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72
DÎNÂ- MAÎNÔG-I KHIRAD.
12. The ninth, who believes and wishes to worship in every religion. 13. The tenth, who consumes anything which is received into his custody, and becomes an embezzler. 14. The eleventh is he who, through sinfulness, provides support for wickedness?. 15. The twelfth, who does no work, but eats unthankfully and unlawfully. 16. The thirteenth, who commits heresy (zandikih)2. 17. The fourteenth, who commits witchcraft. 18. The fifteenth, who commits apostasy (aharmôkih) 3. 19. The sixteenth, who commits demon-worship. 20. The seventeenth, who commits theft, or abetting (a vâgidih) of thieves. 21. The eighteenth, who commits promise-breaking. 22. The nineteenth, who commits maliciousness. 23. The twentieth, who commits oppression to make the things of others his own. 24. The twenty-first, who dis
1 L19 has 'falsehood.'
9 The term zandîk, according to Mas'alldî (chap. xxiv), was first applied to the Manicheans, and afterwards to all others who followed the commentary (zand) in preference to the Avesta; finally, however, the Arabs applied the term to the Persians, probably with its acquired meaning of 'heretic' or 'infidel.' A different explanation of the term is given in Pahl. Yas. LX, II, where it is stated that
Zand is the apostle of the wizards, and through and it is possible to perform witchcraft.' The Sanskrit version here adds, that is, he thinks well of Aharman and the demons;' and in PAro it continues thus : 'the atheist's religion, the wicked way that there is no creator, there is no heaven, there is no hell, there is no resurrection, and so on; such is the meaning.'
* From Av. ashemaogha, disturbing righteousness.' Nêr. adds in Sanskrit, that is, having thoroughly known the meaning of the Avesta, he becomes deceived.'
• As the verb in § 23 can apply, in Pahlavi, to any number of preceding sections, it is omitted by K43 in $$ 19-22. The verb is also omitted by K43 in $ 25 for a similar reason.
5 Or 'breach of contract.'
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