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CHAPTER II
in nature in the form of mineral ore, is found in association with various mineral impurities. Similarly fire is usually found in association with smoke. Nevertheless fire in itself is not smoke, nor gold is the same as the impure mineral ore. In the same way the Self cannot be identified with various psychic manifestations to which it is subject because of its association with impurities. In spite of the forms in which they are found in nature, gold in its pure condition is distinct from the impure ore, and the pure self is distinct and different from the embodied līva. No doubt the Self is found always in association with its body throughout the cycle of births and deaths, but on that score it cannot be identified with the body since the Self as distinct and different from the body is realised in its pure form. No doubt the Karmic body may be an inevitable condition of the transmigration of the Self in this sämsäric cycle; nevertheless this non-cetana material condition because of its invarible association with the Self cannot be identified with it, as they are different in nature and hence distinct from each other. In short, what is found in association with a thing need not necessarily be identical with its true nature. The realisation of the true Self will obviously expose the alien nature of the various attributes, physical and psychical, with which it is associated in its impure state, an association which leads the uninstructed to erroneous conclusions.
अट्टविहं पि य कम्मं सव्वं पुग्गलमयं जिणा विति ।
जस्स फलं तं वुच्चइ दुक्खं ति विपच्चमाणस्स ॥४५॥ atthaviham pi ya kammaṁ savvaṁ puggalamayam jiņā vimti jassa phalar tam vuccai dukkham ti vipaccamāṇassa. (45)
अष्टविधमपि च कर्म सर्व पुद्गलमयं जिना अवन्ति ।
यस्य फलं तदुच्यते दुःखमिति विपच्यमानस्य ॥४५॥ 45. The Jinas declare that all the eight kinds of Karmas are material in nature; and also suffering which is the effect of Karmic fruition (is said) to be material.
COMMENTARY According to Jaina metaphysics the various Karmas are intrinsically material though of subtle form. Since they are material
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