAtha meM kRti ke agala-bagala, upara nIce hAsiyoM meM svopajJa TIkA bArIka akSaroM meM TippaNa kI bhA~ti aMkita hai| guTake kI lipi suvAcya aura sundara hai, isameM kAlI syAhI kA hI prayoga kiyA gayA hai| virAma-cihna ke lie hara paMkti ke Upara patalI rekhA (pUrNa virAma kI bhAMti) aMkita hai, jisase pratilipi zuddhatApUrvaka kI jA sakatI hai; paraMtu yaha kheda kI bAta hai ki Adi evaM aMta ke patraka na hone se guTake kA lipikAla, lipikartA, lipisthala tathA anya aitihAsika upayoga kI sAmagrI se hama vaMcita ho jAte haiN| 'cUnaDIrAsaka' kI svopajJa TIkA meM prAkRta-gAthAoM ke uddharaNa bhI vidyamAna haiN| isa svopajJa TIkA meM 18 lipiyoM ke nAmollekha haiM, jo bhASAvijJAna ke vidyArthiyoM ke adhyayana-hetu atiupayogI haiM, ata: 'kuvalayamAlAkahA' (7-8 vIM sadI) meM ullikhita dezI-bhASAoM ke sAtha tAlamela biThAkara eka tAlikA-rUpa meM nIce prastuta kara rahe haiN| prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 00 49

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'cUnaDI rAsaka' meM cUnaDI (mahilAoM ke or3hane cunariyA) ko pratIka banAkara kavi ne sarasa saMvAdAtmakarUpa se jainazAstra ke mArmika rahasyoM ko prakaTa karane kA anathaka prayAsa kiyA hai, jisase pratyeka pAThaka jainazAsana ke mUlabhUta rahasyoM tathA unake bheda-prabhedoM se bhalI-bhA~ti avagata ho ske| gItikAvya ke rUpa meM kavi eka mugdhA nAyikA se apane pati se parihAsa karatI huI nivedana karAte haiM ki "he subhaga! kRpayA jinamaMdira meM jAkara mujhe eka aisI anupama cUnaDI zIghra hI chapavA dIjie, jisase maiM jinazAsana ke mArmika rahasyoM ko saralatA se samajha sakU~ aura unameM nipuNa ho jaauuN| yadi Aja vaisI cUnar3I nahIM chapA dete haiM, to mujhe usa chIpe se ulAhanA tathA tAnAkazI sunanI pdd'egii|" taba pati ati snigdha bhAva se usase kahatA hai ki-he mugdhe! vaha chIpA mujhe jaina-siddhAMtoM ke rahasyoM ke marma se paripUrNa eka cUnaDI chapAkara dene ko kahatA hai, jo vastutattva ke vividha vAgbhUSaNa-svarUpa AbhUSaNoM se alaMkRta hogii| jinake adhyayana se jinazAsana ke mArmika rahasyoM kA udghATana hotA hai, inase manarUpI zarIra kI advitIya zobhA bar3hegI tathA bhedavijJAna ke sacce svarUpa ko samajhane meM samartha ho skegii|" mugdhA nAyikA yaha sunakara bar3I prasanna ho jAtI hai aura kavi jaina-siddhAnta ke mArmika rahasyoM se chapI huI cUnaDI ke rUpa meM isa sarasa kRti kI racanA ko Age bar3hAte haiN| 'cUnaDI rAsaka' meM muni vinayacandra ne apanI guru-paramparA dvitIya chaMda meM isaprakAra aMkita kI hai "mAthurasaMghaho udaya muNIsaru, paNavivi bAlaiMdu guru gaNaharu / jaMpai viNaya-mayaMku muNi, Agamu dUgamu jaivi Na jaannuuN|| mAlijjahu avarAhu muhu bhaviyahuM yahuM cUnaDiya vrvaannuuN| viNayaM vaMdivi paMcaguru.. muni vinayacandra (viNaya mayaMku) ke guru bAlacandra (bAlaiMdu) the aura unake guru udayacandra the, jo mAthurasaMghI the| udayacandra pahale gRhastha the aura inakI patnI kA nAma demati divamatI) thaa| gRhasthAvasthA meM likhI inakI sugaMdhadazamI kathA' upalabdha hai, jisameM ve svayaM likhate haiM:___"Niya-kulaNaha-ujjoiya-caMdahaM sajjaNa-maNa-kaya-NayaNANaMdaI / " apanI suzIlA patnI kA ullekha karate hue ve likhate haiM . "ai susIla demaiyahi kaMtaiM" zrI udayacaMda muni vinayacaMdra ke vidyAguru the, dIkSAguru nhiiN| ve mathurA ke pAsa yamunA-taTa para mahAvana' nAmaka nagara rahA karate the| vahIM ke jinAlaya meM rahakara muni vinayacaMda ne 'Naraga-utArI-rAsaka' kI racanA kI thI, jisameM mahAvana ko svarga-khaNDatulya nirUpita kiyA hai: ........ / / 00 50 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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"amiya-sarisa ujavaNajalu, nayaru mahAvaNa saggu / tahiM jiNabhavaNa vasaMta iNa, viraiu rAsu samaggu / / " 'braja janapada' ke 9 vana aura 24 upavana prasiddha hai:- jaise vRndAvana, agravana, jambUvana, mahAvana, madhuvana, tAlavana, kAmavana, vakavana, bhANDIravana Adi; jinameM se mahAvana (purAnA gokula) eka mahAn prasiddha nagara kI bhA~ti vikhyAta rahA hogA aura bar3A samRddha evaM jinAlayoM se yukta rahA hogaa| 'cUnaDIrAsaka' meM muni vinayacaMdra ne 'tihuvaNagiri' (tribhuvanagiri-tahanagar3ha) kA ullekha kiyA hai, jahA~ ke jinamaMdira meM rahakara isakI racanA kI thii| yahA~ ke zAsaka zrI ajayapAla narendra the| isI taraha 'NijjharapaMcamIkahArAsaka' meM bhI 'tihuvaNagiri' kA ullekha kiyA hai| yathA "tihuvaNagiri puru jagi vikkhAyauM, saggakhaNDu NaM ghariyali aayuN| tahiM NivasaMtthaM muNivariNA, ajayaNariMdaha raaybihaarii|| vegi viraiya cUnaDiyaM, sohaho muNivara jaM suvisaaraa| paNaviya vaMdivi paMcaguru0 / / " 'Nijjhara-paMcamIkahA-rAsaka' kA chaMda "tihuvaNagiri talahaTI ihu rAsau rayau, mAthura saMghaha muNivara vivAyacaMdi khiu|" muni vinayacandra ke kAla-nirNaya meM hameM uparyukta uddharaNoM meM do hI AdhAra mukhyatayA milate haiN| pahalA to muni vinayacaMda kI guru-paraMparA ke udayacaMda muni kA mahAvana nagara jisake jinAlaya meM rahakara unhoMne 'Naraga-utArI rAsa' kI racanA kI thI aura dUsarA AdhAra tivaNagiri ke rAjA ajayapAla narendra ke zAsanakAla meM cUnaDIrAsaka' kI racanA kI thii| mahAvana aura tihuvanagiri --ye donoM hI mathurA, bayAnA (zrIpatha= pathayamapurI) aura bharatapura rAjya ke samIpastha sthAnoM meM se haiN| cU~ki pahalA AdhAra mahAvana nagara kA hameM koI aura aitihAsika pramANa kI upalabdhi nahIM hotI hai; ata: hama dUsarA AdhAra tihuvana giri aura ajayapAla narendra ko hI prAmANika aitihAsika sAkSya ke rUpa meM AdhAra mAnakara muni vinayacandra ke samaya kA nirNaya kreNge| 'tihuvaNagiri' (tribhuvanagiri-tahanagar3ha) mahAvana se dakSiNa pazcima meM 100 ki0mI0 dUra rAjasthAna ke parva bharatapura rAjya meM thA, jise tribhuvanapAla nAmaka yaduvaMzI rAjA ne basAyA thaa| Aja kA 'bayAnA' nagara jo yAdavoM kI rAjadhAnI thI, isI nagara ke AsapAsa thaa| bAda meM 'tribhuvanagiri' hI 'tahanagar3ha' nAma se vikhyAta huA, jo tahanapAla rAjA ke nAma para vikhyAta huaa| muni vinayacaMda kA nivAsa tathA vihAra inhIM mathurA-bharatapura-bayAnA rAjyoM ke AsapAsa hI rhaa| 'tihuvaNagiri' ke yaduvaMzI rAjA ajayapAla kI prazasti saM0 1207 (1150 A.D.) kI mahAvana ke pAsa se prApta huI hai (dakho Epigraphica Vol. prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 00 51

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I, P. 289) / ajayapAla ke uttarAdhikArI haripAla' kA ullekha saM0 1227 (1170 A.D.) ke mahAvana se prApta zilAlekha meM upalabdha hai (dakho Epigraphica Vol. II, P. 276) / bharatapura rAjya ke 'aghapura' nAmaka sthAna se eka mUrti prApta huI hai, jisake mUrtilekha meM saM0 1249 (1192 A.D.) meM rAjA sahanapAla kA ullekha milatA hai, jo isI yaduvaMzI vaMza-paramparA ke zAsaka the| kisI vidvAn ne muni vinayacaMdra kA samaya vi0saM0 1576 likhA hai, jo sarvathA bhramapUrNa hai| vinayacandra nAma ke dazoM vidvAnoM kA ullekha zvetAmbara-sAhitya meM upalabdha hai| saM0 1445 meM lipikRta guTake meM muni vinayacaMda kRta 'kalyANarAsaka' kI racanA vidyamAna hai; ata: unakA samaya nissaMdeha isa tithi se pUrva to sunizcita hai hii| tathA kavi lAkhU (lakSmaNa) ne apane 'jinadattacarita' meM bhI kiyA hai, tribhuvanagiri kA ullekha jise rAjA tribhuvanapAla ne basAyA thaa| yaha nagara apane samaya kA atyadhika sampanna, samRddha evaM rAjakIya vaibhava se paripUrNa nagara thA, jise dekhakara mlecchAdhipati muhammada gaurI ne saM0 1252 (1195 A.D.) isa para AkramaNa kara isa samRddha nagarI ko naSTa-bhraSTa aura tahasa-nahasa kara diyA thA, jisase yahA~ ke nivAsI hindU aura jaina nagara chor3akara anyatra bAhara bhAga gaye the| sabhI maMdiroM kI mUrtiyoM ko tor3a-phor3a diyA gayA thaa| musalamAnI tabArIkha (itihAsa) 'tA jula mAsira' meM hasana nijAmI ne likhA hai ki "hijarI san 572 tadanusAra vi0saM0 1152 (1195 A.D.) meM muhammada gaurI ne tribhuvanagar3ha para car3hAI kara ise apane adhikAra meM le liyA thA aura vaharuddIna tughalika (tumarIna) ko yahAM kA zAsaka niyukta kiyA thaa|" isataraha tribhuvanagiri ke vinAza hone kA samaya saM0 1252 sunizcita hI hai, to muni vinayacaMda isase pUrva yahA~ avazya hI rahA karate hoNge| 'kharataragaccha yugapradhAna gurvAvalI' meM tribhuvanagiri kA ullekha nimna zabdoM meM aMkita hai "saM0 1214 zrI jinacandrasUribhistribhuvanagirau zrIzAntinAthazikhare sajjana-mano-mandire pramodAropaNamiva sauvarNadaNDakalaza-dhvajAropaNa mahatA vistareNa kRtvA hemadevI-gaNinyA pravartanI-padaM dttvaa.....|" . isa taraha uparyakta pramANoM se muni vinayacaMda kA samaya saM0 1210-15 ke AsapAsa sunizcita hotA hai| muni vinayacandra ne 'cUnaDIrAsaka' kI svopana TIkA meM 18 lipiyoM kA nAmollekha kara bhASAvaijJAnikoM ko bhASA aura lipi ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana kI acchI sAmagrI prastuta kara dI hai| ina lipiyoM kA udyotanasUri kRta 'kuvalayamAlAkahA' (7-8vI sadI) meM varNita dezI-bhASAoM ke sAtha tAlamela biThAkara hamane nimna tAlikA taiyAra kI hai| sudhI pAThaka isakA vizleSaNa kara samucita sujhAva prastuta karane kA kaSTa kreN| 5-6 lipiyoM kA tAlamela nahIM baiTha pA rahA hai, ata: unakA ucita tAlamela baiThAne meM sahayoga bhI pradAna kreN| 0052 prAkRtavidyA+julAI-sitambara '99

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ni w tworo o bhASA aura lipiyoM ke tAlamela kI tAlikA kra0saM0 kuvalayamAlAkahA' kI dezI bhASAyeM cUnaDI rAsaka kI lipiyA~ mAgadhI ur3IsI gollA madhyadezIya nAgarI AndhI tilaMgI antarvedI - kauzalI mAlavaNI karnATakI karNATI siMdhu siMdhavI gurjara maru vANikkI mahArASTra lAviNI tAjika jarakI Takku phiDikI kIra mAlavI = 22 kIrI ravasa pArasI pArasI varvara rAkSasI ___bAkI pA~ca lipiyA~ (1) haMsalipi, (2) bhUtalipi, (3) jauNI, (4) nibhitrI aura (5) draviDI bacatI haiN| inakA tAlamela kahA~ baiThegA, yaha nirNaya sudhI pAThakoM ke para chor3atA huuN| vaise sampUrNa tAlikA meM hI kahIM ulaTaphera kI jarUrata ho, to manISI pAThaka apane sujhAva de sakate haiN| atha cUnaDI rAsakaM viNayaM vaMdivi paMcaguru moha mahAtama touNa, diNayaro NAha lihAvahi cuunddiyaa| yuddhau pamaNaI piya joDivi kr|| viNayaM0 / / paNavivi kuvalaya-komala-NayaNI, loyaaloy-pyaasnn-vynnii| pasIkha sArada jaoNNha-jima, aMdhArau sayalu nninngsi| sA mahu nivasau mANusahaM haMsavaha jima devi sraasi| viNayaM vaMdivi pNcguru|| 1 / / prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 1053

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mAthurasaMghaho udaya muNIsaru paNevivi bAla- iMdu guru gaNaharu / jaMpai viNayamayaMku muNi Agamu dUgamu jai vi na jANaUM / mA lijjahu avarAhu mahu bhaviyahuM yahu cUnaDiya bakhANaUM / / 2 / / hIrA daMti paMti payaDaMtI gorau vollai piya viyasaMtI / suMdara jAhi suceya reha, mahu daya kijjau suha salakkhaNa / lai chipAvahi cUnaDiyA, haU~ jiNasAsaNi suddha viyakkhaNi / / 3 / / vallha jai na lihAvaNa AvahiM chiMpu laDA mahu vayaNa suNAvahiM / tiNi loya tihuM taMga juyA caudaha rajju lihahiM UDhante / satta rajju tali suragirihiM uppari satta- satta piMDante / / 4 / / meru mahAgiri jaMbUdIvaho khArasamudda pariTThI sImahu / dIva samudda asaMkhaguNA majjhaloya sattara sau khettai / sarisa tIsa saMkula pavvayahaM ajja mleccha moya mahi juttaI / / 5 / / puNu chaNavai kubhoya-dharAlaI lavaNakAla NAmahaM mayarAlaI / avasappiNi uvisappiNiyA chaha-chaha kAlaI lihahi NisattaraM / koDAkoDi usAya rahaM ekka ekkadasa dasa pavittaraM / / 6 / / caudaha kulayaraM jiNa cauvIsahaM, lihi purANa bAraha cakkesaM / vAsu eva balaeva Nava NavaM paDivAsu evaM saMcArahiM / kAmaeva NAraya sumiri puNu eyAraha rudda payAsahiM / / 7 / / daMsaNasuddhi-pamuha aNusariya solahakAraNa lihi jiNa cariyaiM / tihiM bheyahiM sammattu lihi sattabheya micchattu saMbhari / paMca NANa aNANa tahA daMsaNa cAri payattiM uddhari / / 8 / / lihi eyAraha sAvaya-paDimA bAraha bhikkhu-paDima muNi gammai / aTThAvIsa vi mUlaguNA bAraha - - ha - vihu caudaha vihu saMjamu / sahasa aTThAraha sIlu maNi paMcAcAru mavosari uttamu / / 9 / / guNahaM lakkha caurAsI Tippahi caudaha jIvasamAsa viyappahiM / caudaha lihi guNaThANa puNu vIsa paruvaNaM caudaha maggaNa / chaha pajjaMtI pANa daha cArivi gai tahaM siddha NiraMjaNa / / 10 / / NANAvaraNa paMca dui veyaNa Nava daMsaNa AvaraNa mahANavaM / aTThAvIsa vi mohaNiya Ava cAri dui gotta machaMDahi / NAma payaDi teNavai puNu, aMtarAya paMca vilai maMDahi / / 11 / / Nava payaccha satta vi lai taccaiM chaha davvaiM paMcatthiyakAyaiM / dui pamANa Nava muNahi gayA cAri vi NamaI jai NikkhevahiM / - OQ 54 prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '99

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mai chattIsA tiNNi sayA bArasaMga saMThivi saMkhevaI / / 12 / / caudaha puvva paNamavi caudahaM avahiNANu jANahi bheya chhN| lihi saMpuNu samosaraNu satta...yAra saMghu . jiNasamayahaM / maNapajjaya duiM bheya viu tiNa tisaDhi saya lihi kumayahaM / / 13 / / lai lehaNi mahu vuttau kijjaI cUnaDiyA vaDha maMDivi dijjii| satta sarIraiM cArimaNA cArivi vayaNaiM paNaraha joyiN| paNaraha lihahi pamAya tuhu~ caudaha mala parihAraiM ticchii|| 14 / / guttiu salla daMDa tihi bheyahiM, solahaviha kasAya mA ceyahi / sumari asaMjama saMtterahaM Nava kasAya Nava joNi lihahi Nava / chaha lesaiM daha dhamma bhUri cAri sanna maya satta ti gArava / / 15 / / cAri ANi caubheyahiM kahiyahi, sumatta duguNa aTThavi khiyiN| lihahi dosa paNavIsa maho aTThavia gaI sa sriiriN| viNauM visesahi paMcavihi, jaM karevi muNi gaya bhavatIra ho / / 16 / / aTThottara sau hiMsAbheyaho, daivihi saccu asaccu viyArahi / baMbhu payAsahiM bheya Nava, bahiraMtara dasa caudasa gNthii| AyariyahaM chattIsa guNA, are re viNA Niya lihi thira-hatthaI / / 17 / / bAraha aNuvehau lihi baMdhakaru muNiNA vIsaya parisaha duddharaM / tetIsaiM accAsaNaiM rayaNattauM lihi siv-suh-saahnnu| aNuvaya-guNa-sikkhA-vayai bArahavihi tau sAvaya-dhammahaM / / 18 / / kiriyA tevaNa iMgihi dhammaI teraha risi dhammahaM Ni chmmii| paMcabIsa lihi vaNaiM, cAri samaya tahu jIvaho jaMtaho / aTThavi guNa devattaNahaM, lihi micchatta paMtANaMtahaM / / 19 / / sAsaNa-guNa koDi vAvaNaiM missa ThANa tehu guNa pvnniN| satta koDisaya sattamuNi teraha koDi usAvaya tthaanniN| tihi UNiya NavakoDi lihi muNiya eyAraha guNa pariyANahi / / 20 / / igu aDayAla satta uNahattari paMca aTTha lihi jiNahara aNtri| caudevahaM saMghAya muNi dasaviha bhAvaNa vasuviha viMtara / paMca payAraiM joiMsiyu bAraha kappavAsi lihi suravara / / 21 / / paMcabhAva Nava laddhi jiNiMdahaM satta riddhi lihi gaNahara-viMdahaM / paMcAcAraiM dasa vidisi pavayaNamAya aha dasa muNddnn| cau maMgala uttama saraNa, pachaI cAri maNa khaMDaNa / / 22 / / tiNi kAla kiriyA paNavIsaiM lihi aMtayau annuttrdesii| prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 00 55

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ArAhaNa bhayavai lihahi nA cAlIsa haMsuttahaM vaddhI / paMca maraNa je tahiM kahiyA ceyaNa tihiM bheyahiM supasiddhI / / 23 / / paMca NigaMtha satta - siya-bhaMgaiM Nava- Nihi caudaha - rayaNa samaggaiM / buddhiu cau balasatta guNa davva sayajjava guNa saMbhAlahi / AloyaNa dasa dosa lihi thAvara paya chajjIva macAlahiM / / 24 / / cautIsaiM lihiai saisAraM chavviha puggalu chaha AhAraI / chaha saMThANaiM saMhaNaNA dasaviha saNu suddhiu lihitahaM / aMtarAya battIsa bhaNi viccAvaccu bhatti dasa dasavihu / / 25 / / paMDiyamaraNu tiNi tihuM jANahi aTThaviveya paMcakallAI / dAyAraiM lihi sattaguNa, chiMpahi aTThasuddhi hayabhAvaI / sattaru saya uveyaTTha giripurau dahottara sau khagavAsaI / / 26 / / kappavAsi paDula tesaTThivi lihi akkhara pUrivi causaTThivi / paMca varaNa chaha rasa gaNahiM satta visara dui gaMdha NiruttaI / aTTa pharusi cau dANa puNu aTThAvIsaiM visaya samappAhi / / 27 / / pADihera (prAtihArya) aTThavi jiNa daha paDilehaNe guNa paMca muNiMdahaM / paMca aTTha saya paMca tiyA aTThAvIsa igAraha akkhiya / aMgai puvva payaNiyaI caudaha guNa soyArama saMkiya / / 28 / / livi aTThAraha kalA vahattari causaTThi vi viNANa bhaNaMtari / riu chaha bAraha bAhara mAsa lihi puDhavi bheya chattIsa visesahi / sattAvIsa aNagAra-guNa jiNahara sahasakUTa mahu haresahiM / / 29 / / sattA udaya udIraNa kammahaM lihisa visesa vihiya jiNadhammahe / ettiu lihivi samappiyauM muddhau ghari gaya uTThiya cuNiyaM / vijayacaMdamuNi vayaNa suNi uttama sAvaya vayaNu chaNiyaM / / 30 / / tihuvaNagiripura jagi vikkhAyauM sagga khaMDu NaM dhariyala AyauM / tahi NivasaMtaya muNivariNA ajaya NaMridahaM rAyavihArI / vegiM viraiya cUnaDiyA sohaho muNivara je suvasArA / / 31 / / iya cunaDiya muNiMda payasiyaM saMpuMNI jiNa Agama-bhAsiyaM / paDhahiM guNahiM je saddahahiM te pAvahiM rAya sukkha - nihANaiM / bhavasAyaru bhaviyaNa tirahiM makkha sokkhu te Nara pAvahiM / / 32 / / / / iti zrI viNayacaMda muNi kRtaM cUnaDI rAsakaM samAptaM / / noTa: - isa kRti kA racanAkAla saM0 1210-15 ke lagabhaga honA cAhiye, saM0 1455 meM likhe guTake meM yaha racanA vidyamAna hai| kyoMki O 56 prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara 199

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apabhraMza ke Adya mahAkavi svayaMbhU evaM unake nArIpAtra -pro0 (DaoN0) vidyAvatI jaina yadyapi vAlmIki dvArA citrita nArI-pAtra Age ke aneka lekhakoM ke lie prakAza-stambha bane; phira bhI jaina-lekhakoM ne usakA andhAnukaraNa nahIM kiyA, balki apanI svatantra vicAradhArA, zramaNa-paramparA aura yuga-prabhAva Adi kA puTa dekara unheM kucha viziSTaguNoM se alaMkRta kiyaa| zramaNa-sAhitya vizeSata: 'paumacariu' ke nArI-pAtroM ko dekheM, to zramaNetara-sAhitya ke nArI-pAtroM se unake svatantra Atma-vikAsa ke vaiziSTya kI sImA-rekhA spaSTa aMkita kI jA sakatI hai| nArI-pAtroM ke vividharUpa mukharita karane meM kavi svayaMbhU ko bar3I saphalatA milI hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki use vibhinna varga kI nAriyoM kI manodazA kA talasparzI jJAna thA; ata: usane jisa nArI kA bhI citraNa kiyA, vaha sAMgopAMga bana par3A hai| ve aindrajAlika athavA kAlpanika nahIM, balki hamAre bIca ke sAMsArika-yathArtha prANI jaise hI haiM, jinameM bhadratA, abhadratA athavA usake mizritarUpa kA darzana sahaja-sulabha hai| paristhitiyA~ evaM vAtAvaraNa nArI meM kitanA parivartana lA sakate haiM? --yaha svayaMbhU ke nArI-pAtroM se spaSTa hai| .. svayaMbhU ne nArI-pAtroM ke svAbhAvika avaguNoM kI avatAraNA bhI kI hai, kintu aMta meM unhoMne unheM bhI paristhitiyoM kI kasauTI para kasakara tathA unakA hRdaya parivartita kara unheM bhI uccapada para pratiSThita kiyA hai| apabhraMza-sAhitya ke kSetra meM nArI ke lokamaMgala kI yaha kalpanA kavi svayaMbhU kI saMbhavata: apanI hI maulika dena hai, jo zramaNetara-paramparA meM durlabha hai| svayaMbhU kI yaha preraka paramparA paravartI apabhraMza-kaviyoM ke lie bhI Adarza bana gii| ina tathyoM ke Aloka meM kavi ke 'paumacariu' meM varNita kucha pramukha-nArI-pAtroM ke caritroM kA yahA~ vizleSaNa prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai:___ 1. sItA:-svayaMbhU kI sItA saundarya meM advitIya hai| kavi ne usake nakha-zikha kA hRdayAvarjaka varNana kiyA hai| usake anusAra sItA kI kAyA vidyullatA kI AbhA ke samAna ujjvala hai aura usake aMga-pratyaMgoM kI saMracanA atyanta hI suDaula evaM sugaThita hai| anindya saundaryavatI hone para bhI kavi ne usake saundarya-citraNa meM kAmottejaka tathA azlIla upamAyeM nahIM dI haiN| usane kevala usake saundarya ke prabhAva kA hI santulita bhASA meM citraNa kiyA hai| kintu saundarya kabhI-kabhI abhizApa kA kAraNa bana jAtA hai| jisa samaya sItA vanavAsa meM rAma ke sAtha vindhya-pradeza kI ghanI aTavI meM bhaTakatI hai, taba acAnaka hI prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara '99 0057

