Jain Aayurved Ka Itihas

Author(s): Rajendraprakash Bhatnagar
Publisher: Surya Prakashan Samsthan
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/022687/1

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jaina Ayurveda kA itihAsa JAIN AYURVED KA ITIHAS DaoN. rAjendraprakAza bhaTanAgara sUrya prakAzana saMsthAna, udayapura (rAja.)

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lekhaka-paricaya janma : 25 sitambara 1942 | zikSA : Ayurveda meM bhiSagAcArya (svarNapadaka prApta) AyurvedAcArya (sarvaprathama), eca pI.e. (jAmanagara) pI-eca. DI. Ayurveda (rAja. vi. vi ) anya- ema. e., pI-eca.DI. (itihAsa), sAhitya ratna mAnada- Ayurveda-bRhaspati (bihaar)| thIsisa : eca. pI. e.- "strotonusArI-nidAna-cikitsA" (kAyacikitsA) pI-eca. DI. (itihAsa)- "bhAratIya cikitsAvijJAna 'pAyurveda' ke vikAsa kI paramparA (13001850 I0)" pI-eca.DI. (prAyurveda)- "carakasaMhitA kA samIkSA tmaka adhyayana" (kAyacikitsA) pada : prophesara,rAjakIya prAyurveda mahAvidyAlaya, udayapura [rAjasthAna] para kAryarata / prakAzana : eka darjana se adhika graMtha prakAzita evaM lagabhaga 250 zodhapatra evaM lekha vibhinna patra-patrikAoM meM prakAzita /

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jaina Ayurveda kA itihAsa lekhaka DaoN. rAjendraprakAza bhaTanAgara ema. e., pI-eca. DI., bhiSamAcArya (svarNapadaka-prApta) AyurvedAcArya, eca. pI. e. (jAma.) prAdhyApaka, ma. mo. mA. rAjakIya Ayurveda mahAvidyAlaya, udayapura (rAjasthAna) ... -sUrya prakAzana saMsthAna, udayapura 1984

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prakAzaka : zrImatI sAvitrIdevI sUrya prakAzana saMsthAna 29, kAnajI kA hATA udayapura (rAja.) 313001 prathama saMskaraNa, 1984 lekhaka dvArA sUrya prakAzana saMsthAna ko bheMTa sarvAdhikAra surakSita prakAzaka mUlya-50 rupaye mudraka : svadezI prinTarsa kherAdIvAr3A, udayapura (rAja.)

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JAIN AYURVEDA KA ITIHASA D Dr. R. P. BHATNAGAR M. A., Ph. D., Bhishagacharya (Goldmedalist), Ayurvedacharya, H. P. A (Jam.) Professor, M. M. M. Govt. Ayurvedic College. UDAIPUR (Raj.) SURYA PRAKASHAN SANSTHAN UDAIPUR, Rajasthan, (India) 1984

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Publisher : Smt. Savitridevi Surya Prakashan Sansthan. 29, Kanji Ka Hata, Udaipur (Rajasthan) 313001 FIRST EDITION-1984 @ Surya Prakashan Santhan Price 50/ Printers : Swadeshi Printers Kheradiwada, Udaipur (Raj.)

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bhUmikA Ayurveda jIvana kA vijJAna hai / bhAratIya samAja aura sAhitya yaha isa taraha anusyUta ho cukA hai ki isako pRthak karanA muzkila hai / jIvana ko prabhAvita karane vAlI do hI bAteM haiM-- prathama- zikSA aura dUsarI- cikitsA / sabhI matoM aura dharmoM ke pravartana tathA vistAra ke sAtha ina do ke mahatvapUrNa yogadAna ko parilakSita kiyA jA sakatA hai / vaiSNava mata meM viSNu ke avatAroM meM eka dhanvantari batAye jAte haiM, jo Ayurveda ke pravartaka haiM / zaivamata meM bhI ziva ke aThAraha avatAroM meM eka nakulIza yA lakulIza nAmaka avatAra to vastutaH cikitsaka kA hI rUpa hai / lakulIza kI pAI jAne vAlI mUrtiyoM ke eka hAtha meM harItakI aura dUsare hAtha meM nAkulIbUTI ko aMkita kiyA gayA hai / harItakI rasAyana aura roganAzana cikitsA kA pratIka hai tathA nAkulI viSacikitsA kA / buddha ke eka rUpa avalokitezvara ko 'bhaiSajyaguru' mAnA jAtA hai / isI prakAra jainamata prAdurbhAva ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai aura cikitsA hI do aise mAdhyama / tIrthaGkaroM kI vANI meM hI cikitsAzAstra ke janamAnasa ko prabhAvita karane ke lie zikSA jo sarvopari upayogI haiM / meM gayA hai, ye 'dvAdazAMga' janamata meM tIrthaMkaroM kI vANI ko bAraha bhAgoM meM bAMTA Agama kahalAte haiM / inameM se bArahavAM aMga 'dRSTivAda' hai / 'dRSTivAda' ke bhI pAMca bheda (bhAga) haiM / prathama bhAga 'pUrva' saMjJaka hai / pUrva se abhiprAya hai, aMtima cobIsaveM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra se pUrva - pahale kA jJAna jo Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva Adi pUrvavartI tIrthaMkaroM ke upadezarUpa vANI ke rUpa meM prakaTa huA thA / 'pUrva' ke bhI caudaha prakAra haiM / inameM se bArahaveM 'pUrva' kA nAma 'prANAvAya' hai / prANoM kA yApana karane ke lie yama, niyama, AhAra-vihAra aura auSadhiyoM ke rUpa meM svAsthya ke upAyoM kA vivecana karane vAlA hone se prANAvAya meM saMpUrNa cikitsAzAstra aura yogazAstra kA samAveza hotA hai / yaha hI jaina - Ayurveda kA mUla hai / isakA jJAna pAraMparika rUpa se RSabhadeva se gaNadhara aura pratigaNadharoM ne, unase zrutakevaliyoM ne aura unase bAda meM hone vAle grahaNa kiyA / daivadurvipAka se 'prANAvAya' kA sAhitya naSTa ho cukA hai / kA ekamAtra graMtha ugrAdityAcAryakRta 'kalyANakAraka' milatA hai / isameM prANAvAyaparaMparA kA digdarzana kiyA gayA hai / yaha graMtha dakSiNa bhArata meM 8vIM zatI ke aMta meM racA gayA thA / uttara bhArata meM likhA huA prAcInakAla kA koI jaina-cikitsA - grantha prApta nahIM hotA / ahiMsA Adi tatvoM kA pAlana karate hue madya, mAMsa aura madhu ko chor3akara samasta rogoM ora avasthAoM kI vistRta cikitsA batAnA hI 'prANAvAya' kA AdhAra thA / isa dRSTi se yaha eka saphala cikitmAzAstra bhI rhaa| Ayurveda kI bhAMti prANAvAya ke bhI kAyacikitsA Adi ATha aMga batAye gae haiM / muniyoM ne usa paraMparA parantu kAlAntara meM dRSTivAda ke naSTa ho jAne para prANAvAya kI paramparA bhI TUTa gayI / jaina bhaTTAraka, yati-muni aura anya vidvAnoM ne loka- pracalita Ayurveda ko grahaNa kara usa para apanI kRtiyAM prastuta kIM phira bhI unakA dRSTikoNa jaina siddhAMtA /

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nusAra hI rahA / unhoMne mUla siddhAMtoM kA pAlana karate hue cikitsA kA nirUpaNa kiyA / rasacikitsA, kASThoSadhiyoM ke viziSTa yoga Adi ina jaina vidvAnoM ko mahattvapUrNa dena kahI jA sakatI hai| inakA vipula Ayurveda-sAhitya upalabdha hotA hai| prANAvAya kI paraMparA bAda meM nahIM milane aura jaina vidvAnoM dvArA Ayurveda ko apanAte hue usa para hI apanI racanAeM prastuta karane ke kAraNa isa grantha kA nAmakaraNa 'jaina Ayurveda kA itihAsa' karanA adhika samIcIna pratIta huA / prastuta adhyayaya jaina vidvAnoM dvArA Ayurveda ke kSetra meM kie gae vistRta kAryoM kA sarvekSaNa hai| ise isaprakAra ke zodhakArya kI prathama kar3I samajhA jAnA cAhie / isIse lekhaka ne kisI pUrvAgraha ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai| usakA dRSTikoNa sarvagrAhI aura vyApaka rahA hai| aitihAsika pariprekSya meM jaina Ayurveda ke granthakAroM aura unakI kRtiyoM kA mUlyAMkana karane kA yaha prathama prayAsa hai| abataka isa viSaya para koI bhI svataMtra zodha-adhyayana nahIM huA hai| balki bahuta kama loga jAnate haiM ki jaina Ayurveda kI prANavAya saMjJaka bhI kabhI koI paramparA rahI thii| gata kaI varSoM se lekhaka isa kArya ko karane meM saMlagna rahA, isa avadhi meM saikaDoM pANDulipiyoM kA avalokana-adhyayana bhI kiyaa| pAMDulipiyoM kI khoja meM vibhinna sudUravartI kSetroM kI yAtrAeM bhI kii| isa prakAra apane adhyayana ke pariNAmasvarUpa jaina granthakAroM evaM vidvAnoM kI upalabdhiyoM ke saMbaMdha meM jo sAmagrI vaha juTA pAyA, vaha sAra-rUpa meM Apake samakSa prastuta hai / upalabdha jaina Agama-sAhitya meM bhI vyavahAra aura mAnyatAoM ke rUpa meM Ayurveda sambandhI vipula sAmagrI saMgRhIta hai, Aja usake ekatrIkaraNa aura vizleSaNa kI bahuta bar3I AvazyakatA hai| prastuta lekhaka ne isa viSaya para bhI apanA prathama zodhakArya kara DAlA hai, jo zIghra prakAzita hogA / lagabhaga paMdraha varSa pUrva-lekhaka ne jaina Ayurveda para eka lekha likhA thA, taba se aba taka paMdraha se adhika usake zodha-lekha isa saMdarbha meM prakAzita ho cuke haiN| una saba ke AdhAra para tathA apane suhajajanoM dvArA utsAhita hone para saMpUrNa adhyayana-sAmagrI ko grantharUpa dene kA yaha sAhasa kiyA hai| prathama evaM sarvathA navIna prayAsa hone se isameM truTiyAM rahanA svAbhAvika hai, vidvAn pAThaka unakI ora merA dhyAna AkarSita kareMge / agrima saMskaraNa meM una samasta saMzodhanoM ko apekSita sthAna dete hue isa grantha ko pariSkRta karane kA prayatna kiyA jA skegaa| isa prasaga meM vidvAnoM ke vicAra aura sujhAva bhI AmaMtrita haiN| anta meM maiM AdaraNIya DA. kamalacaMda sogAnI, prophesara evaM vibhAgAdhyakSa, darzana vibhAga udayapura vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura evaM mitravara DA. deva koThArI kA hRdaya se AbhArI hUM, jinhoMne ise prakAzita karane hetu bAra-bAra utsAhita kiyA aura isa saMbandha meM sujhAva diye| navarAtra-sthApanA 25, sitambara, 1984 vidvatkRpAkAMkSI (DaoN.) rAjendraprakAza bhaTanAgara

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jaina Ayurveda kA itihAsa anukramaNikA prAdhyAya 1. viSaya-veza pR. 1 25 1. jainadharma 2. jaina-prAgama-sAhitya 3. prAraNAvAya (jaina-Ayurveda) kI paramparA 4. jaina Ayurveda-sAhitya 5. jaina Ayurveda kA sAMskRtika yogadAna adhyAya 2. jai? prAgama-sAhitya meM prAyurveda pR. 26-37 cikitsA, cikitsaka, rogotpatti aura rogajJAna cikitsAprayoga, viSacikitsA, zalyacikitsA, mAnasika cikitsA, devavyapAzrayacikitsA, ArogyazAlA adhyAya 3. prAraNAvAya-paramparA ke prAcArya aura unake grantha pR. 38-71 1. ugrAdityAcArya se pUrvavartI prAcArya1 samaMtabhadra 5 meghanAda 2 pUjyapAda .. . 6 siMhanAda (siddhasena) 3 pAtrakesari (pAtrasvAmI)- 7 dazarathamuni 4 siddhasena ___8 gommaTadevamuni 2. kalyANakAraka aura usakA kartA ugrAdityAcArya

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adhyAya 4. jaina-prAyurveda ke granthakAra aura unake grantha pR. 72-17: pAdaliptasUri, jainasiddha nAgArjuna, dhanaJjaya, durgadeva, maheMdrajaina, jinadAsa, durlabharAja, hemacaMdrasUri (hemacaMdrAcArya), guNAkara, prAzAdhara, haMsadeva, campaka, yazaHkotimuni, haripAla, merutuga, siMha, anantadevasUri, nAgadeva (Thakkura jinadeva), mANikyacandrajaina, cArucaMdrasUri rudrapallIya, zrIkaNThasUri, pUrNasena, paM. jinadAsa, nayanasukha, narbudAcArya (narmadAcArya), harSakItisUri, jayaratnagariNa, lakSmIkuzala, haMsarAjamuni, hastiruci, mathena rAkhecA, hemanidhAna, nayanazekhara, mahimasamudra (jinasamudrasUri), dharmavardhana (dharmasI), lakSmIvallabha, mAnamuni, vinayamerugaNi, rAmacaMdra, jJAnameru, nagarAja, pItAmbara, jogIdAsa mathena (dAsakavi), samaratha, guNavilAsa, lakSmIcada, dIpakacaMdra vAcaka, meghamuni, cainasukhayati, rAmavijaya upAdhyAya, cainarUpa, raghupati, vizrAma, malUkacaMda, sumatidhIra, karmacaMdra, haMsarAja pippalaka, gaMgArAma yati, jJAnasAra, lakSmIcaMda jaina, zrIpAlacaMdra, rAmalAla mahopAdhyAya, RddhisAra yA rAmaRddhisAra, muni kAMtisAgara / adhyAya 5. dakSiNa bhArata ke jaina-prAyurveda-granthakAra pR. 176-180 mArasiMha, kotivarmA, somanAthakavi, amRtanaMvi, magarAja (maMgarasa)prathama, zrIdharadeva, bAcarasa, padmarasa, maMgarAja (maMgarasa dvitIya), maMgarAja (maMgarasa-tRtIya), sAlva / (patra 14) - pariziSTa 1. ajJAta-kartRka racanAeM pariziSTa 2. jaina prAyurveda-granyakAra evaM vyakti-manukramaNikA pR, 182 pariziSTa 3. jaina mAyurveda-prantha anukramaNikA pR. 183-184 pR. 181

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adhyAya-1 viSaya-praveza 1 jaina dharma bhaugolika evaM aitihAsika vicAra : jaina-dharma atyaMta prAcIna aura pAraMparika hai / jaina-purANoM meM bhArata ke bhaugolika aura prAcIna aitihAsika vivaraNa milate haiN| bhArata ko 'jambUdvIpa' ke dakSiNa meM sthita batAyA gayA hai| isake uttara meM 'himavAn' (himAlaya) parvata aura madhya meM 'vijayAddha' (viMdhya) parvata hai| himavAn se nikalakara sindhu nadI pazcima meM tathA gaMgA nadI pUrva meM bahatI hai, jisase uttarI bhArata ke tIna vibhAga-pUrva, madhya aura pazcimabana gaye haiN| isI prakAra dakSiNa bhArata ke bhI tIna vibhAga haiM-pUrva, madhya aura pazcima / ye bhArata ke chaH khaMDa haiM, jina para vijaya pAkara koI rAjA 'cakravartI' kI upAdhi grahaNa karatA thaa| jaina-purANoM meM yahAM ke prAcIna itihAsa ko sAmAjika vyavasthA kI dRSTi se do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA hai-prathama 'bhoga-bhUmi-vyavasthA' meM grAma va nagara astitva meM nahIM Aye the, kuTumba kA rUpa bhI nahIM bana pAyA thaa| manuSya khAne-pIne, auDhanebichAne kA saba kAma vRkSoM se saMpAdita karatA thA, ataH vRkSoM ko 'kalpa vRkSa' kahA jAtA hai (saba icchAoM ko pUrNa karane vAlA vRkss)| dharma-bhAvanA prAdurbhUta nahIM huI thii| sarvatra ghane vana the aura unameM hiMsra jIvoM kI bahulatA thii| zanaiH zanaiH nAgarika sabhyatA kA vikAsa huA aura dvitIya 'karmabhUmi-vyavasthA' prAraMbha huii| isameM nAgarika sabhyatA banI / kRSi, pazupAlana, vANijya, udyoga dhaMdhe, zilpa Adi astitva meM aaye| yaha vikAsa, jaina purANoM ke anusAra paMdraha mahApuruSoM dvArA lAyA gayA, inheM 'kulakara' yA 'manu' kahate haiN| ina mahApuruSoM ke bAda dharmAcaraNa va sadAcAra kI zikSA dene ke lie 63 mahApuruSa utpanna hue, inheM 'zalAkApuruSa' (gaNanIya puruSa) kahA jAtA hai| ye nimna haiN| 24 tIrthakara-1 RSabhadeva, 2 ajitanAtha, 3 saMbhavanAtha, 4 abhinaMdana, 5 sumati, 6 padmaprabha, 7 supArzva, 8 caMdraprabha, 9 puSpadaMta, 10 zItala, 11 zreyAMsa, 12 vAsupUjya, 13 vimala, 4 anaMta, 15 dharma, 16 zAMtinAtha, 17 kunthu, 18 araha, 19 malli, 20 munisuvrata, 21 nami, 22 nemi, 23 pArzvanotha, 24 vardhamAna yA mahAvIra / 1 DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina, bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna. ( bhopAla, 1962 ), pR. 9-10 / [ 1 ]

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12 cakravartI - 1 bharata, 2 sagara, 3 mabatrA, 4 sanatkunAra, 5 zAMti, 7 araha, 8 subhauma, 9 padma, 10 hariSeNa, 11 jayaseva, 12 brahmadatta | 6 kunyu, 9 balabhadra - 1 acala, 2 vijaya, 3 bhadra, 4 suprabha, 5 sudarzana, 6 Ananda, 7 nandana, 8 padma, 9 rAma / 9 vAsudeva - 1 tripRSTha, 2 dvipRSTha, 3 svayambhU, 4 puruSottama, 5 puruSasiMha, 6 puruSa puNDarIka, 7 datta, 8 nArAyaNa, 9 kRSNa / 9 prativAsudeva - 1 azvagrIva, 2 tAraka, 3 meraka, 4 madhu, 7 prahlAda, 8 rAvaNa, 9 jarAsaMgha | kAla-vibhAga 5 nizumbha, 6 bali, jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra bhArata meM saMpUrNa kAla cakra ko do bhAgoM meM bAMTA gayA hai-- inheM utsarpiNI aura avasarpiNI nAmaka 'kalpa' kahate haiM / utsarpiNI sabhI bhAvoM kA unnati-kAla hai tathA avasarpiNI hrAsa kAla hai / yaha kAlacakra anAdi hai aura ananta kAla taka calatA rhegaa| prAraMbha meM utsarpiNI kAla thA / aba avasarpiNI kAla cala rahA hai, donoM kAloM meM caubIsa tIrthaMkara utpanna hote haiM / pratyeka kalpa ke chaH kAla-vibhAga haiM - jinake nAma - suSamA- suSamA, suSamA, suSamA-duSamA, duSamA- suSamA, duSamA aura duSamA - duSamA / vartamAna avasarpiNI kAla meM aba taka caubIsa tIrthaGkara ho cuke haiM / prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva yA AdinAtha hue tathA antima tIrthaGkara vardhamAna mahAvIra hue / avasarpiNI kalpa ke tRtIya suSamA - duSamA kAla meM ayodhyA ke rAjA nAbhikulakara kI mahArANI marudevI se Adi ( prathama ) tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kA janma huA thA / unhoMne suvyavasthita karmapradhAna sAmAjika vyavasthA kA sUtrapAta kiyA / unhoMne 72 kalAoM ora striyoM kI 64 kalAoM kA upadeza diyA; agni jalAnA, anna pakAnA, bartana banAne, vastra bunane aura bAla banAne kI vidhiyAM tathA susaMskRta vivAha saMsthA kA pracalana kiyA / unhoMne asi, masi, kRSi, zilpa, vANijya aura vidyA rUpa 'laukika SaTkarmo' tathA devapUjA, gurubhakti svAdhyAya, saMyama, tapa aura dAna rUpa 'dhArmika paTkarmoM' kA upadeza diyA / karma ke Azraya-bheda se kSatriya, vaizya, zUdra ke rUpa meM zrama kA sAmAjika vibhAjana sthApita kiyA / suvyavasthita rAjya evaM samAja kI vyavasthA dvArA unhoMne sabhya nAgarika yuga kA prArambha kiyA / unake pUrva sarvatra asabhyayuga pracalita thA / unhoMne ahiMsAmaya sarala Atmadharma aura sadAcArapradhAna yogadharma kA upadeza kiyA / kailAza (aSTApada) parvata para nirvANa prApta kiyA / inakA kArya kSetra ayodhyA anta se hastinApura taka rahA / inake jyeSTha putra bharata cakravartI ne saMpUrNa bhArata meM ekachatra zAsana kiyA, usI ke nAma se yaha deza bhAratavarSa kahalAyA aura usase 'bharata vaMza' calA / RSabhadeva kA [ 2 1

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dUsarA putra draviDa thA, jisase 'drAvir3a' loga hue / saMbhavataH usane kisI vidyAdhara kanyA se vivAha karake vaha vidyAdharoM meM hI basa gayA thA aura unakA netA bana gayA thA, jisase ve loga kAlAMtara meM 'drAviDa' kahalAye / / DaoN. jyotiprasAda jaina kA anumAna hai ki "aisA pratIta hotA hai ki prAcIna sindhu sabhyatA ke puraskartA prAcIna vidyAdhara jAti ke loga the jinheM drAvir3oM kA pUrvaja kahA jA sakatA hai| kintu sAtha hI unake preraka evaM dhArmika mArgadarzaka madhyadeza ke ve mAnavavaMzI mUla Arya the jo tIrthaMkaroM ke Atmadharma aura zramaNa saMskRti ke upAsaka the| tIsare tIrthaMkara sambhavanAtha se lekara naveM tIrthaMkara puSpadanta taka kA kAla sindhu sabhyatA ke vikAsa kA kAla hai| ye loga vedoM meM avaidika (vedavirodhI). anArya, brAtya dasyu aura asura kahe gaye haiN| vidvAnoM ne mohanajodar3o kI sabhyatA kA kAla I. pU. 6000 se 2500 varSa taka tathA haDappA kI sabhyatA kA kAla I. pU. 3000 se 2000 varSa taka mAnA hai| sindhu sabhyatA kA phailAva 'gaMgA, caMbala aura narbadA ke kAMThoM meM pazcimI uttarapradeza, pazcimI rAjasthAna tathA gujarAta kAThiyAvAr3a' Adi kSetroM meM ho cukA thA / yaha samUcI sabhyatA-saMskRti AryoM se bhinna 'drAviDIya' mAnI jAtI hai / jaina dharma ke prAraMbhika tIrthakara isI saMskRti se saMbaMdhita the, aisA vidvAnoM kA mata hai / paM. becaradAsa dozI ne zrI jaina dharma ko tathAkathita sindhu-saMskRti se saMbaddha kiyA jAnA ucita batAyA hai / kAlAntara meM sAtha-sAtha AvAsana aura paraspara AdAna-pradAna va roTI-beTI ke vyavahAra se Arya-sabhyatA aura drAvir3a-sabhyatA kA sammizraNa hotA gyaa| mahAbhArata kAla taka yaha mela pUrNa ho cukA thaa| saMpUrNa bhAratIya samAja meM Arya aura drAvir3a kA bheda miTakara, vyavasAya yA karma ke AdhAra para brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra ye cAra varNa bana gaye the| varNa kArya para AdhArita the yAni varNa parivartana karanA sarala thA, jaTila nhiiN| mahAbhArata kA kAla I. pU. 1450 ke lagabhaga ThaharatA hai| usa samaya vatsa, kuru, pAMcAla, zUrasena, kosala, kAzI, pUrva videha, magadha, kaliMga, avanti, mahiSmatI aura azmaka-ye vaidika kSatriyoM ke 12 rAjya the| I. pU. 1400 se 600 ke bIca kA kAla aspaSTa hai| isake bAda prAyaH nizcita aitihAsika tithikrama mila jAtA hai / bauddha kAla ke 16 'mahAjanapadoM' kA ullekha 'aMguttara nikAya' meM (ATha yugaloM ke rUpa meM) 1 DaoN. jyotiprasAda jaina- bhAratIya itihAsa : eka dRSTi (bhAratIya jJAnapITha, vArANasI, dvi. saM. 1966) pR. 24 / - vahI, pR. 28 3 jaina sAhitya kA vRhada itihAsa, bhAga-1, pR. 19-20 / [ 3 ]

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milatA hai-kAzI-kosala, aMga-magadha, cetiya (cedi)-vaMza (matsya), kuru-pAMcAla, maccha (matsya) sUrasena, assaka (azmaka)-avanti, gAMdhAra-kamboja / prasiddha jaina graMtha 'bhagavatIsUtra' meM 16 prAMtoM yA janapadoM ke nAma kucha bhinna rUpa meM haiM - aMga, baMga, magaha (magadha), malaya, mAlava, accha (azmaka), vaccha (vatsa), kaccha, pAr3ha (pANDya), lAr3ha (rAdhA), bajjI, malla, kAzI, kosala, AvAha aura sambhUttara / sabhI tIrthaMkara vrAtya kSatriyavaMzoM meM utpanna hue the| aMtima cAra tIrthaMkaroM ke viSaya meM vizeSa aitihAsika tathya prakAza meM Aye haiM-naminAtha ikkIsaveM tIrthakara the| ye mithilA ke rAjA aura janaka ke pUrvaja the| bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara neminAtha yA ariSTanemi the| ye zUrasena janapada kI rAjadhAnI soriyapura =zoripura (sUryapura, AgarA jile meM baTezvara ke pAsa) meM yadu vaMza meM utpanna hue the| ye kRSNa ke cacere bhAI the| inhoMne saurASTra ke giranAra yA Urjayanta parvata para nirvANa prApta kiyA thaa| teIsaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kAzI ke uragavaMzI rAjakumAra the| inakA janma I. pU. 877 meM (vardhamAna mahAvIra se lagabhaga 250 varSa pUrva) huA thaa| inhoMne sau varSa kI Ayu meM I. pU. 777 meM bihAra ke sammedazikhara para nirvANa prApta kiyaa| aMtima caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara vardhamAna mahAvIra kA janma vajjI-videha kI rAjadhAnI (basAr3ha-mujaphpharapura, bihAra) ke upanagara kSatriyakuNDa grAma (kuNDapura) meM licchavI vaMzIya rAjA siddhArtha evaM rAnI trizalA se huA thaa| jJAtRkula meM utpanna hone ke kAraNa yaha jJAtRputra tathA vIra hone ke kAraNa mahAvIra khlaaye| tIsa varSa paryanta zramaNa dharma kA upadeza dene ke bAda 72 varSa kI Ayu meM (527 I. pU. ke lagabhaga) kArtikI amAvasyA ke dina majjhimapAvA (pAvApurI-bihAra) meM nirvANa prApta kiyaa| unhoMne apane upadeza janasAghAraNa kI bhASA ardhamAgadhI meM diye / vardhamAna mahAvIra aura buddha kA kAla lagabhaga samAna hai| unakA janma aura vihAra prAyaH eka hI pradeza meM huA tathA donoM ne varNa-vyavasthA va hiMsAmaya-yajJayAga Adi kA virodha prakaTa kiyaa| ___ mahAvIra ke upadeza se pAvAnagarI meM jina vidvAn brAhmaNoM ne unakA ziSyatva aura zramaNadharma grahaNa kiyA, ve "gaNadhara" (pramukha ziSya) khlaaye| ve hI dvAdazAMga, caturdazapUrva evaM samagra gaNipiTaka ke jJAtA bane / mahAvIra kI upasthiti meM gautama indrabhUti aura sudharmA ko chor3akara saba gaNadharoM ne rAjagRha meM nirvANa prApta kiyaa| gautama indrabhUti aura Arya sudharmA ne mahAvIra nirvANa ke 12 varSa bAda taka jaina saMgha kA netRtva kiyaa| sudharmA ke ziSya jambUsvAmI hue| inake bAda kramazaH prabhAva, zayyaMbhava, yazobhadra, saMbhUta aura sthUlabhadra hue| isa prakAra zramaNa-paramparA sudharmA se nirantara aba taka calatI rahI hai / [ 4 ]

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jambU svAmI aMtima 'kevalI' the| unake bAda nirvANa aura kevalajJAna banda ho gyaa| ata: jambUsvAmI ke bAda AcArya paramparA ke vyakti 'zrutadhara' kahalAye / bauddha saMgha kI bhAMti jaina saMgha meM bhI aneka mata pracalita hue| inameM sAta 'nihnava' (mata) mukhya haiN| inakI utpatti mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke bAda se mahAvIra nirvANa ke 584 varSa bAda taka huI / I. san ke antima caraNa meM jainadharma meM zvetAmbara aura digambara (acelika= vastrahIna) aise do bheda spaSTa ho ge| mahAvIra dvAga upadiSTa nirgrantha jainadharma bihAra se samasta uttara bhArata meM phailA / phira rAjasthAna, gujarAta aura saurASTra ( kAThiyAvAr3a) meM tathA uDisA meM hokara dakSiNa bhArata meM phuNcaa| bauddha dharma kI bhAMti yaha videzoM meM nahIM phailA / saMkSepa meM, jainadharma kI paramparA isa prakAra rahI - jainadharma ke mUla pravartaka 'tIrthaGkara' mAne jAte haiM / kAlakrama se ye caubIsa hue / inameM prathama tIrthaGkara RSabhanAtha aura antima mahAvIra hue| mahAvIra kA nirvANa saMvat se 470 varSa pUrva, zaka saMvat se 605 varSa pAMca mAha pUrva tathA IsavI san se 527 varSa pUrva huA thA / vartamAna pracalita jaina-dharma kI nIMva mahAvIra ke upadezoM se par3I / unhoMne jaina saMgha ko cAra bhAgoM meM bA~TA-muni, AryikA, zrAvaka aura shraavikaa| pahale donoM varga gharabAra chor3akara parivrAjaka vrata dhAraNa karane vAle aura zeSa donoM grahasthoM ke varga haiM / ise 'catuvidha-saMgha' kahate haiM / parivrAjakoM aura gRhasthoM ke lie alaga-alaga AcAra-niyama sthApita kiye gaye / ye niyama aura vyavasthAeM Ajaparyanta jaina-samAja ko pratiSThita banAye hue hai / mahAvIra ke bAda gaNadhara aura prati-gaNadhara hue, unake bAda zrutakevalI aura unake ziSya-praziSya AcArya hue / yahI jaina paramparA hai / 1 zvetAmbara matAnusAra mahAvIra-niriNa ke 609 varSa bAda zivabhUti dvArA rathavIrapura nagara meM boTika arthAt digambara saMgha kI sthApanA pAThaveM nihnava ke rUpa meM mAnI jAtI hai / digambara prAcArya devasena ne vikrama ke 136 varSa bAda valabhI meM zvetAMbara saMgha kI sthApanA batAyI hai / ina donoM hI matoM se yaha kAla IsA kI prathama zatI kA aMtima caraNa pramANita hotA hai / [ 5 ]

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2 jaina Agama-sAhitya 'A samantAt gacchati -AgacchatIti AgamaH'- jo paramparA se calA A rahA hai, use 'Agama' kahate haiN| jaina mata meM Agama, zruta, sUtra, graMtha, siddhAMta, zAsana, AjJA, vacana, upadeza, prajJApanA, pravacana -ye paryAyavAcI zabda haiN| brAhmaNa-paramparA meM veda aura bauddha paramparA meM tripiTika kI bhAMti jaina-paramparA meM Agama-siddhAMta kA mahatva hai| jaina-paramparA meM Agama sAhitya sabase prAcIna mAnA jAtA hai| aMtima tIrthaMkara barddhamAna mahAvIra ke upadezoM ko unake samakAlika ziSya gaNadharoM ne saMgrahita kiyA / unake graMthoM ko zruta' kahA jAtA hai| ye sUtra rUpa meM haiM / zruta kA artha hai-sunA huA, upadeza-paramparA ke rUpa meM calane vAlA jJAna 'zruta' kahalAtA hai / ye hI zruta Age calakara 'Agama' khlaaye| mahAvIra ke upadeza unake ziSya gaNadharoM' ne sune, unase unake ziSya 'prati-gaNadharoM' ne isa prakAra yaha upadeza-jJAna zruta-paramparA se calatA rahA / ye ziSya-praziSya 'zruta ke valI' khlaaye| aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki samasta zruta-jJAna ke aMtima dhAraka zrutake valI bhadrabAhu (I. pU. cauthI zatI) hue| yaha caMdragupta maurya ke rAjyakAla meM hue| usa samaya bAraha varSa kA dIrghakAlIna akAla pdd'aa| aise kaThina samaya meM bhadrabAhu aneka jaina muniyoM ke sAtha dakSiNa bhArata meM cale ge| uttara bhArata meM rahane vAle muniyoM kA AcaraNa zithila ho gayA aura ve zveta vastra dhAraNa karane lge| taba se jaina dharma meM do sampradAya pravRtta hue- digambara aura zvetAmbara / digambara matAnuyAyI sAdhu RSabhadeva aura mahAvIra ke padacihnoM kA anusaraNa karate hue nirvastra vicaraNa karate haiM / zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM hI sampradAya AgamoM ko mAnate haiN| parantu digambara sampradAya kI mAnyatA hai ki kAlaprabhAva se zanaiH zanaiH buddhi aura medhA kI kSINatA ke kAraNa AgamoM kA jJAna samApta ho gyaa| vI. ni. ke 683 varSa bAda bAraha aMgoM kA jJAna svalpa raha gyaa| usI smRti ke AdhAra para dharasenAcArya ke saMrakSaNa meM 'satkarmaprAbhRta' (SaTkhaNDAgama) aura AcArya guNadhara ke saMrakSaNa meM 'kasAyapAhuDa' nAmaka Agama sUtragraMthoM kI racanA kI gii| ina donoM kI bhASA zaurasenI hai / zvetAmbara sampradAya ke anusAra AgamoM kA jJAna pracalita rahA, parantu unameM kAla-prabhAva se utpanna hue doSoM ke nirAkaraNa aura unake pATha-saMrakSaNa ke lie samayasamaya para 'vAcanAeM' Ayojita kI gaIM / prathama vAcanA mahAvIra nirvANa (I. pU. 527 ke lagabhaga) ke 160 varSa bAda (I. pU. 367) candragupta maurya ke kAla meM huI / usa samaya akAla ke kAraNa bhadrabAhu aneka sAdhuoM ke sAtha dakSiNa kI ora cale gaye the| zeSa sAdhu sthUlabhadra ke netRtva meM pATaliputra meM ekatrita hue| isa sammelana meM zrutajJAna ko 11 agoM meM saMkalita kiyA gayA, bArahavAM dRSTivAda kA kisI ko smaraNa nahIM thA, [ 6 ]

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isalie usake 'pUrva-graMthoM' kA Akalana nahIM ho paayaa| yaha 'pATalIputra-vAcanA' kahalAtI hai| dUsarI vAcanA hetu mahAvIra-nirvANa ke 827 yA 840 varSa bAda (I. 300 se 313) AgamoM ko punaH vyavasthita karane ke lie mathurA meM Arya skandila ke netRtva meM munisaMgha kA sammelana bulAyA gyaa| kahate haiM, usa samaya bhI bAraha varSa ke dIrghakAlIna akAla ke kAraNa Agama jJAna naSTa ho rahA thA / ata: isa vAcanA meM smaraNa ke AdhAra para kAlika zruta ke rUpa meM AgamoM kA punaH saMkalana kiyA gayA, yaha 'mAthuge vAcanA' kahalAtI hai| isI samaya valabhI meM nAgArjunasUri ke netRtva meM bhI eka muni-sammelana huA thA / isameM bhI smaraNa ke AdhAra para sUtroM kA saMkalana huaa| Arya skaMdila aura nAgArjunasUri ke paraspara puna: nahIM mila pAne se AgamoM kA vAcanA-bheda banA raha gyaa| isake 150 varSa bAda vIranirvANa ke 980 yA 993 varSa bAda (I. 453-466) valabhI meM devadhigaNi kSamAzramama ke netRtva meM puna: muni sammelana Ayojita kiyA gyaa| isameM pAThAMtaroM ko zuddha kara mAthurI vAcanA ke AdhAra para AgamoM ko lipibaddha kiyA gayA / dRSTivAda to phira bhI sarvathA nahIM mila pAyA / isa vAcanA ke samaya 11 aMgoM ke atirikta anya graMtha bhI likhe jA cuke the| usa samagra sAhitya ko 'Agama-sAhitya' meM antanihita mAnA gayA / isa sAhitya ke antargata 11 aMga, 12 upAMga, 6 chedasUtra, 4 mUlasUtra, ! 0 prakIrNaka aura 2 cUlikA - isa prakAra kula 45 graMtha sammilita haiN| dRSTivAda ko mAnakara 6 graMtha mAne jAte haiN| ye sabhI graMtha ardhamAgadhI bhASA meM haiM / ye AgamagraMtha gadya aura padya meM milate haiN| inakI bhASA meM ardhamAgadhI ke sAtha dezI bhASAoM kA prabhAva bhI parilakSita hotA hai| ina grathoM meM dArzanika aura saiddhAMtika viSayoM kA vivecana hai| kahIM-kahIM daSTAMtoM aura kathAnakoM kA Azraya liyA gayA hai| ina Agama graMthoM para niyukti, bhASya, cUrNI aura TIkA-nAmaka cAra prakAra ko vyAkhyAeM milatI haiN| ye saba prAkRta bhASA meM haiN| 'niyukti' se tAtparya hai sUtra kA nizcayAtmaka arth| ye AryA chaMda meM prAkRta gAthAoM meM viracita haiN| ye saMkSipta va padyabaddha haiN| inakI racanA pAcavIM-chaThI zatI se pahale hone laga gayI thii| 'bhASya sAhitya bhI prAkRta gAthAoM ke rUpa meM AryA chaMda meM likhA gayA hai| inakA racanAkAla cauthI-pAMcavIM zatI mAnA jAtA hai| nizItha, vyavahAra aura kalpa bhASya kA sabase adhika mahatva hai| 'cUNi-sAhitya' gadya meM hai| yaha mizrita prAkRta meM haiM, yaha saMskRtamizrita prAkRta hai| isameM tatkAlIna samAja va saMskRti kA acchA citraNa huA hai| 'TIkA- grathoM' meM se adhikAMza saMskRta meM haiN| kucha prAkRta meM haiN| valabhI vAcanA se pahale niyukti, TIkAeM likhI jA cukI thiiN| yaha saMpUrNa vyAkhyA-sAhitya jaina Agama sAhitya kA pUraka hI hai / [ 7 ]

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ardhamAgadho pAgama sAhitya 1 aMga (gaNipiTaka)-1 AyArAMga (AcArAMga), ' sUyagaDaMga (sUtrakRtAGga) 3 ThANAMga (sthAnAMga), 4 samavAyAMga, 5 viyAhapaNNatti (vyAkhyAprajJapti), 6 nAyAdhammakahA / jJAtRdharmakathA), 7 uvAsagadasAo upAsakadazA), 8 antagaDadasAo (antaHkRddazA), 9 aNuttarovavAiyadasAo ! anuttaropapAtikadazA), 10 pahavAgaraNAiM (praznavyAkaraNa), / / vivAgasuyaM (vipAkazrutaM), 12 diThuivAda (dRSTivAda 12 upAMga-1 ovavAiya (aupapAtika) 2 rAyapaseNaiya : rAjapraznIya), 3 jIvAbhigama 4 pannavaNA (prajJApanA) 5 sUriyapaNNa tti (sUrya-prajJapti), 6 jambuddIvapaNNa tti (jambUdvIpa prajJapti) 7 candapaNNatti (caMdraprajJapti) 8 nira yAvaliyAo / nirayAvalikA) 9 kappavaDaMviyAo (kalpAvataMsikA), 10 puphiyaao| puSpikA) 31 pupphacUliyAo (puSpacUlikA) 12 vaNhidasAo (vRSNi dazA) 6 chedasutta-(chedasUtra) 1 nisIha (nizItha), 2 mahAnisIha (mahAnizItha), 3 vavahAra (vyavahAra), 4 dasAsuyakkhandha ( dazAzrutaskandha ) athavA AcAradasA ( AcAradazA ) 5 kappasutta (kalpasUtra) 6 jIyakappa (jItakalpa) yA paMcakappa (paMcakalpa) / 4 mUlasutta-(mUlasUtra) / uttarajjhayaNa (uttarAdhyayana), 2 dasaveyAliya (dazavaikAlika) 3 Avassaya (aavshyk|, 4 piNDanijjutti (piNDaniyukti) (kahIM para 'oha nijjutti = oghniyukti)| 10paiNNaga (prakIrNaka ,-1 causa raNa (catuHzaraNa), 2 Au ra paccakkhANa (AturapratyavyAkhyAna) 3 mahApakcakkhANa (mahApratyAkhyAna), 4 bhattapaiNNA (bhaktaparijJA), 5 tandulabeyAliya (tandulavaicArika), 6 saMthAraga (saMstAraka),7 gacchAyAra (gacchAcAra), 8 gaNivijjA (gaNi vidyA), 9 devindatthaya (devendrastrava), 10 maraNasamAhI (maraNasamAdhi) / yadyapi prakIrNaka grantha aneka haiM, parantu vAlabhI-vAcanA ke samaya inhIM dasa granthoM ko Agama meM sammilita kiyA gayA thA / 12) cUlikAsUtra-1 nandI, 2 anuyogdvaar| ye donoM grantha anya AgamoM kI apekSA bahuta bAda ke mAne jAte haiM / bhASA aura viSaya kI dRSTi se aMga, mUlasUtra aura chedasUtra adhika prAcIna haiN| phira upAMga, prakIrNaka, cUlikAgraMtha Ate haiN| ina para TIkAgratha 17vIM zatI taka likhe jAte rahe / prAgama-vargIkaraNa ke anya prakAra - (1) sarvaprathama jaina AgamoM kA prAcInatama vargIkaraNa 'samavAyAMga' (samavAya, 136) meM milatA hai| vahAM AgamoM ke do varga kiye gaye haiM-pUrva aura aMga (dvaadsh)| jo sAhitya mahAvIra se pUrva nirmita kiyA gayA vaha 'pUrva' khlaayaa| inakI racanA 'dvAdazAMgoM' se pahale kI hai / [ 8 ]

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(2 naMdIsUtra (43 TIkA) meM AgamoM ke do vargIkaraNa diye haiN| prathama vargIkaraNa - 1 gamika-dRSTivAda / 2 agamika-kAlika-zruta-(AcArAMga aadi)| dvitIya vargIkaraNa1 aMgapraviSTa (gaNadha kRta), 2 aMgabAhya (sthvishkRt)| yaha vargIkaraNa devaddhigaNi kSama zramaNa ke samaya kA hai / aMgabAhya ke punaH do bheda haiM-1 Avazyaka aura 2 Avazyaka vyatirikta / Avazyaka ke 6 aura Avazyakavyatirikta ke 2 bheda haiM-kAlika (uttarAdhyayana Adi 31 bheda tathA utkAlika (dazavakAlika Adi 28 bhed)| aMgapraviSTa ke 12 (AcArAMga Adi dvAdazAMga) bheda haiM / tIrthaMkara dvArA upadiSTa aura gaNadhara tathA zrutakevalI dvArA saMkalita sAhitya 'aMgapraviSTa' tathA ArAtIya AcAryoM dvArA nirmita Agama aMgoM ke artha ke nikaTa yA anukUla hone se 'aMgabAhya' kahalAye / (3) digambara mAnyatA ke anusAra (tatvArthasUtra, 1/20) AgamoM ke do bheda haiM-aMga aura aMgabAhya / (a) aMga-12 haiN| nAma pUrvokta / 'dRSTivAda' ko 'bhUtavAda' bhI kahate haiN| isake pAMca bheda haiM-parikama, sUtra, prathamAnuyoga, pUrva gata aura cUlikA / 'parikarmake 5 bheda haiM - caMdraprajJapti, sUryaprajJapti, jambUdvIpaprajJapti, dvIpasAgaraprajJapti aura vyAkhyAprajJapti / 'cUlikA' ke bhI 5 bheda haiM-jalagata cUlikA, sthalagata, mAyAgata, rUpagata, AkAzagata * 'pUrva yA pUrvagata' 14 haiM-utpAda, agrAyaNIya, vIryAnupravAda, astinAstipravAda, jJAnapravAda, satyapravAda, AtmapravAda, karmapravAda, pratyAkhyAnapravAda, vidyAnupravAda, kalyANa, prANAvAya, kriyAvizAla, lokbiNdusaar| (a) aMgabAhya meM 24 prakIrNaka haiM sAmAyika, caturviMzatistava, vandanA, pratikramaNa, vinaya, kRtikarma, dazavaikAlika, uttarAdhyayana, kalpavyavahAra, kalpAkalpa, mahAkalpa, puNDarIka, mahApuNDarIka aura nizithika (ashiitikaa)| digambara mAnyatA ke anusAra 'dRSTivAda' ke hI kucha aMza zeSa raha gaye the| puSpadanta kA 'SaTkhaMDAgama' aura bhUtabali kA 'kaSAyaprAbhRta' ye donoM natha dRSTivAda ke 'pUrvo' ke AdhAra para hI likhe gaye haiN| parantu zvetAMbara-paramparA 'dRSTivAda' ko pUrNatayA vilupta mAnatI hai / zvetAmbara-mAnyatA ke anusAra Agama -koI 84 mAnate haiN| zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka samAja 45 Agama mAnatA hai, sthAnakavAsI aura terApaMthI 32 Agama mAnate haiM / ina vibhinna matoM ke anusAra AgamoM kI gaNanA nimna hai84 prAgama-11 aMga, 12 upAMga, 5 chedasUtra (paMcakalpa ko chor3akara), 5 mUlasUtra (uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, Avazyaka, naMdI, anuyogadvAra), 8 anya graMtha (kalpasUtra, jItakalpa, yatijItakalpa, zrAddhajItakalpa, pAkSika, kSAmaNA, vaMdittu, RSibhANita), 30 prakIrNaka / 45 prAgama-inakI gaNanA Upara kI gaI hai-11 aMga, 12 upAMga, 6 mUlasUtra, 6 chedasUtra aura 10 painnA (prakIrNaka) / [ 9 ]

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32 zrAgama - 11 aMga, 12 upAMga, 4 mUlasUtra ( dazavaikAlika, uttarAdhyayana, anuyogadvAra, nandI sUtra ), 4 chedasUtra (nizItha, vyavahAra, vRhatkalpa, dazAzru taskaMdha ), 1 Avazyaka sUtra | aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki prAcInatama zrutajJAna 14 'pUrvI' meM samAhita thA, jisakA mahAvIra ne apane 11 gaNadharoM ko upadeza diyA thA / kAlakrama se pUrvoM kA zrutajJAna lupta hotA gayA / aMta meM isakA dhAraka eka gaNadhara raha gayA, jisase yaha jJAnaM chaH pIr3hiyoM taka calA / phira vilupta ho gayA / 'prANAvAya' saMjJaka pUrva kA hI dUsarA nAma 'Ayurveda' hai / prANAvAya kA paricaya aura usakI prAcIna paramparA kA pRthak se vivecana kiyA jAyegA | zaurasenI zrAgama sAhitya digambara sampradAya uparyukta Agama sAhitya ko prAmANika nahIM maantaa| usake anusAra' mUla Agama graMthoM kA viccheda ho gayA / kevala dRSTivAda kA kucha praza avaziSTa rahA / usI zrutajJAna ke AdhAra para dharasenAcArya ke saMrakSaNa meM puSpadanta ne 'SaTkhaDAgama' (prathama pAMca khaMDa hI race), guNadharAcArya ne 'kaSAyapAhuDa ( kaSAyaprAbhRta) aura AcArya bhUtabali ne SaTkhaMDAgama ke chaThe khaMDa ke rUpa meM 'mahAbaMdha ' ( mahAdhavala ) kI racanA kI / ye hI dimambara sammata AgamasUtra haiM / puSpadanta aura guNadhara kA kAla vikrama kI prathama zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai / digambara paramparA meM inake atirikta AcArya kundakunda I. prathama yA dvitIya zatI) ke graMtha pravacanasAra Adi tathA yativRSabha (vi. saM. 530-666 ) kRta 'tiloyapattI' (trilokaprajJapti ) bhI AgamoM ke aMtargata mAne jAte haiM / 3 ' prANAvAya' jaina Ayurveda kI paramparA Ayurveda zabda 'Ayu' aura 'veda' - ina do zabdoM se mila kara kA artha hai jIvana aura veda kA artha jJAna / arthAt jIvana-prANa yA sambandha meM samagra jJAna Ayurveda se abhihita kiyA jAtA hai / jaina Agama - sAhitya meM cikitsA vijJAna ko 'prANAvAya' kahate haiM / yaha pAribhASika saMjJA hai / yaha 'dRSTivAda' nAmaka aMga ke antargata eka 'pUrNa' mAnA jAtA hai | jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI vANI arthAt upadezoM ko 12 bhAgoM meM bAMTA gayA hai / inheM jaina Agama meM 'dvAdazAMga' kahate haiM / ina bAraha aMgoM meM aMtima aMga 'dRSTibAda ' kahalAtA hai / yaha aba anupalabdha hai / 'sthAnAMgasUtra' (sthAna 4, udde zaka 1 ) kI vRtti' meM kahA gayA hai ki 'dRSTivAda' yA 'dRSTipAta' meM dRSTiyAM arthAt darzanoM aura nayoM kA ( mata-matAMtaroM) kA nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai - [ banA hai / Ayu jIvita zarIra ke 10 ]

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'daSTayo darzanAni nayA vA ucyante abhidhIyante patanti vA avataranti yatrAsau STivAdo STipAto vA / pravacana puruSasya dvaadshaangge|| 'pravacanasAroddhAra' (dvAra 144) meM bhI kahA hai - jisameM samyaktva Adi dRSTiyoM-darzanoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai, use 'dRSTivAda' kahate haiM_ 'dRSTidarzanaM samyaktvAdi, vadanaM vAdo vA dRSTInAM vAdo dRSTivAdaH / " sAmAnyatayA 'dRSTi' zabda se darzana aura 'vAda' zabda se caryA-yaha artha liyA jAtA hai| 'dRSTivAda' meM samagra jaina-jJAna-paramparA nihita thii| ___'nandIsUtra' meM dRSTivAda kA paricaya prApta hotA hai| isase jJAta hotA hai ki isa aMga ke aMtargata jina-praNIta samasta bhAvoM kA nirUpaNa thA / 'sthAnAMgasUtra' (101742) meM dRSTivAda ke nimna dasa paryAya batAye gae haiM1 aNujogagata (anuyogagata), 2 taccAvAta (tattvavAda), 3 didvivAta (dRSTivAda), 4 dhammAvAta (dharmavAda }, 5 puvvagata (pUrvagata), 6 bhAsAvijata (bhASAvijaya), 7 bhUyavAta (bhUtavAda), 8 sammAvAta (samyagvAda), 9 savvapANabhUtajIvasattasuhAvaha (sarvaprANabhUta jIvasattvasukhAvaha) aura 10 heuvAta (hetuvaad)| inameM se prathama aura pAMcavAM nAma dRSTivAda ke bheda-sUcaka haiN| inheM aupacArika rUpa se paryAyoM meM gina liyA gayA hai| samavAyAMga aura naMdIsUtra meM dRSTivAda ke pAMca bheda (vibhAga) batAye gae haiM1 pUrvagata, 2 sUtra, 3 prathamAnuyoga, 4 parikarma aura 5 cuulikaa| inameM se 'pUrvo' kA sarvAdhika mahattva hai| ___ 'pUrva' kA tAtparya hai aMtima tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra se pUrva (pahale) jo jJAna vidyamAna thA aura jisakA AdinAtha tIrthaMkara Adi pUrvavartI tIrthaMkaroM ne upadeza diyA thA / ata: yaha jaina-Agama kA prAcInatama aMza thaa| 'pUrva' sAhitya atyanta vistRta rUpa meM thA / isa vizAla sAhitya ke saMbaMdha meM vicitra mAnyatAeM bhI pracalita haiM / kalpasUtra' ke eka vRttikAra ne likhA hai prathama pUrva ko likhane ke lie eka hAthI ke vaz2ana jitanI syAhI cAhie, dvitIya pUrva ke lie do hAthiyoM jitanI, tIsare pUrva ke lie cAra hAthiyoM ke vajana jitanI syAhI cAhie / isa prakAra kramazaH dugunI-dugunI karate hue aMtimapUrva ke lie 8192 hAthiyoM ke vajana ke barAbara syAhI lagane kI bAta kahI gayI hai| yaha kathana atiraMjita avazya hai, parantu isase pUrvo ke sAhitya kI vizAlatA aura gaMbhIratA kA AbhAsa hotA hai| pUrvo kA astitva mahAvIra se pahale pramANita hotA hai| ata: pUrvo kA sAhitya atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai| 'pUrva' caudaha haiN| inameM se bArahaveM pUrva kA nAma 'prANAvAya' hai| isa pUrva meM manuSya ke Abhyantara arthAt mAnasika aura AdhyAtmika tathA bAhma arthAt zArIrika [ 11 ]

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svAsthya ke upAyoM, jaise - yama, niyama, AhAra, vihAra aura auSadhiyoM kA vivecana hai / sAtha hI, isameM daivika, bhautika, Adhibhautika, janapadodhvaMsI rogoM kI cikitsA kA vistAra se vicAra kiyA gayA hai / AThavIM zatAbdI ke digamba AcArya akalaMkadeva kRta 'tattvArthavAttika' (rAja vArtika) nAmaka grantha meM 'prANAvAya' kI paribhASA batAte hue kahA gayA hai'kAyacikitsAdyaSTAMga Ayurveda: bhUtikarma- jAMgulikaprakramaH prANApAna vibhAgo'pi yatra vistareNa varNitastat prANAvAyam / (rA. vA, a. 1, sU. 20 ) arthAt - jisameM kAryAcikitsA Adi ATha aMgoM ke rUpa meM sampUrNa Ayurveda, bhUtazAnti ke upAya (athavA mahAbhUtoM kI kriyA), viSacikitsA ( jAMgulikaprakrama) aura prANa - apAna Adi vAyuoM ke zarIra dhAraNa karane kI dRSTi se vibhAjana kA, pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai, use 'prANAvAya' kahate haiM / Ayurveda ke ATha aMgoM ke nAma haiM - kAyacikitsA (meDisina), zalyataMtra (sarjarI), zAlAkyatantra ( Iara, noja, throTa, oNphthelmolojI), bhUtavidyA, kaumArabhRtya, agadatantra, ( viSacikitsA), rasAyanatantra aura vAjIkaraNatantra / cikitsA ke samasta viSayoM kA samAveza ina ATha aMgoM meM ho jAtA hai / carakasaMhitA (sUtra, a. 30 ) meM agadatantra ko 'jAMgulikam' nAma diyA gayA hai| rAjavArtika meM bhI isI artha meM 'jAMgulikaprakrama' zabda AyA hai / 'kaSAyapAhur3a' para vIrasena ne 'jayadhavalA' nAmaka apUrNa TIkA likhI / isako unake hI ziSya jinasena ne I. 837 meM pUrNa kiyA / isa TIkA meM dvAdazAMga zruta ke aMtargata 'prANAvAya pUrva' kI vyAkhyA karate hue spaSTa kiyA gayA hai 'prANAvAyAvAda nAmaka pUrva dasa prakAra ke prANoM kI hAni aura vRddhi kA varNana karatA hai / pAMca indriyAM, tIna bala, Ayu aura zvAsocchavAsa - ye dasa prakAra ke prANa haiM / AhAra nirodha Adi kAraNoM se utpanna hue kadalIghAtamaraNa ke nimitta se Ayu- prANa kI hAni ho jAve, parantu Ayu -prANa kI vRddhi nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki navIna sthitibaMdha kI vRddhi hue binA utkarSaNa ke dvArA kevala sattA meM sthita karmoM kI sthitivRddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai / yaha koI doSa nahIM hai, kyoMki ATha apakarSoM ke dvArA Ayukarma kA baMdha karane vAle jIvoM ke Ayu-prANa kI vRddhi dekhI jAtI haiM / yaha 'prANAvAyapravAda pUrva' hAthI, ghor3A, manuSya Adi se sambandha rakhane vAle aSTAMga Ayurveda kA kathana karatA hai | yaha uparyukta kathana kA tAtparya samajhanA cAhie / Ayurveda ke ATha aMga kauna se haiM, batAte haiM-- zAlAkya, kAyacikitsA, bhUtataMtra, zalya, agadataMtra, rasAyanataMtra, bAlarakSA aura bIjavardhana - ye Ayurveda ke ATha aMga haiM / ( kaSAyapAhuDa, jayadhavalA TIkA, pejjadosaMdihatte, 1, gA. 113 ) / [ 12 ]

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gommaTasAra 'jIvakaNDa' kI gAthA 366 kI karnATavRtti meM nimna prakAra se prANAvAya kA artha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai 'prANAnAmAvAdaH prarUpaNamasminniti prANAvAdaM dvAdazaM pUrva mdu| kAyacikitsAdyaSTAMgamAyurvedaM bhUtikarmaja jAMguli prakrama IlApiMgalA suSumnAdibahuprakAra prANApAnavibhAgamaM dazaprANagalupakArakApakAra kadravyaM galumaM gatyAdyanusAradivaNisumullidvilakSaguNita paMcAzaduttaraSaTzatapadagalutrayodazaM koTigalappuvaM budtthN| 13 ko 130000000 / ' jIvatatvapradIpikA saMskRta chAyA- "prANAnAM AvAda: prarUpaNamasminnati prANAvAdaM dvAdazaM pUrva, tacca kAyacikitsAdyaSTAMgamAyurvedaM bhUtikarmajAMguliprakrama ilApiMgalAsuSumnAdibahuprakAraM prANApAna vibhAgaM dazaprANAnAM upakArakApakArakadravyANi gatyAdyanusAreNa vrnnyti| tatra dvilakSaguNitapaMcAzaduttaraSaMTchatAni padAni trayodazakoTya ityarthaH 13 ko.|" -"prANoM kA AvAda-kathana jisa meM hai vaha prANAvAya nAma bArahavAM pUrva hai| vaha kAyacikitsA Adi aSTAga- Ayurveda, jananakarma, jAMguliprakrama, Ir3A-piMgalA-suSumnA Adi aneka prakAra ke prANa - apAna, 'zvAsocchvAsa' ke vibhAga kA tathA dasa prANoM ke upakAraka-apakAraka dravyoM kA, gati Adi ke anusAra varNana karatA hai| usameM do lAkha se guNita chaha sau pacAsa arthAt teraha karor3a pada haiN|" zvetAmbara mAnyatA meM prANAvAya kA anya nAma 'prANAyu' pUrva bhI hai| Ayu aura prANoM ke bheda-prabhedoM kA vistAra se nirUpaNa hone ke kAraNa ise 'prANAyu' kahate haiM / ('prANAvAya' zabda kI nirukti bhI aisI hI hai)| dRSTivAda ke isa pUrva kI padasaMkhyA digambara mata meM 13 karor3a aura zvetAmbara mata meM 1 karor3a 56 lAkha thii| pada kA tAtparya zabda hai / arthasamApti kA nAma pada hai| jina akSaroM ke samuccaya se koI artha prakaTa ho vaha pada hai / parantu jaina-Agama meM zrutajJAnarUpa dvAdazAMga ke parimANa meM adhikAra mAnA gayA hai| pada ke nizcita svarUpa ke jJAna hetu aba koI paramparA vidyamAna nahIM hai| 'prANAvAya' kI uparyukta paribhASA ke anusAra zArIrazAstra (Anatomy and Physiology) aura cikitsAzAstra- ina donoM viSayoM kA varNana 'prANAvAya' meM milatA hai / isake sAtha 'yogazAstra' bhI anusyUta hai / nizcaya hI, bAhya hetu-zarIra ko sabala aura upayogI banAkara Abhyantara-Atma sAdhanA va saMyama ke lie jaina AcAryoM ne 'prANAvAya' (Ayurveda) kA pratipAdana kara akAla jarA-mRtyu ko dUrakara dIrgha aura sazakta jIvana hetu prayatna kiyA hai; kyoMki, dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa-ina cAroM puruSArthoM kI prapita ke lie zarIra kA svastha rahanA anivArya hai 1 jai. sA. vR. i. bhAga 1, pR. 51-52 [ 13 ]

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"dhamArthakAmamokSANAmArogyaM mUlamuttamam / " jaina-grantha 'mUlavAttika' meM Ayurveda-praNayana ke sambandha meM kahA gayA hai-"Ayurveda praNayanAnyathAnupatteH / " arthAt akAla jarA (vArdhakya) aura mRtyu ko ucita upAyoM dvArA rokane ke lie Ayurveda kA praNayana kiyA gayA hai| muni, AryikA, zrAvaka aura zrAvikA rUpI caturvidha jaina-saMgha ke lie cikitsA upAdeya hai / AgamoM kA abhyAsa, paThana-pAThana prArambha meM jaina yati-muniyoM taka hI sImita thA / jaina dharma ke niyamoM ke anusAra yati-muniyoM aura AryikAoM ke rugNa hone para ve zrAvaka-zrAvikA se apanI cikitsA nahIM karA sakate the / ve isake lie kisI se na to kucha kaha sakate the aura na kucha karA sakate the / ata eva yaha Avazyaka thA ki ve apanI cikitsA svayaM hI kareM athavA anya yati-muni unakA upacAra kreN| isake lie pratyeka yati-muni ko cikitsA viSayaka jJAna prApta karanA jarUrI thaa| kAlAntara meM jaba laukika vidyAoM ko yati-muniyoM dvArA sIkhanA niSiddha mAnA jAne lagA to dRSTivAda saMjJaka Agama, jisameM aneka laukika vidyAeM zAmila thIM, kA paThana-pAThana-krama banda ho gayA / zanaiH zanaiH usakA lopa hI ho gyaa| yaha paristhiti I. cauthI aura pAMcavI zatI meM AgamoM ke saMskaraNa aura pariSkAra ke lie huI kramazaH 'mAthurI' aura 'vAla bhI' vAcanAoM se bahuta pahale hI ho cukI thii| ataH ina vAcanAoM (muni-sammelanoM) meM dRSTivAda ko chor3akara anya ekAdaza AgamoM para to vicAra-vimarza huA, parantu 'dRSTivAda' upalabdha nahIM ho sakA / ata: use vyucchinna mAna liyA gyaa| isa prakAra isa aMga kI paramparA sarvathA lupta ho gayI athavA vikalarUpa meM kahIM kahIM (vizeSataH dakSiNa bhArata meM) pracalita rhii| sampUrNa 'dRSTivAda' meM dharmAcaraNa ke niyama, darzana aura nIti sambandhI vicAra, vibhinna kalAeM, jyotiSa, Ayurveda (cikitsA zAstra), zakuna zAstra, nimittazAstra, yantratantra Adi vijJAnoM, zilpoM aura viSayoM kA samAveza hotA hai / durbhAgya se aba dRSTivAda kA koI grantha nahIM miltaa| bAda ke sAhitya meM unakA vikIrNarUpa se ullekha avazya milatA hai / mahAvIra-nirvANa (IsavI pUrva 527) ke lagabhaga 160 varSa bAda 'pUrvo' sambandhI jJAna kramazaH naSTa ho gayA / samasta caudaha pUrvo kA antima zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu hI thA / vaha mahAprANavrata hetu nepAla jA cukA thaa| ataH kucha muniyoM ko isake jJAna hetu nepAla bhejA gyaa| kevala sthUlabhadra hI pUrvo kA jJAna prApta kara skaa| ataH zanaiH zanaiH isa jJAna kA naSTa honA svAbhAvika thaa| digambara mAnyatA ke anusAra bhadrabAhu ke 181 varSa bAda hue vizAkhAcArya se dharmasena taka dasa 'pUrvo' (aMtima cAra pUrvo ko chor3akara) kA jJAna pracalita rhaa| usake bAda unakA jJAtA koI AcArya nahIM rhaa| 'SaTkhaNDAgama' ke vedanAtmaka adhyAya ke prArambhika sUtra meM dasa pUrvo aura caudaha pUrvo ke jJAtA muniyoM ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| isa sUtra kI TIkA me vIrasenAcArya ne spaSTa kiyA hai ki 'pahale dasa pUrvo ke [ 14 ]

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jJAna se kucha muniyoM ko aneka prakAra kI mahAvidyAeM prApta hotI haiM, usase sAMsArika lobha aura moha utpanna hotA hai aura ve vItarAgI nahIM ho pAte / lobha-moha ko jItane se hI zrutajJAna prApta hotA hai|' samasta pUrvo ke ucchinna hone ke kAraNoM kI mImAMsA karate hue DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina ne likhA hai - "aisA pratIta hotA hai ki anta ke jina pUrvo meM kalAoM, vidyAoM, yantra-tantroM va indrajAloM kA nirUpaNa thA, ve sarvaprathama hI muniyoM ke saMyamarakSA kI dRSTi se niSiddha ho gye| zeSa pUrvo ke ucchinna ho jAne kA kAraNa yaha pratIta hotA hai ki unakA jitanA viSaya jaina-muniyoM ke lie upayukta va Avazyaka thA, utanA dvAdazAMga ke anya bhAgoM meM samAviSTa kara liyA gayA thA, isaliye ina racanAoM ke paThana-pAThana meM samaya-zakti ko lagAnA ucita nahIM samajhA gyaa|" 'prANavAya' kA avataraNa aura paramparA- jaina Ayurveda 'prANAvAya' kA Upara ullekha kiyA gayA hai| isakA vipula sAhitya prAcInakAla meM avazya rahA hogA / aba kevala ugrAdityAcArya viracita 'kalyAka kAra ka' nAmaka graMtha milatA hai / prANAvAya kA avataraNa kaise huA aura usakI janasamAja taka paramparA kaise pracalita huI ? isakA spaSTa varNana isa graMtha ke prastAvanA aMza meM milatA hai| usameM kahA gayA hai-prathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAna RSabhadeva / AdinAtha ke samavasaraNa meM upasthita hokara bharata cakravartI Adi bhavyo ne kahA ki "pahale 'bhogabhUmi' meM loga paraspara sneha kA bartAva karane vAle tathA kalpavRkSoM se aneka prakAra ke sukha prApta karane vAle hue / usake bAda kAlavazAt 'karmabhUmi' kA rUpa huaa| isameM devoM ne to dIrghAyu prApta kI, parantu manuSyoM me vAta-pitta-kapha ke prakopa se bhayaMkara vyAdhiyAM utpanna huii| zIta, atitApa, hima, vRSTi se pIr3ita tathA kAlakrama se mithyA AhAra-vihAra ke vazIbhUta manuSyoM ke lie ApahI zaraNAgata haiN| ata: anekavidha rogoM ke bhaya se ati duHkhI tathA AhAra va bheSaja kI yukti / soca-samajhaka ra upayoga karane kI vidhi) ko nahIM jAnane vAle manuSyoM ke lie svAsthya-rakSaNa kA vidhAna (niyamAdi) tathA rogiyoM ke lie cikitsA (kriyA) kA varNana kIjiye / " isa prakAra samasta saMsAra ko hitakAmanA se pramukha gaNadhara--pura: sara bharata cakravartI bhagavAn Adi pradhAnapuruSa se nivedana kara cupa ho ge| isa para bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke mukha se divyavANI ke rUpa meM zAradA devI prakaTa huii| isa vANI meM samasta Ayurveda ko sarvaprathama puruSa, roga, auSadha aura kAlaina cAra vargoM meM vibhakta karate hue nirUpaNa kiyA gyaa| isa 'vastu-catuSTaya' meM saMkSepa se samasta lakSaNa bheda-prabheda Adi batAte hue saMpUrNa viSaya kA pratipAdana huA / isase bhagavAn kI sarvajJatA sUcita huI / 1 DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina, bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadhama kA yogadAna, pR. 53 / 3 ugrAditya kRta 'kalyANakAraka' atha saMskRta meM hai, jise zolApura (mahArASTra) se san 1940 meM paM. vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI ne hindI anuvAda sahita prakAzita kiyA hai| 3 ka.ka, 111-10 / __ [ 15 ]

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isa prakAra bhagavAn kI divya vANI ke rUpa meM prakaTita cAra tatvoM vAle samasta paramArthazAstra (cikitsAzAstra) ko sAkSAt 'gaNadhara parameSThI' ne prApta kiyaa| isake bAda gaNadhara dvArA nirUpita isa zAstra ko nirmala buddhi vAle cAra 'muniyoM' ne prApta kiyaa| isa prakAra tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ke bAda yaha zAstra tIrthaMkara 'mahAvIra' taka calatA rahA (siddhamArga se pracalita rhaa)| yaha samasta zAstra atyaMta vistRta, doSahIna, gabhIra, arthayukta, svayaMbhU (tIrthaMkara kI vANI se udbhUta hone ke kAraNa , sanAtana (paramparAgata pracalita) hai| ise 'zruta ke valiyoM' ke mukha se zruta arthAt Agama-aMgoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle muniyoM ne sAkSAta rUpa se sunA hai / isa avataraNa-paramparA se spaSTa hotA hai ki prANAvAya (Ayurveda / kA jJAna tIrthaMkaroM ne pratipAdita kiyA hai / ataH isakA Agama meM samAveza hai| inase gaNadharoM ne, unase pratigaNadharoM ne, unase zruta ke valI aura unase-bAda meM hone vAle muniyoM ne kramazaH sunakara prApta kiyA / (yaha zrutajJAna hai / isI se, ugrAdityAcArya 'kalyANakAraka' meM pratijJA karatA hai ki usane 'tIrthaMkaroM kI vANI rUpa sAgara kI taraMga se uThI huI bUdoM ke samAna, samasta loka-hita kI kAmanA se maiMne yaha 'kalyANakAraka' graMtha banAyA hai'| jainoM dvArA pratipAdita aura mAnya 'prANAvAyAvataraNa' (AyurvedAvataraNa) kI yaha paramparA AyurvedIya carakasaMhitA, suzruta saMhitA Adi saMhitA-granthoM meM prApta paramparAoM se sarvathA bhinna aura navIna hai| ___ 'kalyANakAraka' meM prANAvAya sambandhI pUrvAcAryo dvArA praNIta aneka granthoM kA nAmollekha huA hai / usa meM likhA hai-'pUjyapAda' ne zAlAkya para, 'pAtrasvAmI' ne zalyataMtra, 'siddhasena ne viSa aura ugra graha-zamanavidhikA, 'dazaratha guru' ne kAyacikitsA para, 'meghanAda' ne bAla rogoM para aura 'siMhanAda ne vAjIkaraNa aura rasAyana para vaidyaka granthoM kI racanA kI thii| isI grantha meM yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki-'samantabhadra' ne vistArapUrvaka Ayurveda ke ATha aMgoM para grantha kI racanA kI thI (jisaprakAra vAgbhaTa ne 'aSTAMgasaMgraha' nAmaka grantha likhA thA) / samantabhadra ke aSTAMgavivecanapUrNa grantha ke AdhAra 1 divyadhvaniprakaTitaM paramArthajAtaM sAkSAttathA gaNadharo'dhijage samastam / pazcAt gaNAdhipanirUpitavAkprapaMcamaSTArdhanirmaladhiyo munayo'dhijagmuH / / evaM jinAMtaranibaMdhanasiddhamArgA dAyAtamAyatamanAkulamarthagADham / svAyaMbhuvaM sakalameva sanAtanaM tat sAkSAcchu taM zrutadalaH zrutakevalibhyaH / / " ka. 119-10) 2 prodyajjinapravacanAmRtasAgarAntaH prodyattaraMganisRtAlpasuzIkaraM vaa| kyAmahe sakalalokAhitakadhAma kalyANakArakamiti prathitArthayuktam / 8 ka. kA. 20/851 [ 16 ]

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para hI ugrAditya ne saMkSepa meM aSTAMgayukta 'kalyANakAraka' nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI / / 'kalyANa kAraka' meM varNita upayukta prANAvAya sambandhI sabhI grantha aba anupalabdha haiM / pUjyapAda ke vaidyaka grantha kI prati bhAMDArakara oriyaMTala risarca insTITyUTa, pUnA ke saMskRta hastalekha-granthAgAra meM surakSita hai / yaha saMdigdha hai / isa saMdarbha meM yaha jJAtavya hai ki pUjyapAda ke saMskRta kalyANakAraka kA kannar3a meM anUdita grantha aba bhI milatA hai, jo somanAtha kA likhA huA hai / prANAvAya kA prAcIna sAhitya 'ardhamAgadhI' bhASA meM likhA huA thaa| usI vizAla sAhitya ke AdhAra para sArasaMgraha karate hue guruoM kI kRpA se saba-prANikalyANa kI kAmanA se ugrAditya ne saMskRta bhASA meM 'kalyANakAraka' grantha kI racanA kI thIsarvArdhAdhikamAgadhIyavilasadbhASavizeSojvalaprANavAyamahAgamAdavitathaM saMgRhya saMkSepataH / ugrAdityagurugurugaNairudbhAsisaukhyAspadaM zAstraM saMskRtabhASayA racitavAnityeSa bhedastayoH / (ka. kA., a. 25, zlo. 54) kalyANakAraka prANavAya-paramparA kA aMtima grantha pratIta hotA hai / saMkSepa meM, prANAvAya kI paramparA aba lupta ho cukI hai| isake graMtha, kalyANakAraka' ko chor3akara, aba nahIM milate / 'kalyANakAraka' kA racanAkAla 8vIMzatI (aMtimacaraNa) hai| sAhitya ata: spaSTa hai ki prANAvAya kI yaha prAcIna paramparA madhyayuga se pUrva hI lupta ho cukI thii| kyoMki prANAvAya ke paramparAgata zAstroM ke AdhAra para yA unake sArarUpa meM I. AThavI zatAbdI ke anta meM dakSiNa ke Andhra prAnta ke prAcIna cAlukya (pUrvI) rAjya meM digambara AcArya ugrAditya ne 'kalyANakAraka' kI racanA kI thii| yahI eka mAtra aisA graMtha milatA hai jisameM prANAvAya kI prAcIna paramparA aura zAstra-granthoM kA ullekha prApta hotA hai / isa kAla ke bAda kisI bhI AcArya yA vidvAna ne 'prANAvAya' kA ullekha apane grantha meM nahIM kiyaa| madhyayuga meM prANAvAya-paramparA ke lupta hone ke aneka kAraNa ho sakate haiN| prathama, cikitsAzAstra eka laukika vidyA hai| aparigrahabrata kA pAlana karane vAle jaina sAdhuoM aura sAdhviyoM ke lie isakA sIkhanA niSprayojana thA, kyoMki ve bhramaNazIla hone se eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna para vicaraNa karate rahate the, zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM kI cikitsA karanA unake lie niSiddha thA, kyoMki isase moha aura parigraha-vRtti utpanna hone kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai| sAdhu yA sAdhvI kevala sAdhu yA sAdhvI varga kI cikitsA kara sakate the| saMyamazIla sAdhuoM kA jIvana vaise hI prAyazaH nIroga aura dIrghAyu hotA thaa| ataH sAdhuoM aura muniyoM ne cikitsA kArya ko sIkhanA dhIre-dhIre tyAga diyaa| pariNAmasvarUpa jaina paramparA meM prANAvAya kI paramparA kA kramazaH lopa hotA gyaa| 1 ka. ka. 201861 [ 17 ]

