________________
JULY, 1882.]
CONTRIBUTIONS TO SINHALESE GRAMMAR.
207
tic Mag. poța (Stenzler Mricch, 112, comp. note) Hindu peta, Boamus, II. 128 ; Bang. id. II. 40 etc.; I believe peta to be derived from pinda which originally denoted any globular thing; Praksi. penda, Gipsy per, Mikl. VIII. 37; poța could easily be changed from this; if in peta the second syllable had followed the first and adopted a surd; in bada the reverse was the case. Perhaps it is not exactly the form pinda to which we have to recur for the explanation of peta, etc.; pinda is nothing else but a nasalized Praksit form of pishta, pish; in some dialects this may have been changed into pitta with the same meaning attached to it. In Sinhalese we have a word for "quadruped,'dada in dadayana, hunting, and datamas; dada : tota ; bada: peta.
A for u; parana = purana, J. P. pordna; badedd - buddhadivasa, S. M. B. 12; talatara = tulidhara, Alatgalwihara.
A for ein pasak pratyeka, Amb. A, 15, 21, 54, B, 4; data =jyeshta, Ktoy. 115, K. J. 68, the termination ak of the indefinite, of. J. P.aunapanna qünattin, Hindi agunisa, B. II, 186; nahana = sneha, S. S. 57.
A for o in kana = kona, Abhayawaewa A, 11. As regards d, I have nothing to add to the general remarks made above on the origin of long vowels in Simhalese (Simbalese dative comp. Mar. athi in Beames II, 272).
A dropped in the beginning in bisow, etc. cf. bhisita in Asoka's insor. Canningham I, 68; bhivijaya, insor. of Khandagiri, Cunningham I, 98, vala = avata cf. vada, Håla, 297, bidam, Amb. A, 13; diťana adhishthana, Kavy. 87; nat ananta, S. S. 9, K. J. 84; nurd = anuraga Nám. 68, Kavy. x, 119; neka = aneka, K. J. 86; yata or yaeta = adhastat, J. P. hetthima; maeti = dmdtya, K. J. 116; hopalu = asokaphala, Nám. 121; piyana - apidhana, Amb. B, 11, 12
I for a : pihanawa, to cook (pisana Amb. B, 22) comp. Prakrit pikkan, (Var) Gipsy pekdva. The other vernaculars retain a, except Guj. which has pikavum, and pakadun and Mar. pikaneria; diya = udaka, daka; kaskiri - karkatika (see above) Hindi kártido, Beames, I, 130; kiyanawd = kathay; piyagiya = padagata, Amb. B, 55, Mah. O. comp. Rep. XXV. p. 5; but pediwa, Ing. B. 24, Kong. A. 16, K. M. A. 17, cf. peden, Kavy. III. 4; riyan; = PAli ratanam, Skt. ratni, Amb. A, 52; piduru straw' probably = palála from an older form; ridi rajata ; hirage " a prison" - Pali charaka; siyaya, 100 = fata; kisilla, arm-pit - kachchha; bilt = bali, Mald. biru. By assimilation we have
First: miris = maricha, pepper; bihira = badhira
deaf,' Mald. Mru; wisiti, wisi – vimenti; ikut
atikrdnta Amb. A, 19, 58; ikmae = alikrantum, Amb. B, 58, later hikmae, P. P. 25, 50; sirit charitra, Mah. B, Amb. A, 6, 19; pirit= paritta, Amb. A, 11, P. P. 27, Nam. 252; pilt = patika, Amb. B, 8, 21; pili sphatika, K. J., 45; wiya = vyaya, Amb. A, 23, S. S. 20; di = dattod, Mahak. B.; miyangunu = mahiyangana, Gp. B. 10; niya =naya 'wisdom'() Mayil. A, 17; piyali prakriti Gutt. 235; bili = balika, Amb. A, 9, S. S. 57, but J. P.baliva, Bhag; piyassa == pradeta, Nám. 105, Kavy. X. 162; miwun=mahisha, Nám. 140, Mah. C. Kvy. VIII, 39, Mayil. B, 7, Ing. 0.5, Wewelk. 25; wisin = vašena, but wasin Mayil A, 19; piri = parikha, Gutt. 93; sakwit - chakravartti, Gp. A. 4, Ab. 49; agil = agaru, Nám. 132; pirikapa, pirihela, Amb. A, 14; nirá = naraka, Gutt. 33; riwi = Tawi, D. I. 4, Nám. 40; miringu = marichi, Nam. 41: kihiri =khadira; jisa = yasas, Nàgirik; wiya = wayasa Kavy. III, 18, Nám. 254. Pari becomes piri, prati pali and then piļi; minied for manushya, Mag. munise in the inscription of Dhauli; min manas, Nam. 52, K. J., 152, P. P. 19; siedra = sanchar, Gp. C. 2, Wandar. 2, R. D. 23.
The i of the so-called second conjugation is perhaps in many cases due to simple weakening of a, and in other cases to assimilation. Without intending to settle this question here, I am inclined to consider this conjugation as in most cases derived from the past participle ța. Examples are :-sitinawa "to stand, be," Prakrit chitth, bahinawd to descend, bhrams; bandinawa" to bind" (bandh); gilinawa "to swallow."
Second : i for din tibiyae, Amb. A, 25; nimi - nama, Kir; wandimin = 'nana, P. P. 43; diwana =dhavana, Kavy. I, 4.
Third : i for u is very frequent, particularly in prepositions (ud, etc.); haekili = santuchita. Gutt. 42; illanaut older iltanawd from ullap (P); idi. menawd "to swell" =uddhmi, Pali Praksit uddhumd; ipilenawd and ilipenawd to float from utplu, comp. Prakrit pavdlei for plavdyali; imbinawd to kiss, to smell, Vchumb, pirimaya," a male," for purushamaya, J. P. purisa; mayil – mátula, midiwasl = muddikd Skt. mridhiki; sika = Sushka, S. S. 22; diyaniyan = duhita, Gp. B, 24; dinbili = dhámratva, Kiloy. II. 18 ; ipaedae, Amb. A, 2, ieiras, Amb. A, 19, siriyaru, Nam , 224 ; sir. waduchhurikávardhakin, Amb. B, 45, Nám. 206 Gipsy churt, Mikl. VII. 39; pipi - pushpita, K.J. 140; piru - purana, S. S. 57, Kavy. X. 128, Amb. A, 15. Nám. 62; tiyu = stuti, 8. L. 30, Kdvy. XIII. 10, Nam. 200 (but tuti, Gutt. 239, temt, Kavy. IX, 74, tentun, Nám. 258, tewun, Nám. 61, K. J. 210);
In Jaina Prakrit, we have no iklamal = na atik ramati for which I gave a somewhat different explana.
tion in my Beitr. sur Gramm. d. J.P., p. 21, which should be modified according to this.