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vindhya kA rAjA rudrabhUti usake saundarya se AkRSTa hokara usake apaharaNa- - hetu apanI senA bheja detA hai| usa avasara para yadi lakSmaNa apanA kSAtra- teja na dikhAte, to sItA kA apaharaNa sambhavataH usI samaya ho jAtA / vyakti sAdhAraNatayA durbhAgya ko jIvana kA bar3A bhArI abhizApa mAnane lagatA hai, kintu mahAkavi svayambhU ne sItA ke Upara ghora vipattiyoM ke samaya bhI yaha ukti lAgU nahIM hone dI hai| lokadRSTi meM yadyapi sItA abhAgI hai, kintu usakA yaha durbhAgya bhI puruSArtha kA hI dyotaka hai| yaha bAta sahI hai ki vaha vivAha ke bAda kiMcit bhI vaivAhika sukha nahIM bhoga skii| yahA~ taka ki vivAha kI prathama varSagAMTha bhI nahIM manA sakI, kyoMki usake pUrva hI use vanagamana karanA par3A; phira bhI vaha apane durbhAgya ko kosatI nahIM, balki Agata pIr3AoM evaM vipattiyoM ko vaha pUrvajanmakRta karmoM kA hI phala mAnakara unheM dhairyapUrvaka sahatI hai| vaha spaSTa kahatI hai-- "eyahAeN dukkiyakammaho phalai~ / " jahA~ taka samakAlIna samAja meM nArI ke guNoM kA prazna hai, unameM bhI sItA ko kavi ne sarvocca Asana para virAjamAna kiyA hai| eka prasaMga meM kavi ne use nRtyakalA meM pravINa batalAyA hai| jisa samaya rAma, lakSmaNa evaM sItA - tInoM milakara kulabhUSaNa, dezabhUSaNa munirAja kI vandanA ke lie jAte haiM, taba unakI tapa:pUta sAdhanA se atyanta prabhAvita hokara rAma 'sughoSA' nAmaka vINA kA vAdana karane lagate haiM aura usakI saMgata meM lakSmaNa bhI zAstrIya saMgIta prArambha karate haiM, jisameM sAta svara, tIna grAma, evaM anyAnya svarabheda rahate haiM / mUrcchanA ke 21 sthAna aura 49 svaratAneM rahatI haiN| unakI tAloM para sItA nRtya karatI hai| apanI nRtyakriyA meM sItA nau rasa, ATha bhAva, daza dRSTiyoM evaM 22 layoM kA sundara pradarzana kara sabhI ko prabhAvita karatI hai|' mahAkavi svayambhU kA sItA kI kalA-pravINatA - sambandhI prasaMga sarvathA maulika hai / anya zramaNetara rAmAyaNoM meM yaha prasaMga upalabdha nahIM hotaa| isameM sItA ke mAdhyama se kavi ne samakAlIna saMgIta evaM nRtyakalA ke vikasitarUpa kA saMkSipta vizleSaNa to kiyA hI, sAtha hI apanI saMgItajJatA kA bhI paricaya diyA hai / sItA yadyapi navavivAhitA hai / prasUti - pIr3A athavA pArivArika yA dAmpatya-sukha ke anubhava ke pUrva hI use vanavAsa bhoganA par3atA hai; phira bhI nArIsulabha mAtRtva guNa usameM prArambha se hI samAhita hai / usakA hRdaya navanIta ke sadRza komala, sarala, niSpakSa evaM niSkapaTa hai| vanavAsa ke samaya lakSmaNa dvArA bhUla se jaba candralekhA ke tapasyArata putra zambUka kA vadha ho jAtA hai, taba sItA zokavihvala ho uThatI hai aura usakA mAtRtva-guNa jAga uThatA hai, jo usake virAT vyaktitva ke sarvathA anukUla hI hai| vaha usake vadha se usI prakAra pIr3ita ho uThatI hai, jaise svayaM usake putra kI hI kisI ne hatyA kara dI ho / sItA eka ora jahA~ mAtRtva guNoM se bharapUra evaM atyanta sukomala hRdayA hai, vahIM 158 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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dUsarI ora vaha apane pAtivratya evaM zIla-sadAcAra kI surakSA ke lie aDiga, akampa evaM kaThora pASANa kI taraha bhI hai| 'nandanavATikA' meM mandodarI jaba rAvaNa ke rAjya-vaibhava evaM aizvarya-sukhoM kA pralobhana detI huI rAvaNa ko apane priyatama ke rUpa meM svIkAra karane hetu sItA se anurodha karatI hai, taba sItA bar3I hI nirbhIkatApUrvaka rAvaNa ko tuccha batalAkara mandodarI kI ghora bhartsanA karatI hai aura use phaTakAratI huI kahatI hai--tuma apane pati ke lie dautya-karma karake, mujhe phusalA rahI ho| pratIta hotA hai ki tuma svayaM bhI kisI parapuruSa meM Asakta ho / " mandodarI ke asaphala ho jAne para jaba rAvaNa svayaM hI sItA ke pAsa jAkara use taraha-taraha ke pralobhana detA hai aura rAma ko tuccha evaM adhama siddha karane kA prayatna karatA hai, taba sItA kA zIla-teja bhar3aka uThatA hai aura vaha tamakakara use uttara detI hai-"are ! tU mujhe apanA Rddhi-vaibhava kyA dikhalAtA hai? suna le, vaha to mere lie tRNa ke samAna tuccha hai| terA sundara evaM samRddha rAjya mere lie yamazAsana kI taraha hai| terA rAjakula mere lie bhayAvaha zmasAna ke samAna hai, tathA terA yauvana mere lie viSa-bhojana ke samAna hai| tere usa aizvarya-vaibhava se kyA lAbha, jahA~ sannAriyoM ke zIla evaM caritra ke khaNDita hone kI AzaMkA ho?" sItA ke isa dRr3ha zIlavrata kI prazaMsA meM rAvaNa kI paTTarAnI evaM dAsiyA~ svayaM prazaMsA karatI haiN| sItA kaSTa-sahiSNu hai| apahRta hone ke bAda vaha 21 dina taka nirAhAra raha jAtI hai| vaha pratijJA karatI hai ki jaba taka usake priyatama (rAma) kA use koI samAcAra nahIM milegA, taba taka usake AhAra-jala kA tyAga hai| vaha rAvaNa evaM usakI dAsiyoM dvArA die gae kaSToM ko bar3e dhairya aura sAhasa ke sAtha sahana karatI hai| viyoginI sItA para hRdayavedhI apamAnajanaka zabdavANoM kI ghanaghora varSA tathA kalpanAtIta vipattiyoM kI bauchAroM ke bIca bhI usake dhairya evaM sAhasa ko dekhakara pavanaputra hanumAna svayaM bhI Azcaryacakita ho jAte haiM tathA ve usakI prazaMsA karate hue kahate haiM"ghora vipattiyoM meM prANAnta hone kI sthiti Ane para bhI isa sItA ne asIma dhairya dhAraNa kiyA hai| mahilA hokara bhI isameM jitanA sAhasa hai, utanA puruSoM meM bhI nhiiN|" virahiNI sItA nandanavana meM jaba rAma kI smRti meM pIr3ita evaM arddhamUrcchita rahatI hai, usI samaya hanumAna pracchanna rahakara sItA kI goda meM rAma kI nAmAMkita mudrikA girAte haiN| pUrva meM to vaha use indrajAla kI taraha hI pratIta hotI hai, kintu bAda meM jaba use usakI yathArthatA kA pUrNa vizvAsa hotA hai, taba vaha spaSTa kahatI hai ki "jo bhI hitaiSI rAma kI isa aMgUThI ko lekara yahA~ AyA hai, vaha mere sAmane sAkSAt upasthita ho|" usakA kathana sunakara hanumAna usake sammukha prakaTa ho jAte haiM aura sItA ko trasta karanevAlI rAvaNa kI dUtiyoM ko dUra haTAkara ve rAma kA kuzala vRttAnta kahakara sItA se rAghava ke pAsa calane kA nivedana karate haiM / isa prasaMga meM sItA ne jo uttara diyA vaha prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 00 59

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bhAratIya zIla evaM pAtivratya ke itihAsa kA eka atyanta rocaka evaM adbhuta udAharaNa hai| viraha-santapta sItA yadyapi atyanta duHkhI hai, kintu vaha parapuruSa ke sparza kI bhI kalpanA se atidUra evaM atyanta svAbhimAninI mahilA ke rUpa meM upasthita hotI hai| vaha hanumAna se kahatI hai: "guNavihInA bahU hI parapuruSa ke sAtha jA sakatI hai, koI kulavadhU nahIM; kyoMki yaha raghukula-paramparA ke sarvathA viparIta hai| he vatsa ! yadi apane kulagRha bhI jAnA ho, to bhI use pati ke binA jAnA ayukta hai; kyoMki janapada ke loga prAya: nindAzIla, svabhAvaduSTa evaM kaluSita manavAle hote haiM / jahA~ jo bAta nItivihIna hotI hai, ve tatkAla hI AzaMkA kara usakI nindA karanA prArambha kara dete haiM / ataH nizAcara dazAnana ke vadha ke pazcAt 'jaya-jaya' zabda hone para maiM zrI rAma ke sAtha hI apane janapada jaauuNgii| unake binA maiM nahIM jA sktii| hA~, tuma itanA avazya karo ki rAma kI jAnakArI ke lie merA yaha 'cUr3AmaNi ratna' unheM arpita kara denA" / " vyakti ke dhairya kI bhI eka sImA hotI hai / nirantara ghAta-pratighAtoM ke madhya dhairya bhI jaba dhairyavihIna ho sakatA hai, taba sItA kevala eka nArI thii| jaba laMkA - vijaya ke pazcAt rAma-lakSmaNa evaM sItA ke sAtha ayodhyA vApasa A jAte haiM, kintu kucha dinoM ke bAda lokApavAda ke kAraNa rAma sItA ko vana meM nirvAsita kara dete haiN| saMyoga se puNDarIkanagara kA rAjA vajrasaMgha apanI 'dharmabahina' mAnakara use aTavI se apane rAjabhavana meM sAdara le AtA hai" / kAlAntara meM sItA ko lAne hetu rAma vibhISaNa, aMgada, sugrIva evaM hanumAna ko bhejate haiN| unheM dekhate hI sItA kA dhairya kucha kSaNoM ke lie TUTa jAtA hai| aura vaha tIvra zabdoM meM rAma kI kaTu AlocanA karane ke lie vivaza ho jAtI hai| vaha kahatI hai--"mere sAmane pASANa-hRdaya rAma kA nAma mata lo| unase mujhe kabhI sukha nahIM milA / cugalakhoroM ke kahane para unhoMne mujhe jo AghAta pahu~cAyA hai, usakI jalana saikar3oM meghoM kI varSA se bhI zAnta nahIM ho sakatI / " Age calakara sItA kA rUpa aura bhI adhika ugra ho uThA hai / vaha vastutaH dIrghakAla se saMcita manassaMtApa evaM utpIr3ana kA hI pariNAma thA, jisakA bA~dha rAma ko dekhate hI TUTa par3A hai| paravartI prAcIna bhAratIya vAGmaya meM bhAravi kI draupadI ke bhASaNa ke atirikta itanA tejasvI bhASaNa anyatra upalabdha nahIM / apabhraMza-sAhitya meM to yaha bhASaNa prathama evaM antima hI hai| dIrghAvadhi ke bAda jaba rAma sItA ke sammukha Ate haiM, taba sItA ko to unase yahI AzA thI ki usake priyatama usake A~sU poMchakara sneha - sikta vANI meM usakI kuzalatA pUcheMge, kintu usakI kalpanA ke sarvathA viparIta rAma vyaMgya - bhare zabdoM kA prayoga karate haiM / sItA rAma ke isa vyaMgyavANa se marmAhata avazya huI, kintu usakA svAbhimAna usa apamAna ko sahana nahIM kara sakA / ata: vaha bhI rAma kI bhASA ke samAnAntara hI uttara 60 prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara 199

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detI hai| isa prasaMga meM aisA pratIta hotA hai, jaise svayaMbhU kI sItA yugoM-yugoM se mAnava dvArA pratAr3ita hone vAlI samasta mahilA-samAja kI pratinidhi hokara sAre puruSa samAja ko yaha ghoSaNA kara rahI ho ki 'nArI puruSa kI dAsI nahIM, aba vaha puruSa-pradatta yAtanAoM evaM anyAya-atyAcAroM ko adhika samaya taka sahana nahIM kara sktii| use unake pratirodha kA pUrNa adhikAra hai|' sItA ke caritra meM yaha prasaMga eka dUSaNa ke rUpa meM prayukta mAnA jA sakatA hai; kyoMki jo satI zIlavatI ho, apane priyatama ke vichoha meM jisane jIvana ke sukhoM kI kalpanA kA bhI parityAga kara diyA ho; vahI cirakAla ke bAda apane priyatama se prathama milana kI belA meM itanA Akroza dikhAe-yaha usake vyaktitva ke sarvathA pratikUla pratIta hotA hai; kintu isa prasaMga meM aisA pratIta hotA hai ki kavi svayambhU ne samakAlIna mahilA samAja kI sthiti para prakAza DAlane kA avasara nikAlA hai| aura sItA ke mAdhyama se unhoMne usakA spaSTa vizleSaNa kiyA hai| nirvAsita sItA jaba lauTakara ayodhyA vApasa AtI hai, taba vaha apane zIlabhaMga kI AzaMkA kA nirAkaraNa kie binA nagara-praveza nahIM krtii| vaha nagara ke bAhara usI upavana meM baiTha jAtI hai, jahA~ se rAma ne use nirvAsita kiyA thaa| vaha jIvana kI sabase kaThora parIkSA--agniparIkSA dekara apane priyatama rAma ke mana kI hI nahIM, apitu samasta janapada ke logoM kI zIlabhaMga-sambandhI AzaMkA ko bhI nirmUlakara denA cAhatI hai| ata: vaha 'paMca namaskAra mantra' kA smaraNa karatI huI prajvalita agnicitA meM praveza kara jAtI hai| yaha usake zIla kA hI prabhAva hai ki vaha citAgni zItala-jala meM parivartita ho jAtI hai| aura usase sabhI upasthita nara-nArI usa dRzya se prabhAvita hokara usake caritra ke niSkalaMka hone kI ghoSaNA karate haiN|" agniparIkSA ke bAda rAma socate haiM ki aba unake evaM sItA ke pUrvakRta duSkarmoM kA zamana ho gayA hai aura sItA ke sAtha unakA zAnti evaM samatA kA jIvana vyatIta hogA; kintu aba dUsarI hI sthiti utpanna ho jAtI hai| sItA bhautika-sukhoM kI kSaNikatA evaM sAMsArika mAyAjAla kI nissAratA kA anubhava kara unase nirlipta ho jAtI hai| usake sammukha saMsAra kI anityatA sAkAra ho cukI thii| ari-mitra, mahala-masAna evaM kaMcana-kA~ca ke prati usake mana meM koI bhedabhAva nahIM raha jAtA hai| zIghra hI vaha sAMsArika-sukhoM se virata hokara 'AryikAvrata' svIkAra kara letI hai aura ghora tapasyA meM lIna hokara svatantra Atma-vikAsa kI prakriyA meM lIna ho jAtI hai|" __ isaprakAra svayambhU kI sItA kaSTasahiSNu, karmasiddhAnta meM vizvAsa rakhanevAlI, zIlarakSA meM kaThora, atyanta nirbhIka evaM sAhasI, lokakalAoM meM pravINa, komala-hRdayA, svAbhimAninI tathA saMsAra kI kSaNikatA dekhakara vairAgya dhAraNakara svatantra AtmavikAsa prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 0061

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kI prakriyA meM vizvAsa rakhanevAlI Adarza nAyikA hai| jaba hama sItA-viSayaka zramaNetara - sAhitya ko dekhate haiM, usameM kucha prasaMgoM meM maulika antara dRSTigocara hotA hai / yaha antara vastutaH vicArabheda athavA dRSTi-bheda ke kAraNa hI hai / yathA--'vAlmIki rAmAyaNa' meM sItAharaNa ke prasaMga meM batalAyA gayA hai ki vaha eka svarNa-mRga ko dekhate hI usa para AkarSita ho jAtI hai aura usake svarNAbha- carma kI upalabdhi ke lie vaha rAma ko usake vadha ke nimitta bhejatI hai / kintu zramaNa-paramparA kI sItA apane manovinoda tathA apane zarIrasukha ke lie kisI niraparAdha prANI kI hiMsA karAye--yaha usake lie sambhava nahIM; ataH svayambhU ne sItAharaNa ke prasaMga meM ghaTanA ko ahiMsaka mor3a diyA hai| zambUka kI mRtyu ke pazcAt jaba lakSmaNa khara-dUSaNa ke sAtha yuddha kara rahA thA, tabhI rAvaNa ne rAma ko bhrama meM DAlane ke lie apanI 'avalokinI vidyA' ke dvArA siMhanAda karavA diyaa| rAma ne use lakSmaNa kA Artasvara samajhA aura ve sItA ko akelI chor3akara lakSmaNa kI sahAyatArtha pahu~ca jAte haiM aura idhara avasara pAte hI rAvaNa sItA kA apaharaNa kara le jAtA hai| 18 yahA~ yaha bhI dhyAtavya hai ki zramaNetara rAmakathAoM meM sItAharaNa se pUrva sItA lakSmaNa ke prati lAMchanApUrNa kaThora zabdoM kA prayoga kara use apamAnita karatI hai, kintu zramaNa-lekhakoM ne sItA ke isa prakAra ke svabhAva kA bhUlakara bhI ullekha nahIM kiyA / kaikeyI: kaikeyI rAjA dazaratha kI patnI evaM bharata kI mAtA hai / usakA caritra anya rAmakathAoM meM Adi se anta taka nindita evaM garhita koTi kA citrita kiyA gayA. hai| mahAkavi svayambhU ne bhI prArambha meM kucha vaisA hI citrita kiyA hai, kintu bAda meM use U~cA uThAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai| usakA caritra kaisA hI rahA ho, kintu samIkSA kI dRSTi se vaha isalie mahattvapUrNa hai ki rAmakathA ke vikAsa meM isa pAtra kA adbhuta sahayoga rahA hai| yadi nArI pAtroM meM kaikeyI kA sRjana na kiyA jAtA, to rAmakathA sambhavataH sItA svayaMvara taka hI sImita hokara eka sAmAnya purANa evaM dharmakathA mAtra raha jAtI / 'paumacariu' meM use rAjanIti - catura, sAhasI, vIrAMganA, vicArapaTu, suavasara se lAbha uThAnevAlI evaM paristhitiyoM se prerita mAtA ke rUpa meM aMkita kiyA gayA hai| apane vivAha ke bAda utpanna sthiti se apane priyatama rAjA dazaratha ke ratha ko hA~kakara tathA viSamatAoM ke madhya vaha apanI nirbhIkatA, parAkrama evaM kalA-kauzala dikhalAkara priyatama se do varadAna prApta karatI hai aura unheM unhIM ke pAsa dharohara ke rUpa meM chor3a detI hai / rAma ke rAjyAbhiSeka kI bAta ko sunakara kaikeyI kA mana bhAvI AzaMkA se vyAkula ho uThatA hai| vaha socane lagatI hai ki kahIM usakA putra bharata rAjagaddI se vaMcita na raha 0062 prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara 199 .

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jAya aura rAma ke sevaka ke rUpa meM hI use jIvana-yApana na karanA par3e; ata: vaha dazaratha ke pAsa pUrva-surakSita varadAnoM kI mAMga karake rAma ko vanavAsa evaM bharata ko rAjagaddI dene kA prastAva karatI hai| antata: vaha apane prayAsa meM saphala bhI ho jAtI hai| sampUrNa rAma-kathA meM kaikeyI hI eka aisI pAtra hai, jisake mAdhyama se kavi ne tatkAlIna eka pArivArika svArtha-lipsA, IrSyA, vidveSa evaM kalahakArI vRtti ko abhivyakta kiyA hai| yadyapi vaha raghukula ke lie azubha-nakSatra ke rUpa meM ubharakara sammukha AtI hai," phira bhI Age calakara vaha bhI mahAkavi kI sahAnubhUti arjita kara letI hai| zIghra hI usakA viveka jAgRta hotA hai aura vaha apane duSkRtyoM kA pazcAttApa hI nahIM karatI, apitu saMsAra ke kSaNika sukhoM se vairAgyonmukha hokara vaha 'AryikA vrata' dhAraNa kara letI hai aura apane vyaktitva ko svatantra AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM lagAkara sadgati prApta karatI hai| candranakhA:-candranakhA rAvaNa kI choTI bahina evaM pAtAla-laMkezvara khara-dUSaNa kI patnI hai| vaha jAti se nizAcarI hai| jahA~ vaha zArIrika dRSTi se sundara evaM suDaula hai, vahIM atyanta kulakSaNI evaM mAyAvinI bhii| jisa samaya usake ikalaute putra zambUka kA vadha ho jAtA hai, usa samaya usakI jananI hone ke kAraNa candranakhA gagana-bhedI rudana karatI hai| usa avasara para usakA yaha rudana svAbhAvika hI hai; kintu jaise hI vaha AtatAyI vadhika lakSmaNa kA patA lagA letI hai, to vaha usake (lakSmaNa) ke yuvakocita rUpa-saundarya ko dekhakara apane mana kA sArA duHkha bhUla jAtI hai aura vaha usa para kAmAsakta ho jAtI hai| kAmAsakti kI isI preraNA se vaha rAma-lakSmaNa se apane sAtha vivAha kA prastAva bhI rakhane kI dhRSTatA karatI hai| jaba rAma-lakSmaNa usake prastAva ko ThukarA dete haiM, taba kAmAsakti ke kAraNa vaha vikSipta hone lagatI hai| usakI yaha kAmAsakti usa caramakoTi taka pahu~catI hai, jahA~ nArI apanA viveka khokara vikSiptAvasthA meM apane hI zarIra ko noMca-khasoTa letI hai|" .. mahAkavi svayambhU ne candranakhA ko usI vikSiptAvasthA meM chor3akara usake caritra kI itizrI nahIM kara dii| Age calakara usane usake caritra ko unnata karane kA prayatna bhI kiyA hai| paristhitiyoM ke Aroha-avaroha meM usakA viveka zIghra hI jAgRta hotA hai| vaha apane duSkRtyoM para svayaM pazcAttApa karatI hai aura saMsAra kI kSaNikatA kA dhyAna kara 'AryikA vrata' grahaNa karatI hai aura kaThora tapazcaryA karatI huI sadgati prApta karatI hai| yahA~ yaha dhyAtavya hai ki 'paumacariu' ke praNetA ne para-mahilA-sparza ke tyAga tathA ahiMsA kI paramparA ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue zramaNetara kaviyoM kI taraha lakSmaNa dvArA candranakhA ke nAka-kAna nahIM kaTane die| itanA avazya hai ki candranakhA ke durvyavahAra se jaba lakSmaNa ko krodha A jAtA hai, taba vaha apane aMgUThe se bandamukha sUryahAsa khaDga' ko dabAkara uttejita kara baiThatA hai| phira bhI viveka usakA sAtha nahIM chor3atA aura vaha prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 0063

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kahatA hai ki--"yaha vahI 'sUryahAsa khaDga' hai, jisane tumhAre putra ke prANoM ko hara liyA hai / yadi koI manuSya tumhArI ora se raNabhAra uThAne meM samartha ho, to usake lie yaha dharma kA hAtha bar3hA huA hai|"23 zIla - sthApatya kI dRSTi se 'paumacariu' meM kaikeyI ke bAda eka aisI pAtra candranakhA hI hai, jisane kathA ke vikAsa meM mahattvapUrNa yogadAna kiyA hai| yahI vahI pAtra hai, jisane vividha ghaTanAoM ke tAna- vitAna bunakara rAvaNa jaise vIra evaM parAkramI yoddhA ko bhI uttejita kiyA aura 'paumacariu' meM use eka pratinAyaka ke rUpa meM prastuta hone kA avasara pradAna kiyA / vastutaH rAmakathA kA madhya evaM anta-bhAga candranakhA kI hI dena hai| usake abhAva meM na to rAvaNa dvArA sItAharaNa kI hI sambhAvanA thI aura na hI 'laMkAkANDa' kI sarjanA hI ho pAtI / usake abhAva meM rAmakathA eka rasa-kathA rahakara dharmapurANa kA rUpa avazya le letI, kintu vaha eka lokapriya jana-sAhitya ke rUpa meM ubharakara AbAla-vRddha, nara-nAriyoM ke kaNTha kA hAra kabhI nahIM bana pAtI / mandodarI:-- mandodarI svayambhU kI dUsarI aisI pramukha nArI pAtra hai, jisake mAdhyama se svayambhU ne mahilA-samAja ke guNa-doSoM kI prabhAvaka samIkSA kI hai / kavi ne use eka adbhuta sundarI ke rUpa meM citrita kara yadyapi usake saundarya ko nirdoSa batalAyA hai", kintu jinazAsana meM susaMskRta rahakara bhI apane priyatama rAvaNa kI preraNA se vaha sItA ko rAvaNa kI ora unmukha karane hetu viyoginI sItA ke pAsa nandana - vATikA meM jAtI hai / 25 yaha usake pati - parAyaNa hone kA hI udAharaNa hai / mandodarI svabhAvata: ugra evaM haThI hai| 2" jisa samaya vaha sItA ke sammukha rAvaNa kI prazaMsA kara, rAma evaM lakSmaNa ko tuccha batalAtI hai aura sItA usake uttara meM apane pati kI prazaMsA karatI huI usake sAtha rAvaNa kI bhartsanA karatI hai; taba krodhAnala meM dagdha mandodarI kahatI hai--"arI ! tU, abhI mara / kahA~ to zaktizAlI aura saundarya-sampanna rAvaNa aura kahA~ tere tuccha vanavAsI jaMgalI rAma aura lakSmaNa / tU rAvaNa se bacakara nahIM jA sktii| aba tU apane iSTadeva kA smaraNa kara, tujhe mere sivA anya koI bacA nahIM 28 sakatA aba terA mA~sa kATa-kATa kara vyantaroM ko de diyA jAyagA aura tere nAma kI rekhA taka miTA dI jaaygii|"" yadyapi svayambhU kI yaha ukti punarukta ho gaI hai; kyoMki mandodarI ne sItA ko dhamakI dete hue pUrva meM bhI isIprakAra ke karkaza vacanoM kA prayoga kiyA hai|" kintu pratibhAsita hotA hai ki mandodarI kI ugratA ko tIvratA dene ke lie hI kavi ne aisA kiyA hai| phira bhI kavi kI usake prati pUrNa sahAnubhUti hai, ata: vaha zIghra hI usakI vicAradhArA meM sudhAra bhI karavA detA hai / kavi jisa tIvratA ke sAtha usakI ugratA evaM haThadharmitA kA citraNa karatA hai, usI tIvratA ke sAtha vaha usameM kramika vicAra 64 prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara 199

