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Jaina Ethics
ideal on which one concentrates. Here Subhacandra has given a detailed description of the qualities of arhants. 2
4. Rūpātita dhyāna
Rūpastha dhyāna implies concentration on embodied liberated souls, Arhants; whereas rūpātīta dhyāna implies concentration on disembodied liberated souls, Siddhas. Here Subhacandra gives a detailed description of Siddhas. 3 The fruits of dharma dhyāna :
The first signs of joga are non-sensuality, health, softheartedness, agreeable smell, scantiness of excretion, glory, blissfulness, and clarity of voice.4 Dharma dhyāna leads directly to heavenly pleasures and indirectly to liberation.5 Sukla dhyāna :
In dharmadhyāna, the consciousness of the distinction between subject and object of knowledge persists; whereas in sukladhyāna all conceptual thinking ceases gradually. Sukladhyāna is so-called, because it emerges when the filth of passions has been destroyed or has subsided.?
Sukla dhyāna is possible only for a person with a body of of the best order (vajravrşabha nārācasamhanana) and for one who has the knowledge of the eleven angas and fourteen pūrvas.8 Stage of Sukladhyāna :
With gradual disappearance of conceptual thinking, the sukladhyana has following four stages, the first two of which occur upto the twelfth gunasthāna and the last two only to an omniscient :
1. Prthakatva vitarkasavicāra
1. Jñānārņava. 39.32. 2. Ibid., 39.1-31. 3. Ibid., 40.22-31.
Ibid., 41,15 (1). Also cf. Svetāśvataropanisad. 2.13.
Ibid., 41.16-27. 6. Ibid., 42.4.
Ibid., 42.6. 8. Ibid., 42.5
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