History of Canonical Literature of Jainas

Author(s): Hiralal R Kapadia, Nagin J Shah
Publisher: Prakrit Text Society Ahmedabad

Page 143

126
1
THE CANONICAL LITERATURE OF THE JAINAS in its Mettasutta and Tuvaṭṭakasutta, and consequently it should be looked upon as younger to Dhammapada--a situation no scholar can approve of. On p. 174 he concludes this topic by saying that the canonical literature (suttasahitya) of the Jainas is as old as that of the Bauddhas, and to be more exact it seems that some of the suttas of Suttanipāta2 are anterior to and some are posterior to those of Ayara and Suyagaḍa whereas some are even contemporaneous with those of these Jaina works.3
SUYAGADA
Suyagaḍa-This is the 2nd Anga having 3 titles as noted on p. 57 fn.7. It is divided into 2 suyakkhandhas. Of them the 1st has 16 ajjhayanas, whereas the 2nd 7. Thus in all there are 23 ajjhayanas.5 But, only the 1st 5 ajjhayaṇas and those, too, of the 1st suyakkhandha only, have uddesas, their respective numbers being 4, 3, 4, 2, and 2; the rest have no uddesas whatsoever. The 1st suyakkhandha has all its ajjhayanas except 1 “એમાં મેત્તસુત્ત સમગ્ર અને તુદ્રસુત્તનો મોટો ભાગ પણ એ જ મિશ્ર છંદમાં છે.’' —Ibid., p. 172 [Tra: "Its entire Mettasutta and the most part of its Tuvaṭṭakasutta are composed in the same misra metre."]
“પદ્યબંધની કસોટી સૂચવે છે કે એ સંગ્રહનો ત્રિષ્ટુભાનુજ્જુભી સંસૃષ્ટિમાં રચાયલાં સુત્તવાળો ભાગ આયાર અને સૂડગડથી કંઇક જૂનો જણાય છે; અને કૌકાલિયક કુટુંબ સાથે સંબંધ ધરાવતો ભાગ ઉક્ત જૈન અંગોથી અર્ધી સદી મોડો રચાયેલો સંભવે છે. સંપૂર્ણ આર્યા એમાં ઉપલબ્ધ નથી તે કારણથી પ્રસ્તુત બૌદ્ધ સુત્ત રાય્યભવ મુનિના દસવેઆલિયની પૂર્વે ગોઠવાય છે.’’
Ibid, p. 174
2
[Tra: "The test of metrical composition suggests that the part of that collection, which contains suttas composed in Tristubhänustubhi samsṛsti is somewhat older than Ayara and Suyagada, but the composition of the part related to kaukāliyaka family is likely to be later than the just mentioned two Jaina Angas by half a century. As the complete arya is not found in this Buddhist sutta, it is placed prior to Dasaveäliya of the Jaina monk Śayyambhava.]
3 ‘‘સુત્તનિપાતમાં કેટલાં સુત્તો આચાર અને સૂયગડ અંગ પહેલાનાં, કેટલાંક તે બેના પછીનાં અને કેટલાંક સમકાલીન લાગે છે. —Ibid., p. 174
5
[Tra: "Some suttas of Suttanipāta seem older than Ayara and Suyagaḍa Angas, while some later than they, and still some contemporary of them."]
4
I do not know if there is any source which mentions the specific names of both of these sections. From Silanka's com. (p. 8a) on Suyagaḍa we see that the 1st section is named as Gāthāṣoḍaśaka (Pr. Gāhāṣoḍasaya), i.e. one of which Gāhā is the 16th ajjhayana.
Cf. the following verse of Suyagaḍanijjutti :
"दो चेव सुयक्खन्धा अज्झयणआई च होन्ति तेवीसं । तेत्तिसुद्देसणकाला आयाराओ दुगुणमङ्गं ॥ २२ ॥”