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Penances
189
Cheda :
It means cut in the period of monkhood. It is prescribed for:
(i) leaving the samgha and roaming about alone. (ii) being loose in one's saintly character, (iii) failing to apologise for a fault. (iv) leaving the samgha without apologising for one's
faults. It may be noted that the period of cheda for an ācārya is thrice and for a learned monk twice the period for an ordinary monk.
(ii)
Müla :
It is meant for such faults as are too grave to be cured by cheda but not so strong as to merit parihāra (expulsion ). The monk is re-ordained in the samgha as a novice and loses his seniority completely. It is meant for(a) (i) losing the faith, conduct and principal vows,
non-observance of six essentials of a monk and ordaining a pregnant woman or an important person into sainthood. propounding teachings contrary to the faina
scriptures. (iii) leading the life of a false monk. (iv) adopting non-Jaina mode of living.
(v) committing sins against mūlagunas.3 Parihāra :
It means expulsion from the samgha. It is of two types-(1) anupasthāna or anupasthāpana and (2) pārañcika. Under first type of expulsion, a monk is allowed to remain in his own gana and has to respect ev He is to observe a fast in which he is allowed meals only
1. Pujyapāda on Tatträrthas ütra, 9.22. 2. Satkhandägama, 5.4.26. Vol. XIII. p. 62.
Also Anāgāradharmāmpta, 7-55. 3. Prāyaścittasamuccaya, 239-240 4. Pujyapäda on Tattvärthasūtra, 9.22.
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