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EPIGRAPHIA INDICA.
Vol. XXI.
stationed in the Pandya country, and also removed the heads of the Ceylonese generals that had been previously nailed to the gates of Madura by Tiruchchirrambalam-Udaiyān Perumānambi alias Pallavarāyar. Some letters and presents despatched to the officers of Kulasēkhara, hinting that the Singhalese king was an ally of their master, were intercepted by the Chola king. It was therefore, decided to reinstate on the Pandya throne Vira-Pandya, the son of Parākrama-Pandya, the former protégé of Ceylon and a claimant to the throne of Madura. Vēdavanam-Udaiyāņ Am. maiyappan alias Pallavarājan was directed by the Chola king to proceed with the necessary forces. When he had successfully accomplished his object, the general was granted 10 vēli of land in Rājarājan-Palaiyanür, according to the Tiruvālangāļu record. All the above events are also recorded in the Tirumayāḥam inscription which appears to be an almost exact copy of the Tiruvālangādu inscription. Both of them are dated in the 12th year and 157th day; the Tirumayānam inscription is, however, very fragmentary, but it has helped to fill in certain lacunæ in the text of the Tiruvālangāļu record. The reason why the same inscription should be engraved in two distant places as Tiruvālangāļu (Chingleput district) and Tirumayāpam (Tanjore district) is not quite clear.
Of the persons figuring in the present inscription, the most important is TiruchchirtambalamUdaiyān Perumānambi alias Pallavarāyar who took an active part in the coronation of Rājādhirāja II and in the war of the Pandya succession. From the Arpäkkam epigraph we learn that his father was Edirilisola-Sambuvaräyar. He seems to have died before 1171 A.D., the date of the present record. Next in importance to Tiruchchiframbalam-Udaiyān Perumānambi alias Pallavarāyar stands Lankāpuri-Dandanayaka. He was entrusted with the command of the Singhalese army by the Ceylonese king Parākramabāhu, when Parākrama-Pāndya,sought his assistance against Kulasēkhara-Pāndya. Before Lankāpuri-Dandanayaka could start for India, ParākramaPandya had been murdered, but the Ceylonese general succeeded in besieging Madura, the capital of the Pāņdya country, and in forcing Kulasēkhara to flee from his kingdom. Vēdavanem Udaiyap Ammaiyappan alias Pallavarāyan who effected the distribution of lands among the relations of Tiruchchiframbalam-Udaiyan Perumānambi alias Pallavarāyar seems to have been an important officer and general both under Rājarāja II and his successor Rājādhirāja II. The several persons noticed in the record as the relatives of Pallavarāyar are obscure and are, therefore, not easily identifiable. The signatories to the ulvari, Chădirāśar, Vāpādhirāśar, Singa!arāyar, Nilagangaraiyar and the royal secretary M qavag-Müvēndavēļā appear to have held office even in the time of Kulottunga-Chola III, the successor of Rājādhirāja II.
Among the places mentioned in the inscription Kārigai-Kulattûr, the native place of Pallavarāyar, deserves notice. The Tamil prosodist Amudasāgarar commenced and completed his work Kārigai in this village, which, therefore, came to be known as Kärigaikulattür. It is stated to have been in Amūr-kottam which roughly comprises the eastern portion of the present Chingleput taluk. There are two villages in this taluk bearing the name Kulattür, one near Tirukkachchiyūr in Kalattūr-köttam and the other near Tirupporür in Amūr-kottam and the village mentioned in our record may be identified with the latter. In the time of KulottungaChola I, Kandap-Madhavan,' a descendant of the chief who patronised Amudasāgarar, was
1 The ohronicle describes Kulabökhara as powerful king,' cunning in the art of war,'' a terror to his enemies and a skilled in devising means such as reconciliation, eto., to prevail against the enemy.' We find that Kubiakhors was driven out of Madura by A.D. 1168 (Arpakkam inscription) and that he was reinstalled on the throne by A.D. 1171 (Pallavariyopettai record). By A.D. 1175 (Tiruvilang du inscription) he had been dethronod and Vira-Pandya crowned in his stead. It is, therefore, clear that Kulabokhars could have occupied the throne only from about 1171 to 1176 A.D.
2 Above, Vol. XVIII, p. 87.
Ibid. p. 64
