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CHAPTER XLVIII, 10-XLIX, 16.
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11. And water, fire 1, plant, and cattle germs are created for the increase of man germs.
12. "And the star Vanand 3 is intrusted with the passes and gates of Albürz 4; (13) so that the demons and witches and fiends may turn from those gates and passes, (14) that it may not be possible for them to cut off and break up the road and passage of the sun and moon and stars 6.
15. 'And the star Haptôk-ring, with 99,999 guardian spirits of the righteous ?, is intrusted with the gate and passage of hell %, (16) for the keeping
Reference is also made to all of them in Rashnu Yt. 29-31, 33, and to those of water germs in Vend. XXI, 33, Tîstar Yt. 39, 45, 46.
1 L19 has earth.'
? L19 has for the increase of men.' As both the Pahlavi and Pazand versions of $8 7-11 are complete and consistent in themselves, it is uncertain which of them gives the original text. The Pâzand corresponds more closely to certain passages in the Avesta, but a wish to produce such a correspondence may have led Nêryosang to alter the text. That the Pahlavi writer was thinking of some other passage, as yet unidentified, is evident from the omission of the star Satavês (which follows Tîstar in Sîr. 13) and from the details he gives concerning the others.
3 The southern leader of the stars and special opponent of the planet Adharmazd (Jupiter), which is perhaps best identified with Fomalhaut (see Bd. II, 7, V, 1). The Avesta mentions it in connection with Tîstar (Sîr. 13).
* See Chap. XLIV, 16 n.
6 Which are supposed to rise and set through openings or passes in the mountain range of Albûrs, which encircles the world (see Bd. V, 5).
6 Av. Haptôiringa, the northern leader of the stars and special opponent of the planet Vâhrâm (Mars), which corresponds to Ursa Major (see Bd. II, 7, V, 1). The Avesta mentions it, in connection with the other stars named in the text, in Sîr. 13.
? See Fravardin Yt. 6o. The number here mentioned is that generally used in the Avesta to express an indefinitely large number.
8 Which is supposed to be in the north, so that the circumpolar
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