________________
10. JAINA DOGMATICS AND MORAL AND SPIRITUÁL DISCIPLINE
255
Somadeva observes that just as the virility of a man, which cannot be perceived with the senses, can be ascertained from his relations with women, or the generation of children, or his fortitude in danger, or the execution of his designs ; similarly, the existence of the Jewel of Right Faith, although extremely subtle owing to its being a condition of the soul, may be inferred from the qualities of Prasama, Samvega, Anukampā and Astikya.'
Prasama is restraining the mind from passions and other evil tendencies. Samvega is fear caused by worldly existence, the source of all kinds of sufferings, and fleeting like a dream or a magic show. As Hemacandra observes in his Yogašāstra 2. 15, Samvega is man's longing for liberation. Anukampā is kindness to all creatures; it is the fundamental basis of dharma. Astikya is a believing attitude of the mind towards the Apta, the scriptures, the vows and the fundamental principles. Somadeva concludes by saying that long is the worldly bondage of the man who is subject to the fury of the passions, devoid of vows, cruel and unbelieving. It may be added that some writers mention another characteristic of Samyaktva, nirveda or indifference to the world.
b) Samyaktva may be of three kinds according as it is accompanied by the destruction of the karmas or their abatement or the process of partial abatement and destruction. Somadeva does not treat the topic in detail, but it may be noted that Samyaktva, viewed from this standpoint, is classified into kşāyika, aupasamika and kşayopasamika, the characteristics of which are explained in detail in Pūjyapāda's commentary on Tattvārthasūtra II. 3-5. Briefly speaking, Kşãyika Samyaktva is caused by the destruction of seven particular kinds of karma; Aupaśamika Samyaktva is caused by the mitigation of the four passions and the three kinds of darsanamoha; and Kşayopasa
yaktva is caused by the mitigation of the existing four passions and mithyātva and samyaktvamithyātva and the destruction of their germs.
c) Samyaktva may also be of ten kinds according to the sources from
lerived. These sources are äjñā, the command of the scriptures
1 'यथा हि पुरुषस्य पुरुषशक्तिरियमतीन्द्रियाप्यङ्गनाजनाङ्गसंभोगेनापत्योत्पादनेन च विपदि धैर्यावलम्बनेन वा प्रारब्ध
वस्तुनिर्वहणेन वा निश्चेतुं शक्यते, तथात्मस्वभावतयातिसूक्ष्मयत्नमपि सम्यक्त्वरत्नं प्रशामसंवेगानुकम्पास्तिक्यैरेकवाक्यैरा
कलयितुं शक्यम् ।' 2 यद्रागादिषु दोषेषु चित्तवृत्तिनिबर्हणम् । तं प्राहुः प्रशमं प्राशाः समस्त व्रतभूषणम् ॥ 3 TECHTEREO TITIT 19 I ENFISÉheure afta: Trgoya il P. 323. 4 सत्वे सर्वत्र चित्तस्य दयावं दयालवः धर्मस्य परमं मूलमनुकम्प प्रचक्षते ॥ 5 आप्ते श्रुते व्रते तत्त्वे चित्तमस्तित्वसंस्तुतम् । आस्तिक्यमास्तिकैरुक्तं मुक्तियुक्तिधरे नरे।। 6 रागरोषधरे नित्यं निम्रते निर्दयात्मनि । संसारो दीर्घसारः स्यानरे नास्तिकनीतिके। 7 Hemacandra (op. cit.) says: fet apa27747. 8 hoti guar: zira: apiaraaaa r i fear alezi ait hit wag P. 323.
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
