Indian Antiquary Vol 45

Author(s): Richard Carnac Temple, Devadatta Ramkrishna Bhandarkar
Publisher: Swati Publications

Page 55

MARCH, 1916]
GAZETTEER GLEANINGS IN CENTRAL INDIA
47
(1403-1426), the Ming Emperor of China, whose suzerainty (1407-1412) had become too pronounced, and Chimp3 was left in peace for a while.
But in 1446 Le Thanh Tong (1435-1473) took the capital of the last Srijaya king, which had reverted to Panrang (Panduranga). On this there was anarchy in Champå until it was finally annexed by Annam in 1470, and the Chams became absorbed into the Annam 3ge, their last chief emigrating into Cambodia in 1820. Thus ended the interesting Hindu kingdom of Champi, the kings of which were important builders long before Angkor was heard of, and despite their miny troubles, kept up & stately rule at their home to the last.
The Le dynasty of Annam, founded by Le Loi in 1428, which had overthrown Champa, continued to reign at least nominally till 1801. But in 1540 the Nguyên family began to rule in their name at Hûe, while the Trinh family were doing the same thing in Tongking at Hanôi. In 1551 there commenced & struggle for supremacy between them, which was still going on in 1787, when the Nguyên ruler, Gialong, consluded a treaty with Louis XVI., and by the help of a French force established himself as king of all the country from Tongking to Cochin-China in 1801.
This victory, however, means in the end the passing of control over the whole of the Annamese kingdom and much more into the hands of the French. Gialong's successors did not follow his policy, and massacres of Christians from 1825 to 1858 led to the annexation of Saigon and Coshin-China in 1867. The tedious Tongking War (1873-1885) followed, and by 1885 Anam and Tongking bacame French, protectorates. Then came troubled days of guerilla warfare with the Black Flag pirates and outlaws, whose many devastations lasted from 1895 to 1891, when De Lanessan, as GovernorGeneral (1891-1894), restored pease in 1893 by the expedient of ruling through the native kinz. In the same year there were border troubles with Sian, which resulted in the addition (1893) of Luang Prabang to French Indo-China, and in the Mekong being made its western boundary in 1904.
The story of the French occupation of Annam is remarkable for the facts that the efforts of Jules Ferry (1893-1886) in bringing about the conquest of Indo-China caused the downfall of his Ministry ; that it was only by four votes in the French Parliament that the conquest was upheld, and that local jealousies stirred up by De Lanegsan in rendering European government possible in the couutry led to a sudden recall, reminiscent of the fate of Clive and Warren Hastings in India.
GAZETTEER GLEANINGS IN CENTRAL INDIA. BY MAJOR C. ECKFORD LUARD, M. A., I.A.
The Revolt of Khwaja Naik. A Ballad. The Marathi song given below was obtained in the Barwani State. This revolt took place during the Mutiny. Khwaja or Khâjiâ Naik was a resident of Sângir, a village on the Agra-Bombay road in the Shirpûr Taluka of Khandesh, about 17 miles from Shirpûr. Hy was in receipt of an allowance of a hundred rupees a month from the British Government at the time he revolted, and was incited thereto by stories of the Mutiny, and especially by the exploits of Tântiâ Topi. He induced two Bhils, Bhimâ and Mawasiâ, to join him. A letter to Råna Jaswait Singh of Barwânî, from Colonel H. M. Durand, then Resident at Indore, dated 26 August 1857, mentions that these men had