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parivartana bhI karA detA hai| jaba mandodarI sItA ko apane pati ke prati pUrNa samarpita evaM ghora vipattikAla meM bhI zIla ke prati aDiga dekhatI hai, taba vaha usase prabhAvita hotI hai aura usake antastala meM nihita zIla-saMskAra jAgRta ho uThatA hai| vaha sItA ke prati apane dvArA kiye gae durvyavahAra ke kAraNa AtmagarhA kara rAvaNa kI kutsita-bhAvanAoM ke prati vidroha kara uThatI hai evaM use bhalA-burA kahakara samajhAne kA prayAsa karatI hai tathA sItA ko vApisa bheja dene kI prArthanA karatI hai| isaprakAra se mandodarI ke caritra ko dUSaNa se bacAkara use pAThakoM kI sahAnubhUti arjita karane kA acchA avasara pradAna kiyA hai| rAma-rAvaNa ke bhISaNa yuddha meM antata: rAma kI vijaya hotI hai aura rAvaNa kA vadha / sItA ko to rAvaNa ke kArAgAra se mukti mila jAtI hai, kintu mandodarI para vajrapAta ho jAtA hai| vaidhavya usake palle par3atA hai| apane parikara meM jaba vaha vidhavA ke rUpa meM prastuta hotI hai, taba sArA vAtAvaraNa zoka se bhara jAtA hai| yahA~ para kavi ne mandodarI ke caritra ko puna: Upara uThAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai| usake anusAra rAma evaM rAvaNa kI paristhitiyoM kA gahana cintana karane ke bAda mandodarI ke sAmane saMsAra kI vicitratA evaM anityatA spaSTa ho jAtI hai| phalasvarUpa vaha vairAgyonmukha hokara 'AryikA vrata' dhAraNa kara letI hai| isaprakAra mandodarI kA caritra vividhatAoM se paripUrNa hai| eka ora vaha pati kI prasannatA ke lie dautya-karma karatI hai, to dUsarI ora vaha apane hI pati kI kutsita bhAvanAoM kA pratirodha bhii| kyoMki usakI dRSTi meM jaba zAsaka hI bhakSaka bana jAyagA aura yadi vaha svayaM hI nIti-vidhAna ke viparIta AcaraNa karegA, taba samAja evaM rASTra kI surakSA kaise sambhava ho sakegI? | laMkAsundarI:-vIra vajrAyudha kI putrI laMkAsundarI kA citraNa eka tejasvinI tathA adamya vIrAMganA ke rUpa meM huA hai| isa caritra kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki yaha eka saundaryavatI kintu avivAhitA yuvatI hai| vaha astra evaM zastra donoM meM hI nipuNa hai| vaha apane pitA kI bhakti evaM sevA ke lie itanI adhika samarpita hai ki laMkA meM praveza karate samaya hanumAna ke dvArA pitA kI hatyA dekhakara usakA zaurya bhar3aka uThatA hai aura vaha khaDga lekara hanumAna ko na kevala lalakAratI hai, apitu raNacaNDI kA veza dhAraNakara yuddha meM hanumAna ko cunautI dekara unase TakarA bhI jAtI hai aura aneka viSama-zastroM kA prayoga kara unakA kavaca bhI naSTa-bhraSTa kara DAlatI hai| vIra hanumAna isa kumArI yuvatI ke kalpanAtIta parAkrama se kSaNabhara ke lie AtaMkita ho uThate haiN| isaprakAra saMkSepa meM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki 'paumacariu' ke nArI pAtra bhAgyavAdI nahIM; balki atyanta dhairyazIla, nirbhIka, sAhasI evaM puruSArthavAdI haiN| ve karmasiddhAnta meM , prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 0065

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parama AsthAvAn tathA karmaphala meM aTUTa vizvAsa rakhanevAle haiN| svayambhU ne apane jaghanya koTi ke nArI pAtroM ko bhI adhara meM nahIM chor3A hai| balki unake lie bhI eka aisA vAtAvaraNa prastuta kiyA hai, jisase ve apane duSkarmoM ke prati pazcAttApa kara bhautika-sukhoM kI kSaNikatA kA svayaM hI anubhava kara sakeM aura vairAgyonmukha hokara zAzvata-sukhoM kI prApti-heta prayatnazIla ho skeN| isa rUpa meM nArI ko puruSa kI dAsatA se mukti kA mArga dikhAne, svatantrarUpa se Atma-vikasita karane tathA usake lokamaMgala kI kAmanA karane kI kavi svayambhU kI yaha bhAvanA nissaMdeha hI maulika mAnI jaaygii| isI kAraNa nArI-jagat unheM kabhI bhI vismRta nahIM kara skegaa| sandarbha-sUcI 1. paumacariu, 49.12.6 1 2. vahI, 27.3.4 / 3. vahI, 54.2.9 / 4. vahI, 32.8.9 / 5. vahI, 36.5.41 6. vahI, 41.12 1 7. vahI, 7.3-61 8. vahI, 49.17.2-31 9. vahI, 49.9.9-10 / 10. vahI, 50.12.2 / 11. vahI, 50.12.5-11 / 12. vahI, 81.15.1-21 13. vahI, 83.6.1,891 14. vahI, 83.8.8-10, 83.91-61 15. vahI, 83:7.51 16. vahI, 83.11.9-10, 83/12, 13, 14, 15, 161 17. vahI, 83.18-20,85.12.21 18. vahI, 38.9-12 / 19. vahI 36.6-71 20. vahI, 37.61 21. vahI, 37.31 22. vahI, 37.2.21 23. vahI, 37.2.7-8 / 24. vahI, 41.4-41 25. vahI, 41.8-91 26. vahI, 49.16, 49.201 27. vahI, 49.14, 151 28. vahI, 49.16.1-21 29. vahI, 49.16.3-41 30. vahI, 41.11, 121 31. vahI, 70 1-2 74 2.7-9, 74.41 32. vahI, 76.3-41 33. vahI, 76 19-201 34. vahI, 48.11.6-101 uddezo lakSaNaM samyakrUpeNa parIkSA va zAstroM ke adhyayana meM pravRtta hone ke lie prAcIna AcAryoM ne yaha krama batalAyA haiM--uddeza, lakSaNanirdeza aura priikssaa| sarvaprathama vivakSita viSaya kA nAmamAtra nirdeza karanA cAhie, tadanantara usakA svarUpa-dyotaka lakSaNa jAnanA cAhie aura usake bAda parIkSA karanI cAhie, kyoMki nAma se lakSaNa aura lakSaNa se parIkSA karanI caahie| vivakSita vastu ke nAma mAtra kA kathana karanA uddeza hai, uddiSTa ko itara vastuoM se pRthak karanevAle dharma kA nAma lakSaNa hai aura lakSaNa ke anusAra usakI UhApohapUrvaka samIkSA karanA parIkSA hai| jaise--'gau' --yaha nAma gauviSayaka parAmarza meM uddeza hai; 'galakambalavantI gauH' (jisake gale meM kaMbala hai, vaha gau hai)--yaha gau kA lakSaNa hai| gau ke gale meM kambala hai yA nahIM yaha parIkSaNa parIkSA hai| isaprakAra uddeza, lakSaNanirdeza aura parIkSA -ina trividha ke paryAlocana se vastu ke parijJAna meM prAmANikatA AtI hai| ** 066 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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ahiMsA: eka vizvadharma -zrImatI raMjanA jaina 'attA ceva ahiMsA' kA mUlamaMtra bhAratIya saMskRti kA prANatattva rahA hai| isake anusAra AtmA yA prANImAtra kA svabhAva mUlata: ahiMsaka hai, bhale hI siMha Adi prANI saMskAravaza yA paristhitivaza bhojanAdi ke lie hiMsA karate bhI haiM; kintu ve pUrNata: hiMsaka kabhI bhI nahIM bana sake haiN| apane baccoM para mamatA, dayA evaM rakSA kI bhAvanA unameM ahiMsA ke astitva ko pramANita karatI hai| 'ahiMsA' ko prAya: kamajorI kA pratIka samajhA jAtA hai, kiMtu vastuta: yaha dRr3ha-manasvIjanoM evaM vIroM kA AbhUSaNa hai| yaha mAnasika vikAroM kI nivRtti kA sarvottama sAdhana bhI hai| krodha, baira, jhUTha, corI, durAcAra, anAvazyaka saMgraha, chala-prapaMca Adi kI duSpravRttiyA~ ahiMsaka mAnasa meM kabhI panapa nahIM pAtIM haiN| isIlie maharSi pataMjali ne likhA hai ki- "ahiMsA-pratiSThAyAM tatsannidhau vairtyaag:|" - (yogasUtra, 2/35) ___ arthAt jaba jIvana meM ahiMsA kI bhAvanA pratiSThita ho jAtI hai, to vyakti ke mana se vairabhAva kA tyAga ho hI jAtA hai| ahiMsA eka aise virATa vaTavRkSa ke samAna hai, jisameM satya, zIla, dayA, kSamA, nirabhimAnitA, paropakAra Adi kI sadbhAvanAyeM pakSiyoM kI taraha ghoMsale banAkara nivAsa karatI haiN| vizva ko sabhyatA aura saMskRti kI zikSA dene ke kAraNa vizvaguru' kI padavI prApta bhAratavarSa meM ahiMsA ko jIvanadarzana kA merudaNDa mAnA gayA hai| bhAratIya jIvanadarzana meM jo maryAdA evaM anuzAsana ke saMskAra gahare ghara kiye hue haiM, usakA mUlakAraNa bhI ahiMsaka jIvanadRSTi hI hai| maharSi manu ne hajAroM varSa pUrva likhA thA ki- "ahiMsayaiva bhUtAnAM kAryaM zreyo'nuzAsanam / " - (manusmRti, 2/159) ___ 'ahiMsA' kI sAdhanA vAstava meM eka utkRSTa AdhyAtmika sAdhanA hai, isIlie bhAratIya manISiyoM evaM saMtoM ne ise mAtra anya jIvoM kI rakSA taka hI sImita nahIM rakhA hai| unakI mAnyatA hai ki yadi ApakA mana pramAda, asAvadhAnI yA Aveza Adi se yukta hotA hai, phira kisI jIva ke prANoM kA ghAta ho yA nahIM, hiMsA kI utpatti ho cukI hai| isaprakAra unhoMne mAtra hiMsA kI pariNati ko nahIM, apitu use utpatti ke stara para hI maryAdita/niyantrita kara use AdhyAtmika U~cAiyA~ pradAna kI haiN| unakI spaSTa mAnasikatA rahI hai ki mana se pUrNa ahiMsaka bane binA vyakti yadi pUjA, yajJa Adi yA vrata, upavAsa Adi anuSThAna kara bhI le; to bhI use AtmadRSTi nahIM mila sakatI hai, Atmabodha nahIM ho sakatA hai; kyoMki usakI dRSTi hiMsA kI kAlimA se kaluSita hai| upaniSadkartA RSi likhate haiM"tadyathehakarmajito loka: kSIyate, evamevAmutra puNyajito loka: kssiiyte|" -(chAndogya upaniSad, 8/1/6) prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 0067

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artha:-jisaprakAra isa loka meM zramarUpa puruSArtha dvArA prApta (dhana-vastrAdi) sAmagrI naSTa ho jAne vAlI hai, usIprakAra yajJAdi dvArA prApta puNya bhI naSTa ho jAne vAle hI haiN| isI bAta ko maharSi bAlmIki ne bhI spaSTa kiyA hai___ "na zrutena na puNyena jJAyate jnyeymaatmnH|" - (yogavAziSTha, 6/83/14) / artha:-AtmA-sambandhI jJAtavya (AtmajJAna) ko zruti (zAstra) ko par3hakara yA (yajJAdi se) puNyasaMcita karake bhI nahIM jAnA jA sakatA hai| vastuta: puNya kI Asakti evaM AkarSaNa hiMsA ke mUlakAraNa rAga-dveSa kI vRttiyoM se kaluSita citta hai| jo vyakti apane mana ko isa mukta pUrNa ahiMsaka banAkara AtmajJAnI bana jAtA hai, use puNyakarmoM ke prati vivazatA jaisI bhAvanA nahIM raha jAtI hai| nArAyaNa zrIkRSNa 'gItA' meM likhate haiM--"AtmavantaM hi karmANi na bananti dhanaMjaya!" arthAt he arjuna! jo AtmajJAnI hai, jinakA citta viSayavAsanAoM evaM rAga-dveSa Adi hiMsAmUlaka bhAvanAoM se rahita hai, unheM karmoM kA baMdhana nahIM hotA hai| yaha AzvAsana milane ke bAda dRr3ha vizvAsa se bharapUra AtmavettA ko bhalA sAmAnyajanocita puNyAdi kAryoM kA kyA AkarSaNa raha jAyegA? mahAtmA buddha isI tathya kI puSTi karate huye kahate haiM "anavassutacittassa annvaahtcetso| paMjapApapahINassa natthi jAgarato bhayaM / / " - (dhammapada, cittavagA, 12) artha:-jisakA hRdaya rAga se rahita evaM dveSa se mukta ho gayA hai, usa jAgRta puruSa (AtmavettA vyakti) ko puNya aura pApa se pRthak ho jAne kA koI bhaya nahIM raha jAtA hai| ahiMsA kI itanI udAtta evaM uccatama pratiSThA karanevAlI bhAratIya saMskRti ne mAtra AdhyAtmika stara para hI ahiMsA kI pratiSThA nahIM kI hai, apitu vyAvahArika jIvana meM bhI usakI tArkika evaM saMtulita avadhAraNA ko prastuta kiyA hai| agni meM homa/havana karake puNya kI AkAMkSA karanevAloM ke prati vaidika purANoM meM bhI sAvadhAna karate hue spaSTata: ahiMsA kA pAlana karane kA nirdeza diyA gayA hai "ahiMsA paramo dharmastadagniAlyate kut:| hUyamAne yato vahnau sUkSmajIvavadho mahAn / / " - (skandapurANa, 59/37) artha:-'ahiMsA paramadharma hai' aisI sthiti meM agni ko (dharmakAryoM meM) jalAnA kahA~ taka ucita hai? kyoMki agni meM Ahuti dene AdirUpa kriyAoM se sUkSmajIvoM kA apAra vadha (bhArI hiMsA) hotI hI hai| vastuta: utkRSTa ahiMsaka mAnasikatA se hI prANImAtra ke prati karuNA, dayA evaM vAtsalya kI udArabhAvanA ke dvArA 'vasudhaiva kuTumbakam' kI ukti ko caritArtha kiyA jA sakatA hai| ata: ahiMsA eka ati vyApaka dharma hone se vizvadharma hai tathA sampUrNa vizva isI kI chAyA meM saMrakSita raha sakatA hai| 0068 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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DaoN0 luDaviga alsaDorpha -DaoN0 abhaya prakAza jaina prophesara (DaoN0) alsaDorpha vizvavidyAlaya pheDarala ripablika jarmanI meM pAlI, prAkRta, apabhraMza ke adhyayana kA kArya karate the| unhoMne ilAhAbAda vizvavidyAlaya meM 1930-32 meM jarmana, phreMca tathA bhASAvid ke rUpa meM kArya kiyaa| unhoMne AcAryaratna zrIdezabhUSaNa jI munirAja se preraNA lekara jainadarzana para vyApaka adhyayana kiyA thaa| phalata: unheM 'harivaMza purANa' para zodhakArya karane kI preraNA DaoN0 harmana jaikobI se milii| ___DaoN0 alsaDorpha kA janma 1904 meM 'rAhamAnalaiNDa' (jarmanI) meM huA thaa| unhoMne bhAratIya vidyA (Indology), samIkSAtmaka bhASAvijJAna, saMskRta tathA arabI, phArasI kA adhyayana haiDilabarga tathA haimbarga vizvavidyAlaya meM kiyaa| saMskRta kA adhyayana unhoMne narica jimmara tathA vAldIra ziyUbiMga ke samparka meM pUrA kiyaa| DaoN0 alsaDorpha ne 1928 meM haimbarga vizvavidyAlaya se 'kumArapAla pratibodha' nAmaka jaina apabhraMza graMtha para pI-eca0DI0 kI zodha-upAdhi prApta kii| isase Age kA zodha unhoMne DaoN0 hainarica lyUDara nAmaka jarmana iMDolAjisTa ke sAnnidhya meM jArI rkhaa| phira ve harmana jaikobI ke samparka meM Ae aura 'harivaMzapurANa' para zodhakArya kiyA jisakA zodha-graMtha 1963 meM prakAzita huaa| 1932-33 meM ve dakSiNa ke digaMbara muniyoM ke samparka meM Aye, unake jJAna ne unheM camatkRta kara diyaa| zivapurI meM unakI AcArya vijayendra sUri tathA vidyAvijaya muni, jayantavijaya muni se jainadharma-viSayaka carcAyeM huiiN| ve barlina vizvavidyAlaya meM iMDolaoNjI/jainolaoNjI ke rIDara' rhe| bAda meM munsisTara vizvavidyAlaya meM prophesara' ke pada para kArya kiyaa| aktUbara 1950 meM prophesara alsaDorpha ko haiDa oNpha di DipArTameMTa iMDolAjI/ jainolaoNjI' banAyA gyaa| ve isa pada para apane guru pro0 zubiMga ke sthAna para haimbarga vizvavidyAlaya meM niyukta kie ge| ve 1972 taka haimbarga vizvavidyAlaya para AsIna rhe| jainavidyA/bhAratIya vidyA para unake ullekhanIya yogadAna ke lie hama unakA abhinandana karate haiN| unake jainavidyA evaM bhAratIya vidyA-viSayaka lekhana kA saMkSipta vivaraNa nimnAnusAra hai:(1) 'uttarAdhyayana' para 6 zodha aalekh| (2) 'apabhraMza adhyayana' Apabramsha Studies (graMtha) (1937) bhASA jrmn| (3) di iMDiyana sava korineTa bhArata-pAkistAna-sIlona (graMtha) (1955) / . prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 0069

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(4) kanTrIbyUzana TU di hisTrI oNpha vejITeriyanijma eNDa varazipa ina iNDiyA (graMtha) (1951) tathA (1959) / (5) do volyUma meM pro0 hainarica lyUDara ke aprakAzita zodhapatroM ke prakAzana huA hai, isake saMpAdaka ina volyUmoM kA nAma 'varuNa' rakhA hai| (6) Apa pAlI/prAkRta kriTikala DikzanarI ke mukhya saMpAdaka rhe| __ ve sAiMsa ekeDemI eNDa liTarecara mainensa' ke sadasya tathA 'rAyala Dainiza aikeDemI sAIMsa/liTarecara' ke kAryakArI sadasya rhe| ve dvitIya vizva yuddha ke bAda bhArata 12 bAra aae| saMskRta saMgoSThiyoM tathA antarrASTrIya kAMphreMsa oNpha oriyaNTalisTa meM aae| jainaAgamoM para unake zodhapUrNa vyAkhyAna ullekhanIya rahe haiN| 'kSamAvIrasya bhUSaNam' "khammAmi savva jIvANaM, save jIvA khamaMtu me|" kSamA meM apAra zakti hai| vaha kSamApradAtA ko to U~cA uThAtI hI hai, kSamA prApta karanevAlA bhI usakI kRpApUrNa udAratA se vaMcita nahIM rhtaa| jaise vastra pratidina malina hote rahate haiM aura unheM puna: nirmala karane kA prayatna kiyA jAtA rahatA hai, vaise hI sAvadhAna rahate hue bhI mAnava ko jJAta-ajJAta krodhakaSAya bAdhita karate rahate haiN| unheM kSamA ke nirmala-nIra se prakSAlita karanevAlA apane AtmA meM zAnti ke zItala sarovaroM kI racanA karatA hai| nItikAra kahate haiM ki "jo durvacana bolatA hai, use rAtri meM nIMda nahIM AtI hai; kintu use sahana karanevAlA kSamAdhArI nirAkulatA se nandanavana ke masaNa-pallavoM para sotA hai|" kSamA ke pradeza meM krodha kI agni prajvalita nahIM hotI, vahA~ garaha mAsa basanta ke phUla musakarAte rahate haiN| dharma kI bhUmi, jisameM 'ahiMsA' bIja boyA jAtA hai, pahale 'kSamA' se urvara kI jAtI hai| isI hetu se parvarAja dazalakSaNoM meM kSamA ko prathama sthAna prApta hai| yaha kSamA parAjita kA dainya nahIM, apitu vijayI kA bherInAda hai| 'khammAmi savvajIvANaM savve jIvA khamaMtu me' yaha sanmati mahAvIra kI divyadhvani hai| jo mahAvIra hotA hai, vahI vizva ko 'abhaya' de sakatA hai| pRthvI jaba apanA kSamAbhAva chor3atI hai, to bhayAnaka bhUcAla Ate haiM aura mAnavajAti jaba kSamAhIna ho jAtI hai, to vizva meM pracalita matsyanyAya' use vinAza ke barbara-yuga meM dhakela detA hai| ata: mAnavatA kI vibhUti, dharmabIja kI prarohabhUmi, nirAkulatA kI dhAtrI, rajjurahita snehagranthi aura mArdava, Arjava, zauca, satya, saMyama, tapa, tyAga, AkiMcanya evaM brahmacarya kI jyeSThA kSamA ke samyaktvAnupUrvI uttamatva se hama akSINa raheM, yahI 'kSamA' divasa kA prazasta maMgalapATha hai| vinayAvanata prAkRtavidyA' parivAra 4270 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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AdibrahmA tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva __-DaoN0 sudIpa jaina sampUrNa bhAratIya-paramparA meM tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kA agraNI sthAna sarvasammatarUpa se svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| unhoMne jahA~ kRtayuga ke Arambha meM asi-masi-kRSi-vANijya-vidyA aura zilpa kI zikSA dekara mAnava kI sAMskRtika evaM sAmAjika pRSThabhUmi kA nirmANa kiyA thA, vahIM naitika evaM AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke lie unhoMne nirgrantha zramaNadIkSA lekara mokSamArga kA pravartana bhI kiyA thaa| isIlie samagra bhAratIya-paramparA meM unheM laukika evaM lokottara - donoM mArgoM kA 'AdibrahmA' svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| Adya zaMkarAcArya ne RSabhadeva ko OMkAra-svarUpa pratipAdita kiyA hai--"yazchandasAmaSabho vizvarUpa: chandebhyo'dhyamRtAt saMbabhUva / samendro medhayA spRNotu / amRtasya devadhAraNo zarIraM me vicarSaNAm / " - (taittirIyopaniSad, zAMkarabhASya, zikSAdhyAya 4/1) artha:-yaha OMkAra chandoM (vadoM yA vedabhASya chAndas) meM vRSabharUpa sarvazreSTha hai| yaha vizvarUpa bhI hai| (arthAt isa OMkArasvarUpI paramAtmA ko vedoM meM RSabha aura vizvarUpa kahA gayA hai|) vaha vedoM (rAma) ke amRta-aMza se utpanna huA hai| vaha indrasvarUpI (sarvazaktimAna OMkAra) mujhe medhA (buddhi) se balavAn kre| he deva ! maiM isa amRtatattva (AtmajJAna) kA dhAraka bnuuN| merA zarIra isake lie samartha (yogya) bne| RSabhadeva ke sAtha lagA deva' pada prAcIna-paramparA meM RSabhadeva kA hI sUcaka antyapada rahA hai, jaise Ajakala gA~dhI jI, paMDita jI yA neharu jI Adi padoM se rASTrapitA evaM prathama pradhAnamaMtrI jI Adi kI spaSTa pahicAna janamAnasa meM banI huI hai| isake lie pUrA nAma lene kI apekSA nahIM hotI hai| isI rUpa meM RSabhadeva ko OMkArasvarUpI 'kAtantra vyAkaraNa' ke kartA AcArya zarvavarma ne bhI sAdara smRta kiyA hai "OMkAraM biMdusaMyuktaM nityaM dhyAyanti yoginaH / kAmadaM mokSadaM devamoMkArAya namo namaH / / " -(DaoN0 jAnakIprasAda dvivedI, DI0 liT zodha prabandha) yahA~ kaI loga bhramavaza devam' pada kI jagaha caiva' pada kA prayoga karate haiM, jo ki bhrAmaka hai tathA mUlaviruddha hai| artha kI saMgati bhI isase nahIM baiThatI hai| 'zrImadbhAgavata' ke kartA ne RSabhadeva ke 'paramaguru' ke vizeSaNa se sAdara alaMkRta kiyA hai--"iti ha sma sakalaveda-loka-deva-brAhmaNa-gavAM paramagurorbhagavata RSabhAkhyasya vizuddhAcaritamIritaM puMsAM samastaduzcaritAbhiharaNaM prmmhaamNglaaytnm....|" -(bhAgavata, 5, 6/16) artha:--isaprakAra sampUrNa veda, loka, deva, brAhmaNa aura gAyoM ke 'paramaguru' bhagavAn prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 0071

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RSabhadeva kA vizuddha caritra kahA gayA; jo ki manuSyoM ke samasta duzcAritra ko dUra karanevAlA tathA utkRSTa mahAn sumaMgaloM kA sthAna (Ayatana) hai| ____ AdibrahmA tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kA janma isa yuga ke aMtima kulakara rAjA nAbhirAya kI sahadharmAiNI rAnI marudevI kI puNyakukSi se huA thA --yaha tathya sarvavidita evaM nirvivAda hai| isI bAta ko vaidika paramparA ke graMthoM meM bhI unakI bhASA-zailI meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| dekheM--"bhagavAn paramarSibhiH prasAdato nAbhe: priyacikIrSayA tadavaro dhAyane marudevyAM dharmAn darzayitukAmo vAtarazanAnAM zramaNAnAmRSINAmUrdhvamanthinAM zuklayA tnurvttaar|" -(bhAgavata, 5/3/20) artha:-parama zreSTha RSiyoM para prasanna huye bhagavAn ne prakaTa hokara kahA ki "maiM nAbhirAya kA priya karane kI icchA se unake anta:pura meM marudevI ke garbha se dharma kA darzana karAne ke lie vAtarazana, UrdhvacArI zramaNa RSiyoM ke nirmala zarIra ko dhAraNa kruuNgaa|" "nAbherasau vRSabha AptasudevasUnu ryo vai cacAra samadraka yogacaryAm / yatpArahasyamRSayaH. padamAmananti, svastha: prazAntakarA: parityaktasaMga: / / " - (vahI, 7/10) artha:-rAjA nAbhi kI patnI sudevI (marudevI) ke garbha se AptarUpa meM RSabhadeva ne janma liyaa| isa avatAra meM samasta AsaktiyoM se rahita hokara, indriyoM evaM mana ko zAMta karake, apane svarUpa meM sthita hokara samadarzI ke rUpa meM unhoMne yogacaryA kA AcaraNa kiyaa| isa sthiti ko maharSiyoM ne 'paramahaMsAvasthA' kahA hai| isameM prayukta 'zramaNa' evaM 'Apta' pada spaSTata: jainaparaMparA kI haiN| inake nAmakaraNa ke kAraNa kA vivecana bhI 'bhAgavata' meM spaSTarUpa se kiyA gayA hai-"tasya ha vA itthaM varSaNA varIyasA bRhacchlokena caujasA balenaM zriyA yazasA vIryazauryAbhyAM ca pitA RSabha iti cakAra / " - (vahI, 5/4/2) artha:-unake sundara aura suDaula zarIra ko, vipula kIrti, teja, bala, aizvarya, yaza:, parAkrama aura zaurya Adi viziSTa guNAvali ke anurUpa pitA ne unakA nAma RSabha' rkhaa| inake vaMza kI zreSThatA kA yazogAna vahA~ AyA hai "aho ! na vaMzo yazasAvadAta:, preyavrato yatra pumAn puraann:| kRtAvatAra: puruSa: sa Adya:, cacAra dharmaM yadakarmahetum / / " -(bhAgavata, 5/6/14) artha:-aho ! atyaMta priya vratavAle (nAbhirAya) yaha (ikSvAku) vaMza bar3A hI ujjvala evaM suyazapUrNa hai, jisameM kRtayuga ke Adya purANapuruSa vRSabhadeva ne janma lekara yogacaryA rUpa 1072 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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paramadharma kA AcaraNa kiyA / unakI AdhyAtmika jIvanazailI kA vivaraNa 'zrImadbhAgavata' meM prabhAvI rUpa meM prApta hotA hai--"bhagavAnRSabhasaMjJa AtmataMtra: svayaM nityanirvRttAnarthaparamparaH kevalAnandAnubhava Izvara eva viparItavat karmaNyArabhamANaH kAlenAnugataM dharmamAcaraNenopazikSayannatadvidAM sama upazAnto maitra: kAruNiko dharmArthayazaH prajAnandAmRtAvarodhena gRheSu lokaM niyamayat ( nyayamayat) / " - ( zrImadbhAgavata, paMcama skaMdha, 4 / 14 ) artha:- RSabhadeva nAmaka bhagavAn AtmAmaya the evaM anartha kI paramparAoM se svayaM nitya-nirvRtta the| ve kevalAnanda ( kSAyika sukha) kA anubhava karanevAle Izvara the| ve 'atadvid' logoM arthAt RSabhadeva ke dharma se anajAna logoM ke lie viparIvat (paraspara viruddha dharmoM kA eka meM hI prarUpaNa) kathana karake ( arthAt anekAntavAda kA prarUpaNa karake) samaya (zAstra-paraMparA yA pUrva tIrthaMkara - paraMparA ) se anugata dharma kA samyakcAritrapUrvaka upazikSaNa karate the| RSabhadeva samatAbhAvI, upazAMtacitta, prANImAtra se maitrIbhAva rakhanevAle (maeNttI me savvabhUdesu) evaM dayAvAn the| unhoMne dharma, artha, yaza evaM prajAoM ke AnandAmRtasvarUpa mokSa ke nirUpaNa dvArA gRhasthAzrama meM sthita logoM ko sanmArga meM niyamita kiyA thA / bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne uttamakSamAdi dazalakSaNamayI dharma kA upadeza diyA thA - aisA ullekha 'brahmAMDapurANa' meM spaSTarUpa se milatA hai -- "iha vi ikSvAkukulodbhavena nAbhisutena marudevyA nandanena mahAdevena RSabheNa dharmaH dazaprakAro svayamevAcIrNaH kevalajJAnalAbhAcca pravartitaH / " artha:- isa loka meM ikSvAkuvaMza meM utpanna, nAbhirAya ke putra evaM marudevI ke nandana devAdhideva bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne dazalakSaNamayI dharma kA svayaM AcaraNa kiyA aura kevalajJAna kI prApti hone para svayaM lokahita ke lie usakA pravartana ( upadeza ) bhI kiyA thA / isa dazalakSaNamayI dharma kA kathana jainasUtra-graMtha meM nimnAnusAra milatA hai -- "uttamakSamAmArdavArjava - zauca-satya- saMyama - tapastyAgAkiMcanya - brahmacaryANi dharmaH / " - (tattvArthasUtra) artha:-dharma kA svarUpa uttama kSamA, uttama mArdava, uttama Arjava, uttama zauca, uttama satya, uttama saMyama, uttama tapa, uttama tyAga, uttama AkiMcanya evaM uttama brahmacarya ina dazalakSaNamaya hai| - isaprakAra hama pAte haiM ki dharma kA svarUpa jaisA jaina - mAnyatA meM hai, vaisA hI anya matAvalambiyoM ne bhI tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ke dvArA prarUpita batAyA hai| yahI nahIM, jaina mAnyatA ke viziSTa pAribhASika zabdoM kA vizeSaNoM ke rUpa meM prayoga karake unhoMne RSabhadeva jainoM ke Adi tIrthaMkara the -- yaha siddha kiyA hai / isIlie jaina paraMparA meM inheM 'AdinAtha' bhI kahA jAtA hai| prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara 199 00 73

