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The Conduct of a Jaina Monk
157 small insects with its help while handling something or while himself making movements. The peacock-feather broom does not get soiled either with dust or with sweat, it is soft and non-injurious, tender and light.1
3. Saucopādhi-or means of purity. It includes a kamandala in which acitta water can be carried for the purpose of of bodily cleanliness.
The Acārāngas ūtra in the Svetāmbara tradition makes mention of four possessions of a monk : (1) Clothes (2) Alms-bowl (3) Blanket (4) Broom. The Mülasūtras are silent about the measurements etc. of these possessions. Chedas ūtra and Niryukti furnish us with these details. In post-canonical literature some new requisites for a monk were also allowed. To alms-bowl, for example, the following requisites were also added :
1. Pātrakabandha—a string to bind the pot. 3. Pātrakasthāpana-a base for the pot.
Gocchaka-a small broom to clean the pot. 4. Pátrakasarikā—-a small piece of cloth for cleaning the
pot. 5. Patala—a small piece of cloth to cover the pot. 6. Rajastrāna—a piece of cloth to wipe the pot.3
Besides, the monk can have : (1) a mukhavastrika to be tied over the mouth to prevent small insects from going in, (2) a staff (danda), (3) a bed-sheet, (4) an umbrella and (5) a piece of cloth to wipe the mud off one's feet in the rainy season.
These paraphernalia are called ogha or essentials. Besides, a list of what a monk may occasionally require is also given. These are called Uvaggahiya (aupagrāhika). Amongst others, they include (1) needle (2) razor (3) nail-cutter (4) earcleaner.6
The following list, taken from Byhatkalpasūtra, shows
3
1. Bhagavati Ārādhanā, 98 and Mülācāra, 10.19. 2. Acārāngasutra, 1.2.5-3. 3. Deo, S.B., History of Faina Monachism, pp. 269-271. 4. Ibid., pp. 273-277. 5. Nisitha, 1.15-38.
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