Sanskrit Sopanam Part 03

Author(s): Surendra Gambhir
Publisher: Pitambar Publishing Company
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/022546/1

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| 22%r yUIGH maa 3 es

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saMskRta sopAnam bhAga 3 rAzana sagroacteroyer lekhaka dAmA DaoN surendra gambhIra ema0 e0 (saMskRta, bhASA-vijJAna) . sAhityazAstrI, pI-eca.DI. bhU.pU. adhyakSaH, saMskRta vibhAgaH maoNDarna skUla, naI dillI M saste pItAmbara pabliziMga kampanI prA0 li. 888, IsTa pArka roDa, karaula bAg2a, naI dillI-110 005 (bhArata) zAkhAe~ baiMgalora :AvAsa na 6/2, III mena roDa, esa ke gArDena, bensana TAuna posTa, baiMgalora-560046 dUrabhASa : 080-23534673 cennaI :10, haMTarsa roDa, prathama tala, culAI, cennaI-600112 dUrabhASa : 044-25322333 haidarAbAdaH e jI-18, zAMti bAga apArTamaiMTsa, begamapeTa, haidarAbAda-500016dUrabhASa : 040-23737423 jayapura :113, iMdrA kAlonI, banI pArka, jayapura-302016 12ii dUrabhASa : 0141-2203440

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prakAzaka: pItAmbara pabliziMga kampanI prA. li. 888, IsTa pArka roDa, karaula bAg2a, naI dillI-110 005 (bhArata) dUrabhASa : 23670067, 23522997, 23625528 phaiksa : 91-11-23676058,91-11-25765754 I-mela : pitambar@bol.net.in saMskaraNa: prathama, 1972 punarmudraNa, 1973, 1974, 1975 dvitIya, 1976 punarmudraNa, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982 tRtIya, 1983 punarmudraNa, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991 caturtha, 1992 punarmudraNa, 1993, 1994, 1995 paMcama, 1996 punarmudraNa, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 Apako jAlI/nakalI pustakoM se bacAne ke lie saMzodhita evaM parimArjita saMskaraNa, 2001 hai| yadi yaha hologrAma yahA~ nahIM hai to kRpayA punarmudraNa : 2002, 2003 pustaka ko na kharIdeM kyoMki yaha jAlI/nakalI ho sakatI hai| agara Apako binA hologrAma korDa sarvAdhikAra : (c) surakSita pustaka prApta hoM to kRpayA hameM sUcita kre| priya grAhaka hamane isa pustaka meM yaha hologrAma cipakAyA haA prakAzaka koDa naM. : 12632. AvaraNa : (1) mahAkavi kAlidAsa zakuntalA kI racanA karate hue| (2) jarmana vidvAna maiksamyUlara-jinhoMne saMskRta graMthoM kA anuvAda jarmana bhASA meM kiyA tathA gItA-upadeza kA citra / ISBN : 81-209-0548-2018 mUlya (mA)20001 : 63/- rupaye isa pustaka para AdhArita abhyAsa-pustikA bhI prApya hai| pIyUSa priMTarsa pablizarsa prA0 li0, naI dillI-41 dvArA mudrita / kAmagi jilA

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kiJcit prastutamAlA-viSayakam bhASA-manovijJAna-zAstriNAM zodhaiH bhASA-zikSaNamapi kalA-rUpeNa upasthApitam / alpAdapi alpatare samaye adhikasya zikSaNasya spardhA sarvatra dRSTipathamavatarati / kasyA api bhASAyAH zikSaNasya catasraH vidhA bhavanti, tathAhi-zravaNaM, vadanaM, paThanaM lekhanaJceti / paraM saMskRta-sadRzyai bhASAyai paThanaM tadavagamazcaiva prAdhAnyena lakSyIkRtaM syAd ityasti vyavasthitA manISA bhASA-zAstra-vidAm / gauNarUpeNa paThanavidhAyAH sAdhanarUpeNa vadanAdi-vidhA api anuzIlyantAm / satyametat yat bhASA-bhASaNena chAtrANAM vizvAso vardhate rucizcApi vRdviM gacchati / etad vicAryaiva atra lalitAni saMskRta-padyAni, dainandina-vyavahAra-parANi kAnicit sarala-saMskRta-vAkyAni ca pustakArambhe dattAni / anudinam eteSAm anuzIlanena chAtrANAM saMskRta-bhASAM prati anuraktirvardhiSyate ityAzAse / bhASA-zikSaNa-vidhAnAM pradhAnya-gauNa-vyavasthAyA vismaraNaM na bhavet ityAvazyakam / lakSye spaSTe panthA api spaSTo jAyate / pratyekaM pustakaM chAtrasya AyusstaramAvazyakatAJca vilokyaiva praNItam / bhASA-jJAna-bhittiH Adita evaM dRDhamUlA susaMhatA ca bhavediti dRzA sarvamatra kramikaM mitaM niyataJcAsti / pratyekaM zabdaH kayApi yojanayaiva sannivezitaH / prastuta-mAlAyAM zabdA itthaM prayuktAH, vAkya-racanA evamAyojitA vyAkaraNaJcetthaM krameNa alpAlpazaH gumphitaM yena bAlaH sAralyenaiva sarvaM zikSeta / kramika-zikSaNaM kramika vikAsAya Avazyakam / bhASA-zikSaNena sAkaM sAhityasya rucirA lalitAzcAMzAH sannivezitAH / saMskRta-vAGmaya-mahodadhi maMthanotthAni kathA-ratnAni padya-ratnAni nidarzana bhUtAni cAtra gumphitAni / anyacca, vijJAna-saMskRti-sAmAjika-jJAnAdi-viSayAn antareNa pAThA api ___cAtra sanniviSTA santi / . pratyekaM pAThasyopari pAThya-saMketena pAThe yaduddiSTaM tadavagame saukaryaM bhaviSyati / sandhInAM R) samAsAnAM cAprayogaH sAralyanimittakaH / pustakasyAnte dattazzabdakozaH bAlAn zabdakozasyAnuzIlanAya pravartayiSyate / pAThebhyaH vyatiriktamabhyAseSvapi anye prarocakAH buddhayuttejakAH prayogAH praznAzca dattAH / / vastusthitiriyaM yat na vayaM chAtreSu bahu AzAsmahe / zikSAvidAM tarkAnubhavAnumoditaM vacaH yat yAvata chAtreSu sambhAvyate tAvatyeva te kRta-prayatnAH bhavantIti zam / -gambhIraH

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viSaya sacI pAThaH pRSThaH prathamaH dvitIyaH tRtIyaH - Izvara-vaMdanA mAnAdhito pratIkakA siMhaH mUSakaH ca / himAlaya svAsthyasya rakSA gola vijJAvAlA krIDAyAH kSetram gAyanayAnamA trayaH matsyAH zrIrAmaH caturthaH jantuzAlA paMcamaH SaSThaH saptamaH aSTamaH navamaH dazamaH ekAdazaH dvAdazaH trayodazaH caturdazaH paMcadazaH SoDazaH saptadazaH aSTAdazaH navadazaH viMzatitamaH ekaviMzatitamaH dvAviMzatitamaH / trayoviMzatitamaH caturviMzatitamaH nalaH damayantI cAzA kamI gardabhasya gItam gAnA gAyA buddhaH mUSakaH maharSiH ca AcAryaH cANakyaH zlokAH gItAyAH upadezaH svadeza-paricayaH saMskRta bhASA ramezasya-janmadivasaH lobhasya pariNAma: mArogA candrayAtrA para AgalAmAkAkA zlokAH trayaH dakArAH gomAmA vivekAnandaHnimA dhAnakA patram pitaraM prati vyAkaraNam zabda-kozaH

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Teaching Point: (i) varNa sammelanam declension (ii) sAdhu prathamaH Iza-vandanA pAThaH sakhA draviNam saMketaH sakala bhAnuH tam vidhuH taruH phala kalyANam tvameva mAtA ca pitA tvameva, tvameva bandhuH ca sakhA tvameva / tvameva vidyA draviNam tvameva, tvameva sarvam mama deva-deva / VIDullu he Izvara ! tvam dayAluH asi / tvam kRpAluH asi / tvam gurUNAmapi guruH / sAdhavaH api tvAmeva arcanti / tava saMketena eva sakalAni kAryANi calanti / bhAnuH tava AjJayA tapati / vidhuH api tava saMketam pAlayati / he prabho ! vAyuH api tava AjJAm vinA na calati / taravaH api tava kRpayA eva phalanti / he Izvara ! tvam bhaktAn rakSasi duSTAn ca daNDayasi / asmabhyam vidyAm ycch| asmAkam matiH zaktiH ca dezasya kalyANAya bhvtu| vayam tvAm namAmaH /

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Srce | zabdArthAH // // // mAtA 'pitA bandhuH sakhA vidyA draviNam deva-deva // // // // mAtA pitA sambandhI mitra jJAna dhana he devatAoM ke devatA . JE dayAvAn kRpA karane vAlA AcArya sAdhu izArA // (mother) (father) (relative) (friend) (knowledge) (wealth) (Oh God of gods) (oh !) (merciful) mA (kind) (teacher) (saint) (hint, signal) (all) F(sun) DIPPkAlA (to shine) // dayAlu kRpAlu TANTS PE // - // // sAdhuH saMketaH || sakala || bhAnuH || saryazANa || tap tapanA

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// // // // per3a phalma // s // vidhuH candramA (moon) prabhuH Izvara (God) vAyuH havA (air) taruH (tree) phalanA milIlI (to bear fruit) kalyANam bhalA (welfare, good) dhAtavaH tap (2), phala (2) rUpANi bandhu, dayAlu, kRpAlu, guru, bhAnu, vidhu, prabhu, vAyu, taru-sAdhu' ke samAna (pRSTha 94) vizeSaNAni strI0 alaneomainAnazikAra napu0 vihAhAka dayAluH kRpAluH kRpAluH kRpAla sakalaH sakalA sakalam avyaya: he vizeSa : vAkya ke anta meM 'as' dhAtu ke rUpoM kA prayoga vaikalpika hai (At the end of a sentence, use of 37EUR form is optional). puM0 dayAluH dayAlu abhyAsaH maukhikam 1. 'bhAna' zabda ke rUpoM ko bolie (Decline bhaanu)| 2. nimnalikhita zabdoM ko milA kara bolie (Join and pronounce the following words)-- tvam + eva, tvam + asi, tvam + api, draviNam + api, kalyANam + asti / likhitam 3. nimnalikhita zabdoM ke tRtIyA ekavacana aura SaSThI bahuvacana meM rUpa likhie (Give forms of each in der singular and got plural)-- bandhu guru bhAnu vidhu

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prabhu vAyu taru 4. vargoM ko milAkara nimnalikhita zabdoM ko dobArA likhie (Join and rewrite the following words)-- gurUNAm + eva, AjJAm + api, draviNam + asti, abhidhAnam + AsIt, AkramaNam + abhavat / 5. pratyeka kA eka paryAyavAcI dIjie (Give one synonym of each) pitA, bhAnuH, IzvaraH, taruH, guruH, vidyA / 6. saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit) (ka) sAdhu AzramoM meM rahate the / (Sadhus lived in hermitages.) (kha) sUrya aura candramA Izvara kI AjJA se prakAza dete haiN| (Sun and moon give light by obeying God's order.) (ga) hama saba milakara prabhu ko namaskAra karate haiM / (All of us together bow to God.) nA (gha) hama garuoM kI pUjA kreN| (We should worship teachers.) (Da.) rameza, tuma dhana cAhate ho yA vidyA ? (Ramesh, do you want money or knowledge ?)

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Teaching Point : (i) 'ga' declension (ii) bhUtakAlika-prayoga : -review dvitIyaH siMhaH mUSakaH ca pAThaH mUSakaH supta itastataH kUrdu prabuddha muc (muJc) vyAdhaH sad (sId) kRt kSudra ANNI ekasmin vane ekaH siMhaH vasati sma / ekadA saH vRkSasya nIcaiH suptaH AsIt / ekaH mUSakaH Agatya tasya zarIre itastataH anRtyat / tena siMhaH prabuddhaH abhavat / saH mUSakAya adhyat / saH mUSakaH akrandat avadat ca-"bhoH vanarAja, mayi dayAm kuru / samaye ahamapi tava sahAyatAm kariSyAmi" iti / etat AkarNya siMhaH ahasat param dayayA tam amuJcat /

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SA ekadA siMhaH vyAdhasya jAlena baddhaH abhavat / tadA saH agarjat / tasya garjanam AkarNya mUSakaH tata Agacchat avadat ca-"bhoH vanarAja, mA sIda / aham etat jAlam kartiSyAmi" iti / tadA saH mUSakaH tat jAlam akRntat / siMhaH svatantraH abhavat / prasannaH bhUtvA saH avadat-"bhoH mitra mUSaka, aham prasannaH asmi / kSudrasya jantoH api upayogaH bhavati, etat aham adya avagacchAmi" iti / zabdArthAH mUSakaH sma supta zarIram itastata prabaddhaH cUhA (vartamAna kAla kI kriyA ke pIche lagA kara bhUtakAla banAne vAlA nipAta) soyA haAyasIya = 'zarIrakA idhara-udhara = T jAgA huA (vaktA ke kathana ke bAda prayukta) (mouse) (past-tense-maker particle, added after present tense form) (asleep) (body) (here and there) (awake) (used to report the direct speech) iti

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dayA sahAyatA muc (muJc) vyAdhaH jAlam baddha garjanam sad (sId) kRt (kunt) kSudra jantuH upayogaH dhAtavaH bipoda 11) beyo eka .lno || || || || = = = suptaH prabuddhaH baddhaH 02 kSudraH 6165 || || || = = = " s dayA lonie mi armriot aved liw madada chor3anA zikArI jAla ba~dhA huA mito prANI avyayAH sma, itastataH vizeSa: dahAr3a duHkhI honA kATanA choTA CITESTE upayoga muc (muJc) (2), sad (sId) (2), kRt (kRnt) (2) ( silos) pri (net) bavils (strIo al) suptA (todana prabuddhA ano to Jo baddhA now eidT) | kSudrA rUpANi eka (pRSTha 97), jantu -'sAdhu' ke samAna (like sAdhu) (pRSTha 94) misa ca vizeSaNAni Tamomstar VOT kekI (mercy). (help) (to leave) (hunter) 192 SNT) santi (captured) 251 7 (roar (to be dejected) bhADa (to cut) (small) (creature) (use) napuM0 suptam prabuddham baddham kSudram sy kama (1). (i) pATha ke antima vAkya meM 'etat' zabda napuMsakaliMga kA rUpa hai / yahA~ napuMsakaliMga kyoM AyA ? uttara hai- "sAmAnye napuMsakam" arthAt koI vizeSa liMga abhipreta na ho to napuMsakaliMga kA prayoga hotA hai / (In the last sentence of the lesson, the neuter form of g is used. Why neuter here? In Sanskrit Grammar, there is a rule sAmAnye napusaMkam which means neuter gender should be used when no particular gender is intended.)

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(ii) spaSTa hI hai ki eka ke rUpa kevala ekavacana meM hI hoMge (It should be obvious that the word ge will have forms in singular only). abhyAsaH maukhikam (1) 'eka' zabda ke rUpa bolie (Decline ek)| (2) nimnalikhita kI 'sma' kI sahAyatA se bhUtakAlika kriyAe~ banAie (Make past tense forms with FH)-- krudhyati, gacchati, kRntati, vadasi, smaranti, muJcataH, tapAmi, phalatha / likhitam (3) vizeSaNoM kA ucita rUpa batAe~ (Give the appropriate form of each adjective) (sva) pustakam, (supta) zAvakau, (baddha) narAH, (sakala) nAyakAn, (prabuddha) bAlakebhyaH, (kSudra) jantave / (4) avyaya chA~Tie (Choose avyaya words) 3 anuzAsanam, itastataH, Avazyaka, AsIt, nIcaiH, he, bhoH, parasparam, abhidhAnam / (5) saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit)(ka) yaha kathA prasiddha hai / (This story is famous.) (kha) eka vana meM zera aura cUhA rahate the| (In a forest lived a lion and a _mouse.) (ga) yaha phala eka bAlaka ke lie hai / (This fruit is for one boy.) (gha) yaha kAma eka AdamI kA nahIM hai / (This work is not of one person.) (Ga) naukara ThaMDA pAnI lAtA thA / (The servant used to bring cold water.) / jimazevarazamana matol

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Teaching Point: () 'nadI' declension tRtIyaH himAlayaH pAThaH zikharam sarvadA himam AcchAdita nira+gam yathA vegaH sic (siJc) rUgNa tApaH pra+sad purA prakRti saMsaktalocana himAlayaH bhAratasya uttaradizAyAm sthitaH asti / eSaH parvatarAjaH asti / himAlayasya zikharANi ati unnatAni santi / tAni sarvadA himena AcchAditAni bhavanti / kA himAlayAt nadyaH nirgacchanti, yathA-gaMgA, yamunA, zatadruH vipAzA, irAvatI, candrabhAgA, vitastA ca iti / himAlaye nadInAm vegaH ati tIvraH bhavati / tAbhiH nadIbhiH kRSakAH kSetrANi sinycnti| atra svAsthya-vardhakAni sthAnAni api santi / rugNAH tatra gacchanti svAsthyam ca vindanti / tApena vyAkulAH janAH atra Agatya prasIdanti /

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purA himAlayasya guhAsu munayaH vasanti sma / tatra nadISu snAnaM kRtvA te Izvaram arcanti sma / eSaH parvataH prakRteH krIDA-sthalam / kAzmIra-pradezaH api atra eva sthitaH / etasmin pradeze zatruH saMsakta-locanaH asti / zatrubhyaH vayam kAzmIram himAlayam ca rakSiSyAmaH / uttara dizA parvatarAjaH zikharam kI ati unnata sarvadA himam AcchAdita nadI nir+ gam (gacch) yathA |||||||| = = 11 1| 1| 1| 1| 1| = C zabdArthAH uttarI dizA parvatoM kA rAjA coTI bahuta U~cA hamezA barfa DhakA huA nadI nikalanA jaise 10 (northern direction) (king of mountains) (peak) (very) (high) kA (always) me? (snow) (covered) (river) (to go out) (as for example) gata

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|| || | // // // // // // // // rogI // // garmI // || || zatadruH sataluja nadI (the river Satluj) vipAzA byAsa nadI (the river Beas) 35 irAvatI rAvI nadI To (the river Ravi) candrabhAgA canAba nadI (the river Chanab). vitastA jehalama nadI (the river Jhelum) vegaH pravAha (current) tIvra tez2a (fast) sic (siJca) sIMcanA (to irrigate) svAsthyavardhaka = svAsthya bar3hAne vAlA (healthy, health-promoting) sthAnam sthAna (place) rugNa (sick) svAsthyam sehata (health) tApaH (heat) janaH AdamI, loga (person, people) pra+sad (sId) prasanna honA (to be pleased) purA = prAcInakAla meM - (in olden days) dhAna snAnam snAna onut (bath) O ne parvataH = pahAr3a (mountain) prakRtiH kudarata (nature) krIDA-sthalam = krIDA-sthala (playing ground) ) zatruH duzmana (enemy) saMsakta-locana A~kheM gar3hAe hue (one with eyes fixed) dhAtu : sic (siJc) (2) upasargayukta dhAtu : ni gam pra+sad (sId) sinAki sAvana (Permvirrordininaiyon sordial) ni yAmaka) rUpANi Brez SIERVOS baru ) nadI (pRSTha 94), 'zatru-'sAdhu' ke samAna (like sAdhu) (pRSTha 94) mayanayAnAta sAta vizeSaNAni paM0 strI.pbinodramod unnatam AcchAditaH AcchAditA AcchAditam || || kapa || || napa0 unnataH 10 unnatA

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tIvra: - vardhakaH rugNaH - locanaH avyayAH tIvrA - vardhikA rugNA - locanA ati, sarvadA, yathA, purA / i abhyAsaH tIvram -vardhakam rugNam - locanam maukhikam (1) 'nadI' zabda ke rUpa bolie (Decline nadI) / (2) nimnalikhita nadiyA~ bhArata ke kisa-kisa pradeza meM haiM ? In which states are the following rivers gaMgA, yamunA, zatadru, vipAzA, irAvatI, candrabhAgA, vitastA they likhitam (3) koSThaka meM die dhAtu se ucita rUpa banAie ( Fill in the blanks with appropriate forms of the roots within parenthesis) (ka) bhAratasya nadyaH kSetrANi (kha) vidyAlayam gantum bAlAH gRhebhyaH (ga) kAzmIram gatvA janAH (sic) / (nir+ gam ) / (pra+sad) / (4) nimnalikhita zabdoM ko saMskRta vAkyoM meM prayukta kIjie (Use the following words in Sanskrit sentences) nadI, irAvatI, svAsthyam, prakRtiH, yathA (S)(F) (5) saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit)-- (ka) kyA nadiyoM meM jala nahIM hai ? (Is there no water in the rivers ?) (kha) eka nadI kA nAma irAvatI hai / (One river's name is Iravati.) (ga) prAcInakAla meM guphAoM meM muni rahate the / (In olden days sages lived in caves.) (gha) rogI loga kahA~ jAe~ ? (Where should sick people go ?) sAdhu nadiyoM se jala lAte haiM / (Sadhus bring water from rivers.) (ca). hama saMskRta nAgarI meM likhate haiM / (We write Sanskrit in Nagari.) 12

