History of Canonical Literature of Jainas

Author(s): Hiralal R Kapadia, Nagin J Shah
Publisher: Prakrit Text Society Ahmedabad

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THE CANONICAL LITERATURE OF THE JAINAS biographies of the Tirathankaras, the Kulakaras1 (patriarchs2), the Gaṇadharas and several other persons who attained liberation or were born in the Anuttara vimānas during the period that began with the life of Lord Rṣabha and ended with the birth of Jitaśatru, father of Lord Ajita. In short, Anuöga is dharmakathānuyoga which consists of kathās having mostly for their central figures, persons who attained liberation or who were about to attain liberation in the next birth or so. Relying on this view, one may try to explain as under the difference in the orders of the 3rd and 4th sections of Diṭṭhivaya :
A student of Jainism knows it full well that there are four anuyogas3 viz. (1) dharmakathānuyoga, (2) gaṇitānuyoga, (3) dravyānuyoga and (4) caraṇakaraṇānuyoga permeating the entire
1 For the lives of 7 Kulakaras the reader should refer to Samavāya (s. 157), Paümacariya (III, 50-58) and Triṣaști (1, 2, 137-206).
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2 This is, of course, a rough rendering.
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Cf. the following lines occurring in Silanka Suri's com. (p. 1b) on Äyāra : “अतः प्रारभ्यतेऽर्हद्वचनानुयोगः, स च चतुर्धा, तद् यथा - धर्मकथानुयोगो गणितानुयोगो द्रव्यानुयोगश्चरणकरणानुयोगश्चेति, तत्र धर्मकथानुयोग उत्तराध्ययनादिकः, गणितानुयोगः सूर्यप्रज्ञप्त्यादिकः द्रव्यानुयोगः पूर्व्वाणिं सम्मत्यादिकश्च चरणकरणानुयोगश्च आचारादिकः, स च प्रधानतमः, शेषाणां तदर्थत्वात् "
For further references and some details about 4 anuyogas, see Maladhārin Hemacandra Suri's com. (pp. 931-932) on Visesāvassayabhāsa (v. 2295), Santicandra Upadhyāya's Prameyaratnamañjūṣā, a com. (pp. 2a-2b) on Jambuddivapanṇatti, etc.
4 Avassayanijjutti (v. 227), Avassayabhāsa (v. 774) and Visesavassayabhāsa (v. 2288) bear testimony. All these three verses are identical, and the first of them is reproduced in the latter two works ad verbatim as under : "देविंदवंदिएहिं महाणुभावेहिं रक्खियज्जेहिं । जुगमासज्ज विभत्तो अणुओगो तो कओ चउहा ॥ २२७ ॥ The following verses of the Avassayanijjutti may be also consulted : " जावंति अज्जवइरा अपुहुत्तं कालियाणुओगस्स । तेणारेण पुहुत्तं कालियसुयं दिट्टिवाए य ॥ २२५ ॥ अपुहुत्ते अणुओगो चत्तारि दुवार भासइ एगो । पुहुत्ताणुओगकरणे ते अत्थ तओ वि वोच्छिन्ना ॥ २२६ ॥ These very verses occur in Avassayabhasa as v. 763 and 773 and in Visesāvassayabhāsa as v. 2284 and 2286. It may be noted that it is only kaliya suya which is mentioned here. This has been done with a view to showing that it is mukya (principal), and that ukkaliya suya is gauna (subordinate). So says Hemacandra Suri in his com. (p. 928) on Visesävassayabhasa (v. 2289).