________________
AUGUST, 1882.]
Gipsy phag bhanj, Mikl. VIII. 38; phen = bhagint, ib. 41; terenawa, dhar, cf. Gipsy terdwa, Mikl. VIII, 17; op or opa éobhá; hota 'snout' bunda (comp. Mald. hodu, proboscis); kohala 'secret things' hidden property, J. C. A. S. 1879, p. 41; kohol kam, Kávy. XIII, 15-guhd; kirband -giribhanda, Amb. A, 32, 34; kotaluwd P.P.P.B. 12, cf. Gipsy khamgharma, khan-gandha, Mikl. VII. 77; khas ghas, ib. 78, kher, ib. 79.
CONTRIBUTIONS TO SIMHALESE GRAMMAR.
Elision of consonants is of course of frequent occurrence as in all secondary languages. A few instances will suffice: h particularly is often elided. As this consonant is also changed from 8, 8 from ch, we often find a simple vowel instead of old ch with a vowel or s with a vowel. Instances for loss of ch are:
Imbinawd to kiss, smell' chumb, andinawa 'to put on' chhad; alu old halu 'ashes' from kshára, Pâli chhdrikd, J. P. chhart, Bhag. 214, Sindht chháru (comp. Beames I. 310, Mikl. VII. 29), but Mahâr. khdra; for loss of a in innawd to be,' to sit,' used of animates only, sad, sidati; oya, small river' srotas, Pâli Prakrit sotto, Hindi sot; úrá súkara, 'boar': frt sow; iya, older hiya, 'arrow,' probably from bita 'sharpened;' is to be explained from the following transitional changessita, hiya, hiya, hi; andu, 'tongs,' Skt. sandiéa, Pâli sandása (see Childers); isa = streha; ira= surya; ima siman, cf. sima, Amb. B, 55; ohinawd sich; iti sishta or siktha, Ab. 494, Kávy. X. 198; inguru 'ginger' bringavera, ancient hinguru, S. 8. 22; ingini, the clearing nut, old hingini, Report II. 1880, p. 5. Loss of initial k in udaellahoe' Skt. kuddala, of initial w in ihirenawd viéri, loss of y in ukund louse'; Skt. yükd, Páli úká, H. júm, Gipsy, djuv 'pou' Paspati, Mar. 4 and am. Loss of whole syllables we find in kuḍt kutumbin, (inscription eleventh century, comp. B. I. 146) Amb. A, 24, 41; doratu = dvárakoṭṭhaka, Gp. C. I. 2, Nám. 104; gannd-ganhana, Amb. A, 28. B, 42, gannak ganana, Amb. B, 5; anuru = anurúpa, Amb. A, 42; gatuwan grihitawan, Amb. B, 57; yata adhastat, Amb. A, 39; yela diyaḍdha; kanawa (Gipsy chava, Mikl. II. 11) to eat'
=
=
=
=
khád, Dram.Mag.khdhibi(Mricch),Hindi khanan, (see above); radol, Wewelk. 17, Ing. A. 8, nikmae
nishkramya, R. D. 21; patá pawata, in dawaspatá, Amb. A, 55, Mah. B; J. C. A. S. 1879, p. 29; danawd, to burn dah; tatuwa 'wing'-patatra; parahana, Amb. B, 43. = parisdwana; eittara = chitrakára, Amb. B, 37, S. S. 23; wt= vrthi, Amb. A, 36 paddy'; rá toddy,' older surd; hóma = seruma (sarva), Amb. A, 36; naya' debt' rina;
"
The syllable na is probably due to an original fem. ukuni, the same origin, I believe, is to be attributed to the sylla
=
=
=
ridt silver rajata; ran 'gold' = hiranya; panta pránátipáti, Amb. A, 42; pere pehera peéakára, Amb. B, 11; ddwar = diwasawar, Amb. A, 44; nawam- nawakarma; mintr = manikára, Amb. B, 46; Katunnaru Katṭhantanagara, Mah. 51, 73; kumba kumbhakara, Amb. B, 27; dú duhitd, Amb. A, 31; nuga-nyagrodha; ekkoma and okkoma; balu nom. balla 'dog' Skt. bhasha and aff. la, possibly also kotalu 'donkey' garda (bha) aff la; aranawd = áruh; rae 'night' for raeya, S. M. A. 15 rátri; paya prásdda, L. V. K. A.; herana, S. S. 57, P. P. 25 for mahanera = samanero; pilu pangulo, Ab. 319; miyangunu mahiyangana, Gp. B. 10; wisi twenty older wisiti; kittuwa near, neighbourhood nikata? miwd= mahisha, buffalo;' mak, mokada, mona; lanuwd rasand TRANSPOSITION OF CONSONANTS.
B
G
Lahág balaka, Amb. A, 10, S. S. 14; saraka 'bullock,' Gp. A. 19, Skt. sakvara, bakkara, sákvara, sakkara a bull,' 'an ox,' éákata 'a draught ox; mahana, Ing. A. 20, later mahanuwan éramanakarma, Gp. A. 23, Pali samano, old Simh. hamana, mehent-éramant, Mah. B, (but samana, Mah. A.) It is doubtful whether J. P. mahana is the same as this or brahmana; muhuda, máda, older hamuda (G&m. Abh. Mih.)
B
=
B
213
D
samudra; monard peacock' for moranat, i. e., mora + na (on na see above note). The Maldivian has gone a step further and made it nimeri "peacock." The and i corroborate my conjecture that the affix na is due to an original feminine tats. monart; anúwa, '90' for nawuwa, Pali navuti; koṭakaya karkata, the sign Cancer,' perhaps kota short,' Mald. kuru, from stoka comp. tikiri or it may be for tokata, the affix ta in Simhalese corresponding to da in Indian vernaculars, comp. Mar. tokadá; short; raela 'wave' Skt. lahari, lahart (see above); ilippenawd 'to float' for ipilenawd, plu and ut; dala = dhavala, Mah. II. 180; damora, S. S. 18 damodara; poho uposatha, Amb. A, 44; munuburra, grandson, older manumaraka, also marumanaka (first to fourth century, A. D.) from manorama 'mind delighting' comp. nandana 'son;' awurudu 'year' older hawurudu, Ell. P. A. 14 for hawudara, sawudara samvatsara; lihil slack' loose for hilil, Kavy. VI. 53= bithila (comp.Prakrit siḍhila); bulat, Kaelig. A. 24 betel' for tabula from tambala; raha, Kávy. IX. 31, contracted rd from surd through sard; asapuwa for Pâli upassaya; stwaela kast, Ab. 448; another difficult word is laya ' heart' only found in literature, here I am also inclined to think of apokope of the first syllable and to assume the original form to have been
=
2017
ble na in gona, Pali gono, Dram. Mag. Mricch, Simhalese gona.