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dakSiNa bhArata meM to phira bhI IsavIya AThavIM zatAbdI taka prANAvAya ke grantha milate haiM / parantu uttarI bhArata meM to vartamAna meM prANAvAya kA pratipAdaka eka bhI prAcIna grantha prApta nahIM hotaa| isase jJAta hotA hai ki yaha paramparA uttarI bhArata meM bahuta kAla pahale se hI lupta ho gaI thI / phira IsavIya bArahavI zatAbdI meM hameM jaina zrAvakoM aura yati-muniyoM dvArA nirmita AyurvedIya grantha upalabdha hote haiM / grantha prANAvAya paramparA ke nahIM kahe jA sakate, kyoMki inameM kahIM para bhI prANAvAya kA ullekha nahIM hai / inameM pAye jAne vAle roganidAna, lakSaNa, cikitsA Adi kA varNana Ayurveda ke anya granthoM ke samAna hai / ye grantha saMkalanAtmaka aura maulika- donoM prakAra ke haiM / kucha TIkA graMtha haiM - jo prAcIna AyurvedIya granthoM para dezI bhASA meM yA saMskRta meM likhe gaye haiM / kucha graMtha padyamaya bhASAnuvAda mAtra haiM / vartamAna meM pAye jAne vAle adhikAMza graMtha isa prakAra ke haiM / jaina paramparA ke antargata zvetAmbarI sAdhuoM meM yaniyoM aura digambarI sAdhuoM meM 'bhaTTArakoM' ke AvirbhAva ke bAda isa prakAra kA sAhitya prakAza meM AyA / yatiyoM aura bhaTTArakoM ne anya paramparAtmaka jaina sAdhuoM ke viparIta sthAnavizeSa meM apane nivAsa banAkara jinheM 'upAzraya' (upAsare) kahate haiM, lokasamAja meM cikitsA, tantra-mantra ( jhAr3A-phU kI ) aura jyAtiSavidyA ke bala para pratiSThA prApta kI / jaina sAdhuoM me aisI paramparAeM prArambha hone ke pIche tatkAlIna sAmAjika vyavasthA kAraNIbhUta thI / bhAratIya samAja meM nAthoM, zAktoM, mahAyAnI bauddhoM Adi kA prabhAva laukika vidyAoM - cikitsA, rasAyana, jAdU-TonA, jhAr3A-phU kI, jyotiSa, tantra-mantra Adi ke kAraNa vizeSa bar3hatA jA rahA thaa| aise samAja ke sammukha apane sammAna aura mAnyatA ko kAyama rakhane hetu zrAvakoM ko prabhAvita karanA Avazyaka thA, jo ina laukika vijJAnoM aura vidyAoM ke mAdhyama se adhika sarala aura spaSTa thA / ata: sarvaprathama digambara mata meM bhaTTArakoM kI paramparA sthApita huI, bAda meM usI ke anusaraNa para zvetAmbaroM meM yatiyoM kI paramparA prArambha huI / inake sthAna prAya: jaina maMdiroM meM kAyama hue| ye upAsare, jahAM eka aura zrAvakoM aura unake baccoM ko laukika vidyaoM ( gaNita vyAkaraNa Adi) kI zikSA aura dharmopadeza ke kendra the to vahIM dUsarI ora cikitsA tantra-mantra aura jyotiSa Adi ke sthAna bhI the / ina yatiyoM aura bhaTTArakoM ne yoga aura tantra-mantra ke bala para aneka siddhiyAM prApta kara lI thIM, cikitsA aura rasAyana ke adbhuta camatkAroM se jana sAmAnya ko camatkRta aura AkarSita kiyA thA aura jyotiSa kI mahAn upalabdhiyAM prApta kI thIM / dakSiNa meM bhaTTArakoM kA prabhAva vizeSa parilakSita huA / inhoMne 'rasAyana' ke kSetra meM vizeSa yogyatA prApta kii| kucha aMza meM prANa vAya-paramparA ke samaya 8vIM zatAbdI taka hI rasAyana cikitsA arthAt khanija dravyoM aura pArada ke yoga se nirmita auSadhiyoM dvArA rogazamana ke upAya, adhika pracalita hue / dakSiNa 'siddhasampradAya' meM yaha cikitsA vizeSarUpa se prasiddha rahI / dazavIM zatAbdI taka uttarI bhArata ke Ayurve dIya granthoM meM dhAtu--sambandhI cikitsA prayoga svalpa milate haiM, jabaki AThavIM zatAbdI ke [ 18 ]

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'kalyANakAraka' nAmaka grantha meM aise saiMkar3oM prayoga ullikhita haiM, kucha prayoga to kinhIM prAcIna granthoM se udghRta kie gae haiM / kAlAntara meM vaha rasacikitsA siddhoM aura jaina bhaTTArakoM ke mAdhyama se uttarI bhArata meM bhI prasArita ho gaI aura yahAM bhI rasagraMtha race jAne prArambha ho gae / vastutaH rasacikitsA - sambandhI yaha dena dakSiNavAsiyoM kI hai, isameM bahulAMza jaina - vidvAnoM aura AcAryoM kA bhAga hai / isa prakAra prANavAya kI paramparA antargata athavA bAda meM anya kAraNoM se jaina yati-muniyoM, bhaTTArakoM aura zrAvakoM ne Ayurveda ke vikAsa aura AyurvedIya granthoM kI racanA meM mahAn yogadAna kiyA / ye grantha rAjasthAna, paMjAba, gujarAta, mahArASTra, karnATaka, madrAsa Adi ke hastalikhita granthAgAroM meM bhare par3e haiM / durbhAgya se inameM se adhikAMza grantha aprakAzita haiM aura kucha to ajJAta bhI haiM / inameM se kucha kAla - kavalita bhI cuke haiM / 4 jaina Ayurveda - sAhitya samIkSAtmaka adhyayana vibhAga - saMkSepa meM, jaina vidvAnoM dvArA praNIta Ayurveda - sAhitya ke adhyayana ko hama do bhAgoM meM bA~Ta sakate haiM prathama - jaina dharma ke Agama granthoM aura unakI TIkAoM Adi meM AyI huI Ayurveda - viSayaka sAmagrI kA adhyayana | dvitIya - jaina vidvAnoM dvArA praNIta 'prANAvAya' saMbandhI graMtha aura Ayurveda sambandhI svataMtra graMtha, TIkAeM aura yogasaMgraha Adi / apane isa zodha-adhyayana meM maiMne agrima pRSThoM meM 'jaina Ayurveda sAhitya' ke antargata uparyukta donoM prakAra ke sAhitya kA adhyayana prastuta karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai / jaina - vaidyaka grantha jaina - vaidyaka-granthoM ke apane sarvekSaNa se maiM jisa niSkarSa para pahuMcA hUM, usake nimna tIna pahalU haiM eka- -jaina vidvAnoM dvArA nirmita upalabdha vaidyaka sAhitya adhikAMza meM madhyayuga meM ( IsavIya 12vIM zatAbdI se 19vIM zatAbdI taka ) racA gayA thA / kucha grantha dakSiNa meM 7-8vIM zatI ke bhI, dakSiNa ke Andhra aura karnATaka kSetroM meM milate haiM, jaise - kalyANakAraka Adi / kucha dakSiNa ke grantha isase bhI prAcIna rahe hoMge / parantu ye bahuta kama haiM / dvitIya - upalabdha sampUrNa vaidyaka - sAhitya meM jainoM dvArA nirmita sAhitya usake eka-tihAI se bhI adhika hai | tRtIya - adhikAMza jaina vaidyaka granthoM kA praNayana pazcimI bhArata meM, jaise---paMjAba, rAjasthAna, gujarAta, kaccha, saurASTra aura karnATaka meM huA hai / kucha mAne meM rAjasthAna [ 19

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-t ko isa sandarbha meM agraNI hone kA gaurava aura zreya prApta hai / rAjasthAna meM nirmita aneka jaina - vaidyaka-granthoM, jaise vaidyavallabha ( hastirucigaNikRta ), yogaciMtAmaNi harSa kIrtisUrikRta) Adi kA vaidya - jagat meM bAhulyena pracAra-prasAra aura vyavahAra pAyA jAtA hai / jaina vidvAnoM ke vaidyaka grantha adhikAMza meM madhyayugIna bhASAoM jaise paMjAbI, rAjasthAnI, gujarAtI, karNATakI (kannar3a) meM tathA saMskRta meM prApta haiM / jaina vidvAnoM dvArA mukhyatayA nimna saMtaloM para vaidyaka-granthoM kA praNayana huA jaina yati-muniyoM aura bhaTTArakoM dvArA svecchA se grantha-praNayana / jaina yati-muniyoM dvArA kisI rAjA athavA samAja ke pratiSThita aura dhanI vyakti ( zreSThI Adi) kI preraNA, anurodha yA AjJA se grantha- praNayana / 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. svataMtra rUpa se jaina zrAvaka vidvAnoM aura cikitsakoM dvArA grantha-praNayana / jaina vidvAnoM dvArA likhita yaha saMpUrNa AyurvedavAGmaya aneka prakAra kA hai / isake nimna rUpa spaSTa haiM maulika-grantha ('kalyANakAraka' Adi ) sAra-saMkSepa-grantha ('DambhakriyA' Adi ) saMgraha -grantha ( 'yogaciMtAmaNi' Adi ) TIkA- grantha 5. anuvAda - grantha (bhASAnuvAda aura padyAnuvAda) 6. stabaka, TippaNI, TabbA - grantha 7. guTake ( samaya - samaya para prApta vaidyaka jJAna kA saMkalana ) ina sabakI kula saMkhyA bahuta vizAla hai | hindI - rAjasthAnI ke jaina vaidyaka-grantha hindI rAjasthAnI meM jaina yati-muniyoM aura zrAvakoM dvArA jo vaidyaka kRtiyAM likhI gaI haiM - unake nimna rUpa haiM 1. maulika yA svataMtra padyamaya racanA - jaise mAna kavikRta 'kavivinoda' (1688 I.) aura 'kavipramoda' ( 1689 I.), jinasamudrasUrikRta vaidyakasArodvAra yA vaidyakacitAmaNi (1680 I. ke lagabhaga), jogIdAsakRta 'vaidyakasAra' ( 1705 I.), nayanasukhakRta 'vaidyamanotsava' ( 1592 I ) meghamunikRta 'meghavinoda' ( 1761 I.), gaMgArAmayatikRta 'yati nidAna' (1821 I.) / 2. maulika yA svataMtra gadyamaya racanA - ye prAyaH yogasaMgraha ke rUpa meM milate haiM / inako 'guTakA' kahA jAtA hai / ye saMkalita haiM / inako 'AmnAyagrantha' bhI kahate haiM / kyoMki inameM pAraMparika vaidyaka nusakhoM ko saMgrahIta kiyA gayA hai / ye graMtha bahuta upayogI haiM / inameM anubhava siddha yoga rahate haiM / kabhI-kabhI viziSTa yoga ke sAtha usake [ 20 ]

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prayogakartA kA nAma bhI milatA hai, athavA lekhaka ko vaha yoga jisa viziSTa vyakti yA vaidya se prApta huA thA, usake nAma kA ullekha hotA hai| inameM sthAnIya rUpa se milane vAlI aura prayoga meM Ane vAlI oSadhiyoM, vanaspatiyoM aura dravyoM kA paricaya va prayogavidhi bhI prApta hotI hai| pItAMbara kRta 'AyurvedasArasaMgraha' isakA acchA udAharaNa hai| inameM aniyamita yoga saMgraha bhI milate haiN| kucha graMthoM meM rogAnusAra yogoM kA vyavasthita saMkalana hai| 3. mUla saMskRta grantha kA padyamaya anuvAda - saMskRta bhASA durUha hone se prAyaH aneka vidvAnoM ne Ayurveda ke upayogI pracalita granthoM kA padyamaya bhASAnuvAda kiyA / lakSmIvallabha ne zabhunAthakRta 'kAlajJAna' (1684 I.), mUtraparIkSA kA, samaratha ne vaidyanAthaputra zAntinAtha kI 'rasamaMjarI' kA ( 1707 I.), rAmacaMdra yati ne zAGgadharasaMhitA kA 'vaidyavinoda' nAma se (1669 I.) padyamaya bhASAbaMdha kiyA hai / anuvAdita graMtha kA nAma yA to vahI rakhA jAtA hai, jo mUla saMskRta graMtha kA hai athavA usakA nayA nAma rakha diyA jAtA hai| 4. mUla saMkRta granthoM ke gadyamaya anuvAda mA TIkA-saMskRta meM likhI gaI mUla viSayavastuko janasAdhAraNa ko samajhAne kI dRSTi se usapara bhASA meM gadya meM TIkA likhI gaI haiM / inameM viSaya ko vistAra se yA saMkSepa se samajhAyA gayA hai| isI AdhAra para ye TIkA-graMtha tIna rUpoM meM milate haiM 1 bAlAvabodha, 2 stabaka, 3 TabbA / 1. bAlAvabodha-'sarala aura subodha TIkA ko bAlAvabodha kahate haiN| isameM mUlapATha kA vivecana vistAra se, prAyaH choTe-choTe vAkya banAkara kiyA jAtA hai| isI se alpamati vAle sAmAnya jana bhI isako AsAnI se samajha sake / jaina paramparA meM bAlAbodha likhane kI prAcIna kAla se paripATI milatI hai| pahale ye dharmagraMthoM para likhe gaye / kahIM-kahIM lekhaka Apane svataMtra vicAra, dRSTAMta aura anubhava yA kathAeM bhI likhatA hai / isase loka sAhitya meM inakA mahatva hai / dIpakacaMdra vAcaka ne kalyANadAsakRta 'bAlataMtra' para 'bAlAvabodha' nAmaka gadya meM bhASAbaMdha likhA hai| 2. stabaka-yaha bAlAvabodha se kucha saMkSipta vyAkhyA hotI hai| isameM kevala viSaya ko hI spaSTa kiyA jAtA hai| kahIM-kahIM anya graMthoM se udAharaNa bhI diye jAte haiM / cainasukhayati ne bopadeva kI 'zatazlokI' para 'stabaka' bhASATIkA likhI (1763 ii.)| 3. TabbA-TabbA atyaMta saMkSipta TIkA hotI hai| mUlagrantha ke zabdoM ke arthamAtra likhe jAte haiM / isa saMkSipta bhASA TIkA ko 'TabbA' kahate haiM / 'zabda kA artha usake Upara, nIce yA pArzva meM likhA jAtA hai / ' cainasukhayati ne loliMbarAja ke 'vaidyajIvana' para 'TabbA' (18vIM zatI) kI racanA kI thii| 1 DaoN. hIrAlAla mAhezvarI, rAjasthAnI sAhitya, pR. 336-337 [ 21 ]

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5. phArasI ke yUnAnI cikitsAgraMthoM kA hindI-rAjasthAnI meM padyamaya bhASAnuvAda-yaha kArya atyaMta durUha hai / yUnAnI cikitsA ke apane paribhASika zabda haiM, jo bhAratIya samAja meM prAya: apracalita haiN| unako yahAM kI bhASA meM DhAlanA bahuta kaThina hai / bIkAnera ke jaina zrAvaka malUkacaMda ne yUnAnI vaidyaka ke 'tibba sahAbI' kA 'vaidyahulAsa' nAma se 18vIM zatI meM padyAnuvAda kiyA hai / isa vidhA kA yaha acchA udAharaNa hai| 6. bhASA meM mUlagrantha kI sArarUpa padyamaya racanA-mUlasaMskRta graMtha ke kucha aMzoM kA sAra lekara rAjasthAnI-hindI meM padyamaya anuvAda kA kArya bhI kiyA gayA hai| isameM pUrI racanA kA anuvAda nahIM hai| isa prakAra yaha AdhArita racanA ke rUpa meM padya-kRti hai / dharmavardhana yA dharmasI ne vAgbhaTa ke agnicikitsA-prakaraNa ke AdhAra para 'DaMbhakriyA' nAmaka choTI sI racanA banAyI hai (1683 I. / 'DaMbha' zabda agnikarma-(Dambhana yA ddaaNbhnaa| ke lie hai| hindI-rAjasthAnI meM vaidyaka ke bhASA- granthoM kI racanA jaina vidvAnoM ne anekavidha rUpoM meM kI hai / jaina vidvAnoM ne sadaiva janabhASA ko adhika mAnyatA aura Adara diyaa| mugalakAla meM rAjasthAna, gujarAta Adi kSetroM meM janabhASAoM ke vikAsa kA acchA avasara milA / hindI-rAjasthAnI meM racanAoM ke nirmANa kA vistAra saM. 1600 ke bAda se hI huA / isase pahale kI ravanAeM, prAkRta, apabhraza yA prAcIna rAjasthAnI kI haiM : zvetAMbara jaina-vidvAnoM kA isa kSetra meM bahulatA se yogadAna rahA hai / aneka samartha kavi aura cikitsaka hue haiM / jaina-vaidyaka-granthoM kI vizeSatAeM yaha nizcita hai ki jaina AcAryoM aura vidvAnoM dvArA vaidyaka-karma aMgIkAra kiye jAne para cikitsA meM kucha viziSTa prabhAva parilakSita hue| unake dvArA nirmita vaidyakagranthoM ke vizleSaNa se ye prabhAva aura pariNAma vizeSatAoM ke rUpa meM spaSTa dRSTigocara hote haiM, jo nimna haiM1. ahiMsAvAdI jainoM ne zavacchedana-praNAlI aura zalya-cikitsA ko hiMsaka kArya mAna kara cikitsA kSetra meM unheM apracalita kara diyaa| pariNAmasvarUpa hamArA zArIra sambandhI jJAna zanaiH zanaiH kSINa hotA gayA aura zalyacikitsA kA hrAsa ho gayA / 2. jahAM eka ora jaina vidvAnoM ne zalyacikitsA kA niSedha kiyA, vahAM dUsarI ora unhoMne rasayogoM (pArada se nirmita, dhAtuyukta va bhasmeM ) aura siddhayogoM kA bAhulyena upayoga karanA prArambha kiyaa| eka samaya aisA AyA jaba saba rogoM kI cikitsA siddhayogoM dvArA hI kI jAne lagI, jaisA ki Ajakala ailopaithika cikitsA meM saba rogoM ke lie peTenTa yoga prayukta kiye jA rahe haiN| navIna siddhayoga aura ra sayoga bhI pracalita hue| ye siddhayoga svAnubhUta aura prAyogika pratyakSIkRta the / 3. bhAratIya vaidyakazAstra ke dRSTikoNa ke AdhAra para (vAta-pitta-kapha ke siddhAMtAnusAra) roga-nidAna ke lie nAr3o-parIkSA, mUtra-parIkSA Adi ko jaina vidvAnoM ne vizeSa 1 22 ]

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mAnyatA aura prazraya diyaa| yaha unake dvArA ina viSayoM para nirmita aneka granthoM se jJAta hotA hai| 4. jaina vidvAnoM ne apane dhArmika siddhAMtoM ke AdhAra para hI mukhya rUpa se cikitsAzAstra kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| jaise-ahiMsA ke Adarza para unhoMne cikitsA meM madya, mAMsa aura madhu ke prayoga kA sarvathA niSedha kiyA hai, kyoMki isameM pratyakSa yA parokSa rUpa se aneka prANiyoM kI hiMsA hotI hai| isa ahiMsA kA ApatkAla meM bhI pUrNa vicAra rakhA gayA hai| 'kalyANakAraka' meM to mAsa-bhakSaNa ke niSedha kI yuktiyukta vistRta vivecanA svataMtra rUpa se kI gaI hai| 5. cikitsA meM jainoM dvArA vanaspati, khanija, kSAra, lavaNa, ratna, uparatna Adi kA vizeSa rUpa se pracalana kiyA gyaa| isaprakAra kevala vAnaspatika aura khanija dravyoM se nirmita yogoM kA jaina vidvAnoM dvArA cikitsA kArya meM vizeSa pracalana kiyA gayA / yaha Aja bhI sAmAnya vaidya jagat meM vyavahAra meM parilakSita hotA hai / 6. siddhayoga cikitsA svAnubhUta viziSTa yogoM dvArA cikitsA) pracalita hone se jaina vaidyaka meM tridoSavAda aura paMca bhUtavAda ke gaMbhIra tatvoM ko samajhane aura unakA rogoM se va cikitsA se sambandha sthApita karane kI mahAna aura gUr3ha Ayurveda-praNAlI kA hrAsa hotA gayA aura kevala lAkSaNika cikitsA hI adhika vikasita hotI gii| jainAcAryoM ne svAnubhUta evaM prAyogika pratyakSIkRta prayogoM aura sAdhanoM dvArA roga-mukti ke upAya batAye haiN| zArIrika aura mAnasika svAsthya ke lie parIkSaNoparAnta saphala siddha hue prayogoM aura upAyoM ko unhoMne lipibaddha kara diyaa| jainadharma ke zvetAmbara aura digambara-donoM hI sampradAyoM ke AcAryoM ne isa kArya meM mahAn yogadAna kiyA hai / aneka jaina vaidyoM ke cikitsA evaM yogoM sambandhI 'guTa ke' (paramparAgata nuskhoM ke saMgraha, jinheM 'AmnAya-graMtha' kahate haiM bhI milate haiM, jinakA anubhUta-prayogAvalI ke rUpa meM avazya hI bahuta mahatva hai| ". jaina siddhAMtAnusAra rAtribhojana-- niSedha Adi viSayoM kI yuktipuraHsara carcA bhI milatI hai| 8. zarIra ko svastha, hRSTapuSTa aura niroga rakhakara kevala aihika sukha bhoganA hI jIvana kA antima lakSya nahIM hai, apitu zArIrika svAsthya ke mAdhyama se Atmika svAsthya va sukha prApta karanA hI jainAcAryoM ko abhipreta thaa| isake lie unhoMne bhakSyA bhakSya, sevAsevya Adi padArthoM kA bhI upadeza diyA hai| isakA eka mAtra uddezya yaha hai ki manuSya jIvana kA antima lakSya pAramArthika svAsthya prApta kara kevalatva (mokSa) prApta karanA hai| 9. aneka jaina-vaidyaka graMthoM meM pradeza-vizeSa meM hone vAlI sthAnIya vanauSadhiyoM ke prayoga bhI milate haiM / inakA jJAna upayoga aura vyavahAra kI dRSTi se bahuta mahatvapUrNa hai| / 23 ]

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10. janasAmAnya meM roganirodhaka upAyoM aura svasthavRtta-sadvatta ke pracAra dvArA 'Preventive Medicine kA vyAvahArika anuSThAna bhI jainavidvAnoM dvArA saMpanna huaa| 11. jaina vaidyaka-graMtha, adhika saMkhyA meM prAdezika bhASAoM meM upalabdha hai| yahI loka-jIvana ke vyavahAra aura pracAra kA mAdhyama thA / (jaina vidvAnoM dvArA kucha graMthoM kA bhASAnuvAda va padyAnuvAda kiye jAne se aneka Ayurveda ke gUr3ha granthoM kA sarala rUpa sAmane AyA) / ata: jaina yati-muniyoM dvArA unhIM bhASAoM meM graMtha likhanA Avazyaka thaa| phira bhI, saMskRta meM racita jaina vaidyaka-graMthoM kI saMkhyA nyUna nahIM hai / isa prakAra jaina AcAryoM aura vidvAnoM dvArA vaidyaka sambandho jo racanAeM nirmita kI gaI haiM, una para saMkSepa meM Upara prakAza DAlA gayA hai / jaina-prAyurveda kA sAMskRtika yogadAna bhAratIya saMskRti meM cikitsA kA kArya atyanta mahatvapUrNa aura pratiSThita mAnA gayA hai; kyoMki prasiddha AyurvedIya grantha 'carakasaMhitA' meM likhA hai - "na hi jIvitadAnAddhi dAnamanyaviziSyate" (ca. ci. a. I, pA 4, zlo. 61) / arthAt jIvanadAna se bar3hakara anya koI dAna nahIM hai| cikitsA se kahIM dharma, kahIM artha (dhana), kahIM maitrI, kahIM yaza aura kahIM kArya kA abhyAsa hI prApta hotA hai, ataH cikitsA kabhI niSphala nahIM hotI "kvaciddharmaH kvacidarthaH kvacinmaitrI kvacidyazaH / karmAbhyAsaH kvaciccaiva cikitsA nAsti niSphalA / / ___(a. ha , uttarataMtra) ataeva pratyeka dharma ke AcAryoM aura upadezakoM ne cikitsA dvArA lokaprabhAva sthApita karanA upayukta samajhA / bauddhadharma ke pravartaka bhagavAn buddha ko 'bhaiSajyaguru'' kA vizeSaNa prApta thA / viSNu ke avatAra ke rUpa meM 'dhanvantari' kI pratiSThA ho cukI thii| ziva kA eka avatAra 'lakulIza' (nakulIza) svayaM viSa aura rasAyana cikitsA ke pravartaka mAne gaye the| (lakulIza kI mUrti ke eka hAtha meM nAkulI nAmaka vanaspati aura dUsare hAtha meM haraDa yA bijorA isa tathya ke sUcaka haiN)| isI bhAMti, jaina tIrthaMkaroM aura AcAryoM ne bhI cikitsA-kArya ko dhArmika zikSA aura nitya- naimittika kAryoM ke sAtha pradhAnatA pradAna kii| dharma ke sAdhanabhUta zarIra ko svastha rakhanA aura rogI hone para rogamukta karanA Avazyaka hai - isalie jaina-paramparA meM tIrthaMkaroM kI bhI vANI ke rUpa meM prodbhAsita AgamoM aura aMgoM ke antargata vaidyaka vidyA ko pratiSThApita kiyA gayA hai| ata: yaha jaina dharmazAstra kA aMga hai / adyAvadhi pracalita jaina 'upAzrayA' (upAsarA) praNAlI meM jahAM jaina yati-muni sAmAnya vidyAoM kI zikSA, dharmAcaraNa kA upadeza aura paramparAoM kA mArgadarzana karate rahe haiM, vahIM ve upAzrayoM ko cikitsA-kendroM ke rUpa meM samAja meM pratiSThita karane meM bhI saphala hue haiN| isa prakAra sAmAnyatayA vaidyakavidyA ko sIkhanA aura niHzulka [ 24 ]

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samAja kI sevA karanA jaina-yati-muniyoM ke dainika jIvana kA aMga bana gayA thA, jisakA saphalatApUrvaka nirvAha bhI unhoMne ailopaithika cikitsA-praNAlI ke pracAra-prasAra hone paryanta yathAvat kiyA haiM; parantu isa navIna cikitsA-praNAlI ke prasAra se unake isa loka-hitakara kArya kA prAyaH lopa hotA jA rahA hai| yahI kAraNa rahA ki jaina AcAryoM aura yati-muniyoM dvArA aneka vaidyaka-granthoM kA praNayana hotA rahA hai| sAMskRtika dRSTi se jaina vidvAnoM aura yati-muniyoM dvArA samAja meM cikitsAkArya karane aura cikitsA-grantha-praNayana dvArA tathA aneka udAramanA jaina-zreSThiyoM dvArA vibhinna sthAnoM para dharmArtha (niHzulka) cikitsAlaya va auSadha-zAlAeM yA puNyazAlAeM sthApita kara bhAratIya samAja ko yogadAna prApta hotA rahA hai| nizcita hI, unakI yaha dena sAMskRtika aura vaijJAnika dRSTi se atyanta mahatvapUrNa kahI jA sakatI hai / [ 25

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adhyAya-2 jaina Agama-sAhitya meM Ayurveda-sAmagrI jaina Agama sAhitya kI vivecanA saMkSepa meM pahale kI jA cukI hai| mUla Agama sAhitya aura usake vyAkhyA-sAhitya (niyukti, bhASya, cUNi aura TIkA, meM Ayurveda sambandhI vipula sAmagrI sannihita hai| usakA yahAM digdarzana-mAtra prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai / / cikitsA 'sthAnAMgasUtra' meM Ayurveda yA cikitsA (tegiccha, caikitsya) ko nau 'pApazrutoM' meM ginA gayA hai| ye nau 'pApazruta' isa prakAra haiM1 utpAta-rudhira kI vRSTi Adi athavA rASTrotpAta kA pratipAdana karane vAlA zAstra / 2 nimitta- atIta kAla ke jJAna kA paricAyaka zAstra / 3 maMtrazAstra / 4 AkhyAyikA ( Aikkhiya)-mAMtagI vidyA jisase cAMDAlinI bhUtakAla kI bAteM batAtI hai| 5 cikitsA (Ayurveda) 6 lekha Adi 72 kalAeM / 7 AvaraNa (vAstu vidyA) 8 aNNANa (ajJAna)- bhArata, kAvya, nATaka Adi laukika zruta / 9 micchApavayaNa (mithyApravAna) buddha-zAsana Adi / 'nizIthacUrNI' se jJAta hotA hai ki dhanvantari isa zAstra ke mUla pravartaka the / unhoMne apane niraMtara jJAna se rogoM kA jJAna kara vaidyakazAstra yA Ayurveda kI racanA kii| jina logoM ne isa zAstra kA adhyayana kiyA, ve 'mahAvaidya' kahalAye / Ayurveda ke ATha aMgoM (vibhAgoM) kA ullekha bhI jaina Agama graMthoM meM milatA hai / ye ATha vibhAga haiN| kaumArabhRtya ! bAlakoM sambandhI rogoM kI cikitsA) / 2 zAlAkya (karNa Adi zarIra ke UrdhvabhAga arthAt zira ke rogoM kI cikitsA / 1 sthAnAMgasUtra 916178; tathA sUtrakRtAMga 221 30 3 nizIthacUrNI 15, pR. 592 [ 26 ]

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3 zalyahRtya (tRNa, kASTha, pASANa, lohA, asthi, nakha Adi zastroM kA uddhrnn)| 4 kAyacikitsA (jvara, atisAra Adi rogoM kA upshmn)| 5 jAMgulI (viSaghAtaka tNtr)| 7 rasAyana (Ayu, buddhi Adi bar3hAne kA tNtr)| 8 vAjIkaraNa (vIryavardhaka auSadhiyoM kA shaastr)|1 cikitsA ke mukhya cAra pAda mAne gaye haiM - 1. vaidya, 2. rogI, 3. auSadhi aura 4. prati caryA (paricaryA) karane vAlA (paricAraka / sAmAnyatayA vidyA aura maMtroM, zalyacikitsA aura vanauSadhiyoM (jar3I-bUTiyoM) se cikitsA kI jAtI thI aura isake AcArya yatra-tatra mila jAte the| jaisA ki nimna ullekha se jJAta hotA hai anAthI muni ne magadha samrATa rAjA zreNika se kahA- "jaba maiM akSi-vedanA se atyanta pIr3ita thA, taba mere pitA ne merI cikitsA ke lie vaidya, vidyA aura maMtroM ke dvArA cikitsA karane vAle AcArya, zalyacikitsaka aura auSadhiyoM ke vizArada AcAryoM ko bulAyA thaa|' cikitsA kI aneka paddhatiyA~ pracalita thiiN| inameM Ayurvedika cikitsA paddhati sarvamAnya thii| paMcakarma-vamana, virecana Adi kA bhI vipula pracalana thaa| rasAyanoM kA sevana karAkara bhI cikitsA kI jAtI thii| cikitsaka vaidya ko 'prANAcArya' bhI kahA jAtA thA / pazu cikitsA ke vizeSajJa bhI hote the| kisI eka vaidya ne cikitsA kara eka siMha kI AMkheM khola dii|' vaidyakazAstra ke vidvAna (vaidya) ko 'draSTapAThI' (pratyakSakarmAbhyAsa dvArA jisane vAstavika adhyayana kiyA hai) kahA gayA hai| 'vipAkasUtra' kI nimna paMktiyoM meM tatkAlIna 'vaidyakarma' kA sundara rIti se varNana huA hai 1 sthAnAMgasUtra 8, pR. 404, vipAkasUtra 7, pR. 41, ina pATha aMgoM kA vizeSa varNana suzrutasaMhitA sUtrasthAna a. 118 paramilatA hai| 5 uttarAdhyayana, 20:23 / uttarAdhyayana, 20122 4 uttarAdhyayana, 1518 bRhadvRtti, patra 11 6 bRhadvRtti, patra 475 ' bRhatvRtti, patra 462 'kenacid bheSajA vyAghrasya cakSurUdghATitamaTavyAm / 8 nizIthacUrNI 711757 [ 27 ]

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"vaidya apane ghara se zastrakoSa lekara nikalate the aura roga kA nidAna (nizcaya) kara abhyaMga, ubaTana (udvartana), snehapAna, vamana, virecana, avadahana - (garma lohe kI zalAkA Adi se dAganA), avasnAna (auSadhiyoM ke jala se snAna karanA), anuvAsanA (yaMtra dvArA tela Adi ko apAna dvArA peTa meM car3hAnA), bastikarma (carmaveSTana dvArA sira Adi meM tela lagAnA, athavA gudA bhAga meM battI Adi car3hAnA), zirAvedha (zirA ko kholakara rakta nikAlanA), takSaNa (chure Adi se tvacA kATanA), pratakSaNa (tvacA kA thor3A sA bhAga kATanA), zirobasti / sira para carmakoza bAMdhakara usameM auSadhi dvArA saMskRta tela kA pUranA), tarpaNa (zarIra meM tela lagAnA), puTapAka (vizeSa prakAra se pakAkara auSadhi yA auSadhi kA rasa taiyAra karanA tathA chAla, vallI (gujA Adi), mUla, kaMda, patra, puSpa, phala, bIja, zilikA, (cirAyatA Adi kar3avI auSadha), guTikA, auSadha aura bheSajya se rogI kI cikitsA karate the|" ___'nizIthacUNI' meM pratakSaNazastra, aMgulizastra, zirAvedhazastra, kalpanazastra, lauhakaTikA, saMDasI, anuvedhana zalAkA, brIhimukha aura sUcimukha zastroM kA ullekha milatA hai|" tatkAlIna aneka vaidyoM kA ullekha jaina Agama graMthoM meM milatA hai aura unake dvArA kI gaI cikitsA kA varNana bhI prApta hotA hai / ' 'vipAkasUtra' vijayanagara ke dhanvantari nAmaka vaidya kA ullekha hai, vaha Ayurveda ke ATha aMgoM meM kuzala thA aura rAjA, Izvara sArthavAha, durbala, mlAna, rogI, anAtha, brAhmaNa, zramaNa, bhikSuka, karpATika Adi ko machalI, kachuA, grAha, magara, saMsumAra, bakarI, bher3a, sUara, mRga, kharagoza, gAya, bhaiMsa, tItara, battaka, kabUtara, mayUra Adi ke mAMsa kA sevana karAte hue cikitsA karatA thA / dvArakA meM rahane vAle vAsudeva kRSNa ke dhanvantari aura vaitaraNI nAmaka do prasiddha vaidya the / _ 'vijayavardhamAna' nAmaka gAMva kA nivAsI 'ikkAI' nAmaka rASTrakUTa thaa| vaha pAMca sau gAMva kA svAmI thaa| eka bAra vaha aneka rogoM se pIr3ita huaa| usane yaha ghoSaNA kI ki jo vaidya (zAstra aura cikitsA meM kuzala), vaidyaputra. jJAyakaH (kevala zAstra meM kuzala), jJAyakaputra, cikitsaka (kevala cikitsA meM kuzala) aura cikitsakaputra usake roga ko dUra karegA, vaha vipula dhana dekara usakA sammAna kregaa| 1 vipAkasUtra 1, pR. 8 2 nizIthacUrNI 1113436 3 vipAkasUtra 7, pR. 41 + prAvazyakacUrNI pR. 460 5 vipAka sUtra 1 pR. 7, AvazyakacUrNI 2, pR. 67, suzruta, sUtra. pra. 114,47-50 meM tIna prakAra ke vaidyoM kA ullekha hai - kevala zAstra meM kuzala, kevala cikitsA meM kuzala aura zAstra va cikitsA donoM meM kuzala / / 28 ]

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usa samaya ke aneka rAjavaidyoM (rAjA aura usake parivAra ke lie niyukta vadya) kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| inakI AjIvikA kA prabaMdha rAjya kI ora se hotA thA, kintu kArya ThIka na karane para usakI AjIvikA banda kara dI jaatii| eka bAra kisI vaidya ko juA khelane kI Adata par3a gaI thii| usake vaidyakazAstra aura zastrakoza donoM naSTa ho gaye, isalie cikitsA karane meM vaha asamartha ho gyaa| usakA vaidyakazAstra kisI ne curA liyA thA aura zastrakoSa ke zastroM para jaMga (jara) laga gayA thA / isalie rAjA ne usakI AjIvikA banda kara dii|1 kisI rAjA ke vaidya kI mRtyu ho gaI, usakA eka putra thaa| rAjA ne use par3hane ke lie bAhara bheja diyaa| eka bAra bakarI ke gale meM kakar3I phaMsa gii| bakarI vaidya ke pAsa lAI gii| vaidya ne pUchA 'yaha kahAM cara rahI thI ?' uttara milA 'bAr3e meM' / vaidya ne samajha liyA ki bakarI ke gale meM kakar3I aTaka gaI hai| usane bakarI ke gale meM kapar3A bAMdha kara use isa taraha maror3A ki kakar3I TUTa gii| vaidya kA putra par3halikhakara rAjadarabAra meM lauTA, rAjA ne samajhA ki meghAvI hone ke kAraNa vaha zIghra vidyA sIkhakara lauTa AyA hai aura use sammAnapUrvaka apane pAsa rakha liyA / eka bAra rAnI ko galagaNDa ho gayA. vaidyaputra ne usase vahI prazna kiyA jo usake gurU ne kiyA thA aura vahI uttara milaa| vaidyaputra ne rAnI ke gale meM vastra lapeTa kara use aisA maror3A ki vaha mara gaI, yaha dekha kara rAjA ko bahuta krodha AyA aura usane vaidya-putra ko daNDita kiyA / kisI rAjA ko akSiroga ho gayA / vaidya ne dekhakara AMkha meM AMjane ke lie goliyAM diiN| unake lagAne se AMkha meM tIvra vedanA hotI thii| parantu vaidya ne pahale hI rAjA se vacana le liyA thA ki vedanA hone para bhI use vaha daNDa na degaa| rogotpatti aura rogajJAna vAta, pitta, kapha aura sannipAta se hone vAle rogoM kA ullekha milatA hai| roga kI utpatti ke nau kAraNa batAye gaye haiM-1. atyanta bhojana, 2. ahitakara bhojana, 3. atinidrA, 4. atijAgaraNa, 5. purISa kA nirodha, 6. mUtra kA nirodha, 1. mArgagamana, 8. bhojana kI aniyamitatA, 9. kAmavikAra / purISa ko rokane se 1 vyavahAra bhASya 5123 2 bRhatkalpa bhASya poThikA, 376 OM bRhatkalpa bhASya poSThakA 111277 4 AvazyakacUrNI pR. 385, bRhatkalpabhASya 314408-10 sthAnAMgasUtra 91667, (tulanA kIjie milinda-prazna' pR. 135, isameM roga ke dasa kAraNa batAye gaye haiN|) | 29 ]

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maraNa, mUtra ko rokane se dRSTihAni aura vamana ke nirodha se kuSTha roga kI utpatti hotI hai / ' T 'dazavekAlika' saMjJaka Agama meM kahA gayA hai 'mala-mUtra ke vega ko na roke / mala- mUtra kI bAdhA hone para prAsuka sthAna dekha kara, grahasvAmI kI AjJA le, usase nivRtta ho jAe 2 zArIrika vegoM ko rokane se aneka prakAra ke sthavira ne malamUtrAdi ke AvegoM ko rokane se hone kahA hai - mUtra kA vega rokane se cakSu kI jyoti naSTa hotI hai / se jIvanI zakti kA nAza hotA hai / hai / vIrya kA vega rokane se puruSatva naSTa hotA hai / yA koDha bhI ho jAtA hai | 4 roga utpanna hote haiM / agastya siMha vAle rogoM kA digdarzana karAte hue mala kA vega rokane UrdhvavAyu ko rokane se kuSTharoga utpanna hotA vamana ko rokane se 'valgulI' roga, vyAdhi aura AtaMka meM antara batAyA dera se hotI hai, kintu vyAdhi se vaha zIghra mara dhiyoM kA ullekha milatA hai : gayA hai / jAtA hai / zvAsa, kAsa, jvara, dAha, kukSizUla, bhagandara, arza, ajIrNa, dRSTizUla, mUrdhazUla, arocaka, akSivedanA, karNavedanA, kaNDU, jalodara aura kuSTha / 5 1 apasmAra, 'AcArAGgasUtra' meM 16 rogoM kA ullekha hai - gaMDI ( gaNDamAlA), kuSTha, rAjayakSmA, kANiya ( kANya, akSiroga), jhimiya ( jar3atA ), kuNiya ( hInAGgatA khajjiya ( kubar3Apana ), udararoga, mUkatva, sUnIya (zotha ), gilAsaNi ( bhasmakaroga), vevaI (kampana), pIThasappi paMgutva), silIvaya ( zlIpada yA phIlapAMva ) aura madhumeha | " 1 bRhatkalpabhASya 314380 2 dazakAlika 511119 3 agastya cUriNa - -- 'muttanirohe cakkhu vacyanirohe ya jIviya cayati / uDDha nirohe koTa, sukkanirohe bhavai zrapumaM / / kI mRtyu roga se manuSya nimna 16 prakAra kI vyA aSTAMgahRdaya suutr-4|1-4 para veganirodhajanya rogoM kA varNana hai / 4 jinadAsacUriMga pR. 354-355 [ 30 bhavaharikaraNa muhe aggisiyaM vaMtaM tassa paDipIyaraNaM nizIya bhASyapIThikA 230 ga tahA vihiya bhavati, taM zratIva rase na balaM, naucchAhakArI, vilIgatayA ya paDieti, vagguliM vA jaraNayati tato koDha vA jaragati / 5] vipAka sUtra 1, 7 pR. 6 AcArAMgasUtra 6 / 1 / 73, vipAka, 1 pR. 7, nizItha bhASya 1113646, uttarAdhyayanasUtra 10127, nizIthabhASya 11599 para mUtrazarkarA ( muttasakkara) kA ullekha hai / ] *

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'jJAtAdharmakathA' aura 'vipAkasUtra' meM bhI 16 rogoM kA ullekha milatA hai - zvAsa, kAsa (khAMsI), jvara, dAha, kukSizUna, bhagandara, arza, ajIrNa, dRSTizUla, mUrdhazUla, arocaka, akSivedanA, karNavedanA, kaNDU, jalodara aura kuSTha / (vipAkasUtra 1, jJAtAdharmakathA 13) _ 'sukhabodhA' meM usa samaya ke mukhya rogoM ke nAma isa prakAra ginAye haiM -- zvAsa, kAsa, jvara, dAha, hRdayazUla, bhagaMdara, arza, ajIrNa, dRSTizUla, mukhazUla, aruci, akSivedanA, khAja, karNazUla, jalodara aura koTha / ' ___ inake atirikta dubbhUya (durbhUta-Iti, TiDDI dala dvArA dhAnya kI hAni , kula roga, grAmaroga, nagararoga, maNDala roga, zIrSavedanA, oSThavedanA, nakhavedanA, danta. vedanA, zoSa (kSaya ), kacchU, khasara (khasarA), pANDuroga, eka-do-tIna-cAra dina ke aMtara se hone vAlA jvara (viSama jvara), indragraha, dhanugraMha, skandagraha, kumAra graha, yakSagraha, bhUtagraha, udvega, hRdayazUla, udarazUla, yonizUla, mahAmArI, valgulI* (jI micalAnA) aura viSakumbha (phunsI) kA ullekha milatA hai| juoM ke kATane se kSayaroga ho jAtA hai, athavA khAne meM jU par3a jAne se vamana athavA jalodara ho jAtA hai| cikitsA-prayoga jaina Agama sAhitya meM vyAdhiyoM kI auSadhi-cikitsA aura zalyacikitsA kA varNana milatA hai| auSadhicikitsA-vAyu Adi kA zamana karane ke lie paira meM gIdha kI TAMga bAMdhI jAtI thii| isake lie sUkara ke dAMta aura nakha tathA meMDhe ke rooM kA prayoga bhI kiyA jAtA thaa| urdhvavAta, arza, zUla Adi rogoM se grasta hone para sAdhvI ko nirloma carma meM sukhabodhA. patra 163 sAse khAse jare DAhe, kucchisUle bhagaMdare / arisA ajIrae viTThI-mUhasUle aroyae / / acchiveyaraNa kaMDU ya, kannavAhA jalodare / koDhe emAiNau rogA, pIlayaMti sarIriNaM / / 1 dhanuho'pi vAtavizeSo yaH zarIraM kubjIkaroti, bRhatkalpabhASyavRtti 313816 3 jambUdvIpaprajJapti 24, pR. 120; jIvabhigama 3, pR. 153; vyAkhyAprajJapti 316. pR. 353 / 4 bRhatkalpabhASya 515870 * vahI, 313907 8 nizIthacUropiThIkA, 265 potiyukti 368, pR. 134-a. [ 31 ]

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rakhane kA tathA pAgala kutte se kATe jAne para use vyAghra ke carma meM sulAne kA vidhAna milatA hai / 1 kuSTha roga ho jAne para bahuta kaSTa hotA hai| galita kuSTha hone yA zarIra meM kacchu. kiTibha' hone yA jueM paidA ho jAne para jaina zramaNoM ko nirloma carma para liTAne kA prayoga milatA hai / pAmA kI cikitsA ke lie meM Dhe kI purISa aura gomUtra kAma meM liyA jAtA thA / 'kimikuTTa' (kRmikuSThaM) meM kIr3e utpanna ho jAte haiN| kisI bhikSu ko kRmikuSTha hone para use vaidya ne taila, kambala ratna aura gozIrSa candana btaayaa| taila to mila gayA, kintu kambalaratna aura candana nahIM milaa| ye donoM vastueM eka vaNik ke pAsa thiiN| usane binA kucha liye hI kambala ratna aura candana de diye, jabaki zatasahasra lekara upasthita hue the| bhikSuka ke zarIra kI taila se mAliza kI gii| jisase tela usake roma kUpoM meM bhara gayA, isase kRmi saMkSubdha hokara nIce girane lge| sAdhu ko kambala oDhA diyA gayA aura saba kRmi kambala para laga gaye, bAda meM zarIra para gozIrSa candana kA lepa kara diyA gyaa| 2-3 bAra isa prakAra karane se sAdhu kA kor3ha bilkula ThIka ho gyaa| mahAmArI phailane para loga bahuta marate the, jIrNapura ke kisI seTha ke parivAra meM jaba saba loga mara gaye to logoM ne usake ghara ko kAMToM se jar3a diyaa| __ bhagandara meM se kIr3oM ko nikAlane ke lie vraNa ke andara mAMsa DAlA jAtA thA tAki kIr3e usa para cipaTa jaaye| mAMsa ke sthAna para gehUM ke gIle ATe meM madhu aura ghRta milAkara bhI prayoga kiyA jAtA thaa|" vamana karAne ke lie makkhI kI viSTA kA aura AMkha kA kacarA nikAlane ke 1 bRhatkalpabhASya 313815-17 / (carma ke upayoga ke lie draSTavya suzrutasaMhitA sUtra sthAna a. 7, zlo. 14 jaMghAsu kAlAbhaM rasiyaM vahati, nizIthacUrNI 11798 ko cUrNI / bRhatkalpabhASya 313839-40 / prasiddha bauddha graMtha mahAvagga 1130188 pR. 76 meM ullekha hai ki magadha meM kuSTha, gar3a (phor3A), kilAsa, zotha aura mRgI roga phaila rahe the| jIvaka kaumArabhRtya ko logoM ko cikitsA karane kA sagaya bhI nahIM milatA thaa| isalie roga se pIr3ita loga bauddha bhikSu banakara cikitsA karAne lge| 4 prodhaniyukti 368, pR. 134-a. 5 aAvazyakacUrNI pR. 133 6 AvazyakacUrNI pR. 465 ' nizIthacUrNI-pIr3ikA 288, pR. 100 tela lagAne kA bhI vidhAna hai, aAvazyakacUrNI pR. 503 [ 32 ]

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lie azvamakSikA kA upayoga kiyA jAtA thaa|1 kapha kI vyAdhiyoM meM soMTha kA upayoga kiyA jAtA thaa| auSadhiyAM rakhane ke lie zaMkha aura sIpa Adi kAma meM liye jAte the / oSadhiyoM kI mAtrA kA dhyAna rakhA jAtA thA / zatapAka, sahasrapAka Adi pakAye hue tela aneka rogoM meM kAma Ate the / ziroroga se bacane ke lie dhUmrapAna kiyA jAtA thA / dhUmrapAna kI nalI ko 'dhUmranetra' kahate the / zarIra, anna aura vastra ko suvAsita karane ke lie dhUmra kA prayoga karate the / roga kI AzaMkA se bacane ke lie bhI dhUmra kA prayoga kiyA jAtA thaa| bala aura rUpa ko bar3hAne ke lie vamana, bastikarma aura virecana kA prayoga hotA thA / basti kA artha hai, iti / dRti se adhiSThAna (maladvAra) meM sneha Adi diyA jAtA thaa| viSacikitsA soM kI bahulatA hone se unake kATane kA bhaya bhI adhika thA / ataH unake kATane kI cikitsA karanI par3atI thii| sAMpa kATane para yA visUcikA (haijA) yA jvara se grasta ho jAne para sAdhu ko sAdhvI kA mUtrapAna karAyA jAtA thA / kisI rAjA ko mahAviSale sarpa ne kATa liyA to rAnI kA mUtrapAna karAne se vaha svastha ho gyaa| sarpa daMza hone para maMtra par3hakara kaTaka (aSTa dhAtu ke bane hue) bAMdha denA, yA muha meM miTTI bhara kara sarpa ke kATe hue sthAna ko cUsa lenA, yA usake cAroM ora miTTI kA lepa karanA yA rogI ko miTTI khilAnA jisase khAlI peTa meM viSa kA prabhAva nahIM ho, upacAra kiye jAte the| 10 1 oghaniyukti, 367, pR. 124-a. AvazyakacUrNI, pR. 405 / aoniyukti, 366 4 bRhatkalpabhASya pIThikA, 289 5 jinadAsacUrNI, pR. 259 lika 319, jinavAsacUrNI pR. 115; haribhadrIyaTIkA, patra 118 ' jinadAsacUNI, pR. 115 sthAnAMgasUtra 41341, pR. 250 (vRzcika, maMDUka, uraga aura nara-ye cAra prakAra ke sarpa batAye gaye haiN| inake chaH prakAra ke viSa-pariNAma hote haiM, sthAnAMgasUtra, 6, pR. 355 a. 9 bRhatkalpasUtra 5137; bhASya 515987-88 10 nizIthabhASyapIThikA 170 (bauddhoM ke mahAvagga 61219 meM sarpadaMza para gobara, mUtra, rAkha aura miTTI ke upayoga kA vidhAna hai| [ 33 ]

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kabhI-kabhI sarpa daMza sthAna ko dAga dene yA usa sthAna ko kATa dene yA rogI ko rAta bhara jagAye rakhane kA ullekha bhI milatA hai / / ___ isake atirikta bamI kI miTTI, lavaNa aura pariSeka Adi bhI sarpadaMza meM upayogI kahe gaye haiN| suvarNa ko viSanAzaka mAnA gayA hai / sarpa se daSTa vyakti ko suvarNa ghisakara usakA pAnI pilAte the / sAdhu loga suvarNa ko zrAvakoM se mAMgakara yA dIkSA lene se pUrva sthApita nidhi meM se nikAlakara yA yoniprAbhRta kI sahAyatA se prApta kara isakA prayoga karate the| zalya cikitsA zalya cikitsA kA bahuta mahatva thaa| vraNacikitsA bhI saphalatApUrvaka kI jAtI thii| jaina-AgamasUtroM meM do prakAra ke kAya-vraNoM kA ullekha hai-1 tadbhava aura 2 AgaMtuka / 'tadbhava' vraNoM meM kuSTha, kiTibha, dadra , viciccikA (vicikA), pAmA aura gaNDAliyA ke nAma ginAye gaye haiM / khaDga, kaTaka, sthANU (ThUTha), zirAvedha, sarpa yA kutte ke kATane se utpanna hone vAle vraNa-AgaMtuka kahalAte haiM / phor3e yA pir3ikA ko dhokara, sApha kara una para tela, ghI, carbI aura makkhana Adi lagAyA jAtA thA / phor3oM para gAya, bhaiMsa kA gobara lagAne kA bhI vidhAna hai| bar3a Adi kI chAla ko vedanA zAMta karane ke lie kAma meM lete the / gaMDamAlA, pilaga (pAdagata gaMDaM-cUrgI), arza aura bhagandara kA zastrakarma kiyA jAtA thaa| jaina sAdhuoM ko gudA aura kukSi ke kRmiyoM ko aMgulI se nikAlane kA niSedha hai|' yuddha meM talavAra Adi se ghAyala hone para vraNoM kA vraNopacAra kiyA jAtA thaa| yuddha ke samaya vaidya auSadha, vraNapaTTa, mAliza kA sAmAna, vraNa saMhoraka taila, vraNa-saMhoraka cUrNa, atipurANa ghRta Adi lekara calate the aura AvazyakatA hone para vraNoM ko sIte bhI the| 1 nizISabhAvya pIThikA 230 bahI 394; poSaniyukti 341, pR. 129 pra. 366, pR. 134-a., piNDaniyukti 48 / vyavahAra bhASya 5189; aAvazyakacUrNI pR. 492-93 meM viSamaya laDDU ke khAne kA ___ asara zAMta karane ke lie vaidya dvArA suvarNa pilAne kA ullekha hai / 4 nizIyabhASya 311501 / nizIthasUtra 3122-24; 12193; nizIthabhASya 12-4199 6 nizIthabhASya 1214201 nizIthasUtra 3134 A-vahI, 3140 8 vyavahArabhASya 51100 -103 [ 34 ]

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gaMbhIra vraNa Adi lagane para vraNakarma kiyA jAtA thaa| sudarzananagara meM maNiratha nAmaka rAjA rAjya karatA thaa| usakA sahodara bhAI yugabAhU yuvarAja ke pada para AsIna thaa| yugabAhu kI strI madanarekhA ko lekara donoM meM manamuTAva ho gayA / eka dina maNiratha ne yugabAhu para talavAra se vAra kiyA, jisase vaha ghAyala hokara pRthvI para gira pdd'aa| usake ghAvoM kI cikitsA karane ke lie vaidya bulAye gaye / vaidya ghAvoM ko bharane ke lie aneka prakAra ke ghRta aura teloM kA prayoga karate the| kalyANaghRta, tiktaghRta aura mahAtiktaghRta kA ullekha milatA hai / eka hI auSadhi ko eka sau yA hajAra bAra pakAyA jAtA thA / athavA auSadhiyoM ke sAtha ghRta yA taila ko sau yA hajAra bAra pakA kara taiyAra kiyA jAtA thA, jise 'zatapAka' yA 'sahastrapAka' kahate the| haMsatela bhI ghAva ke lie uttama mAnA gayA thaa| marUtela marUdeza ke parvata se maMgAyA jAtA thaa| ye saba tela thakAvaTa dUra karane, vAta roga zAMta karane, kaNDU miTAne aura ghAvoM ko bharane ke lie prayukta hote the / nandipura meM soriyadatta nAma kA rAjA thaa| usake gale meM machalI khAte samaya machalI kA kAMTA aTaka gyaa| usane ghoSaNA karAyI ki jo vaidya yA vaidya-putra isa kAMTe ko nikAla degA vaha use bahuta dhana degaa| aneka vaidya upasthita hue aura unhoMne vamama, chardana, avapIr3ana, kavalagraha, zalyoddharaNa aura vizalyakaraNa dvArA kAMTA nikAlane kA prayatna kiyA, parantu saphalatA nahIM milI / kisI rAjA ke eka ghor3e ke paira meM kaMTaka cubha jAne se bahuta kaSTa hotA thaa| vaha adRzya zalya se pIr3ita thaa| vaidya ko dikhAyA gyaa| vaidya ne ghor3e ke zarIra para kardama kA lepa karAyA / zalya kA sthAna jaldI hI sUkha gyaa| usake bAda vaidya ne zalya ko nikAla diyaa| __ kisI rAjA kI mahAdevI ko kakar3iyAM khAne kA zauka thaa| eka dina naukara bar3e AkAra kI kakar3I lAyA / rAnI ne use apane guhyapradeza meM DAla liyaa| kakar3I kA kAMTA rAnI ke guhyapradeza meM cubha gayA, aura usakA jahara phaila gyaa| vaidyoM ko bulAyA gyaa| usane gehUM ke ATe (sAmiyA=kaNikkA) kA lepa kara diyaa| kAMTe vAle pradeza ke sUkha jAne para vahAM nizAna banA diyaa| tatpazcAt zastrakriyA dvArA use phor3a diyaa| pIpa nikalane ke sAtha hI kAMTA bhI bAhara nikala aayaa| 1 uttarAdhyayana TIkA, pR. 137 * kalyANaghayaM tittagaM mahAtittagaM; nizIthacUrNI 411566 ' bRhatkalpabhASya 516028-31; 112995 ko vRtti; nizIthacUrNIpIThikA 348; 1013197 + vipAkasUtra 8, pR. 48 / nizIthacUrNI 2016393 6 bRhtklpbhaassy||1050; zalyaniSkAsana kI vidhi suzruta sUtrasthAna pra.26meM dI gaI hai| [ 35 ]

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pIr3ikA hone para usakI jalana miTAne ke lie miTTI kA siMcana kiyA jAtA thA / 1 ___ mAnasika cikitsA . mAnasika rogoM se pIr3ita rogiyoM kI cikitsA kA bhI Ayojana kiyA jAtA thaa| bhUta Adi dvArA vikSiptacitta ho jAne para rogI ko komala bandhana se bAMdhakara zastraM Adi se rahita sthAna meM rakhane kA vidhAna hai| yadi kadAcit aisA sthAna na mile, to rogI ko pahale se hI khude hue kueM meM DAla deM, athavA nayA kuAM khudavA kara usameM rakha deM aura kueM ko Upara se DhaMkavA deM, jisase rogI bAhara nikalakara na jA ske| yadi vAta Adi ke kAraNa dhAtuoM kA kSobha hone se vikSiptacittatA huI ho to rogI ko snigdha aura madhura bhojana deM aura upaloM kI rAkha para sulAye / yadi koI sAdhu vikSiptacitta hokara bhAga jAye to usakI khoja kI jAya, tathA yadi vaha rAjA Adi kA riztedAra ho to rAjA se nivedana kiyA jaaye| 'sAdhvI ke yakSAviSTa hone para bhI bhUta-cikitsA kA vidhAna jaina AgamoM meM milatA hai| devavyapAzraya cikitsA jisameM binA kisI dravya yA auSadhi kI sahAyatA se roga kI cikitsA kI jAtI hai, vaha devavyapAzrayacikitsA kahalAtI hai / nakSatroM ke AdhAra para zubha-azubha batAne vAle, svapna-zAstrI, vazIkaraNa ke pAragAmI, atIta-anAgata aura vartamAna ko batAne vAle naimittika tathA yAMtrika sarvatra pAye jAte the| logoM kA inameM bahuta vizvAsa thaa| sarpa, bicchu Adi ke kATane para maMtroM kA upayoga hotA thA / anyAnya viSoM ko utArane ke lie tathA aneka zArIrika pIr3AoM ke upazamana ke lie maMtroM kA prayoga hotA thA / ye loga gAMva-gAva meM ghUmA karate the| saMvAhana cAra prakAra se kiyA jAtA thA / 1. haDDiyoM ko ArAma dene vAlA - asthisukha / 1 propaniyukti 341, pR. 129-a. * vyavahArabhASya 2 / / 22-25; nizIthabhASyapIThikA 173 / bRhatkalpabhASya 6162-2, dra. carakasaMhitA ni. a. 9 4 dazakAlika 8 51; haribhadrIyaTIkApatra-236 5 jinadAsacUrNo, pR. 340 * vahI, pR. 113 / 36 ]

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2. mAMsa ko ArAma dene vAlA - mAMsasukha / 3. camar3I ko ArAma dene vAlA -- tvaksukha / 4. romoM ko ArAma dene vAlA - romasukha / prArogyazAlA ___ jaina Agama graMthoM meM ArogyazAlAoM (tegicchaNasAlA =cikitsAzAlA) kA ullekha milatA hai| vahAM vetanabhogI aneka vaidya, vaidyaputra, jJAyaka, jJAyakaputra, kuzala aura kuzalaputra Adi vyAdhigrastoM, glAnoM, rogiyoM aura durbaloM kI cikitsA vividha prakAra kI auSadhiyoM aura bheSajoM dvArA karate the / vizeSa-vistAra ke lie lekhaka ko zIghra prakAzyamAna kRti "jaina AgamasAhitya meM Ayurveda" kA avalokana kreN| 2000- - - - mAtRdharmakathA, 1 3, pR. 943 [ 37 ]

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adhyAya-3 ugrAdityAcArya se pUrvavartI AcArya samaMtabhadra ( I. 4thI se 5vIM zatI ) dakSiNa kI digambara - AcArya - paramparA meM samaMtabhadra kA nAma vizeSa rUpa se smaraNIya hai / ye prasiddha vAdI, nyAya-vyAkaraNa- vaidyaka - siddhAMta meM niSNAta aura dArzanika the / ye pUjyapAda se pUrvavartI the / 'karnATaka meM isa mahAn tArkika kA avataraNa na kevala jaina itihAsa meM kintu samasta - dArzanika sAhitya ke itihAsa meM eka smaraNIya yugapravartaka rUpa meM mAnA jAtA hai / pUjyapAda (devanaMdi) ne jainendra-vyAkaraNa meM inake vyAkaraNa saMbaMdhI mata ko uddhRta kiyA hai / parantu inakA yaha vyAkaraNagraMtha anupalabdha hai / bhadrabAhu, samantabhadra, pUjyapAda, akalaMka Adi AcAryoM ko dakSiNa ke prasiddha draviDa saMgha ke naMdisaMgha kA batAyA jAtA hai / 'AptamImAMsA' kI eka hastaprati ke anusAra samantabhadra uragapura ( vartamAna ureyUra, tAmilanADu) ke rAjakumAra the / 'jinastutizataka' ke eka padya se jJAta hotA hai ki inakA mUla nAma zAMtivarmA thA 8 zravaNabelagolA ke caMdragiri parvata para sthita pArzvanAtha maMdira meM lage 'malliSeNa prazasti' zilAlekha ( san 1128 ) meM kahA gayA hai ki inako 'bhasmakavyAdhi' huI thI, jisapara inhoMne vijaya pAyI thI, padmAvatI devI se udAttapada prApta kiyA thA, apane maMtroM se caMdra-prabha kI mUrti prakaTa kI thI / kalikAla meM inhoMne jaina dharma ko prazasta banAyA, saba tarapha se kalyANakArI hone ke kAraNa (bhadra samantAd ) ye 'samantabhadra' kahalAye - 'vandyo bhasmaka bhasmasAtkRtipaTuH padmAvatIdevatAdattodAttapadaH svamantravacana vyAhUta candraprabhaH / AcAryaH sa samantabhadragaNabhRd yeneha kAle kalau jainaM vartma samantabhadramabhavad bhadraM samantAd muhuH / / 's 1 paM. kailAzacaMdra zAstrI, dakSiNa bhArata meM jaina dharma, pR. 142 2 'catuSTayaM samantabhadrasya ' ( 5141140 ) 8 paM. kailAzacaMdra zAstrI, dakSiNa bhArata meM jaina dharma, pR. 181 4 vIrazAsana ke prabhAvaka zrAcArya ( bhA. jJAnapITha ) pR. 33 " jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, bhAga 1, pR. 102 para yaha zilAlekha chapA hai | ] 38 ]

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prabhAcaMdra ke 'kathAkoza' meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki samantabhadra ne apanI 'bhasmaka' vyAdhi ke zamana ke lie veza badalakara aneka sthAnoM para bhramaNa kiyA, aMta meM vArANasI ke ziva maMdira meM vipula naivedya se unakA roga dUra huaa| vahAM ke rAjA ne unako ziva ko praNAma karane kI AjJA dI, taba unhoMne svayambhUstotra' kI racanA kii| usI samaya 'candraprabhastuti' ke paThana ke samaya zivaliMga se caMpraprabha kI mUrti prakaTa huii| zravaNa belagolA ke ukta zilAlekha ke anusAra bAda meM unhoMne pATaliputra, mAlava, sindhu, Takka (paMjAba), kAMcI, vidizA aura karahATaka (karhADa, mahArASTra) meM vAdoM meM vijaya prApta kara jaina mata ko pratiSThita kiyA / / unhoMne jaina sAhitya meM saMskRta ke upayoga ko puraskRta kiyaa| tAkika dRSTi se jaina mata ko pratiSThApita kiyA / 'AptamImAMsA' yA 'devAgamastotra' inakI 'yugapravartaka' racanA hai| isameM mahAvIra ke upadezoM kA tarka-bhUmi para pratipAdana karate kucha 'syAdvAda' kA sarvaprathama vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| 'yuktyanuzAsana' meM vividha ekAMta vAdoM ko doSayukta pramANita karate hue 'anekAnta' vAda ko spaSTa kiyA thaa| 'svayambhUstotra' aura jinastutizataka meM caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI stuti hai| 'ratnakaraNDa' meM zrAvakoM ke lie samyak 'darzana' 'jJAna' aura 'caritra' ke rUpa meM gRhastha-dharmAcaraNa kA vistAra se spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| samaMtabhadra kA sAhitya vistRta nahIM hai, parantu maulika hone se bahuta pratiSThita hai / inakA kAla vIra ni. saM. kI dasavIM zatI (373 se 473 I.) mAnA jAtA hai / kucha vidvAna I. dUsarI yA tIsarI zatI mAnate haiN| aisI mAnyatA hai ki samantabhadra karnATaka ke kAravAra jile ke honnAvara tAlluke (tahasIla) ke gerasappA ke samIpa 'hADAlli' meM pITha banAkara nivAsa karate the| isa sthAna ko 'saMgItapura' bhI kahate haiM / kannaDa bhASA meM 'hADDa' kA artha saMgIta aura 'hAllI' kA artha nagara yA pura hai / ataH hADa lli kA saMskRta nAma saMgItapura hai| yahAM candragiri aura indragiri nAmaka do parvata haiN| ina para samaMtabhadra tapazcaraNa karate the| gerasappA ke jaMgala meM aba bhI zilAnirmita catumuMkha maMdira, jvAlAmAlinI maMdira aura pArzvanAtha kA jaina caityAlaya hai| vahAM dUrI taka prAcIna khaMDahara, mUrtiyAM Adi milate haiM, jisase vahAM vizAla bastI honA pramANita hotA hai| aisI kiMvadantI hai ki yahAM jaMgala meM eka 'siddharasakUpa' hai / kaliyuga meM dharmasaMkaTa paidA hone para isa rasakUpa kA upayoga hogaa| 'sarvAMjana' nAmaka aMjana AMkha meM AMjane se isa kUpa ko dekhA jA sakatA hai| isa aMjana kA prayoga samantabhadra ke 'puSpAyurveda' gratha meM diyA gayA hai - anana ke nirmANa hetu puSpa bhI isI vana meM milate haiN| 1 vIra zAsana ke prabhAvaka prAcArya, pR. 32-33 [ 39 ]

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samantabhadra vaidyaka aura rasavidyA meM bhI nipuNa the| unake aneka rasayoga pracalita haiN| samantabhadra se pUrva bhI aneka jaina-muniyoM ne vaidyakagraMthoM kI racanA kI thI / samantabhadra ne apane siddhAMta rasAyanakalpa' graMtha meM likhA hai 'zrImadbhallAtakAdrI vasati jinamuni: sUtavAde rasAbjaM' anyatra bhI unhoMne likhA hai 'rasendra jainAgamasUtrabaddhaM' isase jaina Agama meM pUrva se aneka vaidyaka va rasavAda saMbaMdhI graMtha vidyamAna honA pramANita hotA hai| ve saba racanAeM aba kAlakavalita ho cukI haiN| samantabhadra bhI acche cikitsaka the| unake nimna vaidyaka-graMthoM kA patA calatA hai, ye graMtha alabhya haiM - samantabhadra ke vaidyaka-graMtha 1. aSTAMgasaMgraha (aSTAMga Ayurveda) Ayurveda ke ATha aMgoM para viSaya kA nirUpaNa karane vAlA yaha vistRta graMtha thaa| 'kalyANakAraka' ke racayitA ugrAdityAcArya (8vIM-9vIM zatI) ne samantabhadra ke aSTAMgasaMgraha ke AdhAra para saMkSepa meM isa graMtha kA pratipAdana kiyA hai 'aSTAMgamapyakhilamatra samaMta bhadraiH proktaM savistaravacovibhavaivizeSAt / saMkSepato nigaditaM tadihAtmazaktyA kalyANakArakakamazeSapadArthayuktam // (pa. 20186) yaha grantha aprApya hai| 2. siddhAntarasAyanakalpa yaha grantha bhI anupalabdha hai| isameM aThAraha hajAra zloka honA batAyA jAtA hai / parantu aba isake kucha vacana idhara-udhara vikIrNa rUpa se granthoM meM uddhRta milate haiN| inako ekatrita karane para una zlokoM kI saMkhyA bhI do-tIna hajAra taka pahuMca jAtI haiM / isameM Ayurveda ke ATha aMgoM-kAya, bAla, graha, UvAga, zalya, daMSTrA, jarA aura viSa kA vivecana thA / yaha grantha jaina Ayurveda ke granthoM meM atyanta mahatvapUrNa thaa| isameM jaina siddhAMtAnusAra viSayoM kA vivecana hai| 1. sabhI auSadhayoga hiMsAvajita hai| ahiMsA jainadharma kA mukhya tatva hai| usakA isameM sarvatra pAlana kiyA gayA hai / / jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa, bhAga 5, pR. 2261 [ 40 ]

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2. isameM jaina pAribhASika zabdoM ke prayoga aura saMketa bhI upayoga kiye gaye haiM / isase jaina siddhAMtoM kA prakAzana bhI hotA hai / jaise 'ratnatrayoSadha' kahane se jaina siddhAMtAnusAra samyak darzana, jJAna aura caritra - ina tIna ratnoM kA grahaNa hotA hai, dUsare artha meM pArada, gaMdhaka aura pASANa ye tInoM padArtha liye jAte haiM / inase nirmita rasAyana vAta, pitta, kapha - tridoSoM ko naSTa karatA hai / ataH ye auSadha haiM / bhI 'ratnatrayauSadha' rakhA gayA hai / isa rasAyana kA nAma 3. auSadhi - nirmANa - kalpanA meM dravyoM ke mAnoM ko tIrthaMkaroM kI saMkhyA aura cihnoM ke dvArA sUcita kiyA gayA hai / jaina tIrthaMkaroM ke pRthak-pRthak lAMchana yA cihna mAne gae haiN| tat tat cihna se tat tat tIrthaMkara kI aura unake saMkhyA kI sUcanA milatI hai / jaise rasasiMdUra nirmANa hetu kitanA pArada va gaMdhaka liyA jAya, isake lie kahA hai - 'sUtaM kesari gaMdhakaM mRganavAsAradrumaM / yahAM sUta arthAt pArada kI mAtrA 'kesari' ora gaMdhaka kI mAtrA 'mRga' zabda se kahI gayI hai| kesari mahAvIra kA cihna hai aura mahAvIra 24veM tIrthaMkara haiM / ataH pArada kI mAtrA 24 bhAga lenI cAhie / mRga 16veM tIrthaMkara kA cihna hone se gaMdhaka kI mAtrA 16 bhAga lenI cAhie / ina sAMketika aura pAribhASika zabdoM kA 'siddhAMta rasAyanakalpa' meM sarvatra upayoga huA hai / isa graMtha meM ' rasasiMdUra' ke guNa isa prakAra batAye gaye haiM 'siMdUraM zuddhasUto viSadharazamanaM rakta reNuzca varNaM / vAtaM pittena zItaM tapanilasahitaM viMzatirmehaM hantri || tRSNodAvarta gulmaM pizagudararajo pAMDuzophodarANAM / kuSThaM ca aSTAdazaghnaM sakalavaNaharaM sannizUlAgragaMdhi || dIpAgni dhAtupuSTi vaDavazikhikaraM dIpanaM puSTitejaM / bAlastrIsaukhyasaMgaM jarAmaraNarujAkAMtimAyuH pravRddhi / / vAcAzuddhi sugAnAM (?) sakalarujaharaM dehazuddhi raseMdraH / puSpAyurveda AcArya samaMtabhadra ne isameM 18000 prakAra ke parAgarahita puSpoM se nirmita rasAyanauSadhi-prayogoM ke viSaya meM batAyA hai / vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI ne likhA hai" isa puSpAyurveda graMtha meM kri. pU. 3 re zatamAna kI karNATaka lipi upalabdha hotI hai jo ki bahuta muzkila se bAMcane meM AtI haiM / itihAsa saMzodhakoM ke lie yaha eka apUrva va upayogI viSaya hai | aThAraha hajAra jAti ke kevala puSpoM ke prayogoM kA hI jisameM kathana ho, usa graMtha kA mahatva kitanA hogA yaha bhI pAThaka vicAra kareM / abhI taka puSpAyurveda kA nirmANa jainAcAryoM ke sivAya aura kisI ne bhI nahIM kiyA hai saMsAra meM yaha eka adbhuta cIja hai / " " / Ayurveda . 1 kalyANakAraka, prastAvanA, pR. 36 [ 41 2 kalyANakAraka, prastAvanA, pR. 38 ]

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pUjyapAda (464-524 I.) jainAcAryoM meM pUjyapAda kA sthAna vyAkaraNa, vaidyaka, yogazAstra, rasazAstra aura darzana ke lie atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai / yaha digambara-sampradAya ke jaina AcArya the / inakA vAstavika nAma 'devanandi' thA / 'jainendrabuddhi' aura 'pUjyapAda' - ye do nAma inakI vizeSatAoM ko pradarzita karane kI dRSTi se pracalita hue the / saMkSepa meM inako 'deva' nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA thA / zravaNabelagolA ke 40 veM zilAlekha meM likhA hai - 'yo 'devanandiprathamAbhidhAno buddhyA mahatyA sa jinendrabuddhiH ||2| 'zrI pUjyapAdo'jani devatAbhiryatpUjitaM pAdayugaM yadIyam // 13 // 'jainendraM nijazabdabhAgamatulaM sarvArthasiddhiH parA siddhAMte nipuNatvamuddhakavitAM jainAbhiSeka: svakaH / 'chandaH sUkSmadhiyaM samAdhizatakaM svAsthyaM yadIyaM vidAmAkhyAtIha sa pUjyapAdamunipaH pUjyo munInAM gaNaiH // 4 // inakA pahalA nAma 'devanandi' thA, bAda meM yaha buddhi kI mahattA ke kAraNa 'jinendrabuddhi' aura devatAoM va muniyoM dvArA inake caraNoM kI pUjA kiye jAne se 'pUjyapAda' kahalAye | vastutaH ye loka- pUjita hone ke kAraNa pUjyapAda kahalAne lage / AcArya zubhacaMdra ne apane 'jJAnArNava' ke prAraMbha meM devanandi kA smaraNa karate hue likhA hai-- kAyavAkcittasaMbhavam / 'apAkurvanti yadvAca: kalakamaGginAM so'yaM devanandI namasyate / / 2 1 yazaH kIrtiryazonandI devanandI mahAmati / zrI pUjyapAdAkhyo guraNanandI guragAkaraH || (nandIsaMghapaTTAvalI) lagabhaga aisI hI bAta cakrapANidatta ne carakasaMhitA ko apanI TIkA ke prArambha meM caraka muni ke saMbaMdha meM kahI hai "pAtaJjala mahAbhASyacarakapratisaMskRtaiH / manovAkkAyadoSAraNAM hartre'hipataye namaH / / " 2 pAtaMjala ' yogazAstra', vyAkaraNa para 'mahAbhAvya', carakasaMhitA ke 'pratisaMskAra' kI racanA dvArA kramazaH mana, vANI aura zarIra ke doSoM dUra karane ke vAle bhagavAn zeSanAga ko namaskAra hai / kahA jAtA hai ki yoga, vyAkaraNa aura vaidyaka para racanA karane vAle pataMjali tathA caraka muni donoM hI zeSanAga ke avatAra the / [ 42 ]

