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Combination of Matter
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According to Aniruddha, “both 'isomeric' and 'heterogeneous' combinations are real causes of constitutive contact. 1 "But in the later Sāṁkhya-Pātañjala the current teaching denied this-bahūnāmupādānayogāt (Sūtra 102, Chap. V), where Vijñānabhikṣu notes-bahūnām bhinnajātiyānām copādānatvar na drstamiti sajātiyamevopādānām itarācca bhūtacatuştayamupastambhakam” 2
It is admitted by the Samkhya that the dyad (dvyanuka) may be formed by atoms in constituting substances, 3 In the mediaeval Samkhya-Patañjala it was conceived under the influence of the Nyāya-Vaiseșika that the intimate combination took place in the case of the structure of molecule formed of 'isomeric atoms, while in the case of a molecule formed of heterogeneous atoms there occurred only grouping of comparatively free or loosely attached atoms round a radicle atom (vyūhana ) with liberation of Energy (upastambha, avastambha or viştambha) and the setting up of unequal stress and strain ( gunavaisamyavimardda--Isvarakrsna ). There existed a fundamental (radical) difference between these two structures of molecules. But this distinction is not applicable to the Tanmātras (infra-atomic potentials or sūksmabhūtas), the forms of subtle matter which could combine into close "fusion whether homogeneous or heterogeneous”. As for instance, sūksmaśarira (subtle body), the vehicle of the sentient principle is admitted by Vijñānabhikṣu to be pañcabhūtātmaka (penta-Bhautika), i. e. all the five infra-atomic potentials (Tanmātras) function as upādānakāraņas (material causes). “though the gross body (the animal organism) is stated 1. Ārambhakasamyoga, e. g. bhautika-vāyordehārambhaka
tvam, Aniruddha on sūtra 113, Chap. V., Vide P. S. A.,
H.. p. 50. 2. The Positive Sciences of the Ancient Hindus, p. 50. 3. Tathā anyonyāśrayāśca dvyaņukavat guņāḥ, Gaudapāda
on kārikā 12; The Positive Sciences of the Ancient Hindus, p. 52.
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