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Jaina Ethics The five transgressions of this yow are as follows:
(1) Itvaräparigrhītāgamana : The word 'itvarā' has been explained as harlot or a kept woman, Asādhara calls this transgression by the name of itvarikāgamana, explaining 'itvarā' not merely as harlot but as any woman leading a disorderly life 3
(2) Aparigrhitāgamana : The word 'aparig!hita' has been explained as 'harlot', 'widow' or 'ownerless'. Both in the first and the second cases transgression of original vow of svadārasantoșa is involved.4
(3) Anangakrīdā : It includes use of artificial phalli, caressing the sexual organs to influence desire.5 Obviously, this goes againt the common standards of chastity and should be avoided.
(4) Kāmabhogativrābhilāşa : Literally, it means an excessive desire for sexual intercourse. It means that sexual passions even in relation to ones's own wife should not cross a limit. Siddhasena Ganin includes the use of artificial means for excessive sexual enjoyments under this transgression.
(5) Paravivāhakaraṇa : Here the word 'para' excludes one's own children which a householder has to get married not only as social obligation but also as a duty of saying them from going astray.? A householder, however, should not indulge in unnecessarily arranging marriages of others which may only indicate his excessive interest in sexual indulgence. The vow of non-possession
Aparigraha has been explained as mūrchhā' or the hallucination of possessions.s Amitagati says that every violence is committed for parigraha ;' therefore, a householder should constantly try to limit his activities for possessions.
1. Upasakadašānga, 1.48. 2. Ganin, Siddhasena on Tattvārthas ütra, 7.23. 3. Sagaradharmāmsta, 4.58. 4. Ganin, Siddhasena on Tattvārthasūtra, 7.23. 5. Ibid., 7.23 6. Ibid., 7.23. 7. Ibid., 7.23. 8. Daśavaikālika, 6.20, Also Tattvārthasūtra, 7.16. 9. Amitagatisrāvakācāra, 6.75.
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