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arthAt jinakI vANI dehadhAriyoM ke zarIra, vacana aura mana ke mala ko dUra kara detI hai, aise devanandI ko namaskAra karatA huuN|' isase spaSTa hotA hai ki devanandI kI vANI tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta thii| ye vANI-vibhAga unake tIna pramukha graMthoM ko sUcita karate haiN| unhoMne zarIra ke mala ko dUra karane ke lie 'vaidyakazAstra' aura vacana ke mala ko dUra karane ke lie 'vyAkaraNa' aura mana ke mala ko dUra karane ke lie 'samAdhitaMtra' kI racanA kI thii| zimogA jile (karnATaka) ke nagara tahasIla ke 46veM (padmAvatI mandira meM eka zilA para khude hue) zilAlekha meM pUjyapAda ke saMbaMdha meM likhA hai ki unhoMne-'apane jainendra vyAkaraNa para nyAsa, pANinI ke vyAkaraNa para zabdAvatAra nAmaka nyAsa, vaidyakazAstra aura tatvArtha kI TIkA likhii|' mUlavacana dekheM'nyAsaM jaineMdrasaMjJaM sakalabudhanutaM pANinIyasya bhUyo nyAsaM zabdAvatAraM manujatati hitaM vaidyazAstraM ca kRtvA / yastatvArthasya TIkAM vyaracayadiha tAM bhAtyasau pUjyapAdasvAmI bhUpAlavaMdyaH svaparahitava caH pUrNadRgbodhavRttaH // ' pUjyapAda ne aneka grantha likhe the| inakA 'jainendra vyAkaraNa' bahuta prasiddha hai| 'mugdhabodha' ke kartA kavi bopadeva (1200 I.) ne ATha prAcIna vyAkaraNoM meM jainendra kA bhI parigaNana kiyA hai / jaina AcAryoM dvArA saMskRta meM likhA huA saMbhavataH yaha prathama vyAkaraNa grantha hai| pUjyapAda ne umAsvAmI ke 'tatvArthasUtra' para 'sarvArthasiddhi' nAmaka TIkA likhI thii| inake 'samAdhitaMtra' meM 100 zloka haiN| ise 'samAdhizataka' bhI kahate haiN| yaha adhyAtma saMbaMdhI yogaparaka grantha hai| pUjyapAda ke 'iSTopadeza', 'dazabhakti' aura 'siddhapriyastotra'-graMtha bhI milate haiN| kAla-pUjyapAda ke ziSya vaz2anandi ne vi. saM. 526 meM dakSiNa mathurA (madurA) meM 'drAviDasaMgha' kI sthApanA kI thii| isa tathA anya pramANoM se pUjyapAda kA kAla vikramI chaThI zatAbdI kA prArambha pramANita hotA hai|' yaha karNATaka kSetra ke nivAsI the| inake nAma se pracalita saba kRtiyAM saMskRta aura kannaDI bhASA meM milatI haiN| vahAM inakI prasiddhi sarvatra vyApta rhii| 'hisTrI oNpha dI kanar3I liTarecara' ke anusAra vikrama kI AThavIM zatAbdi ke bAda kanar3I bhASA meM jitane kAvya-grantha likhe gaye haiM, prAyaH una sabhI ke prAraMbhika zlokoM meM pUjyapAda kI prazaMsA kI gaI hai| 1 'indrazcandraH kAzakRtsnApizalIzAkaTAyanAH / pANinyamarajanendro jayantyaSTau ca shaatikaaH|| ----pAtupATha / . nAthUrAma premI, 'janasAhitya aura itihAsa', pR. 11 5-117 [ 43 ]

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'candrayya' nAmaka kavi ne kanar3I meM 'pUjyapAdacarita' likhA thA | isa caritra ke anusAra - "karnATaka deza ke 'kole' nAmaka grAma ke 'mAdhava bhaTTa' nAmaka brAhmaNa aura 'zrIdevI' brAhmaNI se pUjyapAda kA janma huA / jyotiSiyoM ne bAlaka ko trilokapUjya batalAyA, isa kAraNa usakA nAma 'pUjyapAda' rakkhA gayA / mAdhava bhaTTa ne apanI strI ke kahane se jainadharma svIkAra kara liyA / aTTajI ke sAle kA nAma 'pANinI' thA, use bhI unhoMne jainI banane ko kahA, lekina pratiSThA ke khayAla se vaha jainI na hokara muDIgu MDagrAma meM vaiSNava saMnyAsI ho gayA / pUjyapAda kI 'kamalinI' nAmaka choTI bahina huI, vaha 'guNabhaTTa' ko byAhI gaI, aura guNabhaTTa ko usase 'nAgArjuna' nAmaka putra huA / pUjyapAda ne eka bagIce meM eka sAMpa ke muMha meM phaMse hue meMDhaka ko dekhA / isase unheM vairAgya ho gayA aura ve jaina sAdhu bana gaye / pANinI apanA vyAkaraNa raca rahe the / vaha pUrA na ho pAyA thA ki unhoMne apanA maraNakAla nikaTa AyA jAnakara pUjyapAda se kahA ki ise tuma pUrA kara do / unhoMne pUrA karanA svIkAra kara liyA / pANinI durdhyAnavaza mara kara sarpa hue / eka bAra usane pUjyapAda ko dekhakara phUtkAra kiyA, isa para pUjyapAda ne kahA, vizvAsa rakkho, maiM tumhAre vyAkaraNa ko pUrA kara dUMgA / isake bAda unhoMne pANinI vyAkaraNa ko pUrA kara diyA / isake pahale ve jainendra vyAkaraNa, arhatpratiSThAlakSaNa aura vaidyaka, jyotiSa Adi ke kaI graMtha raca cuke the / guNabhaTTa ' ke mara jAne se nAgArjuna atizaya daridrI ho gayA / pUjyapAda ne use padmAvatI kA eka maMtra diyA aura siddha karane kI vidhi bhI batalA dii| usake prabhAva se padmAvatI ne nAgArjuna ke nikaTa prakaTa hokara use siddha-rasa kI vanaspati batAlA dI / isa siddha-rasa se nAgArjuna sonA banAne lagA / usake garva kA parihAra karane ke lie pUjyapAda ne eka mAmUlI vanaspati se kaI ghar3e siddha-rasa banA diyA / nAgArjuna jaba parvatoM ko svarNamaya banAne lagA, taba dharaNendra - padmAvatI ne use rokA aura jinAlaya banAne ko kahA / tadanusAra usane eka jinAlaya banavAyA aura pArzvanAtha kI pratimA sthApita kI / pUjyapAda pairoM meM gaganagAmI lepa lagA kara videhakSetra ko jAyA karate the / usa samaya unake ziSya vajranandi ne apane sAthiyoM se jhagar3A karake drAvir3a saMgha kI sthApanA kI / nAgArjuna aneka maMtra taMtra tathA rasAdi siddha karake bahuta hI prasiddha ho gayA / eka bAra do sundarI striyAM AI jo gAne nAcane meM kuzala thIM / nAgArjuna una para mohita ho gayA / ve vahIM rahane lagIM aura kucha samaya bAda hI usakI rasaguTikA lekara calatI banIM / [ 44 ]

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pUjyapAda muni bahuta samaya taka yogAbhyAsa karate rahe / phira eka deva - vimAna meM baiThakara unhoMne aneka tIrthoM kI yAtrA kI / mArga meM eka jagaha unakI dRSTi naSTa ho gaI thI, so unhoMne zAntyaSTaka banAkara jyoM kI tyoM karalI | isake bAda unhoMne apane grAma meM Akara samAdhipUrvaka maraNa kiyA / "2 yadyapi uparyukta kathAnaka anaitihAsika aura avizvasanIya hai, tathApi isameM kucha satyAMza maujUda hai / isase nimna tathyoM kI sUcanA milatI hai-- 1. pUjyapAda karNATaka pradeza ke nivAsI the / inhoMne 'vyAkaraNa' para racanA kI thI / yaha taMtra-maMtra, rasavidyA aura yogazAstra ke bhI unhoMne gati prApta kI thI / vanaspatiyoM se unakA paricaya thA / 4. nAgArjuna se pUjyapAda kA koI saMbaMdha thA / pUjyapAda sIkhI thI / 2. 3. jJAtA the / camatkArI rasaprayogoM meM gaganagAmI prayoga bhI ve jAnate the / divya 5. se nAgArjuna ne rasavidyA yogavidyA ve nipuNa hone se yoga evaM samAdhi dvArA unhoMne dehatyAga kiyA thA / ina tathyoM kI puSTi prakArAntara se ho jAtI hai / 'haThayogapradIpikA' meM pUjyapAda kI haThayoga ke prabhAva se siddhi prApta karane vAle 'mahAsiddhoM' meM gaNanA kI gaI hai, jo kAla kI sImA lAMghakara nitya jagat meM vicaraNa karate haiM / 2 zravaNabelagolA ke vindhyagiri parvata para sthita 'siddha rabasati' ke stambha para san 1433 kA zilAlekha utkIrNa hai / 8 usameM nimna zloka pUjyapAda ke saMbaMdha meM nirdiSTa hai 'zrI pUjyapAdamunirapratimoSaddhaH jIyAd videha jinadarzana pUtagAtraH / yatpAdadhautajalasaMsparzaprabhAvAt kAlAyasaM kila tadA kanakIcakAra // ' arthAt pUjyapAda muni ko auSadha Rddhi prApta thI, unhoMne videha ke tIrthaMkara kA darzana kiyA thA aura unake caraNoM ke prakSAlana ke jala ke sparza se 'kAlAyasa' (lohA) kA sone meM parivartana ho jAtA thA / jJAnasAgara kI tIrthavandanA ke anusAra pUjyapAda kA netraroga pAlI nagara meM 'zAMtinAtha stuti' kI racanA se zAMta huA thA | 1 batAyA jAtA hai ki gaMgavaza kA rAjA durvinIta pUjyapAda kA ziSya thA / 1 nAthUrAma premI, jainasAhitya aura itihAsa, pR. 123-124 2 haThayogapradIpikA, zra. 1, zloka 6-9 para ina mahAsiddhoM ko ginAyA gayA hai / 8 jaina zilAlekhasaMgraha, bhAga 1, pR. 211 4 vIrazAsana ke prabhAvaka AcArya, pR. 39-40 [ 45 ]

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pUjyapAda rasa-siddha the| aneka rasayoga unake nAma se milate haiM / vasavarAjIya, rasaprakAzasudhAkara aura kalyANakAraka meM unakA ullekha milatA hai|1 devarasa (I. 1650) ne apane 'gurudatta carite' meM likhA hai ki karnATaka ke pugatATaka kasbe ke samIpa eka pahAr3I para pArvajina kI bastI thii| pUjyapAda svAmI ne isI pahAr3I para apane 'siddharasa' kI parIkSA kI thii| pUjyapAdakRta vaidyakagraMtha __ jaisA ki Upara batAyA gayA hai pUjyapAda ne vaidyakazAstra kI racanA bhI kI thii| isa kRti kI bahuta pratiSThA thii| aba yaha grantha apane mUla rUpa meM prApta nahIM hotaa| zimogA jile ke nagara tAlluke ke 46veM zilAlekha meM spaSTatayA pUjyapAda dvArA vaidyazAstra likhA jAnA batAyA gayA hai / . dakSiNa ke 'siddha-sampradAya' meM pUjyavAda kA antarbhAva mAnA jAtA hai / inake nimna vaidyaka granthoM ke viSaya meM jAnakArI milatI haipUjyapAdIya 12vIMzatI ke uttarArdha meM likhe gaye dakSiNa ke hI 'basavarAjIyam' nAmaka prasiddha grantha ke prathamaprakaraNa meM AdhArabhUta-granthoM meM pUjyapAdakRta 'pUjyapAdIya' nAmaka grantha kA ullekha hai 'sindUradarpaNaM tadvatpUjyapAdIyameva ca / ' vasavarAjIya meM bIca-bIca meM AMdhrabhASA meM TippaNiyAM yA spaSTIkaraNa bhI diyA gayA hai jo mUlataH graMthakartAkRta hai / isa graMtha meM pUjyapAdakRta athavA 'pUjyapAdIya' se uddhRta nimna yoga, vacana aura abhimata milate haiM / 1. trirAtrajvaralakSaNam (pUjyapAdIye), pR. 8 2 pacyamAnajvara lakSaNam (pUjyapAdIye ), pR. 21 3. 'sarvajvarAdiharaguTikA (nityanAthIye), pR. 29 "jIrNajvaraM satatasantatakaM praNAzaM rogAgnihanti kathitaM vara pUjyapAdaiH // " 4. 'jvaragajAMkuzaH (mAdhavanidAne), pR. 30 pUjyapAdopadiSToyaM sarvajvaragajAMkuzaH' / / 1 somadeva zarmA, rasasiddha-vimarza, pR. 14 1 paM, kailAzacandra zAstrI, dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma, pR. 161 3 yahAM pRSTha saMkhyA kA nirdeza 'basavarAjIyam' - govardhana zarmA chAMgANI dvArA saMzodhita va saMpAvita, nAgapura, 1930 kA hai / [ 46 ]

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4. jvarANAM 'caNDabhAnurasaH' (nityanAthIye), pR. 30 'mUla vyAdhyandhakAraprazamanatapana : kuSTharogApahantA nAmnAyaM caNDabhAnuH sakalagadaharo bhASitaH pUjyapAdaiH / / ' jvarANAM 'kAlAgnirudrarasaH' (pUjyapAdIye), pR. 33 purANajvarANAM trinetrarasaH' (pUjyapAdIye), 34 purANajvarANAM mahAlavaMgAdicUrNam (pUjyapAdIye), pR. 41 'bhRgAkhyaM caikabAhuM sakalagadaharaM bhASitaM puujypaadaiH|' purANajvarakSayAdInAmelAdicUrNam (pUjyapAdIye), pR 42 'elAdya yogarAjaM sakala janahitaM bhASitaM pUjyapAdaiH / ' 9. sapta vidhadoSamArakopadravA:, pR. 60 "yo hRSTaromA raktAkSaH sahikkAzvAsazUlavAn / vibhrAnta locanaM mUDhaM jvaritaM parivarjayet // (pUjyapAdIye)" 10. kSayarogANAM 'lokanAtharasaH' (pUjyapAdIye), pR. 78 11. pANDurogamArakopadravAH, pR. 81 'pANDudantanakho yastu pANDunetrazca yo bhavet / pANDusaMghAtadarzI ca pANDurogI vinazyati // ' (pUjyapAdIye) 12. 'zAphamudgararasa: (graMthAntare), pR. 85 "zophamudgaranAmnA'yaM pUjyapAdena nirmitaH / " 13. bhramaNAdivAtAnAM 'gaMdhakarasAyanam, pR. 110 'manuSyAnAM hitArthAya pUjyapAdena nirmitaH / ' 14. vAtAdirogANAM trikaTukAdinasyam (pUjyapAdIye), pR. 111 'pUjyapAdakRto yogo narANAM hitakAmyayA' / 15. 'trinetrarasaH' pUjyapAdIye, pR. 143 16. kRSNakAsalakSaNam (pUjyapAdIye), pR. 145 17. kRSNakAse 'rasendraguTikA', pR. 145 18. mehapiTikopadravAH (pUjyapAdIye), pR. 160 19. pramehaHpaTikAbhedA: (pUjyapAdIye), pR. 160 20. zItamehe 'nAgendraguTikA' (pUjyapAdIye). pR. 163 21. 'mRtasaMjIvanIguTikA' (siddharasArNave), pR. 191 'mRtasaMjIvanI hyaSA puujypaadairudiiritaa|' 22. 'punarnavAditalam' (pUjyapAdIye), pR. 198 23. RSyajihvakakuSThe 'zailendrarasaH' pUjyapAdIye, pR. 213 24. sarvopadaMzAnAM 'vyAdhiharaNarasaH pR. 232 'ayaM vyAdhihara: sUtaH pUjyapAdena nirmitaH / ' [ 47 ]

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25. 'jambvAdinam ( pUjyapAdIye), pR. 247 26. 'garUDAnjanam' ( pUjyapAdIye), pR. 266 27. 'sthaulyAntakarasa:' ( pUjyapAdIye), pR. 274 28. 'pAradAdiguTikA' ( pUjyapAdIye), pR. 29 29. pariNAmazUlalakSaNam ( pUjyapAdIye) pR. 294 - 295 30. apasmAronmAdAnAM prasiddhanasyAni ( pUjyapAdIye, pR. 305-306 31. kAlasphoTAdilakSaNacikitse ( pUjyapAdIye), pR 348 32. bhRMgarAjatailam, pR. 357 'taila rahasyaM paramaM valIpalitanAzanam (pUjyapAdIye ) ' isa saMkalana se jJAta hotA hai ki pUjyapAda ke 'pUjyapAdIya' graMtha meM nidAna aura cikitsA kA vistAra se varNana hogA / inameM adhikAMza rasayoga sammilita the / aneka yogoM ke anta meM 'pUjyapAdena bhASita' aisA ullekha hone se ina yogoM kA prathama nirmANa (AviSkAra) karane kA zreya pUjyapAda ko hai / kalyANakAraka -- jaina siddhAnta-bhavana, ArA (bihAra) se yaha graMtha 'akalaMkasaMhitA' nAma se prakAzita huA hai / graMtha ke prArambha meM diye gaye padyoM se isa graMtha kA nAma 'kalyANakAraka' aura 'vaidyasArasaMgraha' yA 'sArasaMgraha' sUcita hotA hai| isameM vAgbhaTa, suzruta, hAgatamuni, rudradeva Adi AcAryoM ke granthoM se mata va vacana lekara madhusaMcaya kiyA gayA hai / ise vijaya upAdhyAya dvArA nirmita batAyA gayA hai | " isameM samantabhadra ke rasayoga (pR. 1 se ), pUjyapAda ke rasa, cUrNa, guTikA Adi yoga (pR. 6 se 32 ) tathA gommaTadeva kRta 'merudaNDatatra' se nADIparIkSA aura jvara nidAna Adi kA varNana hai (pR. 33 se Age ) / yaha gratha pUjyapAda dvArA viracita nahIM lagatA / yaha eka saMgraha-graMtha hai / gummaTadeva kA kAla pUjyapAda se paravartI hai / pUjyapAda ne kalyANakAraka kI racanA zArIrika doSoM ke nivAraNa hetu kI thI / isameM jaina paraMparA kA anusaraNa karate hue vibhinna jaina tIrthaMkaroM ke cinhoM se paribhASAeM batAyI hai / 1 'namaH zrIvardhamAnAya nirdhUtakalilAtmane / kalya' raNakArako graMthaH pUjyapAdena bhASitaH || X X sarvaM lokopakArArthaM kathyate sArasaMgrahaH / zrImad vAgbhaTasuzrutAdivimala zrIvaidyazAstrArNave, bhAsvat .... susArasaMgrahamahAvAmAnvite saMgrahe / mantrajJairupalabhya sadvijayagaraNopAdhyAya sannimite, granthe'smin madhupAkasAranicaye pUrNa bhavenmaMgalam / [ 48 } X

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kalyANakAraka (kAnar3I) jagaddala somanAtha ne pUjyapAda kRta 'kalyANakAraka' kA kAnaDI bhASA meM anuvAda kiyA thaa| ataH ise 'karNATaka-kalyANakAraka' kahate haiN| lekhaka jaina thA / jagaddala somanAtha kA kAla 1150 I. hai / isameM graMtha-pIThikA-prakaraNa, paribhASA-prakaraNa, SoDazajvara-cikitsA-nirUpaNa prakaraNa Adi aSTAMga vaidyaka kA varNana hai / 'kannar3a meM cikitsA zAstra kA yaha sabase prAcIna grantha hai| isa grantha meM sabhI upacAra nirAmiSa aura madya-rahita haiN|" isase spaSTa hai ki pUjyapAda ke mUla 'kalyANakAraka' meM bhI madya, mAMsa aura madhu kA prayoga nahIM kiyA gayA thaa| pUjyapAdakRta mUla 'kalyANakAraka' grantha aba prApta nahIM hai| vaidyAmRta gommaTadeva ne apane 'merUtaMtra' nAmaka vaidyaka grantha meM pUjyapAda ko gurU batAte hue unake 'vaidyAmRta' nAmaka grantha kA ullekha nimna paMktiyoM meM kiyA hai 'siddhAMtasya ca vedino jinamate jainendrapANinya ca / kalpavyAkaraNAya te bhagavate devyAliyArAdhipA (?) / / zrIjainendravacassudhArasavaraiH vaidyAmRto dhAryate / zrIpAdAsya sadA namostu gurave zrIpUjyapAdau muneH // saMbhavataH yaha grantha kannar3a bhASA meM rahA hogaa| aba yaha anupalabdha hai / zAlAka taMtra ugrAdityAcArya (8vIM zatI anta) ne apane 'kalyANakAraka' graMtha meM pUjyapAda ke 'zAlAkyataMtra' kA ullekha kiyA hai| 'zAlAkyaM pUjyapAdaprakaTitam' (pariccheda 20, zloka 85) / isameM aneka sthaloM para 'pUjyapAdena bhASitaH' aisA likhA hai / nADIparIkSA pUjyapAda kI yaha svataMtra racanA yA kisI grantha kA bhAga ho sakatA hai / nidAnamuktAvalI yaha chaH patroM kA choTA sA nidAna kA grantha hai| isameM do prakAra ke ariSTa batAye gaye haiM-1. kAlAriSTa aura 2. svasthAriSTa / ___ granthAraMbha meM likhA hai 1 paM. vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI, kalyANakAraka kI bhUmikA, pR. 39-40 2 yAjadAnI, dakana kA prAcIna itihAsa, pR. 416 3 jinaratnakoSa, pR. 210 [ 49 ]

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'riSTaM doSaM pravakSyAmi sarvazAstreSu sammatam / sarvaprANihitaM dRSTaM kAlAriSTaM ca nirNayam / / ' grantha meM kahIM pUjyapAda kA nAma nahIM hai, kintu anta meM 'pUjyapAdaviracitam' aisA likhA hai| madanakAmaratnam yaha mukhyatayA kAmazAstra evaM vAjIkaraNa viSayaka grantha hai| isameM prArambha meM mahApUrNacaMdrodaya, agni kumAra, jvarabalaphaNigarUr3a, kAlakUTa, ratnAkara, udayamArtaNDa, suvarNamAlya, pratApalaMkezvara, bAlasUryodaya aura anya jvara Adi rogoM ke lie rasayoga, kapUra ke guNa, mRgahArabheda, kastUrIbheda kastUrIguNa, kastUryanupAna, kastUrIparIkSA, kAmadeva ke paryAya, 34prakAra ke kAmezvararasa, vAjIkaraNa auSadha, taila, liMgavardhanalepa, puruSavazyakArI auSadha, guTikA nirmANa kI vidhi, kAma siddhi ke lie maMtra prayoga Adi viSayoM kA nirUpaNa hai / grantha apUrNa aura padyabaddha hai - isakA kartA pUjyapAda kahA gayA hai| netraprakAzikA yadyapi yaha grantha nandikezvara dvArA viracita batAyA gayA hai, parantu granthArambha meM likhA hai ki pUjyapAda ne isakA hayagrIvamuni ke lie upadeza diyA thA "pUjyapAdastathA samyag hayagrIvamuni prati / uvAca vacanaM puNyaM kaivalyaphaladaM zubham / / " isameM netrarogacikitsA umAmahezvarasaMvAda ke rUpa meM varNita hai / yaha siddha-graMtha hai| ratnAkarauSadhayogagraMtha (ratnAkarAdyauSadhayogagraMtha) yaha pUjyapAdakRta racanA hai / samAdhizatakam -- pUjyapAdakRta / siddhAntibhASyam- yaha nidAnamuktAvalI kA bhASya hai / isake kartA svayaM pUcyapAda haiN| 'nidAna mukkAvalI' kI puSpikA meM likhA hai"zrImajjaThara dezikamantravAdaSar3abhASAkavicakravartizrIpUjyapAdasvAmiviracite siddhAnti bhASye ariSTa nidAno dvAdazodhyAyaH / " 1 rAjakIya hastalikhita graMthAgAra, madrAsa, graMthAMka 13161, 13162, 13163 / rAjakIya hastaprati graMthAgAra madrAsa, graMthAMka 13299; isa para telugu meM artha bhI diyA huA hai| * sarasvatI mahala lAibrerI, taMjaura, graMthAMka 11073 + rAjakIya hastalikhina graMthAgAra, madrAsa, graMthAMka 13190, 13191 5 vahI pR. 14794 6 rAjakIya ha. graMthAgAra, madrAsa, keTalaoNga, khaMDa XXIII. pR. 8858, 'nidaanmuktaavlii'| [ 50 ]

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rasaratnAkararudantyAdikalpa-3 proSadhayogagraMtha - madasnuhIrasAyanam vaidyakagrantha - yaha kannar3I bhASA meM hai, kahIM-kahIM saMskRta zloka bhI uddhRta haiN| isa hastaprati ke patra 82 para pUjyapAda kA ullekha hai___'yidaM gandhaka rasAyena sarvalokopakAraNaM sarvabhUtahitArthaya pUjyapAdena bhASitaM' / vastutaH grantharacanA navIna hai aura kisI ajJAta vyakti dvArA viracita hai| uparyukta racanAoM kA saMbaMdha siddha-paramparA se hai| nizcayapUrvaka nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai ki inameM se kitanI racanAeM vAstava meM pUjyapAdakRta haiN| 1360 I. ke lagabhaga 'maMgarAja' ne vicikitsA para 'khagendramaNidarpaNa' nAmaka vistRta grantha kannar3I meM likhA thaa| isameM pUjyapAda ko gurubhAva se smaraNa kiyA gayA hai aura unake grantha se hI isa grantha kI viSaya sAmagrI saMgrahita kiye jAne kA ullekha hai / pAtrakesari yA pAtrasvAmI (6ThI zatI) kahA jAtA hai ki ye dakSiNa ke ahicchatranagara ke rAjapurohita the| yaha samantabhadra kI AptamImAMsA ko par3hakara atyaMta prabhAvita hue aura inhoMne jainadharma aMgIkAra kara liyaa| ye digambara the| bauddhoM dvArA pratipAdita hetu ke lakSaNa kA khaMDana karane ke lie inhoMne padmAvatI devI kI kRpA se 'vilakSaNakadarthana' nAmaka graMtha likhA thaa| zravaNabelagolA ke malliSeNaprazasti (san 1 28) meM isa prasaMga kA ullekha hai 'mahimA sa pAtrakesariguroH paraM bhavati yasya bhaktyAsIt / padmAvatI sahAyA vilakSaNakadarthanaM kartum / / ugrAdityAcAryakRta 'kalyANakAraka' meM inake 'zalyataMtra' nAmaka grantha kA ullekha hai| yaha grantha bhI aba prApta nahIM hai| 'zalyataMtraM ca pAtrasvAmiprokta' (ka.kA. 20185) 1 vahI, pR. 8892, graMthAMka 13199, 13200, 13201 - vahI. pR. 8898, graMthAMka 13212 / vahI, pR. 8818 4 sarasvatI mahala lAibrerI, taMjora, graMthAMka 11233 5 bhAMDArakara proriyaMTala risarca iMsTITyUTa, pUnA, graMthAMka 243 (graM. 1066, riporTa 1889-91) * jaina zilAlekhasaMgraha, bhAga 1, pR. 103 [ 51 ]

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inakA kAla vIranirvANa kI gyArahavIM zatI ( 5vI-6ThI zatI I. ) mAnA jAtA hai / siddhasena yaha dakSiNa ke prAcIna prasiddha digambara AcArya the, jinhoMne 'agadataMtra' (viSa) aura 'bhUta vidyA' (ugragrahazamana) para graMtha likhA thaa| yaha aba aprApya hai / ugrAdityAcArya ne 'kalyANakAraka' (pa. 20185) meM inakA ullekha kiyA hai"viSogragrahazamana vidhiH siddhasenaiH prasiddhaiH / ' ataH inakA kAla 8vIM zatI se pUrva kA pramANita hotA hai| inake kAla va sthAna kA vizeSa paricaya nahIM milatA hai / __ meghanAda ___ yaha dakSiNa kI digambara paraMparA ke AcArya aura vaidyaka ke vidvAn the| inake dvArA viracita 'bAlavaidya' (kaumArabhRtya =bAlacikitsA) kA ullekha ugrAdityAcArya ne kalyANakAraka (pa. 20185) meM kiyA hai-'meghanAdai: zizUnAM vaidya' / ataH inakA kAla 8vIM zatI se pUrva kA jJApta hotA hai / . siMhanAda (siMhasena) inake nAma kA pAThAMtara 'siMhasena' milatA hai| inhoMne 'vAjIkaraNa' aura 'rasAyana' para cikitsAgrantha likhA thA / ___ugrAdityAcArya ne kalyANakAraka (pa. 20185) meM inakA ullekha kiyA hai'vRSyaM ca divyAmRtamapi kathitaM siMhanAdaimunIndraH / ' vRSya =vAjIkaraNa / divyAmRta=dIrghAyu dene vAlA zAstra -rasAyanataMtra / inakA kAla 8vIM zatI se pUrva kA pramANita hotA hai / dazarathamuni yaha dakSiNa ke digambara muni the| inhoMne 'kAyacikitsA' para koI grantha likhA thaa| yaha aprApta hai| ugrAdityAcArya praNIta kalyANakAraka (pa. 20185) meM inakA pUrvAcArya ke rUpa meM ullekha huA hai- 'kAye sA cikitsA dazarathagurubhiH' / saMbhavataH ye ugrAditya ke guru rahe hoN| unake anya guru, jinakA kalyANakAraka meM do tIna sthAnoM para ullekha hai, kA nAma zrInandi thaa| 'AdipurANa' ke kartA jinasena ke dazarathaguru satIrtha (sahapAThI, gurubhAI) the| inake guru AcArya vIrasena (SaTkhaMDAgamapara 'dhavalA' aura kaSAyaprAbhRta para 'jayaghavalA' TIkA ke racayitA) hue / ye - - - - - 1 vIra zAsana ke prabhAvaka prAcArya, pR. 40 / 52 ]

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mUlasaMgha ke paMcastUpAnvaya ke AcArya the| jinasena aura dazarathaguru ke prasiddha ziSya guNa bhadra hue| uttarapurANa kI prazasti (zloka saM. 11-12) meM AcArya guNabhadra ne likhA hai- 'jisa prakAra caMdramA kA sadharmI sUrya hotA hai, usI prakAra jinasena ke sadharmI yA satIrtha dazaratha guru the, jo ki saMsAra ke padArthoM kA avalokana karAne ke lie advitIya netra the| inakI vANI se jagat kA svarUpa avagata kiyA jAtA thaa|' gommaTadeva muni yaha dakSiNa bhArata ke digambara AcArya the| inakA 'merUtaMtra' yA 'merUdaNDataMtra' nAmaka vaidyagrantha prApta hai| isake pratyeka pariccheda ke anta meM pUjyapAda kA sammAnapUrvaka nAmollekha huA hai| ata: ye pUjyapAda se paravartI haiN| jaina siddhAntabhavana ArA (bihAra) se prakAzita 'sArasaMgraha' meM gommaTadevakRta 'merudaNDataMtra' se nADIparIkSA aura jvara nidAna Adi ko uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| kalyANakAraka aura usakA kartA ugrAdityAcArya dakSiNa ke jainAcAryoM dvArA racita 'Ayurveda' yA 'prANAvAya' ke upalabdha graMthoM meM 'ugrAditya' kA 'kalyANakAraka' sabase prAcIna, mukhya aura mahatvapUrNa hai| prANAvAya kI prAcIna jaina-paramparA kA digdarzana hameM ekamAtra isI grantha se prApta hotA hai| yahI nahIM, isakA anya dRSTi se bhI bahuta mahatva hai| IsavI AThavIM zatAbdI meM pracalita cikitsA prayogoM aura rasauSadhiyoM se bhinna aura sarvathA navIna prayoga hameM isa grantha meM dekhane ko milate haiN| __sabase pahale 1922 meM narasiMhAcArya ne apanI purAtatva saMbaMdhI riporTa meM isa graMtha ke mahatva aura viSayavastu ke vaiziSTya para nimnAMkita paMktiyoM meM prakAza DAlA thA, taba se aba taka isa para paryApta U pAha kiyA gayA hai"Another manuscript of some interest is the medical work 'KALYANAKARAKA of Ugraditya, a Jaina author, who was a contemporary of the Rastrakuta King Amoghavarsha I and of the Eastern Chalu 1 kalyANakAraka, prastAvanA, pR. 38 2 'kalyANakAraka' grantha kA prakAzana solApura se seTha goviMdajI rAvajI dozI ne san 1940 meM kiyA hai| isameM mUla saMskRta pATha ke atirikta paM. varddhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI kRta hindI anuvAda bhI prakAzita kiyA gayA hai| isake saMpAdana meM cAra hastalikhita pratiyoM se sahAyatA lI gayI hai| [ 53 1

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kya King Kali Vishnuvardhan V. The work opens with the stateinent that the science of Medicine is divided into two parts, namely prevention and cure, and gives at the end a long discourse in Sanskrit prose on the uselessness of a flesh diet, said to have been delivered by the author at the court of Amoghvarsha, where many learned men and doctors had assembled": (Mysore Archaeological Report, 1922, Page 23) arthAt - "anya mahatvapUrNa hastalikhita grantha ugrAditya kA cikitsAzAstra para 'kalyANakAraka' nAmaka racanA hai| yaha vidvAn jaina lekhaka aura rASTrakUTa rAjA amoghavarSa prathama tathA pUrvI cAlukya rAjA kali viSNuvardhana pacama kA samakAlIna thaa| graMtha ke prAraMbha meM kahA gayA hai ki cikitsAvijJAna do bhAgoM meM baMTA huA hai-jinake nAma haiM - 'pratibaMdhaka cikitsA' aura 'pratikArAtmaka cikitsaa'| tathA, isa grantha ke anta meM saMskRta gadya meM mAMsAhAra kI nirarthakatA ke saMbaMdha meM vistRta saMbhASaNa diyA gayA hai, jo, batAyA jAtA hai ki, amoghavarSa kI rAjasabhA meM lekhaka ne prastuta kiyA thA, jahAM para aneka vidvAn aura cikitsaka ekatrita the|" granthakAra-paricaya--grantha 'kalyANakAraka' meM kartA kA nAma ugrAditya diyA huA hai| unake mAtA-pitA aura mUla nivAsa Adi kA koI paricaya prApta nahIM hotA / parigrahatyAga karane vAle jaina sAdhu ke lie apane vaMza-paricaya ko dene kA vizeSa Agraha aura AvazyakatA bhI pratIta nahIM hotii| hAM, guru kA aura apane vidyApITha kA paricaya vistAra se ugrAditya ne likhA hai / guru-ugrAditya ne apane guru kA nAma 'zrInandi' batAyA hai| vaha saMpUrNa AyurvedazAstra (prANAvAya) ke jJAtA the| unase ugrAditya ne prANAvAya meM varNita doSoM, doSaja ugrarogoM aura unakI cikitsA Adi kA saba prakAra se jJAna prApta kara isa graMtha (kalyANakAraka) meM pratipAdana kiyA hai / / isase jJAta hotA hai, zrInandi usa kAla meM 'prANAvAya' ke mahAn vidvAn aura prasiddha AcArya the| 1 ka. kA. pa. 20, zloka 84 'zrInaMdyAcAryAdazeSAgamajJAd jJAtvA doSAt doSajAnugrarogAn / tabhaiSajyakramaM cApi sarva prANAvAyAdudhatya nItam / / (prA) ka. kA., pa. 21, zloka 3 zrInaMdiprabhavo'khilAgamavidhi: zikSApradaH sarvadA / prAraNAvAyanirUpitamarthamakhilaM sarvajJasaMbhASitaM / / sAmagrIguraNatA hi siddhimadhunA zAstra svayaM naanythaa| [ 54 ]

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zrInandi ko 'viSNurAja' nAmaka rAjA dvArA vizeSarUpa se sammAna prApta thA / kalyANakAraka meM likhA hai '-"mahArAjA viSNurAja ke mukuTa kI mAlA se jinake caraNayugala zobhita haiM arthAt jinake caraNa kamala meM viSNurAja namaskAra karatA hai, jo sampUrNa Agama ke jJAtA haiM, prazaMsanIya guNoM se yukta haiM aura unase hI merA uddhAra huA hai|" "unakI AjJA se nAnA prakAra ke auSadha-dAna kI siddhi ke lie (arthAt cikitsA kI saphalatA ke lie) aura sajjana vaidyoM ke vAtsalya pradarzana rUpI tapa kI pUrti ke lie, jina-mata (jainAgama) se uddhRta aura loka meM 'kalyANakAraka' ke nAma se prasiddha isa zAstra ko maiMne bnaayaa|'' 'viSNurAja' ke lie yahAM paramezvara' kA viruda likhA gayA hai| yaha paramazreSTha zAsaka kA sUcaka hai| yaha viSNurAja hI, pUrvI cAlukya rAjA kali viSNuvardhana paMcama thA, jo ugrAditya kA samakAlIna thA, aisA narasiMhAcArya kA mata unake upayukta uddharaNa se spaSTa hotA hai| parantu pUrvI cAlukya rAjA kali viSNuvardhana paMcama kA zAsanakAla I. 847 se 848 taka hI rahA / eka varSa kI avadhi meM kisI rAjA dvArA mahAn kArya sampAdana kara pAnA prAyaH saMbhava jJAta nahIM hotaa| zrI vardhamAna zAstrI kA anumAna hai--'yaha viSNurAja amoghavarSa ke pitA goviMdarAja tRtIya kA hI apara nAma honA caahie| kAraNa maharSi jinasena ne 'pArvAbhyudaya' me amoghavarSa kA paramezvara kI upAdhi se ullekha kiyA hai| ho sakatA hai ki yaha upAdhi rASTrakUToM kI paramparAgata ho"3 yaha mata mAnya nahIM, kevala anumAna para AdhArita hai| kyoMki pahale rASTrakUToM kA veMgi para adhikAra nahIM thaa| amoghavarSa prathama ne usa para sabase pahale adhikAra kiyA thaa| yaha viSNurAja, jo veMgi kA zAsaka thA, nizcaya hI kali viSNuvardhana aura amoghavarSa prathama se pUrvavartI viSNuvardhana caturtha nAmaka atyanta prabhAvazAlI aura jainamatAnuyAyI pUrvI cAlukya rAjA thaa| isakA zAsanakAla I. 764 se 799 taka rahA / 1 ka. kA., pa. 25: zloka 51-52 "zrIviSNurAjaparamezvaramaulimAlA saMlAlitAMghriyugalaH sakalAgamajJaH / pAlApanIyaguNasonnata sanmunIndraH zrInaMdinaMditagurugururujito'ham / / tasyAjJayA vividhabheSajadAnasidhyai savaidyavatsalatapaH paripUraNArdham / zAstraM kRtaM jinamatoddhRtametadughet kalyANakArakamiti prathitaM dharAyAm / / 3 Narasinghacharya-Mysore Archaeological Report, 1922, Page 23 3 vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI, kalyANakAraka, upodghAta, pR, 42 [ 55 ]

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DA. jyotiprasAda jaina ne bhI yahI ullikhita kiyA hai ki viSNuvardhana caturtha cAlukya rAjA ke kAla meM zronandi sammAnita hue the / / nivAsasthAna aura kAla-ugrAditya kI nivAsa bhUmi - 'rAmagiri' thI, jahA~ unhoMne zrInandi guru se vidyAdhyayana tathA 'kalyANakAraka' graMtha kI racanA kI thii| kalyANakAraka meM likhA haiM"veMgIzatrikaliMgadazajananaprastutyasAnUtkaTa: prodyavRkSalatAvitAnanirataH siddhazca vidyAdharaH / sarve maMdira kaMdaropamaguhAcaityAlayAlaMkRte ramye rAmagirI mayA viracitaM zAstraM hitaM praNinAm / / (ka. kA. pari. 20, zloka 87) 'sthAnaM rAmagirigirIndrasadRzaH sarvArthasiddhipradra' (ka. kA., pR. 21, zloka 3) 'rAmagiri' kI sthiti ke viSaya meM vivAda hai| zrI nAthUrAma premI kA mata hai ki chattIsagar3ha mahAkauzala) kSetra ke saragujA sTeTa kA rAmagar3ha hI yaha rAmagiri hogaa| yahAM guhA, maMdira aura caityAlaya haiM tathA ugrAditya ke samaya yahAM siddha aura vidyAdhara vicaraNa karate rahe hoNge| uparyukta padya meM rAmagiri ko trikaliMga pradeza kA pradhAnasthAna batAyA gayA hai| gagA se kaTaka taka ke pradeza ko utkala yA uttarakaliMga, kaTaka se mahendragiri taka ke parvatIya bhAga ko madhyakaliMga aura mahendragiri se godAvarI taka ke sthAna ko dakSiNa kaliMga kahate the / ina tInoM kI milita saMjJA 'trikaliMga' thii| kAlidAsa dvArA vaNita rAmagiri bhI yahI sthAna honA cAhie jo lakSmaNapura se 12 mIla dUra hai| SadmapurANa ke anusAra yahAM rAmacandra ne maMdira banavAye the| yahAM parvata meM kaI guphAeM aura maMdiroM ke bhagnAvazeSa haiN| vastutaH, yaha rAmagiri, vijagApaTTama jile meM 'rAmatIrtha' nAmaka sthAna hai| yahAM para 'durgapaMcaguphA' kI bhitti para eka zilAlekha bhI hai| isameM kisI eka pUrvIya cAlukya ke saMbaMdha meM jAnakArI dI huI hai| yaha zilAlekha I. 1011-12 kA hai| imase yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki rAmatIrtha jainadharma kA eka pavitra sthAna thA yahAM para aneka jaina anuyAyI rahate the| ukta zilAlekha meM rAmatIrtha ko rAmakoMDa bhI likhA hai| pa. kailAza candra ke anusAra-'IsavIsan kI prAraMbhika zatAbdiyoM meM rAmatIrtha meM bauddhadharma ke bahuta avazeSa prApta hue haiN| yaha ullekhanIya hai ki bauddhadharma ke patanakAla meM kaise jainoM - - - - 1 DA. jyotiprasAda jaina; bhAratIya itihAsa, eka dRSTi; pR. 290 2 nAthUlAla premI, jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pR. 212 3 vahI pR. 2:2 [ 56 ]

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ne isa sthAna para kabjA jamAyA aura use apane dharmasthAna ke rUpa meM parivartita kara diyA / DA. jyotiprasAda jaina ne rAmatIrtha kI vaibhavapUrNa sthiti ko 11vIM zatAbdI ke madhya taka svIkAra kiyA hai __ "rAmatIrtha (rAmagiri) bhI 11vIM zatAbdI ke madhya taka prasiddha evaM unnata jaina sAMskRtika kendra banA rahA jaisA ki vahAM ke eka zilAlekha se pramANita hotA hai| vimalAditya (1022 I.) ke bhI eka kannar3I zilAlekha se jJAta hotA hai ki usake guru trikAlayogI zidAladeva tathA vimalAditya svayaM rAjA bhI jainatIrtha ke rUpa meM rAmagiri kI vandanA karane gaye the|" ugrAditya ke kAla meM rAmagiri apane pUrNa vaibhava para thA / usakA samakAlIna zAsaka veMgikA pUrvI cAlukya rAjA viSNuvardhana caturtha (764-799 I.) thA / "viSNuvardhana caturtha jainadharma kA bar3A bhakta thA / isa kAla meM vijayApaTTama (vizAkhApattanam) jile kI rAmatIrtha yA rAmakoMr3a nAmaka pahAr3iyoM para eka bhArI jaina sAMskRtika kendra vidyamAna thA / trikaliMga (AMdhra / deza ke veMgipradeza kI samatala bhUmi meM sthita yaha rAmagiri parvata aneka jainaguhAmandiroM, jinAlayoM evaM anya dhArmika kRtiyoM se suzobhita thaa| aneka vidvAn janamuni vahAM nivAsa karate the / vividha vidyAoM evaM viSayoM ko ucca zikSA ke lie yaha saMsthAna eka mahAn vidyApITha thA / veMgi ke cAlukya narezoM ke saMrakSaNa meM jainAcArya zrInandi isa vidyApITha ke pradhAnAcArya the| vaha Ayurveda Adi viminna viSayoM meM niSNAta the / svayaM mahArAja viSNuvardhana unake caraNoM kI pUjA karate the| ina AcArya ke pradhAna ziSya ugrAdityAcArya the, jo Ayurveda evaM cikitsAzAstra ke udbhaTa vidvAn the / san 799 I. ke kucha pUrva hI unhoMne apane suprasiddha vaidyaka graMtha kalyANakAraka kI racanA kI thii| graMthaprazasti se spaSTa hai ki mUlagraMtha ko unhoMne nareza viSNuvardhana ke hI zAsanakAla aura prazraya meM racA thA / " "trikaliMga' deza hI Ajakala tailaMgAnA yA tilaMgAnA kahalAtA hai, jo isa zabda kA bigar3A huA rUpa hai / veMgi rAjya isI kSetra ke antargata thA / veMgI rAjya kI sImA uttara meM godAvarI nadI dakSiNa meM kRSNA nadI pUrva meM samudrataTa aura pazcima meM pazcimIghATa thii| isakI rAjadhAnI veMgI nagara thI, jo isa samaya peDDaveMgI (godAvarI jilA) nAma se prasiddha hai / "4 1 pa. kailAzacaMdra, dakSiNa meM jainadharma pR.70-71 2 DaoN. jyotiprasAda jaina, bhAratIya itihAsaH eka dRSTi, pR. 291 3 DA. jyotiprasAda jaina, bhAratIya itihAsa, eka dRSTi, pR. 289-90 4 nAthUrAma premI, jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pR. 86 / 57 ]

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ata: nizcayapUrvaka kahA jA sakatA hai ki ugrAdityAcArya mUlataH telaMgAnA (AMdhra pradeza) ke nivAsI the aura unakI nivAsa bhUmi 'rAmagiri' (vizAkhApaTTana jile kI rAmatIrtha yA rAmakoMDa) nAmaka pahAr3iyAM thii| yahIM para jinAlaya meM baiThakara unhoMne kalyANakAraka kI racanA kI thii| unakA kAla 8vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArddha thaa| uparyukta vivecana se yaha tathya bhI prakaTa hotA hai ki ugrAdityAcArya ko vAstavika saMrakSaNa veMgi ke pUrvI cAlukya rAjA viSNuvardhana caturtha ( 764-799 I.)se prApta huA thaa| 615 I. meM cAlukya samrATa pulakezI dvitIya ne AMdhrapradeza para adhikAra kara vahAM apane choTe bhAI kubja viSNuvardhana ko prAntIya zAsaka niyukta kiyA thaa| isa deza kI ra'jadhAnI 'veMgI' thii| pulakezI ke atimakAla meM veMgI kA zAsaka svataMtra ho gayA aura usane veMgI ke pUrvI cAlukya rAjavaMza kI sthApanA kii| isa rAjavaMza ke narezoM meM jainadharma ke prati bahuta AsthA thii| isI vaza meM pUrvokta viSNuvardhana caturtha ( I. 764799) huaa| rASTrakUToM ke sAtha isake aneka yuddha hue the / viSNuvardhana caturtha jainadharma kA anuyAyI thaa| isakI mRtyu ke bAda isa vaMza meM jo rAjA hue ve durbala the / rASTrakUTa samrAT govinda tRtIya (793-81 ii.| aura usake putra samrAT amoghavarSa prathama (814-878 I. / ne aneka bAra veMgi para AkramaNa kara pUrvI cAlukyoM ko parAjita kiyaa| ata: yaha saMbhAvanA ucita hI pratIta hotI hai ki cAlukya samrATa viSNuvardhana caturtha kI mRtyu ke bAda jaba pUrvI cAlukyoM kA vaibhava samApta hone lagA aura rASTrakUTa samrATa amoghavarSa prathama kI prasiddhi aura jainadharma ke prati AsthA bar3hane lagI to ugrAdityAcArya ne amoghavarSa prathama kI rAjasabhA meM Azraya prApta kiyA ho| saMbhava hai, amoghavarSa kI madya-mAMsa priyatA ko dUra karane ke lie unheM usakI rAjasabhA meM upasthita honA par3A ho athavA unheM samrATa ne AmaMtrita kiyA ho| ata: "kalyANakAraka'' ke ata meM nRpatuga amoghavarSa kA bhI ullekha hai| aimA spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki ugrAdityAcArya "kalyANakAraka" kI racanA rAmagiri meM hI 799 I. taka kara cuke the| parantu bAda meM jaba amoghavarSa prathama kI rAjasabhA meM Aye to unhoMne madya-mAsa- sevana ke niSedha kI yuktiyuktatA pratipAdita karate hue usake aMta meM 'hitAhita' nAmaka eka nayA adhyAya aura jor3a diyA / DA. jyotiprasAda jaina kA bhI yahI vicAra hai "AcArya ugrAditya ne apane kalyANakAraka nAmaka vaidyaka graMtha kI racanA 800 I. ke pUrva hI kara lI thI kiMtu amoghavarSa ke Agraha para unhoMne usakI rAjasabhA meM Akara aneka vaidyoM eva vidvAnoM ke samakSa madya-mAMsa-niSedha kA vaijJAnika vivecana kiyA aura isa aitihAsika bhASaNa ko 'hitAhita adhyAya' ke nAma se pariziSTa rUpa meM apane graMtha meM sammilita kiyaa|"1 - - - - - 1 DA. jyotiprasAda jaina, bhAratIya itihAsaH eka dRSTi, pR. 302 [ 58 ]

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isa prakAra AcArya ugrAditya kA uttarakAlIna jIvana dakSiNa ke rASTrakUTavaMzIya samrATa amoghavarSa prathama kA samakAlIna rhaa| isa zAsaka kA zAsana kAla 814 se 878 I. rahA thaa| samrATa amoghavarSa prathama ko nRpatuga, mahArAjazarva, mahArAjazaNDa, vIranArAyaNa, atizayadhavala, zarvadharma, vallabharAya, zrIpRthvIvallabha, lakSmIvallabha, mahArAjAdhirAja, bhaTAra, parama bhaTTAraka Adi viruda prApta the| yaha govinda tRtIya kA putra thaa| jisa samaya siMhAsana para baiThA, usa samaya usakI Ayu 9-10 varSa kI thI, ata: gurjaradeza kA zAsaka, jo usake cAcA indra kA putra thA, karkarAja usakA abhibhAvaka aura saMrakSaka banA / 82 1I.meM amoghavarSa ke vayaska hone para karkarAja ne vidhivat rAjyAbhiSeka kiyaa| amoghavarSa ke pitA govinda tRtIya ne elorA aura mayUrakhaMDI se haTAkara rASTrakUToM kI navIna rAjadhAnI mAnyakheTa nAsika ke pAsa (malakheDa) meM sthApita kI thii| parantu usake kAla meM isakI bAharI prAcIra mAtra nirmANa ho skii| amoghavarSa ne aneka sundara va bhavya prAsAdoM, sarovaroM aura bhavanoM ke nirmANa dvArA usakA alaMkaraNa kiyA / amoghavarSa eka zAMtipriya aura dharmAtmA zAsaka thaa| yuddhoM kA saMcAlana prAyaH usake senApani aura yoddhA hI karate rhe| ata. use vaibhava, samRddhi aura zakti ko bar3hAne kA khUba avasara prApta huA / "851 I. meM araba saudAgara sulemAna bhArata AyA thaa| usane 'dIrghAyu balaharA' (ballabharAya) nAma se amogha kA varNana kiyA hai aura likhA hai ki usa samaya saMsArabhara meM jo sarvamahAn cAra samrATa the, ve bhArata kA vallabha rAya (amoghavarSa), cIna kA samrATa, bagadAda kA khalIfA aura rUma kustuntuniyA) kA samrATa the|" vaha svayaM vIra, guNI aura vidvAn hone ke sAtha usane aneka vidvAnoM, kaviyoM aura guNiyoM ko apanI rAjasabhA meM Azraya pradAna kiyaa| isake kAla meM saMskRta, prAkRta, kannar3I aura tamila bhASAoM ke vividha viSayoM ke sAhitya-sRjana meM apUrva protsAhana milaa| samrATa amoghavarSa digambara jaina dharma kA anuyAyI aura Adarza jaina zrAvaka thA / vIra sena svAmI ke ziSya AcArya jinasena svAmI kA vaha ziSya thaa| jinasena svAmI usake rAjaguru aura dharmaguru the| jaisA ki guNabhadrAcAryakRta 'uttarapurANa' (I. 898) me likhA hai 1 pro. sAletora. Mediaval Jainism, P. 38; paM. kailAzacandra, dakSiNa bhArata meM __ jainadharma, pR 90 2 bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMza, bhAga 3, pR. 38 3 DA. jyotiprasAda jaina, bhAratIya itihAsa : eka daSTi, pR. 301 4 pro. sAletora, Mediaval Jainism, P. 38 [ 59 ]

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"yasya prAMzunakhAMzujAlavisaraddhArAMtarAvirbhAvatpAdAmbhojarajaH pizaMgamukuTa pratyagraratnadyutiH / saMsmartA svamamoghavarSanRpatiH pUtohamadyetyalam sa zrImAJjinasenapUjyabhagatpAdo ___jaganmaMgalam / / " AcArya jinasena dvArA racita 'pArvAbhyudaya' nAmaka mahAna kAvya meM sarga ke anta meM isa prakAra kA ullekha milatA hai - "ityamoghavarSaparamezvaraparamaguruzrIjinasenAcAryaviracite meghadUtaveSTite pArvAbhyudaye bhagavatkaivalyavarNanam nAma caturthaH sargaH ityAdi / " amoghavarSa ne jaina vidvAnoM ko bhI mahAna saMrakSaNa pradAna kiyA aura aneka jaina muniyoM ko dAna diye| vaha syAdavAdavidyA kA premI thii| usake Azrita prasiddha gaNitAcArya mahAvIrAcArya ne apane jaina gaNita graMtha 'gaNitasArasaMgraha' meM amoghavarSa ko syAdvAdasiddhAMta kA anukaraNa karane vAlA kahA hai| ___ isake zAsanakAla aura Azraya meM 'rAddhAMtagraMtha' kI 'jayadhavalA' nAmaka TIkA (I. 837) kI pUrti jinasena svAmI ne kii| isa TokA kA lekhana-prArambha unake guru vIrasena svAmI ne kiyA thaa| isake atirikta AcArya zAkaTAyana pAlyakIrti ne 'zabdAnuzAsana' vyAkaraNa aura usakI amoghavRtti kI racanA kii| svayaM samrATa amoghavarSa ne saMskRta meM praznottara ratnamAlA' nAmaka nItigrantha aura kannar3I meM 'kavirAjamArga' nAmaka chaMda alaMkAra kA zAstragra tha racA thA / ___'praznottararatnamAlA' se jJAta hotA hai ki amoghavarSa ne apane pitA ke samAna hI jIvana ke antimakAla meM rAjya tyAga diyA thaa|1 60 varSa rAjya karane ke bAda 875-76 I. ke lagabhaga apane jyeSTha putra kRSNa dvitIya ko rAjya sauMpa kara amoghavarSa zrAvaka ke rUpa meM jIvana-yApana karane lge| jaisA ki Upara batAyA jA cukA hai, yahI amoghavarSa prathama nRpatuga vallabharAya AcArya ugrAditya kA samakAlIna zAsaka thaa| isakA pramANa hameM 'kalyANakAraka' kI nimna paMktiyoM meM milatA hai| "khyAtaH zrInRpatugavallabha-mahArAjAdhirAjasthitaH / prodyadbharisabhAMtare bahuvidhaprakhyAta vidvajjane / / maaNsaashiprkrendrtaakhilbhissgvidyaavidaamgrto| mAMse niSphalatAM nirUpya nitarAM jainendravaidyasthitam / / ityazeSavizeSaviziSTaduSTapizitAzivaidyazAstreSu mAMsanirAkaraNArthamugrAdityAcArya patugavallabhedrasabhAyAmudghoSitaM prakaraNam / " (kalyANakAraka, hitAhitAdhyAya, samAptisUcaka aNsh)| / vibekAtyaktarAjyena rAjJeyaM ratnamAlikA / racitA'moghavaraNa sudhiyA sadalaMkRtiH / / (pra.ra.mA.) [ 60 1

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arthAt - 'prasiddha nRpatRraMga vallabha (rAya) mahArAjAdhirAja kI sabhA meM jahAM aneka prakAra ke prasiddha vidvAn vidyamAna the, mAMsa bhakSaNa kI pradhAnatA kA SoSaNa karane vAle vaidyakavidyA ke vidvAnoM (vaidyoM) ke sAmane isa jainendra ( jaina matAnuyAyI) vaidya ne upasthita hokara mAMsa kI niSphalatA ( nirarthakatA ) ko pUrNatayA siddha kara diyA / isa prakAra, sabhI viziSTa, duSTa mAMsa ke bhakSaNa kI puSTi karane vAle vaidya - zAstroM meM mAsa kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie, ugrAdityAcArya ne isa prakaraNa ko nRpaturaMga vallabha rAjA kI sabhA meM udghoSita kiyA / ' isa varNana meM jisa rAjA ke lie ugrAdityAcArya ne 'nRpaturaMga', 'vallabha', 'mahArAjAdhirAja', 'vallabhendra' virudoM kA prayoga kiyA hai, vaha spaSTarUpa se rASTrakUTavaMzIya pratApI samrATa amoghavarSa prathama ( 814 - 877 I ) hI thA / kyoMki ye sabhI viruda usake lie hI prayukta hue haiM, jaisA ki hama pUrva meM likha cuke haiM / ataeva zrI nAthU ma premI kA yaha kathana ucita pratIta nahIM hAtA- 'ugrAditya rASTrakUTa amoghavarSa ke samaya ke batalAye gaye haiM, parantu isameM saMdeha hai / usakI prazasti kI bhI bahuta-sI bAteM saMdehAspada haiM / "1 kRti-paricaya isameM kula ugrAdityAcArya kI eka mAtra vaidyakakRti 'kalyANakAraka' milatI hai / 25 'pariccheda' (adhyAya ) haiM aura usake bAda pariziSTa ke do adhyAya haiM - / riSTAdhyAya aura 2 hitAhitAdhyAya | ina paricchedoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM (a) svAsthyarakSaraNAdhikAra ke antargata pariccheda - 10 zleSmavyAdhi12 mahAmayacikitsita bhagaMdara ) tathA kSudraroga 1 zAstrAvatAra, 2 garbhotpattilakSaNa, 3 sUtravyAvarNanam (zArIra kA varNana ), 4 dhAnyAdiguNAguNa - vicAra, 5 annapAnavidhi, 6 rasAyanavidhi | (A) cikitsAdhikAra ke antargata pariccheda 7 vyAdhisamuddeza 8 vAtarogacikitsita, 9 pittarogacikitsita, cikitsita, 11 mahAmayacikitsita ( prameha, kuSTha, udara ), ( vAtavyAdhi, mUDhagarbha, arza), 3 mahAmayacikitsita ( azmarI, cikitsita ( vRddhi ), 14 kSudrarogacikitsita ( upadaMza, zUkadoSa, zlIpada, apacI, galagaMDa, nADIvraNa, arbuda, graMthi, vidradhi, kSudraroga), 15 kSudrarogacikitsita ( zirorog2a, karNaroga, nAsAroga, mukharoga, netraroga), 16 kSudrarogacikitsita ( zvAsa, kAsa, virasa, tRSNA, chardi, arocaka, svarabheda, udAvarta, hikkA, pratizyAya, 17 kSudrarogacikitsita (hRdroga, krimiroga, ajIrNa roga, mUtrAghAta, mUtrakRccha, yoniroga, gulma, pAMDuroga, kAmalA, mUrcchA. unmAda, apasmAra ), 18 kSudrarogacikitsita (rAjayakSmA, masUrikA, bAlagraha, bhUtataMtra ), 19 sarvaviSacikitsita, 20 zAstrasaMgrahataMtrayukti / 1 zrI nAthUrAma premI, jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pR. 87 [ 61 ]

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(i) isake bAda uttarataMtra prAraMbha hotA hai / isake antargata pariccheda21 karmacikitsAdhikAra (caturvidhakarma-cikitsA kSAra, agni, zastra, auSadha; jalaukA, zirAvyadha), 22 bheSajakarmopadravacikitsAdhikAra (snehana, svedana, vamana, virecana, basti-anuvAsana-nirUha ke asamyak prayoga se hone vAlI ApattiyoM ke bheda va pratikAra), 23 savauSadhakarmavyApaccikitsAdhikAra (uttarabasti, vIrya roga, zuddhazukra, zuddhAtava, garbhAdAnavidhi, garbhiNIcaryA, prasava, sUtikopacAra, dhUma, kavalagaha, nasyavidhi vraNazotha-zotha, palitanAzakalepa, kezakRSNIkaraNayoga), 24 rasarasAyanasidhyadhikAra (rasa, rasasaMskAra, mUrchana, mAraNa, baMdhana, rasazAlA, rasanirmANa, rasaprayoga), 25 kalpAdhikAra (harItakI, Amalaka, triphalA, zilAjatu, vAmyeSA ? kalpa, pASANabhedakalpa, bhallAtapASANakalpa, khaparIkalpa, vajrakalpa, mRttikAkalpa, gozRgyAdikalpa, eraMDAdikalpa, nAgyAdikalpa, kSArakalpa, citrakakalpa, triphlaadiklp)| aMtima do pariziSTAdhyAyo ke prathama 'riSTAdhyAya' meM maraNasUcaka lakSaNoM va cihnoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / dvitIya, 'hitAhitAdhyAya' meM mAMsabhakSaNa-niSedha kA yuktiyukta vivecana hai| isa adhyAya meM svayaM AcArya ugrAditya kI saMskRta TIkA bhI upalabdha hai / isa grantha meM 'vaidya' ke lie kahA gayA hai ki vaha bahuta arthoM (viSayoM) ko jAnane vAlA honA caahie| vidyA ke bala se cikitsA karane vAle ko hI vaidya kahate haiM 'tasmAdvaMdyamudAharAmi niyataM ba hvarthamarthAvahaM / / vaidyaM nAma cikitsitaM na tu punaH vidyod bhavArthAntaram / / / cikitsA ko hI vaidya (vaidyatva yA vaidyakarma) kahate haiM, kevala vidyA se jAne gaye anya arthoM ko hI vaidya nahIM kahA jA sktaa| grantha kA uddezya-- ugrAdityAcArya ne likhA hai - "svayaM ke yaza ke lie yA vinoda ke lie yA kavitva ke garva ke lie yA hamAre para logoM kI abhiruci jAgRta karane ke lie maiMne isa grantha kI racanA nahIM kI hai; apitu yaha samasta karmoM kA nAza karane vAlA jainasiddhAMta hai aisA smaraNa karate hue isakI racanA kI hai|" ___ "jo vidvAn muni ArogyazAstra ko bhalIbhAMti jAnakara usake anusAra AhAravihAra karate hue svAsthya-rakSA karate haiM, vaha siddhasukha ko prApta karatA hai| isake viparIta jo Arogya kI rakSA na karate hue apane doSoM se utpanna rogoM dvArA zarIra ko pIr3A pahuMcAte hue, apane aneka prakAra ke duSpariNAmoM ke bheda se karma se baMdha jAtA hai|" "buddhimAn vyakti dRr3ha mana vAlA hone para bhI yadi rogI ho vaha na dharma kara sakatA hai, na dhana kamA sakatA hai aura na mokSasAdhana kara sakatA hai| ina puruSArthoM kI prApti na hone se vaha manuSya kahalAne yogya nahIM raha jaataa|" "isa prakAra ugrAdityAcArya dvArA praNIta yaha zAstra karmoM ke marmabhedana karane ke [ 62 ]

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lie zastra ke samAna hai| saba kAmoM meM nipuNa loga ise jAnakara (arthAt isa zAstra meM pravINa hokara aura isake anusAra AcaraNa-ArogyasampAdana kara) dharma-artha, kAma aura mokSa ina cAroM puruSArthoM ko prApta karate haiM / / " graMthArambha meM ugrAditya ne likhA hai "maharSi loga svAdhyAya ko hI tapasyA kA mUla mAnate haiN| ata: vaidyoM ke prati vAtsalyabhAva se graMtha racanA karane ko maiM pradhAna tapazcaraNa mAnatA huuN| ata: maiMne svapara-kalyANakArI tapazcaraNa hI yatnapUrvaka prAraMbha kiyA hai|" graMtha kA pratipAdyaviSaya jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI vANI ko viSayAnusAra bAMTakara unake bAraha vibhAga kiye gaye haiM / inheM Agama ke dvAdaza aMga kahate haiN| inameM bArahavAM 'dRSTivAda' nAmaka aMga hai, usake 5 bhedoM meM eka bheda 'pUrva' yA 'pUrvagata' kahalAtA hai| pUrva ke bhI 14 bheda haiN| inameM 'prANAvAya' nAmaka eka bheda hai / isa meM vistArapUrvaka aSTAMga Ayurveda arthAt cikitsA aura zArIrazAstra kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| yahI isa graMtha kA mUla yA pratipAdya viSaya hai| rAmagiri meM zrInaMdi se 'prANAvAya' kA adhyayanakara ugrAditya ne isa grantha kI racanA kI thii| prANAvAya kA saMpUrNa mUla prAcInatama sAhitya ardhamAgadhI bhASA meM nirmita huA thA / dhyAna rahe ki jaina paramparA kA samagra Agama-sAhitya mahAvIra kI mUla-bhASA ardhamAgadhI meM hI racA gayA thA / hara prakAra se sukhakara isa zAstra prANAvAya ke usa vistRta vivecana ko yathAvat saMkSepa rUpa meM saMskRta bhASA meM ugrAditya ne isa grantha meM 1 (a) ka. kA, pa. 20, zloka 88-91 na cAtmayazase vinodananimittato vApi satkavitvanijagavato na ca janAnurAgAzayAtkRtaM prathitazAstrametadurujainasiddhAntamityahanizamanusarAmyakhilakarmanirmUlanam / / 88 / / prArogyazAstramadhigamya munivipazcit svAsthyaM sa sAdhayati siddhasukhaikahetum / anyassvadoSakRtaroganipIDitAMgo baMdhnAti karma nijaduSpariNAmabhedAt / / 89 / / na dharmasya kartA na cArthasya hartA na kAmasya bhoktA na mokSasya paataa| naro buddhimAn dhIrasattvo'pi rogI yatastadvinAzAdbhavennaiva martyaH / / 90 / / ityugrAdityAcAryavaryapraNItaM zAstraM zastraM karmaNAM marmabhedI / jJAtvA mayassarvakarmapravINaiH labhyataike dharmakAmArthamokSAH / / 91 / / (A) ka. kA. 1/11-12 3 ka. kA. 1/13 svAdhyAyamAhurapare tapasAM hi mUlaM manye ca vaidyavaraktsalatApradhAnam / tasmAttapazcaraNameva mayA prayatnAdArabhyate svaparasaukhyavidhAyi samyak / / [ 63 ]

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varNita kiyA hai| ardhamAgadhI bhASA unake samaya taka saMbhavataH kucha apracalita ho cukI thii| dezabhara meM sarvatra saMskRta kI mAnyatA aura pracalana thA / ata: ugrAditya dvArA apane grantha ko sarvaloka bhogya aura sammAnya banane hetu isakI saMskRta meM racanA karanI pdd'ii| svayaM granthakAra kI prazasti ke AdhAra para-"yaha kalyANakAraka nAmaka graMtha aneka alaMkAroM se yukta hai, sundara zabdoM se grathita hai, sunane meM sukhakara hai, apane hita kI kAmanA karane vAloM kI prArthanA para nirmita hai, prANiyoM ke prANa, Ayu, sattva, vIrya, bala ko utpanna karane vAlA aura svAsthya kA kAraNabhUta hai| "pUrva ke gaNadharAdi dvArA pratipAdita 'prANAvAya' ke mahAn zAstra rUpI nidhi se udbhUta hai|" acchI yuktiyoM yA vicAroM se yukta hai| jinendra bhagavAn tirthaMkara) dvArA pratipAdita hai| aise zAstra ko prApta kara manuSya sukha prApta karatA hai|" "jinendra dvArA kahA huA yaha zAstra vibhinna chaMdoM (vRttoM) meM racita pramANa, naya aura nikSeoM kA vicAra kara sArthaka rUpa se "do hajAra pAMcaso terAsI chaMdoM" meM racA gayA hai aura jaba taka sUrya, caMdra aura tAre maujUda haiM taba taka prANiyoM ke lie sukhasAdhaka banA rhegaa|" _ 'prANAvAya' kA pratipAdaka hone kA pramANa dete hue ugrAditya ne kalyANakAraka meM pratyeka pariccheda ke aMta meM likhA hai "jisa meM sampUrNa dravya, tatva va padArtharUpI taraMga uTha rahe haiM, jisake ihaloka-paraloka ke lie prayojana- bhUta arthAt sAdhanarUpI do sundara taTa haiM, aise jinendra ke mukha se bAhara nikale hue zAstrarUpI sAgara kI eka bUda ke samAna yaha zAstra ( graMtha ; hai| yaha jagat 1 ka. kA. pa. 25154 sarvArdhAdhikamAgadhIyavilasadbhASAvizeSojjvalAt / prAraNAvAyamahAgamAdavitathaM saMgRhya saMkSepataH / / ugrAdityagururgururguruguNarudrAsi saukhyAspadaM / zAstraM saMskRtabhASayA racitavAnityeSa bhedastayoH / / - 2 ka. kA. 25155-56 sAlaMkAraM suzabdaM zravaNasukhamatha prAthitaM svArthavidbhiH / prANAyussattvavIryaprakaTabalakara prANinAM svastha hetum / / nidhyuddha taM vicArakSamamiti kuzalAH zAstrametadyayAvat / kalyANAkhyaM jineMdra viracitamadhigamyAzu saukhyaM labhate / / 54 / / avyardhadvisahasrakairapi tathAzItitrayarasauttaraivatarasaMvAritarihAdhika mhaavRttaijineNdroditH| proktaM zAstramidaM pramANanayanikSepaivicAryArthavajjIyAcca dravicadratArakamalaM saukhyAspada prANinAm / / 56 / / | 64 ]

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kA eka mAtra hitasAdhaka hai (ataH isakA nAma 'kalyANakAraka' hai)|" zAstra kI paramparA 'kalyANakAraka' ke prAraMbhika bhAga (prathama pariccheda ke AraMbha ke dasa padyoM meM). AcArya ugrAditya ne martyaloka ke lie jinendra ke mukha se Ayurveda (prANAvAya) ke prakaTita hone kA kathAnaka isa prakAra diyA hai - bhagavAn RSabhadeva prathama tIrthakara the| unake samavasaraNa meM bharata cakravartI Adi ne pahuMca kara logoM ke rogoM ko dUra karane aura svAsthyarakSaNa kA upAya puuchaa| taba pramukha gaNadharoM ko upadeza dete hue bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke mukha se sarasa zAradAdevI bAhara prakaTita huii| unakI vANI meM pahale puruSa, roga, auSadha aura kAla-isa prakAra saMpUrNa Ayurveda zAstra ke cAra bheda batAte hue ina vastucatuSTayoM ke lakSaNa, bheda, prabheda Adi saba bAtoM ko batAyA gyaa| ina saba tattvoM ko sAkSAt rUpa se 'gaNadhara' ne smjhaa| gaNadharoM dvArA pratipAdita zAstra ko nirmala, mati, zruti, avadhi va manaHparyaya jJAna ko dhAraNa karane vAle yogiyoM ne jaanaa| isa prakAra yaha saMpUrNa AyurvedazAstra RSabhanAtha tIrthaMkara ke bAda mahAvIra paryanta tIrthaMkaroM taka calA aayaa| yaha atyanta vistRta hai, doSarahita hai, gaMbhIra vastuvivecana se mukta hai| tIrthaMkaroM ke mukha se nikalA huA yaha jJAna 'svayaMbhU' hai aura anAdikAla se calA Ane ke kAraNa 'sanAtana' hai| govardhana bhadrabAhu Adi zrutakevaliyoM ke mukha se alpAMma jJAnI yA aMgAMmajJAnIcAra muniyoM dvArA sAkSAt sunA humA hai| arthAt zrutakevaliyoM ne anya muniyoM ko isaM jJAna ko diyA thaa|" 1 ka. kA. pratyeka pariccheda ke aMta meM "iti jinavaktranirgatasuzAstramahAMbunidheH / sakalapadArthavistRtataraMgakulAkulataH / / ubhybhvaarthsaadhntttybhaasurto| nisRtamidaM hi zIkaranibhaM jagadekahitam / / ".. (mA) "pragbhASitaM jinavararadhunA munIMdrogrAdityapaNDitamahAgurubhiH praNItam // (ka. kA. 25/53) ka kA pa. 1/1-10 zAstraparamparAgamanakrama - divyadhvaniprakaTitaM paramArthajAtaM sAkSAttathA gaNadharo'dhijage smstm| / pazcAt gaNAdhipanirUpitavAkprapaMcamaSTArdhanirmaladhiyo munayo'dhijagmuH / / 1 / / evaM jinAMtaranibaMdhanasiddhamArgAdAyAtamAyAtamanAkulamarthamADham / svAyaMbhuvaM sakalameva sanAtanaM tava sAkSAccha taM zrutavalaH zrutakevalibhyaH / / 10 / [ 65.]

