History of Canonical Literature of Jainas

Author(s): Hiralal R Kapadia
Publisher: Shardaben Chimanbhai Educational Research Centre

Page 42

CLASSIFICATIONS OF THE AGAMAS
Further, there are several works which come under the class of kaliyasuya. They are not only anonymous but we have no idea about them except that they are Païnnagas.
It may be here noted that none of the 12 Angas is included in any of the two groups viz. käliya-suya and ukkäliya-suya. So there arise, two questions as under :
(1) Why are the 1st 11 Angas referred to as kālika-śruta by Abhayadeva Sūri in his com. (p. 792) on Viahapannatti (XX, 8; s. 677) and by Hemacandra Sūri in his com. (p. 931) on Viseśävassayabhāsa (v. 2294) ?
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(2) How is it that the Cunni (p. 47)2 of Nandi (s. 44) and Malayagiri Suri's com. (p. 203) on this very Nandi, refer to Ayara etc., as works belonging to the kaliya-suya group?
The answer appears to be that the word kaliya-suya is here used in the 2nd sense out of 3: (i) in contrast with the word ukkāliya, (ii) etymologically and (iii) as a synonym of caraṇakaraṇānuyoga. The 2nd sense conveys that while studying the 11 Angas-the entire śruta, käla (time) is taken into account, and consequently each of the works so studied is called kaliya.
This finishes the discussion about one type of classifications of the Jaina scriptures; but there remains another to be attended to, though this is not probably as old as the former one. It is however more popular than the former. According to it the scriptures are divided into 6 groups viz. (1) Anga, (2) Uvanga, (3) Cheyasutta, (4) Mülasutta, (5) Painnaga and (6) Cüliyāsutta.
Before we deal with these groups, we may note that it is only the murtipujaka Svetambaras who use all these six designations; for, the Sthānakavāsins seem to use only first four, while the Digambaras, only the 1st and the 5th with the exception that in Dhavala there is mention of chedasutta.
Anga Anga is a word common to both the Prākṛta and Samskṛta
1. For the pertinent portion see Tattvarasikacandrikā (pt. I, p. 68)
2. "तं च प्रायसो आयारादि कालियसुतं । "
3. " तच्च प्राय आचारादि कालिकश्रुतम् ।"
4. This is what the Cunni (p. 2) on Dasaveyaliya says. The pertinent line is: "चरणकरणाणुयोगो णाम कालियसुर्य"
5. These represent a non-idolatrous (amurtipujaka) section of the Svetämbaras which originated in Vikrama Samvat 1530. It is said that a subsection known as Terapanthis arose from this section in Samvat 1816.
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