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hamArI badrInAtha-yAtrA -DaoN premacandra rAMvakA bhArata rASTra ke AdhyAtmika evaM sAMskRtika vikAsa meM jainadharma ke tIrthaMkaroM, AcAryoM evaM santa manISiyoM kA mahAn yogadAna rahA hai| uttara se dakSiNa ora pUrva se pazcima samagra bhArata ko jainoM ne apanA rASTra maanaa| dharma kA pracAra karanevAle tIrthaMkaroM ke janma, tapa evaM nirvANa-sthala alaga-alaga rhe| aise sabhI nirvANa-sthaloM kI vandanA vizeSata: kI gaI hai: sammedagira giranAra campA, pAvApurI kailAsa ko| pUjoM sadA caubIsa jina, nirvANabhUmi nivAsa ko|| Adya tIrthaMkara bhagavAn RSabhadeva kA janma ayodhyA nagara meM huA; jabaki unakI tapobhUmi evaM nirvANa-sthala kailAza parvata rhaa| bhagavAn ariSTanemi kA janma mathurA meM huA, para unakA sAdhanAsthala giranAra parvata rhaa| tIrthaMkara supArzva va pArzvanAtha kA janma-sthala vArANasI rahA; para nirvANa-sthala bihAra kA sammeda zikhara bnaa| antima zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ne apane ziSya candragupta va anya muniyoM ke sAtha dakSiNa-bhArata karnATaka meM jainadharma kA pracAra kiyaa| unhoMne zravaNabelagolA ko apanI sAdhanA-sthalI bnaayaa| kAlAntara meM isI sthala para apane guru AcArya nemicandra ke nirdezana meM senApati cAmuNDarAya ne prathama mokSagAmI bAhubali kI vizvavikhyAta 57 phuTa uttuMga adbhuta manojJa mUrti kA nirmANa kraayaa| isaprakAra pUrva meM sammedazikhara, pazcima meM giranAra, uttara meM aSTApada kailAza aura dakSiNa meM zravaNabelagolA jaise tIrthakSetroM ke rUpa meM jainadharma evaM samAja ne samudrI sImAoM se lekara himAlaya-paryanta samasta rASTra ko bhAvanAtmaka ekatA ke sUtra meM piroye rakhA hai| ___ caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM meM se teIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke nirvANa sthaloM kI yAtrA-vandanA kA pAvana avasara to hameM milatA rahA; parantu sudIrghakAla taka prAkRtika parivartanoM, himAlaya parvata para jAne kI duHsAdhya evaM sAdhanoM ke abhAva ke kAraNa prathama tIrthaMkara AdinAtha ke nirvANasthala 'aSTApada kailAza parvata' kI vandanArtha yAtrA sambhava nahIM ho skii| kevala pUjA-bhakti meM arghya car3hAkara hI santoSa karake parokSa vandanA kara bhakti-bhAvanA vyakta kI jAtI rahI hai| caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI nirvANa-bhUmiyoM ke prati hamArI zraddhA sarvavidita hai| inameM bhI prathama tIrthaMkara AdinAtha kI nirvANa-sthalI hone ke kAraNa 'aSTApada' to sarvAdhika pUjya puNyabhUmi hai| ____ yaha 'aSTApada kailAza parvata' saikar3oM varSoM se vaiSNava tIrtha 'badrInAtha dhAma' ke rUpa meM prasiddha rahA hai| bhagavAna badrInAtha kI mUrti kA citra jaba dRSTipatha meM AyA, to ise 0074 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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padmAsanastha rUpa meM dekha jaina sAmAjikoM ke mana meM darzanArtha jijJAsA jgii| prAta: vandya munizrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ne bhI isa ora dRSTipAta kiyaa| san 1970 meM anveSI manirAjazrI vidyAnanda jI ke caraNa usa dizA meM bar3ha cle| ve haridvAra meM gaMgA nadI ke kinAre 'hara kI paur3I' para prasiddha 'kalyANa' AdhyAtmika mAsika patra ke vidvAn manISI sampAdaka paM0 zrI hanumAna prasAda jI poddAra evaM RSikeza meM RSi-muniyoM se AdhyAtmika carcA karate huye, madhyavartI grAmAMcaloM meM dharma-gaMgA pravAhita karate huye zrInagara-gar3havAla phuNce| vahA~ ve alakanandA nadI ke taTa para suramya parvatoM ke madhya avasthita Adya tIrthaMkara bhagavAn RSabhadeva kI samavazaraNasthalI zrI digambara jaina mandira, zrInagara-gar3havAla meM tthhre| zrInagara-gar3havAla se munirAjazrI Age bddh'e| bhaktagaNa unake sAtha himAnI havAoM meM bhI adhyAtma kA Ananda lene lge| mArga meM sabhI grAmavAsiyoM, darzakoM ko santa-samAgama kA sadlAbha dete huye himAcchAdita parvata zrRMkhalAoM ke madhyavartI 'badrInAtha dhAma' jA phuNce| mArga meM munizrI ne apanI adbhuta vidvattA evaM udAtta vicAroM se sabhI ko prabhAvita kiyaa| vaiSNava bhaktagaNa bhI unake sAtha calate rhe| uttarAkhaNDa kI isa pAvana himazItala dharAdhAma para varSoM se kisI digambara muni kA maMgala-vihAra nahIM huA thaa| munizrI vidyAnanda jI aise prathama manirAja rahe; jinake vahA~ caraNa dharate hI sAmAjikoM ke hRdaya meM navIna sphUrti, adhyAtma-preraNA, zraddhA va AsthA ke sadbhAva jagane lge| ___ munirAja zrI vidyAnanda jI ko apanI isa dIrgha maMgala-padayAtrA kI saphalatA kI anubhUti taba huI, jaba unheM dUsare dina prAta: brahmamuhUrta meM bhagavAn badrInAtha ke abhiSeka-samAroha meM digambara padmAsanAvasthA meM bhagavAn AdinAtha kI pratimA ke rUpa meM darzana huye| darzana karate hI unheM yaha spaSTa pratibhAsita ho gayA ki yaha pratimA prathama tIrthaMkara AdinAtha kI hI hai, aura yahI kSetra aSTApada kailAzaparvata hai; jahA~ unheM nirvANa prApta huaa| ina munirAja zrI vidyAnanda jI ne eka bAra puna: aneka varSoM bAda jainadharma kI dhvajA ko dakSiNa se uttara bhArata meM himAlaya parvata taka le jAne aura phaharAne kA vandanIya kArya sampanna kiyaa| ve svayaM to vandanIya haiM hI ___ "dhanyA: suvijJA: AtmasiddhA: muniishvraa:| nAsti yeSAM yaza:kAye jarA-maraNajaM bhayaM / / " "saddarzana-bodha-caraNa-patha para, avirala jo bar3hate haiM munignn| una deva-parama-Agama-guru ko zata-zata vandana! zata zata vandana / / " prakRti ke suSamAmaya zAnta-ekAnta vAtAvaraNa meM AtmA-sAdhanA kA apanA apratima Ananda hotA hai| isIliye RSi-muni Atma-sAdhanA ke liye ekAnta zAnta vanasthalI kA cayana karate haiN| una tapasvI muniyoM ke sAnnidhya meM paraspara virodhI svabhAvI prANI bhI prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 0075

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apanA janmajAta-bairabhAva bhUlAkara vana-pradeza meM nirbhaya vicaraNa karate haiN| aura aisA vana 'tapovana' kI saMjJA pAkara prANImAtra ko trANa pradAna karatA hai| ekAntavAsI vItarAgI muniyoM ko jo sukha milatA hai, vaha devarAja aura cakravartiyoM ko bhI durlabha hai "na sukhaM devarAjasya na sukhaM cakravartinaH / yatsukhaM vItarAgasya munerekaantvaasinH||" isa sudUra ati uttuMga himAlayakSetra meM AcArya munizrI vidyAnanda jI kA san 1970 meM 170 divasoM kA jaMgala meM maMgalakArI tapopravAsa na kevala jainasamAja, apitu mAnava-mAtra ke liye AtmakalyANakArI ho gyaa| tabhI se jainasamAja meM 'badrInAtha-AdinAtha yAtrA' carcA kA viSaya bnii| AcArya munirAja zrI kI sapreraNA se hI vahA~ pRthak se 'AdinAtha-AdhyAtmika ahiMsA phAuNDezana bhavana' bana gayA hai; jisameM RSabhadeva ke prAcInatama caraNa sthApita haiN| isake pRSThabhAga meM 100 vyaktiyoM ke liye pravAsa-bhavana hai, jo suvidhAoM se yukta haiN| yahA~ se badrInAtha kA mandira lagabhaga AdhA kilomITara mAtra hai| grISmAvakAza hone para 8 maI '98 ko bIkAnera se jayapura apane nivAsa sthAna (zrI jInagara-durgApurA) Ane para merI sahadharmacAriNI zrImatI snehalatA ne batAyA ki bundelakhaNDa yAtrA-saMgha, jayapura ne dinAMka 23 maI '98 ko badrInAtha kI yAtrA jAne kA nirNaya liyA hai| hameM bhI calA cAhiye, maiMne isa bhayaMkara garmI meM yAtrA karane meM aruci dikhaayii| zAsana bhI grISmAvakAza ArAma ke liye jo detA hai| patnI ne mujhe vizvAsa meM lete huya kahA ki yaha yAtrA bar3I aitihAsika mahattvapUrNa dhArmika mUlyavAlI hai| saMgha binA aisI bar3I yAtrA nahIM ho pAtI hai| phira isa samaya chuTTiyA~ bhI haiM, ata: inkAra mata karo aura yAtrA-saMgha ke saMyojaka zrI nemIcanda jI kAlA aura zrI prakAzacanda jI terApaMthI se milakara ArakSaNa karA lo| sahadharmacAriNI ke dharmayAtrA ke isa Agraha ko maiM TAla nahIM skaa| dinAMka 17.5.98 ko durgApurA ke digambara jaina mandira meM Ayojita buMdelakhaNDa yAtrA-saMgha ke pUjA-goSThI ke kAryakrama meM ukta yAtrA meM jAne kA nizcaya huaa| ___inhIM dinoM samAcAra-patroM meM do-tIna bAra badrInAtha-kedAranAtha kI durgama parvatIya yAtrA-mArga meM tIrthayAtriyoM kI basa durghaTanA ke samAcAra prakAzita huye; jisameM basa ke nIce girane evaM kaIyoM ke hatAhata ke samAcAra the| ina samAcAroM ne mere mana ko bhayabhIta kara diyaa| isa yAtrA ke viSaya meM saMkalpa-vikalpa-AzaMkAyeM uThane lgiiN| yAtrA sthagita karane taka ke vikalpa mana meM Ane lge| phira saMyojakoM se yaha jAnakara ki durghaTanA vAle mArga kI yAtrA radda kara dI hai, hameM to sIdhe kevala badrInAtha hI jAnA hai', maiM vizvasta huaa| bhagavAn badrInAtha-AdinAtha ko praNAma kiyaa| tIrthakSetroM kI parokSa-vandanA kA bhI pratyakSa-vandanA-sadRza AdhyAtmika mahattva hotA 1076 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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hai| isase tana-mana kI nirmalatA milatI hai| jaba se AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ne 'badrInAtha' kI mUrti ko 'AdinAtha' kI pratimA ghoSita kiyA; taba se hI maiM apane prAta:kAlIna 'vandanAkrama' meM 'aSTApada AdIzvara svAmI' ke rUpa meM parokSa-vandanA kA bhAva rakhatA AyA huuN| saMbhava hai, merI parokSa-bhAvanA se patnI ko 'badrInAtha' yAtrA ke liye prerita kiyA ho? 'zrI badrInAtha yAtrA' kI taiyArI kI jAne lgii| garmI, sardI va varSA -tInoM RtuoM ke liye vastra-vyavasthA kii| nAzte-bhojana kI vyavasthA to sAmUhika hI thii| dinAMka 23 maI '98 ko zanivAra kI rAtri meM 11.00 baje zrI pArzvanAtha svAmI ke mandira meM AratI-vandanA karake hama logoM ne 20-20 sIToM vAlI do minI basoM meM rAjasthAna vidhAnasabhA-bhavana se 10.30 para prasthAna kiyaa| dUsare dina dinAMka 24 ko dillI hote huye prAta: 9.00 baje modInagara sthita zrI zAntinAtha digambara jaina maMdira ke pRSThabhAgIya vizrAmasthala meM nivRtta hokara mandira jI meM bha0 zAntinAtha kI vizAla pratimA kI pUjA-vandanA kii| yahA~ se 11.00 baje haridvAra kI ora cale. jahA~ 3.00 baje phuNce| haridvAra meM basa sTaiNDa ke pAsa zahara meM zrI AdinAtha digambara jaina mandira hai| parantu mahAkuMbha ke mele ke antima caraNa evaM agale dina somavatI amAvasyA kI bhIr3a ke kAraNa hameM zahara ke bAI-pAsa RSikeza mArga para zrI pArzvanAtha zvetAmbara jinAlaya ke vizrAma-sthala meM ThaharanA pdd'aa| sAyaMbhojanAdi se nivRtta hokara bhramaNa karate huye gaMgA nadI ke vizAla pravAha ko 'hara kI paur3I' se dekhaa| rAtri-vizrAma ukta sthala meM hI kiyaa| dUsare dina dinAMka 25 ko prAta: 8.00 baje alpAhAra kara RSikeza' kI ora cle| basoM kI caikiMga ke kAraNa bIca-bIca meM rukanA pdd'aa| madhyAhna meM RSikeza' meM gaMgAdarzana, lakSmaNajhUlA, mandira Adi dekheN| haridvAra kI taraha yahA~ bhI bhIr3a thI, lakSmaNajhUlA ko hI ikataraphA pAra karane meM Adhe ghaNTe se adhika laga gyaa| RSikeza se lagabhaga 1.00 baje Age kI ora cle| yahIM se car3hAI prArambha ho jAtI hai| parvata-mAlAoM meM calate huye 'vyAsI' kasbe meM praveza kara vana-vibhAga ke upavana meM bhojana liyaa| vyAsI se devaprayAga hote huye parvatIya sarpAkAra car3hAI para prAkRtika suSamA kA avalokana karate huye rAtri 9.00 baje zrInagara-gar3havAla phuNce| ___ zrInagara-gar3havAla meM alakanandA nadI ke kinAre zrI RSabhadeva digambara jaina mandira hai, jahA~ AdinAtha bhagavAn kA samavazaraNa AyA thaa| hamane rAtri vizrAma isI mandira ke pRSThabhAga meM bane bhavana meM kiyaa| dUsare dina dinAMka 26.5.98 ko prAta: bhagavAn AdinAtha kI pratimA (saM01538) evaM inake prAcIna caraNoM kI pUjArcanA kii| yahA~ do anya 4"-5" kI choTI pArzvanAtha kI pratimAyeM kRSNa-nIla varNI haiN| mandira 150 varSa prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 0077

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prAcIna hai| AcArya zrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ne san 1970 meM yahIM cAturmAsa kiyA thaa| yahA~ parvata-mAlAoM ke madhya alakanandA nadI kA zAnta pravAha hamAre tana-mana ko Aja bhI zItalatA pradAna kara rahA hai| basa meM kharAbI hone se yahA~ hameM eka dina aura rukanA pdd'aa| dinAMka 27.5 ko prAta: 7.00 baje bhagavAn AdinAtha kI vandanA karake hamane badrInAtha kI ora prayANa kiyaa| sarpAkAra parvatIya car3hAiyA~, nIce kala-kala-ninAdinI nadI kA pravAha aura nIce se Upara taka uttuMga vividha vizAla ghane vRkSoM ke prAkRtika manorama dRzyoM se nayanAnandAnubhUti karate huye hama Upara se Upara car3hane lge| mArga meM Ane vAle kasboM - rudraprayAga, karNaprayAga, nandaprayAga hote huye camolI jile meM pIpalakoThI phuNce| parvatIya sAnnidhya meM bhojana kiyaa| jozImaTha hama madhyAhna 1.00 baje phuNce| jozImaTha se badrInAtha 38 ki0mI0 hai| yahA~ se badrInAtha taka ikataraphA mArga hai| kyoMki jitanI gaharI khAiyA~ haiM, utane hI U~ce-U~ce prvt| hara samaya satarka rahanA par3atA hai| jozImaTha meM Age jAne ke liye hameM 2 baje pravezAnumati milii| Age govindaghATa phuNce| jozImaTha se badrInAtha ke saphara meM prakRti ke anupama sauMdarya ko jIbhara dekhane ko milatA hai| bIca rAste meM pANDukesara mandira milatA hai; jahA~ vAhanoM ko rokA jAtA hai| yahA~ jaba taka donoM tarapha ke vAhana ekatrita nahIM ho jAte; taba taka yAtAyAta Age nahIM bddh'taa| jaise-jaise car3hate gaye, mArga meM zItala barphIle jharane, nadI meM barphIle jala kA vegamaya pravAha, kahIM vRkSAcchAdita parvata, to kahIM himAcchAdita parvata dikhane lge| mausama meM namI A gii| nIce barphIlI nadiyA~, to Upara barphIle pahAr3a / jIvana meM prathama bAra vaha manorama . dRzya dekhane ko milaa| parvatIya mArga ke pratyeka khataranAka mor3a ko DrAivara ne bar3I sAvadhAnI se pAra kiyaa| eka pala kA pramAda bar3e hAdase meM badala jAtA hai| mana hI mana saba 'NamokAra maMtra' japate rhte|.....ant meM vaha zubha ghar3I A gaI; jaba rASTra ke uttuMga praharI ne apane himAcchAdita rUpa meM apane darzanoM se hameM AplAvita kiyaa| hama saba Atmavibhora ho utthe| ThIka sAyaM 5.00 baje bhagavAn AdinAtha (badrInAtha) ke mokSadhAmasthala para phuNce| base se utare, thor3I sardI mahasUsa huii| basa sTaiNDa ke pAsa hI aneka vizrAmasthala bane huye haiN| hama digambara jaina vizrAmagRha kI ora cale, jo basa sTaiNDa se thor3A nIce utarakara hai| Age ke bhavana meM mandira hai, jisa para 'aSTApada kailAzadeva bhagavAn AdinAtha nirvANa-sthalI' likhA hai| isake pIche atithigRha hai; jisake nicalebhAga meM 6 kamare aura Upara kI maMjila meM do bar3e hAla nirmita hai; jinameM 50 vyakti eka sAtha raha sakate haiN| sabhI suvidhAyeM haiM, pUrva meM patra-vyavahAra hone se hama 40 vyaktiyoM ke liye takhta, baiDa, gadde, rajAI-sameta upalabdha the| hamane yahIM vizrAma liyaa| 1078 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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yahA~ digambara jaina mandira meM bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke prAcInatama caraNa sthApita haiN| mandira meM sevArtha mahArASTra kA eka jaina yuvaka maI se agasta taka cAra mAha rahatA hai| mandira ke pIche vizrAmagRha ke pAsa eka bar3e hAla kA bhI nirmANa ho gayA hai| jisameM jUna '98 ke antima saptAha meM paMcakalyANaka hokara jinapratimAyeM virAjamAna kI jaaveNgii| __ cAroM ora himAcchAdita parvata zrRMkhalAoM ke madhya kala-kala-ninAdinI alakanandA ke vega se yukta badarInAtha ko prAkRtika suSamA ne hamAre tana-mana ko zAnti-sudhA se paritRpta kara diyaa| badarI vRkSoM kI bahulatA ke kAraNa yaha sthAna 'badarInAtha' kahalAtA hai| vaise zrInagara-gar3havAla se badarInAtha taka kA kSetra 'devabhUmi' ke rUpa meM prasiddha hai| badarInAtha meM hI alakanandA kA udgama huA hai| yaha Age jAkara mandAkinI aura gaMgA se milatI hai aura sampUrNa bhArata meM sukha-zAnti aura ekatA kA sandeza lekara pravAhita hotI hai| sAyaMkAlIna bhojana kara hama loga bhramaNa ke liye nikle| badarInAtha mandira-mArga kI ora calane lge| parantu vidyuta ke caMcala svabhAva ne hameM Age bar3hane se roka diyaa| vivaza ho ajJAtamArga hone se vizrAmagRha ko lauTa cle| phira bhI hamAre do sahayAtrI zrI bAlacanda dIvAna evaM zrI vimala kumAra saugANI aMdhakAra ko bhI parAsta kara mArga kI jAnakArI pAkara bha0 badarInAtha ke usa mukhya mandira meM jA paha~ce aura bhagavAna ke saMdhyAvasthA ke darzana kara hI aaye| jo vizrAmasthala se 1% ki0mI0 dUra hai| vizAla nadI para bane lohe ke pula ke mArga se mandira taka pahu~canA hotA hai| mandira bhavana U~cAI para hai, jo bahuta dUra se dikhAI detA hai| nIce alakanandA nadI apane vegamaya pravAha se mAnoM bhagavAn AdinAtha (badarInAtha) ke caraNa sparza karane ke liye mandira taka pahu~cane ko udyata ho rahI hai| hama loga dinAMka 28/5/98 ko tar3ake uThakara 5 baje pUrva hI badarInAtha mandira pahu~ca gye| darzanArthiyoM kI paMkti meM laga gye| ThIka 5 baje mandira ke kapATa khule| sabhI ne ucca svara se AdinAtha-badrInAtha kA jayaghoSa kiyA 5 se 6 baje taka pratimA ke abhiSeka kA kArya sampanna hotA hai| mandira bhavana ke ThIka madhya meM zikharayukta pratimA-mandira hai, jisake garbhagRha meM uccAsana para pratimA virAjamAna hai| pratimA-mandira ke cAroM ora barAmadoM meM ziva, brahmA, viSNu, vyAsa va anya RSiyoM ke citra evaM mUrtiyA~ zobhAyamAna haiN| ___ eka gauravarNa saumya yuvaka garbhagRha meM hAthoM meM jala-kalaza liye anya dvAra se praviSTa huaa| mandira ke anya vyaktiyoM ne isake caraNa sparza kiye| yaha brAhmaNa yuvaka bAlabrahmacArI batAyA gyaa| bAla-brahmacArI hI abhiSeka kara sakatA hai| yaha yuvaka abhiSeka pAtra ke sAtha pratimA ke sannikaTa pahu~ca tIna bAra zironata huaa| pratimA para ke AvaraNa httaaye| puna: pratimA ko tIna bAra praNAmAMjali kii| pratimA ke pUrNa digambara prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 0079