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FAS - isa prakAra prANAvAya (Ayurveda) saMbaMdhI jJAna mUlataH tIrthaMkaroM dvArA pratipAdita hai, ataH yaha 'Agama' hai| unase ise gaNadhara, pratigaNadharoM ne ; unase zrutake valI; aura unase bAda meM hone vAle anya muniyoM ne kramazaH prApta kiyaa| - isa taraha paraMparA se cale A rahe isa zAstra kI sAmagrI ko guru zrInadi se sIkhakara ugrAditya ne 'kalyANakAraka' grantha kI racanA kii| ataH kalyANakAraka paramparAgata jJAna ke AdhAra racita zAstra hai| kalyANakAraka ke AdhArabhUta jaina-Ayurveda graMtha - . kalyANakAraka' kI racanA se pUrva jina jaina AyurvedajJoM ne granthoM kA praNayana kiyA thA, unakA ullekha ugrAditya ne nimna paMktiyoM meM kiyA hai"zAlAkyaM pUjyapAdaprakaTitamadhikaM zalyataMtra ca pAtrasvAmitroktaM viSogragrahazamanavidhiH _ siddhasenaH prasiddhaH / kArya yA sA cikitsA dazarathaMgurubhirmeghanAdaH zizUnAM vaidyaM vRSyaM ca divyAmRtamapi ____ kathitaM siMhanAdamunIMdraiH / / (ka. kA. 20185) Ayurveda ke bhATha aMga haiN| ATha aMgoM para pRthak-pRthak jaina Ayurveda graMtha race gaye hai| ina granthoM ke nAma va unake praNetA ke nAma nimnAnusAra haiM - ( zAlAkyataMtra pUjyapAda 12) zalyataMtra pAtrasvAmi (3) viSa aura ugragrahazamanavidhi siddhasena (amadataMtra aura bhUtavidyA para) (4) kAyacikitsA dazarathaguru (5) zizucikitsA (kaumArabhRtya) medhanAda (6) divyAmRta (rasAyana) aura vRSya (vAjIkaraNa) siMhanAda (pAThAMtara-siMhasena) inake atirikta samaMtabhadrAcArya ne ina AThoM aMgoM kA eka sAtha pUrNarUpa se vistAra. pUrvaka pratipAdana karane vAle vaidyaka graMtha kI racanA kI thii| usI ke AdhAra para ugrA- . ditya ne saMkSepa meM varNana karate hue 'kalyANakAraka' nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI thI ka. kA., 21/3 ... sthAnaM rAmagirigirIdvasadRzaH sarvArthasivipradaH zrInaviprabhavo'khilAgamaviSiH zikSApradaH sarvadA / / prANAvAyanirupitArthamakhilaM sarvajJasaMbhASitaM / sAmagrIgussatA hi siddhimadhunA zAstraM svayaM nAnyathA / / [ 66 ]

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aSTAMgamadhyakhilamatra samaMtabhadraH proktaM savistaravacovibhavaivizeSAt / saMkSepato nigaditaM tadihAtmazaktyA kalyANakArakamazeSapadArthayuktam / / (ka. kA., pa. 10/86) isa zAstra (prANAvAya) kA adhyayana ugrAditya ne zrInaMdi se kiyA thaa| ve usa kAla ke prANAvAya ke mahAn AcArya the| granthagata vizeSatAeM - prANAvAya-paramparA kA ullekha karane vAlA yaha eka mAtra grantha upalabdha hai| saMbhavata: isake pUrva aura pazcAt kA etadviSayaka sAhitya kAlakavalita ho cukA hai| isameM 'prANAvAya' kI digambara-sammat paramparA dI gaI haiN| apane pUrvAcAryoM ke rUpa meM tathA jina granthoM ko AdhAra-bhUna svIkAra kiyA gayA hai unake praNetAoM ke rUpa meM ugrAditya ne jina muniyoM aura AcAryoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, ve sabhI digambara-paraMparA ke haiN| ataH yaha nizcita rUpa se kaha sakanA saMbhava nahIM ki isa saMbaMdha meM zvetAMbara--paramparA aura usake AcArya kauna the| phira bhI graMtha kI prAcInatA (8vIM zatI meM nirmANa honA) aura racanAzailI va viSayavastu ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue kalyANakAraka kA mahatva bahuta bar3ha jAtA hai| isa grantha ke adhyayana se jo vizeSatAeM dRSTigocara hotI haiM, ve nimna haiM1. graMtha ke upakrama bhAga meM Ayurveda ke avataraNa-martyaloka kI paramparA kA jo nirUpaNa : kiyA gayA hai, vaha sarvathA navIna hai| isa prakAra ke avataraNa saMbaMdhI kathAnaka Ayurveda ke anya pracalita evaM ArSa zAstragrathoM- jaise carakasaMhitA, suzrutasaMhitA, * kAzyapasahitA, aSTAMgasaMgraha Adi meM prApta nahIM hote| kalyANakAraka kA varNana 'prANAvAya' paramparA kA sUcaka hai / arthAt 'prANAvAya' saMjJaka-Agama kA avataraNa tIrthaMkaroM kI vANI meM hokara jana-sAmAnya taka pahuMcA-isa aitihAsika paramparA kA isameM varNana hai| . caraka Adi graMthoM meM Ayurveda ke avataraNa kA jo nirUpaNa hai, usakA Rma isa . DR prakAra hai dakSaprajApati azvinIkumAra-dvaya indra RSi-muni-gaNa - Ayurveda ina graMthoM meM Ayurveda ko vaidika Astika-zAstra mAnA gayA hai| ataH isakA udbhava anya vaidika Astika zAstroM (kAmazAstra, nATyazAstra Adi) kI bhAMti brahmA se svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| vastutaH brahmA vaidikajJAna kA sUcaka pratIka hai| [ 67 ]

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'prANAkAya' paramparA meM jJAna kA mUla tIrthaMkaroM kI vANI ko mAnA gayA hai| yaha paramparA isa prakAra calatI hai tIrthaMkaroM kI vANI (bhAgamA gaNadhara aura pratimaNadhara zrutakevalI bAda meM RSi-muni isa prakAra Ayurveda kI mAnya paramparA aura prANAvAya-paramparA meM yaha aMtara hai / (2) kalyANakAraka meM kahIM para bhI cikitsA meM madya, mAMsa aura madhu kA prayoga nahIM batAyA gayA hai / jaina-matAnusAra ye tInoM vastueM asevya haiM / mAMsa aura madhu ke prayoga meM khIva-hiMsA kA vicAra bhI kiyA jAtA hai| madya jIvana ke lie azucikara, mAdaka aura azobhanIya mAnA jAtA hai| Asava- ariSTa kA prayoga to kalyANakAraka meM AtA hai, jaise-prameharogAdhikAra meM AmalakAriSTa Adi / _Ayurveda ke prAcIna saMhitAgranthoM meM madya, mAMsa aura madhu kA bharapUra vyavahAra kiyA gayA hai| caraka Adi meM mAMsa aura mAMsarasa se saMbaMdhita aneka cikitsAprayoga diye gaye haiN| . madya ko agnidIptikara aura AzuprabhAvazAlI mAnate hura aneka rogoM meM isakA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| rAjayakSmA jaise rogoM meM to mAMsa aura madya kI vipulaguNakAritA svIkAra kI gaI hai| madhu anupAna aura sahapAna ke rUpa meM aneka auSadhiyoM ke sAtha prayukta hotA hai tathA madhUdaka, madhvAsava nAdi kA pAnArtha vyavahAra varNita hai / . (3) cikitsA meM vAnaspatika aura khanija dravyoM ke prayoga varNita haiN| vAnaspatika dravyoM se nirmita svarasa, kvAtha, kalka, cUrNa, vaTI, Asava-ariSTa, ghRta aura tela kI kalpanAeM dI gaI haiN| kSAra nirmANa aura kSAra kA sthAnIya aura AbhyaMtara prayoga bhI batAyA gayA hai| agnikarma, sirAvedha aura jalaukAvacAraNa kA vidhAna bhI diyA gayA hai / aneka prakAra ke khanija dravyoM kA auSadhIya prayoga kalyANakAraka meM milatA hai| (4) yadi isa grantha kA racanAkAla 8vIM zatI sahI hai, to yaha nizcita rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki rasa (pArada) aura rasakarma (pArada kA mUrchana, mAraNa aura baMdha, isa prakAra trividhakarma, rasasaMskAra, rasa-prayoga) kA prAcInatama prAmANika ullekha hameM isa graMtha meM prApta hotA hai| isa para eka svataMtra adhyAya grantha ke 'uttarataMtra' meM 24vAM pariccheda 'rasarasAyanavidhyadhikAra' ke nAma se diyA gayA hai| kula 56 padyoM meM pArada saMbaMdhI 'rasazAstrIya' saba vidhAna varNita haiN| (5) jaina siddhAMta kA anusaraNa karate hue kalyANakAraka meM saba rogoM kA kAraNa pUrNakRta 'karma mAnA gayA hai| [ 68 ]

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sahetukAssanavikArajAtAsteSAM viveko guNamukhyabhedAt / hetuH punaH pUrNakRtaM svakarma tataH paratasya vizeSaNAni // 11 // svabhAvakAlagrahakarmadaivavidhAtRpuNyezvarabhAgyapApam / . vidhiH kRtAMto niyatirgamazca purAkRtasyaiva vizeSasaMjJA / / 12 / / na bhUtakopAnna ca doSakopAnna caiva sAMvatsarikopariSTAt / / grahaprakopAtprabhavaMti rogAH karmodayodIraNabhAvataste // 13 // ___(ka. kA., pa. 7/11-13) .arthAt 'zarIra meM saba roga hetu ke binA nahIM hote| una hetuoM meM gauNa aura mukhya bheda se jAnane kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| rogoM kA mukhya hetu pUrNakRta karma hai| zeSa saba unake vizeSeNa arthAt nimitta kAraNa haiM yA gauNa haiN|' . 'svabhAva, kAla, graha, karma, deva, vidhAtA, puNya, Izvara, bhAgya, pApa, vidhi, kRtAMta, niyati, yama-ye saba pUrNakRta karma ke hI vizeSa nAma haiN|' - 'na pRthvI Adi mahAbhUtoM ke kopa se, na doSoM ke kopa se, na varSaphala ke kharAba hone se aura na grahoM (zani, rAhu mAdi) ke kopa se-roga utpanna hote haiN| apitu, karma ke udaya aura udIraNa se hI roga utpanna hote haiN|' phira 'cikitsA' kyA hai ? aura usakA prayojana kyA hai ? ina praznoM kA bhI AcArya ugrAditya ne roganidAnAnurUpa hI uttara prastuta kiyA hai| 'karma kI upazamana kriyA ko cikitsA yA rogazAMti kahate haiN|' 'tasmAtsvakarmopakSamakriyAyAH . - vyAdhiprazAMti pravadaMti tajjJAH // ' (ka. kA., 7/14) apane karma kA pAka do prakAra se hotA hai - 1 samaya para svayaM pakanA, 2, upAya dvArA pakanA / inakI sundara vivecanA AcArya ne kI hai svakarmapAko dvividho yathAvadupAyakAlakramabhedabhinnaH / / 1411.. upAyapAko varaghoravIratapaHprakAressuvizuddhamAmaH / sadyaH phalaM yacchati kAlapAkaH kAlAMtarAdyaH svayameva dadyAt / / 15 / / yathA tarUNAM phalapAkayogo matipragalbhaH puruvidheyaH / tathA cikitsA-pravibhAgakAle doSaprakopo dvividhaH prasiddhaH // 16 // . AmaghnasabheSajasaMprayogAdupAyapAka pravadaMti tajjJAH / kAlAMtarAtkAlavipAkamAhurmU gadvijAnAthajaneSu dRSTam / / 171 (1) upAyapAka - zreSTha, ghora, vIra tapasyAdi vizuddha upAyoM se karma kA jabarana udaya karAnA (udayakAla na hone para bhI) jisase vaha. tatkAla phala detA hai| ise-'udayapAka' kahate haiN| . ... [ 69 ]

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12) kAlapAka-kAlAMtara meM yathAsamaya jo pakakara svayaM udaya meM Akara phala detA hai, vaha 'kAlapAka' hai| jisa prakAra vRkSa ke phala svayaM pakate haiM aura buddhimAna vyaktiyoM dvArA pakAye bhI jAte haiN| usI prakAra doSoM kA pAka bhI 'upAya (cikitsA) aura kAlakrama' se- do prakAra se pakva hotA hai| doSa yA roga ke Amattva ko auSadhiyoM dvArA pakAnA 'upAya'pAka' kahalAtA haiM aura kAlAMtara meM (apane pAkakAla meM) svayaM hI (binA kisI auSadha ke)-pakanA 'kAlapAka' kahalAtA hai| isalie likhA hai-'jIva : AtmA) apane karma se prApta hone vAle pApapuNya rUpI phala ko binA prayatna ke avazya hI prApta karatA hai| . pApa aura puNya ke kAraNa hI doSoM kA prakroma aura upazama hotA hai| kyoMki ye donoM hI mukhya karma haiN| arthAt roga ke prati doSaprakopa va doSazamana gauNa (nimitta) kAraNa haiN| jIvassvakarmAjitapuNyapApaphalaM prayatnena vinApi bhukte / doSaprakopopazamau ca tAbhyAmudAhRtau hetunibaMdhanau tau // (ka. kA., 7/1.0) (6) kalyANakAraka meM zArIraviSayaka varNana vistAra se nahIM milatA, kintu 20veM pariccheda meM bhojana ke bAraha bheda, daza auSadhakAla, snehamAka Adi, riSToM kA varNana karane ke sAtha zarIra ke marmoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| (7) isa zAstra (prANAvAya yA Ayurveda) ke do prayojana batAye gae hai-svastha kA svAsthyarakSaNa aura rogI kA rogamokSaNa / ina sabako saMkSepa se isa graMtha meM kahA gayA hai 'lokopakArakaraNArthamidaM hi zAstraM zAstraprayojanamapi dvividhaM yathAvat / / / svAsthasya rakSaNamathAmayamokSaNaM ca saMkSepataH sakalamevanirupyate'tra // . (ka. kA., 1/24) cikitsA ke AdhAra jIva haiN| inameM bhI manuSya sarvazreSTha jIva haiM / 'siddhAMtataH prathitajIvasamAsabhede paryAptasaMjivarapaMcavidhendriyeSu / tatrApi dharmaniratA manujA pradhAnAH kSetre ca dharmabahule paramArthajAtAH / / - (ka. kA., 1/26) jainasiddhAMtAnusAra jIva ke 14 bheda haiM 1 ekeMdriya sUkSma paryApta, 2 ekeMdriyasUkSma aparyApta, . 3 ekendriya bAdara paryApta, 4 ekeMdriya bAdara aparyAtta, 5 dvIndriya paryApta, 6 dvIndriya aparyApta, 7 zrIndriyaparyApta, 8 trIndriya aparyApta, 9 caturIndriya paryApta, 10 caturindriya aparyApta, 11 paMcendriya asaMjJI paryApta, 12 paMcendriya asaMjJI aparyApta, 13 paMcendriya saMjJI paryApta, 14 paMcendriya saMjJI aparyApta / (1) jisako bAhAra, zarIra, indriya, zvAsocchvAsa, bhASA va mana-ina 6 paryAptiyoM meM yathAsaMbhava pUrNa prApta hue hoM unheM 'paryAptajIva' kahate haiM / jinheM ve pUrNa prApta na hue [ 70 ]

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- hoM unheM 'aparyApta jIva' kahate haiN| aparyAptajIvoM kI apekSA paryAptajIva zreSTha haiN| 12) jinako hita-ahita, yogya-ayogya, guNa-doSa Adi kA jJAna hotA 'sajI' kahate haiM, isake viparIta 'asaMjJI' haiN| asaMjJiyoM se saMjJI zreSTha haiN| .. paMcendriya saMjJI jIvoM meM manuSya zreSTha hai| unameM bhI dharmAcaraNa karane vAle manuSya pradhAna haiM, kyoMki unhoMne dharmamaya kSetra (zarIra) meM janma liyA hai| (3) graMtha-yojanA bhI vaiziSTyapUrNa hai| saMpUrNa grantha ke mukhya do bhAga mUlagrantha ( se 20 pariccheda) aura uttarataMtra (21 se 25 pricched)| 'prAMNAvAya' (Ayurveda) saMbaMdhI sArA viSaya mUlagraMtha meM pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| mUlagrantha bhI spaSTatayA do bhAgoM meM baMTA huA hai-svAsthyaparaka, rogacikitsAparaka / . . prathama pariccheda meM Ayurveda (prANAvAya: ke avataraNa kI aitihAsika paramparA batAyI gayI hai aura grantha ke prayojana ko likhA gayA hai / * dvitIya pariccheda se chaThe pariccheda taka svAsthyarakSaNopAya vaNita haiN| svAsthya do prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai| pAramArthika svAsthya (AtmA ke saMpUrNa karmoM ke kSaya se utpanna pAtyaMtika-nitya atIndriya mokSarUpI sukha), 2 vyavahAra svAsthya (agni va dhAtu kI samatA, doSavibhrama na honA, malamUtra kA ThIka se visarjana, AtmA-mana-indriyoM kI prsnntaa)|1 chaThe pariccheda meM dinacaryA, rAtricaryA, RtucaryA, vAjIkaraNa aura rasAyana viSayoM kA varNana hai, kyoMki ye sabhI svAsthyarakSaNa ke AdhAra haiN| sAtaveM pariccheda meM roga aura cikitsA kI sAmAnya bAteM, nidAna paddhati kA varNana hai| - AThaveM se aThArahaveM taka vibhinna rogoM ke nidAna-cikitsA kA varNana hai| rogoM ke moTe taura para do varga kie gae haiM-1 mahAmaya. 2 kSudrAmaya / mahAmaya mATha.prakAra ke haiM-prameha, kuSTha, udararoga, vAtavyAdhi, mUDhagarbha, azmarI aura bhagaMdara / zeSa saba roga kSudrarogoM kI zreNi meM Ate haiM / kSudraroga ke antargata hI bhUtavidyA saMbaMdhI viSaya--- bAlagraha aura bhUtoM kA varNana hai| unnIsaveM pariccheda meM viSaroga- agadataMtra saMbaMdhI viSaya diye gae haiN| madya ko viSa varga meM hI mAnA gayA hai| antima bIsaveM pariccheda meM saptadhAtUtpatti, rogakAraNa aura adhiSThAna, sATha prakAra ke upakrama va caturvidhakarma, bhojana ke bAraha bheda, daza auSadhakAla, snehapAkAdi kI vidhi, riSTa-varNana, marmavarNana hai| uttarataMtra meM kSArakarma, agnikarma, jalaukAcacAraNa, zastrakarma, zirAvyadha, snehanAdi karmoM ke yathAvat na karane se utpanna ApattiyoM kI cikitsA,uttarabasti, garbhAdAna,prasava, sUtikopacAra, dhUmrapAna, kavala gaMDUSa. nasya, zotha-varNana, palitanAzana, kezakRSNIkaraNa upAya, rasavidhi, vividha kalpaprayoga haiN| aMta meM do pariziSTAdhyAya haiM / ---- 1 ka. kA. 2/3-4 ---- [ 1]

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pradhyAya-4 jaina Ayurveda ke vidvAn, graMthakAra aura unake graMtha 'pAdaliptasUri ( prathama dvitIya zatI) kahA jAtA hai ki inake janma kA nAma nagendra, pitA kA nAma phulla aura mAtA kA nAma pratimA thaa| sAdhu vanane para ye pAdalipta kahalAye / 'prabhAvakacarita' ke anusAra inakA janma ayodhyA ke vijayabrahma rAjA ke kAla meM ekaM zreSThikula meM huA thA / ATha varSa kI Ayu meM vidyAdharagaccha ke aAcArya Arya nAgahastI se inhoMne dIkSA aura dasaveM varSa meM paTTa para baitthe| ye mathurA meM rahate the / inakA kAla vi. saM. 151-219 (94-162 I.) mAnA jAtA hai| 'vizeSAvazyaka bhASya' aura 'nizIthacUrNI' meM bhI inakA ullekha milane se inakA kAla paryApta prAcIna jJAta hotA haiM / 1 inakA jIvanavRtta, prabhAvakacaritra, prabaMdhakoSa aura prabaMdhacitAmaNi meM vistAra se milatA hai / udyotanakRta 'kuvalayamAlA' meM likhA hai ki pratiSThAna (paiThaNa) ke sAtavAhana rAjA hAla kI sabhA meM pAdalipta ratnahAra ke samAna suzobhita hue the - 'NimmalamaNeNa guNagaruyaeNaM paramattharayaNasAreNa / pAlittaeNa hAlo hAreNa ca sahai goTThI // ( kuvalayamAlA - prAraMbha ) - 'hAla' dvArA saMkalita 'gAthAsaptazatI' (gAhA sattasaI) meM kucha gAthAeM pAdalipta ( prAkRta meM 'pAlita' ) dvArA racita mAnI gayI haiM / 'vRhatkathA' kA prayoga kavi 'guNADhya' bhI inakA samakAlIna thA / taraMgavatI, jyotiSakaraMDaka prakIrNaka, nirvANakAlikA aura praznaprakAza - pAdalipta ke grantha haiM 1 AgamoM kI cUNiyoM se inake 'kAlajJAna' nAmaka grantha kI racanA kA patA calatA hai / pAdaliptasUri siddhavidyA' aura rasAyana -karma meM nipuNa the / prasiddha hai ki pAdalipta ko guru se eka aise lepa kA jJAna milA thA jise pairoM para lagAne se AkAza meM gamana karane kI adabhuta zakti prApta hotI thI / isI kAraNa inakA nAma 'pAdalipta' par3A / "AcArya pAdaliptasUri ne 'gAhAjualeNa' se zurU hone vAle 'vIrathama' kI racanA kI hai aura usameM suvarNasiddhi tathA 'vyomasiddhi' (AkAzagAminIvidyA) kA vivaraNa gupta rIti se diyA hai| yaha stava prakAzita hai| 117 1 DA. nemicaMdra zAstrI, prAkRta bhASA aura sAhitya kA AlocanAtmaka itihAsa, pR.451 2 jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa, bhAga 5, pR. 206 [ 72 )

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jaina-paramparA meM siddha-vidyA, yoga aura rasAyanavidyA atyaMta prAcInakAla se pracalita rahI hai| 'siddhapAhuDa' (siddhaprAbhRta) nAmaka kisI prAcIna grantha meM aMjana, pAdalepa, guTikA Adi kA varNana thaa| yaha grantha aba nahIM milatA / 'kaMkAlayarasAdhyAya' meM bhI rasakarma, guTikA aura prajana ke 25 2 prakAra mAne gaye haiN| inase siddhiyAM (saphalatAeM) aura camatkAroM kI zakti prApta hotI thii| ina siddhiyoM ke bAre meM aneka udAharaNa milate haiN| pAdaliptasUri aura unake ziSya nAgArjuna pAdalepa karake AkAzagamana karate the| Arya susthitasUri ke do kSullaka ziSya netroM meM aMjana lagAkara adRzya hokara durbhikSa ke samaya caMdragupta maurya rAjA ke sAtha baiThakara bhojana karate the / Arya samitasUri ne yogacUrNa se nadI ke pravAha ko rokakara brahmadvIpa ke pAMca sau tApasoM ko pratibodha diyA thaa| 'samarAiccakahA' (bhaya 6) meM kathAnaka AtA hai ki caMDarudra' 'paradiThimohiNI' nAmaka coguTikA ko pAnI meM ghisa kara AMkhoM meM aMjana lagAtA thA, jisase lakSmI adRzya ho jAtI thii| saMbhava hai pAdaliptasUri ko aisA hI pAdalepa kA koI siddha yoga prApta ho, jisase vaha AkAza meM vicara sakate the| pAdalipta ne pATaliputra ke rAjA muruNDa kI dIrghakAlIna zirovedanA ko ghuTanoM para aMgulI ghumAkara zAMta kara dI thii| isa prasaMga kI gAthA 'vedanAzAmaka maMtra' ke rUpa meM prasiddha ho gyii| isa rAjA kI sabhA meM pAdaliptasUri ke buddhicAturya ke aneka prasaMga milate haiM / rAjA muruNDa kaniSka kA sUbedAra thA / pAlalipta ke eka ziSya AcArya skandila the / prasiddha rasAyanajJa nAgArjuna bhI inake ziSya the| pAdalipta kI sevA karake unhoMne siddha-vidyA evaM rasAyana meM nipuNatA prApta kI thii| ve bhI pAdalipta ke samAna pAdalepa dvArA AkAza-vicaraNa karate the| unhoMne guru ke sammAna meM zatrujaya parvata kI talahaTI meM 'pAdaliptanagara'- pAlitrAyaNa (vartamAna pAlItANA) nagara basAyA thaa| pAdalipta dvArA viracita kisI vaidyaka yA rasAyana ke grantha kA patA nahIM calatA hai| rasAyana-siddhi se pAdalipta ne dIrgha Ayu prApta kI thii| __nAgArjuna (jaina siddha nAgArjuna, dUsarI evaM tIsarI zatI) prasiddha bauddha dArzanika nAgArjuna (prathama zatI I.) evaM siddha nAgArjuna (sAtavIM zatI) ke atirikta jaina paramparA meM bhI nAgArjuna hue haiN| bauddha dArzanika nAgArjuna azvaghoSa aura kuSANa-samrATa kaniSka ke samakAlIna the aura inhoMne kazmIra ke kuDalavana 1 vIrazAsana ke prabhAvaka prAcArya, pR. 22-23 -- ----- . ja. sA. bu., iti., bhAga 5, pR. 206 [ 73 1

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meM huI caturtha bauddha pratiSThita huA / batAyA jAtA hai | ( zrIzaila ) yA barAr3a ke nivAsI the / jaina paramparA meM jisa nAgArjuna kA varNana prApta hotA hai vaha pAdalisUri ke ziSya the / isako bhI 'siddhanAgArjuna' ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai, kyoMki inhoMne taMtra-maMtra aura rasavidyA meM siddhiyAM prApta kI thIM / inake jIvanavRtta para ina jaina graMthoM meM vivaraNa prApta hotA hai - 'prabhAvakacaritra, vividhatIrthakalpa, prabandhakoSa prabandhacitAmaNi, 'purAtana prabandha saMgraha' aura piNDavizuddhi kI TIkAeM / ina granthoM ke vivaraNoM se jJAta hotA hai ki nAgArjuna 'saurASTra' prAMta ke antargata 'DhaMkagiri' ke nivAsI aura AcArya ' pAdaliptasUri ke ziSya the / pAdaliptasUri kA kAla yadyapi IsavIya pahalI zatI hai, tathApi unhoMne dIrgha Ayu prApta kI thI- aisA ullekha milatA hai / ata: dUsarI aura tIsarI zatI meM unake ziSya nAgArjuna hueaisA mAnane meM koI Apatti pratIta nahIM hotI / astu, nAgArjuna pAdaliptasUri ke ziSya hone kI bAta atyanta prasiddha hai, ise dRSTi- tirohita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / pAdaliptasUra rasAyana, maMtra-taMtra aura vAnaspatika jJAna meM nipuNa the / ve pAdalepa karake AkAzagamana karate the| yaha siddhi nAgArjuna ne bhI unase prApta kI thii| pAdaliptasUri ko 'pratiSThAnapura ' ( vartamAna auraMgAbAda jile meM paiThana, mahArASTra ) ke sAtavAhana rAjA hAla kI sabhA meM sammAna prApta huA thA / nAgArjuna kA bhI kisI 'sAtavAhana rAjA' se saMbaMdha aura usa para viziSTa prabhAva sUcita hotA hai / pAdalipta ne pATaliputra ke muruNDa rAjA kI mastakapIr3A ko maMtra-zakti se ThIka kiyA aura vaha pratiSThAnapura ( paiThana ) meM Akara rahane lagA / saMgIti kA netRtva kiyA thaa| inake samaya meM mahAyAna - mata siddha nAgArjuna nAlaMdA se saMbaMdhita the, aura inako sarahapA kA ziya inakA ullekha caurAsI siddhoM meM milatA hai / ye mUlataH dakSiNa jaina sAhitya meM aitihAsika graMthoM ke rUpa maiM - meruturaMga praNIta 'prabaMdhacitAmaNi' (1306 I.) aura usake anukaraNa para likhe rAjazekhara kRta 'prabaMdhakoza' ( 1349 I.) kA sthAna mahatvapUrNa hai / ina granthoM meM jaina AcAryoM, saMtoM aura mahApuruSoM ke jIvanavRtta aura unase saMbaMdhita AkhyAna saMkalita haiM / 'prabaMdha citAmaNi' ke 'nAgAjurnotpatti-stambhanakatIrthAvatAra prabaMdha' meM nAgArjuna ke saMbaMdha meM batAyA gayA hai - ' DhaMka' ke rAjA 'raNasiMha' kI 'bhUpAla' nAmaka putrI thI / vaha rUpavAn nAgabAlA thI / usa para 'vAsuki ' mohita ho gayA / taba unase 'nAgArjuna' nAmaka putra kA janma huA / aneka prakAra kI auSadhiyoM ke prabhAva se vaha siddhapuruSa bana gayA / zAtavAhana ( yA zAlivAhana) rAjA ke 'kalAguru' ke pada para AsIna hokara usane uttama pratiSThA prApta kii| pAdaliptapura meM gaganagAminI vidyA ke jAnakAra pAdalipta AcArya rahate the / vaha unakA ziSya bana gayA / unase usane pAdalepa karake AkAza meM ghUmane kI vidyA prApta kii| isake bAda siddhi prApta kara nAgArjuna ko pArzvanAtha ke samakSa koTivedhI rasake nirmANa kI vidhi btaayii| usane kirtipura se ratnamaya pArzvanAtha kI mUrti [ 74 ]

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lAkara 'dvAravatI' (dvArakA) ke prAsAda maMdira) meM sthApita kii| vaha nagarI jala kara jala plAvita ho jAne para bhI vaha bimba (pratimA) vaisA hI rahA / nAgArjuna ne apane rasa kI siddhi ke lie seDI nadI ke taTapara use sthApita kiyA / vahAM sAtavAhana rAjA kI caMdralekhA nAmaka patnI dvArA prati dina rasamardana karavAyA gayA / usane isa karma kI zikSA hetu apane donoM putroM ko nAgArjuna ke pAsa niyukta kiyaa| rasake nirmANa kI vidhi ko pUrNa rUpa se jAna lene ke bAda una donoM ne siddha rasa ko svayaM hI prApta karane kI icchA se zastra dvArA nAgArjuna kI hatyA kara dI / parantu vaha rasa 'saMpratiSThita' aura 'adhiSThAnita' ho jAne se tirohita (gAyaba ho gyaa| jahAM vaha rasa staMbhita huA thA, vahAM stambhanaka (Adhunika khaMbhAta, gujarAta pArzvanAthatIrtha prasiddha huA / _ 'prabaMdhaciMtAmaNi' ke prathamasarga meM 'zAlivAhana prabaMdha' meM bhI nAgArjuna kA ullekha milatA hai| spaSTa hai ki nAgArjuna DhaMkagiri ke nivAsI hote hue bhI pratiSThAnapura ke sAtavAhana rAjA ke samparka meM Aye the| yahAM sAtavAhana rAjA kA nAma nahIM milatA / anuzru ti hai ki nAgArjuna ne rasavedha se sAtavAhana rAjA ko bhI dIrgha Ayu prApta karAyI thI / ataH usane dIrghakAla taka zAsana kiyA hogA / sAtavAhana vaMzIya rAjAoM ko 'AMdhra' bhI kahA jAtA hai, kyoMki saMbhavata: ye mUlataH AMdhrapradeza ke nivAsI the| ye nareza brAhmaNa the / sAtavAhana AMdhra jAti ke rAjAoM kA vaMza yA kulanAma thA / unhIM kA eka upanAma sAtakaNi thA, jo bAda meM kula nAma ho gayA / purANoM (vizeSakara 'matsya' aura 'vAyu' purANa) meM inake vaMza kA vistAra se varNana hai| sAtavAhana rAjAoM kI vaMzAvaliyoM meM bahuta matabheda hai| matsyapurANa kI sUcI meM 30 rAjAoM ke nAma haiM, yahI sUcI sabase bar3I hai / pAdaliptasUrikA samakAlIna rAjA hAla huaa| usake bAda sAtavAhana rAjAoM meM dIrghAyuprApta karane vAlA rAjA yajJazrI zAtakaNi huA,usane 28varSa rAjya kiyA (matsya va vAyupurANa ke anusAra) / usakA kAla 128-157 I. mAnA jAtA hai| nAgArjuna aura sAtavAhana rAjA (yajJazrI zAtakaNi) ke sambandhoM ke viSaya meM viziSTa aitihAsika pramANa upalabdha nahIM hai / yaha nizcita hai ki sAtavAhanoM kA rAjya gujarAta aura saurASTra taka phailA huA thaa| gautamIputra sAtakaNi (65.86I.) aura usake putra pulumAvi (vaziSThIputra pulumAvi) (86-114 I.) ke rAjyakAla bhI dIrgha rahe, kramazaH 21 evaM 28 varSa / AMdhroM ke zAsana kI do rAjadhAniyAM rahIM, pUrva meM dhAnakaTaka, jise dharaNikoTa bhI kahate haiM aura dUsarI pazcima meM godAvarI taTa para pratiSThAnapuraM yA paiThana / kabhI-kabhI pitA-putroM ne eka hI kAla meM donoM rAjadhAniyoM meM zAsana kiye haiN| aisA rA. go. 1 merutugAcArya, prabaMrdhAcatAmaNi, sarga 5, prakIrNa prabaMdha, pR. 308-12 2 jI. yAjadAnI, dakana kA prAcIna itihAsa, pR. 71 3 vahI, pR. 96 [ 75 ]

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bhAMDArakara kA abhimata hai| nAsika ke abhilekha saM. 2 meM gotamI balazrI ko mahArAjA kI mAtA aura mahArAja kI dAdI kahA gayA hai / ina mahArAjAoM kI pahacAna kramazaH gautamIputra sAtakarNi aura vaziSThIputra pulumAvi se kI gaI hai| nAsika ke abhilekha saM. 3 meM gautamIputra sAtakarNi ko 'dhAnakaTakamasi' kahA gayA hai / ataH anumAna hotA hai| ki donoM pitA-putra eka hI sAtha rAjya kara rahe the| pitA kI rAjadhAnI dhAnakTaka ( yA dharaNikoTa ) thI aura putra kI rAjadhAnI paiThana thI / yadi donoM samakAlIna zAsaka nahIM hote to gotamI balazrI ' zAsakavaMza ke eka kI rAnI, kisI rAjA kI mAtA aura kisI rAjA kI dAdI' ke rUpa meM svayaM kA ullekha nahIM karatI / 1 pulumAvi 19veM varSa ke balazrI ke nAsika ke abhilekha ke anusAra gautamIputra kA rAjyavistAra Asika, asaka, mUlaka, suraTha, kukura, aparAMta, anUpa, vidarbha, Akara aura avaMti parvata vijha, cavaTa, pariyAta, sahya, kaNhagiri, maca, siritana, malaya, mahida, setagiri aura cakora paryanta thA / dhAnyakaTaka aba 'dhanakaDa kSetra' nAma se jAnA jAtA hai / 4thI zatI ke mayidavolu abhilekha meM AMdhroM (sAtavAhanoM ) kA mUla deza 'aMdhrApatha' nAma se kahA gayA hai, jo kRSNA kI nicalI ghATI meM ghaJaJakaDa yA amarAvatI ke AsapAsa mAnA gayA hai| nizcita hI yaha zrIzailam (kurnula) ke pAsa hai / nizcitarUpa se kahIM nahA jA sakatA ki nAgArjuna ne kisa sAtavAhana nareza kA Azraya prApta kiyA thA / paraMtu yaha nizcita hai ki apane dIrghakAlIna jIvana meM nAgArjuna aneka prakAra kI siddhiyAM aura pratiSThA prApta kara lI thI / isase ve sarvatra prasiddha ho gaye the / vaha 'prabandhakoza' meM dakSiNa ke pratiSThAnapura ke sAtavAhana rAjA kA ullekha hai / jainAcArya pAdaliptaka kA samakAlIna aura mitra thA / usake samaya meM pATaliputra kA rAjA muruDa thA / sambhava hai usakA nAma dAhaDa ho ( prabhAvakacarita, 5 / 184 ) / yaha sAtavAhana avantikA ke vikramAditya kA pUrvavartI thA / vikramAditya ke samakAlika AcArya skandila aura siddhasena divAkara the / skaMdila pAdalipta ke ziSya the / ( prabaMdhakoza, pR. 11-16 ) / isI sAtavAhana kA samakAlika samrATa dvija zUdraka thA ( vividhatIrthakalpa, pR. 61 ) / pAdaliptasUri kAlakAcArya kI ziSya paramparA meM hue Arya nAgahasti ke ziSya the / ina saba tathyoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue nAgArjuna kI AcArya paramparA aura unake samakAlIna prasiddha vyaktiyoM kI zRMkhalA isaprakAra nizcita hotI hai / 1 vahI, pR. 88-89; rA. go. bhAMDArakara, ali hisTrI zraoNpha Dekkana, pR. 32-33, evaM Ti. 17 [ 76 }

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kAlakAcArya | AryanA gahasti 1 pratiSThAnapura meM sAtavAhana rAjA ( hAla ), pAdaliptasUri, pATaliputra meM rAjA muruNDa 1 pratiSThAnapura meM sAtavAhana nAgArjuna aura skandilAcArya, zUdraka nAgArjuna kI isa guru-ziSya paramparA ke nizcita ho jAne para unake kAla saMbaMdha meM purAtAtvika khojoM kA pramANa bhI prastuta kareMgeM / 'prabaMdhacitAmaNi' meM nAgArjuna ko DhaMkagiri kA nivAsI kahA gayA hai / 'vividhatIrthakalpa' (pR. 104 ) meM bhI isakA ullekha hai - 'Dhakapavvae rAyasIharAyauttassa bhopAlanAmizraM dhUtraM rUpalAvaNNAsampannaM daTThUNaM jAyANurAyassa taM sevamAnasya vAsugiNo pUtto nAgAjjuNo nAma jAo / ' 'prabaMdhakoza' aura 'piMDavizuddhi' kI TIkAoM meM bhI yahI bAta kahI gayI hai / 'DhaMka giri' kA jaina sAhitya meM aneka sthAnoM para ullekha milatA hai / yaha prasiddha 'zatru jayaparvata' kA eka bhAga mAnA jAtA hai / yaha saurASTra meM vallabhIpura ke nikaTa hai / 'sAtavAhana' ke guru ( kalAguru) aura AcArya ' pAdaliptasUri' ke ziSya 'siddhanAgA'na' yahIM parvata kI guphA meM rahate the / unhoMne rasasiddhi aura svarNasiddhi ke lie mahAn yatna kiyA thA / nAgArjuna ne 'Dhakaparvata' kI guphA meM rasakUpikA' sthApita kI thI / 'purAtana prabaMdha saMgraha' (pR. 92 ) meM likhA hai 'nAgArjunena dvau kupito bhRtau DhaMkaparvatasya guhAyAM kSipto / ' - kagiri kI isa guphA kI khoja DA. barjeja' ne kI thI / DA. haMsamukhalAla dhIrajalAla sAMkAliyA ne isameM pArzvanAtha kI khar3I jina pratibhA ko dekhA thA, usake sAtha aMbikA kI mUrti bhI thii| yahAM anya guphAoM meM vRSabha, mahAvIra Adi tIrthaMkaroM kI mUrtiyAM bhI thI / DA. sAMkAliyA ne pratimAoMkA kAla IsavI kI tIsarI zatI pramANita kiyA hai (jaina satya prakAza, varSa 4 aMka 1-2 ) / kucha vidvAna ina guphAoM ko kSatrapakAla (caSTana, rudradAmana, jayadAman Adi ke kAla ) arthAt prathama-dvitIya zatI kI menate haiM / ( DA. hIrAlAla jaina, bhAratIya saMskRti meM jaina dharma kA yogadAna, pR. 310 ) isI kAla ke kucha purAtAtvika avazeSa ora kRtiyAM sArAbhAI navAba ne saurASTra meM khoja nikAle the / ( bhAratIya vidyA, bhAga 1, aMka 2 ) 1 7 isI rasasidvi ne aMta meM nAgArjuna ke prANa hara liye the / bajeMsa, eMTIkviTIja zraoNpha kaccha eNDa kAThiyAvADa, 1874-75, pR. 139 evaM Age / 2 sAMkAliyA, zrAzriolojI zraoNpha gujarAta, 1941 [ 77 ]

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AgamasAhitya kA saMskaraNa nAgArjuna ne jaina AgamoM ke zrutapAThoM ko ekatrita karane aura unakA parikAra karane ke lie vallabhI meM eka sammelana Ayojita kiyaa| isameM sudUraprAMtoM se aneka jaina yati-muni sammilita hue the| yaha sammelana 300 I. ke lagabhaga huA thaa| isa sammelana dvArA AgamoM ke jo pATha saMskaraNa prastuta hue unheM 'nAgArjuno vAcanA' yA 'vallabhI vAcanA' kahate haiM / lagabhaga isI samaya meM mathurA meM AcArya skaMdila ne eka jaina sammelana bulAyA thaa| isameM bhI AgamoM kA pATha nirdhAraNa kiyA gyaa| ise 'mAthurI vAcanA' kahate haiN| durbhAgya se aba jaina AgamoM ke 'vallabhI' aura 'mAthurI' vAcanAoM vAle pATha anupalabdha haiM / yatra tatra unake ullekha milate haiM / rasasiddhi 'alaberunI' / / 1vIMzatI) ne apane 'bhArata varNana' meM nAgArjuna ke sambantha meM likhA hai-'rasavidyA ke nAgArjuna nAmaka prasiddha AcArya hue jo saurASTra meM somanAtha pAsa ke nikaTa dehaka meM rahate the / ve rasavidyA meM bahuta nipuNa the| unhoMne isa viSaya para eka graMtha likhA thA, jo aba durlabha hai / ve hamase sau sAla pahale ho gaye haiN|' alaberunI ke vivaraNa se nAgArjuna ke viSaya meM nimnatathya ubharakara sAmane Ate haiM-1. vaha rasavidyA meM nipuNa thA 2. usakA nivAsa sthAna saurASTra meM somanAtha ke daihaka nAmaka sthAna thA, 3. rasavidyA para usane koI graMtha likhA thA aura, 4. alaberutI se vaha 100 varSa pahale huA thA / sthAna, kAla aura kRtitva ke saMbandha usakA yaha varNana atyaMta mahatvapUrNa hai| jaina paramparA meM bhI nAgArjuna ko rasa-siddha mAnA gayA hai / usakA nivAsa sthAna saurASTra meM DhaMkagiri meM batAyA gayA hai, parantu alaberUnI somanAtha ke nikaTa mAnatA hai| usake kAla meM somanAtha kI khyAti bahuta phaila cukI thii| usakI dhana sampadA aura *khyAti se AkRSTa hokara hI alaberUnI ke samakAlIna aura AzrayadAtA gajanI ke musalamAna zAsaka mahamUda ne somanAtha para AkramaNa kara lUTamAra kI thii| somanAtha nAma se prAyaH sAre saurASTra kI sUcanA milatI hai| ata: alaberUnI dvArA prasiddha sthAna somanAtha ke nikaTa dehaka ko batAyA gayA hai / 'dahaka' aura 'DhaMka' zabdoM meM kAphI sAmya hai / bhAratIya zabdoM ke arabI yA phArasI rUpa bahuta badale hue milate haiN| yaha bAta sUcanA dene, vyakti ke uccAraNa kI sthiti evaM sunakara likhane vAle lekhaka ke grahaNa ke AdhAra para nirdhArita hotI thii| ataH parivartana saMbhava hI thaa| yaha Aja bhI hotA hai| jaise rasavidyA-nipuNa nAgArjuna kA alaberUnI ne ullekha kiyA hai, vaha jaina rasasiddha nAgArjuna hI honA pramANita hotA hai| ar3acana kevala kAla saMbaMdhI sUcanA kI hai| alaberUnI ne nAgArjuna ko apane se sau varSa pUrva honA batAyA hai| yaha bhrAMtimUlaka hai| usa samaya, bhAratIya samAja meM, vizeSakara sudUra, paMjAba evaM pazcimottara bhAratIya prAMtoM meM jahAM alabarUnI ne yAtrA kI thI, nAgArjuna saMbaMdhI eka milAjulA aitihAsika [ 78 ]

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rUpa prakaTa huA hogA / nAma sAmya mAtra ke kAraNa tatkAlIna janasamAja meM jaina rasasiddha nAgArjuna aura caurAsI siddhoM meM prasiddha siddha nAgArjuna ko eka hI mAnA jAne laga gayA ho / caurAsI siddhoM vAlA nAgArjuna bhI rasavidyA meM nipuNa thA parantu vaha nAlandA vizvavidyAlaya se AjIvana saMbaddha rahA / usakA kAla 7vIM zatI hai / jabaki jaina siddha nAgArjuna dUsarI-tIsarI zatI meM ho cukA thA / phira bhI, alaberUnI ne jisa nAgArjuna kA ullekha kiyA hai, usakA pRthakkaraNa saurASTra kSetra kA nivAsI batAne se svataH ho jAtA hai / : alaberUnI ke kAla meM hI nAgArjunakRta rasavidyA viSayaka grantha durlabha ho cukA thA / vaha kisa nAma vAlA graMtha thA ? yaha batAnA bahuta muzkila hai / grantha-muni kAntisAgara ne likhA hai - " mere jyeSTha guru-bandhu muni zrI maMgalasAgarajI mahArAja sAhaba ke grantha-saMgraha meM 'nAgArjunakalpa' nAmaka eka hastalikhita prati hai, usameM bhAratIya rasa- cikitsA evaM aneka prakAra ke mahatvapUrNa va Azcaryajagaka rAsAyanika prayogoM kA saMkalana hai / isakI bhASA prAkRta mizrita apabhraMza hai | yaha kRti siddhanAgArjuna (jaina) kI honI cAhie, kyoMki prAkRta bhASA meM hone se hI, maiM ise unakI racanA nahIM mAnatA, para kalpa meM kaI sthAnoM para ' pAdaliptasUri' kA nAma bar3e sammAna ke sAtha liyA gayA hai, jo inake saba prakAra se guru the / prazna rahA apabhraMza pratilipi kA, isakA uttara bhI bahuta sarala hai / atyaMta lokapriya kRtiyoM meM bhASAviSayaka parivartana honA svAbhAvika bAta hai / ' ( ' khaNDaharoM kA vaibhava', T. 300-301) unakA mata hai ki - 'jisa grantha kI carcA usane / alaberUnI ne) kI hai, merI rAya meM vaha 'nAgArjunakalpa' hI honA cAhie / ' (vahI, pR. 303 ) mujhe rAjasthAna prAcyavidyA pratiSThAna, udayapura meM 'nAgArjunakalpa' kI jo prati dekhane ko milI vaha yadyapi prAkRta - apabhraMza bhASA meM likhI huI hai, kintu ( 1 ) na to vaha bahuta bar3I racanA hai, na isameM rasacikitsA kA aura na Azcaryajanaka rasa yA auSadha yogoM kA vizeSa varNana hai, ( 2 ) na isameM kahIM para bhI pAdaliptasUri kA nAmollekha hai / yadyapi mere dvArA dekhI gaI yaha prati kucha aMzoM meM truTita hai ( isameM do patra aprApya haiM), tathApi Adi - aMta meM tathA upalabdha aMza meM pAdalipta kA ullekha nahIM milatA / munijI dvArA ullikhita prati maiMne nahIM dekhI / saMbhavataH ye donoM grantha bhinna hoM / 'yogaratnamAlA' (Azcarya yogaratnamAlA) bhI jaina siddha nAgArjuna kI batAyI jAtI hai / isa para saM. 1296 (1239 I.) meM zvetAMbara siddhaghaTIya bhikSu guNAkara ne 'vivRti' likhI hai | AcArya priyavrata zarmA ne likhA hai- 'It is also not improbable that some other Nagarjuna may be a tantrika under the JainSect whom Gunakara a Jain Monk, has followed. ' ( yogaratnamAlA, Introduction, P.11) / tAMtrika vidhiyoM para sUtra rUpa meM yaha grantha likhA gayA hai / grantha ke prAraMbha meM nAgArjuna ne apane guru ko hI smaraNa kiyA hai aura unako bhAskara ke tulya jagat meM dedIpyamAna mAnA hai / [ 79 ]

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'vimalamatikiraNanikaraprabhinnasacchiSyakamalasaMghAtA: / sakalajagadekadIpA jayanti gurUbhAskarA: bhuvane / / 1 / / ' guNAkara ne TokA meM spaSTa kiyA hai - 'sakalalokasya jJAnAvabodhAya dIpA dIpaprAyAH svaguravo bhAskarA sUryyatulyAH bhuvane loke jayanti sarvotkarSeNa vartanta ityarthaH' / guru ke mata yA siddhAMta rUpI samudra se kucha yomarUpI ratnoM ko nikAla kara yaha 'ratnamAlA' gUthI gaI hai 'spaSTAkSarapadasUtragurumataratnAkarAtsamuddhRtya / grathitA parisphurantI nigadyate yogaratna mAleyam / / 2 / / isameM saba anubhUta yoga hI saMgrahita kiye gaye hai| guNAkAra kA to vizvAsa hai ki inake saMbaMdha meM AzakA nahIM karanI cAhie 'atra (asmin) zAstre zrInAgArjunAcAryeNa sarve'pyanubhUtA evayogA uktA: / ato nAprAmANyazaMkA kAryeti / ' (zloka 3 para vivRti meN)| svayaM nAgArjuna ne 'yogaratnamAlA' ke upasaMhAra-padya meM likhA hai - 'gurumukhato'dhigataM yacchAstrAntaratazca tanmayA jJAtam / anubhavamArge nItvA tanmadhyAtkiccidiha dRSTam / / / 39 / / 'AzcaryaratnamAlA nAgArjunaviracitA'nubhavasiddhA / sakalajanahRdayadayitA samathitA sUtrato jayati / / 140 / / ' saMdeha hotA hai ki yaha racanA siddhanAgArjuna aura jaina siddha nAgArjuna meM se kisa ke dvArA praNIta honI cAhie ? siddhanAgArjuna kRta 'kakSapuTam' nAmaka anya tAMtrika grantha milatA hai| usameM bhI 'yogaratnamAlA' kI bhAMti mAraNa, mohana, vazIkaraNa, uccATana agnistaMbha, jalastaMbha nAdi ke tAMtrika prayoga diye gaye haiM / kakSapuTa ke aMta meM granthakAra ne apane ko 'siddhanAgArjuna' likhA hai - 'iti zrIsiddhanAgArjuna viracite kakSapuTe viMzatitamaH paTalaH / / 1800 / / samApta / ' 'vivaraNam'- zrIsiddhanAgArjunaviracitasiddhacAmuNDAparaparyAyaH kakSapuTAbhidho mantrasAghamavazIkaraNAdiviSayakastAntrika nibandhavizeSaH / ' (Dr. R.L. Mitra, Notices No. 256) / ___ 'yogaratnamAlA meM kahIM bhI nAgArjuna ne apane ko 'siddha' nahIM kahA hai / TIkAkAra guNAkarane bhI sarvatra nAgArjuna ko AcArya nAgArjuna yA nAgArjunAcArya nAma se likhA hai 'iha zAstrArambhe AcAryyanAgArjunapAdA: ziSTasamayaparipAlanArtha zAstrasyopAdeyatAM ca darzayitu gurupAdamatiM kurvantaH prathamAmAryAmAhuH / (granthArambha meM) [ 80 ]

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atrA'smin zAstre zrI nAgArjunAcAryeNa sarve'pyanubhUtA va yogA uktAH / loka . bI TIkA 'zrI nAga rjunAcArya caraNAptaprasAdAt saphalo yogo'yamAstAm / ' (palo. 50 kI TIkA ) 'AzcaryANyeva ratnAni teSAM mAlA ddhati: / sA nAgArjunAcAyeMga bira citA gumphinaa| kathaMbhUnA ? anubhavasiddhA / ' / zloka 10C kI TIka) jaina-paramparA meM AcArya pada sarvocna hotA hai| AcArya pada para asIna vyati caturvidha jaina saMgha (sAdhu. sAdhvI zrAvaka, zrAvikA kA saMcAlana karatA hai ! phira do gratha eka hI viSaya para eka hI vyakti dvArA likhA jAnA alapaTa:--sA lagatA hai| guru paraMparA kA sammAna aura sarvopari Adara jaina-paramparA meM pracalita DA hai| jaina-tAMtrika vidyA meM ise sarvAdhika mahattva diyA jAtA hai| ataH yAnaratnamAlA graMtha kA praNetA jaina honA cAhie / guNAkara jaina zvetAMbara sAdhu thaa| saMbhavata: imI nAgArjuna kI paramparA kA rahA ho| ye donoM vidvAn saurASTra kSetra ke nivAsI the| guNAkara ne aneka sthaloM para gujarAtI zabdoM meM spaSTa karaNa diyA hai / yogaratnamAlA ke viSaya -- vazIkaraNa, vidveSaNa, uccATana, darpaNa me rUpadarzana, citrarodanAntardhAna, puruSAntardhAna (adRzIkaraNa ), ko (ku! tUhala (kautuka), agnimtama, jalastaMbha, pizAcIkaraNa, 'lomaza tana', zastrastaMbha, dezAMtara gamana, akAlagrahaNa (somasUryagrahaNa), Aveza ivadhAna, 'viSaprayogavidhAna', 'viSApahara', 'viSama jvApahAra', bhUtanAzana (grahamokSa)', jyoti darzana, ajana, cadrajyotsnAdhikya, bandhyAputrajanma, vyAghradarzana, manuSyadarzana, 'vaMdhyAkaraNa', 'liMgavRddhidADhyakaraNa', 'zukraratabhana', yAnizUlakaraNa-mokSa', 'kuSTha-karaNa', kAkaghAtodvega, gohananajIvana, 'garbhasta mokSaNa', dIpara-nirvANa, vRzcikaviSApahAra', meghaH di jalastaMbha, paTAnta (paTagata) citrAdarzana, pratimAkarSaNa, zastrazuktyAkarSaNa, 'kucanAza', bhagasaMkocana, bhaga raktapravAha, rAtrimA dhUpa, dIpa se kaNIkaraNa, 'andhIkaraNa-bodha', kalahanidhAna, antardhAna, mRnmaya gajamada, drumaphalapuSpAkarSaNa, phalapuSpApAdana, dugdha kA ghRtApAdana, jala kA takrIkaraNa, takra kA dadhikaraNa, mRta sajAuna, 'nArIpuruSaguhyabaMdha aura mokSa', AsanabaMdha, adhakAra meM jyotidarzana | spaSTa hai ki yAga. ratnamAlA meM aneka auSadhaprayoga bhI die haiN| tAMtrika aura auSadhaprayogoM ke lie 1 muni kAMtisAgara isameM zaMkA mAnate haiM "tantraviSayaka yogaratnamAlA' aura 'sAdhanamAlA' vagairaha kucha granthoM meM paryApta bhAva-sAmya hai; para jahAM taka bhASA kA prazna hai, ina granthoM ke racayitA nAgArjuna (bauddha hI jAna par3ate haiM; kyoMki 'siddhanAgArjuna' (jaina) ke samaya jaina sapradAya meM apane Apa ko saMskRta bhASA meM vyakta karane kI praNAlI hI nahIM thii|" (khaMDaharoM kA vaibhava, pR:00) [ 81 ]

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aneka auSadhiyoM-vAnaspatika, khanija aura jAntava dravyoM kA upayoga bana yA gayA hai / yaha grantha bahuta upayogI hai / jaina paramparA meM auSadhoM aura tatra saMbaMdhI prayogoM kA pracalana bahuta prAcInakAla se rahA hai| ata: AzcaryayogamAlA ko bAda kI racanA mAnane meM koI Agraha nahIM honA caahie| spaSTa hai ki yogaratnamAlA ke prayoga guruparaMparAgata hai| TIkAkAra guNAkara ko bhI isI paramparA se etad viSayaka jJAna prApta huA hogaa| 'Rtumalla lanAyono maptadinAvAsitaM kramAtsiddham' (zloka 38 meM 'siddha guruparaMpara yA siddha' aisA artha guNA kara ne spaSTa kiyA hai| kahIM-kahIM yoga kI saphalatA nAgArjuna kI kRpA se honA batAyA hai-'zrInAgArjunaprasAdAdeva yoga: sAdhakAnAM phalatu / ' zloka 41 kI TIkA meM) / isa grantha ko samajhane meM guNAkara kI 'vivRti' atyaMta upAdeya hai| cakrapANidatta ne apane cikitsa' saMgraha' yA 'cakradatta' ke 'rasAyanAdhikAra' meM muni nAgArjuna praNIta 'lohazAstra' kA saMkSipta saMskaraNa uddhRta kiyA hai| ise 'rasendraciMtAmaNi' meM bhI diyA gayA hai| yahAM 90 AryAoM me lohapAka loha saMskAra) kI vidhi vistArapUrvaka samajhAyI gayI hai / yaha 'amRtasAra loha' kahalAtA hai| prakaraNa ke prArambha meM likhA hai nAgArjuno munIndraH zazAsa yallohazAstramati gahanam / tasyArthasya smRtaye vayameta dvizadAkSarabrUmaH / / ' isakA upasaMhAra karate hue batAyA gayA hai ki 90 AryAoM zlokoM) meM, sAta prakAra kI vidhiyoM (sAdhyasAdhanaparimANavidhi, lohamAraNavidhi sthAlIpAka vidhi puTanavidhi, pradhAna niSpattipAkavidhi, abhrakavidhi, bhakSaNavidhi) ke dvArA guru paramparA se upadiSTa ajJAna-viparItajJAna-sazaya se rahita anuSThAna , grantha saMdarbha) ko, muni racitazAstra ko pAra karane ke lie sora lekara, batAyA gayA hai| isako koI bhI 'SaTakarmA' anya bAMdhavoM ke upakAra ke lie kara sakatA hai| 'SaTkarmA zabda jainI aura zrotriya (brAhmaNa) ke lie prayukta hotA hai| 'AryAbhiriha navatyA saptavidhinA yathAvadAkhyAtam / amativiparyayasaMzayazUnyamanuSThAnamunnItam / / 12 / / muni racitazAstrapAraM gatvA sAraM tata: samuddhRtya / nibabandha bAndhavAnAmupakRtaye ko'pi SaTkarmA / / 125 / / ' zivadAsasena ne TIkA meM likhA hai - "SaTkarmA zrotriyaH ukta hi-"yAjanaM yajanaM dAnaM viziSTAcca parigrahaH / adhyApanamadhyayanaM zrotriyaH SaDbhireva ca // iti // " jainI bhI 'SaTkarmA' kahalAtA hai / [ 82 ]

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yahAM isase janamata kI puSTi hotI hai| aura bhI, 'lauha zAstra' kA praNetA 'muni nAgArjuna' hai| muni zabda se 'jaina muni' kA artha adhika yuktiyukta hai| ataH mere mata meM alaberunI dvArA nirdiSTa nAgArjuna kA rasavidyA para mahAn graMtha yahI honA cAhie, jo kAlakrama se aba lupta ho cukA hai| usakA sAra cakrapANi aura rasendraciMtAmaNi kAra ne diyA hai / dakSiNa meM nAgArjuna jaina nAgArjuna ke saMbaMdha meM dakSiNa meM, vizeSataH karNATaka meM, eka kiMvadaMtI pracalita hai| vahAM nAgArjuna ko pUjyapAda kI choTI bahana kA putra arthAt bhAnajA batAyA gayA hai| usake pitA kA nAma guNabhaTTa thaa| isa nAgArjuna ne svarNasiddhi (sonA banAne kI saphalatA) prApta kI thii| unhoMne vanaspati zAstra me acchA jJAna prApta kiyA thaa| pUjyapAda pairoM meM lepakara gagana-gamana kiyA karate the| saMbhavataH nAgArjuna ne bhI ise sIkhA thA / nAgArjuna maMtra, taMtra aura rasa vidyA ke siddha mAne jAne lge| nAgArjuna kI rasaguTikA curA lI gayI / (dekheM, nAthUrAma premI, jai.sA.i., pR. 529, tti.2)| Ayurveda meM nAgArjuna - AyurvedagranthoM meM nAgArjuna ke saMbaMdha meM nimna pramANa milate haiM(1) suzrutasaMhitA ke prasiddha TIkAkAra 'DahmaNa' ne likhA hai - 'yatra yatra parokSe liTprayogastatra tatraiva pratisaMskartR sUtraM jJAtavyamiti ; pratisaMskartA'pIha nAgArjunaevaM' (su. sU. 1/2 para TIkA meN| arthAt jahAM jahAM 'liT' bhUta ) kAla kA prayoga milatA hai, vahAM use pratisaMskartA kA vacana samajhanA caahie| yahAM nAgArjuna hI pratisaMskartA hai| isa prasaMga meM DahmaNa ne 'api' 'iha' aura 'eva' zabdoM dvArA nizcayapUrvaka niHsaMdigdha rUpa se nAgArjuna ko hI suzrutasaMhitA kA pratisaMskAra karane vAlA batAyA hai| (2) 'mAdhavanidAna' kI 'madhukoSa' TIkA ke lekhaka 'vijayarakSita' ne nAgArjuna kRtaM 'Arogya maMjarI' se pATha uddhRta kiye haiM - 'ArogyamaJjaryAM nAgArjuno'pyAhaudgAre'pi vizuddhatAmupagate kAMkSA na bhaktAdiSu snigdhatvaM vadanasya sandhiSu rujA kRtvA ziroMgauravam / . mandAjIrNa rase tu lakSaNamidaM tatrAtivRddha punahallAsa-jvara-mUrchanAdi ca bhavet ___ sarvAmayakSobhaNamiti / / ' .. yaha vacana 'agnimAMdyAdinidAna' prakaraNa (6) meM ajIrNa ke prasaMga meM rasazeSAjINaM ke saMbaMdha meM uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| nAgArjuna ne 'ArogyamaMjarI' nAmaka koI graMtha bhI likhA thaa| vaha aba aprApta hai| trivendrama se 1928 meM 'bhadanta nAgArjuna' praNIta 'rasavaizeSikasUtram' prakAzita [ 83 ]

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hA thaa| isa para 'narasihakRta' bhASya bhI hai| rasavaizeSikasUtra meM dravyaguNa saMbaMdhI maulika siddhAtoM--- rasa, guNa, vIrya, vipAka, prabhAva Adi para maulika vicAra sUtra rUpa meM nibaddha haiN| yaha grantha 'Arogya majarI' kA hI aMza hai| upalabdha grantha kI upakrama meM likhA hai --- 'adhAta ArogyazAstraM vyAkhyAsyAmaH / / / " ___ lagatA hai ki yaha grantha vistRta rahA hogA, jisameM dravya guNa ke sAtha nidAna Adi niekI malita rahe hoMge / 'Arogya majIkAra' ( ra savaizeSikasUtrakAra aura 'suzrutasaMhitA ke prati saMskRtA' mAgArjuna eka hI pakti rahe hoMge; kyoMki 'suzrutasaMhitA' aura rasavaizeSika' ke mata bahuta samAna hai| aipI sandhyatA hai ki suzrutasaMhitA meM pahale 'uttarataMtra' nahIM thaa| use bAda meM prati sarakAra ke avasara para nAgArjuna ne jor3A thaa| vAgbhaTa (4thI zatI) ne suzrutamaMhitA ke uttaratatra sahita saMskaraNa kA upayoga hI kiyA thA / arabI meM khalIphA hA rUnula 2 sIda ke jAla me (8vIM zatI meM) jo anuvAda huA thA vaha bhI uttarataMtra sahita kA hai| ata: taba taka nAgArjuna ne yaha pratisaMskAra kara diya thaa| ___ DalhaNa ke samaya meM yaha nizcita mAnyatA pracalita thI 'ka nAgArjuna ne hI suzrutasaMhitA kA ani saMskAra kiyA hai| pratisaMskRta suzrutasaMhitA meM zrIparvata, sahyA, devagiri, malayA vana adi dakSiNa bhArata ke parvatoM kA ullekha milatA hai| cadana ke lie malayaja' zabda AyA hai| . prasiddha nauddha dArzanika nAgArjuna kA mUla sthAna dakSiNa bhArata thaa| ve bahata samaya taka zrIparvata au amarAvatI meM rahe the| unakA kAla buddha ke nirvANa ke cAra sau varSa bAda mAnA gayA hai ( hvanatsAMga ne likhA hai ki gautama kI mRtyu ke bAda 400 varSa bAda nAgArjuna hA Beal's 'Buddhist Records', Vol. II, P. 212) / tadanusAra unakA kAla I. pU. 33 nizcita hotA hai| vaha bauddha paramparA meM buddha ke bAda 13vAM AcArya aura unakA ziSya Aryadeva 14vAM AcArya thaa| 401 I. ma cInI bhASA meM 'kumAra jIva' ne 'nAgArjuna kI jIvatI' kA anuva da kiyA thaa| isase bauddha nAgArjuna kI aMtima kAlamaryAdA nirdhArita ho jAtI hai / bauddha nAgArjuna kaniSka kA samakAlIna thaa| 'hanatsAMga' ke anusAra vaha 'sotopoho' (sAtavAhana) rAjA kA samakAlIna aura usakA Azrita bhI thA / vaha sAtavAhana rAjA 'zAta Ni' thA yA aura koI, yaha nizcita nahIM hai / saMbhava hai vaha zAtakaNi / dvitIya) thA jisane vAyupurANa ke anusAra 56 varSa rAjya kiyA thA / isase nAgArjuna kA kAla I.pU. prathama zatI evaM IsavIya prathama zatI ke madhya pramANita hotA hai| isI nAgArjuna ne 'suzruta saMhitA kA prati saMskAra' aura 'ArogyamaMjarI' kI racanA [ 84 ]

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kI ho, aisA mAnane meM Apatti nahIM haiM / bauddha nAgArjuna kI anya racanAeM -- upAyahRdaya, mAdhyamikakArikA, vigrahavyAvartanI, ratnAvalI, suhRlekha, dvAdazamukhazAstra, mahAprajJApAramitA zAstra haiM / 'siddhayoga' (vRndamAdhava kI vyAkhyA 'kusumAvalI' meM 'nAgArjunavArtAmAlA' kA ullekha hai / 'nAgArjunavArtAmAlAyAM paThyate' ( vyAkhyA kusumAvalI, pR. 172) / ( 3 ) 'cakrapANidatta' ne 'cikitsAsaMgraha' yA 'cakradatta' ke 'rasAyanAdhikAra' meM muni nAgArjuna praNIta gaMbhIra lohazAstra kA sAra 90 AryAoM meM likhA hai / ise 'amRtasAra lauha' kahA hai / 'rasendracitAmaNi' meM bhI yaha lauhavidhi dI gaI hai / 'nAgArjuno munIndraH zazAsa yallohazAstramatigahnam / tasyArthasya smRtaye vayametadvizadAkSaraibramaH / ' 'cakrapANi' ne netra rogacikitsAdhikAra meM tibhirAdirogoM ke lie 'nAgArjunIvarti' kA pATha diyA hai / yaha pATha nAgArjuna ne pATaliputra ke staMbha para likhavAyA thA - 'nAgArjunena likhitA stambhe pATaliputrake / ' ( 4 ) nAgArjuna viracita nimna rasazAstra aura taMtra sambandhI grantha milate haiM - 1. kakSapuTam yA kakSapuTataMtram 2. rasaratnAkara rasendra maMgala rasakakSapuTam (5) nAgArjunakRta kAmazAstra para 'ratizAstra' grantha prApta hai uparyukta rasa, taMtra, kAmazAstrasambandhI saba grantha 'siddhanAgArjuna' ke haiM / unako 'sarahapA' kA ziSya batAyA jAtA hai / unakA mUlasthAna vidarbha meM thA / nAlaMdA meM unakI zikSA dikSA huI thI / uttarI bhArata meM rasavidyA ke pracAra-prasAra kA zreya unako prApta hai / ve nAlaMdA meM pradhAna AcArya bhI rahe / inakA kAla 7 vIM - 8vIM zatI hai / 3. 4. tibbatI lAmA tArAnAtha ke itihAsa meM bauddha nAgArjuna aura siddha nAgArjuna kI jIvanI mila-jula gayI hai / nAgapura ke pAsa 'rAmaTeka' meM unakA nivAsa thA / vahAM eka guphA aba bhI hai, jise 'nAgArjuna kI guphA' kahate haiM / 'DA. hIrAlAla ' ne likhA hai vidarbhadeza ke eka brAhmaNa kA lar3akA 'rAmaTeka' kI pahAr3I para mauta kI pratIkSA karane ko bheja diyA gayA thA, kyoMki jyotiSiyoM ne usake pitA ko nizcaya karA diyA thA ki vaha apanI Ayu ke sAtaveM barasa mara jAyagA / yaha bAlaka rAmaTeka ke pahAr3I kI eka khoha meM naukaroM ke sAtha jA TikA | akasmAt vahAM se 'khasarpaNa mahAbodhi - [ 85 1

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satva' nikale aura usa bAlaka kI kathA sunakara Adeza diyA ki 'nAlendra' vihAra ko calA jA, vahAM jAne se mRtyu se baca jaayegaa| 'nAlendra' athavA 'nAlindA' magadha deza meM bauddhoM kA eka bar3A vihAra tathA mahAvidyAlaya thA / usameM bhartI hokara yaha barArI bAlaka anyanta vidvAn aura bauddhazAstravettA ho gyaa| isake vyAkhyAna sunane ko aneka sthAnoM se nimaMtraNa aaye| unameM se eka nAga-nAginiyoM kA bhI thA / 'nAgoM ke deza' meM tIna mAsa raha kara usane eka dharma-pustaka 'nAgasahasrikA' nAma kI racI aura vahIM para usako 'nAgArjuna' kI 'upAdhi' milI, jisa nAma se aba vaha prakhyAta hai| rAmaTeka pahAr3a meM abhI taka eka kandarA hai jisakA nAma nAgArjuna hI rakha liyA gayA hai|" (DaoN hIrAlAla, madhya pradezIya bhaugolika nAmArtha paricaya pR. | -1 ) / upasaMhAra- hamAre mata meM bhAratIya sAhitya meM nAgArjuna nAma se tIna mahApuruSa ho cuke haiM - (1) bauddha dArzanika nAgArjuna- (pahalI zatI I. pU. se I. pahalI zatI kaniSka va zAtavAhana rAjA ke samakAlika / mahAyAnapravartaka / mAdhyamikadarzana ke pravaktA / zUnyavAda ke pravartaka / 'suzrutasaMhitA' ke pratisaMskartA, 'Arogya maMjarI' ke kartA / (2) siddhanAgArjuna - (7vIM-8vIM zatI) - inakA mukhya kArya kSetra nAlaMdA rahA / rasazAstra, taMtra aura maMtra meM nipuNa va prasiddha hai| kakSapuTa, rasakakSapuTa, rasa ratnAkara, rasendramaMgala ratizAstra ke praNetA / (3) jaina siddha nAgArjuna-(3ro zatI)-inakA kArya kSetra 'valabhI' saugaSTra kSetrAntargata (somanAtha ke nikaTa), aura 'DhaMkagiri' rhaa| jaina AgAmoM kI vAcanA taiyAra kraayii| vallabhI meM jaina muni sammelana kA saMcAlana / yogaratnamAlA, lohazAstra aura nAgArjunIkalpa granthoM kI racanA kii| nAgArjuna saMbaMdhI anya jJAtavya - _ 'yogazataka'- isameM Ayurveda ke ATha aMgoM ke anusAra auSadhayogoM kA saMgraha hai| koI sau yogoM kA saMkalana hai| vizeSatA yaha hai ki aSTAMgoM meM 'vAjIkaraNa' ke sthAna para 'paMcakarma' ko parigaNita kiyA gayA hai| yaha grantha tibbatI bhASA meM anuvAdita ho cukA hai, jisakI puSpikA meM ise 'siddhanAgArjuna' dvArA viracita batAyA gayA hai / phira bhI, vararuci kRta yogazataka kI apekSA isa meM koI bhinna pATha nahIM hai| 'yogazataka' ke aneka padya vRndamAdhava (9vIM zatI) aura cakradatta (11 vIM zatI) meM milate haiN| cakrapANi (11vIM zatI aura nizcalakara ne isako uddhRta kiyA hai| tIsaTakRta cikitsAkAlikA aura yogazataka meM viSayavastu kA gaThana prAyaH samAna hai| _ 'paMcasUtra' aura 'bheSajakalpa' nAmaka do anya grantha nAgArjuna dvArA racita haiM, jo tibbatI meM anuvAdita hokara 'taMjUra' saMgraha meM surakSita haiN| [ 86 ]

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'vArtAmAlA' aura 'yogamaMjarI' bhI nAgArjuna-Nota haiN| ina donoM granthoM kA ullekha 'nizcalakara' ne cakradattaTIkA meM kiyA hai| nAgArjuna-vArtAmAlA' nAma se 'zrIkaMThadatta' ne 'vyAkhyA kusumAvali' meM ullekha kiyA hai| ___ ye saba graMtha siddhanAgArjuna ke hone cAhie; kyoMki inakI racanAzailI pUrvamadhyayugIna hai| __ AcArya priyavrata zarmA 'kakSapuTa' aura 'yogaratnamAlA' meM kucha yogoM aura padyoM kI sama natA dekhakara dono ko eka hI vyakti kI kRtiyAM mAnate haiN| parantu yaha ucita nahIM hai| kakSapuTa kA kartA siddhanAgArjuna hai| isakI puSpikA meM isa nAma kA spaSTa ullekha milatA hai 'iti zrI siddhanAgArjunaviracite kacchapuTe prati vazyaM nAma paMcamaH paTalaH / ' 'yogaratnamAlA' ke mUla pATha meM tathA TIkAkAra guNAkara ne isake racayitA kA 'AcArya nAgArjuna yA nAgArjunAcArya' nAma se hI ullekha kiyA hai| ataH donoM kI bhinnatA pramANita hotI hai| AcArya nAgArjuna jaina paraMparA ke vidvAn the| donoM granthoM meM yogoM va pAThoM kI samAnatA honA svAbhAvika hai, kyoMki donoM ke viSaya samAna haiM, ataH tatkAlIna pracalina yoga bhI eka dUsare ke grantha meM A gaye haiN| tAMtrika prayoga bhI AyurvedIya prayogoM ke samAna aneka granthoM ke prAya: samAna rUpa se mila jAte haiM / dhanaJjaya (7vI-8vIM zatI) yaha digambara gRhastha vidvAn (zrAvaka) the| dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya' ke antima padya kI TIkA meM TIkAkAra ne dhanaMjaya ke pitA kA nAma 'vasudeva', mAtA kA nAma 'zrIdevI' aura guru kA nAma 'daza'tha' diyA hai| dhanaMjaya ke nimna grantha haiM -- 1. dhanaMjayanAmamAlA, 2. anekArthanAmamAlA, 3. rAghava-pANDavIya-dvisaMdhAnamahAkAvya, 4. viSApahArastotra, 5. anekArtha-nighaNTu / dhanajayanAmamAlA ke antima padya meM akalaMka aura pUjyapAda kA ullekha hai - 'pramANamakalakasya pUjyapAdasya lakSaNam / dvisaMdhAnakaveH kAvyaM ratnatrayapazcimam / / 20 / / ' akalaMka ke pramANa, pUjyapAda ke lakSaNa aura kavi (dhanaMjaya) ke dvisaMghAna kAvya ko 'ratnatraya' kahA gayA hai| isa AdhAra para inakA kAla 7vIM yA 8vIM zatI pramANita hotA hai| AcArya prabhAcaMDa aura AcArya vAdirAja (11vIM zatI) ne dhanaMjaya ke 'dvisaMdhAna-mahAkAvya' kA ullekha kiyA hai / 1 'yogaratnamAlA' bhUmikA, pR. 12-13 / . [ 87 ]

