Makaranda Madhukar Anand Mahendale Festshrift

Author(s): M A Dhaky, Jitendra B Shah
Publisher: Shardaben Chimanbhai Educational Research Centre

Page 106

Vivaksǎ in Käsikävṛtti: Jayaditya and Vamana
elucidations given in the debates on examples and counter-examples. Thus the vṛtti explains under 1. 4. 42 what the sädhakatamam karaṇam of the sūtra is, paraphrasing it with kriyäsiddhau yatprakṛṣṭopakārakam vivakṣitam, 'what one wants to express as the preeminent means for carrying out the action'; under 1. 4. 54 it describes the svatantraḥ kartā as kriyāsiddhau svätantryena vivaksyate, 'what one wants to express as independent in the carrying out of the action."
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In these expressions, individual judgement and taste seem to be emerging. It is in the eye of the individual that in the course of an action something seems to assume the prominent role of a means, karana, like the sickle used to cut grass or the axe used to cut wood, and one wants to coherently express the carrying out of the action. It is once again the individual who bestows independence of action on a person and now expresses himself with devadattaḥ pacati, 'Devadatta cooks', and then gives the pot the role of Devadatta because he sees it as the agent and therefore expressed himself with sthāli pacati, 'the pot cooks.'
It is however certain that what the speaker wants to express according to his own individual feeling must then be expressed grammatically to be correct and understandable. The means must be expressed with the instrumental and the agent, however singled out, becomes the grammatical subject.
Sūtra 4. 3. 163, phale luk, prescribes that, when dealing with the fruit, affixes indicating 'product or part' undergo luk and are thus elided. The vṛtti glosses phale of the sutra with phale ...vivakṣite, 'when one wants to express the fruit,' and gives as the first example ämalakam (the fruit of the Emblic Myrobalan), in which the affix mayat prescribed by 4. 3. 144 is dropped. Phale vivaksite of the vṛtti is the same as phale'bhidheye, which in fact substitutes it under 4. 3. 166: here the individuality contained in the desire to express oneself in one's own way is lost and is replaced by the meaning of 'what the speakers have to express', and want to express, to communicate correctly, according to rules.
In the vṛtti to the section under tasyapatyam (4. 1. 92), the expressions of the sutras, gotre (4. 1. 93), yuni (4. 1. 94), are amplified and explained