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rUpa meM bhavya divyadarzana huye| ucca svaroM meM jayaninAda huaa| samazItoSNa jala se abhiSeka ke sAtha veda maMtroccAra va ghaNTe ghar3ayAla gUMja utthe| AdhA ghaNTe taka abhiSeka hotA rhaa| paune cha: baje tulasI kI mAlA pahanAyI gyii| use utArakara ThIka cha: baje pratimA jI ko vastra-zRMgAra se alaMkRta kiyaa| hamane puna: jayaghoSa kiyaa| abhiSeka darzana kara bha0 AdinAtha kI jaya bola kRtakRtya huye| ____ "darzanaM devadevasya, darzanaM pApanAzanam / darzanaM svargasopAnaM darzanaM mokSasAdhanam / / " veda-maMtroccAra hotA rhaa| paNDitagaNa hamAre AdinAtha ke jayaghoSa se praphullita ho rahe the| dhArmika sahiSNutA kA yaha jIvantasvarUpa AnandadAyI rhaa| ___ kahA jAtA hai ki bha0 badrInAtha ke rUpa meM yaha AdinAtha bhagavAn kI 19 phuTa nIlavarNI pratimA saikar3oM varSa pUrva alakanandA nadI ke pravAha meM thii| isane mandira ke adhiSThAtA ko svapna meM darzana diye| tadanusAra usane mUrti ko mandira meM virAjamAna kiyaa| AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ne isa mUrti ko caturthakAlIna batAyA hai| AcAryazrI ke ke anusAra himAlaya ko gaurIzaMkara, kailAza, badrI-vizAla, naMdA, droNagiri, nArAyaNa, nara aura trizUlI ina ATha parvatazreNiyoM ke kAraNa 'aSTApada' bhI kahate haiN| ise hI nirvANa kANDa meM "aSTApada AdIzvara svAmI" kahA gayA hai| isI himAlaya kI parvata-zRMkhalAoM meM sthita kailAzaparvata se RSabhadeva va asaMkhyAta muni mokSa gaye haiN| 'prabhAsa purANa' meM ullekha milatA hai ___"kailAse vipule ramye vRSabho'yaM jineshvrH| cakAra svAvatAraM ca sarvajJa: sarvaga: ziva: / / " artha:-vizAla ramaNIya kailAzaparvata para sarvajJa, sarvavyApI, zivarUpa bhagavAn RSabha jinezvara ne avatAra liyaa| isI aSTApada kailAzaparvata para bharata cakravartI, jinake nAma se isa deza kA nAma bhArata par3A hai, ne 24 tIrthaMkaroM ke mandiroM kA nirmANa karAyA thaa| yahI bhUmi bharata-bAhubalI kI sAdhanA-sthalI rhii| isI bhUmi para bha0 pArzvanAtha kA samavazaraNa AyA thaa| 'zrImadbhAgavata' ke anusAra pitA nAbhirAya aura mAtA marudevI ne yahIM RSabhadeva kA rAjyAbhiSeka kara badrikAzrama meM ghora tapa kiyA thA ora yahIM unakI samAdhi bhI huii| yahA~ se 4 ki0mI0 dUrI para mAnasarovara-kailAza ke mArga meM bhAratIya sImA kA antima gA~va 'mANA' hai| yahA~ maru mAtA kA mandira hai aura eka sAdhanA-sthala ke rUpa meM nIlakaNTha parvata para nAbhirAya ke caraNa-cihna aMkita haiN| sarasvatI nadI kA udgama ukta mAnA grAma' se hI hai, jo Age alakanandA se milatI hai| yAtrA kA samApana mAtA mandira ke darzana se hotA hai| __badrInAtha samudra tala se 3100 mITara kI U~cAI para sthita hai| bhArata kI rAjadhAnI 00 80 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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dillI se 511 ki0mI0 hai| rAjasthAna kI rAjadhAnI jayapura se 818 ki0 hai| barpha se DhaMkI nIlakaNTha kI caukI bhagavAn RSabhadeva kI tapasthalI rahI hai| badrInAtha kA mandira gar3havAlI sthApatya-kalA kA viziSTa namUnA hai| prAcInakAla meM yaha sthAna bera (badira) ke saghana vRkSoM se AcchAdita hone se 'badarInAtha' ke nAma se prasiddha huaa| mandira ke nIce tIna prAkRtika uSNa jala srota-taptakuNDa, sUryakuNDa aura nAradakuNDa haiN| eka kuNDa meM gandhaka uSNa jala hai; jisake snAna se kAyika carmaroga dUra hote haiN| mandira meM jAne se pUrva taptakuNDa meM snAna kI paramparA hai| pratidina abhiSeka-darzana ke mAdhyama se digambararUpa meM darzana dene vAlI badrInAtha pratimA alakanandA nadI meM garur3akuNDa se svapna dekara nikalI hai| kahA jAtA hai ki yahA~ Aja bhI aneka jaina pratimAyeM milatI haiN| yaha kSetra jaina-saMskRti ke prAcIna vaibhava ko prakaTa karatA hai| di0 28/5/98 ko madhyAhna meM hama 4 ki0mI0 dUra 'mANA grAma' gye| vahA~ sarasvatI nadI ke udgama sthala para vizAla, ghora garjanA dhvaniyukta adbhuta prapAta ko dekhaa| vyAsaguphA va gaNezaguphA bhI dekhii| usa samaya AkAza meM ghanaghaTAyeM chA giiN| vizrAmasthala lauTate-lauTate varSA prArambha ho gii| jo do ghaNTe taka calatI rhii| rAtri ko acchI ThaNDa rhii| dUsare dina punaH prAta: 5 baje badarInAtha mandira pahu~ca kara pahale taptakuNDa meM snAna kiyA, phira bha0 AdinAtha (badarInAtha) kI mUrti ke abhiSeka dekhe| parikramA meM 'AdinAtha stotra' kA pATha karane para do bAra garbhagRha ke dvAra khula gaye / bhagavAn AdinAtha ke smaraNa kA aisA hI prabhAva hai| 'manusmRti' meM likhA hai "aSTapaSTiSu tIrtheSu yAtrAyA: yatphalaM bhavet / zrI AdinAthadevasya smaraNenApi tad bhavet / / " artha: ar3asaTha tIrthoM kI yAtrA kA jo phala hotA hai; vaha phala zrI AdinAtha svAmI ke smaraNamAtra se mila jAtA hai| di0 28/5/98 ko badrInAtha devabhUmi-prAMgaNa se prAta: 9 baje vApisa lautte| rAtri 9.00 baje zrInagara-gar3havAla di0 jaina mandira phuNce| madhyAhna bhojana jozImaTha meM kiyaa| di0 30/5/98 ko bha0 RSabhadeva ke isa mandira meM abhiSeka kiye| 'zrutapaMcamI' ke upalakSya meM sarasvatI-pUjA kii| madhyAhna meM yahA~ se prasthAna kiyaa| TiharI bA~dha hote huye saghana vRkSAcchAdita ati-uttuMga parvata-mAlAoM se yukta prAkRtika suSamA ke vaibhava ko nihArate huye hama rAtri 9 baje masUrI phuNce| yahA~ para hama jaina dharmazAlA meM tthhre| di0 31/5 ko masUrI ke digambara jaina mandira meM pUjA-arcanA kii| masUrI-deharAdUna se 40 ki0mI0 dUrI para sthita deza kA vyastata paryaTaka-nagara hai| yahA~ se pahAr3iyoM ke sundara dRzya dikhate haiN| ina dinoM yahA~ kA mausama samazItoSNa rahatA hai| di0 1 jUna '98 ko di0 jaina mandira masUrI ke darzana karake prAta: 7.30 baje yahA~ prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 0081

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se sahasradhArA pahuMce aura zItala jala se snAna kiyaa| madhyAhna deharAdUna digambara jaina mandira meM darzanakara bhojana kiyaa| sAyaM modInagara meM puna: bha0 zrI zAntinAtha kI vizAla pratimA ke darzana kiye| yahA~ se rAtri meM dillI kI ora prasthAna kara dUsare dina di0 2/6/98 ko prAta: 8.00 baje jayapura phuNce| ____ zraddhAlu aura dharmapremI bhAratIya janatA ne saikar3oM varSoM pUrva se uttarAkhaNDa kI yAtrA kI hai| usa samaya mahInoM bIhar3a jaMgaloM meM calanA par3atA thaa| Aja acchI sar3akeM, yAtAyAta, AvAsa, peyajala Adi kI vyavasthA hai| ve tIrtha hamArI AdhyAtmika preraNA ke kendra tathA prAkRtika saundarya ke AgAra haiN| ina tIrthadhAmoM ke caroM ora U~ce-U~ce himAnI zikhara, manorama ghATiyA~, chala-chalAtI nadiyA~, parvatoM se giranevAle jharanoM kA madhura saMgIta, pakSiyoM ke divyagAna, USNa jalakuNDa, manohara tAlAba Adi prakRti ke aneka cAmatkArika rUpa yahA~ dekhane ko milate haiN| badrInAtha kI isa durgama parvatIya yAtrA ko sugama banAne meM bundelakhaNDa yAtrA-saMgha jayapura ke zrI prakAza canda jI terApaMthI evaM zrI nemicanda jI kAlA kI saphala bhUmikA rahI hai| yAtrA-mArga AvAsAdi kA kaSTa apane gantavya para pahu~ca mantavya ko pAkara sukha meM parivartita ho jAtA hai| aura puna: navIna yAtrA kI preraNA detA hai - "kleza: phalena hi punarnavatAM vidhtte|" bhAratIya saMskRti meM tIrthayAtrA kA aisA hI AdhyAtmika Ananda hotA hai| prakRti ke zAnta-ekAnta-saumya vAtAvaraNa meM Atma-sAdhanA kA apratima sukha hotA hai| saMkalpa zakti ke dhanI bAlaka surendra upAdhye (AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI kA gRhasthAvasthA kA nAma) ne vairAgya kI prabalatA hone para AcAryazrI mahAvIrakIrti jI ke saMgha meM jAkara unase tyAgamArga para Ane ke lie anumati evaM dIkSA mA~gI, to AcAryazrI mahAvIrakIrti jI ne kahA ki "pahile pratimAyeM lo| tathA pratimA bhI tabhI mileMgI, jaba pratidina zAstra kI eka gAthA yA zloka yAda karake sunaaoge| pratidina naI gAthA, nayA zloka yAda karake sunAye binA AhAra ke lie nahIM uTha skoge|" yaha AjJA savinaya zirodhArya kara bAlaka surendra ne pratimAyeM aMgIkAra kI tathA Age kSullaka dIkSA dete samaya bhI AcAryazrI mahAvIrakIrti jI ne yahI niyama rkhaa| kSullaka pArzvakIrti banane para bhI Apane yaha niyama alaMghya banAye rakhA tathA pratidina eka na eka navIna gAthA yA zloka yAda kara lene ke bAda hI Apane AhAra liyaa| 0082 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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jinadharma-prabhAvaka AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI -DaoN0 ramezacanda jaina varSa 1969 meM bijanaura meM yaha carcA sunAyI dI ki pUjya munizrI 108 vidyAnanda jI badrInAtha kI ora jAnA cAhate haiN| una dinoM munizrI vidyAnanda jI kI kIrti sAre bhArata meM phaila cukI thii| bijanaura ke jaina samAja ke adhyakSa suprasiddha samAjasevI bAbU ratanalAla jI ne pUre jile ke gaNamAnya vyaktiyoM kI sabhA bulAI aura sabhA meM upasthita mahAnubhAvoM ne sarvasammati se nirNaya kiyA ki munirAjazrI ko bijanaura Amantrita karane hetu pUre jile ke pramukha loga sahAranapura jAyeM aura unase bijanaura padhArane hetu prArthanA kreN| yojanAnusAra sabhI ne bijanaura se sahAranapura kI ora prasthAna kiyA; kyoMki munirAjazrI kA cAturmAsa usa varSa sahAranapura meM huA thaa| sabhI ne pUjya munirAjazrI ke caraNoM meM vinaya aura bhaktipUrvaka praNAma kiyA aura prArthanA kI ki ApakA vihAra cU~ki badrInAtha kI ora hone jA rahA hai, ata: Apa bijanaura tathA najIbAbAda ke rAste se hI himAlaya kI ora prasthAna kreN|" pUjya munirAjazrI ne sabhI ko AzIrvAda diyA aura AzvAsana diyA ki "bijanaura tathA najIbAbAda ke rAste se Ae, to kama se kama 3-3 dina kA samaya donoM sthAnoM ko avazya deNge|" puNyayoga se munizrI kA maMgalavihAra bijanaura ke rAste se hI huaa| bijanaura kI jaina-ajaina janatA ne munizrI ke svAgata meM palaka-pA~var3e bichA die| bijanaura ke pravAsI zreSThI lAlA rAjendra kumAra jaina tathA unake bhAI jagat prakAza jaina saparivAra dillI se bijanaura Ae tathA kaI dinoM taka tthhre| bijanaura meM mahArAja zrI ne apanI caryA aura pravacanoM kI amiTa chApa chodd'ii| una dinoM jo unakI dharmasabhAoM meM upasthita the, ve ajaina bhAI taka vizeSarUpa se Aja bhI munizrI ko zraddhApUrvaka yAda karate haiN| - najIbAbAda meM AdaraNIya sAhU zAnti prasAda jI saparivAra Ae hue the tathA pratidina pUjya munirAjazrI kI dharmasabhA meM apanI dharmapatnI sau0 ramA jaina ke sAtha upasthita hote the| munirAjazrI mUrtidevI sarasvatI iNTara kaoNleja ke parisara meM Thahare hue the| najIbAbAda ke bAda haridvAra ke rAste ve badrInAtha kI yAtrA ko prasthAna kara ge| saba jagaha unhoMne jainadharma kI apUrva dharmaprabhAvanA kii| usa varSa unakA cAturmAsa zrInagara (gar3havAla) meM huaa| samAcAra-patroM meM nirantara unake samAcAra prakAzita hote rhe| unakI badrInAtha yAtrA kA sAMgopAMga varNana karane vAlI eka pustaka bhI prakAzita huI, jo himAlaya meM digambara muni' zIrSaka se bahucarcita huii| varSa 1974 meM dezavyApI stara para bhagavAn mahAvIra kA 2500vA~ nirvANotsava manAyA gayA, jise manAne meM pUjya munirAjazrI ke mArgadarzana kA lAbha sAre samAja ko milaa| sthAna-sthAna para kendrIya aura prAntIya dharmacakroM kA pravartana huaa| kendrIya dharmacakra pravartana prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '99 083

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kA udghATana deza kI lokapriya pradhAnamantrI zrImatI indirA gAMdhI ke karakamaloM se huA / pUjya munirAja zrI kI preraNA se deza ke mUrddhanya vidvAnoM kA bar3I saMkhyA meM dillI ke 'vijJAna bhavana' meM samArohapUrvaka sammAna kiyA gayA / vidvAnoM ko pUrI taraha se mahattA pradAna karAne aura samAja ke maMca se eka sAtha sammAnita karane ke prayAsa meM pUjya munizrI kI bahuta bar3I sUjhabUjha thI / isase vidvAnoM meM svAbhimAna jAgA aura jinavANI kI sevA kA apUrva utsAha unake mana meM saMcArita huaa| sabhI ne isa kAryakrama kI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA kii| isI avasara para naI dillI meM kundakunda bhAratI kI sthApanA kI gaI, jo dhIre-dhIre prAkRtavidyA aura jainadharma ke pracAra-prasAra kA mahattvapUrNa kendra banatA jA rahA hai| 1981 meM gommaTezvara bAhubali kI mUrti sthApanA kA sahasrAbdI varSa samAroha vizAla stara para manAyA gayA, jisameM pUjya munizrI padhAre aura unake satprayAsa se samAcAra mAdhyamoM dvArA deza, videza meM mahotsava ko acchI khyAti milii| deza ke pramukha munigaNa bhI ina dinoM zravaNabelgolA padhAre aura vahA~ abhUtapUrva muni-sammelana isa bIsavIM sadI kA Ayojita huaa| upasthita muni - samudAya ne ekamata se kucha mahattvapUrNa nirNaya lie, jinakA dezabhara meM vyApaka pracAra huaa| mahotsava ke avasara deza kI pradhAnamantrI zrImatI iMdirA gA~dhI bhI padhArIM aura unhoMne munizrI kA AzIrvAda lekara apane ko dhanya mAnA / jaba samAroha manAkara ve dillI vApisa lauTIM, to saMsada bhavana meM kucha logoM ne una para vyaMgyoktiyoM kA prayoga kiyA ki "kyA Apa jaina ho gayI haiM?" zrImatI iMdirA gA~dhI ne unheM javAba diyA ki "mAtra ve hI kyA sArA bhArata rASTra jaina hai; kyoMki rASTrapitA mahAtmA gA~dhI isa dharma ke siddhAMtoM se prabhAvita the aura Aja samUcA bhArata rASTra bhagavAn mahAvIra ke ahiMsA siddhAnta tathA unake batalAye huye mArga para cala rahA hai / " 1983 I0 meM kumbhoja bAhubalI kSetra para kucha logoM ne upadrava kiyaa| pUjya munirAja zrI ne ahiMsaka pratIkAra dvArA unakA DaTakara mukAbalA kiyA aura isaprakAra eka samUce kSetra ko upadraviyoM ke hAthoM meM jAne se rokA tathA usakA paryApta vikAsa karAyA / 1985 I0 meM indaura meM gommaTagiri tIrtha kA nirmANa munizrI kI pAvana sannidhi meM huaa| Aja yaha deza kA eka darzanIya tIrtha bana gayA hai| pUjya munizrI vidyAnanda jI kI preraNA se varSa 1985-87 ko 'zAkAhAra, sadAcAra aura zrAvakAcAra varSa' ke rUpa meM manAyA gyaa| 1988 I0 meM AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI kI preraNA se 'AcArya kundakunda dvisahasrAbdI varSa' ke rUpa meM sAre deza meM manAyA gyaa| bar3avAnI meM vizAlakAya bhagavAn RSabhadeva kI pratimA kA kSaraNa ho rahA thaa| bhUskhalana, pAnI ke risAva Adi se pratimA ke astitva para hI saMkaTa A rahA thA / pratimA para Ae isa saMkaTa ko dUra karane hetu vividha upAya kiye gaye aura 1989 I0 meM 'bAvanagajA mahAmastakAbhiSeka' kA kAryakrama joro-zoroM se huA / 84 prAkRtavidyAjulAI-sitambara 199

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varSa 1998 meM mahAvIra jI meM sthita bhagavAn mahAvIra kI pratimA ke 1000 varSa pUre hone ke upalakSya meM 'sahasrAbdI samAroha' bar3e paimAne para manAyA gayA, jisameM zrAvaka sammelana, vidvata sammelana, mahilA sammelana Adi aneka kAryakramoM ke sAtha abhiSeka kA kAryakrama pratidina bar3I vyavasthita rIti se calatA rhaa| isa avasara para AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI kI upasthiti ne samAroha meM cAra cA~da lagA diye| ___vigata kucha varSoM se pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI eka anokhe abhiyAna meM lage hue haiN| ve pUre rASTra aura antarrASTrIya stara para prAkRta kI pratiSThA karanA cAhate haiN| isa hetu deza ke vizvavidyAlayoM meM prAkRta kA pAThyakrama cAlU karAne hetu unhoMne apane prayAsa prArambha kara diye haiN| AcAryazrI kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki jisa kArya ko hAtha meM lete haiM, use sarvocca zikhara para pahu~cAkara hI caina lete haiN| unakI yaha hArdika abhilASA hai ki saMskRta akAdamI kI taraha dezoM meM prAkRta akAdamI' kI sthApanA ho tathA prAkRta' ko loga 'saMskRta' ke samAna hI jAneM, samajheM / kundakunda bhAratI se traimAsika rUpa meM prakAzita hone vAlI 'prAkRtavidyA' patrikA ne jaina patrikAoM meM mUrdhanya sthAna banA liyA hai| jisa zaurasenI ke gaurava ko loga bhUlate jA rahe the, use prAkRta-sAhitya kI upalabdha sabase prAcIna bhASA siddha karane aura bar3e-bar3e vidvAnoM ko apanI mAnyatA se sahamata karane kA AcAryazrI kA prayAsa Aja ke vidvatsamudAya meM Adara kI dRSTi se dekhA jAtA hai| zaurasenI meM nibaddha digambara Agama prAkRtabhASA kI dRSTi se sabase prAcIna Agama hai, isakA udghoSa pUrI sAmarthya ke sAtha karane vAle AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI samAja ko apane bhASAyI itihAsa ke gaurava kI yAda dilAne ke kAraNa jana-jana meM aura bhI adhika zraddhA ke kendra bana gaye haiN| unakI preraNA se prAkRta jana-jana meM lokapriya hogI tathA rASTrIya aura antarrASTrIya stara para usakA adhyayana bhAratIya saMskRti aura sAhitya kI jAnakArI ke lie anivArya mAnA jaaygaa| kaSTakarazatrukA lakSaNa 'prAjJaM kulInaM zUraM ca dakSa dAtArameva c| kRtajJaM dhRtimantaM ca kaSTamAhurariM budhAH / / ' -(manusmRti, 7/210) bhAvArtha:-nitya isa bAta kA satarka rahakara dRr3hatA ke sAtha viveka rakheM ki kabhI bhI buddhimAn, kulIna, zUravIra, catura, dAnadAtA, kRtajJa vyakti aura dhairyavAn puruSa ko zatru na banAye; kyoMki jo aise ko zatru banAyegA, vaha sadA duHkha kI paayegaa| sajjanoM ko vaibhava se madanahIM hotA hai "majjahi vihavahi Na mhaannubhaav|" - (vaDDhamANacariu, 8/7/9-985) artha:-mahAnubhAva vyakti kabhI bhI apane vaibhava ke kAraNa madonmatta nahIM hote haiN| * * * *** prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 00 85

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bihAra ke kucha pavitra jaina tIrtha - rUpakamala caudharI jainadharma ke prathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke dvArA pravartita paramparA meM Aja se lagabhaga 2600 varSa pUrva caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra kA AvirbhAva sva-para ke kalyANa ke lie huA thA, jinhoMne saMsAra ke samasta bhoga-vilAsa kA parityAga kara manuSya ko satya aura jJAna ke patha para prerita kiyA thA / vartamAna samaya meM manuSya bhautikatA kI cakAcauMdha se bhramita dharma-adharma kA bheda bhUla gayA hai| aisI paristhitiyoM meM jainadharma Aja bhI aprAsaMgika nahIM huA hai, vaha samAja ke lie Aja bhI amRtasvarUpa hai| yaha vANI zAzvata hai, jise kAla kA pravAha kabhI dhUmila nahIM kara sktaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra kA AvirbhAva bihAra meM huA thA, ataH yahA~ kaI pavitra jaina tIrtha haiM; unameM se kucha sthAnoM kA vivaraNa isaprakAra hai kuNDagrAma (vaizAlI): - bhagavAn mahAvIra kA AvirbhAva vaizAlI (basAr3ha) sthita kuNDagrAma meM huA thA / 'Adhunika basAr3ha hI baizAlI thI' - kaniMghama dvArA prastAvita yaha tathya asaMdigdha hai| DaoN0 TI0 blAkha dvArA 1903-04 meM isa sthAna para purAtattvIya utkhanana kiyA gayA thaa| blAkha ne 'rAjA bizAla kA gar3ha' nAmaka eka TIle para khudAI karavAyI thI / ' yahA~ eka choTe kakSa se upalabdha miTTI kI sAta sau muhareM milI thiiN| ye aitihAsika dRSTi se atyanta mUlyavAna haiN| ye muhareM patroM yA anya sAhityika AlekhoM ke Upara lagAyI jAtI thiiN| ye aMzata: adhikAriyoM aura aMzata: azAsakIya vyaktiyoM sAdhAraNataH vyApAriyoM yA zreSThiyoM se saMbaMdhita thIM / yaha nagara jaina evaM bauddha donoM dharmoM ke prAraMbhika itihAsa se ghaniSTharUpa se saMbaMdhita thii| 500 I0pU0 yahIM se vikasita hone vAle donoM dharmoM ne sampUrNa pUrvottara bhArata para prabhAva DAlA thaa| ata: yaha sthAna do mahAn dharmoM ke pravarttakoM kI puNya smRtiyoM se jur3A hai| jainadharma ke pravartaka mahAvIra ko vaizAlI apanA hI nAgarika mAnatI hai| isIlie unheM 'bisAlie' yA 'vaizAlika' yA 'vaizAlI nagara kA nivAsI' kahA jAtA thA / vaizAlI eka vaibhavapUrNa, samRddhizAlI, janasaMkalpa aura pracura khAdya sAmagrI vAlA nagara thaa| yahA~ aneka U~ce bhavana, kaMgUredAra imArateM, pramada- vana evaM puSkara the / vizAla kSetra arthAt laMbAI aura caur3AI meM vizAla hone ke kAraNasa isakA nAma 'vaizAlI' thaa| kuNDagrAma hI mahAvIra (jaina-tIrthaMkara) kA janma sthAna hai / ve buddha ke prAyaH samakAlIna the| kuNDagrAma vaizAlI yA basAr3ha kA eka upanagara thaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra jJAtRka gotra meM utpanna hue the / inakI mAtA kA nAma trizalA aura pitA kA nAma siddhArtha thaa| inakA janma 599 I0pU0 meM huA thA / vaizAlI ke kaI upanagaroM kA nAma pAli- sAhitya meM milatA hai, yathA-- 1 -- kollAga, nAdika, vaNiyagrAma, hatthIgrAma ityAdi / vaNiyagrAma hI Adhunika vANijyagrAma hai, jahA~ purAtattva kI aneka sAmagrI milI haiM / yahIM vaizAlI - saMgha kA eka arakSita avyavasthita eka choTA-sA saMgrahAlaya hai| 86 prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara 199

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barAbara yA khalatika pahADa:-gayA-paTanA rela-patha para belA sTezana se ATha mIla pUrva para yaha pahAr3I sthita hai| isa pahAr3I meM sAta prAcIna guphAe~ haiM, isalie ise 'satagharavA' bhI kahate haiN| inameM se tIna meM azoka ke abhilekha aMkita haiN| inase vidita hotA hai ki mUlata: inakA nirmANa azoka ke samaya AjIvaka sampradAya ke bhikSuoM ke nivAsa ke lie karavAyA gayA thaa| yaha sampradAya buddha ke samakAlIna AcArya makkhalI gausAla ne calAyA thaa| azoka ke abhilekhoM se usakI saba dhArmika sampradAyoM ke sAtha niSpakSa nIti kA pramANa milatA hai| azoka ke atirikta usake pautra dazaratha (jo jaina thA) ke abhilekha bhI ina guphAoM meM aMkita haiN| ise 'nAgArjunI guphA' bhI kahate haiN| isameM paravartIkAla ke anya abhilekha bhI milate haiN| maukhari-vaMza ke anantavarmana kA eka tithihIna abhilekha kA viSaya yaha hai ki usane guhA-maMdira meM eka kRSNa kI mUrti kI pratiSThA karavAI thii| ina guphAoM kA vartamAna nAma sudAmA, lomaSa RSi, rAmAzraya, vizva jhoMpar3I, gopI, vedAyika Adi hai|' campApurI (bhAgalapura):-jaina-graMtha 'aupapAtika sUtra' meM toraNoM, prAkAroM, prAsAdoM, upavanoM aura bAgoM se alaMkRta eka nagara ke rUpa meM isakA ullekha huA hai| isake anusAra dhana, aizvarya, Antarika Ananda evaM sukha se paripUrNa yaha nagarI vastuta: dharatI kA svarga thii| yahIM vAsupUjya nAmaka bArahaveM tIrthaMkara utpanna hue the, jinhoMne kevalajJAna aura nirvANa prApta kiyA thaa| yahIM rAjA karakaNDu ne kuNDa sarovara meM pArzvanAtha kI pratimA adhiSThita kI thii| zreNika ke putra kuNika ne apane pitA kI mRtyu ke pazcAt rAjagRha tyAgakara caMpApurI ko apanI rAjadhAnI bnaayaa| isa nagara ko caMpAnagara, caMpAmAlinI, caMpAvatI, caMpApurI aura caMpA Adi vividha nAmoM se pukArA jAtA thaa| yaha aMgadeza kI rAjadhAnI thii| buddha evaM mahAvIra ke Agamana ke kAraNa isa nagara kI zrIvRddhi huI thii|" maMdAra pahAr3I:-bihAra meM bhAgalapura se rela aura sar3akamArga se lagabhaga 45 ki0mI0 dakSiNa meM maMdAra pahAr3I avasthita hai| yahA~ dUra-dUra se bhArata ke vibhinna bhAgoM se jaina tIrthayAtrI prAya: Ate haiN| isa pahAr3I paraM vAsupUjya kI smRtiyoM se saMbaMdhita eka jaina-maMdira hai| jo jainadharma meM bArahaveM tIrthaMkara the| inhoMne campAnagara meM janma grahaNa kiyA thA aura saMbhavata: isI pahAr3I para tapasyA karake kaivalyajJAna prApta kiyA thaa| prakRti ne ise sundara rUpa pradAna kiyA hai aura yaha Aja bhI tapasyA ke lie anukUla hai| isa pahAr3I para do guphA haiM, jise prakRti ne tapasviyoM ko zIta, tApa aura varSA se rakSA karane ke lie nirmita kiyA hai| yaha vanya-pazuoM se bhI rakSA kA eka sAdhana rahA hogaa| pahAr3I 600 phITa kI U~cAI para sarvadA jala upalabdha (vartamAna samaya meM bhI) rahatA hai| isakI U~cAI lagabhaga 700 phITa hai|" isa pahAr3I se 3 mIla dakSiNa meM bauMsI' nAmaka sthAna para eka prAcIna jainamaMdira bhI hai| pArasanAtha:--yaha bihAra ke hajArIbAga jile meM avasthita lagabhaga 5000 phITa U~cI eka pahAr3I hai, jahA~ jaina-tIrthayAtrI prAya: Ate haiN| himAlaya ke dakSiNa meM yaha sabase U~cA pahAr3a hai| yaha na kevala paryApta U~cAIvAlA pahAr3a hai, balki yaha atyanta suMdara bhI hai| isake zikhara para prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 4087