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dhanaMjaya jaina saMskRta koSakAroM meM sarvaprAcIna haiN| inake do koSa 'nAmamAlA' aura 'anekArthanAmamAlA' haiN| vIra sena kRta 'dhavalATIkA' meM anekArthanAmamAlA kA "hetAveva prakArAdi' zloka uddhRta hai| dhavalATokA kA racanAkAla zaka saM 738 (816 I.) hai| ata: ina koSoM kA racanAkAla 780-816 I. ke madhya pramANita hAtA hai| jaina paramparA meM stotra, maMtra aura taMtroM se rogoM, viSa aura bhUtabAdhA ke nivAraNa ke upAya bAhulyena milate haiN| Aja bhI yati-muni inakA upayoga karate milate haiN| dhanaMjaya kA viSApahArasrotra' bahuta prasiddha hai| isameM 40 indra vajrA chaMda haiN| anima padya kA chaMda bhinna hai, jisameM kartA ne apanA nAma diyA hai| isame prathama tIrthaMkara vRSabha kI stuti kI gaI haiN| isa staMtra kA nAma 14veM padya meM Aye niSApahAra' zabda se huA hai, isa padya meM kahA gayA hai ki he bhagavan loga viSApahAra maNi, auSadhiyoM, maMtra aura rasAdhana kI khoja meM bhaTakate phirate haiM; ve yaha nahIM jAnate ki ye saba Apake hI paryAyavAcI nAma haiN|' isa stotrapara 'na gacandrasUra' aura 'pArzvanAtha gommaTa' kRta 'TokAeM' haiM aura 'abacUri' tathA devendra ni kRta 'viSApahAra vratodyApana' nAmaka kRtiyAM milatI haiN| - 'nAgacaMdrasUri' karnATaka nivAsI, brAhmaNa kulotpanna aura zrIvatsagotrI the unheM 'pravAdirAja ke sarI' viruda prApta thaa| yaha mUlasaMgha, dezIgaNa. pustakagaccha ke bhaTTAraka lalita kIrti ke ziSya deva cadra muni ke ziSya the| inakA samaya vi. kI 16vIM zatI mAnA jAtA hai| durgadeva (1032 I.) yaha saMyamasena (saMyamadeva) munIndra ke ziSya the| unakI hI AjJA se durgadeva ne 'ma ra Nakara NDikA' Adi aneka prAcIna granthoM ke AdhAra para riSTa-samuccaya' nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI hai| grantha kI prazasti meM durgadeva ne svayaM ko 'dezayatI' kahA hai, ata: ye zrAvakavratoM ke anuSThAtA kSullaka sAdhu pratIta hote haiN| yaha grantha prAkRta bhASA meM likhA hai| isakI racanA vi. saM 1089 (I 1032) zrAvaNa zuklA 11, mUlanakSatra meM 'zrInivAsa rAjA' ke kAla meM 'kubhanagara' ke zAMtinAtha maMdira meM pUrNa huI thI 'saMbacchara igasahase bolINe Na vayasI i-saMjutte / 1089) / sAvaNa--sukke yArasi diyahammi mUlarikkhammi / / 260 / / siri kubhaNaya raNae ?; lacchiNi vAsa--Nivai-rajjammi / siri 'saMtiNAhabhavaNe' muNi bhaviyassa ubhe ramme / / 26 / / iti riTThasamuccayasatthaM sammatta / ' isa grantha meM 261 padya haiN| riSTa yA ariSTa arthAt nizcita mRtyusUcaka lakSaNoM, zakunoM ko jAnane ke lie yaha uttama graMtha hai / Ayurveda meM riSTa jJAna kA bahuta mahatva hai| 18 ]

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ariSTa dekhakara vaidya ko apayaza prApta na ho isake lie 'pratyAkhyAya' (rogI aba nahIM baca sakegA aisA kahakara) cikitsA karane kA upadeza zAstra meM hai| yaha grantha siMghI jaina grantha sIrija' meM muni jina vijayajI ne prakAzita karAyA hai| durgadeva kI anya racanA 'arghakAMDa' hai| isa meM bhAvoM ke tejI-maMdI kA vijJAna 149 gAthAoM meM varNita haiN| mahendra jaina (11vIM zatI) yaha kRSNa vaidya kA putra thaa| isakA nAma 'mahendra bhogika' milatA hai| yaha thAnezvara kA nivAsI thaa| rA. prA. vi. pra. 'jodhapura' graMthAMka 9510 'dravyAvalIsamuccaya' meM kartA kA nAma 'mahendra jaina' nirdiSTa hai| isa hastaprati kA lekhanakAla vi. saM. 1709 (1652 I ) hai aura racanAsthAna udayapura hai / ___ mahendra jaina dvArA viracita nighaMTu graMtha kA nAma 'dravyAvalI' yA 'dravyAvalIsamuccaya' hai| AnaMdAzrama presa pUnA (1925) se prakAzita 'dhanvantarinighaMTu' meM 'dravyAvali' bhI samanvita hai| bhAMDArakara iMsTITyUTa pUnA meM dravyAvali kI 8 pratiyAM maujUda haiN| grantha kA prathama bhAga 'dravyAvali' hai| ise 'dravyaguNaratnamAlikA' bhI kahA hai| pUnA kI hastaprati grathAMka 106 meM granthAraMbha meM 'pArzvanAtha' ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai 'kRSNa tviriSTavidArakAya, tubhyaM jagallocanalobhanAya / zrIpArzvanAthAya sanAtanAya namo namastu puruSottamAya / / 1 / / ' cikitsA hetu kalpayogoM ke rUpa meM 7 sAta vargoM meM dravyoM kA samuccaya kiyA gayA hai| 'anaMtapArasya vigRhya kiM citsAraM cikitsAgamasAgarasya / ukto mayA saMprati kalyayogadravyAvalI nAma samuccayo'yam / / 2 / / ' ye gaNa yA varga doSa-roga-prabhAva ko dhyAna meM rakhakara unako kvAthAdi kalpanAoM ke rUpa meM dene ke lie batAye gaye haiN| isameM nAmaparyAya zailI se auSadhidravyoM kA nirdeza hai| isake anta meM likhA hai - 'yogAnetAnprayuJjAna: puruSo nityamAtmavAn / ApnuyAdajvarArogyaM balavarNamatisvinaH / / iti 'dravyaguNaratnamAlikA' smaaptaa|' isameM 373 dravyoM kA ullekha hai 'zatatrayaM ca dravyANAM trisaptatyadhikottaram / hitAya vaidyaviduSAM 'dravyAvalyAM' prakAzitam // ' (upakrama 7/4) / Age, dvitIya bhAga meM guNakarmazailI se dravyoM kA vivaraNa diyA hai| isameM dravyoM ke nAmoM ke sAtha guNakarma bhI batAye gae haiN| likhA hai [ 89 ]

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'dravyAvalIniviSTAnAM dravyAnAM nAmanirNayam / lokaprasiddha vakSyAmi yathAgamaparikramam // isa bhAga ko 'dravyAvalI nighaNTu' kahA gayA hai / die haiM / isameM bhI dravyAvalI ke samAna 7 varga haiM1. guDUcyAdi, 2. zatapuSpAdi, 6. suvarNAdi, 7. mizraka / 3. caMdanAdi, kucha dravya dravyAvalI kI apekSA adhika 4. karavIrAdi, grantha ke anta meM likhA hai- 'ityAdyuktAni bahuzo mizrIkRtya samAsataH / uktaM nikhilenetaddhi nirghaNTujJAnamuttamaM // ' bhiSajA buddhivRddhayarthaM dhanvantarivinirmitaM / iti 'dhanvantarikRto' nirghaTaH samAptaH / isI se yaha pUrAgrantha 'dhavantarinighaMTu' kahalAtA hai / praNetA jJAta nahIM hote; kiyA gayA hai-- vastuta: dhanvantari isake kyoMki dvitIya bhAga ke prArambha meM dhanvantari ko namaskAra 'namAmi dhanvantarimAdidevaM surAsuraivaMditapAdapadmam / loke jarArugbhayamRtyunAzaM dhAtAramIzaM vividhauSadhInAm / ' dhanvantarikRta racanA hone para svayaM ko namaskAra vacana nahIM milanA caahie| vAstava meM ise vartamAna rUpa dene kA kArya kRSNa - bhaugika putra mahendra jaina ne kiyA thA / anta meM vaha apanA paricaya ina zabdoM meM detA hai grantha ke 'kRSNabhogikaputreNa thAnezvara nivAsinA / 'mahendrabhogikaneyaM mattA 'dravyAvalI' zubhA / ' vartamAna rUpa meM upalabdha thA, hemacaMdra dhanvantarinighaMTu ko uddhRta kiyA hai / hotA hai / 5. AmrAdi, vAgbhaTIkAkAra hemAdri aura aruNadatta ( 13vIM zatI) ke kAla taka yaha grantha ( 12vIM zatI), aura maMkha ( 12vIM zatI) ne ataH isakA kAla 11vIM zatI honA pramANita jinadAsa ( 12vIM zatI) yaha jaina vidvAn the / inakA kAla 12vIM zatI mAnA jAtA hai / yaha pradyumnakSama ke ziSya batAye jAte haiM / inhoMne carakasaMhitA para koI vyAkhyA likhI thI / isake atirikta inake 'jambUsvAmicarita', 'kalpa bhASya cUrNi', 'karmadaNDI' Adi anya grantha haiM / 1 priyavrata zarmA, Ayurveda kA vaijJAnika itihAsa, pR. 213 [ 90 ]

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durlabharAja (12vIMzatI uttarArdha) yaha jaina vidvAn gRhastha thA / gujarAta ke cAlukyavaMzIya zAsaka kumArapAla (1143 se 1174) aura unake uttarAdhikArI bhImadeva ke maMtrI (amAtya) pada para rahA / inakA putra jagadeva bhI vidvAn aura kumArapAla kA maMtrI thA-- 'zrImAn durlabharAjastadapatyaM buddhidhAmasuka virabhUt / yaM kumArapAlo mahattamaM kSitipatiH kRtavAn / ' inhoMne 4-5 grantha likhe batAye jAte haiM -1 gajaprabaMdha, 2 gajaparIkSA, 3 turaMgaprabaMdha, 4 puruSa-strIlakSaNa, 5 svAnazAstra yA zakunazAstra / saMbhavataH gajaprabaMdha aura gajaparIkSA eka hI racanA hai| 1 gajaprabaMdha -- isake anya nAma 'hastiparIkSA' aura 'gajaparIkSA' hai| yaha lagabhaga 1500 zlokoM meM pUrNa huA hai / 'jaina granthAvali' (pR. 361) meM isakA ullekha hai| isameM hAthiyoM ke prakAra, lakSaNa, guNa, vizeSatAeM pAlanAvidhi Adi varNita haiN| isakI racanA vi.saM.1215 (1158 I.) ke lagabhaga huI thii| 2 turaMgaprabaMdha -- isameM ghor3oM kI jAtiyAM, lakSaNoM Adi kA vivaraNa hai| isakI racanA bhI vi. saM. 12 14 (1158 I.) ke lagabhaga huii| 3 svapnazAstra - ___ isameM svapnoM ke bAre meM vistAra se varNana hai / isameM kula 311 zloka haiM / graMtha meM do adhyAya haiM / prathama adhikAra meM 152 zlokoM meM zubhasvapnoM kA vivaraNa hai aura dvitIya adhikAra meM 159 zlokoM meM azubhasvapnoM kA vicAra kiyA hai| svapnoM se zakuna evaM bhaviSya kA jJAna kiyA jAtA hai / 4 sAmudrikatilaka - isakA apara nAma 'puruSa-strIlakSaNa' hai / durlabharAja apane jIvanakAla meM isa racanA ko pUrNa nahIM kara sakA, ata: usake putra jagadeva ne isakA zeSa aMza pUrA kiyA / isameM 800 AryAeM haiM aura pAMca adhikAra haiM jinameM kramaza: 298, 99, 46, 188 aura 149 padya haiN| isa graMtha meM vistAra se puruSa aura strI ke lakSaNa batAye gaye haiM / prathama adhikAra meM pAdatala se sira ke bAlataka aMga-pratyaMgoM kA varNana aura unakA zubhAzubha vicAra hai / dvitIya adhikAra meM kSetroM kI saMhati, sAra Adi ATha prakAra aura puruSa ke battIsa lakSaNa haiN| tRtIya adhikAra meM Avarta, gati, chAyA, svara Adi viSayoM kA varNana hai| caturtha adhikAra meM striyoM ke vyaJjana (lakSaNa), striyoM kI bAraha prakRtiyAM ( deva Adi), padminI Adi ke lakSaNa batAye haiM / [ 91 ]

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anta meM dasa padyoM meM granthakAra kI prazasti hai / isase jJAta hotA hai ki isakI racanA kavi jagadeva ne kI hai| saMbhavataH pUrNa kiyA hai) / yaha grantha aprakAzita hai| hemacaMdrasUri yA hemacandrAcArya (12vIM zatI) jaina vidvAnoM kI paramparA meM AcArya hemacaMdra kA sthAna atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai| inakA samaya 1092-1173 I. mAnA jAtA hai| yaha zvetAMbara jaina AcArya the| inakI adbhuta pratibhA, vilakSaNa prajJA aura vistRta sAhitya-sRSTi ke kAraNa inako 'kalikAlasarvajJa' kahA jAtA hai / yaha gurjaradeza gujarAta) ke cAlukyavaMzI nareza siddharAja jayasiMha (1084 se 1142 I.) ke samakAlIna the aura unake dvArA rAjyasammAnita hue the / unake putra evaM uttarAdhikArI rAjA kumArapAla (1143 se 1174 I.) ke bhI yaha samakAlIna rahe / kumArapAla ke mukhya paripoSaka aura upadezaka the| nighaNTazeSa AcArya hemacaMdra kI AyurvedIya auSadhi-vRkSoM aura paudhoM para yaha uttama racanA hai| yaha koza hai| isameM vanauSadhiyoM ke nAma-paryAya diye gaye haiM aura 6 kAMDa haiM1. vRkSakANDa-183 zloka 4. zAkakANDa-34 zloka 2. gulmakANDa-104 zloka 5. tRNakANDa - 17 zloka 3. latAkANDa - 45 zloka 6. dhAnyakANDa-15 zloka anta meM puSpikA hai - 'ityAcAryahemacaMdra viracite 'nighaMTuzeSe' dhAnyakAMDa SaSTa: samAptaH iti 'nighaMTuzeSe' granthaH zrIrastu kalyANamastu / ' isameM rudrAkSa, putrajIva, cANakyamUlaka, yAvanAla Adi dravyoM kA ullekha bhI huA hai| isa koza kI racanA ke saMbaMdha meM AcArya ne spaSTa kiyA hai 'vihitaikArtha--nAnArtha-dezyazabdasamuccayaH / nighaNTuzeSaM vakSye'haM natvA'haM tpadapaGkajam / / ' arthAt 'ekArthakoza (abhidhAnacitAmaNi), nAnArthakoSa (anekArthasaMgraha) aura dezyakoza (dezInAmamAlA) kI racanA karane ke bAda arhat-tIrthaMkara ke caraNakamala ko namaskAra kara isa 'nighaNTuzeSa' nAmaka koza ko karUgA / nighaNTuzeSa vanaspatikoza-grantha hai| 'nighaNTu' zabda kA artha vaidika zabdoM kA saMgraha hai| vanaspatiyoM ke nAma-saMgraha kI paraMparA bhI bhArata meM prAcInakAla se pracalita rahI / "nighaNTuzeSa' bhI isI krama kI eka kRti hai| amarakoza meM 'vanauSadhivarga' pRthak se diyA hai| [ 92 ]

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'nighaNTuzeSa' para 17vIM zatI meM kharataragacchIya zrIvallabhagaNi ne 'TIkA' likhI hai | yaha grantha TIkA sahita san 1968 meM lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI saMskRti vidyAmaMdira, ahamadAbAda se prakAzita huA hai / mudrita prati meM chaH kAMDoM kI zloka saMkhyA kramazaH 181, 05, 44, 34, 17, 15; kula 396 zloka haiM / Ayurveda kI dRSTi se yaha upayogI graMtha hai / AcArya hemacaMdra kA sAhitya bahuta vizAla hai / inakI vyAkaraNa, koza, sAhitya aura yoga para vistRta racanAeM milatI haiN| gujarAta ke solaMkI rAjA siddharAja jayasiMha kI prArthanA para vi. saM. 1145 ke lagabhaga apane va rAjA ke nAma ko saMyukta karate hue 'siddha hemacandra zabdAnuzAsana' nAmaka vyAkaraNa kI karIba savAlAkha pramANa zlokoM meM racanA kI thI / zabdAnuzAsana (vyAkaraNa) kI sarvAMgapUrNa racanA karane ke bAda inhoMne kozagraMthoM kI racanA kI / 'abhidhAnaciMtAmaNi nAmamAlA' ke prAraMbha meM likhA hai 'praNipatyArhataH siddhasAGgazabdAnuzAsanaH | rUDha - yaugika- mizrANAM nAmnA mAlAM tanomyaham / / 1 / / vidvAnoM kI mAnyatA ke anusAra AcArya hemacaMdra ne pahale siddhahemacaMdra zabdAnuzAsana (vyAkaraNa), usake bAda 'kAvyAnuzAsana' ( sAhitya - alaMkAra) aura usake bAda 'abhidhAnaciMtAmaNinAmamAlA' ( koza ) kI racanA kI thI / AcArya hemacaMdra dvArA viracita koza graMtha cAra prakAra ke haiM- - 1. ekArtha, 2. anekArtha, 3. dezya, 4. nirghaNTa ( nighaNTa ) | 'prabhAvaka - carita' me 'hemacaMdrasUriprabaMdha' meM likhA hai 'ekArthAnekArthA dezyA nirghaNTa iti ca catvAraH / vihitAzca nAmakozA bhuvi kavitA naTayupAdhyAyAH // 8331' 1. abhidhAnacintAmaNiratnamAlA - yaha amarakoza kI zailI para ekArthaka ( eka hI artha ko batAne vAle ) zabdoM kA koza hai / isameM 6 kAMDoM meM rUr3ha, yaugika aura mizra nAmoM kA saMgraha hai / kula 1541 zloka haiM / isameM vAcaspati, halAyudha, amara, yAdavaprakAza vaijayantI kozoM ke pramANa diye haiM / amarakoza ke aneka zloka udghRta haiM / amarakoza se yaha zabda saMkhyA meM Der3ha gunA bar3A hai / isa para svayaM AcArya hemacaMdra ne 'tatvAbhidhAyinI' nAma se svopajJavRtti likhI hai, isameM 'zeSa sagraha' meM atirikta zabdoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / vRtisahita isa koza kI zloka saMkhyA lagabhaga sAr3he ATha hajAra hai / isameM 'vyADi' ke koza se bhI pramANa diye haiM / 2. anekArthasaMgraha - isa koza meM eka zabda ke aneka artha batAye gaye haiM / isameM sAta kAMDa haiM / isakI racanA 'a. ci. ra. mAlA' ke bAda huI thI, aisA isake prathama padya se sUcita hotA hai / isa para AcArya hemacaMdra ke ziSya AcArya mahendrasUri ne 13vIM zatI [ 93 ]

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ke Arambha meM 'anekArtha-kairavAkara-kaumudI' nAmaka TIkA likhI hai| isa TIkA meM aneka kozoM ko uddhRta kiyA gayA hai-vizvaprakAza, zAzvata, rabhasa, amarasiMha, maMkha, hugga, vyADi, dhanapAla, bhAguri, vAcaspati, yAdava kI racanAeM, dhanvantarikRta nighaNTu aura liMgAnuzAsana / 3. dezIzabdasaMgraha - ise 'dezInAmamAlA' yA 'rayaNAvalI' (ratnAvalI) kahate haiN| yaha dezya (dezI) zabdoM kA koza hai| aisA koza aba taka nahIM racA gayA / isameM kula 783 gAthAeM haiM aura kula 8 varga haiN| isameM ekArtha aura anekArtha zabdoM kA AkhyAna hai| isa ke pUrva hI kucha dezI zabdakoza likhe gaye the| prArambha kI dUsarI gAthA meM batAyA gayA hai ki pAdaliptAcArya Adi dvArA viracita dezI kozoM ke hote hue bhI kisa prayojana se isa graMtha ko likhA hai| tIsarI gAthA meM likhA hai- 'jo zabda saMskRtavyAkaraNoM ke niyamoM se siddha nahIM hote, na saMskRta kozoM meM milate haiM aura na alakArazAstra meM prasiddha gauDI lakSaNAzakti se abhISTa artha milate haiM, unako dezI mAnakara isa koza meM nibaddha kiyA gayA hai 'je lakkhaNe Na siddhA Na pasiddhA sakkayAhihANesu / Na ya gauDalakkhaNAsattisaMbhavA te iha NibaddhA / / 3 / / 4. nighaNTuzeSa--meM una vanaspati-nAmoM kA saMgraha jo 'abhidhAnaciMtAmaNi' meM nivaddha nahIM kiye gaye haiN| ___ AcArya hemacaMdra ne chaMdazAstra para 'chandonuzAsana' aura yogazAstra para 'yogazAstraTIkA sahita' bhI graMtha likhe haiN| anya grantha bhI milate haiN| guNAkara (1239 I.) yaha siddhaghaTIya zvetAmbara sAdhu yA bhikSu the| inhoMne nAgArjuna kRta 'yogaratnamAlA' yA 'AzcaryaratnamAlA' para 'vivRti' yA 'laghuvivRti' nAmaka TIkA likhI hai / / isakI antima puSpikA meM likhA hai - ___'iti 'zrI siddhaghaTIya' zvetAmbara paNDita 'zrI guNAkara' viracitA 'zrInAgArjuna' praNIta 'yogaratnamAlA laghuvivRtiH' samAptimagamata / ' isakI racanA vi. saM. 1296 (1239 3.) meM kI gaI thii| isase pUrva bhI isa grantha para aneka bar3I TokAeM vidyamAna thiiN| 1 'yogaratnamAlA' sahita yaha TIkA (vivRti) prAcArya priyavrata zarmA dvArA saMpAdita hokara caukhambhA proriyaMTAliyA, vArANasI se san 1977 meM prakAzita huI hai| [ 94 ]

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'zrInapavikrama samaye dvAdazanavaSabhira kite varSe / racitA 'guNAka reNa' zvetAmbara bhikSuNA 'vivRtiH / / ' AtmasmaraNAya mayA vivRtA nAgArjunapraNIteyam / AzcaryaratnamAlA agretanavRddhaTIkAtaH / / isa TIkA kI eka prAcIna hastaprati saMvat 1701 (1645 I) kI bhAMDArakara risarca inTITyUTa, pUnA (grathAMka 175) meM hai / vijayarakSita te mAdhavanidAna kI madhukoSa TIkA meM guNAkara ko uddhRta kiyA hai, DA. e Ara. harnale ne vijaya rakSita kA kAla 1240 I. mAnA hai / jo sahI nahIM hai / isase spaSTa hotA hai ki guNAkara Ayurveda vanaspati zAstra aura taMtravidyA ke prakAMDa paNDita the| inhoMne 'yogaratnamAlA' kI TIkA meM aneka tAMtrika zabdoM aura prayogoM kA spaSTIkaraNa bar3I khUbI se kiyA hai| isase unakA isa vidyA meM pratyakSa anubhava siddha hotA hai| taMtravidyA bhArata meM paramparA se pracalita rahI thii| 'vivRti' me guNAkara ne 'nighaNTu' (koza, dravyaguNa) ko tIna sthaloM para uddhRta kiyA hai (zloka saM. 11, 34 evaM 43) / ye gujarAta, vizeSataH saurASTra kSetra ke nivAsI the| TIkA meM madhuyaSTIkA 'jeThImadhu , rasAMjana kA 'rasavata', snuhIkA 'thoharI', govatsA kA 'gojIbhI', aMgArikA' kA 'koilA' tathA bhUnAga kA aNasalA' gujarAtI paryAya diye haiN| eka sthAna (zloka 81) para bhUnAga ke lie likhA hai- 'bhUnAgo varSAkAlodbhavo jIvavizeSaH, saurASTradezabhASayA aNasalA iti prasiddha : / ' ___ inhoMne 'Azcarya ratnamAlA' para gujarAtI meM 'amRtaratnAvalI' nAmaka TIkA likhI thii| isako hastaprati bhAMDArakara risarca insTITyUTa, pUnA meM maujUda hai (grathAMka 174, 5:4/1892-95) / isakA racanAkAla bhI 1296 (1239 I.) diyA gayA hai| yaha TIkA adhika prasiddha nahIM ho skii| isa TIkA kA atima aMza dekhie --- "athAdazIkaraNa kRSNa dhatUrAne zanivAreM baMdhana karonUha tarIye raviva'reM sUryodayeM lIjaiM nagnathaIne pache te dhatUra kASTha sAta AdityavAraparyanta trivaTeM covaTAni bhUmi mAM DaTII pache sAta meM ravivAre ti hAthIM lI, leIne kRSNacaudasinI madhya nizAyeM zmazAnanA valithI bAlIne rakSA kIjeM pache te rakSA prathamaprasUtA syAMmA gAyanI ghImadhye mathIne netrAMjana kIjeM to addazyakaraNa puruSa hoyeM satyameva thAiM iNi prakAra nAgArjunAcAryeNa prarUpItA Azcarya 1 mAdhavanidAna' a. 5 zlo. 35 para 'madhukoSa' meM 'kukSerATopo 'guDaguDAzabda iticakraH, 'tanatanI' iti guNAkara, 'rujApUrvakaH kSobhaH' iti gadAdharaH / ' . A. F. Hoernle, Studies in the Medicine of Ancient India, part I, Section I, Introduction. [ 95 ]

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yogamAlA / emapeM mahAmaMtravidyA-sAdhana taMtraprayoga sarva satyakarIne laghyA ch| evastu agopya agocarathI rASavI koIne deSADavI nhiiN| iti zreya / ' guNAkara ko hemacaMdrasUri kA praziSya kahA jAtA hai| dinezacandra bhaTTAcArya ne vijayarakSita dvArA uddhRta guNAkara se yogaratnamAlA kI vivRti likhane vAle guNAkara ko bhinna mAnA hai / prathama guNAkara vaidya aura AyurvedajJa the, jabaki dvitIya guNAkara tAMtrika the / parantu yaha vicAra yuktisaMgata nahIM hai ; 'vivRti' meM guNAkara ne AyurvedIya vanaspatiyoM aura oSadhiyoM kI gaMbhIratA aura bArIkI se vyAkhyA kI hai / ata: unakA AyurvedajJa honA pramANita hotA hai| nizcalakarane cakradatta para apanI TIkA meM guNAkarakRta 'carakasaMhitA-TIkA' (vRtti) kA ullekha kiyA hai| yaha 'vRtti' aba nahIM miltii| AzAdhara (1240 I.) saMskRta ke jainavidvAnoM meM AzAdhara agraNI haiN| yaha pratibhAsaMpanna, vidvAn aura vipula sAhitya ke praNetA ke rUpa meM jaina sAhityAkAza meM jagamagAte nakSatra haiN| inakA kAvya, darzana, yoga, sAhitya, vyAkaraNa, nyAya, alaMkAra, vaidyaka Adi viSayoM para adhikAra thA / inako 'kalikAlidAsa' nAma se jAnA jAtA hai / inake granyoM triSaSTismRti, jinayajJakalpa Adi) meM inhoMne apanA paricaya nimna prazasti meM diyA hai - zrImAna sta 'sapAdalakSaviSaya:' 'zAkambharIbhUSaNa - statra zrI ratidhAma maNDalakaraM nAmAsti durga mahat / zrIratnyAmudapAdi tatra 'vimalavyAghra ravAlAnvayAcchIsallakSaNato jinendrasamayazraddhAlurAzAdhara : / / 1 / / sarasvatyAmivAtmAnaM sarasvatyAmajIjanad / yaH putraH chAhaDaM guNyaM raMjitArjuna bhUpatim / / 2 / / vyAghra ravAlavaMzamarojahaMsaH kAvyAmRto gharasapAnasutRptagAtra: sallakSaNasya tanayo na yavizvacakSurAzAdharo vijayatAM kalikAlidAsa: / / 3 / / mlecchezena sapAdalakSaviSaye vyApte suvRttakSati - trAsAdvindhyanarendradoH parimalasphUrjastrivagauvasa / prApto 'mAlavamaMDale bahuparIvAraH purImAvasan yo dhArAmapaThajjinapramitivAkzAstre mahAvIrataH / / 5 / / / priyavrata zarmA, prAyurveda kA vaijJAnika itihAsa, pR. 213 . D. C. Bhattacharya, New Light on Vaidyaka Literature, Indian Historical Quarterly, Vol. XXIII, No.1, March. 1947, PP. 123-155. [ 96 ]

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zrImadarjunabhUpAlarAjye zrAvakasaMkule / jinadharmodayArtha yo nalakacchapure'vasat / / 8 / / isase jJAta hotA hai ki AzAdhara sapAdalakSa (savAlakhA=madhyarAjasthAna) ke zAkaMbharI rAjya (cauhAnoM ke rAjya) ke antargata 'maMDalakara durga' (mAMDalagar3ha, jilA bhIlavAr3A) ke nivAsI the / jaba gajanI ke zAsaka mohammada gorI ne I. 1193 meM ajamera prAnta para adhikAra kara liyA to musalamAnoM ke atyAcAroM se rakSA karane ke lie aneka parivAroM ke sAtha AzAdhara kA parivAra bhI vahAM se dhArA nagarI (mAlavA) meM Akara rahane lgaa| ye vyAghra ravAla ( bagheravAla) jAti ke digambara jaina vaizyazrAvaka the / inake pitA kA nAma sallakSaNa mAtA kA nAma ratanI, patnI kA nAma sarasvatI aura putra kA nAma chAhar3a thA / dhArA meM inhoMne vyAkaraNa aura nyAyazAstra kA adhyayana kiyaa| kucha samaya bAda dhArA ke pAsa bIsa mIla dUra 'nalakacchapura' (nAlachA) meM Akara basa gaye aura AjIvana vahIM rahe / AzAdhara kI racanAoM meM mAlavA (dhArA) ke rAjA viMdhyavarmA, arjunavarmA, devapAla aura jaitugideva kA ullekha milatA hai, jinake dvArA unheM sammAna prApta huA thaa| AzAdhara jainamuni nahIM the / gRhastha rahate hue bhI ye saMsAra se uparata rahe / nAthUrAma premI ne inakA janmakAla saM 1.35 ke lagabhaga siddha kiyA hai| inakI saba racanAeM saM. 1260 se 1300 ke bIca kI milatI haiN| inakA upalabdha antima grantha 'anagAra-dharmAmRtaTIkA' vi.saM 1300 kA hai / AzAdhara ke 20 se bhI adhika grantha milate haiM, jo adhikAMza jaina siddhAMta, dharma, nyAya, vyAkaraNa para haiN| inake eka vaidyaka grantha kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| vAgbhaTa ke prasiddha gantha 'aSTAMgahRdaya' para AzAdhara ne 'udyotinI' yA 'aSTAMgahRdayodyotinI' nAmaka TIkA saMskRta meM likhI thI / yaha grantha aba aprApya hai / svayaM AzAdhara ne apanI eka anya grantha-prazasti meM likhA hai 'AyurvedavidAmiSTaM vyaktu vAgbhaTasa hitAm / aSTAMgahRdayodyotaM nibandhamasRjacca yaH / / 1911 pITarsana ne apanI sUcI meM AzAdhara ke granthoM meM aura AphekTa ne apane kaiTelaoNgasa keTelogorama meM isa grantha kA ullekha to kiyA hai, paraMtu kisI hastalikhita prati kA saMdarbha nahIM diyA hai / aSTAgahRdaya para hemAdri lagabhaga 1260 I.) ke pUrva bAzAdhara ne 1 pITarsana, riporTa 3, epeNDiksa, pR. 330, aura riporTa 4, pR. 26 nAthUrAmapremI, jainasAhitya aura itihAsa, pR. 133-- . Catalogus Catalogorum, Part I, P. 36 [ 97 ]

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TIkA likhI thI / nizcita hI yaha eka mahatvapUrNa grantha rahA hogaa| yadi isakI kahIM koI prati milajAya to aSTAMgahRdaya ke vyAkhyAsAhitya meM usase mahatvapUrNa vRddhi hogii| isa TIkA kA ullekha harizAstrI parAr3akara aura pI. ke. gor3e ne bhI kiyA hai / yaha TIkA-grantha lagabhaga vi.sa. 1296 (I. 1240) meM likhA gayA thaa| haMsadeva (13vIM zatI) yaha dakSiNa ke jaina kavi (? yati ) the| inakA kAla 13vIM zatI mAnA jAtA hai| inhoMne pazu-pakSiyoM ke sambandha meM vistAra se 'mRga-pakSizAstra' kI racanA kI hai| paM.vI. vijayarAghavAcArya. purAtatvajJa, tirupati (madrAsa) ko isakI hastalikhita prati prApta huI thii| ise unhoMne trAvanakora ke mahArAjA ko bheMTa kiyaa| mUla grantha aprakAzita hai / sundarAcArya ne 1925 meM isakA agrejI anuvAda prakAzita kiyA hai / - isameM pazu-pakSiyoM ke 36 varga vaNita haiN| pratyeka ke kramazaH rUpa-raMga, bheda, svabhAva, bAlyAvasthA saMbhogakAla, garbhadhAraNa-kAla, khAna-pAna, Ayu aura anya vizeSatAeM vistAra se kahI gayI haiM / yaha batAyA gayA hai ki pazu-pakSiyoM meM satvaguNa nahIM hotA, kevala rajoguNa aura tamoguNa hI hote haiM / isI AdhAra para unake tIna bheda batAye gaye haiM - uttama, madhyama aura adhama / uttama rAjasa guNa vAle pazu-pakSI-siMha, hAthI, ghor3A gAya, baila. haMsa, sArasa, koyala, kabUtara Adi; madhyama rAjasaguNavAle pazu-pakSI -cItA, bakarA, mRga, bAja Adi; adhamarAjasa guNavAle pazupakSI rIcha, geMDA, bhaisa Adi haiM / isI prakAra uttama tAmasaguNavAle- pazu-pakSI-UMTa, bher3a, kuttA, muragA Adi; madhyama tAmasa guNavAle siddha, tItara Adi tathA adhama tAmasa guNavAle gadhA, sUara, bandara, gIdar3a, billI, cUhA, kauA Adi hote haiM / pazu pakSiyoM kA yaha vargIkaraNa bahuta rocaka aura maulika hai| pazu-pakSiyoM kA AyumAna bhI batAyA gayA hai| hAthI kI umra sabase adhika 100 varSa tathA kharagoza kI sabase kama 11 varSa hotI hai / geMDA 22, UMTa 30, ghoDA 25, siMha-bhaiMsa-gAya-baila Adi 20, cItA 6, gadhA 12, bandara- kuttA-sUara 10, bakarA9, haMsa 7, mora 6, kabUtara 3, cUhA aura kharagoza 11 varSa Ayu vAle hote haiM / isameM lagabhaga 225 pazu-pakSiyoM kA varNana hai / grantha ke do bhAga haiN| pahale bhAga meM pazuoM kA aura dUsare bhAga meM pakSiyoM kA varNana hai / pratyeka kisma ke pazu yA pakSI ke bheda aura svarUpAdigata vizeSatA bhI batAyI hai| jaise siMha ke chaH prakAra batAye haiM - 1 harizAstrI parADakara, aSTAMgahRdaya, upoddhAta (nirNayasAgara, baMbaI), pR. 26 3 pI. ke. goDe, aSTAMgahRdaya, (baMbaI 1939 ), iMTroDakzana, pR. 6 3 janasAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 5, pu. 228 [ 98 ]

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siMha, mRgendra, paMcAsya, haryakSa, kesarI aura hari / 'siMha' kI gardana ke bAla ghane, sunaharI hote haiM aura gati bahuta teja hotI hai / 'mRgendra' kI AMkheM sunaharI, mUche bar3I, zarIra para kaI taraha ke cakatte hote haiM aura gati dhImI-gaMbhIra hotI hai / 'paMcAsya' chalAMga lagAkara calatA hai, jIbha muha se bAhara laTakatI rahatI hai, bahuta nidrAlu hotA hai / 'hayakSa' prAyaH pasIne se tara rahatA hai / 'kesarI' lAlaraMga aura dhAriyoM se yukta rahatA hai / 'hAra' zarIra meM bahuta choTA hotA hai| pazuoM ke pAlana aura saMrakSaNa kI vidhi va upAya bhI vaNita haiN| gAya kI rakSA se puNya honA batAyA hai| pakSiyoM ko catura aura jagala va ghara kA zRgAra batAyA gayA hai| ye pazu va pakSI manuSya ke sahAyaka haiM / inake dvArA aMDoM ko phoDane ke samaya ko jJAta karanA adbhuta hai| __pakSiyoM meM haMsa, cakravAka, sArasa, garur3a, kauA, bagulA; totA, mora, kabUtara Adi ke bheda va svarUpa kA sundara varNana hai / RSiyoM ne kahA hai ki pakSiyoM ko prema se nahIM pAlane vAle vyaktiyoM ko pRthvI para nahIM rahanA cAhie / apane viSaya kA yaha bejor3a grantha hai / isameM pazu-pakSiyoM kA vargIkaraNa, bheda, svabhAva, khAna-pAna, vizeSatAeM Adi viSayoM para sUkSmatA se vicAra kiyA gayA hai / yaha 1700 anuSTupa chadoM meM pUrA huA hai / aisA varNana anyatra dekhane ko nahIM milatA / lekhaka kA isa varNana se ina pazupakSiyoM se nikaTa dIrghakAlIna samparka, nirIkSaNa aura sUjha-bUjha kA paricaya milatA hai| pazu-pakSiyoM ke pAlana ke lAbha bhI batAye gaye haiN| campaka (13vIM zatI) yaha jaina vidvAn thaa| isake dvArA viracita 'rasAdhyAya' nAmaka grantha milatA hai|1 yaha acalagacchIya gacchanAyaka mahendraprabhasUri kA ziSya thA / grantha ke anta meM apanA vaMza-paricaya diyA hai| isase jJAta hotA hai ki 'yAdavavaMza' ke 'rAvala mUjAladeva' kA putra 'mahipa' huA, usakA putra 'bhAdiga' nAmaka huaa| usake do putra 'campaka' aura 'manAgajAkokila' hue| campaka ne isa grantha kI racanA kI / 'khyAtastathA yAdavavaMzaratna-mUjAladevAbhidha rAulo'bhUt / tadAtmajanmA mahipAbhidhAnastasyAtmajo bhAdiganAmadheyaH / / 79 / / tadAtmajazcampakanAmadheyo rasajJageyojjvalakAntikItiH / paropakAraka rasa: kalAvAn 'bhanAgajAkaukila' yasya bandhU / / 880 / 1 'kaMkAlayarasAdhyAga' para merutuga janasAdhu ne 1386 I. meM TIkA likhI hai| (jaulI, iNDiyana meDisina, pR. 5, evaM 13) [ 99 1

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tathA ca-'zrImAnaMcalagacchanAyakagururnAmnA mahendraprabhaH / sUrIndraH kSitimaNDale vijayate yo geya kitiH sadA / / isake bAda grantha khaMDita hai| isake racanAkAla aura racanAsthAna Adi ke bAre meM kucha patA nhiiN| campaka rasavidyAnipuNa, ujjala kIrtivAna, yazasvI aura nityaparopakAra meM tallIna rahane vAlA-aisA usakI prazasti se jJAta hotA hai| grantha ke prArambha meM 'ahaMtoM' (jinoM = tIrthaGkaroM) ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| yaha svataMtra racanA na hokara prathakAra ke anusAra 'kaMkAlAdhyAya' kA 'vAttika' hai| likhA hai "siddhiH zrInAmato yeSAM bhavetsarvepsitaM zriyAm / natvA tAnahataH kurve 'kaMkAlAdhyAyavAttikam / / / / ' punaH kahA hai-'athA'dhyAyaM samAyAtaM 'zrIkaMkAla yayoginaH / vadAmi vyajito yatra yuktibhiH zRMkhalArasaH / / 12 / ' 'rasAdhyAya' meM batAyA hai ki 'kaMkAla' (kaMkAlaya) yogI rasakarma, guTikA aura aMjanoM kA acchA jJAtA thaa| usane apane ziSya ko rasavidyA kA marma samajhAyA thaa| kaMkAlaya ke ziSya ne apane aura dUsaroM ke upakAra ke lie 21 adhikAroM (prakaraNoM) vAle 'rasAdhyAya' graMtha ko bnaayaa| 'rasaguTyaMjanAbhijJaH 'zrIkaMkAlayayogyabhUt / tena svaziSya zikSArtha 'rasatavaM' niveditam / / 8 / / 'zrIkaMkAlaya ziSyo'pi' svAnyopakRtaye kRtii| ekaviMzatyadhIkAraM 'rasAdhyAyaM nibaddhavAn / / 9 / / isa prakAra spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki campaka' ne rasavidyA para kaMkAlayayogI ke ziSya dvArA racita 'rasAdhyAya' para apanA 'vArtika' likhA thaa| unhoMne spaSTa likhA hai ki maiMne kucha guruoM se sunakara, kucha rasamarmajJoM ke samparka se aura kucha apane anubhava se isa graMtha kI vivecanA kI hai -- gurubhyaH kiMcidAkarNya tajjJaH saMsRjya kiMcana / kiMcidapyanubhUyAsau graMtho viviyate mayA // 2 // ' rasa-kriyAeM bahuta jaTila hotI haiN| sAkSAt guru ke kahane se hI dhAtuvAda siddha nahIM hotA jaba taka do tIna bAra guru ke pAsa usakI kriyA-vidhi dekhI nahIM jAya / isalie sunakara, dekhakara, dhana kharca kara, guru ko kisI bhI prakAra prasannakara yogoM kI siddhi karanI caahie| binA guru ke dhAtuvAda meM parizrama karanA vyartha hai 'prokto'pi guruNA sAkSAd dhAtuvAdo na siddha yati / yAvanna dRzyate dvistrigurupA kriyAvidhiH / / 3 / / [ 100 ]

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yasmAttasmAdapi zrutvA yatra kutrApi vIkSya ca / dravyavyayaM prakurvanto mudhA tAmyaMti bAlizA: / prasannIbhUya cetsavaM darzayetkarma sadguruH / / lIlayApi tadA sarve yogA: visaMzayam / / / / tato'tra vyaktamukte'pi pranthArtha mulyanizcayam / gurUnapekSya no kAryo dhAtuvAde parizramaH / / 6 / / kisI bhI rasakarma ko prArambha karane se pUrva eka mAsa taka brahmacarya kA pAlana aura haviSyAnna kA bhojana karanA cAhie / brahmacaryarUpI tapa ke naSTa ho jAne se kriyAboM kA phala nahIM milatA 'brahmacarya tapaHkArya haviSyAnnasya bhojanam / kriyAbhraSTe na siddha -yanti taponaSTe phalanti na || 1' 'rasAdhyAya' kA 'vArtika' vastutaH mUla 'rasAdhyAya' kA apane adhIta, dRSTa evaM anubhUta jJAna se saMzodhita, vivecita kara prastuta upalabdha rasAdhyAya ke rUpa meM prakaTa huA hai| ataH mUla 'rasAdhyAya' kA patA nahIM calatA / isameM 'rasa' viSayaka jJAna zRMkhalAbaddha-rUpa meM abhivyakta kiyA gayA hai ('vadAmi vyajito yatra yuktibhiH shRNkhlaarsH| 12 jo isa prakAra hai-rasa kA zodhana, zodhita rasa kA mUrcchana-utthApana, phira pAtana, punaH utthApana, svedana, niyAmana, nirodhana, vakraprasAraNa, abhrakajAraNa, lohajAraNa, ayaHprakAzarAjijAraNa, hemarA jijAraNa, gaMdhakajAraNa, manaHzilAsatvajAraNa, khAparasatvajAraNa, annapathahIraka jAraNa, jIrNavajra (hIre) kA baMdha, sAraNa, mAraNa, kAmaNa, punaH baMdha aura baMdha kA udghATana / isa prakAra kramazaH rasakarma kiyA jAtA hai / merutuga ne 'rasAdhyAya' para ! 386 I. meM TIkA likhI thI / ataH yaha isase pahale kI racanA hai / saMbhavata 13vIM zatI kI / isameM kula 11 adhyAya (adhikAra) haiM - / pArada ke aSTAdaza saMskAra, 2 rAjisvarUpa hemarAji, ghoSarAji, mAkSikarAji, nAgarAji, 3 khApara satvapAtanavidhi, 4 mana:zilAsatvapAtanavidhi, 5 SaDlohadrutikaraNavidhi, 6 SaDlohamAraNavidhi,7-8 hIrakabhasmavidhi, 9 gandhakazodhana, 10gandhakapIThI, 11 gandhakataila, 12 hemakarma, 13 sahasravedharavidhi 14 gandhakadrutipIThI, 15 gandhakadrutipIThIkarma, 16 tAlaka kA zodhana, evaM 17.tAlaka-karma, 18 abhrakadruti, 19 abhrakadrutikarma, 20 hema-vaja-bhasma, bhUnAgasatvapAtana aura unake karma, 21 baalvaadiniiguttikaa| ___ isa grantha meM 'pArada ke kama' 84 prakAra ke, guTikAoM ke 84 prakAra aura 84 prakAra ke 'aMjana'; kula 252 bheda batAye haiM / inameM se kisI eka kA sAdhana karane se pUrva evaM phala kI prApti ke aMta meM akhaNDita tapa karanA caahie| sAdhana karanA prAraMbha karane eka mAha pUrva se brahmacarya bhUmi para sonA, haviSyAMnna (dUdha-bhAta yA khIra) kA [ 101 ]

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bhojana karanA caahie| sAdhana-kAla meM bhI inakA pAlana kre| rasAdi tapaHsAdhya haiM, aura tapovidhiyoM se ye siddha hote haiM / tapohIna sAdhaka phira bhAgya ko doSa dete haiN| (zloka 358-362) / kaMkAlayayogI ke ukta 252 prakAra ke yoga siddha the| yahAM kaMkAlayayogI kI guTikAoM meM se kevala eka 'jJAna phalA guTikA' kA nirmANa prakAra batAyA hai, isake dhAraNa karane se trikAla jJAna utpanna hotA hai - 'vaatoktaa guTikAstena zrIkaMkAlayayoginA / guTiM jJAnaphalAM vakSye dvipaMcAzatsuvallikA / / 36 3 / / ' phala dekheM- aharnizaM mukhe dhAryA mAsamekaM niraMtaram / mAse vIte ca sA pRSTA jJAnaM vakti trikAlajam / / 376 / / isa vaTI kA prabhAva atyaMta AzcaryakAraka hai-'guTikAyAH prabhAvo'yamatIvAzcaryakArakaH / ' isa grantha meM kula 380 padya haiM / yaha graMtha AcArya yAdavajI se hastalikhita prApta kara paM. rAmakRSNa zarmAkRta saMskRta TIkA sahita 'kAzIsaMskRta sIrija' meM caukhambA, banArasa se saM. 1986 meM prakAzata ho cukA hai| yazaHkIti muni (13vIM zatI) / yaza:kIrti muni ke saMbaMdha meM kAla, sthAna, granthoM Adi kA vizeSa paricaya nahIM miltaa| inake dvArA viracita eka vaidyaka grantha 'jagatsundarIprayogamaNimAlA' kI prAcIna hastalikhita prati 'yoniprAbhRta' ke sAtha milI huI bhAMDArakara o. ri. insTITyUTa pUnA me vidyamAna hai| isa prati kA lipikAlU vi. saM. 1582 (1525 I.) hai, ata: isakA racanAkAla nizcita hI pUrva kA honA siddha hotA hai / 'jagatsudarIprayogamaNimAlA' grantha prAkRta bhASA meM padyabaddha hai| madhya meM kahIM-kahIM saMskRta gadya kA aura kucha sthAnoM para prAcIna apabhraMza yA hindI kA prayoga huA hai| granthArambha meM racanAkAra yazaHkIrti kA nAmollekha huA hai 'jasa ittiNAmamuNiNA bhaNiyaM NAUNa kalisarUvaM ca / vAhigAhiu vi hu bhabbo jaha micchateNa saMgilai / / 13 / / ' isa grantha meM 43 adhikAra haiM aura lagabhaga 1500 gAthAeM haiN| paribhASAprakaraNa, jvarAdhikAra, prameha, mUtrakRcchra, atisAra, grahaNI, pANDu raktapitta Adi rogoM kI cikitsA kA varNana hai / aMta meM 15 yaMtra die haiM-1 vidyAdharavApIyaMtra, 2 vidyAdharIyaMtra, 3 vAyuyaMtra, 4 gaMgAyaMtra, 5 erAvaNayaMtra, 6 bhemaMDayaMtra, 7 rAjAbhyudayayaMtra, 8 gatapratyAgatayaMtra, 9 bANagaMgAyaMtra, 10 jaladurgabhayAnakayaMtra, 1 / urayAgase pakkhi. bha mahAyaMtra, 12 haMsazravAyaMtra, 13 vidyAdharInRtyayaMtra, 14 meghanAdabhramaNavartayaMtra, 15 paannddvaamliiyNtr| [ 102 ]

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rogoM ke nAzana hetu maMtra - prayoga die haiM / gaMDamAlA vidradhi aura visphoTakoM ke lie maMtra dekhie duSTavraNa, lUtAviSa, jAlagardabha, "OM namo bhagavate pArzvarudrAya caMdrahAsena khaDgena gardabhasya siraM chindaya chindaya, duSTavraNa hana hana, lUtAM hana hana jAlAgardabhaM hana hana, gaNDamAlAM hana hana, vidradhi hana hana, visphoTakasarvAn hana hana phaT svAhA / ' zd yaha grantha dhUliyA se esa. ke. koTecA ne prakAzita kiyA adhika raha gayI haiM / I isameM azuddhiyAM haripAla ( 1284 I.) inake viSaya meM vizeSa paricaya prApta nahIM hotA / inakA 'vaidyakazAstra' nAmaka graMtha upalabdha huA hai / yaha grantha 'prAkRtabhASA' meM padya ( gAthA ) baddha hai / ne guru- paramparA yA vaMza - paricaya Adi kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA hai / meM isakA racanAkAla vi. saM. 134 1 ( 124 I.) diyA hai / ataH 13vIM zatI kA uttarArdha pramANita hotA hai / isa grantha ziroroga Adi cikitsA - roganAzaka auSadhiyoga die gae haiM / kula 256 padya haiM / graMthAraMbha meM jinoM - tIrthaMkaroM ke lie namaskAra-vacana diyA hai. 'miUNa jiNo vijjo bhavamaNetrAhipheTTaNasamattho / puNa vijjayaM payAsami jaM bhaNiyaM putrasUrIhiM // 1 // gAhAbadhe virayami dehiNaM roya-NAsaNaM paramaM / 'harivAlo' jaM vullai taM sijjhai gurupasAeNa ||2|| isameM lekhaka graMtha ke anta inakA samaya rogoM para granthAMta meM batAyA hai ki isase pUrva haripAla ne 'yogasAra' kI racanA kI thI / aprApta hai / yaha graMtha 'haraDai vAti samaMjali teNa suNIreNa pakkhA lijjA / liMge vAhi pasAmai bhAsijjai 'joyasArehiM // 25511 'harivANa' ya raiyaM puvvavijjehiM jaM jji NiddiTTha | buhayaNa taM mahu khamiyahu hINahiye jaM ji kavvo ya 11256 / / vikkama - Naravai-kAle terasayAgayAiM eyAle ( 1341 ) / siya-posaTTami maMde 'vijjayasattho' ya puNNo ya // iti parA (prA) kRta vaidyaka ( zAstra ) samAptam / ' prAkRta kI vaidyaka kRti hone ke kAraNa isa graMtha kA bahuta mahatva hai / 1 jugalakizora mukhtAra, jaina grantha prazasti-saMgraha, bhAga 1, (dillI, 1954) pR. 221 [103]

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merutuMga (I. 1386) yaha jaina sAdhu the| inhoMne san 1386 meM eka prAcIna rasagrantha 'kaMkAlaya rasAdhyAya' para TIkA likhI hai| 'kaMkAlayarasAdhyAya' kI racanA 'caMpaka' nAmaka jaina vidvAn ne kI hai, jo aMcalagacchIya 'mahendraprabha' kA ziSya thaa| yaha graMtha kAzI saMskRta sIrija banArasa se chapa cukA hai| saMbhavataH isa grantha ko goMDala ke itihAsa meM 'rasAyanaprakaraNa' kahA gayA hai aura isakA racanAkAla san 1387 batAyA gayA hai / __ rasavidyA para nizcita tithi vAlA yahI grantha hai| 1386 meM merutuga ne TIkA likhI hai / ata: mUlagrantha kA racanAkAla isase pUrva kA pramANita hotA hai / _ mestuga ne saM. 1409 (1352 I.) meM 'kAmadevacarita' aura saM. 1413 (1356 I.) meM 'saMbhavanAthacarita' kI racanA kI hai / / siMha (1471 I.) _ 'siMha' raNathaMbhora ke zAsaka 'alAuddIna khilajI' dvArA, vahAM mukhyasaciva (maMtrI) pada para niyukta poravADa jAtIya zreSThI 'dhanarAja' kA putra thA / prasiddha muslima zAsaka alAuddIna khilajI kA zAsanakAla 1296 se 1316 I. hai, ataH yaha usakA samakAlIna nahIM ho sktaa| saMbhava hai, mAlavA ke khilajI vaMza kA yaha koI sulatAna ho, jo raNathaMbhora meM niyukta ho / siMha dvArA viracita vaidyakagraMtha kI hastaprati ke antima do patra agaracaMda nAhaTA ko prApta hue the| inameM 1099 se 1123 taka zloka likhe haiN| antima cAra padyoM meM graMthakAra ne prazasti dI hai| prazasti meM isa vaidyakakRti kA nAma 'nibandha' batAyA gayA hai - 'yAvanmerI kanakaM tiSThatu tAvannibandho'yam / / 1123 / / 1 Catalogus Catalogorurm, Part 2, P. 15 is 'The Oldest and definitely datable work of this kind (on Rasash astra) appears till now to be the commentary by Merutunga, a Jain, written in 1386 on Kankaliya Rasadhyaya which must naturally be older than the commentary J. Jolly, Indian Medicine, P.5 mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI. jaina sAhityano itihAsa (pra.saM., gujarAtI), pR. 438 dekheM, janasatyaprakAza, varSa 19, pR. 11 [ 104 ]

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upalabdha prati kA lekhanakAla 17vIM zatI hai / granthakAra ne prazasti meM apanA uparyukta vaMza - paricaya diyA hai 'khalacikulamahIpazrImadallAvadIna prabalabhujarakSe zrIraNastambhadurge / sakalasacivamukhya 'zrIdhanezasya' sUnuH samakuruta ' nibandhaM' siMhanAmA prabhuryaH / / 1121 // ' dhanarAja aura usake donoM putra siMha aura zrIpati kA ullekha kRSNarSigacchIya AcArya jayasiMhasUri dvArA likhita 'prabodhamAlA' kI prazasti meM bhI milatA hai / yaha graMtha mantrI dhanarAja ke lie likhA gayA thA / isameM usake donoM ko putroM ko kuladIpaka rAjamAnya, dAnI, guNI aura saMghanAyaka batAyA gayA hai / isa grantha kA racanAkAla vi. saM. 1528 ( zaka saM. 1393, I. 1471) mArgazIrSa kRSNA 5 diyA hai-- 'vasu-kara-zara-candre (1528) vatsare rAma-nanda jvalana zazi (1393) mite ca zrIzake mAsi mArge / asitadalatithI vA paJcamI. . ke'rke gurumazubha dine'sau .... ........1112211' isakI pUrNa prati anupalabdha hai / SONG HOPE .... ........... . ... pranantadeva sUri (14vIM - 15vIM zatI) inakA vizeSa paricaya nahIM milatA / inake dvArA racita 'rasacintAmaNi' nAmaka rasazAstra saMbaMdhI grantha milatA hai / yaha lagabhaga ke 'Ayurvedasaukhya' meM isako uddhRta kiyA hai / pUrva kA hai, saMbhavata 14vIM - 15vIM zatI kA | 900 zlokoM meM pUrA huA hai / ToDarAnaMda ataH isakA racanAkAla 16vIM zatI se isakI do hastalikhita pratiyAM bhAMDArakara insTITyUTa, pUnA granthAMka 192, 193 ) meM surakSita haiM / yaha grantha mudrita ho cukA hai| muralIdharakRta hindI anuvAda ke sAtha jIvarAma kalidAsa ne bambaI se 1911 I. meM chapAyA thA / hindI TIkA sahita veMkaTezvara presa, bambaI se saM. 1967 meM chapA thA / nAgadeva yA Thakkura jinadeva ( 14vIM - 15vIM zatI ke lagabhaga ) inakA likhA huA madanaparAjaya' nAmaka grantha milatA hai / grantha ke prArambha meM 1 dharamiriNa - vADUnAmnA strIyugalaM mantridhanarAjasya / prathamodarajI 'sIhA - zrIpati putrau ca vikhyAto // 10 // kuladIpako dvAvapi rAjamAnyo sudAtRtAlakSaNalakSitazayau / guNAkarau dvAvapi saMghanAyakau dhanAGgajau bhuvalayena nandatAm / / 11 / / [ 105 1

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inhoMne vaMzaparicaya isa prakAra diyA hai-caMgadeva kA putra haradeva, haradeva kA nAgadeva, nAgadeva ke do putra hue-hema aura raam| ye donoM hI acche 'vaidya' the| rAma kA putra priyaMkara, priyaMkara kA mallugita aura mallugita kA nAgadeva huaa| . isI nAgadeva ne 'madanaparAjaya' kI racanA kI hai| haradeva ne pahale 'madanaparAjaya' kI racanA apabhraMza ke paddhaDiyA aura raDDhA chaMdoM meM kI thii| usI kA saMskRta anuvAda kucha saMzodhana-parivardhana pUrvaka aneka chaMdoM meM nAgadeva ne kiyA / isa vaMza ke 'nAgadeva' aura usake donoMputroM' (hema aura rAma) ko vidvAn bhiSak (cikitsaka) batAyA gayA hai / grantha ke anta meM 'iti zrIThakkUra mAindasUta-jinadevaviracite smaraparAjaye' aisI puSpikA milatI hai / isase granthakAra kA sambandha spaSTa nahIM hotA / yaha khaMDa-rUpaka kAvya hai / grantha kI kathAvastu isa prakAra hai / rAjA kAmadeva, moha maMtrI aura ahaMkAra, ajJAna Adi senApatiyoM ke sAtha bhAvanagara meM rAjya karate haiN| cAritrapura ke rAjA jina rAja unake zatru haiM, jo muktirUpI kanyA se pANigrahaNa karanA cAhate haiM / kAmadeva ne rAga-dveSa nAmaka dUtoM ke sAtha rAjA jina rAja ke pAsa saMdeza bhejA ki yA to ve muktirUpI kanyA se vivAha kA vicAra tyAga deM aura apane subhaTa pradhAna darzana, jJAna, cAritra ko mujhe saupadeM, varanA yuddha ke lie taiyAra ho jaayeN| jinarAja se kAmadeva kA yuddha hotA hai aura kAmadeva ko parAjita honA par3atA hai / isa grantha kI saM. 1573 kI hastaprati maujUda hai, ataH isakA racanAkAla 14vIM-15vIM zatI honA caahie| 1 mAriNakyacaMdra jaina (14-15vIM zatI) ___ inake dvArA ra'cata 'rasAvatAra' nAmaka rasasaMbaMdhI graMtha milatA hai| isakI hasta* likhita prati vaidya yAdava jI trikamajI AcArya ke pAsa hai / bhADArakara oriyaMTala risarca insTITyUTa, pUnA ke granthAgAra meM granthAMka 37 (1882-83) para 'rasAvatAra' grantha maujUda hai| yaha prati devanAgarI meM hai, kahIM-kahIM pRSThamAtrAeM bhI aMkita haiN| ataH isa prati kA kAla bahuta prAcIna hai, saMbhavataH 14-15vIM zatI honA caahie| grantha meM 108 patra haiN| ataH vistRta racanA hai / isameM lekhaka kA nAma nahIM diyA hai| anUpa saMskRta lAibrerI, bIkAnera ke rAjendralAla mitrA ke keTalaoNga meM granthAka 143 / para bhI 'rasAvatAra' kA ullekha hai| mugala bAdazAha zAhajahAM ke kAla meM hue kavIndrAcArya (17vIM zatI pUrvArdha) kI sUcI meM bhI 'rasAvatAra' kA ullekha hai| ToDarAnanda (Ayurveda saukhya) (kAla 16vIM zatI) meM bhI 'rasAvatAra' ko uddhRta kiyA gayA hai / ataH rasAvatAra kA racanA kAla 14vIM 15vIM zatI pramANita hotA hai / 1 jaina granthaprazasti saMgraha, bhAga 1, pR. 37, 76 / [ 106 ]

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cAru candrasUri rudrapallIya (15vIM zatI) inakA kAla bi. 15vIM zatI hai| ina kA likhA 'vAtazitam' nAmaka vaidyaka grantha batAyA jAtA hai| isakA ullekha 'pugatattva' varSa 2, pR. 418 para huA hai| zrIkaNThasUri (16vIM zatI) yaha jaina AcArya the / inakA 'hitopadeza' yA 'vaidyakasArasaMgraha' grantha hai| yaha - vakaTezvara presa, baMbaI se chapa cukA hai / grantha ke prAraMbha meM nAbhirAja ke putra RSabhadeva kA smANa kiyA gayA hai / rogI logoM ke hita ke lie isa grantha kA upadeza kiyA gayA hai ata: ise 'hitopadeza' nAma diyA hai "hitAya rugbhiH paripar3itAnAM hitopadezaM kathayAmi kaJcid / " isameM 10 samuddezoM meM samasta rogoM kI cikitsA kA varNana hai / kuSTha roga meM sUrya kI stuti dI hai / zItalA kI cikitsA (8/47-49) kA bhI ullekha hai| choTI mAtA roga kA ullekha 'govara' 8/46) nAma se huA hai| vRddhi roga ko 'kuraNDa' kahA gayA hai (7/1-15) / gRdhrasIvAta ko riMgiNIvAta' (7/85) nAma diyA hai / snAyuka ko 'bAlo' (7187) ityAdi prAdezika roganAmoM kA ullekha hai| cikitsA prayoga upayogI evaM vyavahArika hai / zrIkaNThasUri (paNDita kA kAla 16vIM zatI hai| hitopadeza ke pratyeka uddezya ke anta meM likhA hai - "iti zrIparamajainAcAryazrIkaNThasUriviracite hitopadeze vaidyakasArasaMgrahe................samuddeza / " zrIkaNThazaMbhu nAmaka paramazaivAcArya kI 'vaidyakasArasaMgraha' koI bhinna kRti hai| pUrNasena (16vIM zatI) yaha jaina vidvAn thaa| isane 'vararuci' kRta 'yogazataka' para saMskRta-TIkA likhI thii| TIkA ke prArambha meM vardhamAna aura samaMtabhadra ko namaskAra kiyA hai "zrIvarddhamAnaM praNipatya 'sAmaMtabhadrAya' janAya hetoH / zrIpUrNasenaiH' sukhabodhanArthaM prArabhyate yogazatasya TIkA / / / / / atha jIvA anAdinidhanAsteSAM jIvAnAmAhAravAtazItAtapavarSAviSamAsananidrAdibhirvyAdhaya utpadyate, teSAM vyAdhInAM prakArA ye purA 'sarvajJabhASitA' stebhyo vaidyazAstrasya sAraM gRhItvA 'yogazataM' kartu kAmo 'vararuciH' zAstrAdau pratijJAM karoti / " 'sarvajJabhASitAH' se tAtparya hai 'AdinAtha RSabhadeva dvArA kthit'| jaina paramparA meM rogoM sambandhI jJAna RSabhadeva se sarvaprathama apane samavasaraNa meM diyA thA, aisA mAnA jAtA hai / isa TIkAraMbha se vararuci kA bhI jaina honA pramANita hotA hai| vararuci kA kAla ajJAta hai| isakI hastaprati bhAMDArakara o. ri. iM. pUnA meM vidyamAna haiM (graMthAMka 185,' [ 107 ]

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1073 / 1886-92) parantu eka anya hastaprati meM zrIvarddhamAnaM praNipatya mUrddhA' ke sthAna para 'zrIcandramauli praNipatya mUrdhnA' aisA pATha hai, (vahI, graMthAMka 184, 934/188487), yaha lipikAra pramAda ke kAraNa huA hai / anUpa saMskRta lAibrerI, bIkAnera meM bhI isa TIkA kI hastaprati mojUda hai / paM. jinadAsa (1551 I.) yaha vaidyakazAstra meM nipuNa jaina zrAvaka the / inakA 'holI reNukAcaritra' nAmaka grantha milatA hai / yaha raNastaMbhadurgaM ( raNathaMbhora ) ke samIpa navalakSapura ke nivAsI the / zerapura ke jaina caityAlaya meM saMvat 1608 jyeSTha zuklA 10 zukravAra ko jinadAsa ne 51 padyoM vAlI pUrvakathA ko 843 padyoM meM likhakara pUrNa kiyA / paM. jinadAsa ne yaha grantha bhaTTAraka prabhAcaMdra ke ziSya dharmacandra ke ziSya lalitakIrti muni ke hai / saMbhavataH muni lalitakIrti inake guru the / nAma se akita kiyA meM vizAla jinamaMdira grantha ke antabhAga meM paM. jinadAsa ne apanI vaMza - prazasti dI hai / inake pUrvaja 'haripati' nAmaka vaNik hue jinheM padmAvatI devI kA vara prApta thA aura vaha 'pIrojazAha ' dvArA sammAnita the / inake vaMza meM 'padma' nAmaka zreSThI hue / inako 'gyAsazAha' se bahumAnyatA prApta huI thI inhoMne 'zAkaMbharI' ( rAjasthAna ) nagara banavAyA thA / unakA eka putra 'bi' huA, vaha 'vaidyarAT' thA / use 'nasIrazAha' se utkarSa ( sammAna prApta huA thA / dUsarA putra 'suhRjana' bhaTTAraka jinacaMdra ke paTTa para pratiSThita huA aura usakA nAma 'prabhAcaMdra' rakhA gayA / use rAjAoM se sammAna milA / 'bijha' kA putra 'dharmadAsa' huA, use 'mahamUdazAha' ne sammAna pradAna kiyA / vaha vaidyaziromaNi aura kIrtivAn huA / use bhI padmAvatI kA varadAna prApta thA / usakA putra 'rekhA' nAmaka huA, jo vaidya-kalA meM nipuNa, vaidyoM kA svAmI aura loka meM prasiddha thA / use 'raNastaMbha durga' ( raNathambhora) meM bAdazAha zerazAha' ne sammAnita kiyA thA / unakA putra 'jinadAsa' huA / buddhimAn aura aneka vidyAoM meM, vizeSakara Ayurveda meM nipuNa thA / jinadAsa kI mAtA kA nAma 'rikhazrI', patnI kA nAma 'jinadAsI' aura putra kA nAma ' nArAyaNadAsa' thA / 2 jinadAsa vaMza-paramparA se vaidyakavidyA meM nipuNa aura kuzala cikitsaka thA / unake kisI vaidyakagrantha kA patA nahIM calatA / 'vidyate hyetayoH putro 'jinadAsAbhidho' varaH / budhaH sajjanamaryAdA mAnanIyoM manISiNAM // 1521 ato bahuvidyA Ayurvede vizeSataH / afe yo'sti mahAghImAn variSTho hi vivekinAM 115311 ( ho. re. ca. ) 1 jaina graMtha - prazasti saMgraha, bhAga 1, pR. 32 evaM 63 se 67 [108]

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nayanasukha (1592 I.) inhoMne apanA paricaya ina zabdoM meM diyA hai 'kesarAja suta nayanasukha, zrAvaka kulahi nivAsa / ' (5, granthArambha) isase inakA kesarAja kA putra honA aura zrAvaka kula meM janma lenA prakaTa hotA hai / kucha hastapratiyoM meM 'kesarAja' ke sthAna para 'kezavarAja' nAma milatA hai / veMkaTezvara presa bambaI kI mudrita prati meM 'zrAvakakulahi nivAsa' ke sthAna para 'bhASA kiyo vilAsa' aisA ullekha hai / parantu merI dekhI huI saba hastalikhita pratiyoM meM prathamapATha hI likhA milatA hai / ata: inakA jaina zrAvaka honA pramANita hotA hai / isake atirikta vizeSa paricaya jJAta nahIM hotaa| inakA ekamAtra vaidyaka grantha 'vaidyamanotsava' milatA hai| yaha hindI meM chandobaddha laghukRti hai / isakI racanA mugala-samrATa akabara ke zAsanakAla meM 'sIhanaMda' (sInaMda) yA siMhacaMda nagara meM saMvat 1649 (1592 I.) caitra zuklA-2 muruvAra ko puSya nakSatra meM pUrNa huI thI "kesarAja suta nayanasukha kIyaU grantha amRtakaMda / subhanagara sIhanaMda maI, akabara sAha nariMda / / 307 // " aMka 9 veda 4 rasa 6 medanI / (1649) zukla pakSa caitramAsa / tithi dvitIyA bhRguvAra phuni, puSyacaMdra suprakAsa / / 308 // yaha grantha kisI pUrvanirmita grantha kA anuvAda mAtra nahIM hai / apitu svataMtra rUpa se hindI meM likhA gayA hai / maulika kRti hone se isakA bahuta mahatva hai| maMgalAcaraNa meM gaNeza aura alakha ke prati namaskAra kiyA gayA hai / lekhaka ne aneka vaidyaka granthoM kA parizIlana kiyA thaa| alpa buddhivAloM ke lie oSadha aura roganidAna para yaha sugamacikitsA rUpa saMkSipta grantha likhA hai / 'vadyagrantha saba matthika raciU subhASA Ani / aratha dikhA pragaTa kari, auSadha roganidAna / / ' (3, granthAraMbha) graMtha kA nAmakaraNa 'vaidyamanotsava' sArthaka hai 'vaidyamanotsava nAmadhari, dekhI grantha suprakAsa / ' (5, graMthAraMbha) isa choTe se grantha meM 7 samuddeza aura 321 padya haiN| saMkSepa meM nAr3I parIkSA, vAtapitta-kapha ke nidAna-lakSaNa-upacAra-sAdhyAsAdhyatA ke lakSaNa batAkara rogAnusAra jvarAdirogoM ke nidAna aura cikitsA kA varNana hai / isameM vijayA, aphIma, dhatUrA aura jastA kA upayoga milatA hai| isakI aneka hastapratiyAM milatI haiN| kucha meM 332 gAthAeM haiN| eka prati 167 1 yaha prakAzita hai / veMkaTezvara presa, bambaI se saM. 1961 meM chapA hai| [ 109 ]

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gAthAoM vAlI hai, jisameM prAraMbha aura anta ke racanAdi ke sambandha meM paricaya jJApaka padya nahIM milate / anta meM kevala 'itivaidyamanotsave' likhA milatA hai| vaidyamanotsava kI racanA dohA, soraThA aura caupAI chaMdoM meM huI hai| narbudAcArya-narmadAcArya (I. 1600) yaha gujarAta ke nivAsI the / tapAgacchIya sAdhu kanaka ke ziSya the| tapAgaccha meM 'kamala-kalaza' zAkhA ke pravartaka AcArya kamalakalazasari hae / 'zrI tapagachamAhi jazavaMta, kamala kalaza zAkhA bolata, gachanAyaka zrI pUjya pramANa, jANe gagana udatA bhANa / / 671 dharma dhuraMdhara zrI guru nAma, 'kamala kalaza' ziSya abhirAma / mahAguNavaMta mahA gaMbhIra, paMcamahAvrata yati sudhIra / / 68 / / (kokazAstra catuSpadI, anta ke padya) 'laghu pozAlika tapagaccha-paTTAvalI' se jJAta hotA hai ki sAdhu sumatisUri ne apane do ziSya-iMdranaMdI aura kamalakalaza ko AcArya pada diyA thaa| parantu bAda meM unako sUrimaMtra ke adhiSThApaka deva ne kahA ki ina donoM ko AcArya pada denA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki ye gaccha meM bheda kreNge| isase sumati sUri ne hema vimalasUri ko nayA AcArya bnaayaa| sumatisUri ke svargavAsI hone ke bAda una donoM ne apane apane nAma se zAkhAeM calAyIM / indranaMdI kI zAkhA vAle 'kutabapurA' aura kamalakalaza kI zAkhAvAle unhIM ke nAma se 'kamala kalaza' khlaaye| prAga vATa jAti (poravADa) sahasA ne acalagar3ha (AbUparvata) para mahArAja jagamAla ke rAjya meM caturmukha vihAra kA nirmANa kiyA thA, usakI pratiSThA kamalakala zasUri ke ziSya jayakalyANasUri ne saM. 156 phAlguna sudI 10 ko kI thii| bIjApura (ji. mehasANA) vidyAzAlA kI eka paTTAvalI meM batAyA hai ki kamalakalaza zAkhA saM. 1572 meM nikalI thii| kamalakalaza ke ziSya paMDita matilAvaNya' aura anya aneka ziSya hue| unhIM meM se 'kanaka' nAmaka ziSya ke 'narbudAcArya' zizya hue / ye bhaTTArakayati the| inhoMne apane guru ke viSaya meM likhA hai gachamAMhi guNavaMta gaMbhIra, yatiata 'kanaka' namai dhIra / havA guru bhaTAraka jeha, kahuupamA savAI teha / / ziSya narabudanai karuNa kavI, dIdho pada te utama dharI / / (kokazAstra catuSpadI, graMthAMta, padya 72) 'kokazAstra catuSpadI' gratha ke anta meM lekhaka ne apanA paricaya diyA hai| inakA 1 mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI, jaina gurjara kavino, bhAga 1, (10.9 I.) pR. 326 / 110 1