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Teaching Point : (1) vidhiliMG caturthaH svAsthyasya rakSA pAThaH arja ut+nI (naya) tathAhi prAk prAtarvidhiH tataH dantaH dhAvanam zodhakam yathAzakti kiJca aparam khAdyam muhurmuhuH zayanam prAcAryaH -sarvatra janAH sukham vAJchanti / zarIreNa svasthAH janAH eva sukham adhigantum saphalAH bhavanti / svasthAH janAH eva paThitum krIDitum ca samarthAH bhavanti / svasthAH dhanam arjanti / te eva dezam unnayanti / / ekaH chAtraH -svAsthyasya rakSAyai vayam kim kuryAma ? prAcAryaH -mohana, upvish| upAyAn api vadiSyAmi / tathAhi-janaH sadA sUryodayAt prAk uttiSThet / prAtarvidhim kRtvA vyAyAmam kuryAt / vyAyAmena zarIrasya zaktiH vRddhim gacchati / tataH dantAnAm dhAvanam kRtvA snAnam kuryAt / snAnAya svaccham jalam Avazyakam asti / zodhakasya prayogam pratidinam na kuryAt / tataH nirmalAni vastrANi dhArayet /

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sunIlaH - kim vRddhAH api vyAyAmam kuryuH ? oel Kare Malladding prAcArya: - Am, te api yathAzakti vyAyAmam kuryuH / kiJca, janAH Izvaram api arceyuH / tena hRdayam zuddham bhavati / zuddham hRdayam api svAsthyAya Avazyakam / aparam ca janAH svAsthya vardhakAni khAdyAni eva khAdeyuH / muhurmuhuH na khAdeyuH / bhoH chAtrAH, yUyam api samaye eva paTheta, samaye eva ca krIDeta / samaye eva zayanam kuryAta / samaye eva ca uttiSTheta / samaye eva kAryANi kRtvA janaH svAsthyam vindati / zabdArthAH vI rakSA sukham samartha arja ut+nI (nay) upAyaH tathAhi // // // |||||| 14 rakSA sukha yogya kamAnA unnata karanA upAya jaise 44. (protection) (comfort) (capable) (to earn) (to uplift) (device) (for example) Fisti

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// // // // // sUryodayaH prAk prAtarvidhiH vyAyAmaH tataH dantaH dhAvanam svaccha zodhakam prayogaH nirmala // // // // // sUrya nikalanA (sunrise) pahale (before) zaucAdi (bathroom activity) kasarata (exercise) usake bAda (thereafter) dA~ta (tooth) safAI (cleaning) sApha (clean) mahAra sAbuna .(soap) ( DI prayoganani raVEDA (use) sApha (clean) vA (yo bUr3hAegAyakI (old) manAunI tAkata ke anusAra (according to capacity) (and) ansatta (pure) (isake ilAvA) aura (moreover) khAne yogya vastu (eatable) bAra-bAra bhongiwod (again and again) sonA (sleeping) // // yathAzakti // auraNamAkA // // // // // kiJca zuddha aparam khAdyam muhurmuhuH "zayanam dhAtu : arju (1) upasarga-yukta-dhAtu: ut+nI (nay) vizeSaNAni // EMPAe / goo samarthaH svaccha: nirmalaH vRddhaH zuddhaH strIfastrona samarthA nema svacchA nirmalA vRddhA zuddhA bluatta na samartham (uilidegro svacchamA nirmalam vRddham .Ther ( zaddhamAyaka)

Page #21
avyayAH (ka) tathAhi, prAk, tataH, kiJca, aparam, muhurmuhuH / (kha) yathAzakti / abhyAsaH maukhikam 1. paTha aura arju dhAtuoM ke vidhiliGa meM rUpa bolie (Conjugate paTh and arja in vidhiling)| 2. saMskRta meM uttara dIjie (Answer in Sanskrit) (ka) janAH kim vAJchanti ? (kha) kim janAH muhurmuhuH khAdeyuH ? (ga) kim vRddhAH api vyAyAmam kuryuH ? (gha) kim bAlakAH dezam unnayeyuH ? likhitam 3. par3he hue zabdoM ke AdhAra para 'mama zarIram' viSaya para saMskRta meM ATha vAkya likhie (Making use of the known vocabulary, write eight sentences in Sanskrit on mama shriirm)| 4. ina zabdoM kI sahAyatA se rikta sthAnoM kI pUrti kIjie (Fill in the blanks with the help of following words) - prayogaH, nirmalam, zuddham, prAk . (ka) tvam ... - vastram dhArayeH / (kha) yUyam sadA sUryodayAt " uttiSTheta / (ga) Iza-vandanayA hRdayam .........." bhavati / (gha)-zodhakasya ............. pratidinam AvazyakaH na asti / 5. saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit)(ka) chAtra zakti ke anusAra pddh'eN| (Students should study according to their capability.) (kha) loga apane zarIroM ko svastha rkheN| (People should keep their bodies healthy.) (ga) kisAna khetoM ko pAnI se sIMceM / (Farmers should water their fields.) (gha) hama deza ko U~cA uThAe~ / (We should uplift our country.) (Ga) tuma donoM ghara na jAo / (Both of you do not go home.)

Page #22
Teaching Point: (i) 'dvi' declension paJcamaH krIDAyAH kSetram pAThaH vividha dalam krIDakaH utsAhaH nirNAyaka khelaya rata para spRz sva caraNa kandukam zabdikA niyamaH samAna krIDAyAH kSetram pazyata / vidyAlayasya chAtrAH atra khelanti / tatra vividhAH krIDAH bhavanti / prathame kSetre kabaDDI bhavati / etasyAm krIDAyAm dve dale bhavataH / ekasmin dale sapta krIDakAH bhavanti / dvayoH dalayoH eva krIDakAH utsAhena khelanti / ekaH nirNAyakaH api bhavati / saH dve dale khelayati / dvitIye kSetre chAtrAH "kho-kho"-krIDAyAm ratAH santi / etasyAm krIDAyAm pratyekam dale nava krIDakAH bhavanti / ekasya dalasya krIDakAH parAn spraSTum prayatnam kurvanti, dvitIyasya dalasya ca krIDakAH svAn rakSanti / ____ tRtIye kSetre bAlAH caraNakandukena krIDanti / atra api ekaH nirNAyakaH asti / tasya haste zabdikA bhavati / 17

Page #23
*OD 0000 kAle kAle etAsu krIDAsu pratiyogitAH bhavanti / pratiyogitAm draSTum dvayoH eva vidyAlayayoH chAtrAH Agacchanti, svasya dalasya ca utsAham vardhayanti / krIDAsu dvAbhyAm eva dalAbhyAm niyamAH samAnAH bhavanti / -zabdArthAH krIDA vividha dalam krIDaka: utsAhaH nirNAyakaH khelay rata para spRz sva caraNa-kandukam = = = TIma = = = himmata = khela aneka prakAra kI khilAr3I = lIna // // = raifI, phaisalA karane vAlA khela khilAnA = chUnA wh dUsarA apanA kali = fuTabaoNla 18 (game) (various) (team) (player) (encouragement) (referee) (to make play) (busy) (other) (to touch) (one's own) (foot-ball) gaDaki bhaki

Page #24
= sITI = eka jaisA "zabdikA (whistle) niyamaH = niyama (rule) samAna (same) dhAtuH khelay (1) spRz (2) vAca Ems rUpam dvi (pRSTha 98) moderbal) bara mA vizeSaNAni 605005 HRonalboay. paM0 napa0 vividhaH vividhA vividhamhI rataH ratA ratam / paraH param svA svam samAnaH samAnA samAnam parA svaH abhyAsaH maukhikam 1. zuddha uccAraNa ke sAtha yaha pATha par3hiye (Read this lesson with correct pronunciation). 2. artha batAiye (Give meanings) vividha, zabdikA, muhurmuhuH, tathAhi, vitastA / likhitam 3. 'dvi' zabda ke yathApRSTa rUpa likhiye (Give forms of dvi as asked) strI tRtIyA vibhaktiH caturthI paJcamI " SaSThI " saptamI " 19

Page #25
4. saMskRta vAkyoM meM prayukta kIjie (Use in Sanskrit sentences) krID, krIDA, krIDakaH, krIDA-kSetram / / 5. antara spaSTa kIjie (Make the difference clear)- paTh, pAThaya; khela, khelaya; cala, cAlaya; naz, nAzaya / 6. saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit)(ka) Azrama meM aneka prakAra ke vRkSa haiN| (In the hermitage, there are many ___kinds of trees.) (kha) sainiko, utsAha se yuddha karo / (Soldiers, fight with courage.) (ga) do kanyAe~ bAg2a ko jA rahI hai / (Two girls are going to the garden.) (gha) pairoM meM do jUte haiM / (There are two shoes in the feet.) (Ga) mA~ una do baccoM ko cUma le| (Mother should kiss those two children.) Radiiwn0225tribbyaa kAma 20

Page #26
Teaching Point: (i) 'Fr' declension SaSThaH trayaH matsyAH pAThaH jalAzaya kadAcit dhIvaraH bahu tarhi AjIvikA vArtA zrutipathamA+ gam tyaj drAk yukta bhayam anAgatam vicAraH upa+has bhAgyam anukUla pratikUla parivAraH pra+naz parAhaH kAThinyam bhAgyapara 11 /11 ekasmin jalAzaye trayaH matsyAH vasanti sma / kadAcit tam jalAzayam dRSTvA dhIvarAH avadan "bahUn matsyAn atra pazyAmaH / tarhi zvaH atra eva AgamiSyAmaH, etAn matsyAn ca jAlena baddhAn kRtvA AjIvikAm arjiSyAmaH" iti / eSA vArtA trayANAm eva matsyAnAm zrutipatham Agacchat / etat AkarNya teSu triSu prathamaH matsyaH avadat-"AkarNayatha na vA yat ete dhIvarAH kathayanti / etam jalAzayam tyaktvA vayam drAk eva anyatra gacchema / " tadA dvitIyaH matsyaH avadat-"na etat yuktam / bhayena kAryaM na bhavati / anAgatasya vicAraH na yuktaH / yadi te AgamiSyanti tadA vayam drAk eva etat sthAnam tyakSyAmaH / " tRtIyaH dvau eva upAhasat akathayat ca "yuvAm dvau eva mUauM / yadi bhAgyam anukUlam asti tadA atra eva rakSA bhaviSyati / yadi bhAgyam eva pratikUlam tadA anyatra api nNkssyaamH|" . 21

Page #27
evam cintayitvA prathamaH tu svena parivAreNa saha anyatra prANazyat / tataH parAhe dhIvarAH tatra Agacchan / tAn dRSTvA dvitIyaH api kAThinyena svAn prANAn arakSat / bhAgyaparaH ca tRtIyaH dhIvarANAm jAlena baddhaH abhavat / / / zabdArthAH baha // // // jalAzayaH = tAlAba kadAcit = kabhI dhIvaraH = machiyArA = bahata mAmA tarhi AjIvikA = roz2I hI mAyAko vArtA = bAta zrutipatham A+gam = sunanA tyAkA = chor3anAzika drAk = jaldI yukta = ucita bhayam gAyA Dara phora (pond) (sometime) (fisherman) (many, much) (then) (livelihood) (talk) (to hear) (to leave) (immediately) (proper) (fear) // TPS // // // kA // // 22

Page #28
anAgatam vicAra: Hars upa+has bhAgyam anukUla pratikUla parivAra: pra+naz parAhaH kAThinyam bhAgyapara dhAtuH tyaj (2) upasargayukta-dhAtuH upa+has, pra+naz (praNaz) rUpam tri (pRSTha 98) vizeSaNAni puM0 bahuH yuktaH anukUlaH pratikUlaH - paraH do 00 = bhaviSya, na AyA huA vicAra || || | || || || || || || maz2Aka karanA bhAgya = sIdhA Hi = = viparIta parivAra 00170 bhAga jAnA dUsarA dina kaThinAI (lane oil 1st Bib bhAgya para vizvAsa karane vAlA ( strI0 bahuH yuktA anukUlA pratikUlA - parA avyaya : kadAcit, tarhi, drAk muhAvarA (Idiom)- zrutipatham A + gam ciki abhyAsaH 23 (future, yet to come) (thought) (to laugh at) (fate)0x (favourable) (opposite) (family) (to run away) (next day) (difficulty) (fatalist) napuM0 bahu yuktam anukUlam pratikUlam -param (e) (79) maukhikam 1. zabda, liMga aura vacana batAie (Give for each of the following the basic word, its gender and its number.) dve, ekA, tisraH, trINi, dvayoH, trayaH /

Page #29
2. nIce kucha upasarga aura dhAtu diye gaye haiN| unase sArthaka upasargayukta dhAtuoM kA nirmANa kIjie (Given below are some prefixes and roots. Join them to generate prefixed roots.) upasarga-adhi, anu, A, ut, upa, prati, pra, vi, sam, av nir / dhAtu - gam, bhU, nI, hasa, ha, viza, vad, sthU, karNay, car, naM, sad / likhitam 3. tri ke pulliMga, strIliMga aura napuMsakaliMga meM rUpa likhie (Decline tri in all three genders.) kevala bhAgya para vizvAsa karane se kyA hAni hai ? (What's the harm in relying on fate alone?) 4. saMskRta meM uttara dIjie (Answer in Sanskrit)-- (ka) jalAzayam dRSTvA dhIvarAH kim avadan ? (kha) prathamaH matsyaH kim akathayat ? (ga) dvitIyaH matsyaH kim akathayat ? (gha) tRtIyaH matsyaH kim akathayat ? 5. saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit)-- (ka) bacco, Apasa meM khelo / (Children, play together.) (kha) eka, do, tIna- isa prakAra gino / (One, two, three-count like this.) (ga) ina tInoM kA upahAsa mata karo / ( Do not make fun of these three.) (gha) tIna dinoM ke lie vahA~ kauna jAegA ? (Who will go there for three days ?) kIra (Ga) tIna lar3akiyoM ne yaha bAta sunii| (Three girls heard this thing.) 24

Page #30
Teaching Point : (i) 'catur' declension saptamaH zrIrAmaH pATha: jyeSTha rAjakumAraH mithaH pragAr3ha bhRzam rAjJI jananI RSiH rAkSasaH yajJaH iS (icch) vivAha svAgatam rAjyam prajJA 30 coomuc purA ayodhyAyAm dazarathaH nRpaH AsIt / tasya catvAraH putrAH Asan - rAmaH lakSmaNaH bharataH zatrughnaH ca / teSu caturSu rAmaH jyeSThaH AsIt / caturNAmeva rAjakumArANAm mithaH pragAr3haH snehaH AsIt / caturaH eva putrAn dRSTvA dazarathaH bhRzam prasIdati sma / dazarathasya tisraH rAjJyaH Asan / tAsu kausalyA rAmasya jananI AsIt / ekadA RSiH vizvAmitraH Agatya dazaratham avadat-"vane rAkSasAH mama yajJam nAzayanti / yajJasya rakSAyai rAmam lakSmaNam ca icchAmi / " dazarathasya AjJayA RSiH tau anayat / tau tatra rAkSasAn nAzayitvA yajJam arakSatam / 25

Page #31
rAmasya vivAhaH sItayA saha abhavat / dazarathasya AjJayA saH vanam agacchat / sItA lakSmaNaH ca api tena saha agacchatAm / tatra rAvaNaH sItAm aharat / sugrIvasya sahAyatayA rAmaH rAvaNam anAzayat / tataH saH ayodhyAm Agacchat / bharataH rAmasya svAgatam akarot tasmai ca rAjyam ayacchat / rAmam nRpam dRSTvA prajA prasannA abhavat / zabdArthAH jyeSTha = sabase bar3A rAjakumAraH navIna = rAjA kA beTA mithaH = Apasa meM pragADha = gaharA, bahuta bhRzam =D atyadhika trAmA rAjJI = rAnImA jananI = mAtA kI (eldest) zAka (prince) (with one another) (thick, a lot of) (very much) (queen) (mother) 175 26

Page #32
RSiH rAkSasaH yajJaH iS (icch) vivAhaH svAgatam rAjyam prajA = RSi 19 hip is f(sage) = rAkSasa vizeSaNAni puM0 jyeSThaH pragADhaH avyayaH mithaH = = blood = = yajJa icchA karanA vivAha svAgata rAjya prajA dhAtuH iS (icch) (2) rUpANi catur (pRSTha 98), rAjJI, jananI, 'nadI' ke samAna (like nadI) (pRSTha 94) strI0 jyeSThA pragADhA abhyAsaH likhitam 3. uttara saMskRta meM dIjie (Answer in Sanskrit) -- (ka) vizvAmitraH dazarathAya kim akathayat ? (kha) rAmaH lakSmaNaH ca yajJam katham arakSatAm ? (ga) bharataH rAmAya kim ayacchat ? (gha) dazarathasya kati putrAH Asan ? (demon) (fire-worship) (to want) (marriage) (welcome) (kingdom) (subject, people) maukhikam 1. rAma Adarza puruSa kyoM kahalAte haiM ? (Why is Rama called the ideal man?) 2. artha batAie (Give meaning) - bhRzam, bhramaraH, bhaS, taruH, kRt, rata / 27 FEA 201701 napuM0 jyeSTham pragADham

Page #33
4. 'catara' zabda ke rUpoM se rikta sthAnoM kI pUrti kIjie (Fill in the blanks with forms of catura)....... devAH , kanyAbhyaH, vAyuyAnAni yuktibhiH ,............ nibandhAnAm, phalebhyaH bAlakAn, dineSu, bAlikAbhyaH 5. saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit) (ka) maiM guruoM kA svAgata karatA hU~ / (I welcome teachers.) (kha) cAra dosta Apasa meM khela rahe haiM / (Four friends are playing with each other.) (ga) una cAroM meM merA choTA bhAI nahIM hai / (My younger brother is not among those four.) (gha) hama svastha bAlaka baneM / (We should become healthy children.) (Ga) sabase bar3e bhAI kA hama cAroM para gaharA prema hai / (The eldest brother has great affection for all four of us.) 28

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Teaching Point:. (i) 'kim, yat, anya-declension aSTamaH jantuzAlA pAThaH jantuzAlA alam vistaraH praveza-patram tAtaH vizAlakAyaH gaNDakaH prathamam vividha-varNa caTakaH svarNa-varNa atIva balayukta mahApaMjarakaH janturAjaH vyavasthA rakSaNam zrAnta anujaH- asmAkam janakaH asmAn atra kimartham Anayat? agrajaH- kim na avagacchasi? jantuzAlA essaa|) anujaH- atra ke jantavaH santi? agrajaH- alam vistareNa, svayameva drakSyasi / Agaccha / prathamam (janakaH praveza-patrANi adhigatya bAlaiH saha gacchati) anujaH- tAta, kaH eSaH vizAlakAyaH? rAdhAH- gaNDakaH eSaH / prathamam etAn vividha-varNAn caTakAn tu pazya / 29

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malities 4 anuja:- pazyAmi / pazya, pazya, tatra jalAzaye haMsAH taranti / re ! saH haMsaH tu svarNa-varNaH ! sundaraH saH / janaka:- bAlAH, krameNa ekam ekam jantum pazyata / eSaH gaNDakaH atIva balayuktaH ! jalasya samIpe eva sadA tiSThati / anuja:- tAta, aham cintayAmi yat tam mArayitum na kaH api samarthaH asti ? agrajaH - kathaM na? tatra mahApaMjarake siMham pazya / saH tu janturAjaH asti / gaNDakaH vA syAt gajaH vA syAt / siMhaH kSaNena eva tam nAzayitum samarthaH asti / rAdhA:- tAta, ye jantavaH atra vasanti, teSAm bhojanasya vyavasthA kasya kAryamasti ? janakaH- tatra pratyekam jantave sevakaH bhavati / saH eva jantoH bhojanasya rakSaNasya ca kAryam karoti / anuja:- tAta, vayam tu zrAntAH smaH / upavizAma / bhojanam kRtvA anyAn jantUn drakSyAmaH / jantuzAlA alam vistaraH // // // = = (te bhojanAya upavizanti ) zabdArthAH cir3iyAghara basa, koI AvazyakatA nahIM vistAra 30 (zoo ) (needless, enough) (explanation)