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eka digambara jaina maMdira aura isake tala meM bhI kaI digambara jaina maMdira haiN| yaha 'sammedazikhara' nAma se bhI vikhyAta hai| yaha vanya pazuoM se yukta ghane jaMgala se AkIrNa hai| tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha nirvANa-prApti se pUrva isa pahAr3I para Aye the aura unhoMne yahIM mukti prApta kI thI / " pAvApurI:- isakA prAcIna nAma 'pApA' yA 'apApapurI' thaa| isI sthAna para bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apane nazvara zarIra kA tyAga kiyA thaa| ve 'pApA' rAjA ke vRSTipAla ke prAsAda ke pIche aneka sarovara ke madhya sthita uccabhAgastha mahAmaNi zilAtala para ruke the / yaha sthAna bihAra meM giriyeka se tIna mIla uttara meM sthita eka gA~va meM avasthita hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne jisa sthAna para nazvara zarIra kA parityAga kiyA thA, vahA~ sundara jaina maMdira banavAye gaye the| unake parinirvANa kI smRti ke lie bhI bhaktajanoM ne kArtikakRSNa amAvasyA kI rAtri ko prakAza-sajjA kI prathA yaha kahakara AraMbha kI thI ki "cU~ki jJAna kA prakAza calA gayA, isalie hama sabako bhautika padArthoM ke mAdhyama se prakAza karanA caahie|" svAmI vivekAnanda campAnagara ( nAthanagara) bhAgalapura ke jaina-maMdira ko dekhane Aye the aura vahA~ unhoMne jainAcAryoM se dharmAlApa bhI kiyA thaa|" maMdAra (bA~sI) kSetra ke bacce vidyAlaya meM chuTTI hote hI Aja bhI 'o nA mAsI dhaM' kA nArA lagAte, Ananda aura ullAsa kA prakAza karate, ghara kI ora daur3ate Ate haiN| saMbhavataH ve "OM namaH siddham " hI kahate haiM, jisase yaha pramANita hotA hai ki purAkAla meM isa kSetra para jainadharma kA vyApaka prabhAva rahA hogaa| pAda-TippaNI 1. aitihAsika sthAnAvalI, pR0 97 / 2. prAcIna bhArata kA aitihAsika bhUgola, pR0 445 (Arkiyolojikala sarve oNpha iMDiyA enuala ) / 3. vahI, pR0 445 (Arkiyolojikala sarve oNpha iMDiyA, 1903-04, pR0 74, riporTa 1903-04 pR0 74 ) / 4. vahI, pR0 446 (sUtrAja, saikreDa buka oNpha da isTa, bhAga-1, inTroDakzana, XI ) / 5. vahI, saikreDa buka oNpha da isTa, pR0 171, bhaagIII| 6. aitihAsika sthAnAvalI, pR0 197 / 7. vahI, pR0 610 / 8. prAcIna bhArata kA aitihAsika bhUgola, pR0 360 (sama jaina kainaoNnikala sUtrAja, pR0 73 evaM 176 ) / 9. vahI, pR0 360 evaM ai0 sthAnA0 pR0 321 tathA jainijma ina nArtha iMDiyA, pR0 26 / 10. vahI, pR0 346 (esa0 sTIpainsana, hArTa oNpha jainijma, pR0 41 ) / 11. vahI, pR0 395 (kArpasa insakripsansa iMDikerama, pR0 211, ArkiyaoNlojikala sarve oNpha iMDiyA, VIII, pRSTha 130 ) yaha pahAr3I lagabhaga 700 phITa U~cI hai| phlITa ke anusAra yaha bhAgalapura se lagabhaga 35 mIla dakSiNa meM sthita hai| 12. Arkiyolojikala sarve oNpha iMDiyA, VIII, pR0 (uddhRta prA0 bhA0 kA ai0 bhUgola, pR0 395) / 13. prAcIna bhArata kA aitihAsika bhUgola, pR0 416-417 / 14. svAmI vivekAnanda agasta, 1891 I0 meM bhAgalapura Aye the aura unhoMne vahA~ jaina AcAryoM se vArtAlApa bhI kiyA thaa| apane sudIrgha- bhramaNa meM AbU - parvata ( rAjasthAna ) sthita jainamaMdira bhI dekhane gaye the aura usake pAsa sthita guphA meM unhoMne kucha dinoM taka vAsa bhI kiyA thA / - yuganAyaka vivekAnanda, pR0 188, prathama bhAga (baMgalA graMtha) 00 88 prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara 199

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pustaka samIkSA (1) pustaka kA nAma : prameyakamalamArtaNDa-parizIlana lekhaka : pro0 udayacandra jaina prakAzaka : prAcya zramaNa bhAratI, 12/1, premapurI, mujaphpharanagara-251001 (u.pra.) mUlya : pacAsa rupaye, (DimAI sAIz2a, peparabaika, 38+284 pRSTha) saMskaraNa : prathama saMskaraNa 1998, I0 bhaTTa akalaMkadeva ke vacanAmRta-sindhu se nyAya ke ratnoM ko cunakara AcArya mANikyanandi jI ne parIkSAmukhasUtra' nAmaka jainanyAya ke AdyasUtragraMtha kA praNayana kiyaa| isa para prameyaratnamAlA (laghu anantavIryakRta), prameyaratnAlaMkAra (18vIM zatAbdI ke bhaTTAraka cArukIrti-viracita), nyAyamaNidIpikA (ajitasena racita) Adi TIkA granthoM ke atirikta paM0 jayacaMda jI chAbar3A kI 'bhASAvacanikA' evaM paM0 vijayacandra viracita 'arthaprakAzikA' nAmaka vyAkhyA bhI milatI hai| kintu parIkSAmukhasUtra ke sUtroM kA jaisA prAJjala evaM vistRta bhASya AcArya prabhAcandra jI ne 'prameyakamala-mArtaNDa' nAmaka graMtha meM kiyA hai, utanA kahIM nahIM mila pAtA hai| isameM dArzanika gaharAIyoM ko nyAya kI sUkSma prajJA se mata-matAntara kI saMtulita evaM vizada samIkSApUrvaka vivecita kiyA gayA hai| isa graMtha para svanAmadhanya vidvadvarya DaoN0 mahendra kumAra jI nyAyAcArya ne jo kArya kiyA thA, vaha apane Apa meM eka mIla ke patthara' kI bhA~ti avismaraNIya evaM atimahattvapUrNa hai| nyAyAcArya DaoN0 darabArIlAla jI koThiyA ne bhI isa kSetra meM kaI mahattvapUrNa dizAnirdeza khoja nikAle haiN| una sabako dRSTigata rakhakara anativistAra evaM subodhagamyatA kI dRSTi se DaoN0 udayacandra jaina vArANasIvAloM ne yaha kRti nirmita kI hai| isameM prAraMbhika 242 pRSThoM meM parIkSAmukhasUtra' ke chahoM paricchedoM ke sUtroM kA prameyakamalamArtaNDakAra ke bhASya ko saralIkRta karake saMkSiptarUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| vaha apane Apa meM zramasAdhya evaM pratibhAdyotaka rahA hai| isake bAda jo prathama pariziSTa ke antargata 'kucha vicAraNIya' binduoM kI carcA vidvAn lekhaka ne kI hai, unameM se eka-do bindu vastuta: vicAraNIya haiM; kyoMki vidvAn lekhaka ke apane dizAnirdezoM se jainAgama kI mAnyatAyeM evaM avadhAraNAyeM pUrNata: mela nahIM khAtI haiN| phira bhI vicAra-sAmagrI unhoMne apanI ora se AdhAra-sahita hI prastuta kI hai, bhale hI ve AdhAra Adhunika vidvAnoM ke vicAra rahe hoN| kula milAkara yaha kRti saMgrahaNIya to hai hI; paThanIya, mananIya evaM carcanIya bhI haiN| isa zreSTha kArya ke lie vidvAn lekhaka evaM prakAzaka -donoM hI sAdhuvAda ke pAtra haiN| -sampAdaka ** prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 2089

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graMtha kA nAma : dhyAnopadezakoSa (yogasAra saMgraha) graMthakartA : AcAryazrI gurudAsa saMpAdana evaM anuvAda : bra0 vinoda jaina, bra0 anila jaina prakAzaka : potadAra dhArmika evaM pAramArthika nyAsa, TIkamagar3ha (ma0pra0) prakAzana varSa : prathama saMskaraNa, 1999 I0 mUlya : paiMtIsa rupaye, (DimAI sAIz2a, kAgaz2a-gatte kI jilda, 108 pRSTha) ___ AcAryazrI gurudAsa jI kI isa kRti kA mUlanAma 'dhyAnopadezakoSa' graMtha ke prazastipadyoM meM AyA hai jabaki yogasArasaMgraha' bAda meM nAmAntara prasiddha huA pratIta hotA hai| isa graMtha para DaoN0 e0ena0 upAdhye jaise gurugaMbhIra vidvAn ne saMpAdana-kArya kiyA hai tathA isakA prakAzana 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha' jaisI pratiSThita prakAzaka-saMsthA ke dvArA ho cukA hai| isakA uparyukta saMsthA (potadAra TrasTa) dvArA punaH prakAzana karAyA gayA hai| ___ isake puna:saMpAdana meM mUla padyoM ke pATha jisa taraha se asAvadhAnIpUrvaka prakAzita huye haiM, unheM dekhakara yaha bhAva jagatA hai ki kyA hI acchA hotA ki ukta Adhunika saMpAdakadvaya (bra0 vinoda jaina evaM bra0 anila jaina) DaoN0 upAdhye jI ke mUlapAThoM ko hI yathAvat rakhakara prakAzita karA dete, to AcArya-viracita mUlagraMtha kA svarUpa to prAmANika banA rhtaa| ukta sampAdakadvaya se bahuta zramapUrvaka jJAnArNava, tattvAnuzAsana evaM AcArya kundakundasAhitya se kaI samAnAntara uddharaNa khojakara prastuta to kiye haiM; parantu unakA sampAdana, anuvAda evaM prakAzana -tInoM hI kisI vizeSajJa vidvAn ke dvArA nirIkSaNa evaM vyApaka saMzodhana kI apekSA rakhate haiN| maiM prAya: likhatA rahatA hU~ ki jainasamAja meM padoM evaM Arthika saMsAdhanoM se loga prAya: saMpAdaka padavI dhAraNa kara lete haiM, isa kalA ke vizeSajJa ve prAya: nahIM hote haiN| saMpAdanakalA sUkSmaprajJA kI mahatI sAdhanA se prApta hotI hai; ise baccoM kA khela samajhakara hara kisI ko nahIM karanA caahiye| isase hamAre AcAryoM ke graMthoM kA svarUpa to bigar3atA hI hai, sAtha hI kisI vidvAn ke hAtha meM jAne para AcAryoM ke graMtha saMpAdakIya truTiyoM ke kAraNa arthabhrama evaM upahAsa ke pAtra bana jAte haiN| pepara, priMTiMga evaM bAiMDiMga kA pUrA kharcA to samAja kA ho hI jAtA hai, phira prakAzita kRti kA svarUpa yadi starIya nahIM bana sake, to itane kharca kA aucitya kyA hai? --yaha vicAraNIya hai| ____ isa kRti meM 'AdarArthe bahuvacanam' jaise sAmAnya ziSTAcAra ke prayoga taka prAya: nahIM haiN| AcAryoM ko bhI ekavacana meM saMbodhita evaM sUcita kiyA gayA hai| hai' aura haiM' ke prayogoM meM ghora lAparavAhI baratI gayI hai| bahuvacanAnta prayogoM meM bhI prAya: hai' kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| kaI sthaloM para to mUlakArikA ke pUre pATha bhI anvayArtha' meM nahIM A pAye 1090 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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haiM, to kahIM-kahIM 'anvayArtha' meM apanI ora se bhI pATha mUlapATha ke rUpa meM jor3a diye gaye haiN| anuvAda jahA~ samajha meM nahIM AyA, to vahA~ mUla saMskRta kA pATha jyoM kA tyoM rakha diyA hai; jaiseki 'dharma anuprekSA' ke varNana-prasaMga (pR079) meM 'dharmasvAkhyAtattvAnuprekSA' isa mUlapATha kA anuvAda karate samaya 'dharmasvAkhyAtattvAnuprekSA hai' --yaha anuvAda kara diyA hai| 'mahattA' zabda ke sthAna para 'mahatvatA' jaise vicitra prayoga (pR082) kiye gaye haiN| 'zruNoti' (sunatA hai) ke sthAna para 'zRNoti' pATha (kArikA 117) diyA gayA hai| yaha mUlagraMtha ke svarUpa ko vikRta karanA hai| isIprakAra 'Asrava' ora 'Azrava' ke antara kA bodha bhI nahIM rakhA gayA hai| kArikA 84 meM anvayArtha meM kisI prakAra kA citavana karate rahane se usake dhyAna kA abhyAsa banA rahatA hai' - yaha apanI ora se jo vAkya jor3A gayA hai, vaha mUla artha ko spaSTa karane kI jagaha bhramita karatA hai| kaI jagaha kaI zabdoM ke artha samajha na pAne ke kAraNa chor3a bhI diye haiN| uddhata gAthAoM/padyoM kA artha karate samaya 'artha' zIrSaka kahIM diyA hai, to kahIM yoM hI chor3a diyA hai| sampAdana evaM prUphasaMzodhana-sambandhI zruTiyA~ to pratipRSTha paccIsa ke ausata se vidyamAna haiN| anupalabdha kRtiyoM kA prakAzana nizcaya hI stutyakArya hai, kiMtu use karanevAle vyakti bhI usa vidhA ke vizeSajJa hone cAhiye tathA unheM prAmANika rIti se niSThApUrvaka saMpAdana-anuvAda ke kArya karane caahiye| upekSApUrvaka, jaldabAjI meM evaM calatAU DhaMga se kiye gaye prakAzana truTiyoM ke bhaMDAra banakara dhana kI to hAni karate hI haiM, graMthoM kA svarUpa bhI saMdigdha banA dete haiN| ___ adhyAtma evaM yoga-dhyAna jaise utkRSTa viSayoM ke isa mahattvapUrNa graMtharatna ko ina viSayoM ke sAtha-sAtha bhASA, saMpAdanakalA evaM anuvAdavidhi meM niSNAta vidvAn ke dvArA saMpAdita kiyA jAnA hI zreyaskara hotaa| AzA hai samAja kI prakAzana-saMsthAyeM va vyakti isa kSetra meM sIkha leMge aura suMdara, prAmANika Adarza prakAzanoM dvArA samAja evaM deza meM tattvajJAna kA adhikAdhika pracAra-prasAra prabhAvI DhaMga se karane kI preraNA leNge| vaise 'dhyAnopadezakoSa' aparanAma 'yogasArasaMgraha' nAmaka yaha kRti bahuta dinoM se anupalabdha thI, ata: ise upalabdha karAne kI dRSTi se yaha prayAsa prazaMsanIya hai| saMsthAoM evaM vidvAnoM ko milakara yaha prayatna karanA cAhiye ki adyAvadhi aprakAzita graMthoM, vizeSata: prAcIna AcAryoM evaM manISiyoM ke mUla evaM TIkAgraMthoM ko vidhivat prAmANika saMpAdana, anuvAdapUrvaka Adarza rIti se zuddha prakAzana kraaveN| tathA anupalabdha mahattvapUrNa prakAzita graMthoM ko bhI puna: samIkSaNapUrvaka apekSita parimArjana ke sAtha prakAzita kraaveN| -sampAdaka ** 'samayasAra' hI hamArI asmitA kA pratIka hai| prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 ra '99 .091

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abhimata * 'prAkRtavidyA' apraila - jUna 199 kA aMka prApta kara mana prasannatA se bhara gyaa| sabhI lekha bhAvapUrNa evaM apane viSaya meM mahattvapUrNa haiM, jisase yaha aMka aura adhika viziSTa bana gayA hai| paramapUjya AcArya zrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja kA lekha 'pahile tolo phira bolo' vaktAoM ke lie unake sudIrgha janasambodhana anubhava para AdhArita mArga-nirdezana ke gAmbhIrya kI abhivyakti hai| jisakA sabhI ko lAbha uThAnA cAhie aura apanI sambodhana zailI isake anurUpa banAnI caahie| AcAryazrI kI svayaM kI pravacana - zailI sarvAMga paripUrNa, gahana adhyayana evaM cintana para AdhArita sarvajana - prazaMsita hai / DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ke donoM lekha 'prAtibha - pratiSThA kI paramparA aura jaina pratibhAyeM' evaM 'jaina samrAT khAravela' saMbaMdhI zodhapUrNa haiM / ve jamakara likhate haiM, nae tathyoM kI parata kholate haiN| prAkRtabhASA-viSayaka sabhI lekha bahuta zodhapUrNa, parizrama se likhe gaye haiN| paMDitapravara zrI nAthUlAla jI zAstrI kA lekha tathyaparaka, samAdhAnAtmaka hai| mitra AcArya rAjakumAra jaina Ayurveda - saMbaMdhI lekhoM ke siddhahasta lekhaka haiN| unakA lekha parizramapUrNa hai| priya (DaoN0 ) anupama jaina bhI jaina zodhalekhoM marmajJa lekhaka haiN| unakA laghu-lekha sundara hai| utkRSTa lekhoM dvArA patrikA kI uccastarIya zodha pravRtti svayaM siddha hai| Apake sampAdana-parizrama ke lie saadhuvaad| - satIza kumAra jaina, ahiMsA iMTaranezanala ** (c) 'prAkRtavidyA' (apraila - jUna 299 ) kA aMka prApta huA, dhnyvaad| isa aMka meM saba lekha par3hane yogya haiN| bhASAyeM va jainadharma kI kucha vizeSa bAtoM kI jAnakArI isa patrikA ke mAdhyama se ho sakatI hai| isa patrikA ke liye hArdika zubhakAmanAyeM haiN| jaina- jagat kI patrikAoM meM isa patrikA kA sthAna U~ce darje kA hai| prAkRtavidyA aMka meM preraka-vyaktitva' lekha DaoN0 abhaya prakAza jI jaina par3hA, par3hakara bahuta khuzI huii| pAzcAtya vidvAn harmana - jaikobI va DaoN0 jagadIzacaMda jI jaina do mukhya mahAnubhAvoM ke jIvana darzana para jAnakArI huii| videzoM meM jainadharma ke prati anurAga rakhane vAloM se samparka kiyA jAye / isa vizeSa bAta ko dhyAna meM rakhakara eka saMgoSThI kA cunAva bhI kiyA jAye / --esa0e0 mANakarANa siMghavI, vaMdevAsI, tamilanADu ** * 'prAkRtavidyA' apraila-jUna 299 meM prakAzita Apake gaveSaNApUrNa lekha 'jaina samrAT khAravela ke hAthIgumphA abhilekha ke katipaya abhinava tathya' ke prakAzana hetu hArdika badhAI / prabhu Apako sarasvatI-sevA karate rahane kI nimitta cirAyuSya pradAna kare / - ratnacandra agravAla, jayapura ** * 'prAkRtavidyA' kA apraila-jUna '99 I0 kA aMka milA, dhanyavAda / aMka na kevala mukhAvaraNa, sAjasajjA meM AkarSaka haiM, balki sAragarbhita sAmagrI se bhI alaMkRta hai| zraddheya prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '99 92

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AcArya vidyAnaMda jI kA vaktRtva para AdhArita lekha bar3A jJAnavardhaka hai, maulika hai / unakI lekhanI aura vANI kI guNavattA kise prabhAvita na kregii| 1 prAkRta aura zaurasenI bhASA sAhitya ke vikAsa meM isa patrikA kI apanI pahacAna hai zodha-patrikA ke rUpa meM isakA apanA mahattva hai / - nijAmuddIna, kAzmIra ** 'prAkRtavidyA' kA apraila-jUna '99 kA aMka svastha sAmagrImaya hai / Apa bahuta sakriya haiM, yaha khuzI kI bAta hai / zaurasenI, mAgadhI, ardhamAgadhI ke bhASAyI vivAda meM hamAre paMDita bAla kI khAla nikAlane meM dattacitta haiN| patrikA meM sAMskRtika mUlyoM para sAmagrI kama A rahI hai, kRpayA saMtulana banAe rkheN| - ravIndra kumAra jaina, madrAsa ** (c) Apa dvArA saMpAdita 'prAkRtavidyA' ke aMka yathAsamaya prApta ho rahe haiN| mujhe likhate hue prasannatA hotI hai ki pratyeka aMka kI sAmagrI jo pAThakoM ko parosI jA rahI hai, vaha vividha viSayoM se bharapUra hone ke kAraNa yathArtha meM pAThaka kI jJAnavRddhi meM sahAyaka hai| zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA-viSayaka lekha usakI prAcInatA evaM samIcInatA ke sAtha hI usakI upayogitA va saphalatA ko bhI siddha kara rahe haiM / uttara pradeza meM janmI bhASA kA dakSiNa meM samudbhava AcAryoM dvArA AdhyAtmika evaM saiddhAMtika jaina- vAGmaya ke lekhana meM upayoga karanA usake gaurava ko siddha karane ke liye paryApta hai| patrikA meM paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI mahArAja ke mahattvapUrNa lekhoM kA prakAzita honA tathA Apake vividha AyAmI lekhoM aura saMkalita sAmagrI kA cayana evaM anyAnya vidvajjanoM ke vaiduSyapUrNa lekhoM kA honA usakI upayogitA darzAne tathA unnayana meM (patrikA ke) parama sahAyaka hai| yadi isameM dhArmika kathAoM kA bhI samAveza kiyA jAye, to upayogitA aura bhI bar3ha jaayegii| maiM hRdaya se patrikA kI unnati cAhatA hU~ / - nAthUrAma DoMgarIya jaina, iMdaura ** * 'prAkRtavidyA' kA saMyuktAMka aMka prApta huA, aMka acchA hai, jAnakArI aisI milatI hai, jo prAya: binA prayatna ke upalabdha nahIM hotI, na hI ho sakatI / AzA hai sAhU jI ke jAne ke bAda bhI pragati kA krama to calatA rhegaa| unakA yogadAna itanA adhika thA agalA samaya hI mUlyAMkana kara skegaa| unakI tatparatA eka bAra vyaktigata mulAkAta meM jAnI jAtI thI / -narendra kumAra jaina, bhopAla ** * Apa dvArA sampAdita 'prAkRtavidyA' nAmaka traimAsika patrikA kA apraila-jUna '99 kA nayA aMka prApta huaa| par3hakara vizeSa prasannatA huii| isameM jo sampAdakIya evaM anya lekha haiM / ve sabhI surucipUrNa evaM prAkRtabhASA ke pracAra-prasAra ke sAtha hI sAtha jainadarzana kI pratiSThA meM cAra cA~da' lagAte haiN| isI zrRMkhalA meM 'pahile tolo phira bolo', prAkRta meM nAma, AkhyAta, 'upasarga aura nipAta' tathA 'tiloyapaNNattI', 'paMcatthikAyasaMgahasuttaM' Adi vizeSa mahattva rakhate haiM / Apake zodhapUrNa prayAsa evaM kArya sarAhanIya haiN| isake sthAyI staMbha bhI vyApaka bauddhika AyAma pradAna karate haiM / -- paM0 kailAza canda malaiyA zAstrI, phAgI (rAja0 ) ** prAkRtavidyA-- julAI-sitambara '99 93