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janma gujarAta ke ahamadAbAda nagara meM huA thA / unake pitA kA nAma 'devarAja' aura mAtA kA nAma rAjulade thA / pitA zrImAlI mahetA the, jinako vahAM ke mahamada sulatAna ne sammAna diyA thaa| karmasaMyoga se inako mAravADa (mArUdeza) ke sirohI nagara meM Akara rahanA par3A aura ve vahIM basa gaye / narabuda ne bAlyAvasthA meM umra ke 9veM varSa guru (kanaka) ke pAsa dIkSA le lI thii| bhavabaMdhana chor3a diye| terahaveM varSa meM ina para mAtaMgI ne prasanna hokara varadAna diyaa| 'deI dIkSA ne dIdho maMtra, zrI sarasvatI bAMdhyo taMtra / dANA divasa meM sevA karI, zrI sArada karaNA AdarI / / 73 / / varSe tera maiM Avyo mAna mAtaMgI dIdho varadAna / zrI gurucaraNa pasAI karI, kavijana mati narabada AcarI / / 74 / / (vahI, graMthAMta) guru kI anujA lekara inhoMne dakSiNa deza kI ora kautuka se vihArakarma kiyA / calate calate ye saMyogavaMza khAnadeza (mahArASTra) meM 'burahAnapura' aaye| vahAM pAsa hI 'asIragar3ha' nAmaka durga hai| vahAM phAraka jAti ke 'mIrAM dalazAha' ke putra 'mIrAM bahAdura zAha thArakI' kA zAsana thaa| dakSaNa deza prati kIyo vicAra, kautukayau A deza apAra / aneka bodhavIyA jIvanai kavi maMdagati pAmi dezanai / / 76 / / devayoga cAlatAM sahI, 'khAnadeza maiM AvyA vahI / gar3ha 'Asera' tihAM abhirAma, 'baraha pura' nagarano nAma / / 7711 rAja balavata sujANa, verInA bhAjai bhaDa ThANa / sadA abhaMga tarabAraha teja, jAti 'phAraka' kalAviveka / / 78 / / 'mIrAMha dalasAha' sujANa, tAsa pUtra balavaMta bakhANa / mIrAM bahAdura sAha thArakI', kIrata chaNI na jAyu lakhI / / 79 / / vahAM (burahAnapura meM) rahate hue AcArya narabuda ne vi. saMvat 1656 zaka saMvat (152 . 1600 I.) vijayAdazamI budhavAra ko 'kokazAstra catuSpadI' nAmaka grantha kI racanA pUrNa kI thii| usa dina zubha muhUrta-velA aura graha nakSatroM ke uttama lakSaNa the 'saMvata 'sola chapane sAra', zaka 'panara ekavIsa majhAri / dhatU ayama dakSiNadiza ravi, zaradazapati mAhi bAla kavi / / 801 Asu adhika mahochava mAsa, pakSa ajU AleM zazi prakAza / 'vijayA dazamI' mana ANaMda, 'vAsara budha' sukha paramANaMda / / 81 / / uttarA ASAr3ha nakSatra suvicAra, zrI 'narabuda' boleM kavirAja / karka rAzi guru graha bhogavai, tule zani AvaNa cItavai / / 82 // zubha muharata zubha velA sAra, uttama lakSaNa taNo vicAra / zrI 'narabuda' bole 'kavirAja' , kavI copaI saMpUraNa Aja / / 83 / / ( 111 )

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narabuda ne apane ko 'kavirAja' bhI kahA hai / kokadeva dvArA viracita 'kokazAstra' ke AdhAra para meM likhA gayA hai / yaha grantha kAmazAstra viSayaka hai / likhA gayA hai / yaha caupAI chaMda 'koka' taNo mada leI karI, cAla copAI kavi ucarI / 'burahAnapura' nagaramA thaI, nAme copAI ||86 / / isameM 'dasa' prakAra (prakaraNa ) haiM / striyoM ke prati lubdha vyaktiyoM ke lie sukha prApti hetu yaha grantha bahuta upayogI hai 'daza prakAra saMpUraNa huA, vigata kari kathA jUjUA / zrImAtaMgI ne varadAna, karI copaI amRta samAna |187|| je nara strIAlubdhA hasa, teha nAmane INI graMtha raseM / jima kamala mAhi bhamara ramai, gaMdha ketakI chAMDe kImai ||83 // 'kAmazAstra' mati uttama ha, deI cittaneM suNaseM jeha / anaMta sukha pAmiseM sadA, 'zrImarabuda' kahe sukhasaMpadA 11921 mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI ne 'jaina gurjara kavioM' meM nararbudAcArya ke do granthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai -- kokazAstra catuSpadI' aura paMcAkhyAnoddhAra kathA / kokazAstracatuSpadI ko 'kokakalA copaI' bhI kahA gayA hai / unhoMne likhA hai 'mAtaMgI mati ApIye, jima kavita karu surasAla / 'kokakalA' guNa varNatru, prIche bAla gopAla || || 'kokazAstra koke' kIyaU, te jAI suvicanna / kavi 'narabada' Ima ucaraI, bolU kacita kathanna ||6|| graMtha ke prAraMbha meM desAI ne saM. 1782 kArtika zukla 10 kI prati se uddharaNa diye haiM / puSpikA dekhie - - iti zrImajjinAcAryaM 'zrInarabudAcArya' viracite 'kokazAstra' dazama prakAra saMpUrNa saM. 1792 varSe kArtika mAse zukla pakSe dazamI tithI guruvAsare baDagAma madhye / ' harSakIrtisUri ( 1600 I.) yaha tapAgaccha kI nAgapurIya ( nAgaurI) zAkhA ke AcArya 'candrakIrtisUri' ke 1 jaina gurjara kavipro, bhAga 1, pR. 323-325, bhAga 3, khaMDa 1, pR. 8271 2 isa kathA kI svayaM kavi ke hAtha se saMvat 1660 zaka bAcana hetu likhI huI hastaprati bhAMDArakara iMsTITyUTa 1525 meM gari bhojasAgara ke pUnA meM surakSita hai ( prathAMka 359, san 1871-2 ) 1 prAcArya priyavrata zarmA ne apane vivaraNa meM tIna mUleM kI haiM- prathama, harSakIrti ke guru [ 112 ]

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ziSya the| candrakIrtisUri ne anubhUtisvarUpAcAya kI 'sArasvataprakriyA' para TIkA likhI thii| yaha dillI ke muslima zAsaka salemazAha (1545-1553 I.) ke samakAlIna the aura inako usa zAsaka ne sammAnita bhI kiyA thA ___ 'zrImatsAhisalema bhUmipatinA saMmAnita sAdaraM / .. 'sUriH sarvakaliMdikAkalitadhI: 'zrIcaMdrakItiH' prabhuH / / (Ara. jI. bhAMDArakara kI riporTa 1882-83, pR. 43-pR 227 para uddhRta aMza) mo. da. desAI ne likhA hai ki pava'cadragaccha ke rAjacandrasUri (janma saM. 1606, AcArya 1626, sva. 1669 ke samakAlIna rAjaratnasUri ke ziSya caMdrakItisUri the / ratnazekhara sUri kI paramparA meM inakI guruziSya -paramparA isa prakAra milatI hai ---- ratnazekhara sUri pUrNacandra hemahaMsa hemasamudra jaya zekha somaratna rAjaratna sUri candrakIniri harSakI sUri * kA nAma mAnakIti likhA ha, dvitIya- 'prathama adhyAya ke anta meM jo zloka ha usase patA calatA hai ki harSakIti nAgapura kA rahane vAlA thA / ' puna: prAge likhA hai - lekhaka nAgapura ke tapAgaccha sthAna kA nivAsI thaa'| tRtIya - 'grantha ke anta meM lekhaka ne apane ko pravarasiMha saMbhavata. koI rAjA) ke zira kA ataMsa kahA hai| aura guru kA nAma caMdrakIti batalAyA hai|' (Ayurveda kA vaijJAnika itihAsa, 1975, pR. 216 - 17)ina tInoM bhrAtiyoM kA nirAkaraNa mere dvArA diye gaye vivaraNa se svataH ho jAtA hai / 1 'dhAtutaraMgiNI' meM harSakItisUri ne apanI paramparA ke bhaTTAraka yati padmameru ke ziSya padmasundaragariNa dvArA akabara ko sabhA meM kisI paMDita ko parAjita karane aura svaya sammAnita hone kA ullekha kiyA hai| padmasundara ko rezamI vastra, pAlakI aura gAMva bheMTa meM mile the| inako jodhapura ke rAjA rAva mAladeva se sammAna milA thA sAheH sasadi 'padmasudaragariNajitvA' mahApaMNDitaM kSauma - grAma-suravAsanAdyakabarazrIsAhito labdhavAn / hindUkAdhipamAladevanRpatermAnyo vadAnyo'dhikaM 'zrImadyodhapure surepsitavacAH padmAhvayaM pAThakam / / ' padmasudaragariNa kI akabarasAhidarpaNa', rAyamallAbhyudayakAvya (vi. saM. 1615) Adi aneka racanAe haiM / 5 jaina gurjara kavipro. bhAga 1, pR. 470 --- 3 jaina gurjara kavipro, bhAga 3, khaNDa 1, pR. 944 [ 113 1

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zvetAMbA mata meM tapAgaccha kI utpatti mevADa meM, yahAM ke tatkAlIna zAsaka jaikasiMha dvArA jamacaMdrasUri ko 1.28 I. meM 'tapA' viruda pradAna karane se huI thii| isa gancha kA prabhAva mevAr3a, mAravAr3a aura gujarAta meM vyApta hai| isa gaccha. kA sambandha nAmora (mAravAr3a) se hai| gaurIzaMkara hIrAcaMda ojhA ke anusAra nAgaura kA purAnA nAma 'nAgapura' aura 'ahicchatrapura' thA (dra. nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA, bhAga 2, pR. 329) / harSakItisUri ke adhikAMza grantha rAjasthAna evaM gujarAta meM hI milate haiM; ata: inakA mUlakSetra rAjasthAna (mAravAr3a) yA gujarAta meM kahIM thA, parantu vihAra donoM hI pradezoM meM huvaa| inakI saMskRta ke atirikta rAjasthAnI va gujarAtI meM bhI racanAeM milatI haiN| harSakIrtisari ke ziSya amarakIti aura unake ziSya yaza:kIti hae / saMskRta meM inakI aneka racanAeM milatI haiM jisase inakI gabhIra vidvatA kA paricaya milatA hai| 1. dhAtupATha (sArasvata vyAkaraNa saMbaMdhI) 2. dhAtutaraMgiNI ('dhAtupATha' kI svopajJavRtti-TIkA) 3. sArasvata dIpikA (sArasvatavyAkaraNa para TIkA) 4. seT aniTkArikA (vi. saM. 1662 meM racanA) 5. seT aniTkArikA-svopajJavRtti (vi. saM. 1669 meM racanA) 6. zAradIyanAmamAlA (zAradIyAbhidhAna mAlA) (kozagrantha ) 7. zrutabodhaTIkA 8. jyotissArasaMgraha (vi. saM. 1660 meM racanA) 5. janmapatrIpaddhati (vi. saM. 1660 meM racanA) 10. vivAhapaTala - bAlAvabodha 11. lakSya-lakSaNa vicAra 12. yogacintAmaNi (vaidyakasArasaMgaha) 13. vRhata zAMtistotra-TIkA (saM. 1655) 14. sindUraprakara-TIkA, 15. kalyANamandira stotra vyAkhyAleza' TIkA (saM. 1668 meM racanA) 16. nabasmaraNa-TIkA 1 jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa, bhAga 5, pR. 152 2 isa TIkA ke prArambha meM TokAkAra ne isa prakAra apanA paricaya diyA hai 'zrImannAgapurIyapUrvakatapAgacchAmbujAhaskarAH sUrIndrAH candrakItiguruvo vizvatrayovizrutAH / tatpAdAmburuhaprasAdapadataH zrIharSakIAhvayopAdhyAyaH zrutabodhavRttimakarod bAlAvabodhAya vai // ' / jaina saMskRta sAhityano itihAsa, khaMDa 2, upakhaMDa 1, pR. 297 para isakA racanAkAla saM. 1633 batAyA gayA hai| [ 114 ]

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harSakIrtisUri vyAkaraNa, jyotiSa aura vaidyakavidyA meM niSNAta the| upayukta saMskRta ke grantha prAya: inhIM tIna viSayoM se saMbaMdhita haiN| gujarAtI va rAjasthAnI kI racanAeM dharma kathA Adi se saMbaMdhita haiM / / harSakItisUri zvetAMbara 'upAdhyAya' aura bhaTTAraka yati paramparA ke the| tRtIya adhyAya kI puSpikA meM likhA hai - 'itizrIbhaTTArakazrIharSakItyupAdhyAyasaMkalite yogacitA. mnnii........|' bhaTTAraka sAdhu hone se laukika vidyAoM meM inakI uttama gati thii|' inakA kAla solahavIM zatI kA antima caraNa evaM satrahavIM zatI kA prathama caraNa hai| inakI adhikAMza racanAeM vi. saM. 1660 (1603 I.) ke AsapAsa ko haiM / yogacintAmaNi - harSakItisUri kA yaha prasiddha vaidyaka-graMtha hai| Ayurvedajagat meM jo sammAna zAGgadharasaMhitA ko prApta huA, usI ke samAna paravartI vaidya-paramparAoM meM, vizeSakara jaina yati-muniyoM kI paramparAoM meM, 'yogaciMtAmaNi' ko bhI Adara milaa| hastalikhita pratiyoM meM isake 'yogaciMtAmaNi' ke atirikta 'vaidyakasArasaMgraha', 'sArasaMgraha', 'vaidyakasAgeddhAra' nAma bhI milate haiN| kucha ha pra. meM ye tInoM nAma eka sAtha bhI milate haiM "nAgapurIyatapogaNarAja 'zrIharSakIti' saMkalite vaidyakasAroddhAre' tRtIyo guTikAdhikAra: / / 1 / / iti zrInAgapurIya tapAgacchIya 'zrIharSakItisUri saMkalite 'yogaciMtAmaNI vaidyakasArasaMgrahe' gUTikAdhikAra : tRtIya: / / 3 / / " (rA. prA. vi. pra , zA. kA., udayapura, graMthAMka 1465, tRtIya adhikAra ke anta kI pusspikaa| racanAkAla-pI. ke. goDe ne harSakIrtisUrikRta yogaciMtAmaNi kA racanAkAla 1550 I. ke bAda athavA 16vIM zatI ke tRtIyapAda meM mAnA hai / 1 inako 'vijayazeTha vijayAzeThANI svalpa prabaMdha' vi. saM. 1665 ke lagabhaga) prAvi choTe kAvya hindI-gujarAtI meM milate haiM / 5 'harSakIti' nAmaka anya racanAkAra kA varNana hindI sAhitya meM prAtA hai| yaha saMbhavata: jayapura yA usake pAsa ke nivAsI the| inakI rAjasthAnI mizrita hindI meM 'caturgativeli' (racanAkAla vi. saM. 1683), paMcagativeli' (racanA saM. 1683) prAdi racanAeM milatI haiN| (dekhie-DA, premasAgara jaina, 'hindI jaina bhaktikAvya aura kavi', pR. 174) / 3 mo. da. desAI ne harSakIti dvArA praNIta 'yogacitAmaNi' vaidyakasAroddhAra aura vaidyaka sArasaMgraha-nAma se pRthaka tIna vaidyakagranthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai (jaina gurjara kavino, bhAga 1, pR. 470) / vastutaH tInoM eka hI grantha ke nAma haiN| * P. K. Gode, Studies in Indian Literary History, Vol. II, P. 11. 115 /

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- yogaciMtAmaNi kA racanAkAla saM. 666 se kiMcita pUrva kA honA cAhie kyoMki jodhapura meM maiM ne isa saMvat vAlI hasta prati dekhI hai| saM 1650 kI hastaprati lA da. insTITyUTa ahamadAbAda (grayAka 1281) meM vidyAmAna hai, isa para gujarAtI meM 'TavA' bhI hai| jAlI ne isakA racanAkAla saM. 1668 yA 1656 ke bIca mAnA hai, kyoMki ina saMvatoM kI prAcInatama hastapratiyA upalabdha haiN| spa Ta hai ki saMvat 1650 (1593 I.) se pUrva isa grantha kI racanA ho cukI thii| ___grantha ke prArambha meM harSakIti ne sarvajJa / AdinAtha) evaM apane guru candrakIrti sUri kI vandanA kI hai --- zrIsarvajJa praNamyAdau 'candrakIti' guru tataH / 'yoMgacitAmaNi' vakSye bAlAnAM bodhahetave / / / / / ' kucha hasta pratiyoM meM 'candrakIti' ke sthAna para 'mAnakIti' nAma bhI milatA hai, jo pATha kI azuddhi mAtra hai| grantha ke anta meM guru 'candrakIti' ko 'sUrIzvarapravarasiMhazigevatasa' (sUri-pramukha) vizeSaNa se saMbodhita kiyA gayA hai 'sUrIzvarapravarasiMhasi rovataMsa 'zrIcaMdrakIti'gurupAdayugaprasAdAt / gambhIracArutamavaidyakasArazAstraM 'zrIharSakItiratulaM vidadhe prabaMdhaH / / 81 / / (graMthAMta) guru ke bAda granthArambha meM bhagavAna 'jina' yA 'tIrthakRt' (tIrthaMkara ) kI stuti nimna zabdoM meM kI hai - 'yatra vitrA samAyAMti tejAMsi ca tamAMsi ca / mahIpastadahaM vaMde cidAMnadamayaM mahaH / / 2 / / 1 rA. prA. vi. pra, jodhapura, 4098 - jaoNlI, iNDiyana meDisina, pR. 4 yaha gratha prakAzita hai| prathama bAra bambaI se san 1869 meM mAravAr3I meM anuvAda ke sAtha chapA hai| isake bAda pUrNacandrasena zarmA kRta gujarAtI anuvAda sahita ema. pAra. jAguSTe ne ahamadAbAda se prathama bAra 1898 meM chapAyA thA, jisakA dvitIya saMskaraNa 1908 meM nikAlA thaa| DI. jI sAdekara ne marAThI anuvAda sahita saMpAdita kara khAnApura (jilA, belagAMva, karnATaka) se 1907 meM chapAyA thaa| ye saMskaraNa aba anupalabdha hai| vartamAna meM isake do mudrita saMskaraNa milate haiMpahalA, dattarAma caube kRta, 'mAthurImaMjuSA' nAmaka hindI bhASA-TIkA sahita veMkaTezvara presa, bambaI se san 1940 meM tathA dUsarA lakhImapura nivAsI paM. budhasItArAma zarmA kRta bhASA TIkA sahita bhArgava pustakAlaya, gAyaghATa, banArasa se | 941 ( tRtIyAvRtti) meM prakAzita hue haiN| 5 bhAMDArakara, pUnA, graMthAMka 159 [ 116 ]

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siddhauSadhAni paMthyAni rAgadveSarujAM jye| jayati sadvacAMsyatra 'tIrthakRtso'stu' va: zriye / / / / jagatritayalokAnAM pAparogApanuttaye / yadvAkya bheSa jAM bhAti zrIjina: sa zriyestu na: / / 4 / / ' grantha ke anta meM likhA hai ki Atreya, suzruta, parAzara, vAgbhaTa, azvinI, hArIta, vRnda, bhRgu cikitsAkalikA, bheDa Adi ke mata yahAM uddhRta kiye gaye haiM - AtreyasuzrutaparAzara-vAgbhaTAzvi-hArIta-vRnda-kalikA-bheDavarAbhidheyA: / ye'mI 'nidAnayutakarmavipAka mukhyAsteSAM mataM samanusRtya mayA kRto'yam / / (graMthAMta, zloka 83) granthakAra ke samakSa pUrva nirmita 'yogapradIpa' aura 'yogazataka' kA Adarza vidyamAna thA / ataeva usane usI krama meM yogacitAmaNi ke prasiddha hone kI kAmanA kI hai 'yathA 'yogapradIpo'sti' pUrvaM 'yogazataM' tathA / tathaivAyaM vijJAyatAM yogazcitAmaNi zciram / / ' (grathAMta meM, zloka 85) harSakIrtisUri ne aneka granthoM kA adhyayana kara rahasyarUpa meM isa grantha kA praNayana kiyA thA 'vicArya pUrvazAstrANi harSakIyA'hvasUriNA / kiMciduddha taye smaitadrahasyaM vaidya kArNavAt / / ' (grathAMta meM, zloka 82) prAcIna-- pUrva pracalita prasiddha 'siddha-auSadha' yogoM kA hI isameM saMgraha kiyA gayA hai / paMDitoM dvArA anAdara ke bhaya se lekhaka ne navIna pATha yA yoga nahIM diye haiM 'prAptAHpramiddhi sarvatra sukhabodhAzca te yataH / ata: purAtanai reva pATha. saMgRhyate mayA / / 6 / / nUtanapAThe vihite'nAdaramiha paMDatA: yataH kuryuH / tasmAdArSavacobhirnibadhyate na tvasAmarthyAt / / 7 / / (nathArambha meM) isIlie isa grantha meM rogoM kA krama aura nidAna nirUpaNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai, kevala kalpanAnusAra yogoM kA saMgraha hai 'na rogANAM kramaH ko'pi na nidAnanirUpaNaM / kevalaM bAlabodhAya yogAH ke'pi nirUpitAH / / ' (grathAMta, zloka 80) isa grantha meM sAta adhyAya haiM--pAka, cUrNa, guTI, kvAtha, ghRta, taila aura mizraka'pAka: / cUrNa 2 guTI 3 kvAtha 4 ghRta 5 taila 6 samizrakA: / adhyAyAH sapta vakSyante granthesmin 'sArasaMgrahe' // ' (graMthAraMbha, zloka 5) grantha ke prAmbha meM vaidya aura rogI ke lakSaNa, nAr3I-mUtra-mukha-jihvA-mala-sparza aura zabda parIkSAeM, AyurvicAra, AyurlakSaNa, kAlajJAna, dezajJAna , mAnaparibhASA, zArIraka, [ 117 ]

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saptakalA, saptAzaya, saptadhAtu, upadhAtu aura tvacA kA saMkSepa meM varNana kiyA gayA hai| tatpazcAt kramazaH 'prathamAdi SaSTha adhyAyoM' meM pAka 34, cUrNa 61, guTikA 59, kvAtha 64, ghRta 21, taila 22 ke avyartha yogoM kA saMgraha kiyA gayA hai| saptama mizrakAdhikAra' meM guggulu prakaraNa (8 yoga), zaMkhadrAva, gaMdhaka vidhi, zilAjatu, svarNAdidhAtumAraNa, mRgAMkarasa, tAmra-vaMga-nAga-sAra-maMDUra-abhraka kA mAraNa aura guNa, dhAtusattvapAtana, pAradazodhana Adi rasazAstra saMbaMdhI viSaya. siddharasauSadhiyoga (25), AsavaariSTa 6 yoga, lepa 37 yoga, paMcakarma, raktamokSa, vASpasvedana, viSacikitsA, strIcikitsA, garbhanivAraNa, garbhapAtana prabhRti viSaya tathA aMta meM 'karmavipAka' prakaraNa diyA gayA hai| isameM phiraMgaroga (siphalisa) aura usakI 'cakitsA meM copacInI kA tathA pArada aura aphIma kA ullekha hai| 'madhurAjvara' nAma se TAiphAiDa kA varNana bhI hai| graMtha kA prathama 'pAka prakaraNa' vizeSa ullekhanIya hai| prAcIna avalehoM kI kalpanA-paramparA ke sthAna para samAja meM poka nirmANa kA mahatva baDhatA jA rahA thaa| yaha yUnAnI cikitsA kA prabhAva thaa| pAkoM para sarvaprathama isa grantha meM vistAra se vivaraNa milatA hai| pAka-prakaraNa ke prArambha meM likhA hai cikitsA meM do hI sArabhAga (mukhya bheSaja haiMpAkavidyA aura rasAyana / ('cikitsAyAM dvayaM sAraM pAkavidyA rsaaynm')| yaha vacana mAdhavaupAdhyAyakRta 'pAkAvalI' meM saMbhavataH yahIM se uddhRta huA hai| vijayApAka aura aphImapAka bhI diye haiN| madhyayugIna samAja meM pracalita cikitsAyogoM ke saMbaMdha meM jAnakArI dene vAlA yaha apUrva grantha hai| isase cikitsA meM usa kAla meM pAkoM aura rasAyanoM kI mahattA bhI sUcita hotI hai| 'amlavetasacUrNa' meM amlavetasa ke phaloM ko lene kA ullekha hai| rasayogoM meM 'ghoDAcolI' (azvakaMcukI) draSTavya haiN| bhAvaprakAza se 'rasakarpUra' bhI isameM uddhRta hai| ataH yaha bhAvaprakAza se bAda kI racanA hai| nADIparIkSA zAGgadharasaMhitA para AdhArita hai| kucha hastapratiyoM se jJAta hotA hai ki isa graMtha ke saMgraha meM graMthakAra ko 'upakezagacchIya vAcaka vidyAtilaka' kA sahayoga prApta huA thA - 'zrImadupakezagacchIyavidyAtilakavAcakAH ! kiJcit saMkalito yogavArtA kiJcit kRtAni ca // ' graMtha ke pratyeka adhyAya kI antima puSpikAoM meM bheda milatA hai| vibhinna hastapratiyoM meM bhI puSpikAoM meM antara milatA hai1. prathama adhyAya ke anta meM 'nAgapurIyayatigaNa zrIharSakItisaMkalite vaidyakasAroddhAre prathamaH pAkAdhikAro'yam / ' 2. dvitIya adhyAya ke anta meM [ 118 1

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" iti zrInAgapurISa bhaTa harSa kortisUri saMkalite vaidyakasArasaMgrahe cUrNAdhikAro dvitIyo'dhyAyaH / ' 3. tRtIya adhyAya ke anta meM ' iti zrI bhaTTArakazrI harSa kI yuM pAdhyAyasaMkalite yogaciMtAmaNI vaidyakasArasaMgrahe guTi kAdhikArastRtIyaH / ' 4. caturtha adhyAya ke anta meM -- ' iti zrImannAgapurItapAgacchIya (athavA 'tapogaNanAyaka' | zrIharSakIyuM pAdhyAyasaMkalite yogacitAmayo vaidyakasArasaMgrahe kvAthAdhikArazcaturthaH / , pAMcaveM, chaThe ora sAtaveM adhyAya kI puSpikAeM bhI aisI hIM hai / TIkAe isa graMtha para rajasthAnI aura gujarAtI meM TIkAeM, bAlAtrabodha aura stabaka bhI prApta haiM / isase graMtha kI upayogitA aura lokapriyatA prakaTa hotI hai / - kharataragacchIya bAcanAcArya 'ratna rAjagaNi' ke ziSya 'ratnajaya' ne yogacitAmaNi para 'bAlAvabodha' nAmaka bhASA- TIkA likhI thI / saMbhavataH gRhasthAvasthA kA inakA nAma 'narasiMha' thA | yaha TIkA gujarAtI meM 'zrISarataragacchIya vAcanAcArya ratana rAjagaNi ziSyagaNakazAstrAya narasiMhakRtaH bAlAvabodhaH samAptaH tatsamAptI samAptoyaM zrIyogacitAmaNinAmA vaidyakazAstraM saMpUrNa | saMvat 1801 phAlguNamAse zubhe zukle pakSe tithI dvitIyA bhRguvAsare likhi pUrNaM / / liSitaM mahAtmA phakIradAsa laSaNayatImadhye || zrIrastu / / ' (bhAMDArakara, pUnA, graMthAMka 158) chaThe aMgasUtra jJAtA para narasiMha kRta 'TabbA' kI prati saMvat 1733 kI prApta hai / inhoMne prasiddha 'kalpasUtra para bhI TIkA likhI thI / ataH inakA kAla 17vIM zatI kA uttarArdha pramANita hotA hai / jodhapura meM bAlAvabodha sahita yogacitAmaNi kI saMvat 1724 (1667 I.) kI hastaprati surakSita hai / yogacitAmaNi para telugu (AMdhra ) bhASA meM bhI TIkA upalabdha hai / " rAjasthAna kI vaidya - paramparAoM meM aura jaina yati-muniyoM kI vaidyaka - paramparA meM * harSa kIrtisUri ke 'yogaciMtAmaNi' kA sarvAdhika pracAra-prasAra pAyA jAtA hai / jayaratnagari (1605 I.) 'jayaratnagaNi' zvetAmbara sampradAya meM pUrNimApakSa ke AcArya 'bhAvaratna' ke ziSya 1 rA. prA. vi. pra., jodhapura. graMthAMka 6861 3 sarasvatI mahala, taMjora, graMthAMka 11094 [ 119 1

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the| inakA nivAsa sthAna 'trAMbAvatI' nagara (khaMbhAta, gujarAta) thaa| yaha nagara dezavideza ke vyApAra kA kendra aura vizeSakara motI Adi bahumUlya ratnoM ke vyApAra kA kendra hone ke kAraNa prAcInakAla se samRddha rahA hai| yahIM para jayaratnamaNi ne 'jvaraparAjaya' nAmaka vaidyaka-graMtha kI racanA kI thii| granthArabha me usane likhA hai-- 'yaH 'zvetAMbara' maulimaNDanamaNi: satpUNimApakSavAn, yastAstai vasatiH samRddhana gare 'tryabAvatInAmake / natvA 'zrIgurubhAvaratna caraNo' jJAnaprakAzaprado, sadbuddhyA 'jayaratna' Aracati graMtha bhiSakprItaye / / 6 / / ' granthakAra ne vaidyaka ke aneka mAnya grathoM kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| unake AdhAra para isa grantha kI racanA kI thii| inameM Atreya, caraka, suzruta, bhoja yA bhela Da), vAgbhaTa, vRnda, aMgada ?), nAgasiMha, pArAzara, soDhala, hArIta, tIsaTa, mAdhava, pAla. kApya Adi mukhya haiN| inakA ullekha granthakAra ne granthArambha meM kiyA gayA hai 'Atreya ca ra kaM suzruta matho bhoz2A bhidhaM : bhelA bhidha , vAgbhaTa, sadvandAGgada-nAgasiMhamatulaM pArAzaraM soDDhalam / hArIta tisaTa ca mAdhavamahAzrIpAlakApyAdikAn, sadgranthAnavalokya sAdhuvidhinA caitAMstathA'nyAnapi / / / / ' isa grantha ke anta meM isakA racanAkAla vi. saM. 1662 bhAdrapada, zukla 1 magalavAra diyA gayA hai 'zrI vikramAd dvi-rasa-SaT-zazivatsa reSu / / 602 , yAteSvatho nabhasi mAsi site ca pakSe / tithyAmatha pratipadi kSitisUnuvAsare, grantho'ci 'jva* parAjaya' eSa tena / / 437 / / ' lekhaka vaidyavidyA meM nipuNa aura kuzala cikitsaka thA / ima grantha meM kula 439 padya haiN| sAhitya saMsthAna udayapura graMthAMka 485) vAlI prati meM 442 zloka haiM / isameM vividha prakAra ke jvaroM ke nidAna aura cikitsA kA vistAra se varNana hai| isameM nimna viSaya Aye haiM1. maMgalAcaraNa -- (zloka 1-7) devadeva (RSabhadeva ), nAgavaktra, sarasvatI, dhanvantari, ___ Ayurveda praNetA AcArya, gurU bhAva ratna ke prati namaskAra / 2. zirAprakaraNa-(zloka 8 -16) 3. doSa prakaraNa- (zloka 17-51) 4. jvarotpatyAdiprakaraNa-(52- 59)-jvaroM kI utpatti (nidAna hetu), bheda aura lakSaNa batAye haiN| 5. cikitsA hetu dezAdi kA parIkSaNa [ 120 /

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'dezaM ca kAlavayaso: jvalanasvabhAvAn, sAtmyauSadhe ca tanusatvabale gadaM ca / samyak vilokya tadanaMtarameva vaidyo, nRNAM yathocitacikitsAkarma kuryAt / / 160 // ' dezalakSaNa (161-164), RtujJAna (165-184, Rtu- varNana aura upacAra), kucikitsaka (185), acchA cikitsaka (186), vaidya kA kartavya 187), cikitsA kA rUpa (188) 6 uktajvarANAM cikitsA paddhati (189-227) 7. basti karmAdhikAra (228-235) 8. jvaroM meM pAcanAdi evaM cikitsA (236-3.4) 9. pathyAdhikAra (375-394) 10. sannipAta prakaraNa (295-442) / isa gratha meM kAyastha cAmuNDa kRta 'jvaratimira bhAskara' se bhI uddharaNa liye gaye haiM (zlo. saM 57 / ____ vAtAdijvaroM ke atirikta brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya, zUdra bheda se jvaroM ke bheda, ajIrNajvara, kSetrajvara, raktajvara, kAmajvara, khedajvara, dRSTijvara, ekAMtajvara, kAlajvara Adi kI utpatti (hetu), lakSaNa aura cikitsA bhI batAI hai| parantu inakA antarbhAva vAtAdidoSoM ke antargata hI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| yathA --- pittajvara meM ajIrNajvara, raktajvara, kAmajvara, khedajvara, vaizyajvara, dRSTijvara kA ullekha hai| graMtha aprakAzita hai| yaha eka mahatvapUrNa racanA hai| jayaratnagaNi ne jyotiSa' saMbaMdhI prazna lagna para 'doSaratnAvalI' graMtha bhI likhA hai| lakSmokuzala (1637 I.) lakSmIkuzala tapagaccha kI vIrazAkhA meM paMDita jinakuzala ke ziSya the| yaha gujarAta ke nivAsI the / inhoMne grantha ke aMta meM apanI guru-ziSya paramparA dI hai-vIra tapagaccha meM sattAvanaveM paTTaghara sAdhu sumatisUri hue / Age kI paramparA isa prakAra rahIsumatisUri hema vimalasUri-sobhAgyaharSa-somavimalasUri-hemasomasUri-vimalasomasUri-vizAla somasUri-pa. jinakuzala-lakSmIkuzala | bhUlo akSara visamu jeha, so jAni savi karajyo teha / 'tapagaccha' mUla lahur3hI posAla, jANi jehani bAlagopAla / / 49 / / vIra pATi paTodhara ghaNA, pAra na pAmu teha gunntnnaa| 'satAvanarmi' pATiM sAra, zrI 'sumati sAdhu sUri' aNagAra / / 50 / / 1 jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa, bhAga 5, pR. 180 [ 121 ]

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tAsa pATi haimavimalasUri, jeha samari pApa jaI dUri / tAsa pATi 'sobhAgya harSa' jANi, tapasaMyama pherI guNabAMNi 11511 tAsa pATi ati guNa bhaMDAra, 'sakalasUri' siromaNi sAra / zrI 'somavimalasUri te mAMNi, jasa nAmi saMpati zreSTha ANi 115218 tehataNo paToghara jeha 'hemasomasUri' nAMmi teha | tAsa pArTi 'vimalasomasUri', jasa nAMmi dUrita jAye dUri // 53 // tAsa pArTi paTovara bhalo, zrI vizAlasomasUri guNAnilo / pratirUpI tejasvI sahI, chatrIsaI guNaSAMNija kahI // 54 // AcArajinA guNa jetalA, 'zrI vizAlasomasUrimAM tetalA / prauDha parivAra tehano sAra, paMDita taNo navi lAbhaI pAra 115.1 'jinakuzala' paMDita tehamAM jAMNa grahagaNamAMhi dIpaI jima bhAMNa / 'lakSmIkuzala' tasu kero sIsa, guru prasAdaI huI jagIsa |56|| ( vai sA.ra.pra., graMthAMta ) inakI eka hI vaidyaka kRti milatI hai- 'vaidyakasArarattaprakAza' / yaha caupAI chaMda meM gujarAtI bhASA meM likhA gayA hai / lakSmIkuzala ne 'rAyadeza' ke 'IDara nagara' ke pAsa 'oDA' nAmaka grAma ke jinamaMdira meM caumAsA vyatIta kiyA / vahIM saMvat 1694 (1637 I.) phAlguna sudI 13 zukravAra ko isa grantha ko pUrNa kiyA-- 'rAyadesa' jagamAMhi prasiddha, 'IDaranagara' achaI samRddha / te pAsaI chaI 'oDA' gAma, dharmataNAM jihAM moTAM ThAMma 1159 || 'jinamaMdira' abhinaMdana deva, 'prAgavaMza' sAraI seva / gurutaNo Adezaja lahI, 'lakSmIkuzala' caUmAMsu rahI ||60|| 'saMvata solacurANu' jeha, phAguNa sudi terasa valI teha | zukravAra saMyogaI sahI, 'lakSmIkuzalaI zre caUvaI kahI // 1 // lakSmIkuzala ne vaidyakavidyA ko apane guru se sIkhA thA / isa graMtha kI racanA meM AtreyanidAna va suzrutasAra aura anya granthoM kA AdhAra liyA gayA thA / devaguru prasAdi karI, 'ratnaprakAsa the caUpaI barI / 'AtreyanidAna' 'suzruttanu sAra, Upara graMthataNo uddhAra 1162|| isa grantha meM 11 adhikAra haiM grahI 'nAmaratana' te jAMNi zAstra vicAri bolI vANI / hitakAriNI the caupaI sAra, racyA ekAdaza adhikAra 116311 desAI ne 'vaidyakasAraratnaprakAza' kI saMvat 1718 phA. vadi 2 soma kI hastalikhita prati kA 'jaina gurjara kavio' bhAga 1, meM ullekha kiyA hai / lekhaka ne grantha meM guru kI mahimA batAI hai / [ 122 ]

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"guruviNa mAI prasanna na hoI, guruviNa jJAna na pAmaI koI / guru prasAdi sarva siddhi milaI, alIya vidhana savi dUri Tali / / 57 / / haMsarAjamuni' (17vIM zatI pUrvArdha) yaha kharataragacchIya varddhamAnasUri ke ziSya the| inakA kAla 17vIM zatI pUrvArtha jJAta hotA hai| inhoMne nemicandra kRta prAkRta ke 'dradhyasaMgraha' para 'cAlAvabodha' likhA thA / kavipradatta prazasti isa prakAra hai - 'dravyasaMgrahazAstrasya 'bAlabodho' yathAmatiH / 'haMsarAjena munisA' paropakRtaye kRtaH / / 111 inakI anya racanA 'jJAna dvipaMcAzikA-jJAnabAvanI' bhI milatI hai| isakA ullekha mo.da. desAI ne 'jainagurjara kavio' bhAga 3 khaMDa 1, pR. 806 para kiyA hai| isakA 'lipikAla' saM. 1709 (1652 I.) hai| __ 'bhiSakcaRcittotsava'- ise 'haMsarAjanidAnam bhI kahate haiN| yaha AyurvedIya nidAna para bahuta uttama grantha hai / isakA vaidya-paramparAoM meM vizeSa kara jaina yati-paramparA meM bahuta vyavahAra hotA rahA hai| ___ isakI kucha hastalikhita pratiyoM meM anthAraMbha meM 'zrI pArzvanAthAya namaH' likhakara sarasvatI, umA aura dhanvantari ko namaskAra kiyA hai| ___ isa prantha kA nAma 'bhiSakcakra cattotsava' diyA hai, parantu ise lekhaka ne apane nAma se saMbaddha bhI batAyA hai 'bhiSakcakracittotsavaM' jADyanAzaM kariSyAmyahaM bAlabodhAya zAstran / namaskRtya 'dhanvantari' vaidyarAjaM jagadrogavidhvaMsanaM svena nAmnA / / 5 / / ' isake atirikta, brahmA, ziva, viSNu, zukra, bhAradvAja, gautama hArIta, caraka, atri, vRhaspati, dhanvantari, mAdhava, azvinI kumAra, nakula, pArAzara muni, dAmodara, vAgbhaTa aura / eka anya haMsarAja tapAgacchIya hIravijayasUri ke ziSya the inakA 'vardhamAnajinastavana' 100 padya, saM. 1652 ke pUrva kA likhA milatA hai| isameM apanA paricaya isa prakAra diyA hai - 'tapagaccha ThAkura guNa virAgara, 'hIravijaya' sUrIzvara, 'haMsarAja vaMde mana pAraNaMde, kahe dhanamukha eha guru / / ' inakA anya grantha 'hIravijayasUri lAbha pravahaNa sajvAma' hai [desAI, jaina gu. ka., bhAga 3, khaDa 1, pR, 805] / [ 123 ]

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vaidyaka meM nipuNa muniyoM ko namaskAra kiyA hai - 'brahma zo garuDadhvajo bhRgusuto bhAradvAjo gautamo hArItazcarako'trikaH suragururdhanvantaridhivaH / nAsatyo nakula: parAzara munirdAmodaro vAgbhaTo ye'nye vaidyavizAradAH munivarAstebhyo'parebhyo namaH / / 6 / / yaha padya dIpakacandravAcakakRta 'laMghanapathpanirNaya' (saM. 1702 ) meM uddhRta huA hai| granthakArane Atreya, dhanvantari, suzruta, azvinIkumAra, hArIta, mAdhava, suSeNa, dAmodara, vAgbhaTa, sanatakumAra aura caraka Adi ke mata (grantha) dekhakara isakI racanA kI hai - Atreya- dhanvantari suzrutAnAM nAsatyahAritakamAdhavAnAm / suSeNadAmodara vAgbhaTAnAM dasrasvayambhUcarakAdikAnAm / / 7 / / eSAM samAlokya mataM muhurmuhuntho manojJaH kriyate mayA'dhunA / pIradoSa racito'lpamedhasAM jJAnAya nUnaM bhiSajAtmamAninAm / / 8 / / graMtha meM adhyAyAMta puSpiAkaoM meM--"iti zrIbhiSakcakracittotsave haMsarAjakRte vaidyazAstre".... likhA milatA hai, parantu kevala jvaranidAna ke anta meM ise 'haMsarAjanidAna' bhI kahA hai- 'iti 'zrI bhiSakcakracittotsave haMsarAja kRte haMsarAjanidAne vaidyazAstre jvaralakSaNaM prathamam / ' 'haMsarAjanidAna' nAma se hI yaha adhika prasiddha hai| cikitsA karane se pUrva deza, bala, avasthA, kAla, gabhiNI ke roga, auSadha aura vRddha vaidya ke mata jAna lene cAhie - "deza balaM vayaH kAlaM gurviNI gadamauSadham / vRddhavaidyamataM jJAtvA cikitsAmarabhettataH / / 100" grantha ke anta meM hari (viSNu) ko smaraNa kiyA hai - 'bhiSakcakracittotsavaM vaidyakazAstraM kRtaM haMsarAjena pdhrmnojnyH| suhRdya ra doSairujIdhvAntanAzaM hareraGighrasaMsevanAnandamUrteH / / 11 / (mUtralakSaNAMta) mAdhavanidAna ke samAna isameM rogoM kA viziSTakrama milatA hai prArambha meM nADIparIkSA va roga-hetu batAye haiN| phira kramazaH jvara, atisAra, saMgrahaNI, arza, bhagaMdara, ajIrNa, alasaka, vilaMbikA, kRmi, pANDu, kAmalA - kumbhakAmalAhalomaka-pAnakI, raktapitta, rAjayakSmA, kAsa, hikkA, zvAsa, svarabheda, aruci, chadi, tRSNA, dAha, madAtyaya, unmAda, apasmAra, vAtavyAdhi, vAtarakta, urustaMbha, AmavAta, pariNAmazUla-zUla, AnAha-udAvarta, gulma, hadroga, mUtrakRccha,, mUtrAghAta, azmarI, prameha, piTikA-masUrikA, pramehapiTikA, medavRddhi, gaNDamAlA, zlIpada, vidradhi, upadaMza, zUkadoSa, kuSTha, udarda, amlapitta, visarpa, kSudraroga, mukharoga, karNaroga, nAsAroga, netraroga, mastakaroga, strI roga, prasUti, bAlaroga, viSaroga, mUtraparIkSA, napuMsakalakSaNa / [ 124 ]

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yaha grantha sragdharA, zArdUlavikriDita, bhujaMgaprayAta Adi lalita padyoM meM racA gayA hai / yaha grantha dattarAma mAthura kRta 'haMsarAjArthabodhinI' bhASATIkAsAhina navalakizora presa, lakhanaU se prakAzita hai / khemarAja zrIkRSNadAsa, baMbaI se bhI saM. 1979 meM isakA prakAzana huA thA / jaina sAhityakA vRhad itihAsa, bhAga 5 pR. 231 para likhA hai 'haMsarAja nAmaka vidvAn ne 'cikitsotsava' nAma 1700 zloka pramANa graMtha kA nirmANa kiyA hai / yaha grantha dekhane meM nahIM AtA hai / ' hastiruci (1669 I.) jaina vidvAnoM dvArA viracita vaidyakagraMthoM meM hastirucikRta 'vaidyavallabha' kA anyatama sthAna hai / yaha grantha uttara madhyayugIna jaina- yati evaM vaidyoM kI paramparA meM bahuta samAdRta huA | rAjasthAna evaM gujarAta meM isakA paryApta pracAra-prasAra rahA / arAvalI ke pazcima meM gujarAta aura mAravAr3a kA kSetra paraspara jur3A huA hai / prAcIna samaya meM donoM kSetroM meM eka hI apabhraMza bhASA bolI jAtI thI, jisase kAlAMtara meM sambhavataH caudahavIM zatI ke bAda pradezoM kI bhinnatA ke AdhAra para gujarAta meM gujarAtI evaM mAravAr3a meM marubhASA vikasita huI / parantu sAMskRtika AdAna-pradAna to bahuta bAda taka pracalita rhaa| mAravAr3a ke jainayati-muni bhI mAravAr3a evaM gujarAta meM vicaraNa karate the / hastiruci kA vihAra bhI pazcimI bhArata meM rahA / ata: unakA yaha grantha isa kSetra meM bahuta prasiddha rahA / hastiruci tapAcchIya ruci zAkhA ke jaina yati the / 'citrasena padmAvati rAsa' (gujarAtI) ke anta meM unhoMne apanI guru-paramparA isa prakAra dI hai - 'siri 'tapagacha' kaja dinamaNI, jayavaMtAre, 'zrI horavijaya sUrirAja', sAdhu guNavaMtAre, pratibodho pAtasyA jiNi ja. kariyA koDigame dharmakAja, sA. 1 * 1 priyavrata zarmA ne harSakIrtisUri kI bhAMti hastiruci ko bhI tapAgaccha kA nivAsI batAyA hai| 'lekhaka mahopAdhyAya hitarucigariga kA ziSya thA aura tapAgaccha kA nivAsI thaa| yaha smaraNIya hai ki tapAgaccha kA nivAsI yogacitAmariNa kA praNetA harSakIrti bhI thA / saMbhavataH ye donoM samakAlIna hoN|' (prA. vai. i. pR. 299) vastutaH ye donoM bAteM zuddha haiM / harSakIrtisUri aura hastiruci donoM zvetAMbara jaina tapAgaccha paramparA ke the| donoM ke kAla meM bhI kAphI antara hai| harSakIti kA kAla 1600 I, ke lagabhaga hai, aura hastirucikA kAla 17vIM ( 1673 I.) zatIkA uttarArdha hai / [ 125 ]

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'zrI vijayasena' tasa paTadharu, ja., sakala sUrisiratAja, sA. zamadama vidyAguNanilo, ja., sakala sUri siratAja, sA. 2 tasa paTa dIpaka jAgi jayo, ja. zrI vijayadevasUriMda, sA. tapajapa kiriyA guNanilo ja. praNamu pada araviMda, sA. 3 tasa gacha savi kavitilo ja., lakSmIruci' kavirAya, 'vijayakuzala' kavi tehano, sIsa 'udayaruci' kahivAya / 4 ziSya sattAvIsa tehaneM, tapa japa vidyAvaMta zrI hitaci upabhmAyano, sIsa kara joki SabhaNaMta / 5 graMthAgara akSara gaNyo, bArasayAM paMcAsa, . zrI bagalAmukhI sasimukhI, dhyAna dharI maniM tAsa / 6 sA sAminI supasAule, siddhAMtasAra e graMtha, rasika loka vallabha racio kahe 'hastiruci' nigrantha / 7 saMvata 'satara sattarottari' vijaya dazamI zubhadinna / 'amadAbAda' AlhAdasyu, zrI saMgha sahu suprasanna / 8' aMta meM likhA hai-tapagacchi dIpe kumati cIpe upAya 'hitaruci' hita kro| tasa sIsa 'hastiruci' prema pramANe sakala maMgala jaya kro|| (jaina gurjara kavio, bhAga 2, pR. 185-86 para uddhRta) tapAgaccha meM 'hIravijayasUri' hue, jinhoMne bAdazAha akabara ko pratibodha diyA thaa| unake paTTadhara 'vijayasena sUri' hue, unake paTTadhara 'vijayadevasUri hue / unake gaccha meM kavioM kI parampara. meM 'lakSmIruci' kavi hue, unake ziSya 'vijayakuzala' kavi hue, unake ziSya 'udayaruci'kavi hue| udayaruci ke sattAIsa ziSya the jo japa, tapa aura vidyA meM nipuNa the / unameM se eka hitaruci hue| unake hI ziSya hastiruci hue / ye prakANDa vidvAna aura prasiddha cikitsaka the / svayaM ko inhoMne 'kavi' kahA hai| hastiruci ko gujarAtI bhASA meM 'citrasena padmAvati rAsa' nAmaka kAvya-racanA milatI hai / isakI racanA kavi ne ahamadAbAda meM saM. 1717 (1660 I.) vijayAdazamI ke dina pUrNa kI thii| nizcitarUpa se kahA nahIM jA sakatA ki hastiruci kisa kSetra ke nivAsI the| jaina muni vihAra karate hue anyatra bhI jAte rahate haiN| kucha inheM mAravAr3a kSetra kA mAnate haiM / parantu inakA gujarAtanivAsI honA pramANita hotA hai / vaidyaka para inakI do racanAeM milatI haiM-1 vaidyavallabha aura 2 vandhyAkalpacaupaI 1 durgAzaMkara kevalarAma zAstrI ne likhA hai-'yaha grantha saM. 1670 meM racA gayA thA, aisA goMDala ke itihAsa meM likhA hai, kartA kA nAma hastiruci ke sthAna para hastisUri likhA hai|' (prAyurvedano itihAsa, pR. 244) [ 126 ]

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1 vaidyavallabha yaha grantha mUlataH saMkRta meM padyabaddha likhA gayA thaa| phira isakA, saMbhavataH lekhaka (hastiruci) ne hI gujarAtI meM anuvAda kiyA thaa| mUlagrantha kA racanAkAla saMvat 1726 (1669 I.) diyA hai / 'teSAM zizunAM hastirucinA sadva dyavallabho granthaH / rasanayanamuniMduvarSe paropakArAya vihitoyaM / / ' (granthAMta) bhAMDArakara o.ri.iM pUnA kI hastalikhita prati (graMthAMka 281,599/1899-1915) ke anta meM do padya adhika milate haiN| unase jJAta hotA hai ki tapAgaccha ke udayaruci ke hitaruci Adi aneka ziSya hue jo 'upAdhyAya' pada ko dhAraNa karate the / 'zrImattapAgaNAMbhojanAyakena nabhomaNi / prAjJodayarucirnAma babhUva viduSAgraNI / / 55 / / tasyAneke mahaziSyA hitAdirucayo vasa / ' jaganmAnyArupAdhyAyapadasya dhArakA'bhavat / / 56 / / ' aMtima puSpikA isa prakAra milatI hai-'iti zrIkavi hastirurikRtavedyavallabho grNthsNpuurnn||' yaha grantha mathurA nivAsI paM. rAdhAcaMdra zarmA kRta brajabhASATIkA sahita veMkaTezvara presa bambaI se saM. 1978 meM prakAzita huA hai / isa grantha meM ATha vilAsa' (adhyAya) haiM -1 sarvajvarapratIkAra nirUpaNa (28padya), 2 strIrogapratikAra ( 41 padya) 3 kAsa-kSaya-zopha-phiraGga-vAyu-pAmA-dadru-raktapitta prabhRtirogapratIkAra (30), 4 dhAtu-prameha-mUtrakRccha -liGgavardhana-vIryavRddhi-bahumUtra prabhRti rogapratIkAra (26), 5 guda-rogapratIkAra (24), 6 kuSThAveSa-gulma-maMdAgnipAMDu-kAmalodararogaprabhRtipratIkAra(26),7ziraHkAkSibhramamUrchA-saMdhivAta-pranthi-vAtarakta pittasnAyukAdiprabhRti-pratIkAra (42), 8 pAka-guTikAdyadhikAra-zeSaroganirUpaNasannipAta hivakA-jAnukampAdiprabhRti-pratIkAra (40) / isameM rogAnusAra yogo kA saMgraha hai| saba yoga anubhUta, sarala aura choTe haiM / uSNa vAta-mUtrakaccha meM zorA cInI ke sAtha denA, krimiroga meM mahAnimbapatrasvarasa kA sevana, Adi yoga draSTavya haiM / zvetapradara ko striyoM kA 'ghAturoga' (2/17) kahA gayA hai / sore (4/16) kA sUryakSAra nAma likhA hai / kucha rasayoga bhI diye haiM-jaise icchA bhedI, sarva kuSThAri Adi / harSakIrtisUri ke 'yogacintAmaNi' se bhI kucha yoga liye gaye haiM 'makhe makhabhujAM gaNaM kila nimantrya dakSaHpurA' Adivacana isameM bhI milate haiM / grantha ke anta meM 'jva rAtisAranAzakaguTikA' 'murAdizAha' dvArA nirmita hone kA ullekha hai 'kSaudraNa vA patrarasena kAyAM jvarAtisArAmayanAzinI guttii| rUpAgnibalavIryavarddhanI 'murAdisAhena vinirmitA svayam / / 4011 [ 127 ]

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yaha murAdazAha auraMgajeba kA bhAI thA, jo 1661 I. meM mArA gayA thA / zIghra hI yaha grantha lokapriya ho gayA thA / isakI lokapriyatA isa tathya se jJAta hotI hai ki isa graMtha kI racanA ke tIna varSa bAda arthAt saM. 1729 meghabhaTTa nAmaka vidvAn ne isa para saMskRta TIkA likhI thI, isako puSpikA meM likhA hai 'vi. saM. 1729 varSe bhAdrapadamAse site pakSe bhaTTameghaviracitasaMskRta TIkATippaNIsahitaH saMpUrNaH / ' yaha TIkAkAra zaiva thA / isake prapitAmaha kA nAma nAgarabhaTTa, pitAmaha kA nAma kRSNabhaTTa tathA pitA kA nAma nIlakaNTha diyA hai / megha kI saMskRta TIkA ke atirikta isa para hindI, rAjasthAnI aura gujarAtI meM aneka stabaka aura vivecana likhe gaye haiM / vandhyA kalpa caupAI - nAgarIpracAriNI sabhA ke khoja vivaraNa pR. 33 para inakI isa racanA kA ullekha hai / isake antima bhAga meM 'kahiM kavi hasti harinoM dAsa" likhA hai / ataH saMbhavata: yaha kisI anya kI racanA pratIta hotI hai / 2 'hastiruci gaNi' ke anya grantha bhI milate haiM / mo.da. desAI ne 'jaina sAhityato itihAsa' (pR. 664 para inakA granthapraNayanakAla saM. 1717 se 1739 mAnA hai / inhoMne 'SaDAvazyaka' para vi. saM. 1697 meM vyAkhyA likhI hai / I mathena rAkhecA (1671 I.) 'mathena' yA 'matheraNa' zabda gRhasthI bane hue jaina yati ke lie prayukta hotA hai / 'mathena rAkhecA' kA vizeSa vRta prApta nahIM hotaa| isane bIkAnera ke mahArAjA anUpasiMha (1668 se 1699 I ) ke Adeza se auraMgAbAda (mahArASTra) meM saMvat 1728 jeTha sudI 7 ko pAlakApya viracita 'hastyAyurveda' yA 'gajazAstra' para 'amara-subodhinI' nAmaka bhASATIkA likhI thI / antima puSpikA meM likhA hai ' iti pAlakApya riSi viracitAyAM tadbhASArthaM nAma amarasubodhinI nAmA bhASArtha prakAzikAyAM samAptA zubhaM bhavatu / saM. 1728 varSe jeTha sudI 7 dine mahArAjAdhirAja mahArAjA zrI 'anUpasiMha jI' pustaka likhApitaH / mathena rAkhecA likhitam / zrI 'auraMgAbAda' madhye ' isakI hastalikhita prati anUpasaMskRta lAibrerI, bIkAnera meM surakSita hai / isameM hAthiyoM ke prakAra, unake rogoM va cikitsA kA vivaraNa diyA gayA hai | 1 jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa, bhAga 5, pR. 230 para pAdaTipparaNI / [128]

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bhASA-TIkA kA namUnA dekhie "inake vaMza ke tinake bheda / ju pAMDura varNa hoi| bhUre kes| nakhachavi pUcha hoi| dhIra hoi| risa karAI kre| su erApati ke vaMsa ko| AgI te kAhU te na Dera (Dare? ) nhiiN| dAMta seta / Agilo UMco gAtra / maretAI chvi| rAte netra / seta sudhedr| su puMDarIka ke vaMsa ko jaanive|" hemanidhAna (1676 I.) yaha kharataragacchIya the aura saMbhavataH bIkAnera ke nivAsI the / inhoMne 'sannipAtakAlikA-stabaka' TIkA kI racanA kI thii| isakA racanAkAla saM. 1733 (1676 I.) hai| isakI hastaprati binacAritrasUri bhaMDAra bIkAnera aura rA. prA. vi. pra. bIkAnera meM hai| nayanazekhara (1679 I.) yaha gujarAta ke nivAsI the| mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI ne likhA hai- 'vaidyaka viSaya para aba taka gujarAtI bhASA meM kisI ne padyamaya racanA nahIM kI thI, jo isa zataka (vikramI 18vIM zato) meM 'nayanazekhara' ne saM. 1736 meM 'yogaratnAkara' copaI racakara pUrNa kii| nayanazekhara zvetAMbara jaina-paramparA kI AMcala (maMcala) gaccha kI pAlItANI zAkhA ke jJAnazekhara ke ziSya the| vijayacaMda upAdhyAya dvArA jisa vidhipakSagaccha kI sthApanA kI gaI thI, usI kA nAma 1166 I. meM kumArapAla ke kAla meM AMcalagaccha huaa| isa gaccha meM amarasAgarasUri nAmaka muni bahu-sammAnita yugapradhAna virudadhArI aura rAjya-sammAna-prApta hue| unhoMne pAlitAcArya ke nAma para pAlItANI zAkhA calAI / graMtha ke anta meM nayanazekhara ne amarasAgarasUri kA paricaya isa prakAra diyA hai - 'zrI aMcalagacchi' giruA gacchapatI, mahA munIsara moTA yatI / zrI 'amarasAgara sUrIsara' jAMNa, tapa tejaI kari jIpaI bhANa // 92 / / suvihita gacchataNA siNagAra, jINaMI jItyu kAma vikAra / moharAya manAvyo hAri, kaSAya dUraMI kIdhA cAra / / 93 / / AcAryanA guNa chatrIsa, tiNi kari sohaI visavAvIsa / yugapradhAna viruda jehanaI, rAya 'rANA' mAnaI tehanaI / / 9411 tAsa taNaI paSi zAkhA ghaNI, eka eka mAMhi adhikI bhaNI / paMca mahAvrata pAlaI sAra, isA achaI jehanA aNagAra / / 94 / / / mo. da. desAI, janasAhityano saMkSipta itihAsa, (gujarAtI, 1933) pR. 669 [ 129 ]

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zAkhAmAMhi ati bhalI, 'pAlItANI zAkhA' guNa nilo / 'pAlitAcArya' kahII jeha, hUA gachapati je guNageha 119511 isake bAda isa zAkhA ke puSyatilakasUri se svayaM lekhaka (nayanazekhara ) taka kI paramparA dI gaI hai / inakI vaidyaka para 'yogaratnAkara copaI' nAmaka kRti milatI hai / hai / yaha grantha gujarAtI bhASA meM copaI chaMda meM likhA huA hai / 1736 (1679 I.) zrAvaNa zukla 3 budhavAra ko pUrNa huI thI sa - 'saMvata satara chatrI saI' jAMNi, uttama zrAvaNa mAsa varSANi / sukalapakSa tithi trItiyA valI, budhdhavAraI zubhavelA bhalI / / ' ( 91, graMthAMta ) yaha aprakAzita isakI racanA desAI ne bhAvanagara ke zrI kasturasAgarajI bhaMDAra kI hastalikhita prati ( li. kA . saM. 1836) kA uddharaNa diyA hai / isa graMtha meM 141 patra aura 9000 zloka haiM / vaidyaka para yaha copaI baddha uttama vistRta kRti hai / 1 jainagurjara kavipro, bhAga 2, pR. 351 mahimasamudra ( jinasamudrasUri (1680 I. ke lagabhaga ) * dIkSAvasthA meM sAdhu pada kA yaha zvetAmbara kI begar3azAkhA ke jainayati ( bhaTTAraka ) the / yaha zrImAlajAtIya zAha hararAja aura lakhamAdevI ke putra the / inakA nivAsa mAravAr3a kSetra jodhapura, bIkAnera, jaisalamera ) meM kahIM thA / inakA janma saM. 1670 ke lagabhaga huA thA / inakI dIkSA saM. 1682 ke lagabhaga huI thI / nAma 'mahimasamudra' thA / inake guru 'jinacandrasUri' the / saM. 1713 meM 'zvetAmbarI begar3agaccha' ke AcArya 'jinacandrasUri' kA svargavAsa hone para ye unake paTTadhara 'AcArya' bane aura unatIsavarSa taka gaccha kA netRtva kiyaa| taba inakA nAma 'jinasamudrasUri' prasiddha huA / saM 1741 kArtika sudi 15 ko varddhamapura meM 70 varSa kI Ayu meM inakA svargavAsa huA / apane dIrghakAlIna jIvana meM inhoMne jodhapura, siMdha, jaisalamera Adi kSetroM meM aneka sthAnoM para vihAra kiyA / batAyA jAtA hai ki inhoMne apane jIvanakAla meM savA lAkha zloka pramANa grantha race the / nAhaTAjI ne inake choTe-bar3e 35 graMthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| inakA racanAkAla saM. 1697 se 1740 taka hai / inake granthoM kI pratilipiyAM mukhyatayA jaisalamera ke bhaMDAroM meM prApta huI haiM / inake sampradAya ke sAdhuoM kI mukhya gaddI jaisalamera hI hai| isa vizAla sAhitya se inake gambhIra aura bahumukhI jJAna tathA kavitvazakti kA paricaya milatA hai / begar3agaccha meM saM. 1726 meM jinasamudrasUri se nayI zAkhA calI / inako jaisalamera ke rAvala amarasiMha ne 'mAnapaTolI' aura 'upAzraya' pradAna [ 130 ]

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kiyA thaa| inake ziSya mahimaharSe Adi hue|| inakI racanAoM kI bhASA rAjasthAnI arthAt (marubhASA mizrita hindI) hai| prAraMbhika racanAoM meM 'mahimAsamudra' nAma aura bAda kI racanAoM meM jinasamudrasUri' nAma milatA hai| yaha mugala bAdazAha zAhajahAM ke samakAlIna the| 'nArIgajala' meM vaha likhate haiM 'pAtisAhi sahara 'mulatAna' dise jarakAM kA thAMna / kAyama rAjA 'sAhajahAMna' ugyAM jANe sammo bhANa / / 41 'mahimAsamudra muni' illola, kIdhA kachu kavi kallola / suNakada sukha pAvai chayala, hIM hI hasai murikha bayala / / 401 saM. 1730 meM inhoMne jaisalamera gar3ha meM 'tatvaprabodhana' Taka' likhA thaa| usakI puSpikA meM likhA hai-"iti zrI tattvabodha nAma nATakaM saMpUrNam zrI vegaDagachAdhIza bhaTTAraka zrI jinasamudrasUribhiH kRtaM saM. 1720 kAtiyAM sita paMcamyAM gurau zrI jaisalamerugar3ha mahAdurge / mahAnaMdarAjye zrIH / zrIH zrIH / " inake dvArA bhartRhari ke 'vairAgyazataka' para vistAra se 'apabhraMza' (rAjasthAnIhindI) meM racita 'savArthasiddhi maNimAlA' nAmaka TIkA kA caturthaprakAza milatA hai / "aba zrI vairAgyazataka ke vi tRtIyaprakAza' vakhAnyau to aba anaMtari 'cothAprakAza guvAlerI' bhASA kari vakhAnatA huuN| prathama zAstrIka SadbhASA choDi kari yA 'apabhraMza' bhAkhA vIci asA grantha kI TIkA karaNI prii|" isake anta meM inhoMne batAyA hai ki isakI racanA vegaDagaccha ke ziSya-praziSyoM kI arthasiddhi ke lie kI gaI hai "mahAvairAgyakAraNaM subhASa sugamaM cakre zrIsamudrAdyaMtasUriNA / / 6 / / xxprodyatzrI vageDAkhyAgagana dinamaNinAM gaNInAM suziSyaH ziSyAnAmarthasidhyai / jinadadhira vibhi: zodhanIyAni vidbhiH / / 71 isake Age inakI guru-ziSya-paramparA kA ullekha milatA hai "iti zrI zvetAMbarasUri'ziromaNinAM paramAvyarhacchAsana gaganAM dinamaNinAM 'bhaTTAraka zrI jinezvarasUri' sUrINAM paTTe yugapradhAna pUjya parama pUjya paramadeva 'zrIjinacandrasUrIzvarANAM' ziSyeNa 'bhaTTAraka zrI jinasamudrasUriNA' viracitAyAM 'zrIbhartRhari' nAma 'vairAgyazataka' TIkAyAM 'sarvArthasiddhimaNimAlAyAM' 'caturthaprakAzoyaM' smaaptH|" ____ isakA racanAkAla saM. 1740 (1683 I.) kArtika zukla 15 pUrNimA, 'sAhasyabAde karNapure' diyA hai| grathAMta meM gaccha, gacchanAyaka Adi ke saMbaMdha meM saMskRta gadya meM vivaraNa diyA hai / / agaracanda nAhaTA, rAjasthAnI bhASA ke do mahAkAvya' zIrSaka lekha, rAjasthAnI, 2, kalakattA, pR, 45-47 / [ 131 1

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vaidyaka para jinasamudrasUri kI eka hI kRti milatI hai - 'vaidyakaciMtAmaNi' / vaidyakacitAmariNa graMthArambha meM guru aura bhAratI ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| grantha ke anya nAma 'vaidyakasAroddhAra aura 'samudrasiddhAMta' yA 'samudraprakAzasiddhAMta' bhI diye gaye haiN| yaha eka saMgrahagrantha hai ! aneka vaidyaka granthoM kA manthana kara yatiyoM ke upakAra hetu isa grantha kI bhASA meM racanA kI gayI hai| granthakAra ne caraka, suzruta, vAgbhaTa, zAGgadhara, Atreya, yogazataka Adi graMthoM kA avalokana va adhyayana kiyA thaa| 'yati upakAra taNI gdaii, gharI ANa citta cUpa / ra cauM vaidya ke kAja koM, vaidyaka grantha anUpa / / 6 / / vaidya grantha pahilI bahuta he piNa saMskRta vANi / tAta iM mugadha prabodha uM, bhASA grantha bakhAMNi / / 7 / / 'vAgbhaTa suzrata caraka'. phuni 'sAraMdhara' Atreya / 'yogazataka' Adika valI, vaidyaka graMtha ameya / / 8 / / tina savihuna ko mathana kari, dadhi teM jyu ghRtasAra / jyoM raciha' sama zAstra teM, 'vaidyakasAroddhAra' / 9 / / paripATI savi vaidyakI, AmanAya sazuddhi / 'vaidyaciMtAmaNi copaI, racahUM zAstra kI buddhi / / 10 // roganidAna cikicchakA, padya kriyAdika taMta / nAma dharayo ina grantha ko, 'zrIsamudrasiddhata / / 11 / / isameM rogoM ke nidAna, lakSaNa aura cikitsA kA vivaraNa hai| grantha copaI chaMda meM likhA gayA hai| sarvaprathama tIna prakAra ke dezoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isakI hastalikhita prati jaisalamera ke bar3e bhaMDAra meM surakSita hai| yaha prati apUrNa hai| madhya meM adhyAyAMta puSpikA isa prakAra milatI hai "iti zrI 'samudraprakAsa siddhAnte vidyA vilAsa catuSya dikAyAM varSA ri. samAptamiti / " graMtha kaNTharoga, tAluroga, kapAlavyathA Adi ke varNana ke sAtha samApta ho jAtA hai| grantha ke prArambha meM pArzvanAtha kI vaMdanA hai 'zrIgoDI phalavaddhipura', Adika tIratha jAsa / 'pArzvaprabhU' pRthivI prasiddha, pUraNa vAMchita Asa / / 2 / / inake guru jinacandrasUri ke guru jinezvarasUri kA ullekha bhI milatA hai 'saguru "jinezvarasUri' pada nAyaka 'jinncNdsuuri'| tAke caraNa kamala namU, dhara citta ANaMda pUri / / 5 / / (prArambha) [ 132 )

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dharmavaddhana yA dharmasI (1683 I.) dharmavarddhana kA janma nAma 'dharmasI' yA 'dharmasiMha' thA, jo unakI aneka racanAo meM milatA hai| dIkSA hone para inakA nAma 'dharmavarddhana' rakhA gayA / inakA vizeSa paricaya nahIM miltaa| rAjasthAna ke mAravAr3a kSetra meM inakA janma honA jJAta hotA hai| kyoMki bhramaNa aura vihAra isI kSetra ke aneka grAmoM aura nagaroM meM huA thaa| inakA janma saM. 1700 ke lagabhaga huA thA aura dIkSA saM. 1713 meM kharataragaccha ke AcArya jinacaMdrasUri ke dvArA huI thii| taba inakA dharmavarddhana nAma rakhA gayA aura inako muni vijaya harSa kA ziSya banA diyA gayA thaa| apane vidyAguru vijayaharSa ke pAsa rahakara inhoMne aneka zAstroM kA adhyayana kiyaa| inhoMne apanI racanAoM meM apanI guru-paramparA isa prakAra likhI hai jina bhadrasUri zAkhA ke upAdhyAya sAdhukIrti - sAdhusudara- vAcaka vimalakIrtivimala candra- vijyhrss-dhrmvddhn| sAdhukIti kA kAla saM. 1611 se 1642 hai / yaha akabara ke samakAlIna the / saM. 1740 meM dIkSAguru jinacandrasUri ne dharmavarddhana ko 'upAdhyAya' pada pradAna kiyaa| bIkAnera ke mahArAjA sujAnasiMha inase bahuta prabhAvita the| saMbhavataH inako rAjya-sammAna prApta thaa| dIkSA ke bAda dharmavarddhana adhikAMza kAla taka gacchanAyaka 'jinacaMdrasUri' aura unake svargastha hone para gacchanAyaka pada para AsIna 'jinasukhasUri' ke pAsa 'riNI' (bIkAnera kSetra meM) rhe| isake bAda bIkAnera meM Akara rahane lge| yahIM saM. 1783-84 meM inakA svargavAsa ho gyaa| bIkAnera ke railadAdAjI (gurumaMdira) meM saM. 1784 kI banI huI inakI chatrI vidyamAna hai / ____ inakI pratibhA bahumukhI thii| saMskRta, rAjasthAnI aura hindI meM inakI racanAeM milatI haiN| siMdhI meM bhI do stavana haiN| inake graMthoM kA saMpAdana agaracanda nAhaTA ne 'dharmavaddhana granthAvalI' meM bIkAnera se saM. 2017 meM kiyA hai| vaidyaka para inakI 'ubhakriyA' nAmaka kRti upalabdha hai / DaMbhakriyA yaha agnidAha prakriyA para 21 padyoM meM viracita choTI sI racanA hai| agni se dAha karane (DAmane) kI kriyA Ayurveda kI zalyacikitsA kA anyatama bhAga hai| gAMvoM , -jaina gurjara kavipro, bhAga 2, pR. 339-346 -agaracanda nAhaTA : rAjasthAnI sAhitya aura jainakavi dharmavarddhana, zIrSaka lekha, 'rAjasthAnI' varSa 2, aMka 2, pR. 1-221 -agaracanda nAhaTA, 'dharmavaddhanagnathAvalI, bIkAnera', saM. 2017 / [ 133 ]

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meM Aja bhI yaha pracalita hai| vibhinna rogoM meM zarIra ke bhinna-bhinna sthAnoM para agnikarma karane kA vidhAna milatA hai| isa grantha meM bhI yaha kriyA batAyI gaI hai| 'DaMbha' zabda 'DAmane' yA 'DAMbhane' ke artha meM hai| ise vAgbhaTa' ke varNana ke AdhAra para bhASA meM padyabaddha kara likhA gayA hai| isase jJAta hotA hai ki dharmavarddhana isa prakriyA ke jJAtA the aura unheM agni-karma cikitsA kA acchA anubhava huA thaa| aneka rogoM meM agnikarma kahAM aura kaise kiyA jAtA hai-isakA isa grantha meM varNana hai / granthArambha meM lekhaka ne likhA hai 'zaMkara gaNapati sarasvatI, praNamusaba sukhakAra / vaidyAnike upakAraku, agnikarma kahu sAra / / 1 / / jo 'carakAdika' grantha meM, vividha kahyau vistAra / 'vAgbhaTa' taiM meM kahuM, bhASA baMdha prakAra / / 2 / / isameM 24 rogoM para 'daMbhakriyA' batAyI gayI hai-(padya 3) - 1. jvara, 2. sannipAta, 3. atisAra, 4. saMgrahaNI, 5. pAMDu. 6. golA, 7. zUla, 8. hRdayaroga, 9. zvAsa, 10. kAsa, 11. raktasrAva, 12. zIrSazUla, 13. netraroga, 14. unmAdavAta, 15. kaTIvAta, 16. zItAMgatA, 17. mRgIvAta, 18. kaMpavAta, 19. zopha, 10. udara, 21. jalodara, 22. aMDavRddhi, 2 3. dhanurvAta Adi / grantha kA racanAkAla saMvat 1740 (168 3 I.) vijayAdazamI diyA hai - 'satarai cAlIsa 'vijayAdazamI' dine, 'gaccha kharatara' jagi jIta sarva vidyAjine / "vijayaharSa' vidyamAna ziSya tinake sahI, parihAM, kavi 'dharmasI' upagArai 'daMbhakriyA' kahI / / 21 / / lakSmIvallabha (1684 I., satrahavIM zatI kA uttarArdha) rAjasthAnI sAhitya ke kSetra meM jaina yati lakSmIvallabha kA sthAna bahuta mahatvapUrNa hai| inake janmasthAna, janmasaMvat, vaMza, mAtA-pitA aura gRhastha jIvana kA koI patA nahIM cltaa| inakA mUla janma kA nAma 'hemarAja' tathA kAvya meM upanAma 'rAjakavi' thaa| inakA janma saM. 1690 se 1703 ke bIca honA mAnA jAtA hai| saMbhavataH inhoMne saM. 1707 meM dIkSA lI thii| inakI kRtiyoM meM sarvaprathama 'kumArasaMbhavavRti' kA racanAkAla saM. 1721 milatA hai| inake ziSya zivavarddhana ko saM. 1713 meM dIkSA dI gaI thii| inakI antima racanA saM. 1747 meM hissAra (paMjAba) meM likhI huI milatI hai| inakI mRtyu saM. 1780 ke lagabhaga mAnI jAtI hai| inake ziSyoM meM zivavarghana aura harSasamudra mukhya mAne jAte haiM / ye mAravAr3a yA bIkAnera kSetra ke nivAsI the| inakA sArA samaya bIkAnera, [ 134

