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Sec. IV]
STUDIES IN THE BHAGAWATI SUTRA
417
without any intention, (which is) navakoți-parisuddha (pure from the points of nine acts of preparing food, i.e. (1) to kill, (2) to cause to kill (3) to approve killing, (4) to cook, (5) to make cook, (6) to approve to cook, (7) to buy, (8) to make buy, (9) to support purchasing food, (which is) free from ten faults (i.e. doubt (or fear, etc.), pure in udgama (origin) or production (adhakarmādi), utpādana (the act of producing), esaņā (pindavisuddhi= purity of meal), and also free from the faults of angāra (in. fatuation), dhūmra (hatred and anger) and savyojana (mixing), (which is) offered without making sound, haste, and delay and leaving any portion of it-that is called susirātīta, sastra parināmita, exitu, vesita and samudānika-pānabhojana.?
Besides these, it is not proper for a Šramana-Nirgrantha to take adhākarmika lood (which is prepared for another monk), uddesaka (which is intended for), or misrajāta (mixed), or adhyavapūraka (more food prepared for monk beforehand), or pūjita (worshipped), or Icrita (purchased), or a pamitya (loaned food), acchidya (forcibly taken food from someone), or anisșśţa (unassented to) i. e, alms whose owners are many persons and which is not given with the consent of all, or abhihịta (brought in front or before), or kāntārabhaktı (food prepared in forest), or durbhikṣabhukta (food prepared in famine time), or glānabhakta (patient's dict), or vārddalikabhakta (food prepared during the rain), or sayyātarapinda (meal given by the owner of upāśraya), or rājapiņda (meal given by the king), or mūlubhojana (taking of root), or kandabhojana (taking of tuberous root), or phalabhojana (taking of fruit), or vījabhojana (taking seed), or havyabhojana (taking of clarified butter).'
FOURTH SECTION Classification of Sramaņa-Nirgrantha Monks
The Bhs classifies the Sramana-Nirgrantha monks into five categories on the basis of their knowledge, conduct, and
2 I6, 9, 33, 384.
1 Bhs, 7, 1,269.
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