Makaranda Madhukar Anand Mahendale Festshrift

Author(s): M A Dhaky, Jitendra B Shah
Publisher: Shardaben Chimanbhai Educational Research Centre

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Siegfried Lienhard
Makaranda
(and) flying through the sky. As H. von Stietencron 1972, p. 8f. has shown, the cloud horse is closely connected with the folk cult of yaksas. Yaksas and yakṣis have as their mount (vāhana) a water or cloud horse, a normal horse or an animal half horse and half fish. Horses with magical powers also occur elsewhere in Indian literature. The steed Indrayudha in Bana's Sanskrit novel Kadambari, for example, a present given by king Täräpida to his son, Candrapida, is a magical wonder horse, as is a horse named Manojava in Subandhu's story Vāsavadattā.
4. Both the Karandavyuha and the Gunakaraṇḍavyuha provide the reader only with the information that the witches are without husbands (Guṇak.: asvāmika), whereas the Newārī tradition represents the beautiful ladies not as widows at all but as young girls still unlearned in the ways of love.
5. Jātakatthavanṇanā no. 96. Text edition by V. Fausbll 1877 (reprint 1962), I, pp. 393ff. Translations in E. B. Cowell 1895 (reprint 1981), 1, pp. 232ff. 6. Pāli Takkasilā.
7. The term used in the Pāli text is yakkhini (Skt. yakṣiņi). Whereas most versions have the adventures of the hero transpiring in Ceylon, in that of the Telapattajataka the witches' mischief runs its course in or near Gandhāra in the extreme northwest of ancient India. The folk tradition of Nepal, in contrast, shifts the scene of action to Tibet.
8. Chapters VI and VII: W. Geiger 1958, pp. 56 69 and W. Geiger 1980 (translation), pp. 51 - 61.
9. Chapter IX: H. Oldenberg 1879, pp. 54 57 (Pāli text) and pp. 160 -163 (translation).
10. I. e. lion-armed'. In the Newäri tradition the hero of the Simha (la) legend is often called Simhalasārthabaha. This name, however, is hardly understood any longer by the youngest generations in its meaning 'Simhala, the caravan leader', but usually-in its entirety-taken as the personal name for the short form Simhala, appearing in Newārī usage often in the slightly corrupted form Simhalasärthabahu.