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paMjAba Adi kSetroM meM vihAra karate hue vyatIta huA thA / zAkhA ke lakSmIkIrti ke ziSya the / kharatara gacchIya kSemakIrti 14vIM zatI meM kharataragaccha meM jinakuzalasUri prabhAvazAlI aura pratibhAvAna AcArya hue | ve 'dAdA jinakuzalasUri' nAma se prasiddha haiM / unake ziSya upAdhyAya 'vinayaprabha' hue / unake ziSya upAdhyAya 'vijayatilaka' unake ziSya vAcaka 'kSemakIrti' hue / kSemakIrti ne kharataragaccha meM 'kSemakIrti kSemaghAr3I' nAmaka svataMtra zAkhA calAI / yaha kSemakIrtizAkhA bhI kahalAtI hai / kSemakIrti ke ziSya - paramparA meM kramazaH upAdhyAya 'taporatna' - upAdhyAya 'tejarAja ' - vAcaka 'bhuvanakIrti' - vAcaka 'harSaku jara' - vAcaka 'labdhimaMDana' - upAdhyAya 'lakSmIkIrti' ( inakA janma - nAma lakSmIcaMda thA ) - lakSmIvallabha hue / lakSmIvallabha inakA dIkSA nAma thA / saMbhavataH saM. 1713 se pUrva hI AcArya 'jina rAjasUri' yA 'jinaratnasUri' ne inako dIkSita kara upAdhyAya 'lakSmIkIrti' kA ziSya banAyA thA / inakI pacAsa se adhika hindI, rAjasthAnI aura saMskRta meM kRtiyAM milatI haiM / kAvyoM meM inhoMne apanA upanAma 'rAjakavi' likhA hai / inakA hindI, rAjasthAnI aura saMskRta bhASAoM para acchA adhikAra thA / yaha advitIya pratibhA ke dhanI the / inake aneka viSayoM -kAvya, vyAkaraNa, chaMda, bhASAzAstra, vaidyaka aura dharma para likhe hue grantha milate haiM / saMskRta aura prAkRta graMthoM kI TIkAeM bhI likhI haiM / 2 inakI adhikAMza racanAeM saM. 1720 se 1750 ke bIca meM likhI huI haiM / 1 mo. da. desAI ne 'jaina gurjara kavizrI' bhAga 2, pR. 243-45 para lakSmIvallabha kI guru-ziSya - paramparA isa prakAra dI hai lakSmIkIti-kSema ( tra) kIti - somaharSa - lakSmIvallabha / desAI ne inake cAra granthoM kA vivaraNa diyA hai - ( 1 ) ratanahAsa caupaI saM. 1725, (2) zramarakumAra caritrarAsa, (3) vikramAditya paMcadaMDarAsa saM. 17:7, phA. zu. - 5, (4) rAtrI bhojana copaI- saM. 1738 vaM. zu. 7, bIkAnera meM / inhIM graMthoM ko nAhaTAjI ne upAdhyAya lakSmIkIrti ke ziSya lakSmIvallabha kI kRtiyAM mAnA hai / (dekheM, rAjasthAna meM hindI ke hastalikhita graMthoM kI khoja, bhAga 2, pR. 158) / mukhya - TIkA graMtha 'uttarAdhyayana sUtravRti', kalpasUtra para 'kalpadra umakalikA', 'kumArasaMbhavavRti', 'dharmopadezavRti' zrAdi haiM agaracanda nAhaTA ne unake saMskRtakAvya ke 13, gadyabhASA ke 1, hindI kAvya sindhI bhASA ke stavana 3, rAjasthAnI bhASA ke 11, saiddhAMtIya vicAra stavana 7 aura bhaktipada 25 kA ullekha kiyA hai (dekheM - unakA lekha, 'rAjasthAnI bhASA ke do mahAkavi', rAjasthAnI, 2, pR, 52-54 1 [ 135 ] 2

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inakI do vaidyaka kRtiyAM milatI haiM - 'kAlajJAna' aura 'mUtraparIkSA' / ye donoM rAjasthAnI meM padyabaddha racanAeM haiM / (1) kAlajJAna bhASA yaha zaMbhunAthakRta saMskRta ke 'kAlajJAnam' kA padyabaddha bhASAnuvAda hai / ataH bhASA-baMdha meM lakSmIvallabha ne bhI grantha ke prArambha meM zakti, ziva aura gaNeza kI vaMdanA kI hai ' sakati zaMbhu zaMbhU - sutana, dhari tInoM kA dhyAna / suMdara bhASA baMdha kara, karihuM kAla gyAMna // 1 bhASita 'zaMbhunAtha' ko, jAnata kAla gyAna / jAne Aucha mAsa the, dhura teM vaidya sujAna 12 prArambhika padyoM meM hI lekhaka ne apanI guru-ziSya - paramparA kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai-- ' zrI 'jinakuzalasUrIsa' guru, bhae kharatara prabhu mukhya / 'khemakIrti' vAcaka bhae, tAsu paraMpara ziSya / / 71 | tA sAkhA meM dIpate, bhae adhika parasiddha | zrI 'lakSmIkIrti' tihAM, upAdhyAya bahu buddhi 1172 || zrI 'lakSmIvallabha' bhae, pAThaka tAke ziSya / kAlagyAna bhASA racyo, pragaTa aratha paratakSa 1173 1 isakA racanAkAla saM. 1741 (1684 I ) zrAvaNa zuklA 15 guruvAra diyA hai'candra 1 veda4 muni 7 bhU 1 pramita, saMvatsara nabha mAsa / pUnama dina guruvAra yuta, siddhayoga suvilAsa 170 puSpikA meM likhA hai - ' iti kAlagyAne ||5|| ' isameM kula 178 padya haiM / bhASA sarasa aura sarala hai / isameM pAMca samuddeza (adhyAya ) haiM / bhASAprabandhe zrI lakSmIvallabhaviracite paMcama samudde yaha dohe, caupAI, soraTha chaMdoM meM likhA gayA hai / lekhaka ne vaidyaka-vidyA kI prazasti nimna padyoM meM likhI hai - 'jaga vaidyaka vidyA jisI, nahIM na vidyA aura / phaladAyaka paratakhi pragaTa, saba vidyA ko maura 11166 1 roga nivAraNa yaha kareM, kareM dharma kI vRddhi | dhana kI bhI prApti karai, duhu loka meM dvaya siddhi 11671 vaidya kahuM dharma hui, kahuM hui dhana ko lobha / kahuM kArija kahuM hoi jasa, kahuM prIti kI zobha / / 168 / vaidyakateM huI catura paNa, bar3I Thaura sammAna | prasiddha hoi saba deza meM, Ana na aise jJAna ||1691 | 136 ]

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(2) mUtraparIkSA-- yaha laghukRti kevala 37 padyoM meM pUrNa huI hai| prApta hastalikhita prati (navalanAthajI kI bagIcI bIkAnera) kA lekhana kAla 'saMvat 1751 varSa kArtika vadi 6 dine zrI bIkAnera madhye / ' diyA hai| ata: isakI racanA isase kucha pUrva hI honA pramANita hotA hai| saMbhavataH yaha racanA bhI kisI saMskRta kRti kA rAjasthAnI meM padyamaya bhASAnuvAda hai| graMtha kA antima padya dekhie 'mUtraparIkSA yaha kahI, 'lacchi vallabha' kavirAja / bhASA baMdha su atisugama, bAla bodha ke kAja / / 37 / / mAnamuni yA mAnakavi (1688 I.) yaha kharataragacchIya 'bhaTTAraka jinacanda' kI ziSya paramparA meM vAcaka sumatisumeru ke ziSya the| yaha bIkAnera ke nivAsI the| nimna paMktiyoM meM inhoMne aparA paricaya diyA hai "bhaTTAraka jinacaMda' guru, saba gaccha ke siradAra / kharatara gaccha mahimAnilo, saba jana ko sukhakAra / / 11 / / jAko gacchavAsI pragaTa, vAcaka 'sumati sumera' / tAko ziSya 'muni mAnajI', vAsI 'bIkAnera' / / 12 / / (kavivinoda, graMthAraMbha) 'kharataragaccha sAkhA pragaTa, vAcaka sumati sumera' / tAko ziSya 'muni mAnajI' kInI bhASA phera // 278 / / (vahI, dvitIya khaMDa) inakI anya racanA 'kavipramoda' meM inhoMne apane ko sumati sumerugaNi ke bhrAtA vinayamerugaNi kA ziSya likhA hai 'yugapradhAna jinacaMda' prabhu, jagata mAMhi paradhAna / vidyA caudaha pragaTa bhukha, dizi cAro madhi AMna / / 9 / / kharatara gaccha zira para mukuTa, savitA jema prakAza / jAke dekhai bhavika jana, harakhai mana ullAsa / / 10 / / 'sumatisumera' vAcaka prakaTa, pAThaka zrI vinaimera' / tAko ziSya 'munimAnajI', vAsI 'bIkAnera' / / 11 / ' (kavipramoda, graMthAraMbha) 'kharataragaccha parasiddha jagi, vAcaka 'sumatimera' / vinayamera' pAThaka pragaTa, kIye duSTa jaga jera / / 98 / / tAko ziSya 'muni mAnajI', bhayau sabani parasiddha / guru prasAda ke vacana te, bhASA ko nava siddha / / 99 / / (vahI, graMthAMta) [ 137 ]

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isa grantha kI antima puSpikA meM likhA hai 'iti zrI kharatara gacchIya vAcaka zrI vinamairu gaNi ziSya mAMnajI viracite bhASA sumati meru gaNi tadbhrAtR pAThaka zrI kavipramoda rasa graMthe paMca karma sneha vRntAdi jvaracikitsA kavitta baMdha caupaI dodhaka varNano nAma navamoddesaH || 9 || kharataragaccha meM 'yugapradhAna jinacaMdrasUri' kA viziSTa sthAna hai / ( janma saM. 1598, dIkSA saM. 1604, AcArya saM 1612, yugapradhAna pada saM. 1649, svarga. saM. 1670) janmasthAna - tIvarI ke pAsa baDalI gAMba, svargavAsa - bilADA ( mAravADa ) | inakA vihAra mAravAr3a, gujarAta, paMjAba meM rahA / saM. 1648 meM mugala samrATa akabara ke AmaMtraNa para khambhAta se anya 31 jaina sAdhuoM sahita vihAra kara lAhora meM usase bheMTa kI / apane upadezoM se use prabhAvita kiyA aura tIrthoM kI rakSA va ahiMsA pracAra hetu aneka pharamAna jArI karAye | rAjasthAnI sAhitya meM 'mAna' nAma ke aneka vyaktiyoM kA ullekha milatA hai; kintu inase bhinna AyurvedajJa 'mAna' the / inake nAma ke sAtha 'kavi aura muni' vizeSaNa kA hI vyavahAra huA hai / zrI agaracanda nAhaTA ne rAjasthAnI kA prasiddha zRMgAragranya 'saMyoga dvAtriMzikA', jise ama caMda muni ke anurodha para saM. 731 meM likhA thA, ke kartA ko mAnamuni mAnA hai; bhASAviSayaka jo prauDhatva saMyogadvAtriMzikA' meM hai, vaisA Ayurveda viSayaka racanAoM meM dekhane ko nahIM milatA / isa grantha meM lekhaka ne apane ko 'mAna kavi kahA hai munimAna kI vaidyaka granthoM ke racanAkAla aura isa grantha ke racanAkAla meM paryApta aMtarAla bhI hai / dUsare 'mAna' vijaya gacchIya jaina yati the / saMbhavataH ye mevAr3a ke nivAsI the / inhoMne saM 1734-40 meM mevAr3a ke mahArANA rAjasiMha ke saMbaMdha meM 'rAjavilAsa' nAmaka kharataragaccha kA itihAsa, (saM. agaracanda nAhaTA ), 1959, pR, 193 2 isa graMtha ke anta meM likhA hai 1 pravi surAga subhASita suMdara rUpa zragUr3ha sarUpa chattIsI / paMca sayoga kahe tadanaMtara, prIti kI rIti bakhAna tittIsI // saMvata caMdra | samudra 7 zivAkSa 3, zazI / yuti vAsa vicAra ittIsI / caita sitA suchaTTi gira pati, mAna racI yuM saMyoga cha ( ba ?) tIsI ||2|| dohA- zramaracaMda muni zrAgrahe samarabhaTTa sarasatti / - 2 sagama basIsIracI, zrAchI zrAni ukatti 1173 // iti zrIma-ma nakaviviracitAyAM saMyogadvAtriMzikAyAM nAyakA nAyaka nAma caturyonmAdaH ||4 iti saMgama battIsI saMpUrNam // 138 } paraspara saMyoga

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bIrarasa kAvya kA praNathana kiyA thA / kRtitva- vaidyaka para muni mAnajI kI do racanAeM milatI haiM(1) kavivinoda (2) kavipramoda | inakI anya racanA 'vaidyakasArasaMgraha' bhI batAyI jAtI hai / ke 14veM khoja vivaraNa, pR. 617 para isa kRti kA ullekha hai tathA pR, 47 para likhA hai - " isI viSaya kA dUsarA grantha 'vaidyakasArasaMgraha' jo inhIM kA racA jAna par3atA hai / " (1) kavivinoda (1688 I.) yaha grantha auSadhi aura romoM ke nidAna - cikitsA ke saMbaMdha meM likhA gayA hai 'guru prasAda bhASA karU, samajha sakai saba koI 1 oSada roga nidAna kachu, 'kavivinoda' yaha hoI ||511 ( granthArambha ) nAgarIpracAriNI sabhA 15 veM khoja vivaraNa aura milatA hai, yaha hindI - rAjasthAnI meM padyabaddha racanA hai| isakI racanA lAhora meM saM. 1745 (1688 I.) vaizAkha zuklA 5 somavAra ko huI thI 'saMvata satarahasai samai, paiMtAle vaizAkha / zukla pakSa paMcama dinai, somavAra yaha bhAkha ||9|| 'kiyo grantha 'lAhora' maI, upajI buddhi kI vRddhi / jo nara rAkhe kaMTha mai, so hovai parasiddha ||13|| ( granthArambha ) isa grantha meM do khaNDa haiM / prathama khaMDa meM auSadhikalpanAeM kAr3hA, cUrNa, guTI yogoM kA saMgraha kiyA gayA hai dI gaI haiM / " aura grantha saba mathana kari, bhASA kahau bakhAMna / kAr3hA auSadhi cUrNa guTI kareM pragaTa matimAMna ||10|| (granyAraMbha meM prathama khaMDa ke anta meM likhA hai 'gunapAnI aru kvAtha krama, kahe ju Ada ke khaMDa / kharatara gaccha muni mAMnajI, kiyo pragaTa raha maMDa || 6511 dvitIya khaMDa meM jvara kA nidAna, cikitsA, tevha prakAra ke sannipAta ke nidAna aura cikitsA kA vivaraNa hai 1 DA. motImAla menAriyA, rAjasthAnI bhASA aura sAhitya, pra. saM. 1948), g. 162-.63 eka anya 'mAna' kharataragacchIya upAdhyAya zivanidhAna ke ziSya the inake rAjasthAnI meM koI gyAraha graMtha milate haiM / inake graMthoM kA racanAkAla saM. 1 80 se saM. 1693 diyA huA hai / ataH ye pUrvavartI the / rA. hi. ha. gra khoja. bhAga 2, pR. 14 ) / [139]

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'dvitIya khaMDa jvara kI kathA, kahI sugama mati Ana / samajha parai saba grantha kI, par3he su paMDita jAna / / 27 / / (dvi khaM. ke anta meM) 'iti kha. 'muni mAnajI viracitAyAM jvara nidAna, jvara cikitsA, sannipAta teraha cikitsA nAma dvitIya khaMDa / ' yaha grantha kavitta, caupAI, dohA mAdi chaMdoM meM likhA gayA hai| bhASA atyanta sarala aura sugama hai| racanA zailI sundara hai / (2) kavipramoda (1689 I.) yaha munimAna kA dUsarA vaidyaka graMtha hai| yaha bahuta bar3I kRti hai (kula padya 2944) / yaha hindI, rAjasthAnI meM kavitta, caupAI aura dohA chaMdoM meM likhA gayA hai ('kavitta chaMda dohe sarasa, tAM mahi kIne joga' granthAMta, 96) / isameM nau uddezya (adhyAya) haiN| graMtha kA racanAkAla saMvat 1746 (1689 I.) kArtika zuklA 2 hai 'saMvat 'satara chayAla' zubha, kAtika sudi tithi doja / 'kavipramoda' rasa nAma yaha, sarva graMthani kauM khoja / / 12 / / (graMthArambha) kaviyoM kI saMskRta vANI ko sAmAnya loga nahIM samajha skte| isalie sugama bhASA meM lalita vANI meM yaha racanA kahI gayI hai 'saMskRta vANI kavini kI, mUr3ha na samajhe koI / tAtai bhASA sugama kari, rasanA sulalita hoi / / / 3 // ' (granthArambha) yaha eka saMgraha grantha hai| vAgbhaTa, suzruta, caraka, Atreya, kharanAda, bheDa ke graMthoM kA sAra lekara isakA praNayana kiyA gayA hai| 'vAgbhaTa zuzrata caraka muni, aru nibaMdha Atreya / khAranAda aru bher3a RSi, racyo tahAM sau leya / 92 // (granthAMta) . isakI hastalikhita pratiyAM nakodara bhaMDAra paMjAba, pATaNa aura bIkAnera meM upalabdha haiN| __ina donoM grathoM se muni mAna kI gaMbhIra vidvatA aura Ayurveda ke gahana adhyayana va anubhava kA paricaya milatA hai| vinayamerugariNa (17vIM zatI kA aMtimacaraNa) yaha kharataragacchIya jina candasUri' zAkhA meM vAcaka 'sumatisumeru' ke bhrAtR-pAThaka the| inakA kAla 17vIM zatI (vi. 18vIM zatI) jJAta hotA hai| inake ziSya 'munimAna' ne hindI, rAjasthAnI meM kavivinoda (saM. 1745) evaM kavipramoda (vi. 1746) nAmaka vaidyaka-grantha likhe haiN| yaha bIkAnera kSetra ke nivAsI the| [ 1401

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inakA eka vaidyakagrantha 'vidvanmukhamaMDanasA saMgraha' nAmaka milatA hai| yaha eka saMgraha grantha hai| isameM cikitsA ke yogoM kA saMkalana hai| rA. prA. vi pra. jodhapura meM grantha kI apUrNa hastaprati prApta huI hai| rogoM kI cikitsA isakA pratipAdya viSaya hai| yaha saMskRta padyoM meM hai| anya, 'vinayamerugaNi' (jo kharatara 'hemadharma ke ziSya the) dvArA praNIta gujarAtI, rAjasthAnI 'kavayannAnI copaI' (saM. 1689) kA ullekha mohanalAla dalIcanda desAI ne 'jaina gurjara kavio', bhAga 3, khaMDa 1, pR. 9.4 para kiyA hai / rAmacandra (1663 se 1693 I.) yaha kharataragacchIya yati the| inake guru vAcanAcArya 'padmaraMgagaNi' the| padmaraMga ke guru 'padmakIrti' hue aura padmakIrti ke guru jinasiMhasUri hue| inakI bahuta pratiSThA thii| dillI kA muslima zAsaka 'salemazAha (salImazAhasUra)' jinasiMhasUri se prabhAvita haA thA aura unhoMne apane upadezoM se bAdazAha ko dayAvAn banA diyA thaa| unako mUgala samrATa 'akabara' aura 'salIma donoM dvArA bhI sammAna pradAna kiyA gayA thaa| rAmacandra yati 'auraMgajeba' ke zAsanakAla meM maujUda the / apanI guru-paramparA ko lekhaka ne nimna paMktiyoM meM spaSTa kiyA hai 'yugavara zrI jinasiMhajI' kharatara gaccha rAjAMna / ziSya bhae tAke bhale, 'padamakIrti' paradhAna / / 3 / / tAke vinaya 'vaNArasI, padamaraMga' guNarAja / 'rAmacandra' guru deva koM, nIkai praNaye Aja / / 4 / / (vaidya vinoda, granthArambha) 'vaidyavinoda' ke anta meM rAmacandra yati ne 'kavikulavarNana caupaIyoM' meM nimna varNana diyA hai 'garuA 'kharataragachi' siNagAra, jAMNa jAku sakala saMsAra / jinake sAhiba zrI 'jinasiMgha', dharA mAMhi hue narasiMgha / / 64 / / 'dillIpati zrI sAhi salema', jAku mAnyoM bahu dhari prema / bahu tidyA jinaku dikhalAya, dayAvAna kIne pAtasAhi / / 6511 ziSya bhale jinake sukhakAra, 'padamakIrati' guNa ke bhaMDAra / tAke ziSya mahA sukhadAI, sakala loka meM sobha savAI // 66 / / cAcanAcArya zrI 'padamaraMga', bahu vidyA jAMne ucharaMga / cira jIvI dhra ravi caMda, dekhyAM upaja atihi ANaMda / / 67 / / (vaidyavinoda, graMthAMta) yadyapi inake graMthoM meM inake nivAsa sthAna kA koI spaSTa ullekha nahIM milatA. [ 141 ]

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tathApi inake graMthoM kI upalabdhi vizeSarUpa se rAjasthAna meM hone se tathA bhASA para rAjasthAnI kA prabhAva spaSTa parilakSita hone se inakA rAjasthAnI honA puSTa hotA hai / yaha 'bIkAnera kSetra' ke nivAsI the| 'mUladeva co,' kI scanA sa. 1711 meM nohara meM kI 'zrImAla cau.' saM. 1725 bIkAnera meM bnaaii| inakA vaidyaka aura jyotiSa-sAmudrika vidyA para acchA adhikAra thaa| inake pUrva guru bhI vaidyaka meM niSNAta the| inhoMne vaidyaka para 'rAmavinoda' aura vaidyavinoda' kI tathA jyotiSa-sAmudrika para 'sAmudrikabhASA' nAmaka graMtha kI racanA kI thii| inake 'kAvya' saMbaMdhI cAra-pAMca graMtha bhI milate haiN| ye saba graMtha rAjasthAnI hindI meM padyamaya haiN| kucha phuTakara bhaktiparaka padya bhI milate haiM / inakI saba racanAeM saM. 1720 se 1750 (1663-1693 I.) ke vIca racI gaI thiiN| (1) rAmavinoda-(saM. 1720-1663 I.)-yaha cikitsAviSayaka graMtha hai / mugala bAdazAha auraMgajeba ke rAjyakAla meM isakI racanA paMjAba ke bannu dezavartI sakkI nagara (siMdha) meM saM. 1720 migasara sudi 13 budhavAra ko huI thii| yaha graMtha lakhanaU se prakAzita ho cukA hai / / yaha graMtha padyamaya sulalita zailI meM likhA gayA hai| isase kavi kI vidvattA aura kavitva pratibhA kA acchA paricaya milatA hai| Ayurveda ke adhikAMza gratha saMskRta meM haiN| janasAmAnya ke lie saMskRta bhASA duruha hai| 'rAmavinoda' kI racanA meM kavi ne carakasaMhitA, suzrutasaMhitA, vAgbhaTa, yogaciMtAmaNi, rAjamArtaNDa, rasaciMtAmaNi Adi Ayurveda ke saMskRta-graMthoM kA AdhAra liyA hai / yaha graMtha 7 samuddezoM meM pUrNa huA hai aura isameM kula 1981 gAthAeM (dohA, soraTha, caugAI) haiN| natha kI samApti ke bAda bhI isameM 'nADIparIkSA' saMbaMdhI 53 gAthAeM aura 'mAnapramANa' saMbaMdhI 13 gAthAeM dI gaI haiN| kahIM-kahIM ye svataMtra racanAoM ke rUpa meM prApta haiN| (2) vaidyavinoda -yaha graMtha 'zAdharasaMhitA kA padyamaya bhASAnuvAda (rAjasthAnIhindI meM hai| Ayurveda meM cikitsA kI dRSTi se zAGgadhara kRta zArGgadha saMhitA kA anyatama sthAna hai| yaha saMskRta meM hai| rAmacaMdra yati ne isakA guru se adhyayana kiyA, phira bhASA-bandha rcaa| sAdhAraNa janoM ke sUkha-bodha ke lie lekhaka ne isakI racanA kI thI, jaisA ki graMthAraMbha meM likhA hai 1 "mizrabandhuvinoda' (pR. 466) meM rAmavinoda kA nAma rAyavinoda' likhA hai| isake kartA rAmacaMdra ko sAkI banArasa kA nivAsI aura padhmarAga kA ziSya batAyA gayA hai| vastutaH graMtha kA nAma rAmavinoda, kartA-rAmacaMdrayati ne vihAra karate hue sakkI nagara (siMdha) meM isakI racanA kI thii| inake guru kA nAma padmaraga thA / [ 142 ]

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'sAraMgadhara' ati kaThina hai, bAla na pAvai bheda / tA kAraNa bhASA kahUM, upajai jJAna umeda / / 5 / / pahilI guru mukha sAMbhalI, bhAva bheda parijJAna / tA pIche bhASA karI, meTana sakala agyAMna / / 6 / isakI racanA bhI padyamaya hai aura kavitta, dohA, caupAI, chaMdoM meM viracita hai| anuvAda hote hue bhI bhASA aura viSaya kI spaSTatA ke saMbaMdha meM maulikatA parilakSita hotI hai| vividha rogoM kI sugama cikitsA batAyI gayI hai aura isI se isakA nAma 'vaidyavinoda' rakhA gayA hai 'vividha cikitsA roga kI, karI sugama hita ANi / 'vaidyavinoda' iNa nAMma dhari, yAMmai kIyo bakhANa / / 10 / / graMthAMta meM bhI likhA hai "rAmacaMdra' apaNI matisAra, 'vaidyavinoda' kono sukhakAra / para upagAra kAraNa ke laI, bhASA sugama jo maha karidaI / / 68 / / ' isa graMtha kI racanA se pUrva usane 'rAmavinoda' kI racanA kI thI, isakA ullekha graMthakAra ne 'vaidyavinoda' ke anta meM kiyA hai - 'pahilI kInau 'rAmavinoda', vyAdhi nikaMdana karaNa pramoda / 'vaidyavinoda' iha dUgA kIyA, sajjana dekhi sukhI hoi rahIyA / / 60 / / isa graMtha kI racanA-samApti saM. 1726 (1669 I.) basaMta Rtu meM vaizAkha pUrNimA ko huI thii| usa samaya mugala-zAsaka auraMgajeba kA zAsana thA / 'rasa6 dRga2 sAgara7 shshi| bhayau, rita vasaMta vaisAkha / pUraNimA zubha tithi bhalI, gratha-samApti iha bhAkha / / 691 / sahina sAhipati rAjato, 'auraMgajeba' nariMda / tAsa rAja meM e racyo, bhalo grantha sukhakaMda / / 700' usa samaya kharataragaccha ke AcAryapada para jinacaMdrasUri pratiSThita the| lekhaka ne likhA hai --- 'gachanAyaka hai dIyatA, zrI 'jinacaMda' rAjAna / sobhAgI sira seharI, vaMdeM sakala jihAMna / / 711 / ' (graMthAMta) isakI racanA maroTakoTa (bIkAnera rAjya) meM huI thii| 'maroTakoTa zubha thAna hai, vaza loka sukhakAra / e racanA tihAM kina racI, sabahI ku hitakAra / / 72 / / ' gratha kI puSpikA meM graMthakAra ne apane guru padmaraMgaNi kA vizeSaNa 'vaNArasa' (?) batAyA hai-- [ 143 ]

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'iti zrI vaNArasa padmaraMga gaNi ziSya rAmacaMda viracite zrI vaidyavinode netraprasAdana kalpa samApta / iti zrI vaidyavinoda saMpUrNa / graMtha saMkhyA 3700 / ' isa graMtha meM tIna khaMDa haiN| inameM kramazaH 7, 13 aura 13 adhyAya haiN| pratyeka khaMDa meM padyasaMkhyA kramazaH 456, 1292, 770 hai| kula 2525 padya haiM yA 253 gAthAeM hai| kavitta dohA, caupAI chaMdoM kA prayoga huA hai| ___dAnasAgara bhaMDAra bIkAnera meM isakI saM. 1820 phA. su. 6 kI hastalikhita prati maujUda hai| (3-4) nAr3IparIkSA aura mAnaparimAraNa rAmacaMdrayati kI ye donoM racanAeM pRthak se bhI milatI haiN| kintu rAmavinoda kI kisI-kisI hastaprati meM mAnaparimANa ke padya usI meM sammilita milate haiN| ataH ye donoM racanAeM svataMtra na hokara 'rAmavinoda' ke hI aMza yA pRthak-pRthak adhyAya haiM / 'nAr3IparIkSA' meM kula 45 padya haiN| bhASA rAjasthAnI-hindI hai| aMtima padya isa prakAra hai 'saumya dRSTI suprasanna bhAlIya, prakRti citta ihu dukha sahU kI rAlIya / zIghra zAMti hoi roga sadA sukha saMdahI, 'nADi parIkSA' eha kahI 'rAmacaMdahI / / 45 / / ' 'mAnaparimANa' meM kula 13 padya haiM / (5) sAmudrika bhASA (1665 I.) zArIrika lakSaNoM ko dekhakara Ayu kA nirdhAraNa karane kA vidhAna Ayurveda meM batAyA gayA hai| isI prakAra zArIrika lakSaNoM se vyakti ke bhAgya, bhaviSya, sukha duHkha, vyavahAra Adi kA jJAna kiyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra sAmudrikavidyA Ayurveda aura jyotiSa donoM se saMbaMdhita hai| isa meM strI aura puruSa ke pRthak se lakSaNoM kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / ye lakSaNa mastaka se pairoM taka dekhe jAte haiN| granthAraMbha meM sarasvatI vandanA karate hue sAmudrika zAstra kA viSaya lekhaka ne batAyA hai 'sarasati samarU citta dhari, sarasa vacana dAtAra / 'naranArI lakSana' kahuM, 'sAmudraka' anusAra / / 1 / / 'sAmudraka' grantha meM kahe, Agama niyama kI bAta / isaha jAMNa jo nara huvai, te hoI jaga vikhyAta / / 2 / / Adi anta nara nAra kI, sukha du:kha vAta sarUpa / kuhaM aneka prakAra vidha, suNo ekaMta anUpa / / 3 / / prathama puruSa lakSaNa suNoM, mastaka pAda paryanta / chatra kubha sama sIsa jasu, te huvai avanI-kaMta / / 4 / / ' isa grantha kI racanA 'vitastA nadI ke kinAre 'meharA' (paMjAba) nAmaka sthAna para mugala zAsaka 'auraMgajeba' ke zAsanakAla meM huI thii| racanAkAla saM. 1722 (1665 I.) mAgha kRSNA 6 diyA hai [ 144 ]

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'vana vArI bahu bAga pradhAna, bahai 'vitasthA' nadI pradhAna / cyAra raNa tihAM catura sujAna, nagara 'meharA' zrI yugapradhAna // 88 / / bar3e bar3e pAtisAha nariMdA, jAkI seva kare jana kaMdA / 'pAtisAha zrI oraGga gAjI, gaye ganIma daso disa bhAjI 189 / / jAkai rAja grantha e kInai, saMskRta zAstra sugamakari dInai / 'saMvat satare se bAvIsA', mAgha kRSNa pakSa chaThi jagIsA / / 90 / / yaha saMskRta 'sAmudrika' graMtha kA bhASA meM padyAnuvAda hai / grantha ke anta meM guru-paraMparA dI gaI hai| isameM kula 211 padya aura do 'prakAza' haiN| prathama-prakAza meM naralakSaNa 117 padyoM meM tathA dvitIya prakAza meM nArIlakSaNa 94 padyoM meM batAye gae haiN| isakI pUrNa hastaprati jinaharSasUri bhaMDAra bIkAnera meM surakSita hai| jJAnameru (17vIM zatI) yaha kharataragacchIya 'mahimasundara' ke ziSya the| inakA kAla vi. 17vIM zatI hai / inakA likhA 'mAdhavanidAna' para 'stabaka' (TIkA) prApta hai| isakI hastaprati dAnasAgara maMDAra, bIkAnera meM maujUda hai| nagarAja (17vIM zatI I.) . inakA vizeSa paricaya nahIM miltaa| saMbhavata: ye bIkAnera kSetra ke nivAsI the| inhoMne 'sAmudrika zAstra bhASAbaddha' grantha kI racanA kI hai| isameM 188 padya haiN| ise ajayarAja ko samajhAne ke lie likhA gayA hai / abhaya jaina graMthAlaya bIkAnera meM isakI saMvat 1774 (1717 I.) lipikAla vAlI hastaprati maujUda hai| ata: isakA racanAkAla kucha pUrva kA honA caahie| pahale 121 padyoM meM nara lakSaNa aura bAda meM 67 padyoM meM nArIlakSaNa diye haiN| anta meM likhA hai 'suguna sulachana sumati subha, sajjana ko sukha deta / bhASA 'sAmudrika' racoM, 'ajeM rAja' ke haita / / 66 / ' pItAmbara (1702 I.) yaha vijaya gacchIma AcArya vinayasAgarasUri ke ziSya the| vinayasAgara sUri acche (145)

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upadezaka aura rasasiddha kavi the| ye mahArANA rAjasiMha ke samaya (1652-1680 I.) meM vidyamAna the| inakA vizeSa paricaya nahIM miltaa| inake aneka prayoga milate haiN| ye prayoga prAkRta meM guTakoM meM saMkalita haiN| isalie inake lie 'vaidyavidyAvizArada' viruda prayukta huA hai| isase inakA acchA cikitsaka honA jJAta hotA hai| unakI ziSyaparaMparA ke muni mohana dvArA likhe gae eka padya se jJAta hotA hai ki unakA janma kulIna vipravaMza meM huA thA, unake pitA kA nAma gokula aura mAtA kA lakhamAdevI thaa| inakA udayapura (mevAr3a) se ghaniSTha saMbaMdha rhaa| mahArANA rAjasiMha kA maMtrI aura prasiddha vIra dayAladAsa vijayagaccha kA upAsaka hone se vinayasAgarasUri kA anurAgI thaa| dayAladAsa ne rAjasamudra (kAMkarolI) ke vizAla tAlAba kI pAla para pahAr3I kI coTI para bhagavAna RSabhadeva kA bhavya mandira banavAyA thaa| mahArANA rAjasiMha kA kAla mevAr3a ke sAMskRtika itihAsa meM 'svarNakAla' mAnA jAtA hai| isa kAla meM yahAM sAhitya, saMgIta, zilpa aura citrakalA kA viziSTa vikAsa huaa| saM. 1725 meM jaba auraMgajeba ne mevAr3a para AkramaNa kiyA to mevAr3a ko dudina dekhane pdd'e| pItAMbara kA likhA huA eka guTakA (yoga saMkalana) milatA hai, jisakA nAma 'AyurvedasArasaMgraha hai| parIkSita prayogoM ko sarala laukika bhASA meM prastuta karanA isa saMkalana kA prayojana hai| yaha mevAr3I gadya meM likhA gayA hai| 17vIM zatI I. ke kAla ke bhASA-zAstrIya adhyayana ke lie isakA bahuta mahatva hai| isameM mevAr3I bhASA aura gadya kA acchA namUnA prApta hotA hai / isameM aneka pAraMparika anubhavasiddha kuzala cikitsakoM aura vyaktiyoM ke yoga saMgRhIta haiN| vizeSatA yaha hai ki jinase yoga prApta hue the, unake nAma bhI nirdiSTa haiM jaise 'RSi khimasI, jozI bhagavAnadAsa, ThAkurazI nANAvAla, bAlagiri Adi / ThAkaramI nANAvAla aura jozI bhagavAnadAsa-ye donoM usa kAla ke udayapura meM vikhyAta cikitsaka aura rasAyana zAstrI 'gusAMI bhAratI' ke ziSya the| ye rAjavaidya the / jozI bhagavAdAsa, sukhavAla gotra ke brAhmaNa the| inakA eka vRhad guTakA muni kAMtisamAra ko prApta huA thA, jisameM unhoMne svayaM ko rAjavaidya aura gosAI bhAratI kA ziSya likhA hai| isa guTake meM ThAkurasI nANAvala ke bhI aneka prayoga diye haiN| prayogoM ke sAtha isa prakAra kI prApti-sUcanA aura prayogakartA ke nAma kI sUcanA se unakI vizvasanIyatA pramANita hotI hai| 'gusAMIbhAratI' ke anya ziSya tArAcanda sutahRdayAnanda jozI dvArA viracita Ayurveda kA eka grantha milatA hai / (dekheM muni kAMtisAgara kA lekha 'Ayurveda kA ajJAta sAhitya' mizrImala abhinaMdana grantha, pR 300-317) / hRdayAnanda mevAr3a ke mahArANA saMgrAmasiMha dvitIya ke Azrita the| AyurvedasArasaMgraha ke sabhI prayoga vAnaspatika haiM, jo prAyaH sarvatra saralatA se prApta ho jAte haiN| rogAnusAra inakA saMkalana hone se lekhaka kI viSaya saMbaMdhI gambhIratA kA sUcaka hai| (146)

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aneka bAra parIkSaNa kara unakA saMgraha kiyA gayA hogA / yaha graMtha udayapura meM racA gayA thA, ataH isameM udayapura ke AsapAsa mevAr3a kSetra meM hone vAlI aneka vanaspatiyoM kA bhI prayoga - vyavahAra batAyA gayA hai / 'gAMThiyA jhaDa' nAmaka vanauSadhi mevAr3a meM hotI hai / isakI anyatra utpatti durlabha hai / yaha udayapura ke uttara meM 14 mIla dUra ekaliMgajI ke nikaTa rASTrasenA ( rAyasenajI ) kI aura AsapAsa kI pahAr3iyoM para adhika milatI hai / isakA vAtanAzaka aura asthisaMdhAnaka oSadhi ke rUpa meM prayoga yahAM prAcInakAla se pracalita hai / kisI bhI pazu yA manuSya kI haDDI TUTa jAne para ise pIsakara tIna dina pilAne se TUTI huI haDDI tIna dina meM hI jur3a jAtI hai / inameM saMkalita prayogoM meM se kucha mevAr3a ke rAjagharAne meM pracalita rahe / lekhaka ne 'dhAtustaMbhana' prayogoM meM 'siMhavAhanI guTikA' kA prayoga likhA hai, jise 'mahArANA ku bhA' sevana karate the / yadyapi dravyaguNavijJAna kI dRSTi se isameM sAdhAraNa dravya hI par3ate haiM, parantu guNa kI dRSTi se yaha guTikA atyaMta prabhAvakArI siddha huI hai / isI prakAra 'rAjA jagannAtha' kI 'kAmezvara guTikA' bhI varNita hai / rAjA - raIsa aura anya vyakti zatru ke lie viSaprayoga karate the / vizeSakara maMda viSa bhojana Adi meM khilA dete the / isameM bAgha kI mUMcha kA bAla mukhya mAnA jAtA thA / isake lie isa viSa ke lie 'vAgha bAla viSa nAza' ke prayoga bhI die haiM / tatkAlIna pracalita mAnoM- mAsA, tolA, karSa Adi kA bhI isameM varNana hai / lekhaka ke samasAmayika mahArANA rAjasiMha aura usake pIche taka mevAr3a meM zerazAhasUri ke sikkoM kA pracalana rahA / isI prakAra 'dramma' Adi sikke bhI cala rahe the / grantha ke prayogoM meM parimANa rUpa meM ina sikkoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / isa isa guTake (saMkalana) kA nAma svayaM lekhaka ne 'AyurvedasArasaMgraha' rakhA hai / racanAkAla saM. 1759 (1702 I.) hai, jaisA grantha kI prazasti se jJAta hotA hai isakA "saM. 1759 varSe zrIzrI vidhipakSe (? vijayagacche ) zrI bhaTTAraka zrImad 118 vinayasAgarasUrijI titho zukravAsare, lipikRtaM pItAMbarajI udayapura nagare rAjAdhirAja ....... rAjye AyurvedasArasaMgraha saMpUrNam / " ........ isakI mUlaprati muni kAMtisAgara ko prApta huI thI / bhASAMtara kara unhoMne 'AyurvedanA anubhUta prayogA' nAma se (gujarAta ) se prakAzita karAyA hai / isa graMtha ko gujarAtI meM I. 1968 meM pAlItANA jogIdAsa mathena yA 'dAsakavi' ( 1705 I.) yaha bIkAnera ke rahane vAle zvetAMbara jaina the / inake pitA kA nAma jozIrAya (147)

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(josIrAya) mathena (matheraNa) thA, jo mahArAjA anUpasiMha ke kAla meM lekhaka ke rUpa meM prasiddha rhe| inako mahArAjA anUpasiMha se rAjyasammAna prApta huA thaa| jogIdAsa ne 'dAsakavi' nAma se racanAeM kI haiN| yaha bhI mathena' the| gRhasthI bane hue janayati ko mathena yA matheraNa kahate haiN| varasalapura ke gar3ha kI vijaya (saMvat 1767 aura 1769 ke bIca) ke prasaMga para mahArAjA sujAnasiMha (1700-1735 I.) ke saMbaMdha meM saMvat 1769 meM inhoMne 'varasalapura vijaya' athavA 'mahArAjA sujAnasiMha ro rAso' nAmaka kAvya kI racanA kI thii| isameM kula 68 padya haiN| isase prasanna hokara mahArAjA ne dAsakavi ko 'varSAsana', 'sAsaNadAna' kiyA thA, phira vyatIpAta-parva ke madhya pharamAna diyA thaa| isake bAda inheM ukta mahArAja ne 'siropAMva' dekara sammAnita kiyA thaa| isa bAta kA ullekha svayaM kavi ne 'vaidyakasAra' ke anta meM 'kavivarNana' prasaMga meM kiyA hai 'bIkAnera vAsI visada, dharma kathA jiha dhAma / svetAMbara lekhaka sarasa, 'josI' jinako nAma / / 72 / / adhipati bhUpa anUpa jihi, tinasoM kari subha bhAya / dIya dusAlo kari karai, kahyo ju 'josIrAya' / / 73 / / jini vaha josIrAya suta, jAnahu jogIdAsa / saMskRta bhASA bhani sunata, bhI bhAratI prakAza / / 74 / / jahAM 'mahArAja sujAna' jaya, varasalapura liya AMna / chanda prabandha kavita kari, rAsau kahyau bakhAMna / / 75 / / .. zrI 'mahArAja sujAna' jaba, dharama lalaka mana AMna / 'varSAsana' saMkalpa sauM, dIpa 'sAMsaNa' kari dAMna / / 76 / / vyatIpAta ke parva vica, paravAno puni kIna / chApa ApanI Apa karI, 'dAsa kavini' ko dIna / / 77 / / saba guna jAMna 'sujAnasiMgha', saba rAyani ke rAya / kavirAja su kari kRpA, bahuri dayo 'sirapAya' 178 / / ' vaidyakasAra-jogIdAsa yA dAsakavi kI yaha vaidyaka kRti hai / mahArAjA sujAnasiMha ke rAjakumAra jorAvarasiMha kI icchAnusAra unake nAma se dAsakavi ne isakI racanA kI thii| isa bAta kA ullekha lekhaka ne grantha ke prArambha aura anta meM kiyA hai 1 gaurIzaMkara hIrAcanda projhA, bIkAnera rAjya kA itihAsa, bhAga : (1939), 'itizrI zrImahArAjAdhirAjamahArAjA zrI 5 zrIsujANasiMghajI varasallapura gar3a vijayaM nAma samayaH / mathena jogIdAsakRta samAptaH / saMvata 1769 varSe mAgha sudi 5 dine likhataM / ' [148]

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granthArambha meM likhA hai 'nava koTi meM mukuTa mana, 'bIkAnera' zubha thAna / rAja karai rAjA tahAM, nRpa mana nRpati 'sujAna' / / 3 / / jAMka kuvara prasiddha jaga, saba guNa jAMna anUpa / 'jorAvarasiMha' nAma jiha, rAja sabhA ko rUpa / / 4 / / "tina mahArAja kuvAra kI, upaja lakhI kavirAya / apane mana uchAha sauM, bhASA karI banAya / / 11 / / graMtha ke anta meM bhI likhA hai 'jina mahArAja sujAMna ke, 'jorauM' kuvara sujAna / kali meM dAtA karNa so, sUraja teja bakhAMna / / 79 / / jinake nAmai grantha yahu, karyo 'dAsa kavi' jAna / rAjakuvara kI rIjha ko, aba kavi kara bakhAna / / 8011 antima puSpikA meM likhA hai - 'iti zrImanmahArAja kuvAra jorAvarasiMha viracitAyAM vaidyakasAre / ' granthAMta meM isakA racanAkAla saM. 1762 azvina zuklA 10, tathA racanAsthAna bIkAnera diyA hai-'nayana2 khaMDa6 sAgara7 avani |, Ujala Azvina mAsa / dasama dhauMsa 'kavidAsa' kahi, pUrana bhayo prakAsa / / ' isameM rogoM kI cikitsA dI gaI hai| isakI hastaprati anupa saMskRta lAIbrerI bIkAnera meM haiN| isameM sAta adhyAya hai / samaratha (1707 I.) yaha zvetAMbara jaina yati the| kharataragaccha kI sAgaracaMdrasUri zAkhA ke matiratna yA 'sumatiratna' ke ziSya the| 'rasikapriyA TokA' ke anta meM inhoMne saMskRta padyoM (lagabhaga 20) meM apanI guru-parampaga kA ullekha kiyA hai / kharataragaccha meM jinacaMdrasUri prasiddha AcArya hue| usI paramparA meM sAgaracaMdrasUri hue| inase nayI zAkhA pravartita huii| inake ziSya sudharmaratna-unake ziSya muni ratnadhIra-unake ziSya guNanaMdanAra tha-unake ziSya samayamUrti - unake do ziSya ne maharSa aura mati ratna hue / inameM se matiratna ke ziSya samaratha hue / dIkSitAvasthA kA inakA nAma 'samayamANikya' thA / yaha bIkAnera ke nivAsI the| inake aneka grantha milate haiN| kezavadAsa kI brajabhASA meM viracita 'rasikapriyA' para saMskRta meM TIkA (ra. kA. saM. 1755, zrAvaNa sudi 5, somavAra / jAlipura), 1 'bAvanI 1 dekheM-rAja. hasta. granthoM kI khoja, bhAga 2, pR. 137-140 [149]

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gAthA', 'mallinAtha paMcakalyANakastavana' Adi / vaidyaka para 'rasamaMjarIbhASATIkA ' milatI hai / rasamaMjarI bhASATIkA - kI hastalikhita prati abhayajaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM surakSita hai / parantu yaha truTita hai / yaha vaidyanAtha ke putra zAlinAtha nAmaka brAhmaNa dvArA praNIta saMskRta ke 'rasamaMjarI' graMtha kI padyamaya bhASATIkA hai / sugama aura sarala banAne ke lie zvetAmbarI samaratha ne isakA yaha anuvAda kiyA thA / 'vaidyanAtha' brAhmaNa bhayoM, tAko putra parasiddha | 'zAlInAtha' jasu nAma hai, zuci ruci sadA subuddhi // 15 // zAstra aneka vicAra ke, dekhi vaidya saMketa / tisane karI rasamaMjarI, sukRti janake heta |16|| kiye 'zAlinAtha rasamajarI', saMskRta bhASA mAMhi / samabhi na sakati mUr3ha kI, vyAkula hota hai Ahi ||8|| tAteM bhASA karata hai, 'zvetAMbara samarattha' / sugama aratha saralatA, mUrakha jana ke aratha ||9|| ( graMthArambha ) grantha ke prArambha meM zAlInAthakRta rasamaMjarI ke vandanA kI gaI hai / aMta meM guru kA nAmollekha isa prakAra huA hai anusAra isameM bhI umAsahita ziva kI 'zrI matiratana guru parasAda, bhASA sarasa karI ati sAda / tAko ziSya 'samaratha' hai nAma, tisane kari yaha bhASA abhirAma // 1421 ( graMthAMta ) isa bhASATIkA kA racanAkAla saM. 1764 ( 1707 I.) phAlguna 5 ravivAra diyA hai'saMvat sateresaya causaThi samai, phAguna mAsa saba jana ko ramai / pAMcami tithi aru AdityavAra, racyo grantha derai mAri ||41|| ( graMthAMta ) grantha kI racanA 'dera' ( ? ) nAmaka sthAna meM kI gaI thI / yaha rasavidyA ( rasazAstra ) saMbaMdhI grantha hai 'rasavidyA meM nipuNa ju hoi, jasa kIrati pAye bahu loi / jahAM tahAM sukha pAvai sahI, so rasa vidyA pragaTAva kahI ||44|| ( graMthAMta ) isameM kula 10 adhyAya haiM, jinake nAma aura padyasaMkhyA nimnAnusAra hai 1 rasazodhana - kathana prathamodhyAyaH 2 rasajAraNa- mAraNAdi - kathana dvitIyodhyAyaH 3 uparasa - zodhana - mAraNa - satvanipAta mANikya-zodhana mAraMNa-kathana tRtIyodhyAyaH 4 viSa - lakSaNa, viSa sevA, viSa parihAra kathana caturthodhyAyaH [150] padya 37 padya 68 padya 10 padya 32

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5 svaNa namAraNakathana paMcamodhyAyaH padya 84 6 rasamAraNa kathana SaSThodhyAyaH padya 264 7 vIrya rodhanAdhikAra saptamodhyAyaH padya 22 8 ? nAma (aprApya) 9 mizrakAdhyAya: navamaH padya 79 10 chAyA purakha (puruSa) kathana dazamodhyAyaH padya 44 yaha sArA graMtha caupAI chaMdoM meM likhA gayA hai| bhASA sarala aura sugama hai / zAlinAthakRta rasamaMjarI kA prakAzana veMkaTezvara presa, baMbaI se saM. 1978 meM huA thaa| guragavilAsa (1715 I.) ___ yaha kharataragacchIya 'siddhivarddhana' ke ziSya the / inake likhe hue 'guNaratnaprakAzikA' nAmaka vaidyaka-grantha kI hastaprati AcAryazAkhAbhaMDAra bIkAnera meM maujUda hai| isakA racanAkAla saM. 1772 (1715 I.) hai| lakSmIcanda (1723 I.) yaha jainayati the| yaha kharataragacchIya amara vijaya ke ziSya the| inakA kAla 18vIM zatI kA pUrvArdha thaa| inakI likhI 'AgarA gajala' kA racanAkAla saM. 1780 ASAr3ha zuklA 13 diyA huA hai| inake dvArA likhA huA eka 'vaidyaka grantha' inakI paramparA ke upAdhyAya jayacaMdajI ke bhaNDAra bIkAnera meM prApta hai| dIpakacandra vAcaka' (1735 I.) yaha kharataragacchIya dayAtilaka 'upAdhyAya' ke ziSya the| yaha 'vAcaka' muni 1 agaracanda nAhaTA, rAjasthAna meM hindI ke hastalikhita grathoM kI khoja, bhAga 2, pR. ! 58 / hastalikhita pratiyoM meM inake 'dIpacandra' aura 'dIpacanda' nAma bhI milate haiN| muni kAMtisAgara ne 'laMghanapathyanirNaya' kA kartA 'lakSmInAtha vAcaka' likhA hai| zeSa vivaraNa dIpacanda vAcaka kRta 'laMghanapathyanirNaya' ke samAna hai| racanAsthAna va racanAkAla bhI vahI hai| (dra. 'prajJAta aAyurvedika sAhitya', udayAbhinandanagraMtha, pR. 621) / 'cekalisTa oNpha saMskRta meDikala mainyuskripTsa' (naI dillI, 1972) meM zrI lakSmInAtha kRta 'laMghanapathyanirNaya' kA ullekha hai (kra. 416) / parantu yaha nAma mere dvArA dekhI gaI isa patha kI chaH pratiyoM meM nahIM milaa| [151]

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(yati) the| yaha AcArya jinadattasUri kI paramparA meM hue the| saMbhavataH inako jayapura ke mahArAjA 'jayasiMha dvArA rAjasammAna prApta huA thaa| inakA nivAsasthAna bhI jayapura hI rhaa| inake guru upAdhyAya 'dayAtilaka' svayaM kavi aura saMyamIsAdhu the / inake do vaidyaka grantha milate haiM-eka, - saMskRta meM - 'pathyalaGghananirNaya' tathA dvitIya, rAjasthAnI meM 'bAlatantrabhASAvanikA' (bAlatantra para bhASATIkA) hai| inakI anya racanAeM I. 18vIM zatI ke dvitIya caraNa kI milatI haiM / 1. pathyalakananirNaya hastapratiyoM meM isake bhinna-bhinna nAma milate haiM-pathyanirNaya pathyApathya nirNaya, laMghanapathya nirNaya, laMghanapathya vicAra / parantu granthakAra ne grantha meM isakA 'pathyalaGghananirNaya nAma hI diyA hai / grantha ke prAraMbha meM sarvajJa (jina), zAradA, gaNanAtha (gaNeza), dhanvantari aura guru dayAtilaka ko namaskAra kiyA hai| kyoMki ye pAMca vighnanivAraka zreya karane vAle aura yaza pradAna karane vAle haiM "paMcatAn namaskRtya paMcate vighnanivArakAH / pacaite zreyaHkartA ca paMcate ca yazaHpradAH // ' (graMthArambha, zloka 7) isa prasaMga meM guru kA smaraNa ina zabdoM meM kiyA hai 'mahopAdhyAya zrIpUrva dayAtilaka sadgurUn / taccaraNaM praNamyAdau mayA grathaM viracyate / / 6 / (graMthArambha) isake bAda eka padya meM Atreya, dhanvantari, suzruta, nAsatya (azvinIkumAra), hArIta, mAdhava, suSeNa, dAmodara, vAgbhaTa, dasra, (? -azvinIkumAra), svayaMbhU (brahmA), 'yugapradhAna jinadattasUri (janma saM. 1132, sva. saM. 1211 ajamera meM) kI paramparA meM 15vIM zatI meM vA. zIlacandragariNa hue| unake bAda kramazaH ziSya-paramparA isa prakAra milatI hai - unake ziSya vAcaka ratnamUtigariNa - merusundara upAdhyAyakSAMtimaMdira-harSapriyagariNa - vA. harSodayagaNi-harSasAra (samrATa akabara ke samakAlIna)-zivanidhAna upAdhyAya / zivanidhAna ke do ziSya hue mahimasiMha (anya nAma mAnakavi), aura vA. mtisiNh| unake ziSya ratnajaya (manoharajI) hue| unakI chatrI phatahapura meM saM. 1733 meM bnii| unake tIna ziSya huevAcaka dayAtilaka, ratnavaddhana, vA, bhaagyvrddhn| vA, dayAtilaka ke 8-10 graMtha milate haiN| unake ziSya vA. dIpacandra hue| (dekheM yugapradhAna jinadattasUri, pR. 69-72) 2 'jainasiddhAnta bhAskara' bhAga 5, kiraNa 2, pRSTha 115 para 'laMghanapathyavicAra' nAmaka kRti kA ullekha hai| isakA praNayanakAla bhI saM. 1792 hai aura racayitA kA nAma zrI 'dIpacanda' diyA huA hai| [152]

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caraka ko tathA dvitIya padya meM brahmA, Iza, garuDadhvaja, bhRgusuta ( cyavana), bhAradvAja, gautama, hArita, caraka, atri, indra, dhanvantari, mAdhava, nAsatya, nakula, parAzaramuni, dAmodara, vAgbhaTa aura anya vaidyoM kI stuti kI gaI hai / isa grantha kI racanA saMvat 1792 (1735 I.) mAgha zuklA pratipadA guruvAra ko jayapura meM kI gaI thI / usa samaya vahAM mahArAjA jayasiMha kA zAsanakAla thA'dvinandamuni bhUvarSe ( 2971=1792) mAse ca mAghasaMjJake / zuklasya pratipadAyAM ca bhRgozcaiva tu vAsare // saMpUrNa kriyate granthaM 'nirNayaM pathyalaMghanaM' | 'zrIjaipurai' mahArAje rAjye 'jayasiMhabhUpake / / ( pAThAMtara - zrIjayapuravare ramye rAjye 'jayasiMha' bhUpateH / ) saMpUrNo hi kRto grantha : 'pathyalaMghananirNayaH // ' ( granthAMta, padya 298-299) aneka zAstroM kA avalokana kara apanI buddhi ke anusAra isa grantha kI racanA kI gaI hai-- 'vidvajjanAn saMpUjya namaskRtya guruprati / sarvazAstrAnanusaMvIkSya AtmabuddhyanusArataH // 297 / / puna: kahA hai, ki isameM kucha bhI kapolakalpita nahIM hai, kevala pUrvAcAryoM ke zAstra - bacanoM kA saMgraha hai 'kapolakalpitaM nAsti pUrvAcAryAnusArataH / 'vAcaka dIpacaMdreNa' ekatrikRtazAstrataH / / 401" mayA ca maMdabuddhayA ca kuryAtpathyanirNayaH / ' grantha meM kula 304 padya haiM / isameM jvararoga meM laMghana vyavasthA kA vistAra se. nirUpaNa hai / isI prasaMga meM lakSaNa, ora vaidya kI prazaMsA kA ullekha bhI huA hai / aura lakSaNa bhI batAe gae haiN| cikitsA ke do prakAra batAe haiM - karSaNI ora vRMhaNI 'cikitsA dvividhA proktA vaidyavidyAvizAradaiH / sAme ca karSaNI proktA nirAme vRhaNI matA / / 14 / / 1 prAtreyadhanvantari suzrutAnAM nAsatyahArItamAdhavAnAM / - suSeraNadAmodaravAgbhaTAnAM dastrasvayabhUcarakAdikAnAM / / 8 / / brahma zo garur3adhvajo bhRgusuto bhAradvAjoM gautamo aura pathya-apathya kI grantha ke prArambha meM mUDhavaidya ke vibhinna prakAra ke jvaroM ke bheda hArItazcarako'trika- suraguru-dhanvantari-madhivo nAsatyo nakula: parAzaramuniH dAmodaro vAgbhaTo ye'nye vaidyavizAradAH munivasastebhyaH paribhyo namaH || 9 || ( granthArambha ) ye padya 'haMsarAjanidAna' ( bhiSakcakracittotsava ) meM bhI milate haiM / [153)

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sAmaroga meM karSaNacikitsA aura nirAma avasthA meM vRhaNa cikitsA karanI caahie| punaH, rogiyoM kI chaH prakAra se cikitsA karanA batAyA gayA hai 'atha rogiNAM SaT cikitsA likhyate-cikitsAmRtasAgarAt' nivAta-nilayaM zaiyyA uSNanIraM ca laMghanaM / . pathyaM vilaMghanaM caiva cikitsA prakIrtitA / / 60 / / ukta chaH prakAra kI cikitsA-nivAtagRha, zaiyyA, uSNajala, laMghana, pathya aura vilaMghana kA lagabhaga 218 (zlo. 60 se 278) padyoM meM varNana kiyA gayA hai| jvara ke anta meM zaktyanusAra ghRtapAna karAnA batAyA hai| isake bAda jvarI ke lie niyamoM kA nirdeza hai| isa grantha meM aneka graMthoM se mata va vacana uddhRta haiM1 cikitsAratnabhUSaNa 17 vRddhasuzruta 2 vaidyasaMjIvana 18 siddhAMtaziromaNi 3 vaidyavinoda 19 suSeNa-grantha-cittotsava 4 jvaratimirabhAskara 20 bheDa 5 bhAvaprakAza 21 sUpakAranatha 6 kAlajJAna 22 kSemakutUhala 7 vaidyasarvasva 23 ToDarAnaMdagraMtha 8 cikitsAmRtasAgara 24 amRtasAgara 9 vaMgasena 25 bhiSakcakracittotsava 10 suzruta 26 dAmodaragraMtha 11 vAgbhaTa 27 mAdhavanidAna 12 vaidyakasArasaMgraha 28 lakSmaNotsava 13 caraka 29 gArUDIsaMhitA 14 hitopadeza 30 AnaMdamAlA 15 cakradatta 31 tatrAntara 16 vRddhavRda 32 AcAryamata ' kucha ha. pratiyoM meM grantha ke anta meM likhA milatA hai ki saMvat 1885 bhAdrapada meM meM 'zaMkara' nAmaka brAhmaNa ne isakA saMzodhana kiyA thA zarebhendubhAgvarSe (5881-1885) bhAdre mAmya site dale / zaMkarasya tithI candre 'pathyalaMghananirNayaH // zaMkarAkhyeNa vipreNa zodhito budhyatAM budhaiH / ' Ayurveda cikitsA meM rogoM ke viziSTa pathya svIkAra kiye gaye haiN| jvaroM meM vividha pathyoM ke jJAna ke lie yaha grantha atyanta upayogI hai| [154]

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yaha aba taka aprAzita hai / isa graMtha se lekhaka ke vaidyaka aura saMskRta saMbaMdhI vistRta jJAna kA paricaya milatA hai / (2) bAlataMtra - bhASA-vacanikA - yaha lekhaka kI hindI ( rAjasthAnI mizrita) gadya meM ahichatrAnagara (vartamAna nAgaura) ke nivAsI rAmacaMdra paMDita ke 'kalyANadAsa' ne saMskRta meM 'bAlataMtram' kI racanA kI thI / gacchIya vAcaka dIpacaMdra ne kI - likhI huI racanA hai / putra aura mahidhara ke putra isakI bhASATIkA kharatara "tisakI bhASA kharataragaccha mAMhi jani 'vAcaka' padavI dhAraka 'dIpacanda' ise nAmaiM / " isa TIkA kA nAma lekhaka ne 'bAlataMtra bhASAvacanikA' yA 'bAlataMtragraMthavacanikAbaMdha' likhA hai | isameM bAlakoM ke rogoM kI cikitsA kA varNana 15 paTaloM meM kiyA gayA hai / bhASATIkA ke anta kA udvaraNa yahAM diyA jA rahA hai 1 granthArambha meM granthAMta meM 'granthakartA kahai haiM maiMne jo yaha bAla cikitsA grantha kIyA hai / nAnA prakAra kA grantha kR dekha kara kiyA hai so graMtha koNa koNa se Atreya 1, carakha 2 zruzruta 3, vAgbhaTa 4, hArIta 5, jogasata 6, sanipAtakalikA 7, baMgasena 8, bhAvaprakAza 9, bheDa 10, jogaratnAvalI 11, ToDarAnaMda 12, vaidya vinoda 13, vaidyakasAroddhAra 14, zruzruta 15 ( ? ), jogaciMtAmaNi 16 ityAdi granthAM kI sAkhA lekara meM yaha saMskRta saloka baMdha kIyA hai / kalyANadAsa paMDita kahatA hai, bAlaka kI cikitsA kA upAya ke dekha kIje / ahicchatrAnagara ke viSeM bahU paMDitAM ke viSeM siromana 'rAmacaMda' nAmA paMDita rAmacandrajI kI pUjA viSe sAvadhAna | so 'rAmacaMdra' paMDita kaiso hai / sAtAM kahatAM sajanAM naiM viSe paMDita manuSyAM ne prIya che| tisake 'mahidhara' nAmA putra bhayauM / so kazo huvIM / paMData manuSyoM ke tAMi khusyAli ke karaNahAre huye / atyaMta mahApaMDita hota bhaye / sarva paMDita janoM ke baMdanIka bhaye / phera 'mahighara' paMDita kese hota bhaye / zrI lakSamIjI ke nRsiMghajI ke carNa kamala sevana ke viSeM bhRMga kahatAM bhaMvarA samAna hota bhayo / mAhA vedAMtI bhaye / Atama gyAnI bhaye / sarva zAstra Agama artha tisake jAMNaNahAra bhaye / mahA paramAgama zAstra ke bakatA bhaye / tisake putra 'kalyANadAsa' nAmA hota bhaye / mAhA paMDita sarva zAstra ke bakatA jANaNahAra vaidyaka cikitsA viSe mahA praviNa sarva zAstra vaidyakakA dekha kara paroMpagAra ke nimitta paMDitA kA gyAna ke vAsateM yaha bAla cikitsA grantha karaNa vAste kalyANadAsa' paDita nAmA hota bhaye / tIseM karI saloka baMdha / tisakI bhASA 'kharatara gaccha' mAMhi jani 'vAcaka' padavI dhAraka 'dIpacanda' ise nAmaiM, tisa kahyA yaha saMskRta grantha kaThina hai sauM agyAnI maMda buddhi manuSya samajhe nahIM - tisa - 'atha bAlataMtragraMthabhASAvaca nikAbaMdha likhyate / ' ' iti zrI bAlataMtragranthabacanikAbaMdha pUrI pUrNamastu / ' (155)

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vAstai 'bAlataMtragranthabhASAvacanikA' kareM, maMda buddhi ke vAstai aura yA grantha virSe poDaza prakAra kI bAMjha strI kathana, nAmarda kA kathana, garbharakSA vidhAna kathana, baMdhyA stri kA rudra Rtu) snAna kathana, kaSTi stri kA uNaya, bAlaka kI dina mAsa varSa kI cikitsA kathana, bali vidhAna kathana, dhAya kA lakSaNa kathana, dudha zruddha karNa kA upAya, aura sarva bAlaka kA rogAM kA upAya kathana, isau jo bAlataMtra grantha sarvajana kauM sukhakArI huvii| iti bAlataMtra graMtha bhASA vacanikA sarva upAya kathana panaramau paTala pUro hubo / / 15 / iti zrI bAlataMtra grantha vanikA vaMdha pUrI pUrNamastu / / ' (3) vaidyakagrantha- (vi. 18vIM zatI). isakI hastaprati AcArya zAkhA bhaMDAra, bIkAnera meM vidyamAna hai / meghamuni (1761 I.) lokAgaccha kI eka zAkhA uttara prAMta meM jAne ke kAraNa 'uttarAdhagaccha' ke nAma se prasiddha huii| isI gaccha ke 'muni jaTamala' ke ziSya 'paramAnaMda' hue, unake ziSya 'sadAnaMda' hue, unake ziSya 'nArAyaNa' hue, unake ziSya 'narottama' hue, unake ziSya 'mAyArAma' hue aura mAyArAma ke ziSya 'meghavijaya' hue, jo sAmAnyatayA 'meghamuni' ke nAma se prasiddha haiN| 'meghamAla' aura 'meghavinoda ke anta meM unhoMne apanI isI guruparamparA kA ullekha kiyA hai 'zrI 'jaTumala' munisajI saba sAdhana rAjA, 'paramAnanda' su sIsa hai grantha vigUni sAjA / ziSya bhayo 'sadAnaMda' tisateM upamA bhArI, caudA vidyA yukta soI AjJA guru kArI / / 12 / / tAhi ziSya 'nArAyaNa' nAma, guNa sobhA ko dIse ThAma / tAMko ziSya bhayo 'narottama' vinayavaMta AjJA nabhagottama / / 16 / / tA sevA meM 'mayAjurAma, kRyAvaMta vidyA abhirAma / tinakI dayA bhaI mujha Upara, upajyo jJAna sahI mohI para / / 17 / / (meghamAla, granthAMta) meghamuni jaina yati the aura inakA nivAsasthAna paMjAba ke jAlaMdhara jile meM 'phagavAr3A' nAmaka nagara thaa.| yaha nagara kapUrathalA riyAsata meM thA aura vyApAra kI prasiddha maMDI rahA / yahIM rahate hue unhoMne tIna grantha likhe the1. meghamAla--yaha varSAvijJAna saMbaMdhI grantha hai| isakI racanA saM. 1817 kArtika sudi 3 guruvAra ko phagavADe ke rAva (ThAkura) 'caudharI cAhar3amala' ke kAla meM huI thii| yaha grantha veMkaTezvara presa baMbaI se prakAzita ho cukA hai| 'cUhaDamalla ju caudharI, phagavAre ko raau| catura saina kA sobha haiM, jiu uDagaNa zazi thAu / / 22 // ' 1560

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2. meghavinoda-yaha vaidyaka saMbaMdhI prasiddha racanA hai| 3. dAnazIlatapa- yaha hastalikhita rUpa meM paMjAba bhaMDAra meM maujUda hai| ra. kA. saM. 1817 / meghavinoda-isakI racanA bhI phagavAr3e meM saMvat 1818 (1761 I.) pauSa vadI tRtIyA, somavAra ko punarvasu nakSatra aura brahmayoga meM pUrNa huI thii| yaha Ayurveda kI dRSTi se bahuta mahatvapUrNa kRti hai| isameM vistAra ke sAtha rogoM ke nidAna aura cikitsA donoM kA vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| nidAna-cikitsA kA sundara gratha hai| vibhinna rogoM ke lie sarala, sugama aura pracalita siddha yogoM kA saMkalana hai| isake nirmANa meM aneka granthoM se sahAyatA lI gayI hai, jisakA sthAnasthAna para nirdeza milatA hai| yaha vistRta aura upayogI grantha hai| yaha grantha prathama gurumukhI (paMjAbI) lipi meM prakAzita huA thaa| lAhaura ke 'motIlAla banArasIdAsa' prakAzana saMsthA ke saMsthApaka sundara lAsa jaina ne isakA narendranAtha zAstrI se hindI meM bhASAnuvAda karAyA, jo 'saudAminI bhASAbhASya' nAma se gadya meM lAhaura se hI 1942 meM prakAzita huA thaa| aba isakA dvitIya saMskaraNa, 1951 meM motIlAla banArasIdAsa, banArasa se chapA hai, jo upalabdha hai| graMthakAra kI ukti ke anusAra isameM pAMca hajAra dohe, caupAIyAM aura anya chaMda haiM tathA battIsa akSara kI 'gAthA' ke hisAba se sAta hajAra tIna sau gAthA yA graMtha haiN| isameM prathama adhyAya meM parIkSAvidhi (nAr3IparIkSA, mUtra parIkSA, kAlajJAna, praznavidhi, mukha va netra kI parIkSA), vaidya, dUta, zakuna, rogI, raktamokSaNa. mAnapramANa nakSatra kaSTAvalI, vArakaSTAvalI, svapna vicAra, yuktAyuktavicAra, vanaspati / auSadhiyoM kA vicAra, auSadhasevanakAla, anukalpanA, rogoM kI gaNanA, zarIrakavarNana, telapAka vidhi, kvAthapAka vidhi, vAta-pitta-kapha ke lakSaNa va roga-viSaya diye hai| a 2 se 11 taka jvarAdirogoM ke nidAna, saMprApti, lakSaNa, upadrava ke vivecana ke sAtha cikitsA kA vistAra ke sAtha vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| bArahaveM adhyAya meM viSa, virecana, nasya dhUmrapAna, svarasAdikalpanA, nighaMTu-varNana (dravyoM kA paricaya va guNadharma ) Adi viSaya diye haiN| terahaveM adhyAya meM dhAtuoM ke zodhana, avaleha, ghRta-taila, Asava-ariSTa, guTikA, pAka, pauSTikayoga vaNita haiN| cikitsAviSayaka yaha uttama saMgraha-grantha hai| isameM 1 mAdhavanidAna, 2 vaMgasena 3 yogacitAmaNi, 4 zAGgadhara, 5 yogazataka, 6 kAla jJAna, 7 sannipAtakalikA, 8 nighaNTu, 9 sArasaMgraha, 10 ratnamAlA, 11 pathyApathya, 12 vaidyakutUhala, 13 brahmayAmala, 14 rasaratnAkara, 15 vIrasiMhAvaloka, 16 DAmarataMtra, 17 samaMjarI, 18 AtreyasaMhitA, 19 hArItasaMhitA, 20 carakasaMhisA, 21 sAroddhAra, 22 manoramA, 23 bhAvaprakAza, 24 hitopadeza, 25 vanda, 26 prabhRti graMthoM ke uddharaNa diye gaye haiN| isameM pracalita | 1571

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rogoM aura unakI anubhUta cikitsA kA bhI varNana kiyA gayA haiM / . lie bahuta upayogI hai / ata: cikitsaka ke pAkAdhikAra meM vAjIkaraNa hetu 'kalAnidhi - yUnAnI vaidyaka ke dravyoM aura auSadhayogoM kA bhI upayoga hai laghu aura bar3I javAharI (yAkUtI ) kA prayoga draSTavya hai / vaTI' (kezara, zu. hiMgula, jAyaphala, kastUrI, aphIma, bhAMga, AkarakarA kA yoga ) vizeSa hai| graMthAMta meM jyotiSazAstrAnusAra auSadha dene ke yoga, vArayoga aura roga ke bAda snAna karane ke yoga batAye hai auSadha dene ke yoga - revatI, azvinI, puSya, punarvasu, mRgazirA, hasta, citrA, mUlA, zatabhiSA, svAtI, zravaNa aura dhaniSThA - ina nakSatra - yogoM meM auSadha denI cAhie / vArayoga - ravivAra, zanivAra, maMgalavAra ko auSadha denI cAhie / isase zIghra lAbha hotA hai / roga ke bAda snAna - rohiNI, svAtI, uttarASAr3hA, uttarAbhAdrapadA aura uttarAphAlgunI - ina nakSatroM ko chor3akara punarvasu, revatI tathA maghA nakSatroM meM, isI prakAra riktA tithi, cara lagna, maMgalavAra aura ravivAra ke dina rogI ko sthAna karAnA cAhie / cainasukha yati ( 1763 I.) yaha zvetAMbara sAdhu the / yaha kharataragaccha meM jinadattasUri zAkhA meM lAbhanidhAna ke ziSya the |2 inakA nivAsasthAna phatehapura ( zekhAvATI ) thAM / inake ziSya cimanIrAma ne vahAM saM. 1868 meM inakI chatarI ( samAdhi ) banAI thI / phatahapura inakI paraMparA ke yati Aja bhI vidyamAna haiM / ye acche cikitsaka the / inake vaidyaka para rAjasthAnI meM likhe do grantha milate haiM 1. satazlokI bhASATIkA 2. vaidyajIvana-TavA ye donoM grantha bhASATIkAeM haiM / 1 inakI guru-ziSya paramparA isa prakAra hai- vAcaka zIlacandraga riNa - vAcaka ratnamUrti-garaNa - merusundara upAdhyAya - kSAMtimaMdira - harSapriyagariNa - vAcaka harSodayagaraNaharSasAra (samrATa akabara ke samakAlIna ) - zivanidhAna upAdhyAya - vA. matisiMha - ratnajaya - bhAgyavarddhana - lAbhasamudra - lAbhodaya ( saM. 1762 ) - lAbhanidhAna - cainasukha - cimanIrAma / ( agaracanda nAhaTA, bhaMvaralAla nAhahA, yugapradhAna zrI jinadattasUri, pR.69-73)| (158)

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1. satazlokIbhASATIkA-(stabaka) bopadeva ne 13vIM zatI ke madhya meM padyoM meM cikitsA saMbaMdhI 'zatazlokI' nAmaka yogasaMgraha kI racanA kI thii| isameM cUrNa, guTikA, avaleha, ghRta, taila aura kvAtha ke rUpa meM bhISadhayogoM kA saMgraha hai| yaha grantha cikitsA meM bahuta prasiddha rahA / isa para cainasukhayati ne gadya meM rAjasthAnI bhASATIkA likhI hai| isakI racanA maheza kI AjJA se ratanacanda ke lie kI gaI thii| isakA racanAkAla saMvat 1820 (1763 I.) bhAdrapada kRSNA 12 zanivAra diyA gayA hai| graMtha ke anta meM likhA hai 'saMvat aThAre vIsa' ke, mAsa bhAdrapada jANa / kRSNapakSa titha dvAdazI, vAra zanizcara mAna / / 1 / / TIkA karI sudhari ke, cainasukha kavirAya / AjJA pAya 'maheza' kI, 'ratanacanda ke bhAya / / 2 / ' 2. vaidyajIvana TavA-lolimbarAja kI 'vaidyajIvana' eka prasiddha kRti hai| isameM rogAnusAra sarala, anubhUta, choTe yoga die haiN| yaha sadaiva cikitsakoM kA kaNThadAra rahA hai / isa para rAjasthAnI gadya meM cainasukha jatI ne 'TavA nAmaka bhASATIkA likhI hai / rAmavijaya upAdhyAya (1774 I.) yaha kharataragacchIya 'dayAsiMha' ke ziSya the| vaidyaka para inake do TIkA-grantha milate haiM1. zatazlokI-stabaka (bopadevakRta 'zatazlokI' kI bhASATIkA) 2. sannipAtakAlikA-stabaka ina donoM graMthoM kA racanAkAla saM. 1831 (1774 I.) aura racanAsthAna pAlI (mAravAr3a) hai| saMbhavataH ye isI kSetra ke nivAsI the / 'zatazlokI stabaka' kI hastaprati rA. prA. vi. pra. cittaur3a (39) meM hai| canarUpa (1778 I.) saMbhavataH ye bIkAnera ke nivAsI the| inake eka vaidyaka graMtha 'pathyApathya-stabaka' kI hastaprati dAnasAgara bhaMDAra bIkAnera meM maujUda hai| isakA racanAkAla saM. 1835 (1778 I.) hai| raghupati (18vIM zatI I.) inake guru kharataragacchIya 'vidyAnidhAna' the| inakA kAla vi. 18vI zatI thA / (159)

