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420
STUDIES IN THE BHAGAWATI SUTRA
[Ch. VII stage of self-control) is called the Samayika-Samyata; he who establishes the self in Pancayama-Dharma (five fold-religion) by cutting off the previous old state is the ChedopasthapanikaSamyata; he who, observing pure best Pañcayama-Dharma by mental, vocal and physical activities, renounces all things and observes particular types of austerities, is the PariharaviśuddhikaSamyata; he who, experiencing only Suksma kasaya (i. c. subtle greed) exists in Upasamika or Kṣapaka Sreni (the state of suppression or destruction of deluding karma) is known as the Suksmasamparaya-Samyata (i. e. a little below the stage of Yathakhyata) and a Chadmastha or a Kevali who exists, having his Mohaniyakarma suppressed (in the case of the former) and annihilated is Yathakhyata Samyata.
These five classes of Samyatas are further sub-divided into different groups according to various aspects. Thus the Samayika-Samyatas are classified into two divisions from the point of view of time, viz. Itwarika (temporary) and Yavat-kathika (permanantly for life) self-controlled and the Chedopasthapanika-Samyata into two, vjz. Saticara and Niraticara the first is endowed with conduct with the transgression of moral laws of self-control, and the second is possessed of conduct without break and transgression of self-control. The Parihara-Visuddhika Samyatas are divided into two groups, viz. Nirvisamanaka (Practiser of special types of austerities mainly consisting of fasting spread over a long time), and Nirvistakayika (attendant on the former). This austerity is observed by groups of monks. A group of nine monks observes this austerity-one of them being the head and the other eight divided into two sub-groups. The four monks of one of these two groups serving as attendants to the rest. The attendants are called Nirvista-Kayikas and others are known as Nirvišamānakas. The Suksma-samparāyika-Saṁyatas are divided into Samklisyamanaka and Visuddhamanaka (i.e. one who is falling back down the ladder of suppression-Upasama-Sreni) and one
* Ib, 25, 7, 788.
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