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YAŠASTILAKA AND INDIAN CULTURE
which a Jaina layman ought to cultivate. They are vinaya, vaiyāvrtya, and bhakti. Vinaya is respect for one's teacher, fellow-student, and the community, and for the study of the scriptures and ideal of self-control. Vaiyāvrtya is efficient service rendered to the miserable and the sick. Bhakti is pure and sincere devotion to Jina, the Jaina scriptures, and Jaina religious teachers distinguished for their austerities and learning.
X) Somadeva next deals with the salient features of Jaina religious and moral discipline in detail. In Book VII he defines Vrata as the mainstay of Samyaktva, and it is of two kinds according as it is based on the Malaguņas and Uttaruguņas. The Mūlaguņus are eight, consisting as they do of abstention from wine, meat, honey and five kinds of fruits such as Udumbara Asvattha, Plakṣa and Nyagrodha, which are the breeding ground of various living organisms, visible and invisible. A number of stories is told to illustrate some of the milagunas, and it is asserted that flesh-eaters have no kindness, drunkards never speak the truth, and people who take honey and the Udumbara fruit feel no pity.
Drinking is condemned by saying that it is the root of all evils, since it completely deludes the mind, and is therefore the greatest of all sins, Owing to the loss of the power of discrimination men commit all kinds of sins, which lead to their wandering in the wilderness of worldly existence. It is well-known that wine was the cause of the ruin of the Yādavas, just as gambling was the cause of that of the Pandavas?. Somadeva records also a curious belief that some persons, after a long succession of births and rebirths, are in the course of time transformed into wine to delude the minds of men. The number of sentient beings transformed into a single drop of wine is large enough to fill the universe !
With regard to the prohibition of meat-eating, Somadeva wonders how people who seek their own welfare hope to increase their own flesh
1 Eee #FTEIR fot i qetai BACHRAT face yTETIETTII P. 316. 2 आधिव्याधिनिरुद्धस्य निरवद्येन कर्मणा । सौचित्यकरणं प्रोक्तं वैयावृत्यं विमुक्तये ॥ 3 जिने जिनागमे सूरौ तपःश्रुतपरायणे । सद्भावशुद्धिसंपन्नोऽनुरागो भक्तिरुच्यते ।। 4 HUHHYRINTI: HETSF7929r: 1 gera TCFTATUT Toyo: al P. 327. * * * * * * Bruta
# Thaanaafa I STATEN: TOTA: For: TAT : 1! P. 330, 5 मांसादिषु दया नास्ति न सत्यं मद्यपायिषु । आनृशंस्यं न मत्र्येषु मधूदुम्बरसेविषु ॥ 6 सर्वदोषोदयो मद्यान्महामोहकृतेर्मतेः । सर्वेषां पातकानां च पुर-सरतया स्थितम् ॥ हिताहितविमोहेन देहिनः किं न
9179TI: PARTITOR HURTI P. 327.
भयेन यादवा नष्टा नष्टा छुतेन पाण्डवाः । इति सर्वत्र लोकेऽस्मिन् सुप्रसिद्ध कथानकम् ।। 8 समपद्य विपद्येह देहिनोऽनेकशः किल । मधीभवन्ति कालेन मनोमोहाय देहिनाम् ।। मथैकबिन्दुसंपन्ना-प्राणिनः प्रचरन्ति
चेत् । पूरयेयुन संदेहं समस्तमपि विष्टपम् ।।
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