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// // // // // // // yat // // praveza-patram = TikaTa'1020231 (entry ticket) tAtaH =ii pitA hiodi10FAkA (father)gorynagmopan kaH (kim) = kauna (who) vizAlakAyaH = vizAla zarIra vAlA (one with a big body) gaNDakaH = gaiMDA (rhinoceros) prathamam pahale (firstly-adverb) vivadha-varNa = aneka raMgoM vAlAinai dhe (multi-coloured) caTakaH = cir3iyA (sparrow) svarNa-varNa sone ke raMga vAlA (golden) vIra atIva = bahuta (very)raitenis balayukta balavAna (strong) kaH api koI bhI (anybody) mahApaMjarakaH bar3A piMjarA (big cage) janturAjaH pazuoM kA rAjA (king of animals) kSaNaH kSaNa (moment) jo (whosoever) vyavasthA prabandha (arrangement) rakSaNam rakSA (protection) zrAnta karata = thakA huAgara ki (tired) anya = dUsarA (other) zAna rUpANi kim, yat, anya (pRSTha 96-97) vizeSaNAni puM0 strI0 -kAyaH -kAyA kAkA -varNA -varNam 1591010 -yuktaH -yuktA -yuktam canA zrAntA zrAntama avyayAH alam, prathamam, atIva (diodaspatiore upapada-vibhaktiH 'alam' jaba 'nahIM' yA 'basa' ke artha meM ho to sambandhita zabda meM ktvA yA tumun yA tRtIyA vibhakti AtI hai| ji 313 // -kAyam ) -varNaH zrAntaH

Page #37
If is being used in the sense of 'no' or 'that's all', then the accompanying word gets ktvA, tumun or the tRtIyA vibhakti / abhyAsaH maukhikam 1. strIliMga rUpa batAie (Give the feminine forms)sakalaH, prasiddhaH, sundaraH svarNimaH, zrAntaH / 2. kim, yat aura anya ke rUpa tInoM liMgoM meM sunAie (Decline kim, yat and anya in all the three genders). likhitam 3. yathApRSTa pulliMga rUpa likhie (Give the masculine forms as asked)-- ekavacana dvivacana bahuvacana kim yat anya anya prathamA vibhakti OM tRtIyA vibhakti paMcamI vibhakti saptamI vibhakti TUTS 32 5 4. pATha meM varNita pazuoM ke atirikta aise pA~ca pazuoM ke saMskRta nAma batAie jo cir3iyAghara meM milate hoM / (Name five zoo animals other than the ones mentioned in the lesson). 5. saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit)-- (ka) sahAyatA kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM / (There is no need of help.) (kha) balayukta loga hI deza kI rakSA karate haiN| (Powerful people alone can protect the country.) (ga) dekho, piMjare meM kauna hai ? (Look, who is there in the cage?) (gha) jo thakA huA hai vaha choTA bhAI hai / (The one who is tired is the Fibe FFR FR JOS younger brother.) (Ga) dUsaroM ko bhI khAne kI cIjeM do / (Give eating stuff to others too. Late jee saal

Page #38
ki - jAnI Teaching Point: jAnA (i) cit suffix navamaH nalaH damayantI ca pAThaH AkheTaH lubdha savinayam hitam punaH rAjakumArI paraH guNaH kIrtaya prAsAdaH mugdha rUpam prasRta pari+nI ruciH svayaMvaraH chAyA buddhisaraNimava+tU rahita tadanu sahita puSpa-mAlA kazcit nRpaH AsIt / tasya abhidhAnam nalaH AsIt / ekadA saH AkheTAya vanamagacchat / tatra saH kaMcit haMsam apshyt.| haMsaH svarNa-varNaH AsIt / napasya lubdhAm dRSTim dRSTvA haMsaH tasmai savinayam akathayat-"bhoH nRpa, mAm mA mAraya / aham tava kiJcit hitam kariSyAmi / " nRpaH avadat-"re, tvam kim hitam kariSyasi ?" haMsaH punaH avadat-"vidarbhasya rAjakumArI damayantI atIva sundarI / tasyAH puraH aham tava guNAn kIrtayiSyAmi / " evam kathayitvA saH vidarbha-dezam agacchat / tasmin kAle damayantI prAsAde 22

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viharati sma / svarNa-varNaM haMsam samIpe dRSTvA sA prasannA abhavat / tadA haMsaH nalasya guNAn akIrtayat / damayantI nale mugdhA abhavat / damayantyAH rUpasya kIrtiH sarvatra prasRtA AsIt / kecit devAH api tAm pariNetum avAJchan / param nale tasyAH rucim dRSTvA te asIdan / yadA svayaMvaraH abhavat tadA devAH api nalasya rUpam dhArayitvA tatra Agacchan / svayaMvare anekAn nalAn dRSTvA damayantI vismitA abhavat / tadA kAcit yuktiH tasyAH buddhisaraNim avAtarat yat devAH tu chAyayA rahitAH bhavanti / tadana sA chAyayA sahitam nalam puSpa-mAlayA Arcat / zabdArthAH AkheTa: // lubdha // 11 savinayam hitam zikSA zikAra lAlaca-bharA = namratApUrvaka jamI = bhalAI phira rAjA kI beTI kAma mA // (hunting) (greedy) (humbly) (welfare) (again) (princess) (in front of) (virtue) (narrate) (palace) // rAjakumArI puraH gaNaH kIrtaya prAsAdaH // // JUT // varNana karanA = mahala | kI //

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// || || mugdha rUpam prasRta pari+nI (nay) ruciH svayaMvaraH mohita sundaratA phailI huI vivAha karanA ruci svayaMvara || || ||o, (fascinated) (beauty) (spread) (to marry) (interest) (bridegroomchoosing-ceremony) (surprised) (to understand) (shadow) (without) (after that) (with) (garland) // // // // vismita cakita buddhisaraNim ava+tR = samajha AnA chAyA chAyA rahita rahita tadanu usake bAda sahita ___ sahita puSpa-mAlA phUloM kA hAra dhAtuH kIrya (1) upasarga-yukta-dhAtuH pari+nI (naya) = pariNaya vizeSaNAni // // // puM0 lubdhaH mugdhaH prasRtaH vismitaH rahitaH sahitaH strI0 lubdhA mugdhA prasRtA vismitA rahitA sahitA napuM0 lubdham mugdham prasRtam vismitam rahitam sahitam avyayAH punaH, puraH, savinayam, (tad) anu upapada-vibhaktiH 'rahita', 'sahita'-ina donoM zabdoM se pUrva Ae zabda meM tRtIyA vibhakti lagatI hai| (The word that comes before 'rahita' and 'sahita' takes the tRtIyA vibhakti). 35

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muhAvarA (Idiom)-buddhisaraNim ava+tR abhyAsaH maukhikam 1. nala aura damayantI kI kathA apane zabdoM meM sunAie / (Tell the story of Nala and Damayanti in your own words). 2. pari+nI ke rUpa laT aura luTa meM bolie / (Conjugate pari+nI in laT and lRT). likhitam Mobsna 3. saMskRta meM uttara dIjie (Answer in Sanskrit) (ka) haMsaH nRpAya kim akathayat ? (kha) haMsaH nalAya kim akarot ? (ga) bahUn nalAn dRSTvA damayantI kim acintayat ? (gha) damayantI devAn katham na vAJchati sma ? 4. pratyeka zabda se saMskRta vAkya banAie (Make a Sanskrit sentence with each of the following)-- kazcit, kAcit, kaJcit, kasmaicita, kasyAMcit / 5. saMskata meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit) (ka) kisI vana meM eka zera thA / (In some forest, there lived a lion.) (kha) yaha chAyA kisI bAlaka kI hai / (This shadow is some boy's.).. (ga) usake bAda kucha phala laao| (Bring some fruit after it.) (T) fomentar HITTA ATT DET I (Stay with some intelligent person.) (Ga) koI do muni Ae / (Some two sages came.) ADVE- 36 36 nta

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Teaching Point : (i) anusvAra-saMdhi : dazamaH pAThaH ekA kozI gardabhaH rajakaH vahU rAtri annam karkaTikA dhik tAvat dvAram tathA yathA prAra gardabhasya gItam 37 svaraH rAj AtRpti tADay mRtaprAya kasmiMzcit grAme ekaH gardabhaH AsIt / dine saH rajakasya vastrANi vahati sma / rAtrau ca saH itastataH bhramati sma / kazcit zRgAlaH tasya mitramabhavat / rAtrau tau bhramitvA svaM kAlaM nayataH sma / rAtrau kSetrANi pravizya tau annaM khAdataH smaH / ekadA tau karkaTikAnAM kSetram agacchatAm / tatra kAzcit karkaTikAH khAditvA gardabhaH avadat-" bhoH mitra, samayaH sundaraH / AkAze candraH rAjati / aham ekaM gItaM gAsyAmi / kathaya, kena svareNa gAyAni ?" iti / zRgAlaH avadat - "evaM mA kuru / tava svaram AkarNya kRSakaH atra AgamiSyati AvAM ca tADayiSyati" iti /

Page #43
gardabhaH avadat-"dhik tvAM yat evaM cintayasi" iti / tadA kiJcit cintayitvA zRgAlaH avadat-"tiSTha tAvat, dvAre sthitvA ahaM kRSakaM pazyAmi / tadA tvam AtRpti gAya / " evaM kathayitvA bhRgAlaH bahiH agacchat gardabhaH ca AtRpti agAyat / gardabhasya svaram AkarNya kRSakaH tatra Agacchat gardabham ca laguDena bhRzam tathA atADayat yathA gardabhaH mRtaprAyaH abhavat / gardabhaH rajakaH vah rAtriH annam karkaTikA rAj svaraH tADayU dhik tAvat dvAram AtRpta tathA yathA mRtaprAya dhAtavaH vizeSaNam |||||||||| puM0 mRtaprAyaH = = = = // // // // // vahU (2), rAj (1), tADay (2) |||||||||||| gadhA zabdArthAH dhobI DhonA rAta anna kakar3I camakanA saMgIta kA svara, AvAz2a pITanA dhikkAra to daravAz2A jI bhara kara utanA, vaisA jisase, jaisA mare jaisA strI0 mRtaprAyA 38 (donkey) (washerman) (to carry) (night) (grain) Wang Zhan (cucumber) (to shine) (note, sound) (to beat) (curse) (then) (door) napuM0 mRtaprAyam la (to one's satisfaction) (so much) (that, as) (almost dead)

Page #44
avyayAH dhik, tAvat, tathA, yathA, AtRpti / upapada-vibhaktiH 'dhik' ke yoga meM Ae zabda meM dvitIyA vibhakti hotI hai (The word coming with dhik takes dvitIyA vibhakti). mI hI kAphI roga samAjavAdIkA abhyAsaH / bhADAkINa jaya maukhikam / 1. isa kahAnI se kyA zikSA milatI hai? (What is the moral of this story?) likhitam 2. saMskRta meM uttara dIjie (Answer in Sanskrit)FO (ka) gardabhaH zRgAlaH ca kutra agacchatAm ? . (kha) gardabhaH zRgAlam kim avadat ? (ga) gardabhaM kSetre dRSTvA kRSakaH kim akarot ? 3. sandhi kIjie (Join the words according to Sandhi rules) laguDam pazya, dvAram gaccha, annam khAda, vastram dhAray, evam kRtvA, gardabham ca / 4. sarvanAma se 'cit' pratyaya alaga kIjie (Separate cit from pronouns) kasmizcita, kAzcit, kazcit, kiJcit / 5. saMskRta meM anavAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit) (ka) mUrkha ko dhikkAra hai / (Curse on the fool!) (kha) buddhi-sahita manuSya hI sammAna pAtA hai / (Only an intelligent person gets respect.) (ga) anna kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / (There is no need of grains.) (gha). dhana se rahita maz2adUra duHkhI hotA hai| (A labourer without money gets _distressed.) (Ga) sadA mIThA bolo| (Always speak sweet.) agara mAmA kA nayA kAmAkara _39

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Teaching Point: (i) dIrgha sandhiH (ii) sapta-declension ekAdazaH baddhaH pAThaH mAsaH pUrNimA anantaram paralokaH vimAtA puSTa saMsAraH iti hetu sAdhUdayaH khinna evaMvidha rAgaH virakta azvatthaH varSam tapasyA vicArazuddhiH karmazuddhiH upadezaH sAraH purA nepAla-deze 'zAkya'-jAteH nRpaH 'zuddhodanaH AsIt / vaizAkha-mAsasya pUrNimAyAm tasya ekaH putraH abhavat / saptabhyaH dinebhyaH anantaram tasya jananI paralokamagachat / tadA tasya vimAtA gautamI tamapAlayat |raajkumaarsyaabhidhaanN gautamaH AsIt / parivArasya janAH taM snehena siddhArtham api kathayanti sma / (). jikA ekadA asitaH nAma kazcit vRddhaH RSiH tatrAgacchat / saH bAlakaM dRSTvA prathamam ahasata tataH ca khinnaH abhavat / nRpeNa pRSTaH sa avadat-"eSaHbAlakaH saMsAraM tyaktvA vanaM gamiSyatIti hetoH ahasam / nAha vRddhaH sAdhUdayam drakSyAmIti hetoH khinnaH asmi / " etat AkarNya zuddhodanaH evaMvidhAn upAyAn akarot yaiH gautamasya saMsAre rAgaH bhavet / saH tasya vivAhamapi akarot / param ekasmin dine saH eka vRddham, ekaM 40

Page #46
rUgNam, ekaM zavaM cApazyat / kimahamapi evaM bhaviSyAmIti cintayitvA saH saMsArAt viraktaH abhavat / saH saMsAramatyajat vanaM caagccht| 'gayA' nAma sthAne azvatthasya nIcaiH dvAdaza varSANi tapasyAm Acarat jJAnaM cAvindat / tasmAt kAlAt tasyAbhidhAnaM 'buddhaH' abhavat / ahiMsA, vicArazuddhiH karmazuddhiH ca tasya upadezAnAM sAraH asti / zabdArthAH mAsaH pUrNimA anantaram paralokaH vimAtA-10 pRSTa saMsAraH hetuH sAdhUdayaH khinna evaMvidha rAgaH zavaH virakta azvatthaH varSam tapasyA vicArazaddhiH karmazuddhiH upadezaH sAraH = mahInA = pUrNimA = bAda = paraloka = sautelI mA~ = pUchA huA, = saMsAra = isa (kAraNa) se = kAraNa = sajjana kI unnati = duHkhI = isa prakAra kA = prema = mRta zarIra = vairAgya, prema-hIna = pIpala kA per3a =3 sAla = tapasyA = vicAroM meM pavitratA = kAmoM meM pavitratA = upadeza = nicor3a (month) (full moon night) (after) (the next world) (step mother) (135) (asked) hiroticar (world) (due to this reason) E) (reason) (rise of the holy man) (sad) (of this kind) (attachment) (dead body) (detached) (peepal tree) (year) (penance) (purity in thought) (purity in action) (teaching) (substance)

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rUpamAkAkAhIhI hetu-sAdhu ke samAna, pRSTha 94 vizeSaNAni kA mAmA mAmalA paMgaNamA strI0kasAnA pRSTaH pRSTA pRSTam khinnaH khinnA kI evaMvidhaH evaMvidhA evaMvidham viraktA viraktam up khinnam viraktaH avyayAH anantaram, iti pakAne upapada-vibhaktiH (ka) 'anantaram' ke yoga meM Ae zabda meM paJcamI vibhakti (The word that comes with anantaram takes paJcamI vibhakti). (kha) kAraNa batAne ke lie hetu' zabda meM paJcamI vibhakti (For expressing reason,hetu takes paJcamI vibhakti).. (ga) avadhi batAne ke lie samaya-vAcaka zabda meM dvitIyA vibhakti (For expressing duration, time words take dvitIyA vibhakti). vizeSaH 'iti' ke do arth| dekhie pATha do tathA pATha gyAraha (iti has two meanings. See Lesson No. 2 and 11). abhyAsaH maukhikam 1. sandhi-viccheda kIjie (Disjoin the following) rAjakumArasyAbhidhAnam, taM snehena, tatrAgacchat, sAdhUdayaH, gamiSyatIti, drakSyAmIti, cApazyat, vanaM cAgacchat / 2. bhagavAna buddha ke jIvana ke bAre meM kucha batAie / (Say a few sentences about the life of Lord Buddha).

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likhitam 3. sandhi kIjie (Join the following)-- guru + upadezaH, sAdhu+uktiH, prabhu+upavanam, nadI+irAvatI, gacchati+iti, iti+itastataH, ahiMsA+asti, adya+anujaH, rAga + ariH / 4. saMskRta meM uttara dIjie (Answer in Sanskrit)-- (ka) gautamasya janakasyAbhidhAnaM kimAsIt ? (kha) gautamaM dRSTvA asitaH kimakarot ? gautamaH saMsArAt viraktaH kathamabhavat ? (gha) buddhasya upadezAnAM sAraH kaH asti ? 5. saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit)-- (ka) manuSya ke lie vicArazuddhi Avazyaka hai / (Purity of thought is necessary for a human being.) (kha) isa prakAra ke kAma mata karo / ( Do not do deeds of this kind.) (ga) sAta mahIne ke bAda kyA hogA ? (What will happen after seven months?) (gha) maiM sAta dina kAzmIra meM rahA / (I stayed in Kashmir for seven days.) (Ga) svAsthya ke kAraNa maiM vahA~ gayA / ( I went there for health reasons.) O 43

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Teaching Point : - (i) guNa saMdhiH Peniwoliotsdh.nioDgakimI dvAdazaH mUSakaH maharSiHca pAThaH Densio maharSiH upa+gam (gacch) bhIta nizzaMka ittham nizzvasita sammukham prArthanA mRgendraH krameNa mahonmatta kadAcit pUrvam IdRza zappha kazcit mUSakaH AsIt / saH viDAlAt trasyati sma / saH maharSim upAgacchat akathayat ca-eSaH viDAlaH mAM khAditum udytH| mAM rksseti| maharSiH avadat-tvamapi viDAlaH bhaveti / tataH saH api viDAlaH abhavat / tadA kukkuraM dRSTvA saH atrasyat / punaH maharSim upagatya saH avadat-"maharSe, kukkurAt bhItaH asmi iti / " maharSiH punaH akathayat-"tvamapi kukkaraH bhava / " tadA saH viDAlaH kukkaraH abhavat / kAnicit dinAni saH itastataH nizzaMkaH bhUtvA abhramat / ekadA saH kaJcit siMhamapazyat / siMhAta bhItaH saH ittham adhAvata yat saH nizzvasitaH iva bhUtvA maharSeH sammukhaM prArthanAmakarot-"maharSe, siMhaH mAM khAditumicchatIti / " 44

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tadA maharSiH tam siMhamakarot / saH siMhaH vane sarvatra abhramat / sarve mRgAH tam anaman / saH mRgendraH abhavat / krameNa saH mahonmattaH abhavat / ekasmin dine maharSi dRSTvA acintayat-"kadAcit eSaH mAM nindet yat eSaH siMhaH pUrvaM mUSakaH AsIt / tadA kathaM na etameva nAzayeyam" iti / ____evaM cintayitvA saH maharSi prati acalat / tasya siMhasya IdRzaM vicAram avagatya maharSiH tam azapat "punaH mUSakaH bhava" tadA saH siMhaH punaH mUSakaH abhavat / zabdArthAH in maharSi upa+gam (gacch) udyata bhIta nizzaMka ittham nizzvasita sammukham prArthanA = mahAn RSi = pAsa jAnAmikA = taiyAra nIpi = DarA huA = niDara = isa prakAra = phUle hue sA~sa vAlA (great sage) (to go near) (ready) (frightened) (fearless) (thus) (one out of breath) (in front of) (request) = sAmane = prArthanA // 45

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// // mRgendraH krameNa mahonmatta kadAcit // = pazuoM kA rAjA = dhIre-dhIre = bar3A abhimAnI = zAyada = pahale = isa prakAra kA = vicAra =3D zApa denA (king of animals) (gradually) (very proud) (perhaps) (earlier) (of this kind) (thought, idea) (to curse) pUrvam IdRza // // / vicAraH zap dhAtuH zap (2) upasarga-yukta-dhAtuH upa+gam (gacch) vizeSaNAni strI0 udyatA napuM0 udyatammA udyataH bhItaH bhItA bhItam nizzaMkaH nizzvasitaH unmattaH IdRzaH nizzaMkA nizzvasitA unmattA IdRzI nizzaMkam nizzvasitam unmattama IdRzam avyayAH ittham, sammukham, krameNa, kadAcit upapada-vibhaktiH jisase Dara lage, usake vAcaka zabda meM paJcamI vibhakti (The word expressing the source of fear takes paJcamI vibhakti). vizeSaH ina zabdoM ke do-do artha haiM / dhyAna dIjie (Note the following words. They have two meanings each)-- krameNa = bArI-bArI, dhIre-dhIre (by turns, gradually) kadAcit = kabhI, zAyada (sometime, perhaps) 46

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abhyAsaH maukhikam 1. cUhe aura RSi kI kahAnI apane zabdoM meM sunAie (Narrate the story of The Mouse and the Sage in your own words). 2. 'zapa' ke rUpa vidhiliG meM bolie (Conjugate 'zap' in vidhiliG) likhitam 3. sandhiccheda kIjie (Disjoin) maharSiH upAgacchat, mahonmattaH, mRgendraH, vidyAlayaH, upendraH, narendraH / 4. saMskRta meM uttara dIjie (Answer in Sanskrit) (ka) viDAlaH prathamam kasmAt trasyati sma ? (kha) viDAlaH kukkuraH katham abhavat ? (ga) siMhaH bhUtvA saH kim acintayat ? (gha) maharSiH siMhasya vicAram avagatya kim akarota ? 5. saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit) (ka) bAlaka kutte se nahIM DarA / (The child did not fear the dog.) (kha) pratyeka bAlaka niDara bane / (Every child should become fearless.) (ga) bUr3he kA sA~sa phUlA huA thA / (The old man was out of breath.) (gha) roz2I ke lie isa prakAra na soco / (For livelihood, do not think this way.) (Ga) usa AdamI ko dhikkAra hai jo isa prakAra socatA hai| (Curse on the person who thinks like this.) MAYAN

