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groups. He has not noted the analogical stems ending in -cca- and his treatment requires some reconsideration of the interrelationship between the various form-types of the verbal system and of the forms that might have triggered the analogical process. Therafter K.F. Johansson acccepted and corroborated Jacobi's explanation in his paper 'Eine analoge Neubildung der verbalflexion im althnindischen und balt-slavischen', Kunh's Zeitschirft , 32, pp 434-513, especially pp. 446-450; 1893). But Pischel rejected outright this analogical explanation, saying it is 'ganz irrig' (completely erroneous), (Grammatik, 8535; also $8266,286 533 ff.). In this matter Pischel was quite evidently under the influence of the neogrammatical doctrine. Hence he tried to account for all 'irregular' forms under discussion simply on the basis of phonological change. The doctrine that 'the phonetic laws are universal and without exceptions' was dominant at that time. But M. Leumann criticised Pischel's stand on this issue and supported Jacobi's view in his contribution 'Zur stammbildung der verben im Indischen’, Indogermanische Forschungen, 57 (1940, pp. 205, 237, pp. 235,237).
Besides the above scholars, the analogically formed Prakrit past passive participles have been dealt with by R. L. Turner (1. Under various etymological notes in the Nepali Dictionary, 1939; 2. The Comparaive Dictionary of Indo-Aryan Languages, 1963, ff; 3. Some Problems of Sound Change in Indo-Aryan, 1960, pp. 34-37); by L.A. Schwartzschild (1. “Prakrit thakka-' tired', Indian Linguistics, Turner Jubilee Volume I, pp. 311-318; 2. * Middle Indo-Aryan Words in - 11-". Journal of the American Oriental Society, 73, 1957, pp. 203,207) and by the present writer (1. Discussion of the formation of the past passive participle ditta- in ‘Apabhramsa and Old Gujarati Studies-1, Bharatiya Vidyā XVII, 3-4, 1957, pp. 125-126; 2. Anušilano (in Gujarati), 1965, pp. 123-126; 132-134). Schwartzschild's papers are now available in Collected Articles of L.A. Schwarzschild on Indo-Aryan 1953-1979, ed. R. Wiles, 1991.
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