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.ye acche kavi the| inakI adhikAMza racanAeM rAjasthAnI meM haiM / / inakI racanAeM saM. 1787 se 18 19 (1730 se 1782 I.) taka kI milatI haiN| isameM 51 padya haiN| isameM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke dasoThaNa (nAmasthApana saMskAra). ke avasara para kI gaI bhojana kI taiyArI kA varNana hai| isa prasaMga meM bhojana ke prakAra, dravya aura unakI vizeSatAoM kA bhI ullekha huA hai| prathama padya dekhie 'Asana pAna khAdiya tathA, svAdima cyAra prakAra / yathA yogya saMskArayuta, bhojana hota taiyAra / / 1 vizrAma (1785-1811 I.) yaha 'kUrmadeza' ke 'arjunapura' ke nivAsI the| 'kUrma' arthAt 'kacchapa' (kachuA) 'kacchapadeza' kA apabhraza hokara vartamAna 'kaccha' zabda banA hai| yaha kaccha pradeza bhArata ke pazcima meM saurASTra ke uttara meM, rAjasthAna ke dakSiNa-pazcimI kone para. sthita hai, jo vartamAna meM mahAgujarAta prAnta kA eka aMga hai| yaha pradeza cAroM ora se arabasAgara dvArA ghirA hone se eka dvIpa (TApU) hai| isake tona ora sAgara kA jala bharA rahatA hai, kevala eka ora (rAjasthAna aura uttarI gujarAta kI ora) daladalayukta bhAga hai / __ 'kaccha' meM 'arjunapura' kA apabhraMza rUpa 'anjAra' hai jo bhuja-nagara se pazcima meM sthita hai| kisI samaya vahAM rAjadhAnI vidyamAna thii| lekhaka kI 'vyAdhinigraha' kI prApta hastalikhita prati meM 'arjunapura' ke sthAna para 'anjAra' nagara kA spaSTa ullekha hone se 'arjuna pura' hI anjAra hai, isa tathya kI puSTi hotI hai| vartamAna meM yaha pAlanapura-gAMdhIdhAma relave lAina para sthita hai| vizrAma ne apane ko 'Agama' nAmaka gaccha ke muni 'jIvA' ke ziSya 'pItAMbara" kA ziSya batAyA hai - 'kUrmadeze'rjunapuraH tatra vAsI sadA kila / guru jIvAbhidhAnasya gaccha cAgamasaMjJakaH 114011 tasya 'pItAMbara:' ziSyaH tatpAdavandaka: sadA / devaguruprasAdena 'vizrAmaH' granthakArakaH / / 41 / / (anu. ma., graMyAMta) inakA kAla IsavI kI 18vIM zatI kA anta jJAta hotA hai / vaidyakazAstrapara likhe hue vizrAma ke do grantha milate haiM 1. anupAnamaMjarI 2. vyAdhinigraha / 1 rA. hi. ha. graMthoM ko khoja, bhAga 4, pR. 154 [160]

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anupAnamaMjarI ____ isa grantha kA prakAzana abhI kucha samaya pUrva gujarAta Ayurveda yunivarsiTI, jAmanagara se hindITIkAsahita huA hai / grantha ke prArambha meM saccidAnanda ko namaskAra kiyA hai| isake viSaya ko upakrama meM batAyA hai-dhAtu, upadhAtu, sthAvara viSa, jaMgamaviSa ke vikAroM kI zAMti ke lie anupAnamaMjarI kA vyAkhyAna kiyA hai 'dhAtustathopadhAtuzca viSaM sthAvarajaMgamam / tasya vikAra zAntyarthaM vakSye'nupAnamaMjarI / / 2 / / ' ___ yaha grantha pAMca 'samuddezyoM' yA 'paTaloM meM vibhakta hai| inake nAma aura viSayavastu isa prakAra haiM1. dhAtuvikArazAMti kRtaprakaraNa- isameM apakva, pakva, suvarNa, rUpA, vaMga, ayaH, pittala mAdi dhAtu-viSajanya vikAroM kI zAMti ke upAya batAye gae haiN| 2. upadhAtu-zAMtiprakaraNa- isameM pArada, tAla, manaHzilA, gaMdhaka, zilAjIta, tuttha, kAsIsa, muktA, pravAla, hIraka Adi ke doSoM kI cikitsA kA varNana hai / 3. sthAvaraviSazAMti kRtaprakaraNa-isameM sthAvara (vanaspatija) viSoM yathA-aphIma, dhattUra, bhallAtaka, vatsanAbha, supArI, kodrava, kucalA Adi ke vikAroM kI zAMti ke upAya sUcita haiN| 4. jaMgamaviSazAMtiprakaraNa-isameM tarakSu, zvAna, bicchu, sarpa, bhramara, makSikA, chucchundara Adi jIva-jantuoM ke viSa kI cikitsA batAyI hai| 5. dhAtu-upadhAtu mAraNavidhi- isameM dhAtu, upadhAtuoM ke zodhana, maraNa aura rogavizeSa meM unake anupAna kA varNana kiyA hai / 'athAtaH saMpravakSyAmi dhAtUpadhAtumAraNaiH / rogANAmanupAnaM tu saMkSepAtkathyate'dhunA / / ' 6. rogAnupAnaprakaraNa-isameM zUla, saMgrahaNI Adi rogoM ke anupAnoM kA varNana hai| anta meM lekhaka ne dhAtuoM aura upadhAtuoM kA nAma parigaNana kiyA haidhAtuoM- sonA, rUpA, tAMbA, loha, zIsA, khapariyA aura jasada / upadhAtueM-pArA, gaMdhaka, haratAla, abhraka, manaHzilA, suvarNamAkSika, somala / 'suvarNa rajataM tAmra lohaM nAgaM ca kharparaM / saptamaM jasadaM dhAtuH jJAtavyaM vibudhaH janaH / / ' ...... 'pAradaM gandhakaM tAlaM abhrakaM ca mn:shilaa| mAkSikaM somalaM tAlaM jJAtavyAH saptopadhAtavo ye // ' (161)

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rA. prA. vi. pra. udayapura sthita hastaprati (graMthAMka 1472) meM pratyeka prakaraNa yA paTala kI zloka saMkhyA isa prakAra haiisameM kala 151 padya haiN| !- 16 zloka 2---22 zloka 3.- 32 zloka 4--- 39 zloka 5-- 34 zloka 6- 8 zloka isakA racanAkAla saM. 1842 (1785 I.) caitra zuklA 5, guruvAra diyA hai'saMvadaSTAdaze(18) varSe sAgaga(4) netra 2) cAdhike / caitre site ca paJcamyAM guruvAre ca granthakRtaH / / 39 / / ' (graMthAMta) isakI viSayavastu navIna evaM zailI bhinna hai| ata: yaha bahuta mahatvapUrNa kRti hai| vyAdhinigraha- sastabaka isameM rogoM kI cikitsA ke anubhUta yoga saMgRhita haiN| yaha grantha bhI upayogI aura viziSTa hai / rA. prA. vi. pra. jodhapura meM isakI do hastapratiyAM maiMne dekhI haiM (grathAMka 4171, 4870), isa grantha kA nirmANakAla saM. 1868 (1811 I ) diyA hai / malUkacanda (18vIM zatI) yaha jaina zrAvaka the| saMbhavataH inakA nivAsasthAna bIkAnera kSetra thaa| inakA kAla 18vIM zatI I. mAnA jAtA hai| inakA vizeSa paricaya nahIM milatA / racanAkAla aura racanAsthAna kA bhI nirdeza nahIM diyA hai| inhoMne phArasI ke yUnAnI cikitsA sambandhI gratha 'tibba mahAbI' kA hindI meM 'vaidyahulAsa' nAma se padyAnuvAda kiyA thaa| prathama phArasI ke isa grantha ko unhoMne sunA, phira guNIjanoM ko sunAne hetu bhASA meM racanA kii| unhoMne svayaM likhA hai 'zravaNe prathameM suni laI, 'tiba sahAbI Ahi / pAche bhASA hI racI, gunajana sunio tAMhi / / 3 / / 'vaidyahulAsa' jo nAma dhari, kIyo grantha amIkaMda / 'zrAvakakula' pakSa (janma) ko, nAma 'malUka sucaMda' / / 5 / / 'rAjasthAna meM hindI ke hastalikhita granthoM kI khoja' bhAga2meM uddhRta prati kA lipikAla saMvat 1871 (1814 I.) hai| grantha ke anta meM puSpikA dI hai (162)

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'iti zrI malUkacaMda viracite tibba sahAbI bhASA kRta nAma vaidyahulAsaM samAptaM' isakI pratiyoM meM padyasaMkhyA kA antara pAyA jAtA hai| abhaya jainagranthAlaya bIkAnera kI prati meM 404 aura kRpAcaMdrasUri jJAna bhaDAra bIkAnera kI prati meM 518 padya haiN| isake saMbaMdha meM agara canda nAhaTA ne likhA hai- 'kavi ne vizeSa paricaya yA racanAkAlAdi nahIM diye haiN| isakI kaI hastalikhita pratiyAM kharataragaccha ke jJAnabhaMDAroM meM dekhane meM aaii| ata: isa ke kharataragacchIya hone kI saMbhAvanA hai|'1 ___ isa grantha meM adhyAyoM yA khaMDoM kA koI vibhAga nahIM hai| eka hI pravAha meM pUrA grantha likhA gayA hai| grantha meM dI gaI cikitsA sugama aura cittAkarSaka hai 'sumagacikitsA cittaracI, gurucaraNe citu lAi' (prArambha, padya 2) udAharaNa dekhie= 'kulAMjaNa kakaDasiMhI, loMga kuDha su kacUra / bhADaMgI jala vapata so mahAkAsa hui dUra / / (aMta, 404) -kuliMjana, kAkar3AsIMgI, laiMga, kUTha, kacUra, bhAraMgI kA kAr3hA banAkara pIne se tIvakAsa (khAMsI) dUra hotI hai / 'tibba sahAbI' kI mUla racanA lukamAna hakIma ne phArasI meM kI thii| yaha 'tibba' arthAt yUnAnI cikitsA kA upayogI, prAmANika aura mahatvapUrNa grantha mAnA jAtA hai / isakA hindI meM padyamaya anuvAda karake malUkacada ne navIna dRSTi kA paricaya diyA hai / isase unakI hikamata vidyA meM nipuNatA aura cikitsAzAstra kA gambhIra jJAna honA siddha hotA hai| samAja meM dhIre-dhIre Ayurveda (vaidyaka) ke sAtha yUnAnI cikitsA kI upayogitA bhI prakaTa huI thI--yaha isa anuvAda se sUcita hotA hai| vaise, yUnAnI cikitsA kA mUla bhAratIya cikitsA-vijJAna 'Ayurveda' hI hai| ata: donoM meM saiddhAtika-samAnatAeM, oSadhidravyoM kI ekarUpatA Adi tathya dekhane ko milate haiM / sumatidhIra (I. 18vIM zatI) yaha khara tara gacchIya the| inakAbAla vi. 19vIM zatI hai / ina ke likhe 'vaidyajIvana-sta baka' ko hastaprati curUbhaMDAra meM maujUda hai| yaha saM. 184: (1784 I.kI likhita hai / agaracanda nAhaTA, kharataragaccha ke sAhityasarjaka zrAvaka garaNa, jinacandrasUri aSTama zatAbdI smRti-grantha, pR. 172 / [163]

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karmacandra yaha kharataragacchIya 'cautha jI' ke ziSya the| inakAkAla vi. 18vIM zatI hai| inhoMne 'mAdhavanidAna jvarAdhikAra-TIkA' kI racanA kI thii| isakI hastaprati hIrAcaMdasUri bhaMDAra banArasa meM hai| haMsarAja pippalaka (vi. 18vIM zatI) inakA vizeSa paricaya nahIM miltaa| inakAkAla vi. 18 vIM zatI hai / inake likhe grantha 'mUtralakSaNa' kI hastaprati 'kha. jayapura' meM hai / __ gaMgArAma yati (1821 I.) paricaya-paMjAba ke yati-vaidyoM meM gaMgArAma yati kA sthAna mahatvapUrNa hai / 'yati-nidAna' ke anta meM svayaM kavi dvArA diye gaye 'kavi-kula-varNana' se jJAta hotA hai ki ye mUlataH syAlakoTa ke nivAsI the| kavi gaMgArAma aura unake choTe bhAI dhanapati vahAM se 1 iha saMkhepataH artha lakha sArIraka nija jJAna / kavikula bhAkhoM pragaTa aba gaccha nAma paramAna / / janamasAri jina vIra kI, tajI bhasma graha jauna / udaya bhaye hIrA giri rUpacanda sisa tauna / / udati divAkara tapa viSe, vairAdiga sikha caina / 'vastupAla kalyAna muni bhairava muni yati jaina / AcAraja giramera sama nemacanda dhara dhIra / tina ke surataru sama bhaye 'prAsakarana' vara vIra / / tisa prabha te sAkhA bhaI, haraSAvata sukha nAma / 'haraSacanda' munirAja guraNa karAmAta ko dhAma / / haraSacanda munirAja ke sikha bhUri phalaphUla / 'khemacanda munirAja grahi, jJAtAguna nija mUla / / sikha jugala tinake bhaye mohana RSa munirAma / 'rAmacanda' ke sikha sama 'saMgatamuni' sukha dhAma / / 'sAlakoTa' meM prabala tapa terA sikha samAja / sabhI gaye paraloka sukha, rahe 'tIna munirAja // 'amIcanda' salakoTa meM vase sadA graha tyAga / dui muni prAi vase sukhI 'amRtasara' bar3a bhAga / / jJAnavAna tapa teja para sIla siromani bhUpa / zrI RSi 'sUratarAma' muni adbhuta sundara rUpa / sikha jugala tinake bhaye 'gaMgayati' kavidAsa / 'dhanapati' RSi laghu bhrAtavara raho sadA sukhavAsa / / [164]

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amRtasara Akara basa gae yahAM jaina-yati sUratarAma ke prabhAva se ina donoM ne dIkSA le lI thii| Ayurveda kA jJAna zrI gaMgArAma ne 'sUratarAma' se hI grahaNa kiyA thA / 'yatinidAna' ke anta meM dI gaI puSpikA se bhI jJAta hotA hai yaha zvetAMbara sampradAya meM nAgaurIgaccha ke gaccha ziromaNi muni 'saMgatirAja' ke ziSya paMDita 'sUratarAma' ke ziSya the / ' iti zrI gacchaziromaNi 'gaccha ni (nA) gorI' meM zrI munirAja 'saMgatiRSi', tat ziSya zrI paNDita pUja 'sUratarAma', tatziSya 'kavi - gaMgArAma yati' viracitaM 'yatinidAnaM' 'samAptam / ' sUratarAma jJAna-vijJAna meM prasiddha the / vidvAnoM ke pUjya the / yati gaMgArAma likhate haiM 'zrI muni sUratarAma mukha vacana piyUSa samAna | vaha nara hue amara laghu, jina nara kIne pAna ||' (a. 25 ) ye AjIvana amRtasara meM rahe / nagara hai / usa samaya vahAM zAsana thA - unake viSaya meM rAvI aura vyAsa ke madhyavartI kSetra meM basA yaha prasiddha 'mahAMsiMha' ke putra 'raNajitasiMha' (AhavajitasiMha ) kA 'rAvI vyAsA ke viSai amRtasara vikhyAta / guni dhani tahi jana vaseM, dekhata saba duHkha jAta / / bhUpati tisa pura ko balI, 'mahAM siMgha' ko pUta / 'Ahavajita' isa nAma kara kalijuga meM puruhUta / ' raNajitasiMha kA zAsana pratApI aura samRddhizAlI thA / amRtasara nagara meM pazcimottara bhAga meM ! 'bIba galI dugalAM dI' nAmaka muhalle meM gaMgArAma yati rahate the / vahIM 'yati nidAna' grantha kI racanA kI thI / 'amRtasara pura meM sukhada pazcima uttara mAMhi / 'vISadvAra dugalAni' kI kavi ko mandara Ahi // grantha racyo yahi yati ne tAte 'yati nidAna' / 'gaMga yati ' kavi ko sadA rahyo AtmA dhyAna / / ' vaidyakavidyA para 'gaMgArAma' ke cAra graMtha milate haiM- 1, yati-nidAna, 2. lolimba4. bhAvanidAna / rAjabhASA, 3. sUrataprakAza, 1, yatinidAna - yaha 'mAdhavanidAna' kA dohe caupAIyoM meM anuvAda hai / granthakAra ke anusAra murAdAbAda nivAsI jasavaMta nAmaka brAhmaNa jo amRtasara meM yati gaMgArAma ke pAsa Akara rahane lagA thA, kI prArthanA para saMskRta ke mAdhavanidAna kA padyamaya bhASAnuvAda kiyA thA / use saMskRta kaThina jAna par3atI thI / janasAdhAraNa meM bhI saMskRta kA samajha pAnA zanaiH zanaiH durUha hotA jA rahA thA [165]

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'nagara 'murAdAbAda' ko vAsI 'dvija jasavaMta' / nagara 'sudhAsara' AI kara aise vacana kahaMta / / 'gaMgayati' kavi vRnda nRpa ! 'mAdhava kaThina nidaan'| tAke aba bhASA ra co jAne jAna sujAna / / 'gaMgayati' kavi sunata hI cita anukaMpA. dhAra / thor3e meM bahumata dharI bhASA karI sudhAra // ' (adhyAya 1) isakI racanA amRtasara meM mahArAjA raNajitasiMha ke kAla meM vi. saM. 1878 (182 1I.) vaizAkha sudi 2 guruvAra ko pUrNa huI thii| usa samaya nAnakazAhI saM. 352 thA / 'saMvat vikramarAja ko ATha sAta vasu eka / rAdha mAsa thita dUja ko suTha guruvAra viveka / / saMvat nAnaka zAhi kA sahasaveda tatvajAna / naina su bahuta bakhAniye guni ja na karahu dhyAna / / granya udai taha dina bhayo pUpana jema amAza / deha bhUmi ko roga tama sabha ko kare prakAza / / ' isa grantha kA nAma lekhaka ne 'yati-nidAna' rakhA hai| isameM sarvatra jainadharma ke prati AsthA, niSThA aura guru ke prati sammAna kI bhAvanA parilakSita hotI hai / isa graMtha meM paccIsa adhyAya haiN| pahale caubIsa adhyAyoM ke prArambha meM kramazaH eka eka jaina tIrthaGkara ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai aura paccIsaveM adhyAya meM guru sUratarAma kI stuti kI gaI hai| caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM-1. RSabhadeva yA AdinAtha, 2. ajitanAtha, 3. sambhavanAtha, 4. abhinandana, 5. sumatinAtha, 6. padmaprabha, 7. supArzvanAtha, 8. candraprabha, 9. suvidhinAtha, 10. zItalanAtha, 11. zreyAMsanAtha, 12. vasupUja, 13. vimalanAtha, 14 anantanAtha, 15. dharmanAtha, 16. zAntinAtha, 17. kuntanAtha 18. aranAtha, 19. mallinAtha. . 0. muni suvrata, 21. na minAtha, 22. na minAtha, 23. pArzvanAtha, 24. mahAvIra / graMthArambha meM RSabhadeva ke bAda pArzvanAtha, gaNapati, zAradA, dhanvantari aura zaMkara kI vaMdanA kI gaI hai| gagArAma ne isa racanA se pahale caraka, dhanvantari, suzruta, vAgbhaTa, hArIta, bhoja Adi ke graMthoM va anyataMtroM kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| yati nidAna meM mAdhavakara dvArA viracita 'mAdhavanidAna' ke anusAra roga, bheda, sAdhAsAdhyatA, upadrava aura ariSTa lakSaNoM kA vistAra se varNana kiyA hai / yaha hindI meM dohe aura caupAI chandoM meM likhA gayA hai| bhASA para paMjAbI prabhAva dikhAI par3atA hai| adhikAroM yA adhyAyoM kA viSayavibhAjana isa prakAra hai-- 1. paMcanidAna aura jvara, 2. atisAra-pravAhikA, 3. saMgrahaNI, 4. aza, 5. ajIrNa, 6. krimi roga, pAMDuroga, 7. raktapitta, rAjayakSmA, uraHkSata, 8. kAsaroga, hikkA, zvAsa roga, 9. svarabheda-arocaka-di-tRSNA, 10. mUrchA-bhrama-nidrA-taMdrA-sanyApa [16

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madAtyaya-dAha, 11. unmAda-apasmAra, 12. vAta roga, 13. vAtarakta, 14. zUla, udAvarta, 15. gulma-hRdrog2a, 18. mUtrakRccha-mUtrAghAta - azmarI, 17. prameha-medoroga, - 18, udara roga, zAtha vRddhi, 19. galagaNDa-gaNDamAlA-granthi-apacI-arbuda-zlIpadabidradhi vraNazotha-zArIravraNa-sadyovraNa-bhagna-nADIvraNa, 20. bhagaMdara-upadaza-zUkaroga, 21. kuSTha, zotapitta, 21. amlapitta, visarpa, visphoTa, masUrikA, 22. snAyuka, kSudraroga, mukha roga, 23. nAsAroga, netraroga, ziroroga, 24. strIroga, (pradara roga, yoni vyApada, yonikaMda, bAdhaka roga, garbha roga, mUDhagarbha, prasUtaroga, stanaroga, dugdharoga), bAlaroga, viSa roga, 25. mizrakAdhyAya samprApti--vivecana nADIparIkSA mUtraparIkSA, shaariirkjnyaan| isa prakAra AyurvedIya nidAna viSaya para yaha sarvA gapUrNa grantha hai / caubIsaveM adhyAya ke prArambha meM yati gaMgArAma ne sUcita kiyA hai ki pUrva ke 23 adhyAya vi. saMvat 1877 kArtika zukla 10 ko pUrNa ho ge| yaha grantha kevala mAdhavanidAna kA anuvAda-mAtra nahIM hai| kucha naye roga bhI isameM vaNita haiN| 22veM adhyAya meM 61 kSudrarogoM kA varNana kiyA hai| inameM zUkaradaMSTra, kaca dadru, badha, pittaroga (barasAta meM hone vAlI phusiyAM), dagdhapitta, kaneDU (kana pheDa), chikkA roga --- ina chaH rogoM kA vivaraNa adhika diyA hai| gaMga yati kA kathana hai ki eka eka romakRpa meM sau sau roga ho sakate haiN| manuSya apanI buddhi ke anusAra unakI kalpanA aura jJAna kre| 23veM adhyAya meM udarazUla-vizeSa ke rUpa meM 'bIlAroga nAmaka viziSTa roga kA nidAna diyA hai| isake hetu zArIrika aura najara kA doSa batAyA gayA hai| isake nidAna-lakSaNoM kA varNana diyA hai| yadyapi 'yati nidAna' nidAna kA grantha hai, parantu kahIM kahIM isameM anubhUta auSadhi evaM taMtra-maMtra prayoga die gae haiN| 'bIlAroga' ke lie maMtra-prayAga diyA hai| isakA yati gaMga ne siddha-cikitsA ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai| 23veM adhyAya meM hI yati gaMga ne 'napUsakatA' ke 8 bheda batAe haiM-1 vAta se. 2 pitta se, 3 kapha se, 4 vAtapitta se, 5 vAtakapha se, 6 pittakapha se, 7 sannipAta se aura 8 parastrI ke sAtha maithuna karane se| kahIM kahIM lekhaka ne apane svataMtra vicAra bhI prakaTa kiye haiN| pradara se strI kI zobhA aura sauMdarya naSTa ho jAtA hai| ise rUpaka meM kavi ne sundara DhaMga se prastuta kiyA hai-kAminI strI kA zarIra AkAza hai, mukha caMdramA hai, keza saMdhyA hai, aMga camakate tAre haiM, dekhane vAle manuSyoM ke netra kumuda haiM, jo strImukharUpI caMdramA ko dekhakara khila jAte haiN| yaha saba sundara hai| parantu pradararUpI sUrya ke udaya hone para yaha saba phIkA par3a jAtA hai| (adhyAya 24) kahIM kahIM grantha meM saMkSipta anubhUta cikitsA-prayoga aura pathyApathya bhI likhe gaye haiN| pradara kI cikitsA meM likhA hai-cUhe kI mIMganI mahIna pIsakara pratidina 6 mAze kI mAtrA meM bakarI ke dUdha ke sAtha khAne se saba prakAra kA pradararoga dUra hotA hai| isa [167]

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roga meM strI ko zItala jala nahIM pInA cAhie aura na hI ThaMDI havA meM ghUmanA-phiranA caahie| yonivyApadoM ke kAraNoM meM deza-kAla rItirivAja, kula ke devIdevatAoM, satI, saukana kA kopa, phiraMga yA upadezapIDita puruSa se saMsarga bhI hetu batAye gae haiN| mAdhava ke anusAra vaMdhyA kA varNana kara 'dhanvantari' ke matAnusAra usake tIna bheda batAe haiM-janmavandhyA, kAkavandhyA aura mRtvtsaa| mRtavatsA ke puna: 8 bheda diye haiM / isa meM bhagadoSa kI cikitsA vaidya kre| karmadoSa balavAn ho to karmaviSAka ke anusAra yatna kare / mantavya ke anusAra nAma, indra, gaNeza, maheza, dineza (sUrya) aura jineza (jaina tIrthaMkara) mahAvIra meM se kisI eka kA iSTa rkheN| devIkopa ko dUra karane ke lie devIdevatAoM kI zraddhApUrvaka pUjA va upAsanA kare / zArIrika doSa ko dUra karane ke lie zivaliMgI kA eka bIja yA vidhAre kA bIja guDa meM lapeTa kara khA jAve isase garbha ThaharatA hai| _ 'yati nidAna' meM strIrogAdhikAra meM 'bAdhakaroga' nAmaka viziSTa vyAdhi kA varNana prApta hotA hai| ye santAnotpatti meM bAdyA jalane vAli yoni-garbhAzayaroga haiN| inake cAra prakAra batAye haiM - raktabhAdrI, paSThI, aMkura aura jalakumAra | kucha striyoM ko kevala strIsaMtAna hI paidA hotI hai| liMga-parivartana karAne vAlI auSadhayoga gaMgayati ne diyA hai-jaba garbha do mAsa yA 70 dina kA ho jAve taba strI ko pratidina eka-eka mAzA bhAMga ke bIja gur3a meM lapeTa kara jala ke sAtha nigalA deN| yaha prayoga niraMtara 7 mAha taka kreN| usake bAda chor3a deN| isa prayoga ke karane se garbha lar3akI lar3ake meM badala jaavegaa| gaMgayati kA yaha anubhUta prayoga lagatA hai| isI prakAra, stanavidradhi meM jvAra ke donoM kI pulTisa bAMdhanA likhA hai| stanavidradhi meM eka marahama diyA hai-tilatala 12 tole lekara garama kareM, usake eka pala (4 tole) sindUra milAkara khUba garma kareM, hilAte rheN| phira nIce utAra leveN| bAda meM khUba hilAveM, ThaMDA hone para malahama bana jaavegaa| isako stanavidradhi meM bAMdhane se zIghra ArAma hotA hai| bAla grahoM ke prasaMga meM dhanvantarimata ke rUpa meM gaMga yati ne pratimAsa hone vAlI viziSTa grahapIr3A kA varNana kiyA hai jo mAdhavanidAna meM nahIM haiM - bAlakoM ko prathama mAsa meM pUtanAgraha, dvitIyamAsa meM kuTakuTA devI kA doSa, tRtIyamAsa meM gomatI graha, caturthamAsa meM piMgalAdevI, paMcamamAsa meM kuTakuTA graha, SaSThamAsa meM kaMpitAdevI, saptamamAsameM zItalAdevI, aSTamamAsa meM rAjanIdevI, navamamAsa meM kIranAdevI, dazamamAsa meM zItalAdevI, ekAdazamAsa meM rAkSasIdevI kA, dvAdazamAsa meM sUkhe kI bImArI ho jAte haiN| isI prakAra 12 varSa taka baccoM meM kramazaH prathama varSa meM pUtanAgara, dvitIyavarSa meM rodanI devI, tRtIyavarSa meM dhannAdevI, caturthavarSa meM caMcalAdevI, paMcamavarSa meM nalanIdevI, SaSThamavarSa meM yAtanAdevI, saptamavarSa meM maMjanAdevI, aSThamavarSa meM vindhyavAsinIdevI, navamavarSa meM 168]

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kalahaMsadevI, dazamavarSa meM dUtIdevI, ekAdazavarSa meM bAnalIdevI, dvAdazavarSa meM bAtalAdevI kA prakopa honA batAyA hai| inake sAtha mAsa evaM varSa ke anusAra tat tat devI-devatA kI zAMti hetu caurAhoM para baliyoM kA vidhAna bhI batAyA hai| inameM jainasiddhAMtAnusAra mAMsa-madirA kA samAveza nahIM hai| isase yati ko grahacikitsA, strIroga, bAlarogoM kA gambhIra jJAna honA sUcita hotA hai / rAvaNokta nimna maMtra mAlA dhAraNa karane se aura pratidina japa karane se saba graha Tala jAte haiM, baccA svastha-sukhI rahatA hai - 'OM ciTa ciTa mila mila phajarU devyai nmH| rAvaNAya svAhA / ' baccoM ke lie auSadhi kI mAlA kA vidhAna diyA hai| baccoM ke lie 'puSTikArakayoga' diyA hai - vaMzalocana, dAlacInI, ilAyacI, satagiloya aura mizrI kA samabhAga kapar3achAna cUrNa caTAne se baccA svastha, aura hRSTapuSTa rahatA hai, rogoM se bacA rahatA hai| grantha meM kahIM-kahIM yazavaMta (jasavaMta) ko sambodhita kara viSaya ko batAne kA bhI ullekha hai| (dekheM, sthAvara viSa ke dasa guNa batAne kA prsNg)| viSa prakaraNa ke aMta meM nirviSa manuSya ke lakSaNa batAye haiM, jo mAdhavanidAna meM nahIM milate 'jisa vyakti ke saba doSa zAMta ho gae hoM, rasAdidhAtu svabhAvastha hoM, bhUkha-pyAsa ThIka lagate hoM, malamUtra kA utsarga ThIka se ho rahA ho, aMga apane kArya ThIka ThIka kareM, varNa nikhara gayA ho, mana svastha ho, aura usako kriyAeM (bolacAla, uThanA-baiThanA, sonA-jAganA Adi) sama hoM, bAtmA prasanna ho-use niviSa aura svastha smjhe| 25veM 'mizraka adhyAya meM zArIra-varNana ke bAda 'dharana-roga' urogaharoga, 'pArzvazUla' kA varNana bhI diyA hai| gaMgayati ne urogaharoga' kA nidAna-samprApti va lakSaNa 'harizcandra ke matAnusAra likhe haiN| isa prasaMga meM unhoMne apanI anubhUta cikitsA bhI batAyI hai-pahale nIle thothe ko dUdha meM gholakara pilaaveN| isase vamana hoNge| isase rogI ThIka ho jaavegaa| phira kvAtha prayoga diye hai| isake bAda pArzvazUla' kA nidAna aura usakI cikitsA dI hai| 'pArzvazUla' meM upayogI prayoga die haiN| zUlavAle sthAna se raktamokSaNa karAveM, sIMgI lgaaveN| eluA 1 mAzA mAtrA meM gomUtra meM garama karake piiveN| eluA aura bArahasiMgA donoM ko gomUtra meM ghisakara garama kara chAtI para lepa kreN| chAtI para aNDe kI jaradI mleN| Upara eraNDapatra baaNdhe| khAne ke lie bArahasIMge kI bhasma 2 rattI zahada aura adaraka ke rasa ke sAtha cttaaveN| ____ isa prakAra yaha nidAna viSayaka atyanta upayogI racanA hai| kucha sthaloM para yati 'gaMgArAma' dvArA diye hue anUbhUta prayoga bhI draSTavya haiN| grantha ke anta meM jIvana-mRtyu ke viSaya meM batAyA gayA hai| prANavAyu nAbhi se uThakara Upara nAsikAoM se bAhara nikalatA hai aura AkAza se amRta lekara phira hRdaya aura nAbhi-maNDala me praveza karatA hai| yahI 'jIvana' hai| zarIra, indriyAM, mana aura AtmA ke saMyoga ko jIvana kahate haiM / AtmA aura zarIra kA mela karma-bandhana ke anusAra (169)

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hotA hai / jaba taka karmayoga zeSa hotA hai, taba taka janma - mRtyu - krama calatA rahatA hai / sArA jagat nAzavAn hai / zAstra meM 101 mRtyueM kahI haiM / inameM se kevala eka kAla-mRtyu hai, zeSa saba nimittaja haiM / auSadhiyoM meM akAla mRtyu Tala sakatI hai, parantu kAla-mRtyu kI koI cikitsA nahIM hai rogoM ke tIna bheda haiM - doSaja, karmaja aura doSakarmaja / graMthAMta meM yati- paramparAnusAra vairAgya kA upadeza hai / saMsAra kI saba AdhivyAdhiyAM zarIra meM hI hotI haiN| roga, jarA, maraNa, zoka Adi zarIra ke hI sAtha haiM / 'zarIra haDDiyoM kA DhAMcA hai, mAMsa kI miTTI lagAkara camar3I kA paradA lagA diyA hai / isa paMca tatva ke dehare meM kevala AtmA jyotiHsvarUpa hai, jo isa dehare ko TikAe hue hai / jaba taka isameM cAha yA tRSNA rahatI hai, taba taka janma-maraNa kA cakra calatA hai / cAha miTane para AtmA nirlepa hokara isa baMdhana se mukta hokara paramAnanda ko prApta hotI hai / ' isa grantha para lAhora ke 'paMjAba saMskRta pustakAlaya' (motIlAla banArasIdAsa saMsthA) ke adhyakSa lAlA sundaralAla jaina aura bambaI saMskRta presa ke adhyakSa lAlA zAMtilAla jaina ke Agraha para, kavirAja narendranAtha zAstrI ne hindI meM 'taraGga bhASA bhASya' likhakara 1947 meM lAhora se hI prakAzita karAyA thA / isa bhASya meM mUla dohe - copAIyoM kA hindI rUpAntara karane ke sAtha navIna rogoM kA naidAnika vivaraNa bhI sammilita kara diyA gayA hai / isase isakI upayogitA bar3ha gayI hai / ( 2 ) lolimbarAja - bhASA - lolimbarAja kRta 'vaidyajIvana' eka kAvyamaya vaidyaka - laghu yaha zRMgArAtmaka zailI meM lolimbarAja isI grantha kA yati gaMgArAma ne hindI 1872 (1815 I.) hai | kRti hai / isakI sarvatra atyanta prasiddhi hai / ne apanI patnI ko saMbodhita kara likhA thA / padyAnuvAda kiyA thA / isakA racanAkAla saM. (3) sUrataprakAza - yati gaMgArAma ne apane guru sUratarAma ke nAma se isakA nAmakaraNa kiyA hai / isakA anya nAma 'bhAvadIpaka' hai / isakA racanAkAla saM. 1883 (1826 I hai| isameM vibhinna rogoM kI cikitsA ke lie auSadha yogoM kA ullekha hai| yaha hindI padyoM meM likhA huA hai / (4) bhAvanidAna - yaha bhI nidAna saMbaMdhI grantha hai / isakA racanAkAla saM. 1888 ( 1831 I.) diyA hai | ye antima tInoM grantha hastalikhita rUpa meM prApta hai / inakA ullekha 'nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA' meM prakAzita 'dI sarca phaoNra hindI mainyuskripTa ina di paMjAba' (1922-24 ) meM pR. 30 para huA hai / yaha hindI meM padyabaddha hai / jJAnasAra (1744-1842 I.) yaha bIkAnera ke rahane vAle the / inakA janma saM. 1801 ( 1744 I.) meM [170]

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bIkAnera rAjya ke antargata jAMgula ke pAsa jaimalevAsa gAMva meM huA thA / inake pitA kA nAma udayacada sAMDa aura mAtA kA nAma jIvaNade thA / inhoMne saM. 1812 meM bAraha varSa kI umra meM kharataragaccha jinalAbhasUri ke ziSya 'ratna rAjagaNi' ( rAyacaMdra ) ke pAsa dIkSA lI / yaha 'bar3a kharataragaccha' nAma se prasiddha hai / "bar3a kharatara jinalAbha ke ziSya ratnagaNirAja', jJAnasAra muni maMdamati, Agraha preraNa kAja || (kAmoddIpana, graMthAMta, padya 174 ) jina lAbhasUri ke gurU jinabhaktisUri the - "kharataragaccha' dinamaNi zrI jinabhakti sUrIsa', tAsa paTovara 'jainalAbhanA' zIza suzIza, 'ratna rAjagaNi' gaNimaNi, tAsa caraNa aravinda, sevaM 'jJAnasAra muni' kauno ati matimaMda | ( bAsaTha mArgaNA yaMtraracanA, 112) yaha bhaTTAraka muni the " kharatara bhaTTAraka' garcha, ratnarAja gaNi sIsa Agrahatai dodhaka racaM, 'gyAnasAra' mana hIMsa' (nihAlabAvanI, gUDhAbAvanI, 54 ) - "bhaTTAraka kharatara gacche, zrI jinalAbhasUrida, 'ratnarAjamuni' bhramara para seve pada makaraMda, jasu caraNa rajakaNa sabho, jJAnasAra buddhimaMda, (jinakuzalasUri aSTaprakArI pUjA padya 3-4 ) saM. 1849 se inakA vihAra bIkAnera, jaisalamera aura jayapura rAjyoM meM huA / 1852 taka cAra varSa inakA vihAra pUrabadeza meM huA / ye bahuta jJAnI, mastayogI aura kavi the / inakA bIkAnera ke rAjA sUratasiMha, jayapura nareza savAI mAdhavasiMha prathama (1751-1767) aura unake putra mahArAjA pratApasiMha (1778-1803 I.), jaisalamera ke rAvala gajasiMha aura pradhAna jorAvarasiMha para inakA acchA prabhAva thA / inako rAjya-sammAna prApta thA / inakI aneka kRtiyAM milatI haiM jo hindI - rAjasthAnI meM hai / jJAnasAra ko 'nAraNa bAbA' (nArAyaNa bAbA ) bhI kahate the / isa nAma se unhone kucha grantha bhI likhe haiM -- "nAraNa' dharI arU kapA pahura, rahe nahIM so sudhara nara' (pUrabadeza varNana, 133 ) 'hRdaya upajI rIjha, 'aTThAre aTThAvana, jeTha zukla tithi tIja, niramI kharatara nAraNa, (saMbodha aSTottarI, 108) inakA svargavAsa saM. 1899 (1842 I. meM huA thaa| inakI pAdukA saM. 1902 kI bIkAnera meM maujUda hai / sadAsukha, harasukha Adi inake aneka ziSya the / kAmavidyA para inakA 'kAmoddIpana grantha' milatA hai / yaha zRMgArapradhAna hai / yaha rAjasthAnI hindI meM hai / isakI racanA jayapura ke mahArAjA mAdhavasiMha ke putra [171]

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pratApasiMha ke lie kI gaI thii| racanAkAla saM. 1856 (1799 I.) vaizAkha zukla tIja diyA hai, aura racanAsthala jayapura nagara diyA hai| 'pratipoM zrI 'paratApa' hari, 'mAdhavesa' nRpanaMda' dhara jaMbU phuni meru gira, dhUtArI ravicaMda / / 172 // 'rasa6 sera5 aru gaja8 iMdul (1856) phuni, mAdhava mAsa udAra, zukala tIja titha tIja dina, jayapura nagara majhAra / / 17311' (graMthAMta) isa grantha kI racanA ke saMbaMdha meM kavi ne likhA hai - 'grantha karI SaTa rasa bharo, varanana 'madana' akhaMDa, jasu mAdhuri tAtai jagati, khaMDa khaMDa bhaI khaMDa / / / 75 / / sudharani jana mata rasa diye, rasa bhogavi sahakAra / 'madana udIpana' graMtha yaha, racyo rucyo zrIkAra / / 176 / / jaga karatA karatAra hai, yaha kavi vacana vilAsa, paiMyA mati ko khaMDa hai, hai hama tAke dAsa / / 177 / / kavi ne jayapura nareza mAdhavasiMha ke saMbaMdha meM 'mAdhavasiMhavarNana' (ra. kA. saM. 1899, bhAdra., vadi 11) aura pratApasiMha ke bAre meM AzIrvAdAtmaka guNavarNana paraka 'samudrabaddhacitra kavita' (saM. 1853 ke lagabhaga) racanAeM bhI kI thiiN| jJAnasAra kI kRtiyoM kA varNana 'jaina gurjara kavio' bhAga 3, khaMDa 1, pR. 260 se 274. tathA 'hindustAnI' varSa 1 aMka 2 meM prakAzita 'nAhaTA ke' lekha 'zrImada jJAnasAra aura unakA sAhitya' meM dekheN| lakSmIcanda jaina (1880 I.) yaha pacArI nagara (?) ke nivAsI the| inhoMne apanI guruparamparA ke viSaya meM kRti (lakSmIprakAza) ke anta meM nimna paMktiyoM meM paricaya diyA hai "zahara pacArI' zubha vaso jaini jana ko vAsa / tA bica maMdira jaina ko bhagavata ko nija dAsa / / nija sevaka haiM bhaktajana budha 'kuzAla aura caMda' / tA kula ko arumAna hai tAkai ziSya 'naNacaMda' // tAkai ziSya 'motIrAma hai tAka ziSya zrIlAla / tAka ziSya 'lakSmIcaMda' hai tAkai ziSya 'mahilAla' / / 1 dekheM merA lekha-'prAyurveda jagata ko rAjasthAna ke jaina vidvAnoM kI dena - paM. cainasukhadAsa smRti graMtha (jayapura, 1976), pR. 294-295 [172]

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pacArI zahara meM jainiyoM kA nivAsa thA / usameM jaina maMdira meM lakSmIcanda kA nivAsa thA / . isakI guruparamparA isa prakAra batAyI gayI hai kuzAlacaMda nainacaMda 1 motIrAma zrIlAla | lakSmIcaMda mahilAla isake atirikta lakSmIcaMda ke viSaya meM koI jAnakArI nahIM milatI / inakA eka vaidyaka-grantha milatA hai - 'lakSmIprakAza' / isameM rogoM kA nidAna, pUrva lakSaNa aura lakSaNa likhakara svAnubhUta auSadhayoga diye haiM / grantha-racanA meM aneka graMthoM, khAsakara mAdhavanidAna, bhAvaprakAza, yogaciMtAmaNi, caraka, vAgbhaTa, zArGgadharasaMhitA Adi se sahAyatA lI gaI hai "lakSmIprakAzaja' graMtha hai pUrva grantha kI sAkha / 'mAdhavagrantha' nidAna kRta 'bhAvaprakAza' kI sAkha // 'yogaciMtAmaNi' upAya kari caraka vAgabhaTa jAna / 'zAraMgadhara' ityAdi saba ehI upAya baMkhAna // ' (graMthAMta meM ) yaha grantha hindI piMgala meM- dohA, savaiyA, caupaI, chappaya, soraThA chaMdoM meM likhA hai / - granthakAra ke anusAra isameM kula chaMdasaMkhyA 1720 batAyI gayI hai-- 'dohA savaiyA caupaI chappaya soraThA jAna / eka sahastra aru sAtase Upari bIsa baMkhANa || ' ( granthAMta meM ) kavi ne graMtha kA racanAkAla zaka saMvat 1802 aura vikramI saMvat 1937 (1880 I.) vaizAkha kRSNa 11 budhavAra diyA hai / yaha grantha siMha lagna meM pUrA huA thA - 'sAko aThArA meM kahyI upari doya badhAya / tA dina meM vo graMtha hai iha vidhi kahI jitAya // saMvat ugaNIse adhika varSa Upara saiMtIsa / vadi vaizAkha ekAdazI budha dina pragaTIsa || siMgha lagna meM pUrNa hai 'lakSmIgrathaprakAza' / alpa buddhi kari kIjiye graMtha caraNa ko bhAva // ' granthArambha meM jina, zAradA, paMcaparameSThi, dhanvantari aura vAgbhaTa ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai / (173)

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isakI saMvat 1945 kI hasta-prati vidyamAna hai / 1 zrIpAlacaMdra (19vIM zatI) yaha kharataragacchoya vivekalabdhi ke ziSya the| inakA dIkSA kA nAma zIlasaubhAgya thaa| aneka viSayoM meM inakI gati hai| Ayurveda ke bhI ye acche jJAtA the| inakA likhA huA 'jaina sampradAya zikSA' grantha hai| yaha bahuta vistRta racanA hai| jisakA prakAzana nirNayasAgara presa bambaI se huA hai| isameM vyAkaraNa, nIti, dharma ke sAtha vaidyakazAstra, rogaparIkSA, sAmAnya jyotiSa, svarodaya, zakuna vicAra Adi viSaya bhI haiN| __ inakI saM. 1967 (1910 I.) meM mRtyu huI thii| rAmalAla mahopAdhyAya (20vIM zatI) yaha bIkAnera ke nivAsI aura 'dharmazIla' ke ziSya the| yaha jaina kharataragacca ke . jinadattasUri zAkhA ke anuyAyI the| inakA eka vaidyakanatha 'rAmanidAnam' yA 'rAma RddhisAra' nAma se saMskRta meM padyabaddha milatA hai / rAmanidAnam (rAmaRddhisAra)-isa grantha meM saMkSepa meM saba rogoM ke nidAna batAe gae haiN| isameM kula 712 zloka haiM / graMtha ke prAraMbha meM jinendra (mahAvIra) se zreya kI kAmanA kI gaI hai| isake bAda 'jinadattasUri, kuzalasUri, guru dharmazIla aura sarasvatI devI' ko namaskAra kiyA hai / graMthAraMbha meM likhA hai-'atha rAmanidAnaM likhyate / zriyaM sa dadyAt bhavatAM 'jinendra yadAptastasyAdvAdasudhAsamudra / yena nirdiSTabhavA rujApahRta, siddhauSadhaM pathyanimittakAraNam / / 1 / / 'zrIjinadattasUrIzaM' sUriM kuzalasaMjJakam / sadguru 'dharmazIla' ca vAgdevIM praNamAmyaham / / 2 / / nidAnaM sarvarogANAM AcakSe'haM samAsataH / bAlAnAM sukhabodhAya 'nidAnaM rAmasaMjJakam / / 3 / / Atreya nijaputrAya nAbheya jinapugavam / zikSitamAyurjJAnArtha 'tatsAraM' atra saMgraham / / 4 / / ' AtreyakRta naitAnika vivecana sAra isameM diyA jA rahA hai -- aisI graMthakAra kI ukti hai / graMtha kI apUrNa hastaprati prApta hai| (rA. prA. vi. pra. jodhapura, 5569) 1 muni kAMtisAgara, Ayurveda kA ajJAta sAhitya, udayAbhinaMdanagrantha, 1968 [1745

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RddhisAra yA rAmaRddhisAra (rAmalAla) 20vIM zatI yaha kharataragacchIya kSemakIrti zAkhA ke kuzala nidhAna ke ziSya the| ye bahuta acche cikitsaka the| inake dvArA likhe hue kaI graMtha haiN| saba natha unhoMne svayaM prakAzita kie the| 'dAdAjI kI pUjA' (saM. 1953, bIkAnera) inakI atyanta prasiddha racanA hai| yaha bIkAnera ke nivAsI the| inake adhikAMza graMtha saM. 1930 se 67 ke madhya ke haiN| ___ inakA likhA huA 'vaidyadIpaka' nAmaka vaidyakanatha hai / yaha mudrita hai| santAnaciMtAmaNi, guNavilAsa, svapnasAmudrikazAstra, zakunazAstra bhI viSaya se saMbaMdhita graMtha haiM / muni kAMtisAgara yaha kharataragacchIya jinakItiratnasUrizAkhA ke jina kRpAcaMdasUri ke ziSya u. sukhasAgara ke ziSya the| ApakA hindI, rAjasthAnI sAhitya para acchA adhikAra thA / isake atirikta itihAsa, purAtatva, kalA aura Ayurveda tathA jyotiSa kA bhI acchA jJAna thaa| yaha acche cikitsaka va rasAyanajJa the| 'khaNDaharoM kA vaibhava', 'khoja kI paga__ DaMDiyAM, jaina dhAtu pratimA lekha, zramaNasaMskRti aura kalA, saIkI-eka adhyayana, Adi kA uccakoTi ke zodhapUrNa graMtha haiN| 'ekaliMgajI kA itihAsa' aprakAzita hai| ......... Ayurveda sAhityapara bhI Apane kucha lekha likhe haiM-'Ayurveda kA ajJAta sAhitya' (mizrImala abhinaMdanagraMtha, pR. 300-317) aadi| . [175]

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adhyAya-5 dakSiNa bhArata ke jaina Ayurveda-graMthakAra dakSiNa bhArata kI karNATaka prAMta kI kannar3a, madrAsa prAMta kI tamila, kerala prAMta kI malayAlama aura Andhra pradeza kI telagu bhASAeM mukhya haiN| uttarI aura dakSiNI bhArata ke madhyavartI setu ke rUpa meM pazcimI bhArata ke mahArASTra prAMta kI marAThI bhASA kA svataMtra astitva hai jo saMskRta aura prAcIna zaurasenI prAkRta se prabhAvita hai| 'kannar3a bhASA' meM chaThI zatI se pahale kA kAI zilAlekha nahIM milatA / rASTrakUTa nareza napatuMga amoghavarSa prathama (I. 817 se 877) ke dvArA viracita 'kavirAjamArga' nAmaka kannar3a bhASA kA prAcInatama graMtha hai| isameM kannar3a kaviyoM kA varNana hai, isase 9vIM zatI se pUrva meM kannar3a sAhitya ke astitva kA patA calatA hai| Age kannar3a bhASA kI bhaugolika sImA isa prakAra batAyI gayI hai- "kannar3a pradeza kAverI se godAvarI taka phailA hai|" mahArASTro bhASA isake uttara aura pazcima meM phailI thii| kannar3a bhASA meM jaina vidvAnoM ke vaidyaka para aneka graMtha milate haiN| inameM se kucha prasiddha aura prakAzita bhI haiN| tamila, telagu, malayAlaya aura marAThI meM jainavidvAnoM ke vaidyaka-natha kA nagaNya haiM / / kannaDa ke jaina Ayurveda-graMthakAra mArasiMha (961-974) yaha karNATaka kA gaMgavaMzIya rAjA thaa| isane 961-964 I. taka rAjya kiyaa| yaha bahuta pratApI, pratibhAsaMpanna aura samRddhivAn rAjA thaa| jaina dharma ke utthAna meM usane paryApta yogadAna diyA thaa| usane jIvana ke paravartI kAla meM rAjya tyAga kara baMkApura meM ajitasena bhaTTAraka ke samIpa sallekhanA dhAraNa kI thii| kuDulUra ke dAnapatra meM mArasiMha ko vyAkaraNa, tarka, darzana aura sAhitya kA vidvAn hone ke sAtha 'azvavidyA' aura 'gajavidyA' meM bhI nipuNa batAyA gayA hai / parantu usakA azva yA gaja cikitsA para koI vaidyakagraMtha prApta nahIM hotA / 1 kailAzacandra zAstrI, dakSiNa bhArata meM jaina dharma, pR. 83 3 maisUra praoNkiyolojikala sarve riporTa, 1921, pR. 22-23 [176]]

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kIrtivarmA (1125 I0) yaha karNATaka kA cAlukya rAjA thaa| yaha jaina dharmAnuyAyI thA / isane 1125 I. meM kannADa bhASA meM 'govaidya (ka)' graMtha likhA hai / yaha graMtha karnATakI bhASA (kannaDI) meM hai| kannar3a meM Ayurveda saMbaMdhI graMtha likhane vAloM meM isakA nAma sarvaprathama hai / kIrtivarmA ke pitA kA nAma rAjA trailokyamalla, agraja kA nAma rAjA vikramAMka aura guru kA nAma devacandra muni thA / ye cAlukya vaMzI the / trailokyamalla kA zAsanakAla I. 1042 se 1068 aura inake bar3e bhAI kA zAsana kAla I. 1076 se 1126 taka rahA / ata: kIrtivarmA kA kAla 1125 I. pramANita hotA hai| kahA jAtA hai ki trailokyamalla kI ketalI devI nAmaka eka rAnI jaina matAnuyAyI thI. jisane kucha jaina maMdira bhI banavAye the / kIrtivarmA saMbhavatayA isI kA putra thaa| kIrti varmA ne apane lie kavi kIrti cadra, kandarpamUrti, samyaktaratnAkara, budha bhavyabAndhava, vaidyaratna, kavitAbdhicandram, kIrti vilAsa Adi vizeSaNa prayukta kiye haiN| ahiMsAvAdI jainadharma meM prANimAtra para dayA kI bhAvanA se manuSyetara vaidyaka para bhI graMtha racanA huI thii| isameM govaidyaka kA pramukha sthAna hai| yaha pratha aprakAzita hai / isameM govyAdhiyoM kI nidAna sahita auSadha, matra Adi dvArA vistAra se cikitsA kA pratipAdana hai| somanAtha kavi (1140 I.) __yaha jaina dharmAnuyAyI aura jagaddala kA sAmanta thaa| vicitra kavi' usakI upAdhi thI / yaha karNATaka kA nivAsI thA / isane 1140 I. ke lagabhaga pUjyapAdakRta saMskRta ke 'kalyANa kAraka' kA kAnaDI bhASA meM anuvAda kiyA thaa| somanAthakRta yaha graMtha 'karNATaka kalyANakAraka' kahalAtA hai| isakI karNATaka meM Aja bhI bahuta prasiddhi hai| isameM pIThikAprakaraNa, paribhASAprakaraNa, SoDazajvara-cikitsA-nirUpaNa-prakaraNa Adi aSTAMga Ayurveda cikitsA dI gaI hai / pUjyapAda ne apane graMtha meM madya, mAMsa aura madhu kA prayoga sarvathA niSiddha batAyA hai, somanAtha ne kannaDI kalyANakAraka meM likhA hai-'sukaraM tAnene pUjyapAdamunigala mupelad kalyANakArakama 'vAhaTasiddhasAracarakAdyutkRSTamaM' madguNAdhikaM vajitamadyamAMsamadhuvaM karNATAdilokaraM kSayamA citramadAge citrakavi somaM peladagni talitoyaM / ' __ svayaM somanAtha ne likhA hai ki usake isa graMtha kA saMzodhana samanobANa aura abhayacaMdra siddhAti ne kiyA hai| graMyArambha meM mAdhavacaMdra kI stuti hai, jisakA ullekha zravaNabelagollA ke 1125 I. ke zilAlekha naM 384 meM huA hai| ataH somanAtha kA kAla 1140 I. ke lagabhaga nirdhArita kiyA jAtA hai| 1 kalyANakAraka, prastAvanA, pR. 40 para uddhata [1778

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graMthArambha meM tIrthaMkara caMdraprabha aura sarasvatI kI stuti ke sAtha mAdhavacaMdra siddhAMta cakravartI, abhayacaMdra aura kanakacaMdra paNDitadeva kI stuti kI gaI hai / mAdhavacaMdra trilokasAra ke TIkAkAra aura abhayacaMdra gommaTasAra kI naMdaprabodhikATIkA ke kartA the / kIrtivarmA (1125 I.) ke 'govaidya' ko chor3akara somanAthakRta kannar3a kalyANakAraka hI sarvAdhika prAcIna hai / yaha grantha prAcya saMzodhanAlaya, mAnasa gaMgotrI, maisUra se prakAzita ho cukA hai / amRtanaMdi ( 13vIM zatI) yaha dakSiNa ke digambara AcArya the / inhoMne jaina dRSTi se vanaspati-nAmoM ke pAribhASika arthoM ko batAne ke lie 'nighaNTu - koSa' kI racanA kI thI / yaha koSa atyanta vistRta hai | isameM 22000 zabda haiM / 1 yaha prAraMbha se sakAra ( sa. sA. ) taka hI prApta hai, zeSa bhAga saMbhavata: graMthakAra dvArA pUrNa nahIM kiyA jA sakA ho / isameM vanaspatiyoM ke nAma jaina paribhASAoM ke anusAra sUcita kiye gaye haiM / jaise-- munikharjUrikA- - rAjakhajUra abhavyaH ahiMsA anaMta - haMsapAdi - vRzcikAli --suvarNa - pAThe kI latA vardhamAnA vardhamAnaH vItarAgaH RSabha RSabhA -Amalaka yaha koza atyaMta mahatvapUrNa hai / varddhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI ko isakI hastaprati baiMgalora meM vaidya paM. yallappA ke pAsa dekhane ko milI thii| 2 1 kalyANakAraka, prastAvanA, 36-37 2 janasAhitya kA vR. iti. bhAga amRtanandI kannar3a prAMta ke nivAsI the / inakA kannar3a meM 'alaMkArasaMgraha' yA 'alaMkArasAra' nAmaka grantha bhI milatA hai / isakI racanA mantra rAjA ke Agraha se isa saMgrahAtmaka graMtha ke rUpa meM kI gaI thI / kavi ne manva kA paricaya diyA hai 'uddAmaphaladAM gurvImudadhimekhalam / 'bhaktibhUmipatiH zAsti jinapAdAbjaSaTpadaH / / 3 / / * tasya putrasyAgamahAsamudra birudAMkita: / somasUryakulottaMsamahito 'manvabhUpatiH' ||4|| sa kadAcit sabhAmadhye kAvyAlApakathAntare / apRcchadamRtAnandamAdareNa kavIzvaram ||5|| saMcityaikatra kathaya saukaryAya satAmiti / yA tatprArthitenetthamamRtAnandayoginA || - madhura mAtuluraMga - zvetairaNDa: -AmraH g. 231, 117 [178] - OM

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manvabhUpati kA kAla 1299 I. ( saMvat 1355 ) ke lagabhaga mAnA jAtA hai / ata: amRtanaMdi kA kAla 13vIM zatI pramANita hotA hai / maMgarAja yA maMgarasa prathama ( 1360 I.) 'vijayanagara' ke hindU sAmrAjya ke AraMbhikakAla meM 'rAjA harihararAya' ke samaya meM 'maMgarAja prathama' nAmaka kAnaDI jaina kavi ne vi. saM. 1416 (1360 I.) meM 'khagendramaNidarpaNa' nAmaka vaidyakagraMtha kI racanA kI thI / yaha kAnaDI (karnATaka bhASA) meM bahuta vistRta grantha hai | yaha viSacikitsA saMbaMdhI uttama graMtha 1 isameM sthAvaraviSoM kI kriyA aura unakI cikitsA kA varNana hai / grantha meM lekhaka ne apane ko 'pUjyapAda' kA ziSya batAyA hai, aura likhA hai - sthAvaraviSoM saMbaMdhI yaha sAmagrI usane 'pUjyapAdIya' grantha se saMgRhIta kI hai / maMgarAja kA hI nAma 'maMgarasa' thA / isane apane ko hoyasala rAjya ke antargata mugulipura kA rAjA aura pUjyapAda kA ziSya batAyA hai / isakI patnI kA nAma kAmalatA thA aura isakI tIna saMtAneM thIM / yaha kannar3a sAhitya ke campUyuga kA mahatvapUrNa kavi thA / isane vijayanagara ke rAjA harihara kI prazaMsA kI hai, ataH maMgarAja usakA samakAlIna thA / isakI 'sulalita - kavi - pikavasaMta', vibhuvaMzalalAma' Adi aneka upAdhiyAM thI / maMgarAja ne likhA hai ki janatA ke nivedana para usane sarvajanopayogI isa vaidyakagraMtha kI racanA kI hai / isameM auSadhiyoM ke sAtha maMtra-taMtra bhI diye haiM / graMthakAra likhatA hai - 'oSadhiyoM se Arogya, Arogya se deha, deha se jJAna, jJAna se mokSa prApta hotA hai / ata: maiM auSadhizAstra kA varNana karatA hUM / isa grantha meM sthAvara aura jaMgama dono prakAra ke viSoM kI cikitsA batAyI gayI hai / yaha grantha zAstrIya zailI meM likhA gayA hai ata: isameM kAvyacamatkAra bhI vidyamAna hai / isakI zailI lalita aura sundara hai / isakA prakAzana madrAsa vizvavidyAlaya, madrAsa se ho cukA hai / zrIradeva ( 1500 I.) yaha digambara jaina paNDita thA / inakA 'jagadeka mahAmaMtratrAdi' vizeSaNa milatA hai / yaha vijayanagara rAjya kA nivAsI thA / - isane racanA kI hai / isameM 24 adhikAra haiM / yaha kannaDI bhASA meM hai / 1500 I meM 'vaidyAmRta' kI bAcarasa (1500 I.) yaha digambara jaina vidvAn thA / yaha vijayanagara ke hindU rAjya kA nivAsI thA / isane 1500 I. meM 'azvavaidya' kI racanA kI thii| isameM aztroM (ghoDoM) kI cikitsA kA varNana hai / yaha kAnaDI bhASA meM hai / [( 179 1

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padmarasa (1527 I.) maisUra nareza cAmarAja ke Adeza se 'padmaNNa paMDita' yA 'padmarasa' ne 1527 I. meM 'hayasArasamuccaya' nAmaka grantha ko racanA kI thii| isameM ghoDoM kI cikitsA kA varNana hai| padmarasa bhaTTAkalaMka kA ziSya thaa| yaha digambara jaina thA / padmarasa jainazAstroM kA uccakoTi kA vidvAn thaa| maMgarAja yA maMgarasa (dvitIya) isakA racita 'maMgarAjanighaNTu' grantha hai| yaha aprakAzita hai / maMgarAja yA maMgarasa (tRtIya) kannar3a sAhitya meM vibhinna kAloM meM hone vAle tIna maMgarasa mAne jAte haiM(1) maMgarasa prathama-'khagendramaNidarpaNa' kA kartA (2) maMgarasa dvitIya-'maMgarAjanighaNTu' kA kartA (3) maMgarasa tRtIya-'sUpazAstra' Adi granthoM kA kartA / / maMgarasa tRtIya kA kAla 16vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha mAnA jAtA hai| yaha kSatriya thaa| isakA pitA ceMgAlva sacivakulodbhava kallahallikA vijayabhUpAla thA jo vIramogha bhI thaa| mAtA kA nAma devile aura guru kA nAma cikkaprabhendu diyA hai| isakI prabhurAja, prabhukula aura ratnadIpa-upAdhiyAM thiiN| sUpazAstra ke alAvA isake jalanRpakAvya, nemijinezasaMgati, zrIpAlacarite, prabhaMjanacarite aura samyaktvakaumudI grantha haiN| 'sUpazAstra' pAkazAstra saMbaMdhI grantha hai| yaha kannar3a bhASA meM 'vArdhaka SaTpadi' nAmaka chaMda meM 356 padyoM meM pUrNa huA hai| yaha piSTapAka, pAnaka, kalamannapAka, zAkapAka Adi pAkazAstra ke saMskRta granthoM ke AdhAra para likhA gayA hai| isa grantha meM ina graMthoM kA ullekha hai| maMgarasa ke anusAra pAkazAstra striyoM ke lie atyanta priya aura upayogI hai / rasanendriyatuSTi se hI laukika aura paralaukika sukha milatA hai / ___maMgarasa kA sUpazAstra graMtha prAcya saMzodhanAlaya, mAnasagaMgotrI, maisUra se prakAzita ho cukA hai| sAlva (16vIM zatI, uttarArdha) yaha bahumukhI pratibhAsampanna jaina kannar3a kavi thaa| isake pitA kA nAma dharmacaMdra 1 ja. sA. vR. iti., bhAga 7, (1981) pR. 87 [180]

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aura guru kA nAma zrutakIrti thaa| isakA kAla 16vIM zatI kA madhya yA uttarArdha mAnA jAtA hai| isake kannar3a bhASA meM racita aneka grantha haiM -- bhArata, zAradAvilAsa, rasaratnAkara, baidyasAMgatya / bhArata kI racanA kavi ne apane AzrayadAtA rAjA sAlvamalla yA sAlvadeva kI preraNA se 'bhAminI SaTpadi' chaMda meM kI thii| isa grantha kA anya nAma 'nemIzvaracarite' bhI hai| yaha dhAmika kathAnatha hai| zAradAvilAsa meM dhvanisiddhAMta kA padana hai| rasaratnAkara meM alaMkArazAstra kA nirUpaNa hai aura naurasoM kA vistAra se varNana hai| 'vaidya sAMgatya' eka uttama vaidyaka grantha hai| 'sAMgatya' kannar3a kAvya ke chaMdavizeSa kA nAma hai| pariziSTa-1 ajJAtakartRka racanAeM 1. nADovicAra ajJAtakartRka 'nADIvicAra' nAmaka kRti 78 padyoM meM hai| pATana ke jJAnabhaMDAra meM isakI prati vidyamAna hai| isakA prAraMbha 'natvA vIraM' se hotA hai, ataH yaha jainAcArya kI kRti mAlUma par3atI hai| saMbhavataH yaha 'nADIvijJAna' se abhinna hai| 2. lAr3Icakra tathA nAr3IsaMcArajJAna ina donoM prathoM ke kartAoM kA koI ullekha nahIM hai| dUsarI kRti kA ullekha 'vRhaTTippaNikA' meM hai, isalie yaha grantha pAMca sau varSa purAnA avazya hai / ' 3. nAr3onirNaya___ajJAtakartRka 'nAr3InirNaya' nAmakagrantha kI 5 patroM kI hastalikhita prati milatI hai| vi. saM. 1812 meM kharataragacchIya paM. mAnazekhara muni ne isa grantha kI pratilipi kI hai| anta meM 'nAr3InirNaya' aisA nAma diyA hai| samagra graMtha padyAtmaka hai| 41 padyoM meM graMtha pUrNa huA hai| isameM mUtra parIkSA, tailabindu kI doSaparIkSA, netraparIkSA, mukhaparIkSA, jihvAparIkSA, rogoM kI saMkhyA, jvara ke prakAra Adi se saMbaMdhita vivecana 1-8 jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa, bhAga 5, pR. 232 [181]

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A 180 va 11 ___42 jaina Ayurveda-granthakAraevaM vyakti-anukramaNikA - pRsstth| 2 rAmaRddhisAra 175 1 ananta devasUri 105/ 1 dhanaJjaya 3 rAmacaMdra............ 141 2 amRtanaMdi 178 2 dharmavardhana (dharmasI)1334 rAmalAla mahopAdhyAya 174. 175 1 nagarAja 1 AzAdhara ___ . 2451-5 rAmavijaya upAdhyAya 2 nayanasukha 109 159 3 nayana zekhara 53 1 ugrAdityAcArya 129 4 narbu (ma ;da nArya 110/ 1 lakSmI kuzala 121 5 nAgadeva 1 karmacaMdra 2 lakSmIcaMda 105 151 164 6 nAgArjuna (saddha) 73 3 lakSmIcaMda jaina 172 175 2 kAMtisAgara 4 lakSmIvallabha 134 3 kIrtivarmA 177 1 padma sa 1 vinayamerugaNi 140 2 pAtra kesarI 1 gaMgArAmayati 64 pAtrasvAmI 2 vizrAma kavi 160 2 guNa vilAsa 151| 3 pAdaliptasUra 72 3 guNAkara 107 1 zrIkaNThasUri 94| 4 pUjyapAda 2 zrIdhara deva 107 180 4 gommaTadeva zrInandi 54 6 pItAMbara 145 1 campaka 174 ba 4 zrIpAlacaMdra 2 cArucandrasUri 1 bAcarasa 1 samantabhadra rudrapallIya 107 1 mathena rAkhecA 128 2 samaratha 149 3 cainarUpa 159 162 2 malUkacaMda 3 sAlva 181 4 cainasukhayati 158 3 mahimasamudra 130 4 siddhasena 52 4 mahendra jaina 89 5 siMha 104 | jayaratnagaNi 119 5 maMgarAja yA maMgarasa / 6 siMhanAda (siMhasena)52 2 jinadAsa 90 (prathama 179 7 sumatidhIra 163 3 (paM.) jinadAsa 108 6 maMgarAja yA maMgarasa 8 somanAthakavi . 177 4 jinadeva 105/ (dvitIya) 180 5 jinasamudrasUri 130 7 maMgarAja yA maMgarasa 1 haripAla 103 6 jogIdAsa mathena tRtIya) 180 2 harSa kItisUri 112 ( dAsakavi) 147 8 mANikyacaMdra 106 3 hastirucigaNi 125 9 mArasiMha 4 haMsadeva 98 1 Thakkura jinadeva 105 10 meghanAda 5 haMsarAja muni 123 11 meghamuni 156 6 haMsarAja-pippalaka 164 1 dazaratha muni 12 merutuga 104 7 hemanidhAna 129 2 dAsakavi 147 8 hemacaMdrasUri 92 3 durgadeva | 1 yaza:kIrtimuni 102 4 durlabharAja 1 jJAnameru 5 dIpakacaMda vAcaka 151 1 raghupati 159, 2 jJAnasAra 170 38 176 52 52 88 jJa 91 145

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jaina zrAyurveda - graMtha - anukramaNikA a 1 agadataMtra 2 anuganamaMjarI 3 anekArthanAmamAlA 4 anekArthanighaMTu 5 anekArthasaMgraha 6 abhicitAmaNi ratnamAlA 7 amarasubodhinI - bhASATIkA 10 azvavaidya pRSTha 52 161 ka 8 aSTAMgasaMgraha 9 aSTAMgahRdayodyotinI 93 128 40 87 87 10 kAmoddIpana - graMtha 9311 kAyacikitsA 3 Azcarya ratnamAlAvivRti ai 1 RddhisAra o 1 auSadhayogagraMtha 97 180 79 94 175 51 1 kalyANakAraka (saMskRta) pUjyapAdakRta 48 2 kalyANakAraka (kAnar3I) pUjyapAdakRta 49 3 kalyANakAraka ( ugrAdityakRta) 53 139 140 7 kakSapuTa 8 kaMkAlaya rasAdhyAyaTIkA 104 9 kAlajJAna - bhASA 136 17 1 a | Ayurveda sAra saMgraha 146 1 carakasaMhitAvyAkhyA 90 2 AzcaryayogaratnamAlA ja 4 kavivinoda 5 kavipramoda 6 karNATakakalyANakAraka 12 kokasara caupaI (cAtuSpadI : ga kha | khagendramaNidarpaNa 179 ca pRSTha 87 1 gajaprabaMdha 91 2 guNaratna prakAzikA 151 3 govaidyaka 177 Da 52 1 DaMbhakriyA 110 1 jagatsundarIprayoga maNimAlA 102 2 jaina saMpradAya zikSA 174 3 jvaraparAjaya 102 sa 1 suraMga prabaMdha da dha 133 81 1 dezozabdasaMgraha 2 dravyaguNaratnamAlikA89 3 dravyAvali 94 89 1 dhanaJjayanAmamAlA 87 2 dhanvantarinighaMTu 89 na 177 1 nADIparIkSA 49,144 pRSTha 2 nADI vicAra 182 3 nADIcakra 182 4 nADI nirNaya 182 5 nADIsaMcArajJAna 182 6 nAgArjunakalpa 79 7 nidAnamuktAvalI 49 9, 94 8 nighaNTuzeSa 9 nighaNTukoSa 178 10 104 11 50 nibaMdha netra prakAzikA ya 1 pathyalaMghana nirNaya 152 2 pathyApathya- stabaka 159 3 puSpA urveda 41 4 pUjyapAdIya 46 ba 1. bAlataMtra bhASAvacanikA 2 bAlavaidya 155 52 bha 1 bhAvanidAna 2 bhiSakcakracittotsava 3 bhUtavidyA ma 170 123 52 1 madanakAmaratna 50 2 madanaparAjaya 106 3 madasnuhI rasAyanam 51 4 maMgarAja nighaNTu 180 5 mAdhavanidAna - stabaka 145 6 mAdhavanidAna - jvarAdhikAra - TIkA 7 mAnaparimANa 164 144

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hA 51 94 8 mUtraparIkSA 137] 9 rAmanidAnan 17 vaidyavallabha 127 9 matralakSaNa 164 (rAmaRddhisAra) 174|18 vaidyahalAsa 162 10 mRgapakSizAstra 98|10 rAmavinoda-1421 119 vaidyavinoda 142 11 merutaMtra (merudaMDataMtra) |11 riSTasamuccaya 88120 TakamA | 20 vaidyakasAra 148. "43/12-rudantyAdikalpa 51 | 21 vyAdhinigraha 162 12 meghamAlA 156 13 meghavinoda 157| 1 lakSmIprakAza 173| 1 lokI-stabaka159 2 laMghanapathyanirNaya 152 2 zalyataMtra 1 yatinidAna 165/ 3 lolimbarAja-bhASA 3 zAlAkyataMtra 49 2 yogaciMtAmaNi 115 - 170 sa 3 yogaratnamAlA 79 1 satazlokIbhASATIkA 4 yogaratnamAlAvivRti 1 vAjIkaraNataMtra 52 (sta baka) 159 2 vaMdhyAkalpacauraI 128 2 sannipAtakalikA5 yogaratnAkara 1291 3 vidvanmukhamaMDanasAra- __ stabaka 129, 159 6 yogazataka (vararuci- saMgraha 141 3 samAdhizatakam 50 ___ kRta)-TIkA 107| 4 viSApahArastotra 87/ 4 sAmudrikatilaka 91 7 yogazataka 860 5 vaidyadIpaka 175/5 sAmudrika bhASA 144 8 yogasAra 103 6 vaidyajIvanastabaka 163 6 sAmudrikazAstra 7 vaidyakaciMtAmaNi 132 bhASAbaddha 145 1 ratnAkaroSadha 8. vaidyakagraMtha 151 7 siddhAMtibhASyam 50 (gadyoSadha)yogagraMtha 50/ 9 vaidyajIvanaTabA 159 8 siddhAMtarasAyanakalpa40 2 rasaratnAkara 51| 10 vaidyakagrantha 51,156) 9 sUrataprakAza 170 3 rasacitAmaNi 105| 11 vaidyAmRta 49,180 | | 10 sUpazAstra 180 4 rasAyanataMtra 52/ 12 vaidyasAMgatya 181 | 5 rasamaMjarI-bhASATIkA | 13 vaidyakazAstra 103| 1 hayasArasamuccaya 180 150 14 vaidyakasArasaMgraha 107 2 hitopadeza 107 6 rasavaizeSikasUtram 83|15 vaidyamanotsaba 109 7 rasAdhyAya 9916 vaidyakasAraratnaprakAza 8 rasAvatAra 106 1221

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lekhaka kI anya prakAzita kRtiyAM abhinava strIroga-vijJAna abhinava mAnasaroga-vijJAna arvAcIna mAnasika roga-vijJAna rogoM kI sarala cikitsA saMkSipta roga nidAna - cikitsA rANakapura kA itihAsa presa meM jaina Agama sAhitya meM prAyurveda rAjasthAna kI Ayurveda ko dena kAya-cikitsA (rasAyana-vAjIkaraNa-paMcakarma khaNDa)