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10. JAINA DOGMATICS AND MORAL AND SPIRITUAL DISCIPLINE
actions, evil thoughts and abstention from the Avasyakas or obligatory duties' destroy the efficacy of the Proșadha vow.'
XIV) The third Sikṣavrata is the limitation of worldly enjoyment. Enjoyment is of two kinds. Food and other objects which can be used only once are called bhoga, and objects such as ornaments which can be used again and again are known as paribhoga. Both kinds of enjoyment should be kept within bounds to prevent 'mental obsession', and one should voluntarily practise abnegation when everything needed comes into one's possession.* Abnegation may be of two kinds, yama and niyama, the former being for life and the latter for a limited period." Flowers and vegetables containing various living organisms, e. g., onions, Ketaki and Nimba flowers, and Surana roots should be forsaken for life." One should also avoid ill-cooked and prohibited food as well as food that has come in contact with or got mixed up with living organisms, and food that has not been prepared under one's own supervision.'
XV) The fourth Šikṣāvrata is dana or charity. That which contributes towards one's own welfare and promotes the cultivation of the Three Jewels in others and brings relief to one's kinsmen as well as others is called dana. Some practise charity with a view to attaining bliss in the next world, others to get it in this world, and there are also,those who practise charity because it is proper to do so.10
Dana or charity is of four kinds, namely, gift of abhaya or protection, gift of food, gift of medicine and gift of sacred lore." Of these abhaya is the highest gift, and the wise should always give the first place to affording protection to all living creatures." Next comes the gift of food, and it is the duty of a householder to feed Jaina sadhus or holy men
1 (1) Sāmāyika, avoidance of sin leading to equanimity; (2) praise of the twenty-four Arhats; (3) Vandana, homage to those having the mula and uttara-gunas; (4) Pratikramana, repentance; (5) kayotsarga, cure of spiritual faults by meditation; (6) pratyakhyāna, determination to avoid sin.
2 अनवेक्षाप्रतिलेखनदुष्कर्मारम्भदुर्मनस्काराः । आवश्यकविरतियुताश्चतुर्थमेते विनिघ्नन्ति ॥
3 यः सकृत् सेव्यते भावः स भोगो भोजनादिकः । भूषादि परिभोगः स्यात् पौनःपुन्येन सेवनात् ॥
4 परिमाणं तयोः कुर्याच्चित्तव्याप्तिनिवृत्तये । प्राप्ते योग्ये च सर्वस्मिन्निच्छया नियमं भजेत् ॥
5 यमश्च नियमश्चेति द्वौ त्याज्ये वस्तुनि स्मृतौ । यावज्जीवं यमो ज्ञेयः सावधिर्नियमः स्मृतः ॥
6 पलाण्डुकेतकी निम्बसुमनः सूरणादिकम् । त्यजेदाजन्म तद्रूपबहुप्राणिसमाश्रयम् ॥ P. 403 Compare Ratnakaranda-śrāvakācāra III. 39: अल्पफलबहुविघातान्मूलकमार्द्राणि शृङ्गवेराणि । नवनीतनिम्बकुसुमं कैतकमित्येवमवहेयम् ॥
7 दुष्पकस्य निषिद्धस्य जन्तुसंबन्धमिश्रयोः । अवीक्षितस्य च प्राशस्तत्संख्याक्षतिकारणम् ॥
8 यथाविधि यथादेशं यथाद्रव्यं यथागमम् । यथापात्रं यथाकालं दानं देयं गृहाश्रमैः ॥ P. 403.
9
आत्मनः श्रेयसेऽन्येषां रत्नत्रयसमृद्धये । स्वपरानुग्रहायेत्थं यत् स्यात्तद्दानमिष्यते ॥
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10 परलोकधिया कश्चित् कश्चिदैहिकचेतसां । औचित्यमनसा कश्चित् सतां वित्तव्ययस्त्रिधा ॥
11 अभयाहार भैषज्यश्रुतभेदाच्चतुर्विधम् ।
12 अभयं सर्वसत्त्वानामादौ दद्यात् सुधीः सदा ।
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