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Teaching Point : (i) vRddhi sandhiH trayodazaH pAThaH (king ( AcAryaH cANakyaH vAstavya kRSNavarNa sthUlauSTha dIrghazikha zuSkakeza kadAkAra pratizodha: kutracit AkRti dRDhanizcaya (mojiCI) prANa (Jioledasa miyowan PFIFF S saH bhAratIye itihAse AcAryasya cANakyasya nAma prasiddham asti / maurya - candraguptasya guruH AsIt / saH takSazilAyAH vAstavyaH AsIt / tatraiva takSazilA vizvavidyAlaye tasya zikSA abhavat / kRSNavarNaH, sthUlauSThaH, dIrghazikhaH, zuSkakezaH saH brAhmaNaH atIva kadAkAraH AsIt / 48 ekadA magadha-dezasya nRpaH nandaH tamanindat / etayA nindayA saH kruddhaH abhavat pratizodhAya ca nizcayamakarot / saH sarvatra bhUmau abhramat / kutracit saH ekaM bAlakamapazyat yaH AkRtyA vIraH dRDhanizcayaH cAsIt / tasya nAma candraguptaH AsIt / cANakyaH taM dhyAnenApazyat / taM kuzalam avagatya saH taM takSazilAm

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anayat / tatra rAjanIteH zikSAm adhigatya saH bAlakaH tathaiva yogyaH abhavat yathA tasya guruH taM vAJchati sma / tau militvaikAM senAm aracayatAm / cANakyasya prazikSaNam adhigatya sA senA kuzalA abhavat / magadha-deze AkramaNaM kRtvA sA senA nandam anAzayat / candraguptaH magadhadezasya nRpaH abhavat / AcAryaH cANakyaH kuzalaH rAjanItijJaH aasiit| saH 'artha-zAstram' nAma rAjanIteH grantham alikhat / rAjanItijJAH rAjanIteH chAtrAH ca adyApi taM granthaM paThanti / zabdArthAH DA bhAratIya itihAsaH vAstavya vizvavidyAlayaH zikSA kRSNa varNa sthUlauSTha dIrghazikhaH = bhAratIya = itihAsa = nivAsI = yUnivarsiTI = zikSA = kAle raMga vAlA = moTe hoMTha vAlA = lambI coTI vAlA // (Indian) (history) (inhabitant) (university) (education) (black-coloured) (thick-lipped) (with a long lock of hair on the head) // // // 492

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// // // // // // "zuSkakezaH gayA - sUkhe bAloM vAlA mAga (dry-haired) kadAkAraH = badasUrata (ugly) kruddha = krodhita (angry) pratizodhaH = badalA (revenge) nizcaya = irAdA (determination) kutracit = kahIM (somewhere) AkRtiH = zakla (face) dRDhanizcaya = pakke irAde vAlA (a person with determination) kuzala = kazala (able, skilful) rAjanItiH = rAjanIti (politics) senA = senA (army) rAjanItijJa = rAjanIti jAnane vAlA (knower of politics) granthaH 1= pustaka paNa (treatise, book), zAvizeSaNAni strI0 napuM0 bhAratIyaH bhAratIyA bhAratIyam vAstavyaH vAstavyA vAstavyam -varNaH -varNA -varNam -oSThaH -oSThA -zikhaH -zikhA -zikham _kezava -kezA kadAkAraH kadAkArA kadAkAram kruddhaH kruddhA nizcayaH -nizcayA -nizcayam kuzalaH kuzalA kuzalam rAjanItijJaH rAjanItijJA rAjanItijJam 0 -oSTham -kezam avyayaH kutracit 50

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abhyAsaH maukhikam Thad wor 1. ucita vibhakti lagAie (Provide the appropriate vibhakti) - (kRSNavarNa) mitrANi, ( kadAkAra) narau (zuSkakeza) bAlikA, (bhAratIya) mahApuruSAH (kuzala) saucikaH, (rAjanItijJa) janAnAm 2. artha batAie (Give meanings)-- kutra, kutracit, rAjanItiH, rAjanItijJaH, vAstavyaH, AkRtiH / likhitam 3. sandhiccheda kIjie (Disjoin)-- tatraiva, sthUlauSThaH, sarvatraiva, adyaiva, rAjendraH 4. saMdhi kIjie (Join) atra+eva, deva + RSiH, mahA+auSadham, mahA+utsavaH 5. saMskRta meM uttara dIjie (Answer in Sanskrit) -- ka AcAryaH cANakyaH kaH AsIt ? (kha) cANakyaH nandaM nAzayituM kimartham acintayat ? (ga) cANakyaH nandaM nAzayituM kimakarot ? (gha) cANakyaH kim pustakam alikhat ? phrI emI 51 FPW FEVE mI 6. saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit ) - (ka) AcArya cANakya kAle raMga ke the / ( Acharya Chanakya had a black complexion.) (kha) unhoMne saba jagaha ghUma kara candragupta ko paayaa| (He went around and found Chandragupta.) (ga) guru aura ziSya dRr3ha nizcaya vAle the / (The teacher and the disciple were persons of strong determination.) (gha) unhoMne milakara eka senA banAI / (They together made an army.)

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caturdazaH zlokAH pAThaH udyamaH sidh (sidhya) manorathaH nahi alasaH kutaH avidya adhana vacana-dvayam paropakAraH puNyam pApam parapIDanam vANI rasavatI zramavatI kriyA lakSmIH dAnavatI jIvitam dAnam kaNThaH zrotram zAstram prayojanam / PITALIAN udyamenaiva sidhyanti kAryANi na manorathaiH / nahi suptasya siMhasya pravizanti mukhe mRgAH // 1 // alasasya kutaH vidyA, avidyasya kutaH dhanam / adhanasya kutaH mitram, amitrasya kutaH sukham // 2 // aSTAdaza purANeSu, vyAsasya vacana-dvayam / paropakAraH puNyAya pApAya parapIDanam // 3 // vANI rasavatI yasya, yasya zramavatI kriyA / lakSmIH dAnavatI yasya, saphalam tasya jIvitam // 4 // hastasya bhUSaNam dAnam, satyam kaNThasya bhUSaNam / zrotrasyabhUSaNam zAstram,bhUSaNaiHkiprayojanam // 5 // 52

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zabdArthAH chgsoxemo // // // nahi // // // udyamaH = parizrama (hard work) sidh (sidhya) = siddha honA (to get done) manorathaH = icchA (wish) = nahIM (not) alasa = AlasI (lazy) kutaH 3 kahA~ (where) avidya = vidyA-hIna (uneducated) adhana = dhana-hIna (one without wealth) vacana-dvayam = do zabda (two words) kA paropakAraH = dUsaroM kI bhalAI (good of others) puNyam = puNya (religious merit) pApam = pApa (sin) parapIDanam = dUsaroM ko satAnA (bothering others) vANI =. bolanA (speech) rasavatI = miThAsa se bharI (full of sweetness) zramavatI = parizrama se pUrNa (full of hardwork) kriyA = kAma (action) lakSmIH = dhana, dhana kI devI (wealth, goddess of wealth) dAnavatI = dAna yukta (full of charity) jIvitam = jIvana (life) -PEmamA dAnam = denA, dAna (giving, charity) kaNThaH = galA (throat) ala zrotram kAna (ear) vimAnAmA zAstram = zAstra (scripture) prayojanam = uddezya (purpose) o oob dhAtuH sidh (sidhy) (2) kavi-RE) rUpANi lakSmI:-'nadI ke samAna (like nadI) (pRSTha 94) noTa-prathamA vibhakti ekavacana meM lakSmI' meM visarga hai parantu 'nadI' meM nahIM / isa antara ke atirikta zeSa rUpa samAna haiM (The declension of lakSmI is like nadI with // // // // // // / 53

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alasam adhanam one exception : prathama vi0 Singular has visarga) vizeSaNAni puM0 strI napuM0 alasaHenob alasA avidyaH avidyA avidyam adhanaH adhanA avyayaH nahi, kutaH abhyAsaH maukhikam 1. 'kutaH' zabda ke do artha haiM / nimnalikhita vAkyoM ko par3ha kara donoM artha DhUMDhiye (kutaH has two different meanings. Read the following and find out)-- bAlakaH kutaH Agacchati ? avidyasya kutaH dhanam ? 2. pu~lliga, strIliMga, napuMsakaliMga zabda alaga-alaga kIjie (Separate words of three genders) udyamaH, manorathaH, adhanA, prayojanam, paropakAraH, puNyam, pApama, vANI, jIvitam, zrotram, zAstram, avidyaH, kaNThaH / likhitam 3. saMskRta meM uttara dIjie (Answer in Sanskrit) (ka) kAryANi kathaM sidhyanti ? (kha) sukham kaH vindati ? / (ga) vyAsasya vacana-dvayama kim asti ? (gha) kasya jIvitaM saphalam ? (Ga) kaNThasya bhUSaNaM kim asti ? 4. saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit)(ka) saMsAra meM AlasI kabhI unnati nahIM krtaa| (In the world, a lazy person does not progress.) (kha) yaha dUsarA lar3akA kauna hai ? (Who is this second boy?) (ga) dhana-hIna kA jIvana saphala nahIM hotA / (The life of a person without money is not successful.) (gha) zAstroM kA prayojana paropakAra hai / (The purpose of scriptures is to do good to others.) (Ga) hamArI vANI sadaiva rasavatI ho / (Let our speech be always sweet!) 54

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Teaching Point: ; (i) bhagavat-declension yA eNi upAya parma paJcadazaH gItAyAH upadezaH pAThaH yuddhabhUmiH sam+vad (saMvad) bhagavat vidyAvat cApaH yuddhavelA dhanuSmat sAmpratam nizcayavat AtmA jIrNa navIna bhAgyavat niSkAma-bhAvanA arthaH (kurukSetrasya yuddhabhUmiH / kRSNaH arjunaH ca saMvadataH) arjunaH- bhagavan ! aham etAn bandhUna nAzayitam necchaami| tatra vidyAvantaH 1901 AcAryAH api tiSThanti / aham tAn kathaM mArayeyam ? (iti kathayitvA arjunaH cApaM bANaM ca kSipati) kRSNa:- eSA yuddhavelA asti / eSA durbalatA dhanuSmati tvayi na sAmpratam / uttiSTha / yuddhAya nizcayavAn bhava ! arjunaH- saH bhISmaH saH ca droNaH / tau pUjanIyau AcAryoM / te kauravAH api asmAkaM bandhavaH / rAjyasya kRte vayaM tAn kathaM nAzayema ?. kRSNa:- bho arjuna, AtmA amaraH asti / AtmA kadApi na nazyati / yathA naraH jIrNAni vastrANi tyajati, navInAni ca dhArayati, tathaiva AtmA api jIrNAni zarIrANi tyajati, navInAni ca dhArayati / arjuna, uttiSTha ! 55

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bhAgyavantaH kSatriyAH eva IdRzaM yuddhaM vindanti / etena tava kIrtiH sarvatra prasariSyati / arjunaH- yadi ahaM kasyacit api prANAn harAmi, tadA pApaM vindAmi / kRSNaH - niSkAma bhAvanayA yadi tvaM kAryaM kariSyasi tadA pApaM na vediSyasi / niSkAma bhAvanAyAH eSaH arthaH yat kAryaM tu kuru paraM tasya phalaM mA iccha / (iti AkarNya arjunaH yuddhAya uttiSThati ) yuddhabhUmiH sam+vad (saMvad) bhagavat vidyAvat cApaH yuddhavelA durbalatA - dhanuSmat sAmpratam nizcayavat pUjanIya = |||||||||||||||||||||| = = = zabdArthAH yuddha kA maidAna bAtacIta karanA bhagavAn vidvAna dhanuSa yuddha kA samaya kamaz2orI dhanuSadhArI = ucita = nizcaya-yukta pUjya 56 PABOR (battle-field) (to talk to each other) (God) (learned person) una (bow) (time of war) (weakness) (archer) (proper) (determined) Taps (respectable)

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jIrNa lie (for) kimAna AtmA AtmA (soul) tAkA amaraH = amara (jo naSTa na ho) (immortal) = phaTA hue (torn) navIna = nayA (new) bhAgyavat = bhAgyavAn (lucky) niSkAma-bhAvanA = phala-kAmanA se rahita / (without desire for the fruit) arthaH -1 = matalaba stolenery (meaning) nAzika yatAka) upasargayukta-dhAtu: sam+vad (saMvad) (1) Siberint rUpANi bhagavat vidyAvat, dhanuSmat, nizcayavata, bhAgyavat (pRSTha 94-95) vizeSaNAni ravi kima paM0 strI0 napuMorobagina -vatI vatsIniyA (6) jIrNaH jIrNA jIrNam navIna navInA navInam avyayAH sAmpratam, kRte -vat abhyAsaH maukhika 1. do bAlaka milakara isa pATha ko nATaka ke rUpa meM prastuta kareM (Two children may role-play it together). 2. ninnalikhita zabdoM ke artha batAie (Give meanings of the following) cApaH, asAmpratam, yathA, tap, yathAzakti, rAjJI / likhitam 3. nirdiSTa vibhakti ke rUpa sAmane likhie (Give forms in front as asked) bhagavat (dvitIyA) dhanuSmat (caturthI)

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bhAgyavat (SaSThI) vidyAvat (tRtIyA) 4. saMskRta meM uttara dIjie (Answer in Sanskrit)-- (ka) kRSNa : arjunaM kutra upAdizat ? (kha) arjunaH kRSNAya kim akathayat ? (ga) kRSNasya upadezaH kaH asti ? (gha) niSkAma bhAvanAyAH kaH arthaH asti ? 5. saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit)-- (ka) bhagavAn kRSNa ke upadeza gItA meM haiM / (Lord Krishna's teachings are in the Gita.) (kha) vidvAna ke lie yaha anucita hai / (This is inappropriate for a scholar.) (ga) AtmA nayA zarIra dhAraNa karatA hai / (Soul adopts a new body.) (gha) bhagavatI durgA kI pUjA pApoM ko naSTa karatI hai / (Worship of goddess Durga destroys sins.) (Ga) bhAgyavAlI striyA~ hI kIrti pAtI haiM / ( Fortunate women alone earn Te fame.) 1000 SER 58 kumA 300 Siq-alon

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Teaching Point: -tara,-tama suffixes SoDazaH svadeza-paricayaH pAThaH dRDha mAtRbhUmiH pitRbhUmiH puNyabhUmiH karmabhUmiH adhika saMkalpaH paricayaH nimnalikhita rASTriya -dhvajaH trivarNaH cihnam vAkyam pazuH khelaH kAra bhAratam asmabhyam svargAt api priyataram / atraiva uSitvA vayaM jIvanasya sarva sukham vindAmaH / bhAratasyaiva nadInAM jalaM pItvA, bhAratasyaiva kSetrANAm annaM khAditvA asmAkaM zarIrANi dRDha-tarANi abhavan / bhAratameva asmAkaM mAtRbhUmiH, pitRbhUmiH, puNyabhUmiH, karmabhUmiH cAsti / bhAratasya unnatyai eva asmAkaM samayasya dhanasya ca adhikatamaH upayogaH bhavet iti asmAkaM saMkalpaH / sarveSu deveSu bhAratam eva uccatamaH devaH / rASTradevaH bhava / / bhAratasya paricayAya nimnalikhitaM jJAnam Avazyakamarita ga 1. rASTriya-dhvajaH - trivarNaH 2. rASTriya-gItam - . jana gaNa mana adhinAyaka jaya he 3. rASTriya-cihnam - trayaH siMhAH 4. rASTriya-vAkyam - satyameva jayate nAnRtam 59

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5. rASTriya khagaH 6. rASTriya pazuH 7. rASTriya khelaH rASTriya puSpam jana-gaNa-mana adhinAyaka jaya he, bhArata bhAgya vidhAtA / paMjAba sindhu gujarAta marAThA drAvir3a utkala baMga, vindhya himAcala yamunA gaMgA ucchala jaladhitaraMga, tava zubha nAme jAge, tava zubha AziSa mA~ge, gAhe tava jaya gAthA / jana-gaNa-maMgaladAyaka jaya he. bhArata bhAgya vidhAtA / jaya he jaya he jaya he| jaya jaya jaya jaya he, bhArata bhAgya vidhAtA / dRDha mAtRbhUmi pitRbhUmiH puNyabhUmi karmabhUmiH adhika saMkalpa ucca rASTradevaH paricayaH nimnalikhita eteSAm adhikataraM jJAnaM vayaM vindAma / buddhimattarAH janAH eva svasya dezasya sevAM kartuM samarthAH bhavanti / = maz2abUta |||||||| || || || || || = = = = mayUraH siMha: haoNkI kamalam = karmabhUmi zabdArthAH mAtRbhUmi pitRbhUmi pavitra bhUmi z2yAdA pakkA irAdA U~cA (high) rASTra ko devatA mAnane vAlA (one who regards the nation as 'god) paricaya = nIce likhA kura 60 (strong) OTH (motherland) (fatherland) (sacred land) (land of actions) (more) (determination) (introduction, basic information) (undermentioned) Fy

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|| || || || || || rASTriya = rASTrIya dizA zivacI (national) kADI ) dhvjH| 101 b = jhaNDA ,owt usdi (flag)roMA) trivarNaH = tiraMgA 10 hi(tri-coloured) cihnam nizAna (emblem) vAkyam vAkya (sentence) pazuH = pazu (animal) khelaH = khela Indanserius (game) buddhimat = buddhimAn (wise) noTa-satyameva jayate nAnRtam (satyam eva jayate na anRtam) = saca hI jItatA hai, jhUTha nahIM / isa vAkya meM prayukta 'jayate' RSiyoM dvArA prayoga hone ke kAraNa ThIka mAna liyA gayA hai / vaise 'ji' dhAtu kA zuddha rUpa 'jayati' banatA hai| jayate in (satyameva jayate is considered correct because it was used by sages. However, the grammatical form in classical Sanskrit is 'jayati' vizeSaNAni ipaMgA-strI. giranAra dRDhaHotatsinger daDhA NotlairiwodaDhama 101 vA adhikaH adhikA adhikam Ssg nirbiw uccaH mA uccAraka uccam () rASTradevaH rASTradevAsa rASTradevam -likhitaH ka-likhitAbATa -likhitam) rASTriyaH rASTriyA - rASTriyam) trivarNaH trivarNA ka trivarNam / -tara, -tama (intens2 oni atsientsil) elo E E bhASA dRDhataraH dRDhatamaH dRDhatamA napuM0dRDham / dRDhatamam isI prakAra -tara, -tama ko anya vizeSaNoM meM bhI jodd'ie| varibbndATE upapada-vibhaktiH (i) do kI tulanA meM, jisase tulanA kI jAe, usameM paJcamI vibhakti AtI hai| Inb (Between two, the word for the one being compared with gets DO, paJcamI vibhakti puM0strI0 dRDhaH tIsarA dRDhatarA mAtA dRDhataram

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(ii) do se adhika kI tulanA meM, jisase tulanA kI jAe, usameM SaSThI yA saptamI vibhakti AtI hai (Among more than two, the word for those being compared with gets SaSThI or saptamI vibhakti). abhyAsaH maukhikam 1. saMskRta meM uttara dIjie (Answer in Sanskrit) (ka) rASTriyaH khelaH kaH asti ? (kha) rASTriyaH pazuH kaH asti ? (ga) rASTriya puSpaM kim asti ? (gha) rASTriya vAkyaM kim asti ? 2. 'zabdoM kA artha batAie (Give meanings)trivarNaH, karmabhUmiH, dhvajaH, ittham, evaMvidhaH divoH likhitam 3. koSTha meM die. zabdoM meM paMcamI, SaSThI yA saptamI meM se vibhakti lagAie (Provide paJcamI, SaSThI or saptamI vi0 whichever is appropriate for the words within parenthesis) kamalam sundaratamam / (etat) (khaga) mayUraH sundaratamaH / (deza)za bhAratam sundaratamam / gItA uccatamA / (rAma) gaNa kRSNaH buddhimattaraH / 4. saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit)(ka) usake zarIra se merA zarIra adhika maz2abUta hai / (My body is stronger than his.) (kha) bhAratIya kheloM meM kabaDDI sabase prasiddha hai| (In Indian games, Kabaddi is the most well-known.) PRG (ga) isa ghor3e se merA ghor3A jyAdA tez2a hai / (My horse is faster than this horse.) (gha) yaha bAlaka usase z2yAdA buddhimAn hai / (This boy is more intelligent . than that.) (puSpa) (pustaka)

