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Sumati-Jnāna establish the influence of horizontal tier pattern, of the Jain temples of the 12 century AD. Instead of conceiving the age-old soaring spires of curvilinear form, as in the case of temples at Bhuvaneswar and Puri, the kings preferred the pyramidal type, composed of horizontal tiers, restricting ornamentation of the plinth part only. The either ends of the lengthy horizontal bands, instead of leaving them plain, were treated with upturned projection - thus imparting oriental outlook. To break the monotomy of the tapering ones, the architects provided intervals at three places. These spaces accentuated the beauty of the pyramidal structure. Moreover, the Amalaka at the apex enhanced the beauty on the whole. This geometrical form developed in the 13th century, was not patronized and thus the tapering shapes went into oblivion. The horizontal tiers checked the percolation of water into the sanctum by being slanty. The Jain's simple triple shrined architecture that later assumed the form of five shrines did not last long. With the introduction of single sanctum prominence was given to Mahāvīra as the sole saviour of the universe. Thus, the Tīrthankaras were isolated. With the disappearance of Hindu Trinity of worship, the triple shrines lost their prominence. These changes have influenced the Jain architecture too.
REFERENCES 1. Dr. Srinivas P. Padigar (1999). "Some aspects of Jaina imagery in Karnataka", p. 39, National Seminar on Jainism - Souvenir (1999). 2. Longhurst A. H. (1911), Hampi Ruins. p. 96. 3. Dr. Rama Chandra Murthy P., "The Jain temples excavated at Gollotha Gudi", National Seminar on Jainism, Souvenir, p. 33. 4. Annual Report of the Department of Archaeology and Museums 1971-72, p. 4. (ARDAM) 5. Ibid, p. 4. 6. Ibid, p. 4. 7. Ibid, pp. 1-2. 8. Ibid, p. 4. 9. Ibid, 1972-73, p. 8. 10. Ibid, op citre, p. 8. 11. ARDAM 1971-72, p. 5. 12. Ibid, 1971-72, p. 11. 13. Ibid, 1972-73, p. 11. 14. Ibid, 1971-72, p. 6. 15. Ibid, 1971-73, pp. 11-12. 16. N. H. Sastry and A. A. Sayeed (1999), An appraisal of Jaina Bronzes in the collection of Sardar Patel Museum, Souvenir, National Seminar on Jainism, p. 18. 17. Sastry H. G. (1999), The Early Jain Epigraphs from Ahmadabad, Souvenir, National Seminar on Jainism, p. 34. 18. Sakuntala V. (1999), Chaumukha Sculptures in Andhra Pradesh, Souvenir, National Seminar on Jainism, p. 33. 19. Longhurst A.H., Hampi Ruins, A. S. I. Publication, p. 96. 20. Ibid, op. cit., p. 96. 21. Debala Mitra (1968), Konark, A. S. I. Publication, p. 6.
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