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Michihiko Yajima
Semantically very unique and rare, even exceptional, as far as Jaina and Buddhist canonical texts are concerned.
Moreover, it becomes doubtful when we compare the line with the following verse quoted from Pali AN, which has not been pointed out by Schubring as parallel though it is obvious :
nârati sahati dhiram na rati 18 dhiram sahati dhiro ca aratim sahati 19 dhiro hi aratimsaho.
(AN II.28) The main difference between the first line of this verse and the line of Āy. is seen in the structure of the sentences; for what is subject or object is contrary to each other. It can be said that this simply causes the difference of the meanings of the verb sah ("to tolerate", "zu dulden” in Āy, while "to conquer, overcome" in AN). But, when we take into consideration the sources shown above, it seems clear that the structure of the line of AN, where the verb is used in the sense of "to conquer, overcome,” is more authentic. We can guess easily that the original form of the line of Āy. had been just like the Buddhist one, as far as the structure is concerned, and later, the line became corrupted, or otherwise, was changed, possibly because of the loss of its latter portion where it must have been said that not arai and rai, but the hero conquers or defeats them instead.
If the whole idea of the original verse had not been given due to the loss of its latter half and if Vedic v sah had already been out of use and any other example clearly showing the meaning of the verb to be “to conquer, overcome,” etc., had not been available in the canons, 20 ii seems natural that either the line was interpreted in different way or the then already corrupted line was adopted as it was, by adding a new line; jamha avimane vīre, tamhā vīre na rajjai which would approve the meaning of the verb sah with indeclinable na to be “not to tolerate" or "nicht zu dulden".
Some manuscripts of Schubring have rai instead of raim and a manuscript has the word dhira, in the place of vīra, Are they remnants of the original verse ?21
Abbreviations :
Sā: Suttāgame (2 vols., new Sthanakvasi ed., Gurgaon 1954) Anta: Antagadadasão (in Sā) Aup: Aupa-pātika-sutra (ed. by E. Leumann, Leipzig 1883) Āy : Āyāranga-sutta (or Acāranga-sūtra, ed. by W. Schubring, Leipzing 1910) Dasa : Dasaveyā liya ed. by E. Leumann and trsl. by
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