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Teaching Point : (ta) sarva aneka-declension saptadazaH saMskRta-bhASA / pAThaH bhASA prAcIna sAhityam varjay yadyapi tathApi poSaya zabdaH likhita dhArmika darzanam kathA vijJAnam vaidyakam kAvyam kRtikAraH mUni sthApaya veda Pleh purANa saMskRtam prAcInatamA bhASA asti / saMskRtasya sAhityamapi saMsAre sarveSAM sAhityAnAM prAcInatamam asti / dakSiNa-bhAratasya catasraH bhASAH varjayitvA sarvAsAM bhAratIyAnAM bhASANAM jananI saMskRtameva asti / yadyapi tamila-telagu-kannaDa-malayAlam-bhASANAM na sA jananI paraM tathApi saMskRtena tAH poSitAH / tAsu sarvAsu bhASAsu anekAn saMskRta-zabdAn pazyAmaH / saMskRte likhitAH vedAH, upaniSadaH, purANAni ca hindUnAm aneke dhArmikAH granthAH santi / vedAH catvAraH santi-RgvedaH, yajurvedaH, sAmavedaH, atharvavedaH ca / saMskRte eva vAlmIkeH rAmAyaNam vedavyAsasya mahAbhArataM cApi pazyAmaH / gItA mahAbhAratasyaiva ekam aMgamasti / ailersithin pune 63

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saMskRte darzana - sAhityasya, kathA-sAhityasya, vijJAna-sAhityasya vaidyakasAhityasya ca aneke granthAH santi / bhArate aneke kavayaH abhavan ye nATakAni kAvyAni ca saMskRta bhASAyAM alikhan / bhAsaH, kAlidAsaH, bANabhaTTaH, harSaH, bhavabhUtiH, daNDI, bhAraviH, mAghaH, zUdrakaH, vizAkhadattaH, jayadevaH, viSNuzarmA ca aneke kRtikArAH saMskRtaM sarveSAM sAhityAnAM mUrdhina asthApayan / bhASA prAcIna sAhityam varjaya yadyapi tathApi poSay 'zabda: likhita dhArmika Ru FIRST UTE || || | || || = bhASA = purAnA = sAhitya = chor3anA bezaka to bhI -zabdArthAH = = zabda pada ka = puSTa karanA kA likhA huA dhArmika 64 lIvara (language) SITE Sanskar (old) TH(literature) ph-win (excepting) (although) (even then) (to nourish) (word) (written) (religious) maka minAra,

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vijJAnam vaidyakam darzanam = darzana ejanAlaka (philosophy) (5) kathA = kahAnI kinANA (b (story) (5) = vijJAna miMka (science) = cikitsA vijJAna (medical science) kAvyam = kAvyakoDA (ae(poetry) kRtikAraH = lekhaka EPT (author) : mUni sthApay sabase Upara sthApita karanA (to establish at the top) brow dhAtuH varjaya (1) poSay (1) prazAsaka rUpANi sarva, aneka-kim ke sAmAna (pRSTha 96-97) mAra kA kahanA 101stormssuezAkamA batAyA kimA ) vizeSaNANi paM . strI0 napaMgAjI (1) prAcInaH prAcInA prAcInam likhitaH likhitA likhitam I dhArmikaH dhArmikI dhArmikam avyayAH yadyapi, tathApi phoramakA zaMkAtikA muhAvarA (Idiom)- mUni sthApaya abhyAsaH maukhikam 1. bhArata meM bolI jAne vAlI dasa bhASAoM ke nAma batAie (Name ten languages spoken in India). 2. artha batAie (Give meanings) kRtikAraH, vaidyakam, kathAkAraH, kutaH, vijJAnam, manorathaH / likhitam / 3. koSThaka meM die gae zabdoM meM ucita vibhakti lagAie (Provide appropriate vibhakti to words within parenthesis) 65

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(ka) saMskRta-sAhityaM-(sarva) sAhityAnAM prAcInatamam / (kha) saMskRtam eva-(sarva) bhASANAM jananI asti / (ga) kAlidAsasya-(sarva) kAvyAni saMskRte eva / (gha) saMskRtasya-(aneka) zabdAH bhAratIya-bhASAsu santi / (Ga) saMskRte likhitAni-(aneka) nATakAni santi / (ca) bhArate-(aneka) bhASAH santi / 4. vibhakti aura vacana batAie (Tell the vibhakti and number in each word) hindUnAm, sarve, anekAsa, sAhityasya, anekAbhiH, sarvasyai / 5. saMskRta meM anavAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit) (ka) saMskRta eka prAcIna bhASA hai / (Sanskrit is an old language.). (kha) yaha bhASA bhAratIya bhASAoM kI jananI hai / (This language is mother of Indian languages.) sA(iga) kAlidAsa saba lekhakoM se Upara haiN| (Kalidas is the best of all samasta writers.) (gha) gItA mahAbhArata kA eka aMga hai / (The Gita is a part of the Mahabha samaya rata.) (Ga) aneka nATakoM aura kAvyoM ko hama par3hate haiM aura par3heMge / (We read and will read many plays and poetical compositions.) tAjA 2egsuginal aisingi OTSCriwa itdiv 66

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Teaching Point: (i) yaN-sandhiH pAThaH aSTAdazaH - ramezasya-janmadivasaH jArITERY pratIkSA upahAraH bahumUlya AyuSmat karaH kAryakramaH satyam dattadhyAna pazcAt karatala-dhvaniH AnandaH divasa udarastha miSTAnnam prasannamukha rameza:- svAgatam ! svAgatam ! priyANi mitrANi, Agacchata / yuSmAkameva pratIkSAyAm ahamatra sthitH| devendraH- eSaH mama upahAraH / svIkuru / / (ramezaH upahAraM svIkaroti / anyAnyapi mitrANi upahArAn yacchanti / tAnyapi mAmalA ramezaH svIkaroti) ramezaH- bahumUlyAH ete upahArAH / prANebhyaH api mama priyatarAH ! upaviza ! upaviza! vAma (ramezasya janakaH pravizati) janakaH- rameza ! diSTyA vardhase / AyuSmAn bhava ! vidyAvAn bhava ! (ramezasya mitrANyapi uttiSThanti janakaM ca karAbhyAM namanti) 67

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janakaH- AyuSmantaH bhavata / upavizata ! pAlInatama vivekaH- rameza, adya kaH kAryakramaH ? ta basti rameza:- yUyam sarve nRtyata gAyata ca / eSaH eva kAryakramaH / 07 (sarve hasanti) | pradIpa:- rameza, tvaM tu upahasasi / param ahaM satyameva gAtum icchAmi / kiM gAyAni ? rameza:- alaM pRSTvA / yathecchaM gAya / (pradIpaH gAyati / sarve dattadhyAnAH tam AkarNayanti / gItasya pazcAt sarve karatala-dhvani kurvanti) PANDA 097 amaraH- adya tu kazcit nRtyatu api / Anandasya eSaH divsH| pradIpama atha kim ! Agacchata, vayaM sarve eva nartiSyAmaH / rAnA ra (sarve nRtyanti, gAyanti hasanti ca) rameza:- zrAntAH yUyaM sarve / adhunA Agacchata / etAni miSTAnnAnyapi udarasthAni kurut| (prasannamukhAni mitrANi Agacchanti miSTAnAni ca AtRpti khAdanti / ) pratIkSA upahAraH kI zabdArthAH STii ! intaz2Ara ma gaDa (wait) ) = tohaphA (gift)

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(truly) // // // bahumUlya = bahuta kImatI (valuable) diSTyA vardhase = badhAI ho kAma (congratulations) AyuSmat = dIrghAyu (having a long life) karaH = hAtha (hand) kAryakramaH = kAryakrama, progrAmalA (programme) satyam = sacamuca kA yatheccham NApA = icchAnusAra vAma (as much as you want) dattadhyAnaH sAyana = dhyAna dekara (attentive) nAnI pazcAt (90RLbAda meM DIoterda (after) karatala-dhvaniH = tAlI kI AvAz2a (clapping) +kA AnandaH Ananda (happiness) divasaH = dina tilA ki (day) kiraNa udarastha bha = peTa meM DAlanA : (swallow) miSTAnnam = miThAI (sweet, candy) prasannamukha prasanna mukha vAlA (one with a happy face) vizeSaNAni strI0/abroat bahumUlyaH tonsbo bahamalyAmarioDI bahumUlyam AyuSmAn 190 AyuSmatI AyuSmat dattadhyAnaH dattadhyAnA dattadhyAnam ra udarasthaH / udarasthA udarastham -prasannamukhaH prasannamukhA prasannamukham avyayAH satyam, pazcAt upapada-vibhaktiH pazcAt' ke yoga meM jo zabda AtA hai, usameM SaSThI vibhakti lagatI hai (The word accompanying pazcAt gets the SaSThI vibhakti) muhAvarA (Idiom) diSTyA vardhase vizeSaH - satyam (saMjJA ke rUpa meM) (as a noun) = saca (truth) (kriyAvizeSaNa ke rUpa meM) (as an adverb) = sacamuca (truly) napa0 6907

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abhyAsaH This Map (Srilacetate pyAja maukhikam 1. strIliMga rUpa batAie (Tell the feminine form)prasannamukhaH, buddhimattaraH, navInaH, adhanaH, bhAratIyaH, sthUlauSThaH, IdRzaH / ekala likhitam 2. sandhi yA sandhiccheda kIjie (Join or Disjoin as the case may be) tAnyeva, iti + Adi, miSTAnnAni + api, phalAni + icchati, tvamupahasasi, guru + AjJA / apanI choTI bahana ke janma-divasa kI kalpanA kIjie aura usakA saMskRta meM saMkSipta vivaraNa dIjie / (Imagine your younger sister's birthday and describe it in Sanskrit.) saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit)(ka) merA janma-dina kala hogA / (My birthday will be tomorrow.) (kha) tumhAre mitra bhI Ae~ge / (Your friends too will come.) (ga) Aie, gAe~ aura nAceM / (Come on, let's sing and dance.) (gha) sacamuca ye phala bhI bahuta mIThe haiM / (These fruits too are truly very sweet.) (Ga) Aja tumhArA janma-dina hai, badhAI ho / (Today is your birthday. Congratulations!) 708

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Teaching Point : (i) dAtR - declension navadazaH pAThaH lobhasya pariNAmaH lobhaH pariNAmaH vyAghraH tIram svarNam kaMkaNam gantR dAtR zrotR vizvAsaH hantR darzay cintayitR mugdha sraSda hiMsA kAraNam dAnazIla hotR mahApaMka: nimagna kazcit vRddhaH vyAghraH AsIt / saH nadyAH tIre atiSThat / tasya haste svarNa-kaMkaNam AsIt / saH avadat - bhoH bhoH gantAraH, tiSThata, svarNa-kaMkaNasya dAtA aham atra tiSThAmi / etat adhigacchata / paraM kasyApi zrotuH tasmin vizvAsaH nAbhavat / sarve acintayan - sarveSAM hantA eSaH svarNa - kaMkaNasya lobhaM darzayatIti / evaM cintayitAraH te vyAghrAt bhayabhItAH abhavan drAk ca tataH adhAvan / tadA kazcit mugdhaH brAhmaNaH tatra Agacchat / tamapi vyAghraH tathaivAvadat / brAhmaNaH acintayat - bhAgyenaiva etat sambhavati / sraSTuH AjJAM vinA nedRzaH dAtA sambhavati / brAhmaNasya vizvAsaM dRDhataraM kartuM vyAghraH avadat-hiMsAyAH kAraNAt mama sarvaH parivAraH anazyat / adhunA dAnazIlaH hotA cAhaM dharmamAcarAmi / 71

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of in brAhmaNa vizvAsa-yuktaM dRSTvA vyAghaH punaH akathayat-nadyAM snAnaM kRtvA etat kaMkaNam adhigaccha yenAhaM puNyam arjeyam / mugdhaH brAhmaNaH nadI prAvizat / tatra saH mahApaMke ca nimagnaH abhavat / tam IdRzaM dRSTvA vyAghraH tamupAgacchat udarasthaM cAkarot / // // // // // // zabdArthAH lobhaH lAlaca (greed) pariNAmaH pariNAma (result) vyAghraH vyako bAgha janAla.. (tiger) bAnagInA tIramba la-gaka kinArA - (shore) zAzvata-pAkA svarNam = sonA IST (gold) pANIsAhAya kaMkaNam = kar3A, kaMgana (bangle) jAne vAlA (goer) dAtR dene vAlA (giver) zrotR = sunane vAlA (listener) vizvAsa ma = vizvAsa / (trust) hantu = mArane vAlA (killer) u mA darzaya - = dikhAnA (to show) ! DIE cintayitu mama socane vAlA (one who thinks) gantR // // // // // 72

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// // // // // hotR // dharmaH // dharma // mugdhaH 3 bholA (innocent) sraSTra = paidA karane vAlA VIA (creator) jaar| hiMsA = hiMsA TL (violence) 15 ) kAraNam = kAraNa kA (cause) 7) dAnazIla = dAna dene vAlA kAna kAraka (generous) (1) = havana karane vAlA gIta (one who worships robe the fire) (righteousness, duty) mahApaMkaH = bar3A kIcar3a (great mud) nimagna = DUbA huA, pha~sA huA (sunk, stuck) dhAtuH darzaya (1) rUpANi / gantu, dAta, zrotR, hantR, cintayitR, sraSTa, hotR (pRSTha 95) vizeSaNAniyA strI0 (bua napuM0 uly 20rls gantAgagns 20gs gantrImA gantR ) dAtA mAma dAtrI ariamridit dAtRilapsteror zrotA juigai zrotrI zrotRA hantA hantrI hantR cintayitA HIT cintayitrImA cintayitu sraSTA mAthAbhava sraSTrIodiai sraSTra -mode hotA nimarziliozorit hotrI hotR pi. mugdhaH mugdhA affordasoot mugdham oda sote -zIlaH -zIlA -zIlam nimagnaH nimagnA nimagnam abhyAsaH maukhikam 1. yaha kathA apane zabdoM meM sunAie (Tell this story in your own words) 2. artha batAie (Tell meanings) sraSTra, tIram, upahAraH, vaidyakam, kaMkaNam / 73

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likhitam (soom ) 1. saMskRta meM uttara dIjie (Answer in Sanskrit) (ka) vyAghrasya haste kimAsIta? (kha) vyAghraH kakaNaM kasmai dAtum aicchat? (ga) vyAghra brAhmaNAya kimakathayat? (gha) brAhmaNasya lobhasya kaH pariNAmaH abhavat? apekSita rUpa sAmane likhie (Give the desired forms)zrotR (tRtIyA ekavacana) mugdha (strI0 saptamI eka va0) kRtvA+etat sarva (napaM0, prathamA baha0 va0) hantR (saptamI eka va0) 5. saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit).0pta (ka) kIcar3a meM jAne vAloM kI yahI dazA hotI hai / (This is the condition of those who go in mud.) : (kha) havana karane vAle mani Azrama meM rahate haiM / (The sages engaged in fire worship live in a hermitage.) (ga) dAna dene vAlA jantu aisA nahIM hotaa| (A creature giving charity is not like this.) (gha) isa prakAra socane vAle ve donoM kheta meM ghusa ge| (Thinking thus, both of them entered into a field.) chi (Ga) kahAnI sunane vAle paraspara bAtacIta na kreN| (Those listening to the story should not talk to each other.) 74

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Teaching Point: (i) zazin - declension viMzatitamaH candrayAtrA pAThaH antarikSam upakramaH zazin gamaya yatnavat yatnaH yAnam netR ava+tu prati+A+gam mRttikA pASANaH khaNDam kuzalin yazasvin gaveSaNA grahaH ji (jaya) etat yugam antrikssyugmsti| asya yugasya upakramaH 1957-tame varSe akatUbara-mAsasya caturthe divase abhavat / rUsa dezIyAH vaijJAnikA:zazinaM prati prathamaM mAnava-sahitaM spUtanikam 1961-tame varSe agamayan / antarikSasya prathamaH yAtrI AsItyUrI gagArina mahodayaH / 1968tame varSe trayaH yAtriNaH zazinaH samIpe gantuM samarthAH abhavan / amerikA-dezasya vaijJAnikAH api yatnavantaH Asan / teSAM yatnaiH 1969-tame varSe apolo- 11 nAma yAnam antarikSa praavisht| tatratrayaHyAtriNaH Asan 1 yAnasya netA AsItnIla-ArmasTrAMga mhodyH| julAImAsasya ekaviMzatitame dine etat yAnaM zazini avAtarat / kA 75

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nA te kaJcit kAlaM tatra sthitvA bhUmiM prtyaagcchn| te svena saha candrasya mRttikA vividhAnAM pASANAnAM ca khaNDAni api Anayan / bhUmau punaH candrayAtriNaH kuzalinaH dRSTvA vizvasya sarve janAH bhRzaM prAsIdan / yazasvinaH vaijJAnikAH adhunA api antarikSasya gaveSaNAyAM ratAH santi / anyAn grahAn api jitvA te prakRtimapi jetum icchanti / zabdArthAH || -vA~ caturtha || || || antarikSam = antarikSa upakrama = Arambha -tama / cauthA dezIya deza kA vaijJAnikaH = vaijJAnika zazin candramA mAnavaH = manuSya gamaya.02 = bhejanA: prathama - - pahalA mahodaya kAyA - mahodaya yatnavat mA / = prayatna karane vAlA yatnaH milana - koziza nAma = nAmaka yAnam = yAna netA ava+tR utaranA jorI (space) hair-mAra (beginning) - (-th) zivAjI (fourth) Disa (belonging to country) (scientist) (moon) (human being) (to send) (first) (Mr., Sir) (engaged in effort) (effort) (named) (transportation) (leader) (to get off) // || 76

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// vApasa AnA apanA // miTTI // // // prati+A+gam sva mRttikA pASANaH khaNDam vizvam yazasvin gaveSaNA grahaH ji (jaya) (to come back) (one's ownself) (soil) (stone) (piece) (world) (famous) (research) (planet) (to win) // patthara Tukar3A saMsAra yaza vAlA, vikhyAta khoja = graha = jItanA // // PHED // dhAtuH ribsicatimonioumar gamaya (1) ji (jaya) (2). upasarga-yukta-dhAtU ava+tR prati+A+gam (gacch) 2 ointini rUpANi zazin yAtrin, kuzalin, yazasvin, (pRSTha 95-96) 10 yatnavat-'bhagavat' ke samAna (like bhagavat), (pRSTha 94-95) netR-'dAtU' ke samAna, (like dAtR), (pRSTha 95) vizeSaNAni strI catarthI napuM0 caturtham dezIyA caturthaH dezIyaH prathamaH mahodayaH netA dezIyam prathamam mahodayam svaH prathamA mahodayA netrI svA kuzalinI yazasvinI kuzalI svam kuzali yazasviM yazasvI avyayaH nAma

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abhyAsaH maukhikam 1. ina zabdoM ko liMgazaH alaga-alaga kiijie| (Separate these words gender-wise.) kuzalI, yatnaH, suptaH, satyam, yazasvinI, khaNDam / likhitam 2. saMskRta meM uttara dIjie (Answer in Sanskrit) (ka) kaH AsIt antarikSasya prathamaH yAtrI? (kha) yAtriNaH zazini prathamaM kadA avatAran? (ga) yAtriNaH zazinaH kim Anayan? . 3. nirdiSTa rUpa batAie (Give the indicated forms) zazin, kuzalin (prathamA, dvitIya, tRtIyA, caturthI) M O yazasvin (paJcamI, SaSThI, saptamI, saMbodhana) 4. saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit)- PATR (ka) amerikA kA antarikSa yAna candramA para gayA / (America's space-craft went to the moon.) (0.20 (kha) tIna yAtrI candramA para utare / (Three astronauts got off on the moon.) (ga) candrayAtrI candramA kI miTTI lAye / (The moon astronauts brought moon's soil.) ve jaba candramA se lauTe, taba saMsAra ke logoM ne unakA sammAna kiyaa| (When they returned from the moon, then the people of this world honoured them.) 00 IBOODODOC RECORD DODBOAD LICICIAnnanot 18

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Teaching Point : dina (i) payas - declension (bas daunl Merse (2) ekaviMzatitamaH (d) pATha: dArAH dravyam loSTa bhUtam AbharaNam kokilA tapasvin puruSakAraH daivam vi+bhA nabhas payas saras (Llaamwa zlokAH mAtRvat paradAreSu, paradravyeSu loSTavat / Atmavat sarva bhUteSu yaH pazyati saH paNDitaH // 1 // pustakasthA tu yA vidyA, parahastagataM dhanam / kAryakAle samutpanne, na sA vidyA na taddhanam / / 2 / / narasyAbharaNaM rUpaM, rUpasyAbharaNaM guNaH / guNasyAbharaNaM jJAnaM, jJAnasyAbharaNaM kSamA // / 3 // kokilAnAM svaraH rUpaM, nArI rUpaM pativratam / vidyA rUpaM kurUpANAM, kSamA rUpaM tapasvinAm // 4 // yathA tvekena cakreNa na rathasya gatiH bhavet / evaM puruSakAreNa vinA daivaM na sidhyati // zazinA ca nizA, nizayA ca zazinA nizayA ca vibhAti 5 // payasA kamalaM, kamalena payaH, payasA kamalena vibhAti saraH 79 zazI, nabhaH / 11611 SPRST kAka kA eka

