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9th-about the interval I am unable to judge, yet though not written they may have been pronounced long previously.
Mr. Beames (Comp. Gram., vol. I, p. 141 ff.) has the following interesting note:-"The Bengali language as actually spoken by all classes, from the highest to the lowest, differs in many respects from the language as written in books, especially is this noticeable in the treatment of the vowel á which, in colloquial usage, is frequently, (in fact almost universally,) corrupted into e." Now, this is exactly the sound of the Simhalese ae, and as the Simhalese probably came from a part of Bengal, they might have brought this sound with them. There is another reason to suppose that these sounds are older than the invention of the characters proper to them. The Simhalese wadáranawa is a corrupt ed tatsama from Pâli avadháreti; the verbal noun at present is waederuma, older waejêruma. Now, in an inscription of the second or third century A.D. at Badagiriya we find wajeriyi 'he declares'-i.e. e used to express the sound ce, which is a modification of á.
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
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Ae commonly appears as modified from a through the influence of i. Instances are Kaela, jungle kdehta or kalila or khila; kaelum kanti, K. J. 67; paewaetae, Gp. C. 20, payaele Gp. C, 21; yaeta, P. P. 19, 23, but yața Ambi A, 34, 39; kaepi kampita, quake, S. S. 57; kaesa = kachehha 8. S. 53; yaela=yála P. P. 50; gaetena= ghashtana, Kavy. XIII, 51; yaedigama-yachita, Mah. II, 210; gaehaetu gharshana S. S. 57;gaep= galbha, Gutt. 200; laegum P. P. 38, from laginawd; saeḍa chanda, Gp. A, 8, Nám. 242; gaerahum= garhya S. S. 35; aeta asthi; aetá hastin as in aetwehera, Inscr. of Mahindo III at Mihintale; aengilla= anguli Gp. B, 15; aeti, older ati=asti; aedahili, Gutt. 478, aedahillae, haedahili, Kávy. II, 39, from adahanawa; naeti, nati-násti; aembul;= Skt.ámla, Pâli ambila or ambilla, as in Ambillapadara, Mah. II. 49; aewidinawa, paewidinawa, nraj; aepa adhipati, Amb. A, 2, Gp. A. 6; des= akshi P. P. A. 31; kaekiri kar katika, Páli kakkari, Ját. II, 105 (Beames' Comp. Gr., vol. I, p. 130); kaebili a piece, bit kavala a mouthful, Amb. B, 48, comp. sakkaebili S, S. 35, kaebali, Nám. 38; kaemaeti, kaemati D. I. 16, S. M. B. 31; I, etc., wish = káma +asti; aelenawa ali, aeli aleyaka, Amb. B, 13; kaemiyá Pâli kammiko; aep-amhe Ing. B. 14; daehaewili, P. P. 39, Nám. 70, modern dewilla from dah; gaeta = grantha, gael gantri. (comp. Beames' Comp. Gr. vol. I, p. 336); Mahak. C. Ab. 373, Gutt. 114; gaella Amb. B, 48; gaelima from galanawá, gal.; daeka from
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[JULY, 1882.
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dakinawa, drié, P. P. passim; daeli, daella = jvála; naegenawd, caus. naginawd to rise langh; naemati, naemaeti námanasti' called'; daeya= dravya Amb. A, 25; naekaeti, Amb. B, 40, S. S. 57, Ab. 347; naehae contracted na nahi; naepiya, Amb. B, 32 endpita; naeliyandli Amb. B, 1, 13, naesú from nasanawd, Amb. A, 23; raekindwa rakkhandyaka, Amb. B, 17; raekiya = rakkhaka, Amb. B, 18; daegae dage, Amb. B, 52; maeniyan mátá, Mah. B, Gp. B, 16; paen, water, mi + paent, bee honey-pantyam; paehenawd, to ripen,
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pach; baemma, from bandinawd, Nám. 245; baehaeri, Amb. A, 22, P. P. 42; (Mald bera out), Pâli bahira and common in Prakrit and vernaculars; Gipsy ari, Mikl. VII, 14, raeswú P. P. 35, but ruswd, risi, desire, P. P. 49, Amb. A, 6, cf. risiwum, Nám. 71; baeriya bharika; maeti = mrittika; maediyamanḍúka; maenik-manikya, Gp. C. 5; maeda madhya; maera = R. D. A. 18; maedahat S. S. 20, mod. mendahat, mani 8. S. 14; maenaewi mana dpa and asti. S. M. B. 25, L. V.K. C.; maesed makshikd; anaengi, Ruanw. 23 anargha; paessa paschima, Wandar. 15; maekuwa, mraksh, S. M. B. 28; raekae, Abhay. A. 15, raeya rátri, S. M. A. 15; mod rae; wae
bhata Mah. A.; waeriya Mah. C. Mayil. B, 7, Ing. C. 6; [kam] maeli, lazy, indolent, from mlai either through a participle identical with Pali milana, or more probably formed from a Simhalese verb now lost; waesi: = wdet P. P. P. A. 13, S. M. A. 30; waeli wáluká, R. D. 22; wépára = vydpdra, S. B. M. B. 3; panaes-panchabat, P. P. 4, but panda Wewelk. 18; raejna raedna old rajini for rájí; raela (Mald. rdula) = lahart, comp. Beames Comp. Gr., vol. I, p. 131; raes-rdéi ; saeka= sanka, Gp. B. 14; saepat sampatti, Gp. C, 17, 24, Nám. 203; dae dátra, sickle; waeliya, a wick varti, vartiká, Amb. B, 35, A, 49; waedi, increase waeda, waedenard, vridh, vriddhi etc.; haemma, P. P. 25, (P); waela valli (comp. Beames" Comp. Gr., vol. I, p. 136); paerachaer, Mahák. later perahara, S. M. A. 31. and paeraehaen, Amb. B, 29. Magulaewa Amb. B, 54; uḍaesi udwaesi
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uddhawawisara, Amb. A, 34, manuwasara, Amb. A, 39, D. I. 27, Ran. D. 2; saési édstri, S. S. 42; saet sdstra, D. I. 4; saendatwa sandhyd; saela (Selu S. S. 21) sdriká, haeta = shashti haettaeva saptati; haeliya: Páli cháți; kaeta - kshatriya, Amb. A, I; kaeti aya, 'royal taxes,' Dambul Inser. 9, more modern ket, Gp. A, 16; kaela, a multitude; paeți = paeṭṭa side perhaps identical with Eranian pakhta (see Lassen, Ind. Alt. vol. I, p. 552, Trumpp. Pashto Gr. 3); paen=praskandha kota, K. J. 63, cf. paenú, Gp. A. 10; taettants, Nám. 74, Kávy. IX, 72; daep= darpa, S. S. 57; saemaenga samangi, Amb. A, 16, 22, 54; kaerana karana, Mah. B; paehaera E.
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