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JUNA, 1915) SOME REMARKS ON THE CHRONOLOGY OF THE UPANISHADS.
131
Chronological data of the Maha narayana-Upanishad. The method propounded above has already to some extent been applied to the Mahanarayana-Upanishad, the results of the inquiry into the quotations from other texte, and into the thoughts which make up its contents, being published elsewhere. 11
In the following we proceed to examine the condition of metre in the same text. A further instalment may contain some remarks upon the grammar of the Upanishad and draw the final conclusion concerning its absolute and relative position in literary history.
The lines of the Mahanarayana-Upanishad 2 (MNU) belong either to the Irishubhjagati or the anushubh-gayatri family. The two types are to be examined separately.
1. The Lines of the Trishịubh-Jagati Family. There are to be considered about 50 pādas in all : 1. 1 abc, 2 c d, 3—6 ; 2. 3c; 10.5, 7; 13.2 : all the pádas of 16. 4 except d. 7 ; 17, 6: ware ; 22. 1
4', 747', '23. 1: ATTÀ. Ainong this number are not counted those lines which either without change, or in a corrupt state, have been taken from the Sanhitas, the Brahmayas, or the avowedly older Upanishads. The line 10.5 has been included, though it be also in Kaivalya-Upanishad 2 be, 3 ab, because there is good reason to believe that it has been taken from the MNU.13 Moreover we comprise in our list the line fragments of 11 or 12 syllables, scattered over khandas 13. 22. 23. Cases that, for some reason or another, appear doubtful have been omitted.
Now it is a well-known fact that the Vedic trishtubh-jagati line has, roughly speaking, 14 developed into the indravajra (upendravajra) and the varhíastha (indrarasna) of the classic15 period of literature. Their forms are :
- -- - trishtubh... ... ... ..
vurucu indravajra (upendravajrâ)
--
)
)! DINI
DDDDD)
jagati. ...
...
..
)
vamśastha (indravaṁsk)...
-
-
11 Die Quellen der Mahanarayana- panişad und dus rhalinis der verschiedenen Rezensionen zu einander von Dr. Robert Zimmermann. Leipzig 1913. (Berlin Dissertation).
12 The quotations in this essay refer to tho khand as and mantras of the Atharvana-Recension of the MNU., published by Col. G. A. Jacob. Bombay 1888. B. 8. S. XXXV.
u See "Die Quellen ..."p. 40 f.
24 For further information on the shape of Vedic and classic metres and the change of the former into the latter see: ZDMG. XXXV, p. 181 ff: Bemerkungen zur Theorie des Gloka, von H. Oldenberg ZDMG, XXXVII. p. 54 ff: Das alt indische Akhyana mit besonderer Rücksicht auf das Supardkhyana, by the same; ZDMG. XXXVIII p. 690 ff: Ueber die Entwicklung der indischen Metrik in nach:edischer Zeit, von Hermann Jacobi; Indische Studien, Vol. XVII, p. 442f8: Zur Lehre vom, sloka von Hormann Jacobi; Gurupajakaumudi, Leipzig 1896, p. 50 ff: Ueber den Sloka in Mahabharata, by the same; P 9 : Hermann Oldenborg, Zur Chronologie der indischen Metrik; Die Triubh-Jagats Familia. Ihre rhythmische Beschaffenheit und Entwicklung, von Dr. Richard Kühnau, Göttingen 1886, p. 27 ff.
95 In this essay we use the word "classic" instead of artificial" as a designation of the later non-vedic literature.
