Sambodhi

Author(s): Dalsukh Malvania, H C Bhayani, Nagin J Shah
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad

Page 61

The Main features of Mahavira's contributions
began to speak of a person committing a karma (karma karoti) or a person being touched by a karma (karamanā sprstah). Lastly, the search was made for an active voice usage expressing the same idea as 'karmaṇā sprstab', and the phrase "karma badhpāti' (binds down a karma) was the outcome."
Now certain vestages of this primitive belief in vaira are clearly recognized in the Acara I-Sūtrakrta 1. The term vaira (vera in Prākst) occurs several times in these texts, of which the following sentences relevant to violence make the best sense if the term vaira is understood in the sense of the efficacy of retribution.
Ācāra I. 3. 2. 181 avi se hāsam-asajja, bamtā ņamdīti mannati/alam bā.
lassa samgeņam veram vaddhati appaņo Sūtrakrta 1. 1. 1. 3 sayam tivāyae pāņe aduva'n nebi ghāyael hanaotam va'
nujāņāi veram vaddhei appano
1. 10. 489 pudho ya chandā iha māņavā u kiriyakiriyam ca pud.
ho ya yāyam/jāyassa bālassa pakuvya deham pavaddhai
veram-asamjayassa. I. 10. 493 sambujjhamāņe u nare maimam pāvāu appāņa niva
ttaejjā/ himsa-ppasāyāim duhaim mattā verānubandhīņi mahābhayāņi. The word vaira frequently occurring in the earliest Buddhist texts (e. g. Suttanipåta, Dhammapada, Udāna, Itivuttaka, etc.) is employed in the normal sense of hostility as in the cases of Acara I, 3.1. 168, Sütrakrta I. 8. 417 and 1. 10. 481.
The words srota and īsrava are again commonly shared by these early Buddhist and Jaina texts. Buddhists use the word srota in the sense of the stream of taint or kleša and the word asra in the sense or kaşāya for instance, in the Acara I. 3. 2. 191-92. Ādana srota (current of parigraha) is mentioned in the Acara I. 4. 4. 257 and 260. and ādāna srota and atipāta srotas (current of ārambha) in the Ācāra 1. 9. 1. 476. Then occurs a peculiar Jaina usage of srota in the sense of upward current, downward current in the Acāra I. 5. 6. 327-29 as follows :
uddham sotā, ahe sotā, tiriyam sotā viyāhiyā, ete soyā viyakkhāyā, jchim samgam-ti pāsahā/327/āvattam tu uvehãe, ettha viramijja puy