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888888888888 8888888888 samAcAra darzana AcAryazrI vidyAnaMdajIdvArA niyama sallekhanA' vrata grahaNa dharmanagarI bar3auta ke zrIcaMdraprabhu digaMbara jaina bar3A maMdira ke vizAla hAla meM hajAroM zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM kI upasthiti meM budhavAra ko ThIka 11 bajakara 22 minaTa para siddhAMtacakravartI AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI munirAja ne maMtroccAraNa-sahita niyama sallekhanA vrata' kA saMkalpa liyaa| ___ AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI munirAja ne isa avasara para kahA ki samaya-samaya para videziyoM ne bhArata bhUmi para Adhipatya kara apanI saMskRti' thopI, lekina zramaNa (jaina) saMskRti usase vizeSa prabhAvita nahIM huii| jaina muniyoM, AcArya zAMtisAgara, pAyasAgara, vIrasAgara Adi ne 'sallekhanA vrata' dhAraNa kiyaa| anya saMskRtiyoM meM ise AtmahatyA batAyA, kiMtu jaina dharmAnuyAyI isase vicalita nahIM hue| kyoMki jaina sAdhucaryA kI sAdhanA kA yaha aMtima lakSya hai|" isa avasara para digaMbara jaina mahAvidyAlaya kI hIraka jayaMtI' evaM mAnastaMbha kalazArohaNa mahotsava' ke vidhAnAcArya paM0 gulAbacaMda jI puSpa, DaoN0 sudIpa jaina, DaoN0 jayakumAra upAdhye, DaoN0 zreyAMsa jaina Adi upasthita the| ___ yaha susaMyoga hai ki muni-dIkSA ke bAraha varSa bAda varSa 1975 meM munizrI vidyAnaMda jI prathama upAdhyAya pada se vibhUSita huye the| usake bAraha varSa bAda 1987 meM Apako AcArya pada. pradAna kiyA gayA thA, tathA aba 12 varSa bAda Apane niyama sallekhanA' vrata dhAraNa kiyA hai| yaha bhI zubha saMyoga rahA ki bar3e jaina maMdira ke jIrNoddhAra ke uparAMta isakI paMca kalyANaka pratiSThA vidyAnaMda jI ke sAnnidhya meM saMpanna huI thii| unhoMne sthApita kI gaI mUrtiyoM ko sUrya maMtra' diyA thaa| adhyAtma ke AdhAra para hI deza kA utthAna saMbhava : DaoN0 jozI "bhArata eka AdhyAtmika deza hai aura usakA utkarSa adhyAtma ke AdhAra para hI ho sakatA hai| RSi-muniyoM ne ise sadA anuprANita kiyA hai| 1857 ke svataMtratA-saMgrAma kA saMdeza bhI sAdhuoM ne hI diyA thaa| aMgrejoM ne ina sanyAsiyoM ko khatma karane kI ceSTA kI thI, kiMtu ve saphala nahIM hue| Aja deza AMtarika aura sImA para saMkaTa se ghirA hai| aise meM hamArI AdhyAtmika vibhUtiyoM se hameM rASTraprema kI preraNA milatI hai|" ___ dharmanagarI bar3auta (u0pra0) meM ye zabda keMdrIya mAnava saMsAdhana maMtrI DaoN. muralI manohara jozI ne AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI mahArAja ko vinayAMjali arpita karate hue zrI digaMbara jaina mahAvidyAlaya ke hIraka jayaMtI evaM mAnastaMbha kalazArohaNa samAroha ke avasara para vizAla janasabhA ko saMbodhita karate hue khe| DaoN0 jozI ne isa bAta para kheda vyakta kiyA ki "dharmanirapekSatA kA galata artha lagAkara kucha rAjanItika tattva deza ko hAni pahu~cA rahe haiN| yaha kaisI viDambanA hai ki hama apane hI deza meM jisakI saMsakRti kA mUlAdhAra 'ahiMsA paramo 0094 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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dharma:' aura 'vasudhaiva kuTumbakam' rahA hai, apane pUrvajoM ko yAda nahIM kara sakate aura apanI saMskRti kI una gAthAoM kI zikSA apane baccoM aura bhArata kI yuvA pIr3hI ko bhI nahIM de sakate, kyoMki aisA karane para sAMpradAyikatA kA Aropa hama para laga jAtA hai| dharmanirapekSatA kI yaha galata vyAkhyA hai| vAstava meM hara zikSaNa-saMsthA ko apane dharma kI evaM naitikatA kI zikSA dene kI svataMtratA honI caahie|" DaoN jozI ne jaina samAja ke zIrSa netA sAhU ramezacaMdra jaina kI yaha mAMga ko svIkAra kara liyA ki bhagavAn mahAvIra kI 2600vIM jayaMtI rASTra stara para manAe jAne hetu sarakArI stara para kameTI zIghra gaThita kI jaaegii| sAtha hI pAlI, prAkRta, saMskRta ke saMvarddhana-hetu digaMbara jaina kAleja meM sthApita pITha kI sthApanA meM pUrNa sahayoga kA bhI unhoMne AzvAsana diyA tathA prabaMdha samiti kI mAMgoM kI pUrti ke lie, jisameM navIna pAThyakrama zAmila haiM, meM bhI apane maMtrAlaya kA pUrNa sahayoga dene kA vAyadA kiyaa| kSetrIya sAMsada tathA keMdrIya kRSi rAjyamaMtrI zrI somapAla zAstrI ne isa avasara para kahA ki "jainadharma ne saMpUrNa vizva ke lie eka jIvana paddhati dI hai| isameM pAnI aura vanaspati ke kama se kama dohana karane para bala diyA gayA hai, jabaki Aja prAkRtika saMsAdhanoM ke atyadhika dohana ke kAraNa pAnI kA akAla hai, bhUkaMpa Adi A rahe haiM tathA paryAvaraNa kI samasyA utpanna ho rahI hai|" . unhoMne kahA ki "zramaNa saMskRti zrama para AdhArita thii| arthAt karma karane se hI hama Age bar3ha sakate haiN| AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI munirAja usI paraMparA kI dena hai| inake AzIrvAda se hama saMbala prApta kara sakate haiN|" ___ sAhU ramezacaMdra jaina ne kahA ki "jaina-saMskRti atiprAcIna hai| yaha samaya-samaya para AkramaNakAriyoM ke prabhAva se abhibhUta avazya huI aura yahI kAraNa hai ki aneka jagaha jaina mUrtiyA~ prApta ho rahI hai| aise samaya meM AcArya samantabhadra, AcArya kundakunda kI paraMparA ko bIsavIM sadI taka nirvAha karane vAle AcArya zAMtisAgara jI tathA AcArya vidyAnaMda jI haiN|" AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI munirAja ne apane AzIvarcana meM kahA ki "Aja ke saMkaTa-kAla meM sabhI ko tana-mana-dhana se deza kI rakSArtha sahayoga karanA caahie|" unhoMne 2200 varSa pUrva hue pratApI jaina samrAT khAravela kA ullekha karate hue kahA ki "yUnAna ne jaba deza para hamalA kiyaa| to khAravela ne use bhArata se bAhara khader3a kara deza kI rakSA kii|" unhoMne kahA ki "jaina samAja kA alpasaMkhyaka hote hue bhI deza ke hara kSetra meM bhArI yogadAna hai|" AcAryazrI ne isa bhrama ko dUra kiyA ki yadi jaina samAja ko alpasaMkhyaka darjA mila jAtA hai, to vaha hiMdU samAja se kisI taraha se alaga ho jaaegaa| unhoMne spaSTa kiyA ki Aja sikhoM va bauddhoM ko alpasaMkhyaka darjA prApta hai, kiMtu ve hiMdU samAja se alaga nahIM hai| isI prakAra jainoM ko bhI apanI zikSA-saMsthAoM va dharmAyatanoM kI surakSA kI dRSTi se saMvidhAna meM pradatta adhikAra milanA caahie| prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 0295

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a0bhA0di0 jaina vidvatpariSada ke saujanya se samayasAra vAcanA saphalatApUrvaka sampanna AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja kI preraNA se adhika 'bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvatpariSad' ke tattvAvadhAna evaM zrI di0 jaina kundakunda paramAgama TrasTa evaM paM0 ToDaramala smAraka TrasTa jayapura ke sahayoga se indaura meM dinAMka 21.5.99 se 24.5.99 taka cAra divasIya 'samayasAra vAcanA' vizAla janasamUha kI bIca saphalatApUrvaka sampanna huii| vAcanA meM bhArata ke vibhinna sthAnoM se padhAre caubIsa vidvAn mahAnubhAvoM ne bhAga liyA aura saikar3oM adhyAtma 'rucivAn mahAnubhAvoM ne samayasAra ke marma ko smjhaa/sraahaa| vAcanA meM AdhyAtmika jagata ke ziromaNi tattvamarmajJa DaoN0 hukamacanda bhArilla jayapura, kA cAroM dina mArgadarzana aura sAnnidhya rhaa| vAcanA kA saMyojana vidvatpariSada ke saMyukta maMtrI DaoN0 rAjendra kumAra baMsala ne kiyaa| vAcanA kA prathama satra paM0 nAthUlAla jI saMhitAsUri indaura kI adhyakSatA meM, dvitIya satra vayovRddha paM0 zrI nAthUrAma jI DoMgarIya kI adhyakSatA meM, tRtIya satra vratI vidvAn brahmacArI paM0 ratanalAla jI zAstrI indaura kI adhyakSatA meM, dinAMka 24.5.99 ko vAcanA kA aMtima satra paM0 ratana canda jI bhArilla jayapura kI adhyakSatA meM sampanna huaa| samayasAra vAcanA meM jainadarzana ke vividha pakSoM se sambandhita vidvAnoM evaM zrotAoM ne rucipUrvaka bhAga lekara vAcanA ke uddezya ko saphala bnaayaa| isakI sabhI mahAnubhAvoM ne sarAhanA karate hue use niraMtarita rakhane kI preraNA dii| AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI kA cAturmAsa grInapArka, naI dillI meM paramapUjya prAta:smaraNIya siddhAntacakravartI AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja kA 53vA~ pAvana varSAyoga (cAturmAsa) rAjadhAnI naI dillI ke grIna pArka kSetra meM sthita zrI pArzvanAtha digambara jaina maMdira jI' meM apUrva dharmaprabhAvanA ke sAtha ho rahA hai| pUjya AcAryazrI kA grInapArka meM maMgala-praveza dinAMka 25 julAI ko prAta:kAla huA tathA 25 julAI ko unakA 36vA~ munidIkSA-divasa atyanta bhaktibhAva se ullAsapUrvaka manAyA gyaa| tathA dinAMka 27 julAI ko sAyaMkAla zubhamuhUrta meM apAra janasamUha kI upasthiti meM vidhividhAnapUrvaka AcAryazrI ne varSAyoga kI sthApanA kii| vizeSa ullekhanIya bAta yaha hai ki pUjya AcAryazrI 'ajjhayaNameva jhANaM' ko Adarza ke rUpa meM rakhakara pratidina do bAra maMgalapravacana de rahe haiN| prAta:kAla unakA 8.30 baje se 9.30 baje taka rayaNasAra' graMtha para maMgalapravacana hotA hai, to sAyaMkAla 4.30 baje se 5.30 baje taka niyamasAra' graMtha para AdhyAtmika pravacana hotA hai| donoM samaya apAra janasamUha maMtramugdha hokara pUjya AcAryazrI ke sAragarbhita upadezoM ko sunatA hai| vizeSata: AcAryapravara kundakunda dvArA racita ina donoM granthoM ke hArda ko eka nigraMtha abhIkSNa jJAnopayogI variSTha AcArya ke zrImukha se sunakara nigraMtha saMtoM kI apUrva jJAnagarimA evaM gAmbhIrya se samAja 1096 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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paricita ho rahI hai| sthAnIya samAja kA kahanA hai ki kisI bhI munirAja ke aise niyamita evaM atyanta saralabhASA zailI meM hote hue bhI itane sUkSmatattvajJAna se otaprota pravacana hamane Aja taka nahIM sune haiN| pUjya AcAryazrI ke pravacanoM ke kAraNa samAja meM apUrva dharmaprabhAvanA ho rahI hai| -munIzvara prasAda jaina ** saMskRta vidyApITha meM 'prAkRtabhASA vibhAga' kA zubhArambha zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha (mAnita vizvavidyAlaya), naI dillI16 meM satra 1998-99 se prAkRtabhASA ke svataMtra vibhAga kA zubhArambha kendra sarakAra kI anumati se vidhi sammata tarIke se huA hai| isakI sthApanA ke pUrva vizvavidyAlaya anudAna Ayoga kI niyamAvalI ke anusAra prayoga ke taura para prAkRtabhASA ke aMzakAlIna pAThyakrama (pramANapatrIya evaM DiplomA pAThyakrama) tIna varSa pUrva satra 1996-97 se prAraMbha kiye gaye the| do varSoM meM unakI sakriyatA, pAThyapustakoM ke nirmANa, janaruci evaM saphala saMcAlana ko dRSTigata rakhate hue pUrI riporTa ke AdhAra para vizvavidyAlaya anudAna Ayoga evaM kendra sarakAra ne isa vibhAga kI sthApanA kI svIkRti pradAna kI evaM apekSita saMsAdhana bhI vidyApITha ko pradAna kiye| unhIM ke dvArA isa vidyApITha meM prAkRtabhASA ke eka upAcArya (rIDara) evaM eka vyAkhyAtA (lekcarara) ke pada prArambhika rUpa meM nirmita hue| ina para vidhivat niyuktiyA~ bhI ho cukI haiM evaM niyukta vidvAnoM ne apanA padabhAra grahaNa kara liyA hai| inakI niyaktiyoM ke pUrva DaoN0 devendra jI zAstrI nImaca, pro0 rAjArAma jI jaina, ArA evaM DaoN0 udayacaMda jI jaina udayapura vAloM kA 'atithi AcArya' (gasTa phaikalTI) ke rUpa meM mahattvapUrNa yogadAna zaikSaNika-kArya meM rahA hai| __prAkRtabhASA vibhAga meM upAcArya' (rIDara) pada para DaoN0 sudIpa jaina kI niyukti huI hai tathA 'vyAkhyAtA' (lekcarara) pada para DaoN0 (paM0) jayakumAra upAdhye kI niyukti huI hai| ___ isa zubhakArya ke lie prAkRtavidyA' parivAra kendra sarakAra evaM vizvavidyAlaya anudAna Ayoga ke sambaddha mahAnubhAvoM, vidyApITha ke kulAdhipati zrI ke0pI0e0 menaoNna jI, saMsthApaka kulapati DaoN0 maNDana mizra jI evaM vartamAna kulapati pro0 vAcaspati upAdhyAya jI kA hRdaya se AbhAra mAnatA hai ki prAkRtavidyA ke kSetra meM ina saba mahAnubhAvoM kA avismaraNIya yogadAna rahA hai| AzA hai yaha vibhAga dinoMdina aura adhika unnati kI ora agrasara rhegaa| -prakAzaka ** prAkRtabhASA pAThyakrama ke satra 1998-99 ke parIkSA-parimANa zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha (mAnita vizvavidyAlaya), naI dillI110016 meM tIna varSoM se zAnadAra upalabdhiyoM ke sAtha saMcAlita prAkRtabhASA ke pramANapatrIya evaM DiplomA pAThyakramoM ke satra 1998-99 ke parIkSA-pariNAma nimnAnusAra haiM prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 ra'99 00 97

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DiplomA pAThyakrama 1998-99 prathama sthAna zrImatI raMjanA jaina 99.0% dvitIya sthAna zrImatI zAradA jaina - 96.5% tRtIya sthAna - zrI aniruddha jaina 93.5% pramANapatrIya pAThyakrama 1998-99 prathama sthAna zrImatI saritA jaina 97.0% dvitIya sthAna - ku0 sAdhanA jaina - 95.5% tRtIya sthAna - ku0 lInA jaina - 93.5% donoM pAThyakramoM meM parIkSA meM sammilita sabhI chAtra-chAtrAyeM uttIrNa huye haiM, parIkSA pariNAma zata-pratizata rahA hai| 'DiplomA pAThyakrama' meM sAta vidyArthI prathama zreNI meM (jinameM se cAra ne 75% se adhika aMka prApta kiye haiM) evaM eka dvitIya zreNI meM uttIrNa huA hai| jabaki 'pramANapatrIya pAThyakrama' meM bAraha vidyArthI prathamazreNI meM (jinameM se nau ne 75% se adhika aMka prApta kiye haiN)| cAra vidyArthI dvitIya zreNI meM evaM pA~ca vidyArthI tRtIya zreNI meM uttIrNa huye haiN| -DaoN0 sudIpa jaina, saMyojaka ** DaoN0 jayakumAra upAdhye ko pI-eca.DI. upAdhi prApta kundakunda bhAratI meM vAstuvidyA evaM jyotiSa ke prabhArI vidvAn paM0 jayakumAra ena0 upAdhye ko mohanalAla sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura ke jainavidyA evaM prAkRta vibhAga' se varSa 1999 I0 meM pI-eca.DI. kI zodha-upAdhi prApta huI hai| Apane pro0 (DaoN0) premasumana jI jaina ke mArga-nirdezana meM apanA zodha-prabandha-nirmANa kiyA thaa| Apake zodha-prabandha kA viSaya 'prAkRta sAhitya meM varNita jyotiSa kA AlocanAtmaka parizIlana' thaa| Apako isa upalabdhi para prAkRtavidyA-parivAra kI ora se hArdika bdhaaii| ___-saMpAdaka ** "vidvAn hI vidvAn ke parizrama ko samajha sakatA hai" saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya ke pUrva kulapati prophesara vI0 veMkaTAcalam ne kahA ki "eka vidvAn hI dUsare vidvAn ke parizrama ko samajha sakatA hai| kisI vidvAn ke dvArA abhinandita honA bahuta bar3A sammAna hai|" unhoMne ye udgAra somavAra ko kendrIya ucca tibbatI zikSA saMsthAna, sAranAtha meM gata dinoM dillI meM AcArya umAsvAmI puraskAra se sammAnita, kAtantrasindhu kI upAdhi se vibhUSita saMsthAna ke upAcArya (DaoN0) jAnakI prasAda dvivedI ke abhinandana-samAroha meM mukhya atithi pada se vyakta kiye| unhoMne kahA ki "DaoNkTara dvivedI ne bar3e parizrama se graMthoM kA praNayana kiyA, jisakA samucita mUlyAMkana dillIstha zrI kundakunda bhAratI nyAsa-saMsthA ne kiyaa| unhoMne kahA DaoNkTara dvivedI kA sammAna zAstrasevA kA sammAna hai|" samAroha kI adhyakSatA karate hue saMsthAna ke nidezaka pro0 rinapoche ne (DaoN0) dvivedI 0098 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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ko nArikela phala se sammAnita karate hue kahA "jo vidvAn yA adhyApaka adhyApanamAtra se santuSTa rahate haiM, ve Adarza adhyApaka nahIM ho skte| jo loga adhyApana ke sAtha hI gahana anusaMdhAna ke dvArA-grantha racanA karate haiM, ve hI Adarza koTi ke adhyApaka ho sakate haiN| DaoN0 jAnakI prasAda dvivedI jI ne adhyApana ke sAtha hI aneka mahattvapUrNa zodhaparaka graMthoM kI racanA kI hai| Apa saMskRta vyAkaraNa ke viziSTa vidvAn haiN| Apako jo puraskAra milA hai vaha hama sabhI ke lie Ananda evaM gaurava kA viSaya hai| (DaoN0) dvivedI ko sAdhuvAda dete hue unhoMne unake zatAyu jIvana kI kAmanA kii|" ___ apane abhinandana ke uttara meM (DaoN0) jAnakI prasAda dvivedI ne kahA - maiMne 115 zodhalekhoM tathA 11 graMthoM kI racanA kI hai| maiM isI taraha zAstra-sevA meM lagA rhuuNgaa| saMsthAnIya chAtroM ko hara sambhava sahayoga detA rhuuNgaa| (DaoN0) dvivedI ne apane isa abhinandana ke prati saMsthAna ke nidezaka pro0 rinapoche tathA anya sabhI vidvAnoM ke prati AbhAra vyakta kiyaa| saMsthAna ke chAtrasaMgha ke adhyakSa bhikSu chogala tenjina ne viziSTa vidvAnoM ko mAlpyArpaNa kiyaa| saMsthAna kI chAtrAoM ne saMskRtabhASA meM abhinandana-gIta prastuta kiyaa| saMsthAna kI sahAyaka kulasaciva (DaoN0) anupamA kauzika ne kauzeya vastra pradAna karake (DaoN0) dvivedI ko sammAnita kiyaa| saMskRta bhASA meM abhinandana patra kA pATha (DaoN0) dharmadatta caturvedI ne kiyaa| saMsthAna ke saMskRta vibhAga ke upAcArya (DaoN0) rAmarakSA tripAThI ne svAgata bhASaNa kiyaa| anuvAda vibhAga ke sampAdaka bhikSu ela0ena0 zAstrI tathA tibbatI bhASA ke prAdhyApaka bhikSu pemA gyalachan ne (DaoN0) dvivedI ke kAryoM ke prati niSThA vyakta karate hue unakA svAgata kiyaa| anta meM dhanyavAda jJApana paNDita janArdana pANDeya jI ne kiyaa| isa kAryakrama kA saMskRta bhASA meM saMcAlana (DA0) dharmadatta caturvedI ne kiyaa| isa samAroha meM saMsthAna ke vidvAn pro0 kAmezvara nAtha mizra, pro0 rAmazaMkara tripAThI tathA saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya se pro0 lakSmI nArAyaNa tivArI, pro0 brahmadeva nArAyaNa zarmA, (DaoN0) rameza kumAra dvivedI tathA (DaoN0) haraprasAda dIkSita ne upasthita hokara ise saphala bnaayaa| uttarapradezIyakarNapurajanapadAntargatakamAlapuragrAmaprasUtAnAM pANinIyakAtantracAndrAdizabdavidyopAsakAnAM kAtantraJcAdhikRtya vAcaspati' (DI0 liT0) iti labdhazodhopAdhInAM dharmasadAcAraparAyaNAnAM saMsthAnasyAsya saMskRtavibhAge upAcAryapadaM suzobhayatAM sammAnanIyAnAM DaoN0 jAnakIprasAda-dvivedamahAbhAgAnAM saMskRtavAGmayasya viziSTasevAyai dillIsthazrIkundakundabhAratInyAsasya 'AcArya umAsvAmi' saMskRtabhASAsAhityapuraskAreNa sammAnitAnAm atha ca kAtantrazAstrIyagabhIravaiduSyAzritena kAtantrasindhu' iti viziSTasammAnopAdhinA vibhUSitAnAM teSAM sAmodaM svAgatAbhinandanaM vidadhat kendrIya-uccatibbatI-zikSAsaMsthAnamidaM tebhya: samarpayatIdam abhinandanapatram sadaiva ye vaidikamArgagAmino manasvinaH zIlavibhUSitA ime| gaveSakAste prathitAzca jAnakIprasAdavaryAH kuzalA: samIkSakA: / / 1 / / prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 00 99

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AloDitaM vyAkaraNAdizAstraM dvivedavaryairiha saMskRtajJaiH / granthastadIyazca puraskRto'bhUt kaatntrshaabdiiyvimrshnaamaa|| 2 / / zatAdhikA: zodhaparA nibandhA dazAdhikA yaiH kRtayaH prnniitaaH|| bhoTIyavaiyAkaraNetivRttaM prAkAzi teSAmiha saMsthayA c|| 3 / / kAtantrasUtrANi samIkSamANAH zAstreSu dhIrAH paramapravINAH / medhAvino'dhyApanakarmasaktA vizuddhavRttA guNino dvivedAH / / 4 / / ye rAjadhAnyAM sudhiyo dvivedA: kAtantrasindhupramukhaM vishissttm| sammAnamenaM samavApya mAnyAH saMsthAnakIrti smvrdhyste|| 5 / / . jainair umAsvAmiviziSTanAmnA sammAnanArthaM sudhiyo vRtA ye| tAneva saMsthAnakulasya mAnyAn sammAnayAmo'dya vayaM dvivedAn / / 6 / / zubhecchavaH nidezakakulasacivopakulasacivA adhyApakAzchAtrA: karmacAriNazca kendrIya-uccatibbatIzikSAsaMsthAnam, sAranAtha-vArANasI dinAMka 26.4.99 ** abhinandanagItam vayaM zraddhAsumAJjalibhi: satAmabhinandanaM kurmaH / sadA ye pAThayantyasmAn sarasayA bhASayA shaastrm| virAjante sabhAmadhye gurUNAM vandanaM kurmaH / / 1 / / vayaM zraddhA... sadA zAstrAnusandhAne ramante ye sudhImantaH / vayaM kAtantrasindhunAm amISAM svAgataM kurmaH / / 2 / / vayaM zraddhA... yadIyaM zAstravaiduSyaM prazastaM sAmprataM loke vayaM zuddhAzayaizchAtrAstadIyaM svAgataM kurmaH / / 3 / / vayaM zraddhA... umAsvAmItisammAnAd budhA ye bhUSitA vandyaiH / dvivedA: zAbdikAsteSAM zataM sadvandanaM kurmH|| 4 / / vayaM zraddhA.... idaMsaMsthAnasatkIrtiH samantAd vardhitA dhiiraiH| vayaM kalyANamitrANAM tadarthaM vandanaM kurmaH / / 5 / / vayaM zraddhA.... * digambara jaina mahAsamiti 'rASTrIya patrakAritA puraskAroM' kI ghoSaNA digambara jaina patrakAra baMdhuoM dvArA samAja-nirmANa meM die jA rahe yogadAna ke prati sammAna vyakta karane ke bhAva se digambara jaina mahAsamiti dvArA mArca '99 meM rASTrIya stara para patrakAritA puraskAroM hetu praviSTiyA~ AmaMtrita kI gaI thiiN| hameM yaha ghoSita karate hue prasannatA hai ki nimnAMkita 5 vargoM meM kula 37 praviSTiyA~ prApta huI jinakA mUlyAMkana trisadasyIya nirNAyaka maNDala dvArA kiyA gayA__ 1. prA0 narendra prakAza jaina, phirojAbAda; 2. (DaoN0) hukamacanda bhArilla, jayapura; 3. 00 100 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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(DaoN0) vRSabhaprasAda jaina, lkhnuu| nirNAyaka-maNDala kI anuzaMsAoM ke AdhAra para rASTrIya adhyakSa zrI pradIpa jaina kAsalIvAla ne nimnavat puraskAroM kI ghoSaNA kI hai| samasta puraskRta saMpAdakoM ko nikaTa bhaviSya meM indaura meM Ayojita hone vAle rASTrIya digambara jaina sampAdaka/patrakAra sammelana' meM ru0 5,000/- kI nagada rAzi tathA prazasti-patra se sammAnita kiyA jaayegaa| varga-1 : hindI sAptAhika, pAkSika samAcAra patroM ke smpaadk| zrI zaileSa kApar3iyA, smpaadk--jainmitr| varga-2 : hindI mAsika patra-patrikAoM ke smpaadk| DaoN0 ciraMjIlAla bagar3A, sampAdaka.-dizAbodha / varga-3 : upAjAtIya saMgaThanoM kI patrikAoM ke smpaadk| zrI jagadIza prasAda jaina, pradhAna sampAdaka-jaisavAla jaina drpnn| varga-4 : hindI ke atirikta anya bhASAoM ke patra-patrikAoM ke smpaadk| bra0 mANikacanda jayavaMta sA bhisIkara, sampAdaka-sanmati (mraatthii)| varga-5 : zodha-patrikAoM ke smpaadk| DaoN0 sudIpa jaina, smpaadk-praakRtvidyaa| samasta puraskRta vidvAnoM ko mahAsamiti parivAra kI ora se hArdika bdhaaii| -(DaoN0) anupama jaina, rASTrIya pracAra maMtrI ** zrutapaMcamI parva tathA zrI jaina siddhAMta bhavana, ArA kA 96vA~ vArSikotsava sampanna dinAMka 18 jUna, 1999, zrutapaMcamI parva tathA zrI jaina siddhAMta bhavana kA 96vA~ vArSikotsava zrutaskandha yaMtra, mahAn graMtha SaTkhaNDAgam' kI pUjA-arcanA tathA bhavana ke vArSika prativedana Adi ke sAtha sollAsa sampanna huaa| isa zubha avasara para prasiddha dAnavIra bAbU haraprasAda dAsa jI jaina kI pautrI tathA zraddheyA tapasvinI zrImatI draupadI devI jI, bhavana ke saMrakSaka zrImAn subodha kumAra jI jaina, DaoN0 gokula canda jI jaina tathA samAja ke anya gaNamAnya vyakti upasthita the| __jJAtavya hai ki zrI jaina siddhAMta bhavana, ArA kI sthApanA san 1903 I0 meM Aja hI yAni zrutapaMcamI parva ke dina rAjarSi devakumAra jI jaina ne bhaTTAraka zrI harSakIrti jI mahArAja kI preraNA se kI thii| isa graMthAgAra meM prAkRta, saMskRta, hindI, aMgrejI, kannar3a, baMgalA tathA anya vibhinna bhASAoM meM jainagraMtha hI nahIM apitu jainetara dharmoM ko milAkara lagabhaga 5000 hastalikhita graMtha, 1700 tAr3apatrIya graMtha, tathA 14000 chape hue graMtha saMgrahita haiN| isake atirikta lagabhaga 5000 aMgrejI meM chape hue atidurlabha tathA bahumUlya graMthoM kA bhI saMgraha hai| oNDiyo-viDiyo kaiseTa lAibrerI ke antargata jaina tIrthasthaloM, muni mahArAja-saMtoM ke pravacana, bhajana Adi ke kaiseTa upalabdha hai| 'zrI jaina siddhAMta bhAskara' tathA aMgrejI meM 'jaina enTIkverI' nAmaka vArSika zodha-patrikAoM kA prakAzana san 1912 se niraMtara prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 0 101