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zabdArthAH // mAtR -vat dArAH dravyam loSTaH Atmavat // bhUtam sthita // // // // // paNDitaH -sthA vidyA para-hasta-gata samutpanna AbharaNam kSamA kokilA nArI pativratam kurUpa tapasvin cakram rathaH gatiH puruSakAra mAtA (mother) = taraha (like) = patnI (wife) = dhana (wealth) = miTTI kA DhelA (a lump of earth) apane samAna (like one's ownself) = prANI (creature) = vidvAn (scholar) (situated) vidyA (learning) dUsare ke hAtha meM gayA huA (gone to other's hand) utpanna (created) AbhUSaNa (ornament) / kSamA (forgiveness) = koyalA (cuckoo) (woman) = pati-vrata (devotion to husband) = kurUpa (ugly) = tapasvI (ascetic) = pahiyA ekA (wheel) = rathalAvAraNa (chariot) = gati, cAlaka (motion) = parizrama (effort) bhAgya (fate) = rAta (night) suzobhita honA (to shine) AkAza (sky) = pAnI (water) = sarovara (pool) = strI FREE daivam // nizA vi+bhA // nabhas // payas saras

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upasarga-yukta dhAtuH vi+bhA (2) rUpANi - mAtR (pRSTha 95) kAra mAramA paM0 nArI-'nadI' ke samAna (like nadI), (pRSTha 94) tapasvin-'zazin' ke samAna (like zazin), (pRSTha 95-96) nabhas, payas, saras, (pRSTha 96) aloini asiansIlakhita jA pornoomadrasi vizeSaNAni strI0 napuM0 paNDitaH paNDitA paNDitam -sthaH -sthA -stham -gataH -gatA -gatam samutpannaH samutpannA samutpannam kurUpaH kurUpA karUpam tapasvI tapasvinI tapasvi vizeSaH 'dAra' zabda kA artha patnI' hai parantu isakA prayoga sadA pu~lliga bahuvacana meM hotA hai-dArAH (The word dAra, though meaning 'wife', is always used in masc. plural- dArAH) abhyAsaH maukhikam 1. isa pATha ke koI do zloka kaNThastha kIjiye aura sunAie (Memorize any two verses from this lesson and recite them). 2. antara spaSTa kIjie (Tell the difference) devaH-daivam, puruSaH-puruSakAraH, gantR-gantrI, gam-gamaya / 81

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Tira likhitam 3. nirdiSTa rUpa batAie (Give the indicated form) nabhas (dvitIyA) payasa (paJcamI) saras (sambodhana) tapasvina (SaSThI) 4. saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit)(ka) AkAza meM candramA suzobhita hotA hai / (The moon looks beautiful in the sky.) (Ga) rAma kI patnI sItA bhI vana ko gaIM / (Rama's wife Sita also went to the forest.) Praation bus nepal (Sanershiaadilsh

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Teaching Point: (i) bhavat-(pronoun) (ii) jJA-dhAtuH dvAviMzatitamaH trayaH dakArAH pAThaH asuraH upa+diz bhavat akSaram dakAraH abhiprAyaH sAdhu kiMbahunA indriyam balavat VAZONOM Izvarasya trayaH putrAH Asan-devaH manuSyaH asuraH ca / te trayaH eva Izvaram upAgacchan avadan ca-bho pitaH, upadizatu bhavAn iti / IzvaraH krameNa trIn eva upAdizat, tribhyaH eva caitat akSarameva akathayat-'da' iti / upadezAta anantaraM saH trIneva apRcchat-api jAnItha dakArasya abhiprAyam iti / devaH avadat-jAnAmi / 'damanaM kurU' iti bhavataH abhiprAyaH / manuSyaH avadat-jAnAmi / 'dAnaM kuru' iti bhavataHabhiprAyaH / asuraH avadat-jAnAmi / 'dayA kuru' iti bhavataH abhiprAyaH / IzvaraH etat AkarNya pratyavadat-sAdhu! yuktametat / 83

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kiMbahunA devAnAM devatvam indriyANAM damane, manuSyasya manuSyatvaM dAne, balavataH asurasya ca balaM dyaayaamsti| zabdArthAH // manuSya rAkSasa = upadeza denA // Apa // manuSyaH asuraH upa+diz bhavat akSaram jJA dakAraH abhiprAyaH damanam sAdhu ki bahunA devatvam (man) (demon) (to advise) (you-respectful) (letter) (to know) ('da' letter) (meaning) (control) (well donel) (in short) (godliness) // = varNa jAnanA 'da' akSara artha niyantraNa zAbAza! saMkSepa meM devatva // // // // 84

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indriyam = indriya kathA (sense) manuSyatvam = manuSyatA (human-ness) balavat = balavAn (strong) dhAtuH (jJA) (3) upasargayukta-dhAtuH upa+dizakamA AmAko rUpANi mansionishiarstT) prAcIna bhavat, balavat-'bhagavat' ke samAna (like bhagavat), (pRSTha 94-95) avyayaH sAdhu muhAvarA (Idiom)- kiM bahunA / vizeSaH (i) bhavat' zabda ke sAtha kriyA sadA prathama puruSa kI AtI hai (bhavat takes first person verb). (ii) 'sAdhu' zabda ke do artha haiM / dekhie pATha 1 tathA 22 (The word 'sAdhu' has two meanings. See Lessons 1 and 22). (ii) vAkya ke zurU meM 'api' zabda praznavAcaka 'kyA' kA bodhaka hotA hai (api in the beginning of a makes sentence a yes-no question). abhyAsaH maukhikam 1. 'bhavat' ke rUpa bolie (Decline bhavat) / 2. 'jJA' dhAtu ke rUpa pA~coM lakAroM meM bolie (Conjugate jJA in all the five lakaras). likhitam 3. nirdiSTa rUpa likhie (Give the indicated forms) 'jJA' loTa, pra0 pu0 e0 va0 bhavat dvitIyA bhagavat tRtIyA balavat SaSThI 85

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4. saMskRta meM uttara dIjie (Answer in Sanskrit) (ka) Izvarasya putrAH ke Asan? (kha) putrAH pitaraM kimavadan? (ga) pituH upadezaH kaH AsIt? (gha) dakArasya abhiprAyaM devAH manuSyAH asurAH ca kim ajAnan? 5. saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit) (ka) Apa Aie aura baiThie / (You please come and have a seat.) (kha) kyA Apa saba ne nATaka dekhA ? (Did all of you see the play?) (ga) saMkSepa meM, paropakAra hI Izvara-vandanA hai| (In short, doing good to others is God's worship.) (gha) zAbAza! zAbAza! ApakA khela sundara thA / (Bravo! Well done! Your game was beautiful.) (Ga) hamane bhI tumhArA paricaya jAnA / (We also came to know about you.) sinessmslogaisnigedoaai 86

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Teaching Point:hAramA (i) sandhi - aH + a declension trayoviMzatitamaH vivekAnandaH pATha: pUrva vayas snAtakaH samAdhiH tapas saMskRtiH prazaMsita yazas pra + sR (sara) tejasvin zraddhAvat karmayogin pUrvasmin vayasi vivekAnandasya nAma narendradattaH AsIt / tasya pitA vizvanAthadattaH AsIt / narendraH yadA snAtako'bhavat tadA tasya pitA paralokamagacchat / 'ailam) ekadA kasyAJcit sabhAyAM narendraH rAmakRSNa-paramahaMsa mahodayasya sparzamadhigatya samAdhistho'bhavat / tasyaiva guroH sparzena ca tasya samAdhiH samApto'bhavat / tasmAt dinAt narendraH taM svaM gurUM svyakarot tapaH cAkarot / guroH AjJAM viditvA saH sarvatra acamat bhAratIyAyAH saMskRte ca pracAramakarot / 1893-tame varSe amarIkA-deze 'zikAgo' nAma nagare vizva-dharma-sammelanamabhavat / tatrApi soDagacchat / tatra tasya bhASaNam AkarNya sarve zrotAraH tasya 87

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prazaMsitAro'bhavan / tasya yazaH sarvatra prAsarat / anekeM janAH tasya bhaktAH abhavan / tasya upadezAnAM sAro'sti eSaH nirbhayaH bhava / tejasvI bhava / zraddhAvAn bhava / karmayogI bhava / daridradevaH bhava / rASTradevaH bhava / dakSiNa bhArate samudrasya madhye parvate tasya mandiramasti / atraiva saH tapo'karot / mandiramidaM na prAcInam / 1970 tame varSe asmAkaM rASTrapatiH tasya udghATanamakarot / zabdArthAH pUrva vayas snAtakaH paralokaH sabhA sparzaH samAdhiH samApta tapas saMskRtiH pracAraH bhASaNam = pahalA Ayu snAtaka paraloka sabhA = chUnA samAdhi |||||||||| = = || || || || || || || = = = samApta tapasyA saMskRti yy pracAra bhASaNa 88 (earlier) (age) (graduate) (the other world) (meeting) (touch) (trance, meditation) (finished) (penance) (culture) (propagation) (speech) ka

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// // // // prazasita = prazaMsA karane vAlA (admirer) yazas = yaza (fame) pra+sR (sara) = phailanA (to spread) nirbhaya = niDara (fearless) tejasvin = tejasvI (illustrious) zraddhAvat = zraddhAlu (full of faith) karmayogin = karmayogI ra (one who believes in selfless action) daridradevaH = garIboM ko devatA mAnane vAlA (one whose god is the poor) samudraH = samudra (ocean) madhyaH = bIca (middle) mandirama = mandira (temple) udghATanam = udghATana (inauguration) upasarga-yukta dhAtuH pra + sR (sara) (2) rUpANi pUrva-kim ke samAna (thor3e antara ke sAtha) (like kim with a slight difference), (pRSTha 96-97) vayas, tapas, yazas-'payas' ke samAna (like payas), (pRSTha 96) prazaMsitR-'dAta ke samAna (like dAtR), (pRSTha 95) tejasvina, karmayogin- zazin ke samAna (like zazin), (pRSTha 95-96) zraddhAvat-'bhagavat' ke samAna (like bhagavat) (pRSTha 94-95) vizeSaNAni strI0 napuM0 samAptaH samAptA samAptam prazaMsitA prazaMsitrI prazaMsita nirbhayaH nirbhayA nirbhayam tejasvI tejasvinI tejasvi zraddhAvAn zraddhAvatI zraddhAvat -devI -devam muhAvarA (Idiom) pUrvasmin vayasi puM0 -devaH 89

Page #95
abhyAsaH maukhikam (saiqeon 1. zraddhAvat, mAtRvat (paradAreSu)-ina donoM zabdoM meM 'vat' ke artha meM kyA antara hai (What is the difference in the meaning of these two uses of vata) ? likhitam 2. sandhi yA sandhiviccheda kIjie (Join or disjoin) gajo 'sti, bAlaH + akarot, chAtro'vadat, snAtakaH + abhavat,viveko bhramat / 3. saMskRta meM uttara dIjie (Answer in Sanskrit) (ka) pUrvasmin vayasi vivekAnandasya ki nAma AsIt ? (kha) vivekAnandaH samAdhisthaH kathamabhavat ? (ga) amarIkA-deze tasya bhASaNaM kutrAbhavat ? (gha) vivekAnandaH tapaH kutrAkarot ? 4. saMskRta meM anuvAda kIjie (Translate into Sanskrit)(ka) he bAlike, rASTra ko devatA mAno! (Oh girl, look upon your country as your deity.) (kha) bhArata meM bahuta tejasvI striyA~ paidA huiiN| (In India, many illustrious women were born.) (ga) bacapana meM hI unhoMne yaza pAyA / (In childhood itself, they attained glory.) (gha) mitro,nirbhaya bano, zraddhAvAna bno| (Friends, be fearless. be full of faith. : 00 90

Page #96
Teaching Point : (i) tam suffix caturvizatitamaH II patram-pitaraM prati pAThaH chAtravAsaH aciram sajjA dUrI + bhU snehin zrImat ghoSaya sUc (sUcaya) tadartham dhanAdezaH vazaMvada pUjanIyAH pitRcaraNAH chAtrAvAsataH, sAdaraM namAmi / atra kuzalaM, tatrAstu navadillItaH / -29-2-92 mama vArSikI parIkSA acirameva bhaviSyati / apraila-mAsasya paJcama-divasataH tasyAH upakramaH bhaviSyati / tasyai mama sajjA api pUrNA / kevalaM gaNita-viSaye kAcit nyUnatA asti, paraM sA nyUnatA api acirameva dUrIbhaviSyatIti AzA / mama AcAryAH atIva sahAyakAH snehinaH ca / zrImatAM ca mAtRcaraNAnAm ca AzIrvAdam adhigantum ahametat patraM likhAmi / maI-mAsasya prathame divase asmAkaM prAcAryaH pariNAma ghoSayiSyati / pariNAmamahaM bhavate acirameva sUcayiSyAmi / maI-mAsasya paJcadaza-divasataH asmAkaM grISmAvakAzaH bhaviSyati / tadaiva gahamAgamiSyAmi / tadarthaM dhanasya AvazyakatA bhaviSyati / ataH kRpayA paJcAzat rUpyakANi dhanAdezena preSayantu bhavantaH / ambAyai mAdhavAya ca mama namaskAraH / . vazaMvadaH (OPEp) zacIndraH se 91

Page #97
// // // // pUrNa = kamI zabdArthAH kI ora, ko (toward, to) nava nayA (new) chAtrAvAsaH chAtrAvAsa (hostel) -caraNa AdaraNIya (respected) sAdaram Adara ke sAtha (respectfully) kuzalam kuzala-maMgala (well-being) vArSika vArSika (yearly) parIkSA parIkSA (examination) aciram jaldI (soon) paJcama = pA~cavA~ (fifth) sajjA = taiyArI (preparation) = pUrA (complete) nyUnatA (deficiency) dUrI+bhU = dUra honA (to go away) AzA AzA (hope) sahAyaka = sahAyatA karane vAlA (helper) = sneha karane vAlA (affectionate) = zrImAn (you-respectful) AzIrvAdaH = AzIrvAda (blessing) = ghoSaNA karanA (to announce) sUc (sUcaya) = sUcita karanA (to inform) grISmAvakAzaH = garmI kI chaTiyA~ (summer vacation) = usake lie (for that) kA AvazyakatA = jarUrata (need) dhanAdezaH = manI-ArDara (money-order) preSayINAma bhejnaa|gaamaa (to send)-yA namaskAraH = namaskAramA (regards) rAjana vADA vazaMvadA = AjJAkArI gANI (obedient)kANI dhAtavaH - ghoSaya (1) dUrI + bhU (2) sAtAra sUc (sUcaya) (2) preSay (1) 92 snehin zrImat ghoSaya tadarthama FELI //

Page #98
-rUpANi snehin - 'zazin' ke samAna (like zazin) (pRSTha 95-96) zrImat- 'bhagavat', ke samAna (like bhagavat) (pRSTha 94-95) vizeSaNAni puM0 vArSika: paJcamaH pUrNaH sahAyaka: snehI vazaMvadaH strI0 vArSikI paJcamI pUrNA sahAyikA snehI vazaMvadA abhyAsaH OFTEP SPIFF napuM0 vArSikam upapada-vibhaktiH forp 'prati' ke yoga meM Ane vAle zabda meM dvitIyA vibhakti (The word accompanying prati takes dvitIyA vibhakti) 1331172 paJcamam pUrNam 93 sahAyakam snehi vazaMvadam 48 mitA maukhikam za ki TEPR ApakI 1. 'tadartham' ke samAna 'chAtrArtham' kA artha hai - chAtra yA chAtroM ke lie / isI prakAra nimnalikhita zabdoM meM bhI 'artham' jor3iye (Like tadartham, chAtrArtham means for a student or students. In the same way, add z to the following words) deza, chAtrAvAsa, nagara, bhASA, sAhitya | likhitam 1115F phila 2. nimnalikhita zabdoM meM 'tas' pratyaya jor3ie aura artha batAie (Add tas to the following words and then tell the meaning)-- vidyAlaya, grAma, gRha, sthAna, parvata, paropakAra, vyAyAma, adhyApaka, parIkSA / Yu FB BDe jJa ToTh asaphala

Page #99
vyAkaraNam (Grammar sAdhU zoSaNa prathamA vibhaktiH dvitIyA " tRtIyA " catarthI va paMcamI " SaSThI saptamI ". sAdhau sambodhana prathamA vibhaktiH dvitIyA nadI nadImA saMjJA zabda ukArAnta puMlliga-zabdaH sAdhu ekavacanam zadvivacanam / bahuvacanam sAdhavaH sAdham sAdhUn sAdhunA sAdhubhyAm sAdhubhiH sAdhave sAdhubhyaH sAdhoH sAdhvoH sAdhUnAm sAdhuSu he sAdho he sAdhU he sAdhavaH IkArAnta-strIliMga-zabdaH 'nadI ekavacanam dvivacanam bahuvacanam nadyaH nadIH nadyA nadIbhyAm - nadIbhiH nadyaiDaaadi Mu210tusbu nadIbhyaHnsan nadyAH abrohitoiloti nadyoH nadInAm ki nadyAm nadISu he nadi zaka he nadyau he nadyaH takArAnta-palliga-zabda: bhagavata' 1zmov gifolial ekavacanam dvivacanam bahuvacanam bhagavAn bhagavantau bhagavantaH bhagavantam bhagavataH bhagavatA bhagavadbhyAm bhagavadbhiH bhagavate bhagavadbhyaH tRtIyA / " caturthI paMcamI SaSThI saptamI sambodhana prathamA vibhaktiH dvitIyA " tRtIyA " caturthI " 94

Page #100
saptarI paMcamI SaSThI saptamI sambodhana 11 " tRtIyA caturthI paMcamI SaSThI saptamI sambodhana 11 kAzI 11 te 11 ekavacanam dAtA prathamA vibhaktiH dvitIyA dAtAram dAtrA "dAtre prathamA vibhaktiH dvitIyA sambodhana TP ion prathamA vibhaktiH dvitIyA sambodhana " prathamA vibhaktiH dvitIyA tRtIyA bhagavataH " 11 " bhagavati he bhagavan dAtuH " dAtari he dAtaH IPSP he bhagavantau RkArAnta-pulliMga-zabdaH 'dAtR'' i ekavacanam pitA pitaram he pitH| 11 pitR bhagavatoH ekavacanam zazI: "zazinam - zazinA " dvivacanam dAtArau 77 dAtRbhyAm 11 11 dAtroH 77 nidhaDa he dAtArau dvivacanam pitarau pitarau hqninevig by 10 tRtIyA vi0 se saptamI vi0 taka ra0 taka 'dAtU' ke samAna RkArAnta strIliMga-zabdaH 'mAtR' ebiow mon dvivacanam mAtarau 17 dvivacanam zazinau 77 11 -zazibhyAm 95 mAtA mAtaram he mAtaH he mAtarau tRtIyA vi. se saptamI vi. taka 'dAtR' ke samAna nakArAnta-pulliMga-zabdaH 'zazin' bhagavatAm bhagavatsu he bhagavantaH bahuvacanam dAtAraH dAtRn dAtRbhiH dAtRbhyaH 11 ki dAtRNAm dAtRSu he dAtAraH bahuvacanam pitaraH pitRRn he pitaraH Thika ra How arT S ((lgnibosos bahuvacanam mAtaraH mAtRH he mAtaraH " bahuvacanam zazinaH -zazibhiH utarI sved

Page #101
TES ELELLEEEEEE " " caturthI " -zazine zazibhyaH paMcamI " zazinaH SaSThI " -zazinoH jabAmA zazinAma saptamI " "zazini "zaziSa sambodhana he zazin- he zazinau he zazinaH sakArAnta-napuMsakaliMga-zabdaH payas' ekavacanam kA dvivacanama kA bhvcnm| prathamA vibhaktiH payaH payasI kA payAMsi dvitIyA tRtIyA ma payasA payobhyAm mita payobhiH phira caturthI " payase payobhyaH paMcamI payasaH SaSThI payasoH payasAm zikAra saptamI " payasi payassukA sambodhana he payaH he payasI he payAMsi sarvanAma-zabdAH kim, yat, anya, sarva, aneka, pUrva -ina zabdoM ke rUpa 'tad' yA 'etad' ke samAna hote haiM, jo bhAga 2 meM die gae the| phira bhI 'kim' zabda ke rUpa yahA~ die jA rahe haiN| zeSa sarvanAma zabdoM ke rUpa bhI isI prakAra calA leM (The above words are declined like tad or etad given in part 2. The word op is declined below. Decline the other pronoun words accordingly). vizeSa-sarvanAma zabdoM kA sambodhana nahIM hotA (Pronoun words do not have vocative forms) bAra kim (puMlliga) ekavacanam zidvivacanamaH bahuvacanam prathamA vibhaktiH dvitIyA kAn kAbhyAm caturthI kebhyaH kaH kama tRtIyA " kena kasme 96

