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JULY, 1882.]
CONTRIBUTIONS TO SINHALESE GRAMMAR.
201
Most of these nasals were never reinstalled Prâkr. dahina = dakshina, seha = saiksha, samin their places, so that the greater part of the pehei= samprekshate, pehuna, suhuna; but the examples mentioned have still got the same corresponding Pali forms, sekha, apekha, pekhuna, shape at the present day (pas = pancha; hatalis sukhuma-show us that this has not passed =chatalisa; wisi=virisati; aetula = ata!); through 8. In Simhalese the transition is from ksh but later on, the inclination of the language to chh, s, and finally to h, or to k direct, as kh does totally changed and was very much in favour of not exist ; in Jaina Prakrit it passes to kh and h, a nexus; in that way, not only were nasals or to chl, which is not subject to any more transinserted before single consonants to form a formation (see E.M. J. P. p. 9, 40). group, but consonants also after nasals to sup- Simhalese sanda = kshana corresponds to port them (see below). Of the first process we Jaina Prakrit chhana; Sinh. dakunu to J. P. find analogies in Påli, Prakrit and Gipsy, but dahina, &o. Sometimes we find both forms of the second seems to be a peculiarity of the the same word in Simhalese, as for instance pas Sinhalese. So also is the change of the aspi- = paksha, Amb. A. 14, but pak, Amb. A. 4, rates, especially of dh to j, for the change of wak, Amb. A. 45, 58. chh to 8 we find an analogy in Prakrit pus= For the change of ; to d we find an analogy prońchh, Hala, Hem. IV, 105, Simbalese pihinawa, in PAli, Magadhi, and Jaina Prak. (see below), in Gipsy,-(Mikl. Beiträge sur kenntniss der and the change of ch to d passing through j, as Zigeuner mundarten, I, II, 17,) and commonly in can be proved by the form ja for cha (at present Markthi (Beames, I, 218). Of the change of ch ad), which occurs frequently in ancient inscripto s I can only adduceone example, viz. pansdswd - tions, for instance at Kaikê wa: Wadhachetahata 8a (85th year) in the inscription of king Aira ja bikasagahata ja dina (Rep. II, p. 3). Mahámeghavahana at Khandagiri, Cunn. I. 98. Here may be added some instances of concord
Another peculiarity of the Sinhalese is the ance between Simhalese and the Indian Verfurther change of ksh, ch and chh to h after it has
naculars (including Gipsy) different from passed throughs. Ksh is also changed to hin Jaina Sanskrit :Sinhalese.
Indian Vernaculars. 1 adiya=ańhri, a foot, footstep, edi føet. Bat. H. G. edi, P. eda M. id, B. edi, ' heel' (Beames I, 134).
Comm. to Gutt 60. 2 kakiyanawd ...
H. kasakand (Beames II, 31). 3 kapanard. ... ... ... ... ... H. kdpanem. 4 geriyd
H. guru, Gipsy guruv, guri, Mar. gurún cow,
bullock or buffalo. 5 goda (Jainapr. gadda, Bhag. 216) Hem. I, 35. H. gada, Beames I, 336; Mahår. gadda, Hem. 6 jita (J.P. dhủyd, Hem. II, 126)...
B.jhi or jhia (Beames I, 192). 7 çika, ţikiri ... .. ... ... . ... H. tuka, & piece, etc. (Beames II, 120). 8 dada = tiryak ...
H. tedha, M. tedd crooked,' Beames I, 350. 9 bada (S. M. B. 18)... ... ... ... ... peta, etc. from pinda, (comp. Mrichchh. 112). 10 watura ...
badala (Beames I, 145). 11 vela ...
PÅli divaddha, diyaddha, Prakrit, divaddha (Beames
I, 237). 12 hanawa 'to plough,' hasa 'agriculture'=&asya, Be. Or. chdea (Beames I, 210).
PAli, 8a88a Amb. A, 36. saskara, haskara
cultivator. 13 kalambanawd to stir, to agitate, kalatanawd to Prakrit, kallavida, Muir. II, 29, comp. Skt. kalila,
agitate, to stir about water, Gutt. 407, 432, 442. kalusha (akula). 14 malu 'fish' ... ...
Hindi machchhli, Muir II, 20. 15 widuliya ... ... . .. ... ... Praksit vijjul, Var. IV, 26, vijjud, Hem. II, 173
vijjulid (Urvasi 27, 13;) Mar. bijalt; Guz, vijale
3 Dr. Oldenberg in his introduction to the Mahavagga, p. 54, says that the dialect of this inscription is very closely connected with Pali, but this form as well as the otber pandarasa = panchadasa with change of ch to d
rather agree with the Sinhalese. ["Aira" is a mislection for vera- an adjective: the king's name occurs at the ends of the first and last lines.-ED.]
