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68
SAMAYASARA
76. Material karmas are of various kinds. While in the process of knowing these, the knower neither manifests in, nor identifies with, nor causes the appearance of inodifications of alien substance.
COMMENTARY The Karmic modifications which are of various kinds are really the result of the manifestations of Karmic matter. Atma or Self because of its cetana nature cannot in any way be responsible for the Karmic modifications. These cannot be described as the result of manifestations of the Self. Nor can they be identified with Self; nor their appearances be taken to be the result of this causal agency of the Atmā. In short, the Self cannot be the causal agent or kartā of the various karmas. Thus the author emphasises that the relation between the knower and the object known is quite analogous to the relation between the light and the object illuminated. That is, the knower in the process of knowing the object does not transform himself into the nature of the object known. This refutes the idealistic theory of knowledge which maintains that the process of knowing creates the object known.
णवि परिणमदि ण गिर्हदि उप्पनदि ण परदवपज्जाए।
णाणी जाणंतो वि हु सगपरिणामं अणेयविहं ॥७७॥ navi parinamadi na gişhadi uppajjadi na paradavvapajjāye ņāņi jānasto vi hu sagapariņāmañ aneyavihaṁ (77)
नापि परिणमति न गृह्मात्युत्पद्यते न परद्रव्यपर्याये ।
ज्ञानी जानन्नपि खलु स्वकपरिणाममनेकविधम् ॥७७॥ 77. Modifications in the Self (as the result of Karmic influence) are of various kinds. While in the process of knowing these the knower neither manifests in, nor identifies with, nor causes the appearance of modifications of alien substance.
COMMENTARY The changes appearing in the consciousness of the empirical Self though different from the Karmic materials, are really produced by the Karmic influences, though indirectly. Hence the Pure Self cannot consider these psychical modes to be the direct manifestations of his own nature. They must be traced to alien influence and hence cannot be identified with the nature of the Pure Self, though he is aware of them as objects of knowledge.
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