Page #102
keSAm keSu bahuvacanam kAH / kAm paMcamI kasmAt SaSThI kasya saptamI kasmin kayoH kim (strIliMga) gAmA ekavacanammA dvivacanam / prathamA vibhaktiH kA dvitIyA " tRtIyA kayA kAbhyAm caturthI kasyai paMcamI kasyAH kayoH saptamI kasyAm kim (napuMsakaliMga) hotI ekavacanam dvivacanam prathamA vibhaktiH kimma tI ke kAbhiH kAbhyaH " " SaSThI kAsAm kAsu bahavacanam kAni dvitIyA " tRtIyA vi0 se saptamI vi0 taka puMlliga ke samAna li saMkhyAvAcaka-zabdAH eka (kevala ekavacana meM-Singular only) npuNskliNgm| pu~lligam . ekaH ekam ekA ekam ekAm ekayA ekena prathamA vibhaktiH dvitIyA tRtIyA caturthI paMcamI SaSThI saptamI ekena ekasmai ekasyai ekasmai ekasyAH ekasmAt ekasya ekasmin ekasmAt ekasya ekasmin / ekasyAm (Diuni10097

Page #103
prathamA vibhaktiH dvitIyA: tRtIyA caturthI paMcamI SaSThI saptamI gATha tRtIyA caturthI paMcamI "" SaSThI saptamI 11 17 zani prathamA vibhaktiH dvitIyA tRtIyA caturthI paMcamI SaSThI saptamI 11 " 11 27 " dvayoH " " prathamA vibhaktiH dvitIyA " " 11 dvi (kevala dvivacana meM-in Dual only) aka pulliMgam strIliMgam dve kRSNaka dve 31 " " dvAbhyAm "1 199 kAlIka tri (kevala bahuvacana meM - in Plural only) pulliMgam strIliMgam tisraH trayaH " trIn tribhiH tribhyaH 11 trayANAm triSu pulliMgam catvAraH caturaH caturbhiH caturbhyaH caturNAm caturSu dvAbhyAm kie " Tasty nikaTa 15905 11 dvayoH " catur (kevala bahuvacana meM - in Plural only) strIliMgam catasraH tisRbhiH trisRbhyaH " tisRNAm tisRSu " catasRbhiH catasRbhyaH 19 catasRNAm catasRSu dhAtavaH niyamita dhAtuH phala ( phalanA - to bear fruit) 98 napuMsakaliMgam ku dvAbhyAm " ekae " dvayoH 11 napuMsakaliMgam trINi 11 tribhiH tribhya 11 trayANAm triSu firep Digaya napuMsakaliMgam catvAri " caturbhiH caturbhyaH 77 caturNAm caturSu FFTST kahI kRta mira kI tI di vi kih ka

Page #104
vidhiliG (prArthanA, sujhAva-request, suggestion) ekavacanam kAdvivacanam bahuvacanam nAmaka prathama puruSaH phalet phaletAm phaMleyuH madhyama puruSaH phaleH phaletam phaleta uttama puruSa: phaleyam phaleva phalema ___ ardha-niyamita-dhAtuH kAgA muc (muJc) (chor3anA-to leave) gAvidhiliG (prArthanA, sujhAva -request, suggestion) ekavacanam dvivacanam bahuvacanam prathama puruSaH muJcet muJcetAm muJceyuH madhyama puruSaH muJceH adayA muJcetam muJceta uttama puruSaH muJceyam muJceva muJcemara aniyamita-dhAtaH / jJA (jAnanA-to know) laTlakAraH (vartamAnakAla-Present Tense) ekavacanam dvivacanam bahuvacanam prathama puruSaH jAnAti jAnItaH jAnanti madhyama puruSaH jAnAsi jAnIthaH jAnItha mA uttama puruSaH jAnAmi | jAnIvaH jAnImaH lAmA jagA luTlakAraH (bhaviSyatkAla-Future Tense) ekavacanam yAdava dvivacanam bAta bahuvacanam prathama puruSaH jJAsyati jJAsyataH jJAsyanti madhyama puruSaH jJAsyasi jJAsyathaH jJAsyatha uttama puruSaH jJAsyAmi jJAsyAvaH jJAsyAmaH laGlakAraH (bhUtakAla-Past Tense) ekavacanam PPP dvivacanam bahuvacanam prathama puruSaH ajAnAt ajAnItAm ajAnan madhyama puruSaH ajAnAH ajAnItam AjAnIta uttama puruSaH ajAnAm ajAnIva ajAnIma loTlakAraH (AjJA-Order) ekavacanam dvivacanam bahuvacanam prathama puruSaH jAnAtu jAnItAm jAnantu 99

Page #105
sadvivacanam madhyama puruSaH jAnIhi jAnItam para jAnIta uttama puruSa: jAnAni jAnAva jAnAma vidhiliMG (prArthanA, sujhAva-request, suggestion) lApara ekavacanam dvivacanam bahuvacanam manacha prathama purussH| jAnIyAt jAnIyAtAm jAnIyu: madhyama puruSaH jAnIyAH jAnIyAtam jAnIyAta uttama puruSaH jAnIyAm jAnIyAva jAnIyAma kR (karanA to do) para vidhiliG (prArthanA, sujhAva- request, suggestion) ka ekavacanam bahuvacanam prathama puruSaH kuryAt kuryAtAm kuryuH pp madhyama puruSaH kuryAH kuryAtam kuryAta uttama puruSaH kuryAm kuryAva kuryAma as (honA-to be) vidhiliGa (prArthanA, sujhAva-request, suggestion) ekavacanam dvivacanam bahuvacanamva ra para prathama paruSaH syAtAm madhyama puruSaH syAH syAtam syAta uttama puruSaH syAm syAva syAma dhAtu-sacI jIvATa niyamitAH dhAtavaH hImA bhara hAsyAta laTU dhAtuH phal arju phalati arjati 3. rAjya mAra lAmA loTa vidhiliG phaliSyati aphalatra phalatu / phalet arjiSyati Arjat arjatu rAjiSyati arAjat rAjatu khelayiSyati akhelayat khelayatu kIrtayiSyati akIrtayat kIrtayat kIrtayet tADayiSyati atADayat tADayatu ____ tADayet ajet ra rAjet rADA khelayet khelay ki rAjati khelayati kIrtayati tADayati 4. kIrtaya 6. tADay 100

Page #106
praSayata praSa ma preSayeta tapet e tya tyajati 7. varjaya varjayati varjayiSyati avarjayat varjayatu varjayet 8. poSaya poSayati poSayiSyati apoSayat poSayat / poSayet 9. darzaya darzayati darzayiSyati adarzayat darzayatu darzayet 10. gamaya gamayati gamayiSyati agamayat gamayatu gamayet 11. ghoSaya ( ghoSayati ghoSayiSyati aghoSayat ghoSayatu ghoSayet 12. sUcay 18 sUcayati sUcayiSyati asUcayat sUcayatulA sUcayet 13. preSay ( preSayati / (barssiqadol) aniyamitAH dhAtavaH 14. tapta pati tapsyati atapat tapatu 15. spRzya spRzati sprakSyati aspRzat spRzatu jaNa spRzet tyakSyati atyajat tyajatu tyajet cha vaha vahati vakSyati avahat vahatu vahet zap zapati zapsyati azapat / zapatu zapet 19. sidh (sidhya) sidhyati / setsyati asidhyat sidhyatu sidhyet muc (muJc) muJcati mokSyati amuJcat / muJcatu muJcat 21. sad (sId) sIdati - satsyati asIdatta sIdatu -sIdet : 22. kRt (kRnt) kRntati / kartiSyati akRntat kRntatu / kRntet 23. sic (siJc) siJcati sekSyati asiJcat siJcatu siJcet 24. iS (icch) icchati eSiSyati aicchat icchatu icchet 25. ji (jaya) jayati jeSyati ajayat maha jayatu jayet 26. dUrIbhU (bhav) dUrIbhavati dUrIbhaviSyati dUryabhavat* dUrIbhavatu dUrIbhavetra oil do Taitabarmati aniyamitaHdhAtaHto the ansiti 27. jJA jAnAti jJAsyati ajAnAt jAnAtu jAnIyAt __ * dUrI + abhavat . DELIANTIWOli upasarga-yaktAH dhAtavaH saMskRta-sopAnam ke prathama bhAga meM tIna tathA dvitIya bhAga meM bAraha upasarga-yukta dhAtue~ par3hAI gaI thiiN| yahA~ isa prakAra kI teraha dhAtue~ aura dI jA rahI haiM / thor3e hI prayatna se hamAre zabda-bhaNDAra ko bar3hAne meM ye dhAtue~ sahAyaka haiN| 101

Page #107
// // // // // Three prefixes in the first part and twelve prefixes in the second part of Sanskrit Sopanam were introduced to you. Another thirteen are given here. With a little effort, they can enrich your vocabulary enormously.) 1. nir + gam (gaccha) hi = nikalanA (to go out) - 2. upa + gam (gacch) mana - pAsa jAnA prAdhA (to go near) jA 3. prati + A + gam (gacch) = vApasa AnA (to return) IN HET 4. pra + sad (sId) = prasanna honA (to be pleased) 5. pra + naz (praNazya) bhAga jAnA (to run away) 6. pra + sR (sara) phailanA (to spread) 7. pari + nI (pariNaya) = vivAha karanA "(to marry) 8. upa + has = maz2Aka karanA (to joke) 9. upa + diza = upadeza denA (to advise) 10. ut + nI (nay) = unnata karanA (to uplift, to help progress) 11. sam + vad (saMvad) = bAtacIta karanA (to converse) 12. ava + tR (tara) 2 = utaranA PRE (to get off; to kAyatI descend). 13. vi + bhA (to shine) paNa sAndhaH kIrikIpala pahale pada ke antima varNa tathA dUsare pada ke prathama varNa ke mela ko sandhi kahate haiM (Joining the last letter of the first word with the first letter of the following word is called Sandhi). 1. anusvAra sandhiH m + vyaJjana anusvAra jaise-bAlam + pazyAmi = bAla pazyAmi, bhojanam + khAdati = bhojanaM khAdati, dezam + rakSanti = dezaM rakSanti / ma 12. dIrgha sandhiH jisakA mahA (ka) a, A + a, A = A jaise-na + asti = nAsti, vidyA + api = vidyApi, vidyA + AlayaH = = camakanA - 102

Page #108
vidyAlayaH hima + AlayaH = himAlayaH kakSA jaise-gacchati + iti = gacchatIti, nadI + indraH = nadIndraH, nArI + IzvaraH = nArIzvaraH, muni + IzaH = munIzaH kAkAjI (ga) u, U + u, U = U t oridrididehidabis barsatruoy) jaise- sAdhu + udayaH = sAdhUdayaH, vadhU + upadezaH = vadhUpadezaH, vadhU + UrjA = vadhUrjA :o-midi) (gha) R + R = Rin rAnaDIyA kAmagAra - jaise-pitR + RNam = pitRRNam, dAtR + RSiH = dAtRSi. 3. guNa sandhiH (ka) a, A + dU, I = e jaise-deva + indraH = devendraH, mahA + indraH = mahendraH, mahA + IzaH = mahezaH, nara + IzaH = narezaH (kha) a, A + u, U = o jaise-dhana + upayogaH = dhanopayogaH, mahA + utsavaH = mahotsavaH, mahA + UrmiH = mahormiH, jala + UrmiH = jalomiH / jati (ga) a, A + R = ara jaise-deva + RSiH = devarSiH, mahA + RSiH = maharSiH 4. vRddhi sandhiH (ka) a, A + e, ai = ai jaise-eka + ekaH = ekaikaH. latA + evam = lataivam, (yadA + aitihAsikaH = yadaitihAsikaH, kAzA para + aitihAsikaH = paraitihAsikaH hAmIlAnA 5. yaN sandhiH = i, I + svara (i, I ko chor3akara). jaise-iti + Adi = ityAdi, prati + ekam =, pratyekam nArI + AbharaNam = nAryAbharaNam, nadI + anukUlam = nadyanukUlam 6. visarga sandhiH (daria (ka) (Lambhir a: + a os 103

Page #109
// // // // // // // // // jaise-naraH + asti = naro'sti, anyaH + api = anyo'pi chAtraH + alasaH = chAtroSlasaH / PAdhika saMkhyA kinArakIraja tIsa taka saMkhyA gata kakSA meM par3ha cuke haiN| ikatIsa se pacAsa taka yahA~ dekhie (You learned numbers upto thirty in the previous book. Now we introduce to you 31 to 50 and 60, 70, 80, 90, 100) ekatriMzat = ikatIsa (thirty-one) dvAtriMzat = battIsa (thirty-two) trayastrizat = taiMtIsa (thirty-three) catustrizat = cauMtIsa (thirty-four) paJcatrizat = paiMtIsa (thirty-five) SaTtriMzat = chattIsa (thirty-six) saptatriMzat = saiMtIsa (thirty-seven) aSTAtriMzat = ar3atIsa (thirty-eight) navatriMzat = untAlIsa (thirty-nine) catvAriMzat = cAlIsa (forty) ekacatvAriMzat = ikatAlIsa 1 (forty-one) dvAcatvAriMzat = bayAlIsa (forty-two) trayazcatvAriMzat = taiMtAlIsa : (forty-three) catuzcatvAriMzat = cavAlIsa (forty-four) paJcacatvAriMzat = paiMtAlIsa (forty-five) SaTcatvAriMzat = chayAlIsa kAraNa (forty-six) saptacatvAriMzat = saiMtAlIsa (forty-seven) aSTAcatvAriMzat = ar3atAlIsA (forty-eight) navacatvAriMzat uJcAsa (forty-nine) paJcAzat (fifty) SaSTiH 3 sAThApamAnita (sixty) saptatiH = sattara +rA (seventy) azItiH (eighty) navatiH = nabbe (ninety) : zatam = sau (hundred) // // // // // // // TITITITIE BEI // // // = pacAsa kAla = assI zubhama // 104

Page #110
vibhaktiH F vinA, rakSa gam, saha, dA, prati, praccha, katha, dha, namaH ina dasa zabdoM ke bAre meM vibhakti-sambandhI vizeSa niyama aba taka par3hAe jA cuke haiM / isI prakAra kucha aura niyama dekhie (Special rules for vibhakti - use with these words have already been introduced. Here are a few more rules) - esv zabdAsunnual vibhaktiH . udAharaNam / roast loss 1. dhik tosibsaid dvitIyA ...taM janaM dhik yaH dezAya na jIvati / 2. (samayavAcaka zabda (unitine dinlense time word) dvitIyA saH mAsaM vyAkaraNam apaThat / 3. alam tRtIyA vistareNa alam / 4. rahita tRtIyA vidyayA rahitaH naraH pazuvat bhavati / 5. sahita tRtIyA dhanena sahitaH naraH sukhaM vindati / 6. anantaram paJcamI bhojanAt anantaraM saH kutra gamiSyati ? 7. (DaranA-fearing) paJcamI te siMhAt bhItAH santi / 8. hetu paJcamI rA annasya hetoH kaSakaH gacchati / 9. (do kI tulanA meM-in It comparing two) paJcamI rAmAt mohanaH catarataraH / 10. pazcAt SaSThI 28) kAryakramasya pazcAt tAH gRhaM gacchanti / 11. (do se adhika kI smiarttom lie tulanA-in comparingo 10t) more than two) SaSThI tI bAlAnAm mohanaH caturatamaH / mi yA saptamI bAleSu mohanaH caturatamaH / STEPTE SE 1. jisase Dara lage, usake vAcaka zabda meM paJcamI (The word denoting source ___of fear takes paMcamI) 2. hetu zabda meM hI paJcamI vibhakti AtI hai, na ki isake sAtha Ane vAle zabda meM (The word hetu itself takes paMcamI). 3. jisase tulanA kI jAe, usake vAcaka zabda meM nirdiSTa vibhakti kA prayoga (The word denoting the one compared with takes the indicated vibhakti). 20mama 105

Page #111
vizeSaNam isa pustaka meM kula 132 vizeSaNa zabda par3hAe gae haiN| pratyeka pATha meM prayukta vizeSaNoM ke tInoM liMgoM ke rUpa pATha ke anta meM die gae haiN| vizeSaNa-vizeSya kA niyama saMskRta-sopAnam ke prathama bhAga meM par3hAyA gayA thaa| isa niyama ke anusAra hI vizeSaNoM kA prayoga karanA cAhie (A total of 132 adjectives were introduced in this book. The three gender forms of each are also given at the end of each lesson. The rule for adjective and the noun it qualifies was introduced in Part I. Make use of that rule in using adjectives in your Sanskrit writing). ZOW OL kA avyayAH gaNaka maNa.6 // // // // // isa pustaka meM Ae avyayoM kI sUcI (List of avyaya in this book) (Oh, hey) sma paridhata - bhUtakAlika nipAta (past-tense-maker particle) itastataH rAta ko - idhara-udhara ghA (here and there) prati calvAkSiA = kI ora (towards) 1- ki 5)2 sarvadAtyAzita = hamezAmA (always) Commightsornoos yathA kalelA jaise (as) prAcIna kAla meM (in old times) kAThaEST tathAhi pArizna = jaise (for example) meaniprAk DAriza pahale nAma (before) tourisdicrom tataH = usake bAda (thereafter) aura bhI (furthermore) aparam (other) muhurmuhuH __= bAra-bAra (again and again) 165110 yathAzakti nira zakti ke anusArakA (according to one's capability) kadAcit = kabhI, zAyada (sometime, perhaps) SIT) tarhi = to pAie ki (then) drAka (soon) mithaH = Apasa meM, DOTaqmos. (with one another) basa (no more) kiJca = dUsarAjya jaldI kA alam 106

Page #112
// // sajAvaka punaH / dhik // // // // // // iti // // sAmane // // prathamam = pahale (first of all) atIva = bahuta adhika (very much) onAhira - phira (again) dihant song puraH = sAmane (in front of) bonuboniti ams. savinayam = namratApUrvaka (humbly) chgorqqe nimadi anu pIche (after) = dhikkArANI (curse)TTETypiste tAvat = to kI (then) tathA = usa prakAra kI (in that manner) yathA = jisa prakAra (as) AtRpti peTa bhara kara (to one's satisfaction) anantaram = bAda (after) = (kathana-samApti-sUcaka) (denotes end of direct speech) ittham isa prakAra (thus) sammukham (in front of) kramaNa = dhIre-dhIre, bArI se (slowly, by turns) kutracit = kahIM (somewhere) nahi (no, not) kutaH = kahA~ se (from where) sAmpratam = ucita (proper) = lie - (for) yadyapiDAta bezaka lAivaha (although) tathApi = to bhIsaities (even then) kI satyam = sacamuca (truly) gaampaad ji anmol pazcAt = bAda meM kAMka (after) karanA nAma = nAmakali (named) mAra = zAbAza! (well done !) ka mara mort Donors pageshio patri o mototals sevai mahAvare (Idioms): jisakA mahAvare bhASA ko sandara aura sarala banAte haiM |sbhii bhASAoM meM mahAvaredAra prayoga hote haiN| saMskRta meM bhI isa prakAra ke aneka prayoga haiN| unameM se kevala chaH prayoga isa // // // // kRte sAdhu // 107

Page #113
pustaka meM die gae haiN| chAtra unheM yAda kareM tathA ucita sthAna para unakA adhikAdhika prayoga kareM (Idioms make the language beautiful and lucid. Every language has idiomatic usages. So does Sanskrit. Only six of them are introduced in this book. Students should memorize them and use them in appropriate contexts.) 1. zrutipatham A + gam ] 2. buddhisaraNim ava + tR3. mUrdhni sthApay atually 4. diSTyA vardhase / 5. ki bahunAishushri 6. pUrvasmin vayasi (aoiussialisation anye niyamAH (doseq1. varNa-sammelanam-saMskRta meM pahale zabda ke antima m ko dUsare zabda ke prArambhika svara ke sAtha milA kara likhane kI prathA bahuta pracalita hai (In Sanskrit writing it is a custom to write together the final of the first word with the initial vowel of the following word)-- SMSATION ' gajam apazyam Silu = gaja-m a-pazyam = gajamapazyam evam AsIt eva-mA-sIt = evamAsIt - phalam iti = phala-m i-ti = phalamiti 2. sma-prayoga-'sma' eka nipAta hai| vartamAna-kAlika kriyA ke bAda sma lagAne se kriyA bhUtakAla kI bana jAtI hai (sma is a particle. Use sma after a present time form and it becomes past tense)-- gacchati sma, khAdasi sma,s) kurvanti sma kA kA 3.cita-prayoga-'kim' zabda ke rUpoM ke bAda cit lagAyA jAtA hai / 'kim' zabda praznavAcaka hai parantu cit lagAne se pUrA rUpa anizcayavAcaka vizeSaNa bana jAtA hai| (cit is used after the forms of kim. Its use changes the meaning from interrogative to indeterminate vizeSaNa) kim + cit = kiJcit kaH + cit = kazcit para kaiH + cit = kaizcit kA + cit = kAcit kAmAbA 108

