Nirgrantha-1

Author(s): M A Dhaky, Jitendra B Shah
Publisher: Shardaben Chimanbhai Educational Research Centre

Page 99

Govardhan Panchal
Nirgrantha
of various painful situations, with various devices for the union of lovers by atonement for improper acts :
संप्रयोगेरथेकान्तसुखपीयूषसिन्धुभिः । विप्रयोगेरपि तत्तदुःखावस्था निबन्धनैः ।। तत्ततत्संघटनोपायैरपाय परिहारतः । क्वाप्यभूत् स्मर साम्राज्यसंधिविग्रह कल्पनम् ॥
Sometimes even the sophisticated townsmen were made to laugh, like the villagers, by fat men, men with projecting teeth, lame men, hunchbacks, flat-nosed men, men with disheveled hair, bald men, one-eyed men, and other deformed men; by ash-coloured men; by men with buttock-bells, by musicians using arm-pit and the nose as instruments, by dancers of the ear and brow, by mimicary masters, by deceitful people, and at the same time simple-minded, such as the buffoons and the boon-companions :
विदूषकविटप्रायैः सद्यः कपटमुग्धकैः । ग्रामीणवदहास्यंतच्छेकाः पौरा अपि क्वचित् ॥
Even wicked men, softened by speeches off-stage, by reproaches to fate, by shedding tears, by unsuitable requests, by rolling on the ground, by lamentations, by leaps from precipices, by hanging from trees, by entering into fire and water, by swallowing poison, etc., by blows with weapons, by frequently beating on the heart caused by the destruction of wealth and murder of beloved, shed tears at times. Sometimes men, though quite self-possessed, were made to tremble (with anger) by biting the lips with the teeth, by redness of the eyes, by frowns, by palpitations of the cheeks, by rubbing together the fingers, by tearing up the ground, by drawing weapons, by drawing blood, by quick attacks, by fights, by blows, by trembling of the limbs, by shedding tears caused by kidnapping of women, the abuse of slave-girls, etc. Men, timid by nature, had courage produced at once by dignity, resoluteness, courage, skill, and by various other most excellent virtues, liberality, etc., originating from valour toward the enemy and in exertion in good conduct, etc. The people in the audience were sometimes reduced instantly to a state of terror by dryness of the palate, throat, and lips, by glances from rolling eyes, by trembling hands, hoarseness, change in colour and shedding tears, caused by seeing mainfestations of ghosts, etc., and by hearing sounds from them, etc. Sometimes the audience was exceedingly disgusted, instantly by contractions of the body, palpitations of the heart, screwing up of the nose and mouth, spitting, crushing of the lips and fingers etc., caused by seeing, hearing, etc. of bad smells, vomiting, and worms from wounds. Sometimes the audience was astonished suddenly by the wide-opening of the eyes, by glances without winking, by the appearance of perspiration, tears, horripilation, by exclamations of "well done," etc., caused by the sight of the supernatural, attainment of desires, exhibitions of magic etc. :