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The Path of Three Jewels
85
categories cannot be rightly ascertained without the help of Pramāņa and naya.
(3) Umāsvāti, who is followed by Amṛtacandrācārya and Nemicandra Siddhantacakravarti, defines samyagadarsana as belief in the seven predicaments of Jainism.1
(4) Samantabhadra defines samyagdars ina as a belief in true deities, true scriptures and true teachers as against the three follies of belief in pseudo-deva, pseudo-belief and pseudo-teacher. Samantabhadra also speaks of the eight essentials of right faith and the necessity of freedom from eight types of pride for a right believer.2
(5) Vasunandi in his Śrāvakācāra says that, in addition to belief in the seven predicaments, samyagdarsana includes belief in liberated soul and Jaina scriptures. Here Vasunandi follows Niyamasara of Kundakunda.
Transgressions and blemishes of samyagdarsana
The Tativārthasutra speaks of following five transgressions of samyagdarsana:
(i) Šankā (doubt)
(ii) Akankṣā (desire)
(iii) Vicikitsā (repulsion)
(iv) Anyadṛstipras aṁsā (admiration of followers of other
creeds)
(v) Anyadṛṣṭisamstava ( praise of followers of other creeds).4 The fourth transgression differs from the fifth in as much as the former means secretly thinking admiringly of wrong believers, whereas the latter means announcing the praise of wrong believers loudly.5
Banarasi Dāsa in his Naṭakasamayasara has given a different list of transgressions of right faith:
(i) Fear of public censure.
(ii) Attachment towards worldly pleasures.
I. Tattvärthas utra, 1.2.
2. Ratnakaraṇḍaśrävakācāra, Delhi, 1955, 4.
3. Vasunandiśravakācāra, 6.
4. Upasakadaśānga, 1.40.
Also Tattvarthasutra, 7.18.
5. Caritrasāra, Shri Mahaviraji, Vira Nir. Sam. 2488, p. 7.
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