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276
TILAKAMANJARĪ OF DHANAPĀLA
Sukra has also referred to "Krauñcavyūha,' 'Syena vyūha, 'makaravyuha,' sūcimukha' Sarvatobhadra' and 'sakatavyūha."
Kautilya has referred to Danda, Pradara, Drdhaka, asahya, śyena, pratist ha and supratistha, samjaya, vijaya, sthūņākarņa, viśālavijaya, camūmukham jhaşāsya, sūcī, valaya, durjaya, Bhoga, gomūtrikā, sakața, makara, pāripatantaka, mandala, sarvatobhadra, asamhata, godhā, Kākapadi, karkataka sľngī, arista etc. as the various vyūhas or arrays of battle.?
'Niyogis' were 'bhrtyas.' 'Arikula' has already been defined as the group of enemies or circle of enemies. 'Parivarddhakas' are the horse riders. 'Sāmantas' are subsidiary vassals. 'Bāhyatantra' refers to the foreign political set up or the political set up of the foreign country. 'padātivịnda' is the pedestrians of the army. 'Senādhipa' is army in chief. Mahādandanāyaka a chief of a huge force. 'Sattrins' has been taken to mean secret agents by Kautilya.' 'Mūrdhābhişiktanrpatayah' were subsidiary vassals first uprooted and then reinstated or even those who were given to assume that office after being consecrated in order to keep their status intact but were subservient to the paramount sovereign after having been won over as the factitious allies and being stranger in themselves.
'Daivapuruşakāra' is the same as daiva mānuşam karma of Kautilya where he says. It is acts of human and divine agency that make the world
go.
Caturanga has been referred to in case of the game of chess being full of the structures of 'Trikas' and 'Catuskas'. Chess is a game which is played on the analogy of the constituent limbs of the army personnel consisting of pedestrians, chariots, elephants and horses. Sometimes the threefold array of the three constituents and sometimes all the constituents moving together afford cue to the crafty brains to go ahead with their battle arrays in the battlefield. Chess may, therefore, be the theory anticipating the practical aspect of warfare where caturanga consisting of “ सतुरङ्गरथमातङ्गपार्थिवं प्रतिपक्षम्... etc.'can be combated like wise by the same types of counter intrigues.
1 Sukranītih. IV 279-283 pp. 370-371. 2. KAS X 6. 8.39 pp. 242-243. 3. KAŚ I. 20. 3. p. 111. 11.1 p. 12., 1. 11. 18 p. 13, Vol. II p. 21, Vol. II p. 23. Vol. II p.
25. 4. KAŚ VI 2. 7. Vol. I p. 165. 5. KAŚ Vol II p. 368. 6. TM Vol. II p. 207.
