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JULY, 1893.]
TOPOGRAPHICAL LIST OF THE BRIRAT-SAMHITA.
185
Marukuchcha, or Murukuchcha, a people in Mêkala, a mountain, or a people, in the eastern
the north-west division, xiv. 23. There are division, xiv. 7; misc, ref., v. 39, 73; xvi. 2. the various readings of Marukachcha, Mêru, a mountain in the northern division, Murukuchcha, Murûku, Marûhaturukacha, xiv. 24; misc. ref., xxvii. 7. In his Sanskrit Bharukachha, Nuruka, Maru kastha, Puru- Dictionary Monier-Williams describes it as a kutsa, Gurukatsa, and Paramuch cha;' also fabulous mountain, regarded as the Olympus (Paraśara) Marukuchcha,' which is the form of Hindu mythology, and says that, when used by Kern in his text. The possibility not looked at from that point of view, it of Bharukachchha is excluded, by this town appears to mean the highland of Tartary, being allotted in xiv. 11 to the southern north of the Himalayas. It is mentioned in division : nor can Maru and Kachchha be incriptions as Mêru (Gupta Inscriptions, intended; since they are allotted respectively pp. 77, 163), and as Samoru (id. pp. 86, 147, to the middle country, xiv. 2, and the south- 278); and in two of the latter passages ern division, xiv. 16. In iv. 22, misc. ref., it is spoken of as one of the breasts of the where the various readings are Tarukachla, earth (the other being the mountain Kailasa), and Maruvachha, Kern gives Maru-Kachchha and as the abode of the god Indra. in the text; but in the translation he rectifies Mêruka, a people, country, or mountain, in this, and adopts Marukuchcha; and he adds the north-east division, xiv. 29. But there the note -"the Marukuchchas, or Muru- does not seem any other authority for the kuchchas, were & people in the modern namo. And the text, Mérukanashtarajya, Kaferistan, or thereabouts."
suggests to me just the possibility of the Matanga, a (?) place where diamonds are original reading being Méru-Kanishkarájya. found, lxxx. 7.
milky ocean (kshir-oda), in the eastern diviMathurî, a city; misc. ref., iv. 26; xvi. 17, 21. sion, xiv. 6.
It is the so-called 'Muttra' in the North- mines, the (akara), a place in the southern West Provinces. See also Mathuraka. division, supposed by Kern to be the modern Mathuraka, the inhabitants of Mathura, q. v., 1 Kbândesh, xiv. 12 ; see Akara ; '-mines of in the middle country, xiv. 3.
beryl-stone, (vaidúrya), in the southern Matrishika (?), a people (?); misc. ref., xvi. division, xiv. 14.
11. In his text Kern gives the reading Mithila, a country in the eastern division, xiv. 48 sa-Mantrishikáh; and notes the various 6; misc. ref., . 14. readings of sa-dlamtrisikhah, -Matriskikáh, Mléchchha, a people, characterised as lawless,' - Mahishakdh, -Párasíkáh, and - Mamyushikáh. or without moral customs' (nirmaryáda), In his translation he gives - Matrishika ; in the western division, xiv. 21 ; misc. ref., and adds the pote - "perhaps an error of v. 79; ix. 13; xvi. 11, 35; xvi. 14, 16, 20; the copyists, or of the copies of some works - the Yavanas spoken of as Mlêchchhas consulted by the author, for sah-Atry- (Mléchchhá hi Yavanáh), ii. 15. Kern transRishikah," with Atri's hermitage and the slates Mléchchha in ii. 15, by “foreigners ;" Rishikas;" ch. xix. 14 and 15." I think it and in the other paysages by "barbarians." very likely that the intended reading was In xiv. 21 the translation is "all the lawless sa-Máhishakdh, which would give another hordes of barbarians living in the west" form of the name of the people of Mahisha, (nirmaryádá Mléchchhá yé paschima-dik-sthi
tás té cha). Albêrûni says, “Mlêchchha, i. e. Matsya, a people in the middle country, xiv. the Arabs." There is a passage in the
2; misc. ref., v. 37, 38; ix. 18; xvi. 22; Vishnu-Purána (Book IV. chap. III. ; xvii. 22; xxxii, 11 ; - the lord of the Wilson's Translation, Vol. III. p. 294 f.), Matsyas (Matsy-adhipatt), iv. 24.
which seems worth quoting here; it tells us Maulika, a people in the south-east division, that Sagara “made the Yavanas shave their
xiv. 8; but perhaps the correct reading is heads entirely; the Sakas he compelled to Saulika. See also Malika.'
shave (the upper) half of their heads; the Måghavat, a mountain in the western division, Paradas wore their hair long; and the xiv. 20.
Pahlavas let their beards grow; in obedience