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savyavasthita DhaMga se hotA A rahA hai| ina donoM patrikAoM meM jaina purAttatva, itihAsa, kalA se saMbaMdhita anekoM mahattvapUrNa lekha prakAzita hote cale A rahe haiN| zrI jaina siddhAMta bhavana ke antargata sthApita zrI deva kumAra jaina prAcya zodha saMsthAna, jise ki magadha vizvavidyAlaya dvArA mAnyatA prApta hai, zodhArthiyoM ko apanI sevA pradAna kara rahA hai| zodhakartA kI suvidhAoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue bahumUlya prAcIna graMthoM kI jIraoNksa kaoNpI karavAkara dene kI vyavasthA bhI bhavana meM hai| isa avasara para zrI jaina siddhAMta ke saMrakSaka zrI subodha kumAra jI jaina ne bhavana kI vibhinna sevAoM tathA upayogitAoM para prakAza ddaalaa| mAnada maMtrI zrI ajaya kumAra jI jaina ne zrutapaMcamI parva ke itihAsa se logoM ko avagata kraayaa| -jineza kumAra jaina, ArA ** zrAvaka ziromaNi - zrI cakreza jaina 21 apraila, 1999 ko rASTrasanta AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ke 'amRta-mahotsava' ke prasaMga se yuvA, karmaTha evaM jainasamAja ke agraNI netA svanAmadhanya zrI cakreza jaina ko 'zrAvaka ziromaNi' kI mAnada upAdhi se alaMkRta kiyA gyaa| ___ jaina evaM jainetara samAja meM labdhapratiSTha karmaTha, sAmAjika udAracetA zrI cakreza jaina kA janma 50 varSa pUrva dharmaniSTha saMbhrAnta parivAra meM huA thaa| Apake pitA zrI lAlA ratanalAla jI bijalIvAle samAja ke pratiSThita evaM udAtta guNoM se sampanna karmaTha samAjasevI ke rUpa meM sthApita the| dillI meM 20vIM zatAbdI meM sarvaprathama vyaktigata stara para bAlAzrama sthita munisuvratanAtha digambara jaina maMdira dariyAgaMja kI paMcakalyANaka pratiSThA sampanna karAne kA zreya unhIM ko hai| bAlyAvasthA se hI zrI jaina ne uccakulIna paramparAgata guNoM ko AtmasAt karate hue nirbhIka-ImAnadAra, samarpita evaM karmaTha vyaktitva kA vikAsa kiyA hai| vilakSaNa saMgaThana zakti evaM netRtva kSamatA ke kAraNa 20 varSa kI avasthA se hI aneka mahattvapUrNa dhArmika evaM sAmAjika gatividhiyoM ko gatizIla banAne kA gurutara dAyitva kA nirvAha Aja bhI usI samarpaNabhAva se kara rahe haiM, jisa bhAva se prasaMga meM sarvaprathama vizva prasiddha pakSI aspatAla zrI digambara jaina lAla maMdira, cAMdanI cauka kA dAyitva grahaNa kiyA gayA thaa| zrI jaina kA sevAvrata kA bhAva Aja bhI jIvanta hai| ___Aja sArA jaina jagat karmaTha samAjasevI-dharmaniSTha cakreza jaina ko 'zrAvaka ziromaNi' kI gauravapUrNa upalabdhi para harSita hai| digambara jaina samAja evaM sosAyaTI dariyAgaMja kI ora se hArdika abhinndn| apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI dvArA patrAcAra apabhraMza sarTiphikeTa pAThyakrama digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrImahAvIrajI dvArA saMcAlita apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI dvArA patrAcAra apabhraMza sarTiphikeTa pAThyakrama' kA AThavA~ satra 1 janavarI, 2000 se Arambha kiyA jA rahA hai| 00 102 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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'patrAcAra jainadharma evaM saMskRti sarTiphikeTa pAThyakrama' satra 2000 meM praveza bhArata-sthita una adhyayanArthiyoM ke lie hogA, jinhoMne kisI bhI vizvavidyAlaya se snAtaka parIkSA uttIrNa kI ho| isakI mAdhyama bhASA hindI hogii| pAThyakrama kA satra 1 janavarI, 2000 se 31 disambara, 2000 taka rhegaa| nirdhArita Avedanasatra jayapura kAryAlaya se maMgavAkara 30.9.99 taka bhejeN| -DaoN0 kamacanda sogANI ** zrI gommaTezvara vidyApITha prazasti puraskAra 1999 prAcIna vAGmaya evaM jaina vidyAoM ke mUrdhanya vidvAna, sAgara (madhyapradeza) ke anupama ratna DaoN0 paM0 pannAlAla jI sAhityAcArya ko unakI advitIya sAhitya sAdhanA evaM Agama vivecanA ke lie samarpita kara sammAnita kiyA gyaa| -DI0 upAdhye, (ma0pra0) ** zAnti evaM ahiMsaka upakrama para caturtha antarrASTrIya sammelana, naI dillI meM AgAmI 10 se 14 navambara, 1999 ko naI dillI meM Ayojya zAMti evaM ahiMsaka upakrama para caturtha antarrASTrIya sammelana meM bhAga lene ke lie vizva ke 30 dezoM ke lagabhaga eka sau vidvAnoM ne apanI sahamati/Avedana preSita kie haiN| sammelana kI viSaya vastu hai : 'ahiMsA, zAnti-sthApanA, kalaha kA niyantraNa evaM prabandhana / -mahendra jaina aNuvrata vizva bhAratI ** viziSTa jaina pratibhA solApura (mahArASTra) nivAsI jainasamAja ke yazasvI vidvAn sva0 paM0 varddhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI ke pautra evaM zrI prabhAcaMda zAstrI ke putra zrI mahAvIra prabhAcaMda zAstrI ne zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha (mAnita vizvavidyAlaya) naI dillI-110016 ke satra 1998-99 meM 'siddhAntajyotiSa' viSaya se trivarSIya zAstrI' parIkSA 82.22% aMkoM se uttIrNa kara sarvocca sthAna prApta kiyA hai| isa ullekhanIya upalabdhi para Apako hArdika badhAI -sampAdaka ** padmazrI bAbUlAla jaina pATodI ko sAhU azoka jaina smRti puraskAra pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI munirAja ke sAnnidhya meM yahA~ lAlakilA ke sAmane subhASa maidAna ke 'kundakunda sabhA maNDapa' meM Ayojita eka bhavya samAroha meM padmazrI bAbUlAla jaina pATodI ko deza, dharma aura samAja kI utkRSTa sevA ke lie prathama sAhU azoka jaina smRti puraskAra' pradAna kiyA gayA tathA 'zrAvaka ziromaNi' kI upAdhi se sammAnita kiyA gyaa| yaha puraskAra bar3auta (u0pra0) kI samAja ne svanAmadhanya sva0 sAhU azoka jaina jI kI puNyasmRti meM pravartita kiyA hai| puraskAra meM zrI pATodI ko eka lAkha rupae, zAla va prazasti patra die ge| pUrva lokasabhA adhyakSa evaM rAjasthAna ke pUrva rAjyapAla balirAma bhagata samAroha ke mukhya atithi the| AcAryazrI ne apane AzIrvacana meM kahA ki "sammAna va puraskAra vyakti kI samarpaNa prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 00 103

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bhAvanA evaM lagana ke prati diye jAte haiN| pATodI jI ne khyAti kI icchA ke binA samAja ke lie ni:svArtha bhAva se kArya kiyA hai| usI ke pariNAmasvarUpa unheM yaha sammAna diyA gayA hai|" unhoMne svargIya sAhU azoka jaina dvArA kie gae kAryoM kI carcA karate hue kahA ki "sAhU parivAra kI tIna pIr3hiyoM ne jaina samAja ke utthAna ke lie jo kArya kie, ve anukaraNIya haiN| sAhU azoka jaina ne samAja ko eka naI dizA dii| unakI riktatA ko bharanA asaMbhava hai|" AcAryazrI ne kahA ki azoka jI ko ye saMskAra apanI mAtA ramAjI se mile the aura ramA jI ko ye saMskAra gAMdhI jI ke saMparka meM rahane para mile| azoka jI kI smRti meM yaha puraskAra sthApita kara bar3auta jaina samAja ne eka sarAhanIya kArya kiyA hai|" unhoMne kahA ki hamArA deza saMpradAya nirapekSa va paMtha nirapekSa to ho sakatA hai, lekina dharmanirapekSa kahanA galata hai| zrI balirAma bhagata jI ne isa avasara para kahA ki "jainadharma vizvadharma hai, mAnavadharma hai| isameM samasta prANiyoM ke kalyANa kI kAmanA kI gaI hai|" unhoMne kahA ki "yadi jaina siddhAMtoM ko AcaraNa meM utAra liyA jAe to yaha deza sudhara sakatA hai| Ajakala jaina samAja kA jo parva mahAna parva cala rahA hai, vaha dazalakSaNa parva Atmazuddhi kI bahuta AvazyakatA hai|" unhoMne kahA ki "pahale rAjanIti kA artha rASTrasevA hotA thA, lekina Aja rAjanIti apane mUla uddezya se bhaTaka gaI hai| aba usakA artha rASTra sevA na hokara svayaM kI sevA bana gayA hai| yaha gaurava kI bAta hai ki yaha puraskAra svataMtratA senAnI zrI pATodI ko diyA jA rahA hai|" sAhU azoka jaina ko yAda karate hue zrI bhagata ne kahA ki "sAhU-parivAra ne bihAra ke vikAsa meM avismaraNIya yogadAna diyA hai| bihAra ke Arthika vikAsa meM sAhU parivAra kA . tIsarA sthAna AtA hai|" samAjasevI ummedamala jaina pAMDayA ne kahA ki "pATodI jI ne samAja, vyApAra, rAjanIti Adi sabhI kAryoM meM kabhI bhI naitika mUlyoM ko nahIM chodd'aa|" samAjasevikA viduSI zrImatI sarayU daphtarI muMbaI ne kahA ki pATodI jI ne indaura ke nikaTa gommaTagiri tIrtha sthApita kara mahAna kArya kiyaa| unhoMne jo bhI kArya hAtha meM liyA pUrNa karake chodd'aa|" viziSTa atithi nyAyamUrti vijeMdra jaina ne isa puraskAra sthApanA kI sarAhanA karate hue kahA ki "AcAryazrI kI preraNA se aise hI aneka mahAna kArya saMpanna hue haiN| AcAryazrI ne utkRSTa sevA ko sadA protsAhita kiyA hai|" DaoN0 maMDana mizra ne kahA ki "sAhU-parivAra ne dharma, saMskRti, udyoga dvArA rASTra kI unnati meM mahAn yogadAna diyaa| sAhitya ke kSetra meM bhAratIya jJAnapITha kI sthApanA kara bhAratIya bhASAoM ko sarvocca sammAna diyaa| saMskRta ke vikAsa meM bhI unake yogadAna ko bhulAyA nahIM jA sktaa|" zrI pATodI ko paM0 jayakumAra jaina ne tilaka, cakreza jaina ne mAlyArpaNa kiyaa| sAhU rameza candra jI ne prazasti-patra kA vAcana kiyaa| samAroha ke saMcAlaka DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ne pATodI jI kA paricaya dete hue batAyA ki "zrI pATodI 25 varSa kI umra meM hI indaura ke meyara bane evaM 12 varSa vidhAyaka rhe| AcAryazrI kI preraNA se samAjasevA meM aae| bAvanagajA sahita kaI tIrthoM 40104 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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kA jIrNoddhAra karAyA, aneka samAjasevI, dhArmika va zikSaNa saMsthAyeM tathA aspatAla sthApita kie|" zrI pATodI ne puraskAra ke prati AbhAra vyakta karate hue kahA ki "AcAryazrI ne jainadharma ko jana-jana kA dharma banAkara mahAna kArya kiyA hai| unake sAnidhya meM rASTrIya stara ke sabhI kArya saphala hue haiN|" sAhU azoka jI ko aba taka kA sarvAdhika samarpita vyaktitva batAte hue unhoMne kahA ki "tIrtharAja zrI sammedazikhara jI para unake netRtva meM samAja ko jo saphalatA milI vaha svarNAkSaroM meM likhI jaaegii|" pATodI jI ne puraskAra meM milI eka lAkha rupae kI rAzi samAjasevA meM samarpita karane kI ghoSaNA kii| ____ bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina tIrtha kSetra kameTI ke adhyakSa sAhU ramezacaMdra jaina ne logoM ko samAjasevA kI preraNA dene ke lie sthApita isa puraskAra kI sarAhanA kii| unhoMne sAhU azoka jI ko adbhuta preraNAsrota batAte hue samasta samAja se tIrthoM ke saMrakSaNa evaM saMvarddhana hetu dAna kI apIla kii| __puraskAra samiti ke adhyakSa sukhamAla caMda jaina (bar3auta) va anya padAdhikAriyoM ne zrI pATodI ko mAlyArpaNa kiyaa| samAroha kA Ayojana prAcIna agravAla digaMbara jaina paMcAyata ne 'dazalakSaNa parva samAroha' ke aMtargata kiyaa| samAroha meM zrI pATodI jI ko rajata-tulA bhI bheMTa kI gyii| -saMpAdaka ** vidvatsamAja kI apUraNIya kSati jainasamAja ke jJAnavRddha evaM samAjasevI manISI vidvadvarya paM0 zyAmasundara lAla jI zAstrI, phirojAbAda (u0pra0) vAloM ne dinAMka 26 maI '99 ko 85 varSa kI Ayu meM dharmadhyAnapUrvaka yaha nazvara zarIra chor3a diyaa| __Apa bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina (dharmasaMrakSiNI) mahAsabhA ke mukhapatra jainagajaTa' ke pradhAna sampAdaka rhe| Apane lagabhaga cAlIsa varSoM taka pI0DI0 jaina iNTara kaoNleja phirojAbAda kA prabaMdha-kArya kuzalatApUrvaka nirvAha kiyaa| ApakI sudIrgha samAjasevA evaM dharmaprabhAvanA ko dRSTigata rakhate hue pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja kI sannidhi meM zrImahAvIra jI kSetra para hue sahasrAbdI samAroha meM gA~dhI nAthA raMgajI janamaMgala pratiSThAna', solApura (mahArASTra) dvArA 1997 ke eka lakSarupaye' rAzi ke 'AcArya kundakunda puraskAra' se sammAnita kiyA gayA thaa| aise vidyAnurAgI, samAjasevI manISI ko sugatigamana evaM bodhiprApti kI maMgalakAmanA ke sAtha 'prAkRtavidyA parivAra' kI ora se sAdara zraddhAJjali samarpita hai| -saMpAdaka ** ___suprasiddha jaina vidvAn evaM kavi paM0 kamala kumAra zAstrI 'kumuda', khuraI (ma0pra0) vAloM kA 15 agasta '99 ko 95veM varSa kI avasthA meM zAMta pariNAmapUrvaka dehAvasAna ho gayA hai| 'prAkRtavidyA parivAra' kI ora se sugatigamana evaM bodhilAbha kI maMgalakAmanA ke sAtha zraddhAsumana samarpita haiN| -saMpAdaka ** prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 00 105

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isa aMka ke lekhaka/lekhikAyeM ___ 1. bizambharanAtha pAMDe--Apa ur3IsA prAMta ke mahAmahima rAjyapAla rahe haiN| bhAratIya manISA ke Apa suvikhyAta hastAkSara rahe haiN| ApakI anekoM racanAyeM vizvavizruta rahIM, vizeSata: Apake dehAvasAna ke bAda prakAzita 'bhArata aura mAnava saMskRti' ke do bhAga Aja vidvajjagat meM carcita haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita Alekha jaina-saMskRti aura tIrthakara paraMparA' ApakI pustaka se uddhata hai| 2. DaoN0 rAjArAma jaina--Apa magadha vizvavidyAlaya meM prAkRta, apabhraMza ke prophesara pada se sevAnivRtta hokara zrI kundakunda bhAratI jaina zodha saMsthAna ke nidezaka haiN| anekoM mahattvapUrNa granthoM, pAThyapustakoM evaM zodha AlekhoM ke yazasvI lekhaka / isa aMka ke antargata prakAzita 'tisaTThi mahApurANa-purisa-AyAra-guNAlaMkAra' nAmaka zodha Alekha evaM kavitA ke lekhaka Apa haiN| sthAyI patA--mahAjana TolI naM0 2, ArA-802301 (bihAra) 3. DaoN0 vidyAvatI jaina--Apa magadha vizvavidyAlaya kI sevAnivRtta prophesara haiM tathA jaina-sAhitya evaM prAkRtabhASA kI acchI viduSI haiN| Apa pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina kI sahadharmiNI haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'apabhraMza ke Adya mahAkavi svayaMbhU evaM unake nArIpAtra' zIrSaka kavitA ApakA hai| sthAyI patA--mahAjana TolI naM0 2, ArA-802301 (bihAra) 4. DaoN0 rAjamala jaina--jaina saMskRti, itihAsa evaM purAtattva ke kSetra meM Apa eka jAne . mAne hastAkSara haiN| Apake dvArA likhe gaye anekoM pustakeM evaM lekha prakAzita haiN| sevAnivRtti ke bAda bhI nirantara adhyayana evaM lekhana ke sAtha-sAtha zodhapUrNa kAryoM meM nirata rahate haiN| ___ isa aMka meM prakAzita 'prAcIna bhArata pustaka meM jainadharma-saMbaMdhI katipaya vicAraNIya tathya' zIrSaka kA Alekha ApakI zodhapUrNa lekhanI se prasUta hai| sthAyI patA--bI-1/324, janakapurI, naI dillI-110058 5. prAcArya kundanalAla jaina--dillI ke jaina zAstrAgAroM ke sUcIkaraNa meM ApakA nAma vizeSata: ullekhanIya rahA hai| Apa acche gaveSI lekhaka haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'apabhraMza kI sarasa sazakta kRti : cUnaDIrAsaka' ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai| patA-68, zrutakuTI, yudhiSThira galI, vizvAsa nagara, zAhadarA, dillI-110032 6. DaoN0 premacaMda rAMvakA--Apa hindI-sAhitya ke suvijJa vidvAn haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita Alekha 'hamArI badrInAtha-yAtrA' Apake dvArA racita hai| sthAyI patA-1910, khejar3oM kA rAstA, jayapura-302003 (rAja0) 00 106 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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7. DaoN0 ramezacandra jaina--Apa jaina kAleja, bijanaura (u0pra0)' meM saMskRta evaM jainadarzana ke vibhAgAdhyakSa haiN| ___isa aMka meM prakAzita 'jinadharmaprabhAvaka AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI' zISeka Alekha Apake dvArA racita hai| sthAyI patA--jaina maMdira ke pAsa, bijanaura-246701 (u0pra0) 8. DaoN0 abhaya prakAza jaina--Apa zAsakIya sevA meM hote huye bhI bauddhika adhyavasAya ke kAryoM meM acchI ruci lete haiM tathA jainavidyA ke vividha kSetroM para ciMtana evaM lekhana kA kArya karate rahate haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'DaoN0 luDaviga alsaDorpha' zIrSaka lekha Apake dvArA likhita hai| sthAyI patA--ena0-14, cetakapurI, gvAliyara-474009 (ma0pra0) 9. DaoN0 sudIpa jaina zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI meM prAkRtabhASA vibhAga meM upAcArya (rIDara) evaM vibhAgAdhyakSa hone ke sAtha-sAtha prAkRtabhASA pAThyakrama ke saMyojaka bhI haiN| anekoM pustakoM ke lekhaka, smpaadk| prastuta patrikA ke 'mAnada sampAdaka' / isa aMka meM prakAzita sampAdakIya' ke atirikta 'AdibrahmA tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva' nAmaka Alekha Apake dvArA likhita haiN| sthAyI patA--bI-32, chattarapura eksaTeMzana, naMdA phArma ke pIche, naI dillI-110030 10. zrImatI raMjanA jaina--hindI sAhitya, jainadarzana evaM prAkRtabhASA kI viduSI lekhikA haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita Alekha 'ahiMsA : eka vizvadharma' zIrSaka Alekha Apake dvArA viracita hai| sthAyI patA--bI-32, chattarapura eksaTeMzana, naMdA phArma ke pIche, naI dillI-110030 00 prAkRtavidyA ke svatvAdhikArI evaM prakAzaka zrI surezacandra jaina, maMtrI, zrI kundakunda bhAratI, 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI-110067 dvArA prakAzita; evaM mudraka zrI mahendra kumAra jaina dvArA, pRthA oNphaseTsa prA0 li0, naI dillI-110028 para mudrita / bhArata sarakAra paMjIyana saMkhyA 48869/89 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99 00 107

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'sarvAsveha hi zuddhAsu jAtiSu dvijsttmaaH| zaurasenI samAzritya bhASA kAvyeSu yojayet / / -(nATyazAstra) / artha:-he zreSTha brAhmaNo ! sabhI zuddha jAtivAle logoM ke lie zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA kA Azraya lekara hI kAvyoM meM bhASA kA prayoga karanA caahiye| zaurasenI prAkRta __ "zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA kA kSetra kRSNa-sampradAya kA kSetra rahA hai| isI prAkRtabhASA meM prAcIna AbhIroM ke gItoM kI madhura abhivyaMjanA huI, jinameM sarvatra kRSNa kathApuruSa rahe haiM aura yaha paramparA brajabhASA-kAvyakAla taka akSuNNarUpa se pravAhita hotI A rahI hai| -DaoN0 surendranAtha dIkSita (bharata aura bhAratIya nATyakalA, pRSTha 75) ___"bhaktikAlIna hiMdI kAvya kI pramukha bhASA 'brajabhASA' hai| isake aneka kAraNa haiN| paramparA se yahA~ kI bolI zaurasenI madhyadeza' kI kAvya-bhASA rahI hai| brajabhASA Adhunika AryabhASAkAla meM usI zaurasenI kA rUpa thii| isameM sUradAsa jaise mahAn lokapriya kavi ne racanA kI aura vaha kRSNa-bhakti ke kendra 'braja' kI bolI thI, jisase yaha kRSNa-bhakti kI bhASA bana gii|" -vizvanAtha tripAThI (hiMdI sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa, pR0 18) "mathurA jaina AcAryoM kI pravRttiyoM kA pramukha kendra rahA hai, ataeva unakI racanAoM meM zaurasenI-pramukhatA AnA svAbhAvika hai| zvetAMbarIya AgamagranthoM kI ardhamAgadhI aura digambarIya AgamagranthoM kI zaurasenI meM yahI baDA antara kahA jA sakatA hai ki 'aSTa miAgadhI' meM racita AgamoM meM ekarUpatA nahIM dekhI jAtI, jabakI 'zaurasenI' meM racitabhASA kI ekarUpatA samagrabhAva se dRSTigocara hotI hai|" -DaoN0jagadIzacaMdra jaina (prAkRta sAhitya kA itihAsa, pR0 30-31) "prAkRta boliyoM meM bolacAla kI bhASAyeM vyavahAra meM lAI jAtI hai, unameM sabase prathama sthAna zaurasenI kA hai| jaisA ki usakA nAma svayaM batAtA hai, isa prAkRta ke mUla meM zUrasena ke mUla meM bolI jAnevAlI bhASA hai| isa zUrasena kI rAjadhAnI mathurA thii| -Ara. pizala (kamperiTiva grAmara oNpha prAkRta laiMgveja, praveza 30-31) prAkRtabhASA ke prayoktA _ "mathurA ke Asa-pAsa kA pradeza 'zUrasena' nAma se prasiddha thA aura usa deza kI bhASA zaurasenI' kahalAtI thii| ukta ullekha se isa bhASA kI prAcInatA ariSTanemi se bhI pUrvavartI kAla taka pahuMcatI hai|" - (maghavA zatAbdI mahotsava vyavasthA samiti, saradArazahara (rAja0) dvArA prakAzita saMskRta prAkRta vyAkaraNa evaM koza kI paramparA' nAmaka pustaka se sAbhAra uddhRta) 00 108 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '99

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With best compliments from : *** **** ***** ttttt ttttttt ****** ***** Att ** S.C.J. Plastics Ltd. F-3/10&11, OKHLA INDUSTRIAL AREA PHASE-I, NEW DELHI-110020 HOUSE OF PLASTIC QUALITY PRODUCTS * MASTERBATCHES FOR LD, HD, HM, PP, PVC FOR MA. JOR APPLICATIONS LIKE FILM, INJECTION & BELOW MOULDING, PP FIBERS, TELECOM CABLES & SHOES. * SPECIAL MASTERBATCHES FOR PS, HIPS, ABS & OTHER ENGG. PLASTICS. PROPERTY MASTERBATCHES INCLUDING ANTIFBRILATION & UV ABSORBANTS. K SPECIAL CABLE COMPOUNDS-FRLS & HALOGEN FREED FLAME RETARDENT ETC. (c): 6815566, 6819400, 6818181 FAX: 91-011-6814455 paraan mms-faldkope '99 00 109

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With Best Compliments from Siddharth Interiors INTERIOR DESIGNERS & FURNISHERS 25, Panscheel Park, Shopping Complex, New Delhi - 110017. Tel.: 6442075, 6460803 HIGH CLASS INTERIORS WITH DESIGN PACKAGE FOR RESIDENCES, OFFICES, FARM HOUSES, VILLAS ETC. mularyns-faqtet '99 OD 110

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FULL RANGE OF BAJAJ haalden yorg-fockare '99 SCOOTERS & MOTORCYCLES Ready Availability * All Models * All Colours * Easy Finance Schemes Contact Leading Authorised Bajaj Dealer : GAUTAM AUTO 00 111 * TILAK NAGAR : 4A/4, Najafgarh Road, Ph : 5455310, 5193386 OKHLA PHASE-IL : E-41/6, Indl. Area, Ph : 6841156, 6913284 R.K. PURAM : Ring Road, Ph : 4672197, 4673298 * RANA PRATAP BAGH : B-81, G.T. Karnal Road Indl. Area, Ph : 7113408, 7218240 (Gautam Motors) * JAGAT PURI CHOWK : 5-A, Radheypuri Road, Ph : 2214131 (Gautam Motors)

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OD 112 GAUTAM MOTORD MOTORS PVT. LTD. Authorised Dealer of Maruti Udyog Limited MARUTI Building Trust. Worldwide. ESTEEM MARUTI 800 ZEN * Full range of vehicles * Easy finance schemes * Fully automated modern workshop yraaifaen vars-fenkara '99 Contact at: - SHOWROOM : WORKSHOP: E-46/14, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase-II, B-225, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase-I, New Delhi - 110 020 New Delhi - 110 020 Tel : 6926460, 6927674, 6929081, 6841098 Tel : 6811497, 6811498, 6811499

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bhAva sanAtana aura sArvabhaumika hai-bhAvoM ko kevala vibhinna bhASAoM meM hI abhivyakta kiyA jAtA hai aura hamAre bhASAI vaividhya meM jo eka ullekhanIya tathya hai vaha hai-anya bhASAoM se lAye gaye zabda aura eka sahaja tatparatA se inakA hamArI bhASAoM meM ghula-mila jAnA, samAhita ho jAnA / yadi kisI bhI bhASA ko kAyama rahanA hai, phailanA hai aura phalanA-phUlanA hai, to vyApaka stara para pArasparika vyavahAra, AdAna-pradAna atyaMta mahattvapUrNa hai-abhI bahuta kucha hAsila kiyA jAnA hai| bhASA kI eka sAMjhI AtmA hai, ise jIvanta banAye rkhiye| navabhArata TAimsa prakAzana-samUha zubhakAmanAoM sahita

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(HTCA A re Tuften feu 48869/89) HORRO amori A treasure trove of shopping. A delight for the family with a sweep of tantalizing Readymades, Gifts, Novelties, Tempting Household Linen, Made-ups, Accessories Handicrafts, Watches and Jewellery. amorino TM PERFECT SHOPPING EIC HOUSE, HAUZ KHAS, AUROBINDO MARG, NEW DELHI-110016