Jaina Ethics

Author(s): Dayanand Bhargav
Publisher: Motilal Banarasidas

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Jaina Ethics of this praksti are sixteen, the five jñānendriyas, five karmendriyas, mind and the five elements. The seven prakstivikrti, mahattattva, ahankāra and five tanmätrās are also the effect of prakrti.1 Thus excepting puruşa, which is neither a cause nor an effect, praksti is the cause of every object in this world. The cause, according to Sārkhya, is not fundamentally different from effect. This is known as satkāryavāda. The Nyāya-vaiseșika system
The Nyāya-vaiseșika system believes that effect is basically different from the cause. This is known as ārambhavāda. The matter or praksti is not held to be one in Nyāyavaiseșika system. It is composed of atoms (parmāņu). The sixth part of a dust particle which is visible in the rays of sun coming from a ventilation is called a paramāņu. The combination of two such paramāņus, form one dvyaņu, three dvyanus form one trasareņuka and four trasareņukas form one catureņuka. It is only trasareņuka which can be perceived. It is from catureņukas that the creation proceeds. Thus Vaiseșika is a pluralistic system which holds that matter has its own independent existence. The Mimāṁsā system
As far as Pūrvamimāṁsā is concerned, many of the thinkers believe in paramāņuvāda but others do not. Even those who believe, differ from Vaiseșikas regarding its size. They believe that paramāņu can be perceived and the dust particles are visible in the rays of the sun..
I. Sänkhyakärikā, 3. 2. Sānkhyakārikā, 9.
Bahaduri, S. Studies in Nyāyavaiseşika, Metaphysics. Poona, 1947,
p. 82. 4. Ibid., pp. 76-81. 5. Afina 71934fcua qara: 1
ślokavārtika, Madras, 1940, p. 348. 6. जालरन्ध्रविसरद्रवितेजो जालभासुरपदार्थविशेषान् । अल्पकानिह पुनः परमाणून् कल्पयन्ति हि कुमारिलशिष्याः ।।
Mānameyodaya, Madras, 1933, p. 164.