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104
LAWS OF MANU.
III, 155.
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marries or kindles the sacred fire before the elder, one who neglects the five great sacrifices, an enemy of the Brâhmana race, an elder brother who marries or kindles the sacred fire after the younger, and one who belongs to a company or corporation,
155. An actor or singer, one who has broken the vow of studentship, one whose (only or first) wife is a Sadra female, the son of a remarried woman, a one-eyed man, and he in whose house a paramour of his wife (resides);
156. He who teaches for a stipulated fee and he who is taught on that condition, he who instructs Sadra pupils and he whose teacher is a Sudra, he who speaks rudely, the son of an adulteress, and the son of a widow,
157. He who forsakes his mother, his father, or a teacher without a (sufficient) reason, he who has
Kull., Râgh.), means according to Gov. 'one who forsakes the Vedas (and the rest),' according to Nâr. and Nand. one who does not recite the Veda privately,' or 'who has forgotten it.' Ganabhyantarah, one who belongs to a company or corporation,' i.e.
of men who live by one trade' (Medh., Gov., Nár.), is further explained by Nár. by 'the headman of a village,' or 'the leader of a caravan.' According to Kull. and Râgh. it means 'one who misappropriates the money of a corporation.'
155. Kusîlava, "an actor or singer,' is, as Medh. states, a very wide term, including all .bards, actors, jugglers, dancers, singers, and the like. Kull. wrongly understands by avakîrnin, one who has broken the vow of studentship,' an ascetic also who has become unchaste. Such an ascetic is called aradhapatita.
156. Vâgdushtah, one who speaks rudely,' means according to others,' quoted by Medh. and Kull., 'one who is accused of a great crime' (abhisasta).
157. According to Nâr. guroh,'a teacher,' denotes the âkârya alone. Medh. blames this explanation, and refers it to the subteacher. The same explains kundási, he who eats the food of the son of an adulteress,' by 'a glutton who eats sixty Palas of rice.'
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