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CHAPTER III
. COMMENTARY As the modifications of jīva operate as the instrumental cause, material particles get modified as Karmic molecules. Similarly when the material particles operate as instrumental cause, jīva undergoes modifications. Thus the modifications of jiva and the modifications of matter indirectly condition each other. The relation between the two groups cannot be interpreted as a sort of causal identity that holds good between an immanent ca use and its corresponding effect. Hence the relation between the two groups of modifications is not one of Kartā and Karma, agent and action, for instrumental cause is quite different from substaniive cause. Just as clay is the cause of a pot and cannot be the cause of a cloth, so jiva is the causal agent of all his modifications and matter is the causal agent of all its modifications.
Next it is pointed out that from the real point of view the Self is the Kartā (agent) producing its own modifications and bhokta (enjoyer) of its own states.
णिच्छयणयस्स एवं आदा अप्पाणमेव हि करेदि ।
वेदयदि पुणो तं चेव जाण अत्ता दु अत्ताणं ॥३॥ ņicchayaņayassa evam ādā appāņameva hi karedi vedayadi puno tam ceva jāna attā du attāņaí (83)
निश्चयनयस्यैवमात्मात्मानमेव हि करोति ।
वेदयते पुनस्तं चैव जानीहि आत्मा त्वात्मानम् ॥८३॥ 83. Thus from the real point of view the Self produces only his own Self. Again, know ye, that the Self enjoys his own Self.
COMMENTARY When wind blows over the surface of water in sea, it will produce waves on its surface, waves constituted by the rise and fall of water on the surface. These waves on the surface of water, though caused by the blow of wind are really modifications of the water surface and certainly are not of the air which produces it. Air is only the nimitta kāraņa of the waves, while water is the upādāņa kāraña. Hence it is the ocean surface that undergoes modifications in the form of waves though indirectly determined by the blow of wind. Similarly Karmic matter may
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