Page #114
4. tara-tama-prayoga-guNavAcaka vizeSaNoM ke mUla rUpa ke bAda kramazaH tara yA tama kA prayoga karake uttarAvasthA yA uttamAvasthA ke rUpa banAe jAte haiN| do kI tulanA meM tara kA prayoga hotA hai aura do se adhika kI tulanA meM tama kA (tara and tama are used to form comparative and superlative adjectives) nadyAH jalAt kUpasya jalam madhurataram / phaleSu Amram madhuratamam / 5. bhavat-prayoga-bhavat AdarasUcaka madhyamuruSa sarvanAma hai| isakI kriyA sadA prathama puruSa meM AtI hai| (bhavat is a second person pronoun indicating respect, but it always takes third person verb.) bhavAn gacchati / bhavantaH paThanti / bhavAn gacchasi azuddha rUpa hai| 6. tas- (taH)-prayoga-prAyaH paJcamI vibhakti ke artha meM isakA prayoga hotA hai| saMjJA yA sarvanAma ke mUlarUpa ke bAda ise lagA diyA jAtA hai (tas (taH) is added to nouns or pronouns and gives the sense of latit vibhakti). himAlayataH gaMgA nirgacchati / saH nadItaH jalam Anayati / 109

Page #115
zabda-kozaH a adhika bAda akSaram akSara, avinAzI aciram jaldI ati bahuta atIva bahuta adhana nirdhana - z2yAdA anantaram - Tortones Lilicope anAgatam na AyA huA anukala anukUla antarikSam AkAza annam anna anya dUsarA aparam dUsarA abhiprAyaH abhiprAya amara Panaa amara kamAnA artha alam basa, samartha alasa AlasIPPED ava+tu avidya vidyA-hIna azvatthaH pIpala kA per3a rAkSasa (letter, indestructible) (soon) (very) (very) (poor) (more) (after) (not yet come) (convenient) (sky) (grain) (other) (other) (purpose) (D) (immortal) mA (to earn) anmommyndunior (meaning) (stop, capable) (lazy) (to descend) (uneducated) (pipal tree) (demon) arja artha: utaranA asuraH AkRtiH AkheTa: AcchAdita AjIvikA zakla zikAra DhakA huA rojI (figure) (hunting) (covered) (livelihood) 110

Page #116
AtRpti Atmavat AtmA Ananda: AbharaNam AzA AzIrvAdaH AyuSmat AvazyakatA jI bhara kara apane samAna AtmA Ananda AbhaSaNa AzA AzIrvAda AyuSmAn AvazyakatA (to one's content) (like one's ownself) (soul) (enjoyment) (ornament) (hope) '(blessing) (long-lived) (necessity) itastataH iti idhara-udhara isa prakAra, (kathana-samApti sUcaka) itihAsa isa prakAra indriya rAvI nadI cAhanA itihAsa: ittham indriyam irAvatI iSa (here & there) (thus, denotes end of direct speech (history) (thus) (sense) (Ravi river) (to want) R IdRza isa prakAra kA (of this type) ucca diiosisio U~cA uttara dizA uttara dizA unnata Emirates unnata uta+nI U~cA le jAnA utsAhaH utsAha udarastha peTa meM sthita, khAnA udghATanam udghATana udyata taiyAra udyamaH parizrama upakramaH Arambha upa+gam pAsa jAnA on nounny 111 (high) (northern direction) (high, prosperous) (to take up) (courage) (to swallow food) (inauguration) (ready) (hard work) (beginning) (to go near)

Page #117
upa+diz upadezaH upayogaH upa+has upahAraH upAyaH upadeza denA upadeza upayoga maz2Aka ur3AnA upahAra upAya (to give sermons) (sermon) (utility) (to joke) (gift) (device) evaMvidha isa prakAra kA (of this type) RSiH RSi (sage) kaMkaNam kaH (kim) ko'pi kaNThaH kadAkAra kadAcit kathA karaH karataladhvaniH karkaTikA karmabhUmiH karmayogin karmazuddhiH kalyANam kAThinyam kAraNam kAryakramaH kAvyam kiJca kar3A, kaMgana kauna koI bhI galA bhadde AkAra vAlA kabhI, zAyada kahAnI hAtha tAlI kI AvAz2a kakar3I karmabhUmi karmayogI kAma kI zuddhi kalyANa kaThinAI kAraNa kAryakrama kAvya aura saMkSepa meM kahanA, doharAnA (bangle) (who) (any body) (neck) (of ugly form) (sometime, perhaps) (story) (hand) (clapping) (a type of cucumber) (field of action) (yogi believing in action) (purification in action) (well-being) (difficulty) (cause) (programme) (poetry) (and) (in short) (to mention, repeat) ki bahunA kIrtaya 112

Page #118
kutaH kutracit kurUpa kuzala kuzalam kuzalin kRtikAraH kRta kRpAlu kRSNavarNa kokilA kriyA krIDakaH krIDA krIDA-sthalam kahA~ se kahIM bhaddA kuzala kuzalatA sakuzala kATanA racanAkAra lie kRpA karane vAlA kAle raMga vAlA koyala kAma khilAr3I khela khela kA maidAna krodhita dhIre-dhIre (from where) (somewhere) (ugly) (skillful) (well-being) (doing well) (to cut) (creator) (for) (kind) (black-coloured) (cuckoo) (action) (player) (game) (playground) (angry) (gradually, by turns) kramaNa kSaNa kSaNaH kSamA kSip khaNDam kSamA pheMkanA choTA Tukar3A khAne yogya vastu daHkhI khela khela khilAnA (moment) (forgiveness) (to throw) (small) (piece) (eatable) (desperate) (game) (to make play) khAdyam khinna khelaH khelaya gaNDakaH gatiH gaiMDA cAla jAne vAlA (rhinoceros) (speed) (goer) gantu 113

Page #119
gamaya garjanam gadarbhaH gaveSaNA guNaH bhejanA garajanA gadhA khoja guNa AcArya grantha graha garmI kI chuTTiyA~ (to send) (roaring) (donkey) (research) (virtue) (teacher) (big book) (planet) (summer vacation) guruH granthaH grahaH grISmAvakAzaH ghoSayu ghoSita karanA (to announce) . caturtha cakram cakra, pahiyAcaTakaH cir3iyA cauthA candrabhAgA hua cinAba nadI caraNa-kandukam / phuTabaoNla cApa urddha dhanuSa cintayitR socane vAlA nizAna (wheel) (sparrow) (fourth) (Chenab river) gagana (footbal) (arch) (thinker) (sign) cihnam chAtrAvAsaH chAyA chAtrAvAsa chAyA (hostel) (shade) janaH jananI jantuH janturAjaH jantuzAlA jalAzayaH jAlam ji (jay) AdamI mAtA prANI "zera cir3iyAghara tAlAba (jAla jItanA (man) (mother) (creature) (lion) (100) (water pool) (net) (to win) (apta 114

Page #120
jIrNa jIvitam jJA phaTA huA jIvana jAnanA sabase bar3A (torn) (life) (to know) (eldest) jyeSThaEER tadanu tataH usake bAda 'tathA utanA, usa prakAra tathApi to bhI tathAhi jaise usake bAda tadartham usake lie tap tapanA tapas tapasyA tapasvin 30ts tapasvI -tama sdo (after that) (that much, in that manner) (even then) (for example) (thereafter) (for that) (to shine) (penance) (ascetic) Fero-vA~ (-th) per3a tarhi THE C 1 tADay (boor pITanA tAtaH Febaglo priya tApaH aando garmI tAvat to tIram kinArA tIvra tez2a tejasvin tejasvI tya chor3anA trivarNa tiraMgA (tree) (then) (to beat) (dear) (heat) (then) (shore) (fast) (illustrious) (to leave) (tri-coloured) na dakAraH dattadhyAna dantaH damanam dayA 'da' akSara dhyAna - yukta dA~ta damana dayA (letter da) (attentive) (tooth) (control) (kindness) 115

Page #121
dayAla darzanam daridradevaH darzaya dalam dAtR dene vAlA dAnam dAnavatI dAnazIla dArAH divasaH dIrghazikha dayAvAn (merciful) dekhanA (seeing) nirdhana haiM deva jisake (one who regards the poor as his god) dikhAnA (to show) dala (team) (giver) dAna (charity) dAna-yukta (full of charity) dAna dene vAlA (charitable) patnI , .. (wife) dina (day) lambI coTI vAlA (one with a long lock of hair on the head) kamaz2orI (weakness) dUra honA (to go away) devatva (godlihood) devoM kA deva (God of gods) deza kA (of the country) bhAgya (fate) pakkA (firm) pakke nizcaya karane vAlA (determined) dhana (wealth) jaldI (soon) daravAz2A (door) durbalatA dUrI+bhU devatvam devadeva dezIya daivam dRr3ha-nizcaya draviNam drAk dvAram dhanAdeza: dhanuSmat dharmaH dhArmika dhAvanam manI-ArDara dhanuSadhArI dharma dhArmika dhonA dhikkAra (money-order) (archer) (religion, duty) (religious) (washing) (curse) dhik 116

Page #122
dhIvaraH machiyArA jhaNDA (fisher-man) (flag) dhvajaH nadI (river) nabhas (sky) namaskAraH nava navIna nahi nAma nArI nimagna nimnalikhita niyamaH ni+gam nirNAyakaH nirbhaya narmala nizA nizcayaH nizcayavat nizzaMka nizzvasita niSkAma-bhAvanA nadI AkAza namaskAra nayA nayA nahIM nAmaka strI magana nimnalikhita niyama nikalanA nirNaya karane vAlA niDara (bhaya rahita) sApha rAta nizcaya nizcaya-yukta zaMkA rahita jisakA sA~sa phUlA hai phala-kAmanA se rahita vicAra netA kamI (salute) (new) (new) (not) (named) (woman) (absorbed) (mentioned below) (rule) (to go out) (referee, judge) (fearless) (clean) (night) (determination) (full of determination) (without any doubt) (out of breath) (idea without desire of fruit) (leader) (shortcoming, shortage) netR nyUnatA paJcam paNDita pativratam payas pA~cavA~ vidvAn pativrata pAnI, dUdha (fifth) (scholar) (devotion to husband) (water, milk) 117

Page #123
para para-pIDanam paraloka: parahastagata parAhaH paricayaH pariNAmaH pari+nI (nay) parivAraH parIkSA paropakAraH parvataH parvatarAjaH pazuH pazcAt pApam pASANaH pitA pitR-caraNa pitR-bhUmiH puNyabhUmiH puNyam punaH purA puraH puruSakAraH puSpa - mAlA pUjanIya pUrNa pUrNimA pUrva pUrvam (egbu 02 00 dUsarA dUsaroM ko satAnA paraloka (other) (harassing others) (the other world) dUsare ke hAtha meM gayA huA (gone in other's hands) dUsarA dina paricaya (the other day) (introduction) (result) pariNAma (to marry) (family) (examination) (good of others) vivAha karanA parivAra parIkSA bhalAI pahAr3a parvatoM kA rAjA pazu bAda pApa patthara pitA pUjya pitA pitRbhUmi puNyabhUmi puNya phira prAcIna kAla meM sAmane parizrama phUloM kA hAra pUjya sArA pUrNimA pUrva dizA pahale 118 Fan (mountain) (king of mountains) (animal) (after) (sin) (stone) (father) (respected father) (fatherland) (sacred land) (religious merit) (again) (in old days) (in front of) (hard work) (garland) (respected) (full) (full moon night) (east) (earlier)

Page #124
. poSaya prakRtiH pragADha pracAraH prajA prati prati+A+gam pratikUla prAtarvidhiH pratizodhaH pratIkSA prathama prathamam pra+naz prabuddhaH prabhuH prayogaH prayojanam pravezapatram prazaMsita pra+sad (sId) prasanna mukha pra+sR prasRta prAk prAcIna prArthanA prAsAdaH preSaya pUchA gayA .. poSaNa karanA kudarata - bahuta gaharA pracAra prajA kI ora vApasa AnA viruddha zaucAdi badalA intaz2Ara pahalA sabase pahale bhAga jAnA jAgA huA Izvara prayoga uddezya (asked) (to nourish) (nature) (intense) (propaganda) (people) (towards) (to return) (opposite) (call of nature) (revenge) (wait) (first) (first of all) (to run away) (awake) (God) (use) (purpose) (ticket) (admirer) (to be pleased) (one with a smiling face) (to spread) (spread) (before) (old) (prayer) (palace) (to send) TikaTa prazaMsaka prasanna honA ha~samukha phailanA phailI huI pahale purAnA prArthanA mahala bhejanA phalam phala (fruit) 119

Page #125
baddha bandhuH bala-yukta balavat ba~dhA huA bhAI balavAn balavAn bahuta bahuta kImatI buddhimAn samajha meM AnA (captured) (brother) (strong) (strong) (very) (very costly) (wise) (to be understood) bahu bahumUlya buddhimat buddhisaraNim ava+tR bhagavat bhayam bhavat bhAgyaparaH bhAgyam bhAgyavat bhAnuH bhASaNam bhASA bhAratIya bhIta bhagavAn Dara Apa bhAgyavAdI bhAgya bhAgyavAn (God) (fear) (you-respectful) (fatalist) (fate) (fortunate) (Sun) (speech) (language) (Indian) (frightened) (past, creature, monster) (very much) bhASaNa bhASA bhAratIya DarA huA bItA huA, prANI, bhUta atyadhika bhUtam bhRzam bIca mandira madhyaH mandiram manuSyaH manuSyatvam manorathaH maharSiH mahApakaH mahApaMjarakaH manuSya mAnavatA icchA (middle) (temple) (man) (humanism) (desire) (great sage) (great mud) (big cage) maharSi bar3A kIcar3a bar3A piMjarA 120

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mahodayaH mAtR mAtRbhUmiH mAnavaH mAsaH mithaH miSTAnnam mugdha muc (muJc) muhurmuhuH mUni sthApay mahodaya mAtA mAtRbhUmi manuSya mahInA Apasa meM miThAI bholA, mohita chor3anA bAra-bAra sabase Upara rakhanA cUhA lagabhaga marA huA miTTI (Sir) (mother) (motherland) (human being) (month) (with one another) (sweetmeat) (innocent, infatuated) (to leave) (again and again) (to place on the top) (mouse) (half dead) (clay, soil) mUSakaH mRtaprAya mRttikA yajJa (fireworship) (who ever) jA yajJaH yaH (yat) yatnaH yatnavat yathA (effort prayatna yatnavAn jaise, jisase yathAzakti yatheccham yadyapi yazas yazasvin zakti ke anusAra icchAnusAra bezaka yaza yazasvI yAtrI yAna yukta raNakSetra yuddha kA samaya (engaged in effort) (as in the manner mentioned) (according to capability) (as you please) (although) (fame) (famous) (traveller) (conveyance) (with) (battle-field) (time of war) yAtrin yAnam yukta yuddhabhUmi: yuddhavelA 121

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rathaH rakSaNam rakSA (protection) rakSA rakSA (protection) rajakaH dhobI (washerman) rata lIna (busy) ratha (chariot) rasavatI prema se bharI (full of love) rahita rahita (without) rAkSasaH rAkSasa (demon) rAgaH sAMsArika prema (wordly attachment) rAj camakanA (to shine) rAjakumArI rAjakumArI (princess) rAjakumAraH rAjakumAra (prince) rAjanItijJaH rAjanItijJa (politician) rAjanItiH rAjanIti (politics) rAjJI rAnI (queen) rAjyam rAjya (kingdom) rAtriH rAta (night) rASTradevaH rASTra ko devatA mAnane vAlA (one who regards nation as his god) rASTriya rASTrIya (national) rugNa rogI (ailing) ruciH // dsasoorgid ruci (interest) rUpam sundaratA, rUpa (beauty) lakSmIH likhita lubdha lobhaH loSTaH dhana kI devI likhita lAlacI lobha miTTI kA DhelA (goddess of wealth) (written) (greedy) (greed) (lump of earth) vacana-dvayam do zabda (two words) 122

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vat vayas taraha umra chor3anA varSa AjJAkArI bahanA vAkya vANI varjaya varSam vaMzavada vaha vAkyam vANI vAyuH vArtA vArSika vAstavyaH vicAraH vicArazuddhiH vijJAnam vitastA vidyA vidyAvat (like) (age) (to leave) (year) (obedient) (to flow) (sentence) (speech) (air) (talk) (yearly) (inhabitant) (thought) (purification of thoughts) mA (science) (Jhelum river) (learning) (scholar) (moon) (Beas river) (to shine) (step-mother) me (detatched) (marriage) (various) (multi-coloured) (one with a big body) mI (world) (trust) (betrayal) (expansion) (astonished) (speed) vidhuH havA bAta vArSika nivAsI vicAra vicAroM kI zuddhi vijJAna jehalama nadI vidyA vidvAn candramA byAsa nadI suzobhita honA sautelI mA~ vairAgya-yukta vivAha aneka prakAra kA aneka raMgoM vAlA bar3e zarIra vAlA saMsAra vizvAsa vizvAsaghAta vistAra cakita gati ( 123 vipAzA vi+bhA vimAtA virakta vivAhaH vividha vividha-varNa vizAlakAya vizvam vizvAsaH vizvAsaghAtaH vistaraH vismita vegaH The

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(scientist) (medical science) (old) (arrangement) (lion) (hunter) (exercise) vaijJAnika vaijJAnika vaidyakam cikitsA-vijJAna bUr3hA vyavasthA prabandha vyAghraH bAgha vyAdhaH zikArI vyAyAmaH kasarata za 'zatadruH sataluja nadI zatruH zatru zap zApa denA zabdaH zabda zabdikA good sITI 'zarIram zarIra 'zavaH lAza "zazin candramA zAstram zAstra zikSA zikSA zikharam coTI zuddha zuddha zuSkakeza sUkhe bAloM vAlA 'zodhakam sAbuna zraddhAvat zraddhA-yukta zramavatI mehanata se bharI zrAnta DoTuote thakA huA zrImata (bodsides zrImAn zrutipatham A+gam sunane vAlA va zrotram kAna (Satluj river) (enemy) (to curse) (word) (whistle) (body) (dead body) (moon) (scripture) (education) (peak) (pure) (dry-haired) (soap) (full of reverence) (full of hard work) (tired) (sir) al drd sunanA zrotR (to hear) (listener) (ear) va sa sakala sArA (all) 124

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sakhA sajjA satyam sad (sId) sabhA samartha samAdhiH samApta samutpanna samudraH (molmo mitra sajAvaTa, saca moni baiThanA sabhA (bateur samartha (sash samAdhi air niw on samApta (stubei utpanna (samudra sAmane sammukham (slandings sam+vad samAna saras sarvadA savinayam sahAyaka sahAyatA sahita saMkalpaH saMketaH saMsakta-locana saMsAraH saMskRtiH sAdaram sAdhu (avyaya) sAdhuH sAdhUdayaH sAmpratam sAra: sAhityam sic (siMc) siMdhU frlour bAtacIta karanA (101891 hamezA samAna sarovara (phIkI 10-moon sahAyatA AyuotossAtha taiyArI (namratA pUrvaka Masala madada karane vAlA (blog pakkA irAdA (Smoolaw saMsAra (noblog izArA (adjoy A~kheM gar3hAe hue (Simon saMskRti Adara ke sAtha ThIka, zAbAza fts/li> sAdhu, sajjana (sanslaiv) (astrow) 102531 (15qqidarew-out) Tony (finished) PSET (truth) TFF (to sit) sajjana kI unnati ucita sAra sAhitya sIMcanA siddha honA ast (friend) e (decoration, preparation) ka (PPP) EP 125 (meeting) (capable) FI(meditation) (born) (ocean) (in front of) (to converse) (like) (lake) (always) FP(humbly) (helper) 15S(help) (with) TE(determination) PE WETRE (proper) (essence) (literature) hAla STEP (hint) 10-10 (one with eyes fixed) (world) (culture) (respectfully) (well done) (Sadhu, gentleman) (rise of sadhu) (to irrigate) (to be done) eka HES ku FETIES 155 978 FEST pratI Yu You eni

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sukha senA EFRONTER sukham (comfort) supta mundibinod soyA huA gi (asleep) sUryodayaH sUrya kA udaya (sun-rise) sUc (sUcaya) sUcita karanA (to inform) senA (army) -stha sthita (situated) sthAnam sthAna (place) sthUlauSTha moTe hoMThoM vAlA (one with thick lips) snAtakaH grejueTa (graduate) snAnam snAna (bath) snehin prema (affectionate) sparzaH chUnA (touch) spRz chUnA (to touch) (bhata-kAlika nipAta) (past-tense-maker) sraSTa racayitA (creator) sva apanA - (own) svaccha. sAfa TOP (clean) svayaMvara: svayaMvara (Groom-choosing THE ceremony) svarNam (noiismina sonA (gold) svarNa-varNa sone ke raMga vAlA (golden) svaraHnapatti AvAz2a (voice) svAgatam svAgata (welcome) svAsthyam sehata (health) svAsthya-vardhaka svAsthya bar3hAne vAlAbha (healthy) hisA mArane vAlA hiMsA bhalA barpha hitam himam (killer) (violence) (welfare) (snow) (Oh!) (reason) (fire-worshipper) are kAraNa havana karane vAlA 126

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.00 rAmAyaNa abhijJAna zAkuntalam yaja /athaveda pItAmbara