________________
172
THE CANONICAL LITERATURE OF THE JAINAS
This work is referred to in Viāhapannatti (II, 1; s. 89), Nāyādhammakahā (I, v; s. 55), Ovaväiya (s. 77)2 and Pajjosanākappa (s.8)3. Its authorship is attributed to Āsuri.4
Mādhara (Sk. Māthara) is the name of the commentator of Sāňkyakārikā. He is placed in the 1st century A. D. by some scholars whereas some think that the correct date is cir. 500 A. D.5 The word Mādhara here used means a work of Mathara and seems to be his com. above referred to.
Purāna stands for any one or more of the well-known 18 Purānas which must have a date earlier than those of Nandi and Anuogaddāra.
Vāgarana (Sk. Vyākarana) may be a proper name of a work or it may be meaning grammar or exposition. Nothing can be said for certain.
Nadaya (Sk. Nataka) means a drama. It is difficult to say whether this stands for any particular drama or not. And even if it is, we do not know what that drama is.
By Veyas are meant the 4 well-known Vedas. For their names and those of their six Argas see p. 170, fn. 2. The Upangas are commentaries to these six Angas. See p. 170, fn. 2.
We may now deal with other works noted in Nandi.
Terāsiya (Sk. Trairāśika) stands for the school of the Trairāśikas of whom Rohagupta, pupil of Gupta Sūri, is looked upon as the founder. Or it may be a name of some standard work of this school. Rohagupta's date is cir. Vira Saṁvat 544.
Bhāgava may be a misreading for Bhaggava. If so, it can be looked upon as a work of Bhargava, a distinguished follower of the Sārkhya school. Prof. Winternitz, however, equates it with Bhāgavata-Purāna; but is this consistent when Purana is already mentioned prior to this and especially when the word vāgaranaṁ intervenes Purāņam and Bhāgavam ? 1-3. So far as the pertinent portion is concerned, it is practically the same in all
of these suttas. It runs as under:"रिउव्वेद-जजुब्वेद-सामवेद-अहव्वणवेद इतिहासपंचमाणं निग्घंटछट्ठाणं चउण्हं वेदाणं संगोवंगाणं सरहस्साणं सारए वारए धारए पारए सडंगवी सद्वितंतविसारए संखाणे सिक्खाकप्पे वागरण छेदे निरुत्ते जोतिसामयणे अनेसु य बहसु बंभण्णएसु
परिव्वायएसु ए नयेसु सुपरिनिट्ठए यावि" 4. See the edition (p. 424) of Syädvādamañjarī noted on p. 171 in fn. 3. 5. Vide Foreword (pp. 1xxvi-lxxvii) to Tattavasangraha.
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
