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Sec. VIIB] STUDIES IN THE BHAGAWATI SÜTRA Seņiya-Bimbisāra to his younger sons, Halla and Behalla as a gift together with a necklace of eighteen strings of pearls, was one of the causes of these two long-drawn devastating wars between Magadha and the Vaišalian confederacy.
A similar account of the cause of war is given by Uttarā. dlyayana Tīkāl in which it is stated that a war took place between Nami and Caņdajasa on their respective claim over an elephant.
There are also references to the names of famous elephants recorded in other Jaina texts, e.g. Nalagiri of king Pajjoya' and Bhadrāvatī of king Udayana who eloped away Väsa vadattā, the daughter of the former, from Ujjeni to Kausāmbi, and l'ijaya, the scent-elephant (gandhahatthi) of Kaņbavāsudeva.'
The Arthaśāstra also attached a great importance to the elephant force by giving a warning thus “whoever kills an elephant shall be put to death.""
These and numerous other evidences from Brahmaņical and other sources clearly show that the Indian kings of the ancient period largely depended on elephant force.
Chariot
The chariot force occupied the third place in the order of the organization of the army. The BiS refers to two types of chariots, viz. war-chariots and ordinary transport-chariots, Warchariots were used for various purposes, such as, carrying arms and amunitions, food, quivers containing arrows, armours, helmets, bows and other weapons," while transport chariots were driven by princes and nobles on their journeys from one place to
1 Uttarādhyayana sikā, 9, p. 104 f. ?īvasyaka Cūrns, ll. p. 160. 9 Avasyaka Cúrni, pp. 161f. 4 Nāyādhammakahao, 5, p. 70. 6 Arthaśāstra, 50 (p. 49),
Anu. Ti., p. 146 ; Arthasistra refers to six kinds of chariots viz. "Devaratha (chariot for imaged god), Pusparatha (festal car), Sangräma ratha (war-chariot), Pariyanika (transport-chariot), Starapurcbhiyānika, Venayika (training
chariot). 7 Ovõiya Sutta 31, p. 132; Āva. Cū, p. 188; Rūmā. III, 22, 13 ff;
Moh. V. 94, 18 ff.
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