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The Conception of Matter in Jaina Philosophy
activity (Kriyā)". The entities are inactive from the point of view of quality. An entity can be called inactive by the prominence of the substantial stand-point and the non-prominence of the modal stand-point.2 All entities are active from the aspect of origination and decay of their modes. They are active by the prominence of the modal point of view and the non-prominence of the substantial point of view.3 All substances are endowed with qualities and modes, therefore, they are inactive and active respectively. The permanence of quality in a substance can be called inactivity, while the origination and decay of mode in it are to be called activity, (Kriyā), modes of a substance are infinite, so there are stated to be infinite divisions or conditions of activity. Both Arthaparyāya and Vyañjanaparyāyat take place in Soul and Matter.5 There are two kinds of bhāva (condition), viz. parispandātmaka (vibrating) and aparis pandātmaka (non-vibrating).6 It is explained that Matter and Soul are active "Pudgalajivāstu kriyāvantah”?. Activity has been stated to be characterized 1. Ubhayanimittavaśādutpadyamānaḥ paryāya dravyasya
deśāntaraprāptihetuḥ kriyā-Sarvārthasiddhi, p. 272. 2. Anutpādavyayotpādavyayadrśanāt (25) paryāyārthika
gunabhāve dravyārthikaprādhānyāt sarve bhāvā
anutpādavyayadarśanāt niskriyā nityāśca—TRV., p. 449. 3. Dravyārthikagunabhāve paryāyārthikaprādhānyāt sarve
bhāvā utpādavyayadarśanāt sakriyā anityāsceti --
TRV., p. 449. 4. Arthaparyāya signifis those minute or subtle divisions in a
series of changes, which are or appear to be indivisible, no name can be attributed to it, while vyañjanaparyāya indicates a series of changes which has such similarity as to allow it to be stated by a name—Sanmatitarka,
III, 34, p. 440. 5. Jivapūdgalānāṁ arthaparyāya-vyañjanaparyāyasca,-PRTV,
II, 37, p. 182. 6. Dravyasya hi bhāvo dividhaḥ parispandātmakaḥ apari
spandātmakaśca,—TRV., 5. 22, 11, p. 481. 7. TS. Bhā. V. 6, p. 326.
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